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.\" ======================================================================== |
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.\" |
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.IX Title "VPED.CONF 5" |
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.TH VPED.CONF 5 "2004-04-01" "1.5" "Virtual Private Ethernet" |
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.SH "NAME" |
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vped.conf \- vpe daemon configuration file |
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.SH "SYNOPSIS" |
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.IX Header "SYNOPSIS" |
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.Vb 4 |
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\& enable-udp = yes |
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\& udp-port = 407 |
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\& mtu = 1492 |
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\& ifname = vpn0 |
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.Ve |
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.PP |
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.Vb 2 |
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\& node = branch1 |
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\& hostname = 1.2.3.4 |
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.Ve |
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.PP |
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.Vb 3 |
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\& node = branch2 |
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\& hostname = www.example.net |
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\& udp-port = 500 # this host uses a different udp-port |
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.Ve |
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.PP |
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.Vb 2 |
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\& node = branch3 |
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\& connect = ondemand |
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.Ve |
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.SH "DESCRIPTION" |
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.IX Header "DESCRIPTION" |
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The vpe config file consists of a series of lines that contain \f(CW\*(C`variable |
| 162 |
= value\*(C'\fR pairs. Empty lines are ignored. Comments start with a \f(CW\*(C`#\*(C'\fR and |
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extend to the end of the line. They can be used on their own lines, or |
| 164 |
after any directives. Spaces are allowed before or after the \f(CW\*(C`=\*(C'\fR sign or |
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after values, but not within the variable names or values themselves. |
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.PP |
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The only exception to the above is the \*(L"on\*(R" directive that can prefix any |
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\&\f(CW\*(C`name = value\*(C'\fR setting and will only \*(L"execute\*(R" it on the named node, or |
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(if the nodename starts with \*(L"!\*(R") on all nodes except the named one. |
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.PP |
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.Vb 3 |
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\& name = value |
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\& on branch1 loglevel = noise |
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\& on !branch2 connect = ondemand |
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.Ve |
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.PP |
