libcoro/coro.h

/*
 * Copyright (c) 2001-2012,2015 Marc Alexander Lehmann <schmorp@schmorp.de>
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modifica-
 * tion, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
 *
 *   1.  Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
 *       this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 *
 *   2.  Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 *       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
 *       documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED
 * WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MER-
 * CHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO
 * EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPE-
 * CIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
 * PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS;
 * OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY,
 * WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTH-
 * ERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED
 * OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 *
 * Alternatively, the contents of this file may be used under the terms of
 * the GNU General Public License ("GPL") version 2 or any later version,
 * in which case the provisions of the GPL are applicable instead of
 * the above. If you wish to allow the use of your version of this file
 * only under the terms of the GPL and not to allow others to use your
 * version of this file under the BSD license, indicate your decision
 * by deleting the provisions above and replace them with the notice
 * and other provisions required by the GPL. If you do not delete the
 * provisions above, a recipient may use your version of this file under
 * either the BSD or the GPL.
 *
 * This library is modelled strictly after Ralf S. Engelschalls article at
 * http://www.gnu.org/software/pth/rse-pmt.ps. So most of the credit must
 * go to Ralf S. Engelschall <rse@engelschall.com>.
 *
 * This coroutine library is very much stripped down. You should either
 * build your own process abstraction using it or - better - just use GNU
 * Portable Threads, http://www.gnu.org/software/pth/.
 *
 */

/*
 * 2006-10-26 Include stddef.h on OS X to work around one of its bugs.
 *            Reported by Michael_G_Schwern.
 * 2006-11-26 Use _setjmp instead of setjmp on GNU/Linux.
 * 2007-04-27 Set unwind frame info if gcc 3+ and ELF is detected.
 *            Use _setjmp instead of setjmp on _XOPEN_SOURCE >= 600.
 * 2007-05-02 Add assembly versions for x86 and amd64 (to avoid reliance
 *            on SIGUSR2 and sigaltstack in Crossfire).
 * 2008-01-21 Disable CFI usage on anything but GNU/Linux.
 * 2008-03-02 Switched to 2-clause BSD license with GPL exception.
 * 2008-04-04 New (but highly unrecommended) pthreads backend.
 * 2008-04-24 Reinstate CORO_LOSER (had wrong stack adjustments).
 * 2008-10-30 Support assembly method on x86 with and without frame pointer.
 * 2008-11-03 Use a global asm statement for CORO_ASM, idea by pippijn.
 * 2008-11-05 Hopefully fix misaligned stacks with CORO_ASM/SETJMP.
 * 2008-11-07 rbp wasn't saved in CORO_ASM on x86_64.
 *            introduce coro_destroy, which is a nop except for pthreads.
 *            speed up CORO_PTHREAD. Do no longer leak threads either.
 *            coro_create now allows one to create source coro_contexts.
 *            do not rely on makecontext passing a void * correctly.
 *            try harder to get _setjmp/_longjmp.
 *            major code cleanup/restructuring.
 * 2008-11-10 the .cfi hacks are no longer needed.
 * 2008-11-16 work around a freebsd pthread bug.
 * 2008-11-19 define coro_*jmp symbols for easier porting.
 * 2009-06-23 tentative win32-backend support for mingw32 (Yasuhiro Matsumoto).
 * 2010-12-03 tentative support for uclibc (which lacks all sorts of things).
 * 2011-05-30 set initial callee-saved-registers to zero with CORO_ASM.
 *            use .cfi_undefined rip on linux-amd64 for better backtraces.
 * 2011-06-08 maybe properly implement weird windows amd64 calling conventions.
 * 2011-07-03 rely on __GCC_HAVE_DWARF2_CFI_ASM for cfi detection.
 * 2011-08-08 cygwin trashes stacks, use pthreads with double stack on cygwin.
 * 2012-12-04 reduce misprediction penalty for x86/amd64 assembly switcher.
 * 2012-12-05 experimental fiber backend (allocates stack twice).
 * 2012-12-07 API version 3 - add coro_stack_alloc/coro_stack_free.
 * 2012-12-21 valgrind stack registering was broken.
 * 2015-12-05 experimental asm be for arm7, based on a patch by Nick Zavaritsky.
 *            use __name__ for predefined symbols, as in libecb.
 *            enable guard pages on arm, aarch64 and mips.
 * 2016-08-27 try to disable _FORTIFY_SOURCE with CORO_SJLJ, as it
 *            breaks setjmp/longjmp. Also disable CORO_ASM for asm by default,
 *            as it was reported to crash.
 * 2016-11-18 experimental fix for gcc 6 on amd64 (missing cfi_startproc).
 */

