[ViewVC] Diff of: cvs/libev/ev.3

Comparing libev/ev.3 (file contents):
Revision 1.19 by root, Sat Nov 24 16:57:38 2007 UTC vs.
Revision 1.35 by root, Thu Nov 29 17:28:13 2007 UTC

…		…
127	.\}	127	.\}
128	.rm #[ #] #H #V #F C	128	.rm #[ #] #H #V #F C
129	.\" ========================================================================	129	.\" ========================================================================
130	.\"	130	.\"
131	.IX Title ""<STANDARD INPUT>" 1"	131	.IX Title ""<STANDARD INPUT>" 1"
132	.TH "<STANDARD INPUT>" 1 "2007-11-24" "perl v5.8.8" "User Contributed Perl Documentation"	132	.TH "<STANDARD INPUT>" 1 "2007-11-29" "perl v5.8.8" "User Contributed Perl Documentation"
133	.SH "NAME"	133	.SH "NAME"
134	libev \- a high performance full\-featured event loop written in C	134	libev \- a high performance full\-featured event loop written in C
135	.SH "SYNOPSIS"	135	.SH "SYNOPSIS"
136	.IX Header "SYNOPSIS"	136	.IX Header "SYNOPSIS"
137	.Vb 1	137	.Vb 1
138	\& #include <ev.h>	138	\& #include <ev.h>
139	.Ve	139	.Ve
		140	.SH "EXAMPLE PROGRAM"
		141	.IX Header "EXAMPLE PROGRAM"
		142	.Vb 1
		143	\& #include <ev.h>
		144	.Ve
		145	.PP
		146	.Vb 2
		147	\& ev_io stdin_watcher;
		148	\& ev_timer timeout_watcher;
		149	.Ve
		150	.PP
		151	.Vb 8
		152	\& /* called when data readable on stdin */
		153	\& static void
		154	\& stdin_cb (EV_P_ struct ev_io *w, int revents)
		155	\& {
		156	\& /* puts ("stdin ready"); */
		157	\& ev_io_stop (EV_A_ w); /* just a syntax example */
		158	\& ev_unloop (EV_A_ EVUNLOOP_ALL); /* leave all loop calls */
		159	\& }
		160	.Ve
		161	.PP
		162	.Vb 6
		163	\& static void
		164	\& timeout_cb (EV_P_ struct ev_timer *w, int revents)
		165	\& {
		166	\& /* puts ("timeout"); */
		167	\& ev_unloop (EV_A_ EVUNLOOP_ONE); /* leave one loop call */
		168	\& }
		169	.Ve
		170	.PP
		171	.Vb 4
		172	\& int
		173	\& main (void)
		174	\& {
		175	\& struct ev_loop *loop = ev_default_loop (0);
		176	.Ve
		177	.PP
		178	.Vb 3
		179	\& /* initialise an io watcher, then start it */
		180	\& ev_io_init (&stdin_watcher, stdin_cb, /STDIN_FILENO/ 0, EV_READ);
		181	\& ev_io_start (loop, &stdin_watcher);
		182	.Ve
		183	.PP
		184	.Vb 3
		185	\& /* simple non-repeating 5.5 second timeout */
		186	\& ev_timer_init (&timeout_watcher, timeout_cb, 5.5, 0.);
		187	\& ev_timer_start (loop, &timeout_watcher);
		188	.Ve
		189	.PP
		190	.Vb 2
		191	\& /* loop till timeout or data ready */
		192	\& ev_loop (loop, 0);
		193	.Ve
		194	.PP
		195	.Vb 2
		196	\& return 0;
		197	\& }
		198	.Ve
140	.SH "DESCRIPTION"	199	.SH "DESCRIPTION"
141	.IX Header "DESCRIPTION"	200	.IX Header "DESCRIPTION"
142	Libev is an event loop: you register interest in certain events (such as a	201	Libev is an event loop: you register interest in certain events (such as a
143	file descriptor being readable or a timeout occuring), and it will manage	202	file descriptor being readable or a timeout occuring), and it will manage
144	these event sources and provide your program with events.	203	these event sources and provide your program with events.
…		…
151	watchers\fR, which are relatively small C structures you initialise with the	210	watchers\fR, which are relatively small C structures you initialise with the
152	details of the event, and then hand it over to libev by \fIstarting\fR the	211	details of the event, and then hand it over to libev by \fIstarting\fR the
153	watcher.	212	watcher.