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All settings are executed \*(L"in order\*(R", that is, later settings of the same |
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variable overwrite earlier ones. |
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.SH "ANATOMY OF A CONFIG FILE" |
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.IX Header "ANATOMY OF A CONFIG FILE" |
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Usually, a config file starts with global settings (like the udp port to |
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listen on), followed by node-specific sections that begin with a \f(CW\*(C`node = |
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nickname\*(C'\fR line. |
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.PP |
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Every node that is part of the network must have a section that starts |
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with \f(CW\*(C`node = nickname\*(C'\fR. The number and order of the nodes is important |
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and must be the same on all hosts. It is not uncommon for node sections to |
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be completely empty \- if the default values are right. |
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.PP |
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Node-specific settings can be used at any time. If used before the first |
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node section they will set the default values for all following nodes. |
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.SH "CONFIG VARIABLES" |
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.IX Header "CONFIG VARIABLES" |
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.Sh "\s-1GLOBAL\s0 \s-1SETTINGS\s0" |
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.IX Subsection "GLOBAL SETTINGS" |
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Global settings will affect the behaviour of the running vped daemon, that |
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is, they are in some sense node-specific (config files can set different |
| 198 |
values on different nodes using \f(CW\*(C`on\*(C'\fR), but will affect the behaviour of |
| 199 |
the vped daemon and all connections it creates. |
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.IP "loglevel = noise|trace|debug|info|notice|warn|error|critical" 4 |
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.IX Item "loglevel = noise|trace|debug|info|notice|warn|error|critical" |
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Set the logging level. Connection established messages are logged at level |
| 203 |
\&\f(CW\*(C`info\*(C'\fR, notable errors are logged with \f(CW\*(C`error\*(C'\fR. Default is \f(CW\*(C`info\*(C'\fR. |
| 204 |
.IP "node = nickname" 4 |
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.IX Item "node = nickname" |
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Not really a config setting but introduces a node section. The nickname is |
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used to select the right configuration section and must be passed as an |
| 208 |
argument to the vped daemon. |
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.IP "private-key = relative-path-to-key" 4 |
| 210 |
.IX Item "private-key = relative-path-to-key" |
| 211 |
Sets the path (relative to the config directory) to the private key |
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(default: \f(CW\*(C`hostkey\*(C'\fR). This is a printf format string so every \f(CW\*(C`%\*(C'\fR must |
| 213 |
be doubled. A single \f(CW%s\fR is replaced by the hostname, so you could |
| 214 |
use paths like \f(CW\*(C`hostkeys/%s\*(C'\fR to fetch the files at the location where |
| 215 |
\&\f(CW\*(C`vpectrl\*(C'\fR puts them. |
| 216 |
.Sp |