#ifndef CORO_H
#define CORO_H

#if __cplusplus
extern "C" {
#endif

/*
 * This library consists of only three files
 * coro.h, coro.c and LICENSE (and optionally README)
 *
 * It implements what is known as coroutines, in a hopefully
 * portable way.
 *
 * All compiletime symbols must be defined both when including coro.h
 * (using libcoro) as well as when compiling coro.c (the implementation).
 *
 * You can manually specify which flavour you want. If you don't define
 * any of these, libcoro tries to choose a safe and fast default:
 *
 * -DCORO_UCONTEXT
 *
 *    This flavour uses SUSv2's get/set/swap/makecontext functions that
 *    unfortunately only some unices support, and is quite slow.
 *
 * -DCORO_SJLJ
 *
 *    This flavour uses SUSv2's setjmp/longjmp and sigaltstack functions to
 *    do it's job. Coroutine creation is much slower than UCONTEXT, but
 *    context switching is a bit cheaper. It should work on almost all unices.
 *
 * -DCORO_LINUX
 *
 *    CORO_SJLJ variant.
 *    Old GNU/Linux systems (<= glibc-2.1) only work with this implementation
 *    (it is very fast and therefore recommended over other methods, but
 *    doesn't work with anything newer).
 *
 * -DCORO_LOSER
 *
 *    CORO_SJLJ variant.
 *    Microsoft's highly proprietary platform doesn't support sigaltstack, and
 *    this selects a suitable workaround for this platform. It might not work
 *    with your compiler though - it has only been tested with MSVC 6.
 *
 * -DCORO_FIBER
 *
 *    Slower, but probably more portable variant for the Microsoft operating
 *    system, using fibers. Ignores the passed stack and allocates it internally.
 *    Also, due to bugs in cygwin, this does not work with cygwin.
 *
 * -DCORO_IRIX
 *
 *    CORO_SJLJ variant.
 *    For SGI's version of Microsoft's NT ;)
 *
 * -DCORO_ASM
 *
 *    Hand coded assembly, known to work only on a few architectures/ABI:
 *    GCC + arm7/x86/IA32/amd64/x86_64 + GNU/Linux and a few BSDs. Fastest
 *    choice, if it works.
 *
 * -DCORO_PTHREAD
 *
 *    Use the pthread API. You have to provide <pthread.h> and -lpthread.
 *    This is likely the slowest backend, and it also does not support fork(),
 *    so avoid it at all costs.
 *
 * If you define neither of these symbols, coro.h will try to autodetect
 * the best/safest model. To help with the autodetection, you should check
 * (e.g. using autoconf) and define the following symbols: HAVE_UCONTEXT_H
 * / HAVE_SETJMP_H / HAVE_SIGALTSTACK.
 */

/*
 * Changes when the API changes incompatibly.
 * This is ONLY the API version - there is no ABI compatibility between releases.
 *
 * Changes in API version 2:
 * replaced bogus -DCORO_LOOSE with grammatically more correct -DCORO_LOSER
 * Changes in API version 3:
 * introduced stack management (CORO_STACKALLOC)
 */
#define CORO_VERSION 3

#include <stddef.h>

/*
 * This is the type for the initialization function of a new coroutine.
 */
typedef void (*coro_func)(void *);

/*
 * A coroutine state is saved in the following structure. Treat it as an
 * opaque type. errno and sigmask might be saved, but don't rely on it,
 * implement your own switching primitive if you need that.
 */
typedef struct coro_context coro_context;