154	.SH "FEATURES"	213	.SH "FEATURES"
155	.IX Header "FEATURES"	214	.IX Header "FEATURES"
156	Libev supports select, poll, the linux-specific epoll and the bsd-specific	215	Libev supports \f(CW\(C`select\(C'\fR, \f(CW\(C`poll\(C'\fR, the Linux-specific \f(CW\(C`epoll\(C'\fR, the
157	kqueue mechanisms for file descriptor events, relative timers, absolute	216	BSD-specific \f(CW\(C`kqueue\(C'\fR and the Solaris-specific event port mechanisms
158	timers with customised rescheduling, signal events, process status change	217	for file descriptor events (\f(CW\(C`ev_io\(C'\fR), the Linux \f(CW\(C`inotify\(C'\fR interface
159	events (related to \s-1SIGCHLD\s0), and event watchers dealing with the event	218	(for \f(CW\(C`ev_stat\(C'\fR), relative timers (\f(CW\(C`ev_timer\(C'\fR), absolute timers
160	loop mechanism itself (idle, prepare and check watchers). It also is quite	219	with customised rescheduling (\f(CW\(C`ev_periodic\(C'\fR), synchronous signals
161	fast (see this benchmark comparing	220	(\f(CW\(C`ev_signal\(C'\fR), process status change events (\f(CW\(C`ev_child\(C'\fR), and event
162	it to libevent for example).	221	watchers dealing with the event loop mechanism itself (\f(CW\(C`ev_idle\(C'\fR,
		222	\&\f(CW\(C`ev_embed\(C'\fR, \f(CW\(C`ev_prepare\(C'\fR and \f(CW\(C`ev_check\(C'\fR watchers) as well as
		223	file watchers (\f(CW\(C`ev_stat\(C'\fR) and even limited support for fork events
		224	(\f(CW\(C`ev_fork\(C'\fR).
		225	.PP
		226	It also is quite fast (see this
		227	benchmark comparing it to libevent
		228	for example).
163	.SH "CONVENTIONS"	229	.SH "CONVENTIONS"
164	.IX Header "CONVENTIONS"	230	.IX Header "CONVENTIONS"
165	Libev is very configurable. In this manual the default configuration	231	Libev is very configurable. In this manual the default configuration will
166	will be described, which supports multiple event loops. For more info	232	be described, which supports multiple event loops. For more info about
167	about various configuration options please have a look at the file	233	various configuration options please have a look at \fB\s-1EMBED\s0\fR section in
168	\&\fI\s-1README\s0.embed\fR in the libev distribution. If libev was configured without	234	this manual. If libev was configured without support for multiple event
169	support for multiple event loops, then all functions taking an initial	235	loops, then all functions taking an initial argument of name \f(CW\(C`loop\(C'\fR
170	argument of name \f(CW\(C`loop\(C'\fR (which is always of type \f(CW\(C`struct ev_loop \*(C'\fR)	236	(which is always of type \f(CW\(C`struct ev_loop \*(C'\fR) will not have this argument.
171	will not have this argument.
172	.SH "TIME REPRESENTATION"	237	.SH "TIME REPRESENTATION"
173	.IX Header "TIME REPRESENTATION"	238	.IX Header "TIME REPRESENTATION"
174	Libev represents time as a single floating point number, representing the	239	Libev represents time as a single floating point number, representing the
175	(fractional) number of seconds since the (\s-1POSIX\s0) epoch (somewhere near	240	(fractional) number of seconds since the (\s-1POSIX\s0) epoch (somewhere near
176	the beginning of 1970, details are complicated, don't ask). This type is	241	the beginning of 1970, details are complicated, don't ask). This type is
…		…
201	Usually, it's a good idea to terminate if the major versions mismatch,	266	Usually, it's a good idea to terminate if the major versions mismatch,
202	as this indicates an incompatible change. Minor versions are usually	267	as this indicates an incompatible change. Minor versions are usually
203	compatible to older versions, so a larger minor version alone is usually	268	compatible to older versions, so a larger minor version alone is usually
204	not a problem.	269	not a problem.
205	.Sp	270	.Sp
206	Example: make sure we haven't accidentally been linked against the wrong	271	Example: Make sure we haven't accidentally been linked against the wrong
207	version:	272	version.
208	.Sp	273	.Sp
209	.Vb 3	274	.Vb 3
210	\& assert (("libev version mismatch",	275	\& assert (("libev version mismatch",
211	\& ev_version_major () == EV_VERSION_MAJOR	276	\& ev_version_major () == EV_VERSION_MAJOR
212	\& && ev_version_minor () >= EV_VERSION_MINOR));	277	\& && ev_version_minor () >= EV_VERSION_MINOR));
…		…
242	recommended ones.	307	recommended ones.