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Since only the private key file of the current node is used and the |
| 218 |
private key file should be kept secret per-host to avoid spoofings, it is |
| 219 |
not recommended to use this feature. |
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.IP "ifpersist = yes|true|on | no|false|off" 4 |
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.IX Item "ifpersist = yes|true|on | no|false|off" |
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Should the tun/tap device be made persistent, that is, should the device |
| 223 |
stay up even when vped exits? Some versions of the tunnel device have |
| 224 |
problems sending packets when vped is restarted in persistent mode, so |
| 225 |
if the connections can be established but you cannot send packets from |
| 226 |
the local node, try to set this to \f(CW\*(C`off\*(C'\fR and do an ifconfig down on the |
| 227 |
device. |
| 228 |
.IP "ifname = devname" 4 |
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.IX Item "ifname = devname" |
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Sets the tun interface name to the given name. The default is OS-specific |
| 231 |
and most probably something like \f(CW\*(C`tun0\*(C'\fR. |
| 232 |
.IP "rekey = seconds" 4 |
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.IX Item "rekey = seconds" |
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Sets the rekeying interval in seconds (default: \f(CW3600\fR). Connections are |
| 235 |
reestablished every \f(CW\*(C`rekey\*(C'\fR seconds. |
| 236 |
.IP "keepalive = seconds" 4 |
| 237 |
.IX Item "keepalive = seconds" |
| 238 |
Sets the keepalive probe interval in seconds (default: \f(CW60\fR). After this |
| 239 |
many seconds of inactivity the daemon will start to send keepalive probe |
| 240 |
every 5 seconds until it receives a reply from the other end. If no reply |
| 241 |
is received within 30 seconds, the peer is considered unreachable and the |
| 242 |
connection is closed. |
| 243 |
.IP "mtu = bytes" 4 |
| 244 |
.IX Item "mtu = bytes" |
| 245 |
Sets the maximum \s-1MTU\s0 that should be used on outgoing packets (basically |
| 246 |
the \s-1MTU\s0 of the outgoing interface) The daemon will automatically calculate |
| 247 |
maximum overhead (e.g. udp header size, encryption blocksize...) and pass |
| 248 |
this information to the \f(CW\*(C`if\-up\*(C'\fR script. |
| 249 |
.Sp |
| 250 |
Recommended values are 1500 (ethernet), 1492 (pppoe), 1472 (pptp). |
| 251 |
.Sp |
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This value must be the minimum of the mtu values of all hosts. |
| 253 |
.IP "ip-proto = numerical-ip-protocol" 4 |
| 254 |
.IX Item "ip-proto = numerical-ip-protocol" |
| 255 |
Sets the protocol number to be used for the rawip protocol. This is a |
| 256 |
global option because all hosts must use the same protocol, and since |
| 257 |
there are no port numbers, you cannot easily run more than one vped |
| 258 |
instance using the same protocol, nor can you share the protocol with |
| 259 |
other programs. |
| 260 |
.Sp |
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The default is 47 (\s-1GRE\s0), which has a good chance of tunneling through |
| 262 |
firewalls (but note that the rawip protocol is not \s-1GRE\s0 compatible). Other |
| 263 |
common choices are 50 (\s-1IPSEC\s0, \s-1ESP\s0), 51 (\s-1IPSEC\s0, \s-1AH\s0), 4 (\s-1IPIP\s0 tunnels) or 98 |
| 264 |
(\s-1ENCAP\s0, rfc1241) |
| 265 |
.IP "if-up = relative-or-absolute-path" 4 |
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.IX Item "if-up = relative-or-absolute-path" |
| 267 |
Sets the path of a script that should be called immediately after the |
| 268 |
network interface is initialized (but not neccessarily up). The following |
| 269 |
environment variables are passed to it (the values are just examples): |
| 270 |
.RS 4 |
| 271 |
.IP "CONFBASE=/etc/vpe" 4 |
| 272 |
.IX Item "CONFBASE=/etc/vpe" |
| 273 |
The configuration base directory. |