/*
 * This function creates a new coroutine. Apart from a pointer to an
 * uninitialised coro_context, it expects a pointer to the entry function
 * and the single pointer value that is given to it as argument.
 *
 * Allocating/deallocating the stack is your own responsibility.
 *
 * As a special case, if coro, arg, sptr and ssze are all zero,
 * then an "empty" coro_context will be created that is suitable
 * as an initial source for coro_transfer.
 *
 * This function is not reentrant, but putting a mutex around it
 * will work.
 */
void coro_create (coro_context *ctx, /* an uninitialised coro_context */
                  coro_func coro,    /* the coroutine code to be executed */
                  void *arg,         /* a single pointer passed to the coro */
                  void *sptr,        /* start of stack area */
                  size_t ssze);      /* size of stack area in bytes */

/*
 * The following prototype defines the coroutine switching function. It is
 * sometimes implemented as a macro, so watch out.
 *
 * This function is thread-safe and reentrant.
 */
#if 0
void coro_transfer (coro_context *prev, coro_context *next);
#endif

/*
 * The following prototype defines the coroutine destroy function. It
 * is sometimes implemented as a macro, so watch out. It also serves no
 * purpose unless you want to use the CORO_PTHREAD backend, where it is
 * used to clean up the thread. You are responsible for freeing the stack
 * and the context itself.
 *
 * This function is thread-safe and reentrant.
 */
#if 0
void coro_destroy (coro_context *ctx);
#endif

/*****************************************************************************/
/* optional stack management                                                 */
/*****************************************************************************/
/*
 * You can disable all of the stack management functions by
 * defining CORO_STACKALLOC to 0. Otherwise, they are enabled by default.
 *
 * If stack management is enabled, you can influence the implementation via these
 * symbols:
 *
 * -DCORO_USE_VALGRIND
 *
 *    If defined, then libcoro will include valgrind/valgrind.h and register
 *    and unregister stacks with valgrind.
 *
 * -DCORO_GUARDPAGES=n
 *
 *    libcoro will try to use the specified number of guard pages to protect against
 *    stack overflow. If n is 0, then the feature will be disabled. If it isn't
 *    defined, then libcoro will choose a suitable default. If guardpages are not
 *    supported on the platform, then the feature will be silently disabled.
 */
#ifndef CORO_STACKALLOC
# define CORO_STACKALLOC 1
#endif

#if CORO_STACKALLOC

/*
 * The only allowed operations on these struct members is to read the
 * "sptr" and "ssze" members to pass it to coro_create, to read the "sptr"
 * member to see if it is false, in which case the stack isn't allocated,
 * and to set the "sptr" member to 0, to indicate to coro_stack_free to
 * not actually do anything.
 */

struct coro_stack
{
  void *sptr;
  size_t ssze;
#if CORO_USE_VALGRIND
  int valgrind_id;
#endif
};

/*
 * Try to allocate a stack of at least the given size and return true if
 * successful, or false otherwise.
 *
 * The size is *NOT* specified in bytes, but in units of sizeof (void *),
 * i.e. the stack is typically 4(8) times larger on 32 bit(64 bit) platforms
 * then the size passed in.
 *
 * If size is 0, then a "suitable" stack size is chosen (usually 1-2MB).
 */
int coro_stack_alloc (struct coro_stack *stack, unsigned int size);

/*
 * Free the stack allocated by coro_stack_alloc again. It is safe to
 * call this function on the coro_stack structure even if coro_stack_alloc
 * failed.
 */
void coro_stack_free (struct coro_stack *stack);

#endif

/*
 * That was it. No other user-serviceable parts below here.
 */

/*****************************************************************************/

#if !defined CORO_LOSER      && !defined CORO_UCONTEXT \
    && !defined CORO_SJLJ    && !defined CORO_LINUX \
    && !defined CORO_IRIX    && !defined CORO_ASM \
    && !defined CORO_PTHREAD && !defined CORO_FIBER
# if defined WINDOWS && (defined __i386__ || (__x86_64__ || defined _M_IX86 || defined _M_AMD64)
#  define CORO_ASM 1
# elif defined WINDOWS || defined _WIN32
#  define CORO_LOSER 1 /* you don't win with windoze */
# elif __linux && (__i386__ || (__x86_64__ && !__ILP32__) /*|| (__arm__ && __ARM_ARCH == 7)), not working */
#  define CORO_ASM 1
# elif defined HAVE_UCONTEXT_H
#  define CORO_UCONTEXT 1
# elif defined HAVE_SETJMP_H && defined HAVE_SIGALTSTACK
#  define CORO_SJLJ 1
# else
error unknown or unsupported architecture
# endif
#endif