243	.Sp	308	.Sp
244	See the description of \f(CW\(C`ev_embed\(C'\fR watchers for more info.	309	See the description of \f(CW\(C`ev_embed\(C'\fR watchers for more info.
245	.IP "ev_set_allocator (void (cb)(void *ptr, long size))" 4	310	.IP "ev_set_allocator (void (cb)(void *ptr, long size))" 4
246	.IX Item "ev_set_allocator (void (cb)(void *ptr, long size))"	311	.IX Item "ev_set_allocator (void (cb)(void *ptr, long size))"
247	Sets the allocation function to use (the prototype is similar to the	312	Sets the allocation function to use (the prototype is similar \- the
248	realloc C function, the semantics are identical). It is used to allocate	313	semantics is identical \- to the realloc C function). It is used to
249	and free memory (no surprises here). If it returns zero when memory	314	allocate and free memory (no surprises here). If it returns zero when
250	needs to be allocated, the library might abort or take some potentially	315	memory needs to be allocated, the library might abort or take some
251	destructive action. The default is your system realloc function.	316	potentially destructive action. The default is your system realloc
		317	function.
252	.Sp	318	.Sp
253	You could override this function in high-availability programs to, say,	319	You could override this function in high-availability programs to, say,
254	free some memory if it cannot allocate memory, to use a special allocator,	320	free some memory if it cannot allocate memory, to use a special allocator,
255	or even to sleep a while and retry until some memory is available.	321	or even to sleep a while and retry until some memory is available.
256	.Sp	322	.Sp
257	Example: replace the libev allocator with one that waits a bit and then	323	Example: Replace the libev allocator with one that waits a bit and then
258	retries: better than mine).	324	retries).
259	.Sp	325	.Sp
260	.Vb 6	326	.Vb 6
261	\& static void *	327	\& static void *
262	\& persistent_realloc (void *ptr, long size)	328	\& persistent_realloc (void *ptr, size_t size)
263	\& {	329	\& {
264	\& for (;;)	330	\& for (;;)
265	\& {	331	\& {
266	\& void *newptr = realloc (ptr, size);	332	\& void *newptr = realloc (ptr, size);
267	.Ve	333	.Ve
…		…
289	callback is set, then libev will expect it to remedy the sitution, no	355	callback is set, then libev will expect it to remedy the sitution, no
290	matter what, when it returns. That is, libev will generally retry the	356	matter what, when it returns. That is, libev will generally retry the
291	requested operation, or, if the condition doesn't go away, do bad stuff	357	requested operation, or, if the condition doesn't go away, do bad stuff
292	(such as abort).	358	(such as abort).
293	.Sp	359	.Sp
294	Example: do the same thing as libev does internally:	360	Example: This is basically the same thing that libev does internally, too.
295	.Sp	361	.Sp
296	.Vb 6	362	.Vb 6
297	\& static void	363	\& static void
298	\& fatal_error (const char *msg)	364	\& fatal_error (const char *msg)
299	\& {	365	\& {
…		…
345	or setgid) then libev will \fInot\fR look at the environment variable	411	or setgid) then libev will \fInot\fR look at the environment variable
346	\&\f(CW\(C`LIBEV_FLAGS\(C'\fR. Otherwise (the default), this environment variable will	412	\&\f(CW\(C`LIBEV_FLAGS\(C'\fR. Otherwise (the default), this environment variable will
347	override the flags completely if it is found in the environment. This is	413	override the flags completely if it is found in the environment. This is
348	useful to try out specific backends to test their performance, or to work	414	useful to try out specific backends to test their performance, or to work
349	around bugs.	415	around bugs.
		416	.ie n .IP """EVFLAG_FORKCHECK""" 4
		417	.el .IP "\f(CWEVFLAG_FORKCHECK\fR" 4
		418	.IX Item "EVFLAG_FORKCHECK"
		419	Instead of calling \f(CW\(C`ev_default_fork\(C'\fR or \f(CW\(C`ev_loop_fork\(C'\fR manually after
		420	a fork, you can also make libev check for a fork in each iteration by
		421	enabling this flag.
		422	.Sp
		423	This works by calling \f(CW\(C`getpid ()\(C'\fR on every iteration of the loop,
		424	and thus this might slow down your event loop if you do a lot of loop
		425	iterations and little real work, but is usually not noticable (on my
		426	Linux system for example, \f(CW\(C`getpid\(C'\fR is actually a simple 5\-insn sequence
		427	without a syscall and thus \fIvery\fR fast, but my Linux system also has
		428	\&\f(CW\(C`pthread_atfork\(C'\fR which is even faster).