| 274 |
.IP "IFNAME=vpn0" 4 |
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.IX Item "IFNAME=vpn0" |
| 276 |
The interface to initialize. |
| 277 |
.IP "MTU=1436" 4 |
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.IX Item "MTU=1436" |
| 279 |
The \s-1MTU\s0 to set the interface to. You can use lower values (if done |
| 280 |
consistently on all hosts), but this is usually ineffective. |
| 281 |
.IP "MAC=fe:fd:80:00:00:01" 4 |
| 282 |
.IX Item "MAC=fe:fd:80:00:00:01" |
| 283 |
The \s-1MAC\s0 address to set the interface to. The script *must* set the |
| 284 |
interface \s-1MAC\s0 to this value. You will most likely use one of these: |
| 285 |
.Sp |
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.Vb 2 |
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\& ip link set $IFNAME address $MAC mtu $MTU up # GNU/Linux |
| 288 |
\& ifconfig $IFNAME ether $MAC mtu $MTU up # FreeBSD |
| 289 |
.Ve |
| 290 |
.Sp |
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Please see the \f(CW\*(C`vpe.osdep(5)\*(C'\fR manpage for platform-specific information. |
| 292 |
.IP "IFTYPE=native # or tincd" 4 |
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.IX Item "IFTYPE=native # or tincd" |
| 294 |
.PD 0 |
| 295 |
.IP "IFSUBTYPE=linux # or freebsd, darwin etc.." 4 |
| 296 |
.IX Item "IFSUBTYPE=linux # or freebsd, darwin etc.." |
| 297 |
.PD |
| 298 |
The interface type (\f(CW\*(C`native\*(C'\fR or \f(CW\*(C`tincd\*(C'\fR) and the subtype (usually the os |
| 299 |
name in lowercase) that this vpe was configured for. Can be used to select |
| 300 |
the correct syntax to use for network-related commands. |
| 301 |
.IP "NODENAME=branch1" 4 |
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.IX Item "NODENAME=branch1" |
| 303 |
The nickname of the current node, as passed to the vped daemon. |
| 304 |
.IP "NODEID=1" 4 |
| 305 |
.IX Item "NODEID=1" |
| 306 |
The numerical node id of the current node. The first node mentioned in the |
| 307 |
config file gets \s-1ID\s0 1, the second \s-1ID\s0 2 and so on. |
| 308 |
.RE |
| 309 |
.RS 4 |
| 310 |
.Sp |
| 311 |
Here is a simple if-up script: |
| 312 |
.Sp |
| 313 |
.Vb 5 |
| 314 |
\& #!/bin/sh |
| 315 |
\& ip link set $IFNAME address $MAC mtu $MTU up |
| 316 |
\& [ $NODENAME = branch1 ] && ip addr add 10.0.0.1 dev $IFNAME |
| 317 |
\& [ $NODENAME = branch2 ] && ip addr add 10.1.0.1 dev $IFNAME |
| 318 |
\& ip route add 10.0.0.0/8 dev $IFNAME |
| 319 |
.Ve |
| 320 |
.Sp |
| 321 |
More complicated examples (using routing to reduce arp traffic) can be |
| 322 |
found in the etc/ subdirectory of the distribution. |
| 323 |
.RE |
| 324 |
.IP "node-up = relative-or-absolute-path" 4 |
| 325 |
.IX Item "node-up = relative-or-absolute-path" |
| 326 |
Sets a command (default: no script) that should be called whenever a |
| 327 |
connection is established (even on rekeying operations). In addition |
| 328 |
to the variables passed to \f(CW\*(C`if\-up\*(C'\fR scripts, the following environment |
| 329 |
variables will be set: |
| 330 |
.RS 4 |
| 331 |
.IP "DESTNODE=branch2" 4 |
| 332 |
.IX Item "DESTNODE=branch2" |
| 333 |
The name of the remote node. |
| 334 |
.IP "DESTID=2" 4 |
| 335 |
.IX Item "DESTID=2" |
| 336 |
The node id of the remote node. |
| 337 |
.IP "DESTIP=188.13.66.8" 4 |
| 338 |
.IX Item "DESTIP=188.13.66.8" |
| 339 |
The numerical \s-1IP\s0 address of the remote host (vped accepts connections from |
| 340 |
everywhere, as long as the other host can authenticate itself). |
| 341 |
.IP "DESTPORT=655 # deprecated" 4 |
| 342 |
.IX Item "DESTPORT=655 # deprecated" |
| 343 |
The \s-1UDP\s0 port used by the other side. |
| 344 |
.IP "STATE=UP" 4 |
| 345 |
.IX Item "STATE=UP" |
| 346 |
Node-up scripts get called with STATE=UP, node-down scripts get called |
| 347 |
with STATE=DOWN. |
| 348 |
.RE |
| 349 |
.RS 4 |
| 350 |
.Sp |
| 351 |
Here is a nontrivial example that uses nsupdate to update the name => ip |
| 352 |
mapping in some dns zone: |