/*****************************************************************************/

#if CORO_UCONTEXT

# include <ucontext.h>

struct coro_context
{
  ucontext_t uc;
};

# define coro_transfer(p,n) swapcontext (&((p)->uc), &((n)->uc))
# define coro_destroy(ctx) (void *)(ctx)

#elif CORO_SJLJ || CORO_LOSER || CORO_LINUX || CORO_IRIX

# if defined(CORO_LINUX) && !defined(_GNU_SOURCE)
#  define _GNU_SOURCE /* for glibc */
# endif

/* try to disable well-meant but buggy checks in some libcs */
# ifdef _FORTIFY_SOURCE
#  undef _FORTIFY_SOURCE
#  undef __USE_FORTIFY_LEVEL /* helps some more when too much has been included already */
# endif

# if !CORO_LOSER
#  include <unistd.h>
# endif

/* solaris is hopelessly borked, it expands _XOPEN_UNIX to nothing */
# if __sun
#  undef _XOPEN_UNIX
#  define _XOPEN_UNIX 1
# endif

# include <setjmp.h>

# if _XOPEN_UNIX > 0 || defined (_setjmp)
#  define coro_jmp_buf      jmp_buf
#  define coro_setjmp(env)  _setjmp (env)
#  define coro_longjmp(env) _longjmp ((env), 1)
# elif CORO_LOSER
#  define coro_jmp_buf      jmp_buf
#  define coro_setjmp(env)  setjmp (env)
#  define coro_longjmp(env) longjmp ((env), 1)
# else
#  define coro_jmp_buf      sigjmp_buf
#  define coro_setjmp(env)  sigsetjmp (env, 0)
#  define coro_longjmp(env) siglongjmp ((env), 1)
# endif

struct coro_context
{
  coro_jmp_buf env;
};

# define coro_transfer(p,n) do { if (!coro_setjmp ((p)->env)) coro_longjmp ((n)->env); } while (0)
# define coro_destroy(ctx) (void *)(ctx)

#elif CORO_ASM

struct coro_context
{
  void **sp; /* must be at offset 0 */
};

#if __i386__ || __x86_64__
void __attribute__ ((__noinline__, __regparm__(2)))
#else
void __attribute__ ((__noinline__))
#endif
coro_transfer (coro_context *prev, coro_context *next);

# define coro_destroy(ctx) (void *)(ctx)

#elif CORO_PTHREAD

# include <pthread.h>

extern pthread_mutex_t coro_mutex;

struct coro_context
{
  pthread_cond_t cv;
  pthread_t id;
};

void coro_transfer (coro_context *prev, coro_context *next);
void coro_destroy (coro_context *ctx);

#elif CORO_FIBER

struct coro_context
{
  void *fiber;
  /* only used for initialisation */
  coro_func coro;
  void *arg;
};

void coro_transfer (coro_context *prev, coro_context *next);
void coro_destroy (coro_context *ctx);

#endif

#if __cplusplus
}
#endif

#endif

Revision:	1.59
Committed:	Fri Nov 18 05:45:00 2016 UTC (7 years, 6 months ago) by root
Content type:	text/plain
Branch:	MAIN
Changes since 1.58:	+1 -0 lines
Log Message:	* empty log message *
#	Content
1	/*
2	* Copyright (c) 2001-2012,2015 Marc Alexander Lehmann <schmorp@schmorp.de>
3	*
4	* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modifica-
5	* tion, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
6	*
7	* 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
8	* this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
9	*
10	* 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11	* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12	* documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13	*
14	* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED
15	* WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MER-
16	* CHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO
17	* EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPE-
18	* CIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
19	* PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS;
20	* OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY,
21	* WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTH-
22	* ERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED
23	* OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
24	*
25	* Alternatively, the contents of this file may be used under the terms of
26	* the GNU General Public License ("GPL") version 2 or any later version,
27	* in which case the provisions of the GPL are applicable instead of
28	* the above. If you wish to allow the use of your version of this file
29	* only under the terms of the GPL and not to allow others to use your
30	* version of this file under the BSD license, indicate your decision
31	* by deleting the provisions above and replace them with the notice
32	* and other provisions required by the GPL. If you do not delete the
33	* provisions above, a recipient may use your version of this file under
34	* either the BSD or the GPL.
35	*
36	* This library is modelled strictly after Ralf S. Engelschalls article at
37	* http://www.gnu.org/software/pth/rse-pmt.ps. So most of the credit must
38	* go to Ralf S. Engelschall <rse@engelschall.com>.
39	*
40	* This coroutine library is very much stripped down. You should either
41	* build your own process abstraction using it or - better - just use GNU
42	* Portable Threads, http://www.gnu.org/software/pth/.
43	*
44	*/
45
46	/*
47	* 2006-10-26 Include stddef.h on OS X to work around one of its bugs.
48	* Reported by Michael_G_Schwern.
49	* 2006-11-26 Use _setjmp instead of setjmp on GNU/Linux.
50	* 2007-04-27 Set unwind frame info if gcc 3+ and ELF is detected.
51	* Use _setjmp instead of setjmp on _XOPEN_SOURCE >= 600.
52	* 2007-05-02 Add assembly versions for x86 and amd64 (to avoid reliance
53	* on SIGUSR2 and sigaltstack in Crossfire).
54	* 2008-01-21 Disable CFI usage on anything but GNU/Linux.
55	* 2008-03-02 Switched to 2-clause BSD license with GPL exception.
56	* 2008-04-04 New (but highly unrecommended) pthreads backend.
57	* 2008-04-24 Reinstate CORO_LOSER (had wrong stack adjustments).
58	* 2008-10-30 Support assembly method on x86 with and without frame pointer.
59	* 2008-11-03 Use a global asm statement for CORO_ASM, idea by pippijn.
60	* 2008-11-05 Hopefully fix misaligned stacks with CORO_ASM/SETJMP.
61	* 2008-11-07 rbp wasn't saved in CORO_ASM on x86_64.
62	* introduce coro_destroy, which is a nop except for pthreads.
63	* speed up CORO_PTHREAD. Do no longer leak threads either.
64	* coro_create now allows one to create source coro_contexts.
65	* do not rely on makecontext passing a void * correctly.
66	* try harder to get _setjmp/_longjmp.
67	* major code cleanup/restructuring.
68	* 2008-11-10 the .cfi hacks are no longer needed.
69	* 2008-11-16 work around a freebsd pthread bug.
70	* 2008-11-19 define coro_*jmp symbols for easier porting.
71	* 2009-06-23 tentative win32-backend support for mingw32 (Yasuhiro Matsumoto).