| 353 |
.Sp |
| 354 |
.Vb 6 |
| 355 |
\& #!/bin/sh |
| 356 |
\& { |
| 357 |
\& echo update delete $DESTNODE.lowttl.example.net. a |
| 358 |
\& echo update add $DESTNODE.lowttl.example.net. 1 in a $DESTIP |
| 359 |
\& echo |
| 360 |
\& } | nsupdate -d -k $CONFBASE:key.example.net. |
| 361 |
.Ve |
| 362 |
.RE |
| 363 |
.IP "node-down = relative-or-absolute-path" 4 |
| 364 |
.IX Item "node-down = relative-or-absolute-path" |
| 365 |
Same as \f(CW\*(C`node\-up\*(C'\fR, but gets called whenever a connection is lost. |
| 366 |
.IP "http-proxy-host = hostname/ip" 4 |
| 367 |
.IX Item "http-proxy-host = hostname/ip" |
| 368 |
The \f(CW\*(C`http\-proxy\-*\*(C'\fR family of options are only available if vpe was |
| 369 |
compiled with the \f(CW\*(C`\-\-enable\-http\-proxy\*(C'\fR option and enable tunneling of |
| 370 |
tcp connections through a http proxy server. |
| 371 |
.Sp |
| 372 |
\&\f(CW\*(C`http\-proxy\-host\*(C'\fR and \f(CW\*(C`http\-proxy\-port\*(C'\fR should specify the hostname and |
| 373 |
port number of the proxy server. See \f(CW\*(C`http\-proxy\-loginpw\*(C'\fR if your proxy |
| 374 |
requires authentication. |
| 375 |
.Sp |
| 376 |
Please note that vpe will still try to resolve all hostnames in the |
| 377 |
configuration file, so if you are behind a proxy without access to a dns |
| 378 |
server better use numerical \s-1IP\s0 addresses. |
| 379 |
.Sp |
| 380 |
To make best use of this option disable all protocols except tcp in your |
| 381 |
config file and make sure your routers (or all other hosts) are listening |
| 382 |
on a port that the proxy allows (443, https, is a common choice). |
| 383 |
.Sp |
| 384 |
If you have a router, connecting to it will suffice. Otherwise tcp must be |
| 385 |
enabled on all hosts. |
| 386 |
.Sp |
| 387 |
Example: |
| 388 |
.Sp |
| 389 |
.Vb 3 |
| 390 |
\& http-proxy-host = proxy.example.com |
| 391 |
\& http-proxy-port = 3128 # 8080 is another common choice |
| 392 |
\& http-proxy-auth = schmorp:grumbeere |
| 393 |
.Ve |
| 394 |
.IP "http-proxy-port = proxy-tcp-port" 4 |
| 395 |
.IX Item "http-proxy-port = proxy-tcp-port" |
| 396 |
The port where your proxy server listens. |
| 397 |
.IP "http-proxy-auth = login:password" 4 |
| 398 |
.IX Item "http-proxy-auth = login:password" |
| 399 |
The optional login and password used to authenticate to the proxy server, |
| 400 |
seperated by a literal colon (\f(CW\*(C`:\*(C'\fR). Only basic authentication is |
| 401 |
currently supported. |
| 402 |
.IP "pid-file = path" 4 |
| 403 |
.IX Item "pid-file = path" |
| 404 |
The path to the pid file to check and create (Default: |
| 405 |
.Sh "\s-1NODE\s0 \s-1SPECIFIC\s0 \s-1SETTINGS\s0" |
| 406 |
.IX Subsection "NODE SPECIFIC SETTINGS" |
| 407 |
The following settings are node\-specific, that is, every node can have |
| 408 |
different settings, even within the same vped instance. Settings that are |
| 409 |
executed before the first node section set the defaults, settings that are |
| 410 |
executed within a node section only apply to the given node. |
| 411 |
.IP "udp-port = port-number" 4 |
| 412 |
.IX Item "udp-port = port-number" |
| 413 |
Sets the port number used by the \s-1UDP\s0 protocol (default: \f(CW655\fR, not |
| 414 |
officially assigned by \s-1IANA\s0!). |
| 415 |
.IP "tcp-port = port-number" 4 |
| 416 |
.IX Item "tcp-port = port-number" |
| 417 |
Similar to \f(CW\*(C`udp\-port\*(C'\fR (default: \f(CW655\fR), but sets the \s-1TCP\s0 port number. |
| 418 |
.IP "enable-rawip = yes|true|on | no|false|off" 4 |
| 419 |
.IX Item "enable-rawip = yes|true|on | no|false|off" |
| 420 |
Enable the \s-1RAW\s0 IPv4 transport using the \f(CW\*(C`ip\-proto\*(C'\fR protocol |
| 421 |
(default: \f(CW\*(C`no\*(C'\fR). This is the best choice, since the overhead per packet |
| 422 |
is only 38 bytes, as opposed to \s-1UDP\s0's 58 (or \s-1TCP\s0's 60+). |
| 423 |
.IP "enable-udp = yes|true|on | no|false|off" 4 |
| 424 |
.IX Item "enable-udp = yes|true|on | no|false|off" |