72	* 2010-12-03 tentative support for uclibc (which lacks all sorts of things).
73	* 2011-05-30 set initial callee-saved-registers to zero with CORO_ASM.
74	* use .cfi_undefined rip on linux-amd64 for better backtraces.
75	* 2011-06-08 maybe properly implement weird windows amd64 calling conventions.
76	* 2011-07-03 rely on __GCC_HAVE_DWARF2_CFI_ASM for cfi detection.
77	* 2011-08-08 cygwin trashes stacks, use pthreads with double stack on cygwin.
78	* 2012-12-04 reduce misprediction penalty for x86/amd64 assembly switcher.
79	* 2012-12-05 experimental fiber backend (allocates stack twice).
80	* 2012-12-07 API version 3 - add coro_stack_alloc/coro_stack_free.
81	* 2012-12-21 valgrind stack registering was broken.
82	* 2015-12-05 experimental asm be for arm7, based on a patch by Nick Zavaritsky.
83	* use __name__ for predefined symbols, as in libecb.
84	* enable guard pages on arm, aarch64 and mips.
85	* 2016-08-27 try to disable _FORTIFY_SOURCE with CORO_SJLJ, as it
86	* breaks setjmp/longjmp. Also disable CORO_ASM for asm by default,
87	* as it was reported to crash.
88	* 2016-11-18 experimental fix for gcc 6 on amd64 (missing cfi_startproc).
89	*/
90
91	#ifndef CORO_H
92	#define CORO_H
93
94	#if __cplusplus
95	extern "C" {
96	#endif
97
98	/*
99	* This library consists of only three files
100	* coro.h, coro.c and LICENSE (and optionally README)
101	*
102	* It implements what is known as coroutines, in a hopefully
103	* portable way.
104	*
105	* All compiletime symbols must be defined both when including coro.h
106	* (using libcoro) as well as when compiling coro.c (the implementation).
107	*
108	* You can manually specify which flavour you want. If you don't define
109	* any of these, libcoro tries to choose a safe and fast default:
110	*
111	* -DCORO_UCONTEXT
112	*
113	* This flavour uses SUSv2's get/set/swap/makecontext functions that
114	* unfortunately only some unices support, and is quite slow.
115	*
116	* -DCORO_SJLJ
117	*
118	* This flavour uses SUSv2's setjmp/longjmp and sigaltstack functions to
119	* do it's job. Coroutine creation is much slower than UCONTEXT, but
120	* context switching is a bit cheaper. It should work on almost all unices.
121	*
122	* -DCORO_LINUX
123	*
124	* CORO_SJLJ variant.
125	* Old GNU/Linux systems (<= glibc-2.1) only work with this implementation
126	* (it is very fast and therefore recommended over other methods, but
127	* doesn't work with anything newer).
128	*
129	* -DCORO_LOSER
130	*
131	* CORO_SJLJ variant.
132	* Microsoft's highly proprietary platform doesn't support sigaltstack, and
133	* this selects a suitable workaround for this platform. It might not work
134	* with your compiler though - it has only been tested with MSVC 6.
135	*
136	* -DCORO_FIBER
137	*
138	* Slower, but probably more portable variant for the Microsoft operating
139	* system, using fibers. Ignores the passed stack and allocates it internally.
140	* Also, due to bugs in cygwin, this does not work with cygwin.
141	*
142	* -DCORO_IRIX
143	*
144	* CORO_SJLJ variant.
145	* For SGI's version of Microsoft's NT ;)
146	*
147	* -DCORO_ASM
148	*
149	* Hand coded assembly, known to work only on a few architectures/ABI:
150	* GCC + arm7/x86/IA32/amd64/x86_64 + GNU/Linux and a few BSDs. Fastest
151	* choice, if it works.
152	*
153	* -DCORO_PTHREAD
154	*
155	* Use the pthread API. You have to provide <pthread.h> and -lpthread.
156	* This is likely the slowest backend, and it also does not support fork(),
157	* so avoid it at all costs.
158	*
159	* If you define neither of these symbols, coro.h will try to autodetect
160	* the best/safest model. To help with the autodetection, you should check
161	* (e.g. using autoconf) and define the following symbols: HAVE_UCONTEXT_H
162	* / HAVE_SETJMP_H / HAVE_SIGALTSTACK.
163	*/
164
165	/*
166	* Changes when the API changes incompatibly.
167	* This is ONLY the API version - there is no ABI compatibility between releases.
168	*
169	* Changes in API version 2:
170	* replaced bogus -DCORO_LOOSE with grammatically more correct -DCORO_LOSER
171	* Changes in API version 3:
172	* introduced stack management (CORO_STACKALLOC)
173	*/
174	#define CORO_VERSION 3
175
176	#include <stddef.h>
177
178	/*
179	* This is the type for the initialization function of a new coroutine.
180	*/
181	typedef void (coro_func)(void );
182
183	/*
184	* A coroutine state is saved in the following structure. Treat it as an
185	* opaque type. errno and sigmask might be saved, but don't rely on it,
186	* implement your own switching primitive if you need that.
187	*/
188	typedef struct coro_context coro_context;
189
190	/*
191	* This function creates a new coroutine. Apart from a pointer to an
192	* uninitialised coro_context, it expects a pointer to the entry function
193	* and the single pointer value that is given to it as argument.
194	*
195	* Allocating/deallocating the stack is your own responsibility.
196	*
197	* As a special case, if coro, arg, sptr and ssze are all zero,
198	* then an "empty" coro_context will be created that is suitable
199	* as an initial source for coro_transfer.
200	*
201	* This function is not reentrant, but putting a mutex around it
202	* will work.
203	*/
204	void coro_create (coro_context ctx, / an uninitialised coro_context */
205	coro_func coro, /* the coroutine code to be executed */
206	void arg, / a single pointer passed to the coro */
207	void sptr, / start of stack area */
208	size_t ssze); /* size of stack area in bytes */
209
210	/*
211	* The following prototype defines the coroutine switching function. It is
212	* sometimes implemented as a macro, so watch out.
213	*
214	* This function is thread-safe and reentrant.
215	*/
216	#if 0
217	void coro_transfer (coro_context prev, coro_context next);
218	#endif
219
220	/*
221	* The following prototype defines the coroutine destroy function. It
222	* is sometimes implemented as a macro, so watch out. It also serves no
223	* purpose unless you want to use the CORO_PTHREAD backend, where it is
224	* used to clean up the thread. You are responsible for freeing the stack
225	* and the context itself.
226	*
227	* This function is thread-safe and reentrant.
228	*/
229	#if 0
230	void coro_destroy (coro_context *ctx);
231	#endif
232
233	/*****************************************************************************/
234	/* optional stack management */
235	/*****************************************************************************/
236	/*
237	* You can disable all of the stack management functions by
238	* defining CORO_STACKALLOC to 0. Otherwise, they are enabled by default.
239	*
240	* If stack management is enabled, you can influence the implementation via these
241	* symbols:
242	*
243	* -DCORO_USE_VALGRIND
244	*
245	* If defined, then libcoro will include valgrind/valgrind.h and register
246	* and unregister stacks with valgrind.
247	*
248	* -DCORO_GUARDPAGES=n
249	*
250	* libcoro will try to use the specified number of guard pages to protect against
251	* stack overflow. If n is 0, then the feature will be disabled. If it isn't
252	* defined, then libcoro will choose a suitable default. If guardpages are not
253	* supported on the platform, then the feature will be silently disabled.
254	*/
255	#ifndef CORO_STACKALLOC
256	# define CORO_STACKALLOC 1
257	#endif
258
259	#if CORO_STACKALLOC
260
261	/*
262	* The only allowed operations on these struct members is to read the
263	* "sptr" and "ssze" members to pass it to coro_create, to read the "sptr"
264	* member to see if it is false, in which case the stack isn't allocated,
265	* and to set the "sptr" member to 0, to indicate to coro_stack_free to
266	* not actually do anything.
267	*/
268
269	struct coro_stack
270	{
271	void *sptr;
272	size_t ssze;
273	#if CORO_USE_VALGRIND
274	int valgrind_id;
275	#endif
276	};
277
278	/*
279	* Try to allocate a stack of at least the given size and return true if
280	* successful, or false otherwise.
281	*
282	* The size is NOT specified in bytes, but in units of sizeof (void *),
283	* i.e. the stack is typically 4(8) times larger on 32 bit(64 bit) platforms
284	* then the size passed in.
285	*