| 425 |
Enable the UDPv4 transport using the \f(CW\*(C`udp\-port\*(C'\fR port (default: \f(CW\*(C`yes\*(C'\fR, |
| 426 |
but this will change!). This is a good general choice since \s-1UDP\s0 tunnels |
| 427 |
well through many firewalls. |
| 428 |
.Sp |
| 429 |
\&\s-1NOTE:\s0 Please specify \f(CW\*(C`enable\-udp = yes\*(C'\fR even though it is the default, as |
| 430 |
some future version will have all protocols disabled by default. |
| 431 |
.IP "enable-tcp = yes|true|on | no|false|off" 4 |
| 432 |
.IX Item "enable-tcp = yes|true|on | no|false|off" |
| 433 |
Enable the TCPv4 transport using the \f(CW\*(C`tcp\-port\*(C'\fR port |
| 434 |
(default: \f(CW\*(C`no\*(C'\fR). Support for this horribly unsuitable protocol is only |
| 435 |
available when vpe was compiled using the \f(CW\*(C`\-\-enable\-tcp\*(C'\fR option. Never |
| 436 |
use this transport unless you really must, it is horribly ineffiecent and |
| 437 |
resource-intensive compared to the other transports. |
| 438 |
.IP "router-priority = positive-number" 4 |
| 439 |
.IX Item "router-priority = positive-number" |
| 440 |
Sets the router priority of the given host (default: \f(CW0\fR, disabled). If |
| 441 |
some host tries to connect to another host without a hostname, it asks |
| 442 |
the router host for it's \s-1IP\s0 address. The router host is the one with the |
| 443 |
highest priority that is currently reachable. Make sure all clients always |
| 444 |
connect to the router hosts, otherwise conencting to them is impossible. |
| 445 |
.IP "connect = ondemand|never|always|disabled" 4 |
| 446 |
.IX Item "connect = ondemand|never|always|disabled" |
| 447 |
Sets the connect mode (default: \f(CW\*(C`always\*(C'\fR). It can be \f(CW\*(C`always\*(C'\fR (always |
| 448 |
try to establish and keep a conenction to the given host), \f(CW\*(C`never\*(C'\fR |
| 449 |
(nevr initiate a connection to the given host, but accept connections), |
| 450 |
\&\f(CW\*(C`ondemand\*(C'\fR (try to establish a connection on the first packet sent, and |
| 451 |
take it down after the keepalive interval) or \f(CW\*(C`disabled\*(C'\fR (node is bad, |
| 452 |
don't talk to it). |
| 453 |
.IP "inherit-tos = yes|true|on | no|false|off" 4 |
| 454 |
.IX Item "inherit-tos = yes|true|on | no|false|off" |
| 455 |
Wether to inherit the \s-1TOS\s0 settings of packets sent to the tunnel when |
| 456 |
sending packets to this node (default: \f(CW\*(C`yes\*(C'\fR). If set to \f(CW\*(C`yes\*(C'\fR then |
| 457 |
outgoing tunnel packets will have the same \s-1TOS\s0 setting as the packets sent |
| 458 |
to the tunnel device, which is usually what you want. |
| 459 |
.IP "compress = yes|true|on | no|false|off" 4 |
| 460 |
.IX Item "compress = yes|true|on | no|false|off" |
| 461 |
Wether to compress data packets sent to this host (default: \f(CW\*(C`yes\*(C'\fR). |
| 462 |
Compression is really cheap even on slow computers and has no size |
| 463 |
overhead at all, so enabling this is a good idea. |
| 464 |
.SH "CONFIG DIRECTORY LAYOUT" |
| 465 |
.IX Header "CONFIG DIRECTORY LAYOUT" |
| 466 |
The default (or recommended) directory layout for the config directory is: |
| 467 |
.IP "vped.conf" 4 |
| 468 |
.IX Item "vped.conf" |
| 469 |
The config file. |
| 470 |
.IP "if-up" 4 |
| 471 |
.IX Item "if-up" |
| 472 |
The if-up script |
| 473 |
.IP "node\-up, node-down" 4 |
| 474 |
.IX Item "node-up, node-down" |
| 475 |
If used the node up or node-down scripts. |
| 476 |
.IP "hostkey" 4 |
| 477 |
.IX Item "hostkey" |
| 478 |
The private key (taken from \f(CW\*(C`hostkeys/nodename\*(C'\fR) of the current host. |
| 479 |
.IP "pubkey/nodename" 4 |
| 480 |
.IX Item "pubkey/nodename" |
| 481 |
The public keys of the other nodes, one file per node. |
| 482 |
.SH "SEE ALSO" |
| 483 |
.IX Header "SEE ALSO" |
| 484 |
\&\fIvpe\fR\|(5), \fIvped\fR\|(8), \fIvpectrl\fR\|(8). |
| 485 |
.SH "AUTHOR" |
| 486 |
.IX Header "AUTHOR" |
| 487 |
Marc Lehmann <vpe@plan9.de> |