286	* If size is 0, then a "suitable" stack size is chosen (usually 1-2MB).
287	*/
288	int coro_stack_alloc (struct coro_stack *stack, unsigned int size);
289
290	/*
291	* Free the stack allocated by coro_stack_alloc again. It is safe to
292	* call this function on the coro_stack structure even if coro_stack_alloc
293	* failed.
294	*/
295	void coro_stack_free (struct coro_stack *stack);
296
297	#endif
298
299	/*
300	* That was it. No other user-serviceable parts below here.
301	*/
302
303	/*****************************************************************************/
304
305	#if !defined CORO_LOSER && !defined CORO_UCONTEXT \
306	&& !defined CORO_SJLJ && !defined CORO_LINUX \
307	&& !defined CORO_IRIX && !defined CORO_ASM \
308	&& !defined CORO_PTHREAD && !defined CORO_FIBER
309	# if defined WINDOWS && (defined __i386__ \|\| (__x86_64__ \|\| defined _M_IX86 \|\| defined _M_AMD64)
310	# define CORO_ASM 1
311	# elif defined WINDOWS \|\| defined _WIN32
312	# define CORO_LOSER 1 /* you don't win with windoze */
313	# elif __linux && (__i386__ \|\| (__x86_64__ && !__ILP32__) /\|\| (__arm__ && __ARM_ARCH == 7)), not working /
314	# define CORO_ASM 1
315	# elif defined HAVE_UCONTEXT_H
316	# define CORO_UCONTEXT 1
317	# elif defined HAVE_SETJMP_H && defined HAVE_SIGALTSTACK
318	# define CORO_SJLJ 1
319	# else
320	error unknown or unsupported architecture
321	# endif
322	#endif
323
324	/*****************************************************************************/
325
326	#if CORO_UCONTEXT
327
328	# include <ucontext.h>
329
330	struct coro_context
331	{
332	ucontext_t uc;
333	};
334
335	# define coro_transfer(p,n) swapcontext (&((p)->uc), &((n)->uc))
336	# define coro_destroy(ctx) (void *)(ctx)
337
338	#elif CORO_SJLJ \|\| CORO_LOSER \|\| CORO_LINUX \|\| CORO_IRIX
339
340	# if defined(CORO_LINUX) && !defined(_GNU_SOURCE)
341	# define _GNU_SOURCE /* for glibc */
342	# endif
343
344	/* try to disable well-meant but buggy checks in some libcs */
345	# ifdef _FORTIFY_SOURCE
346	# undef _FORTIFY_SOURCE
347	# undef __USE_FORTIFY_LEVEL /* helps some more when too much has been included already */
348	# endif
349
350	# if !CORO_LOSER
351	# include <unistd.h>
352	# endif
353
354	/* solaris is hopelessly borked, it expands _XOPEN_UNIX to nothing */
355	# if __sun
356	# undef _XOPEN_UNIX
357	# define _XOPEN_UNIX 1
358	# endif
359
360	# include <setjmp.h>
361
362	# if _XOPEN_UNIX > 0 \|\| defined (_setjmp)
363	# define coro_jmp_buf jmp_buf
364	# define coro_setjmp(env) _setjmp (env)
365	# define coro_longjmp(env) _longjmp ((env), 1)
366	# elif CORO_LOSER
367	# define coro_jmp_buf jmp_buf
368	# define coro_setjmp(env) setjmp (env)
369	# define coro_longjmp(env) longjmp ((env), 1)
370	# else
371	# define coro_jmp_buf sigjmp_buf
372	# define coro_setjmp(env) sigsetjmp (env, 0)
373	# define coro_longjmp(env) siglongjmp ((env), 1)
374	# endif
375
376	struct coro_context
377	{
378	coro_jmp_buf env;
379	};
380
381	# define coro_transfer(p,n) do { if (!coro_setjmp ((p)->env)) coro_longjmp ((n)->env); } while (0)
382	# define coro_destroy(ctx) (void *)(ctx)
383
384	#elif CORO_ASM
385
386	struct coro_context
387	{
388	void *sp; / must be at offset 0 */
389	};
390
391	#if __i386__ \|\| __x86_64__
392	void __attribute__ ((__noinline__, __regparm__(2)))
393	#else
394	void __attribute__ ((__noinline__))
395	#endif
396	coro_transfer (coro_context prev, coro_context next);
397
398	# define coro_destroy(ctx) (void *)(ctx)
399
400	#elif CORO_PTHREAD
401
402	# include <pthread.h>
403
404	extern pthread_mutex_t coro_mutex;
405
406	struct coro_context
407	{
408	pthread_cond_t cv;
409	pthread_t id;
410	};
411
412	void coro_transfer (coro_context prev, coro_context next);
413	void coro_destroy (coro_context *ctx);
414
415	#elif CORO_FIBER
416
417	struct coro_context
418	{
419	void *fiber;
420	/* only used for initialisation */
421	coro_func coro;
422	void *arg;
423	};
424
425	void coro_transfer (coro_context prev, coro_context next);
426	void coro_destroy (coro_context *ctx);
427
428	#endif
429
430	#if __cplusplus
431	}
432	#endif
433
434	#endif
435