		429	.Sp
		430	The big advantage of this flag is that you can forget about fork (and
		431	forget about forgetting to tell libev about forking) when you use this
		432	flag.
		433	.Sp
		434	This flag setting cannot be overriden or specified in the \f(CW\(C`LIBEV_FLAGS\(C'\fR
		435	environment variable.
350	.ie n .IP """EVBACKEND_SELECT"" (value 1, portable select backend)" 4	436	.ie n .IP """EVBACKEND_SELECT"" (value 1, portable select backend)" 4
351	.el .IP "\f(CWEVBACKEND_SELECT\fR (value 1, portable select backend)" 4	437	.el .IP "\f(CWEVBACKEND_SELECT\fR (value 1, portable select backend)" 4
352	.IX Item "EVBACKEND_SELECT (value 1, portable select backend)"	438	.IX Item "EVBACKEND_SELECT (value 1, portable select backend)"
353	This is your standard \fIselect\fR\\|(2) backend. Not \fIcompletely\fR standard, as	439	This is your standard \fIselect\fR\\|(2) backend. Not \fIcompletely\fR standard, as
354	libev tries to roll its own fd_set with no limits on the number of fds,	440	libev tries to roll its own fd_set with no limits on the number of fds,
…		…
448	Similar to \f(CW\(C`ev_default_loop\(C'\fR, but always creates a new event loop that is	534	Similar to \f(CW\(C`ev_default_loop\(C'\fR, but always creates a new event loop that is
449	always distinct from the default loop. Unlike the default loop, it cannot	535	always distinct from the default loop. Unlike the default loop, it cannot
450	handle signal and child watchers, and attempts to do so will be greeted by	536	handle signal and child watchers, and attempts to do so will be greeted by
451	undefined behaviour (or a failed assertion if assertions are enabled).	537	undefined behaviour (or a failed assertion if assertions are enabled).
452	.Sp	538	.Sp
453	Example: try to create a event loop that uses epoll and nothing else.	539	Example: Try to create a event loop that uses epoll and nothing else.
454	.Sp	540	.Sp
455	.Vb 3	541	.Vb 3
456	\& struct ev_loop *epoller = ev_loop_new (EVBACKEND_EPOLL \| EVFLAG_NOENV);	542	\& struct ev_loop *epoller = ev_loop_new (EVBACKEND_EPOLL \| EVFLAG_NOENV);
457	\& if (!epoller)	543	\& if (!epoller)
458	\& fatal ("no epoll found here, maybe it hides under your chair");	544	\& fatal ("no epoll found here, maybe it hides under your chair");
…		…
556	\& be handled here by queueing them when their watcher gets executed.	642	\& be handled here by queueing them when their watcher gets executed.
557	\& - If ev_unloop has been called or EVLOOP_ONESHOT or EVLOOP_NONBLOCK	643	\& - If ev_unloop has been called or EVLOOP_ONESHOT or EVLOOP_NONBLOCK
558	\& were used, return, otherwise continue with step *.	644	\& were used, return, otherwise continue with step *.
559	.Ve	645	.Ve
560	.Sp	646	.Sp
561	Example: queue some jobs and then loop until no events are outsanding	647	Example: Queue some jobs and then loop until no events are outsanding
562	anymore.	648	anymore.
563	.Sp	649	.Sp
564	.Vb 4	650	.Vb 4
565	\& ... queue jobs here, make sure they register event watchers as long	651	\& ... queue jobs here, make sure they register event watchers as long
566	\& ... as they still have work to do (even an idle watcher will do..)	652	\& ... as they still have work to do (even an idle watcher will do..)
…		…
588	visible to the libev user and should not keep \f(CW\(C`ev_loop\(C'\fR from exiting if	674	visible to the libev user and should not keep \f(CW\(C`ev_loop\(C'\fR from exiting if
589	no event watchers registered by it are active. It is also an excellent	675	no event watchers registered by it are active. It is also an excellent
590	way to do this for generic recurring timers or from within third-party	676	way to do this for generic recurring timers or from within third-party
591	libraries. Just remember to \fIunref after start\fR and \fIref before stop\fR.	677	libraries. Just remember to \fIunref after start\fR and \fIref before stop\fR.
592	.Sp	678	.Sp
593	Example: create a signal watcher, but keep it from keeping \f(CW\(C`ev_loop\(C'\fR	679	Example: Create a signal watcher, but keep it from keeping \f(CW\(C`ev_loop\(C'\fR
594	running when nothing else is active.	680	running when nothing else is active.
595	.Sp	681	.Sp
596	.Vb 4	682	.Vb 4
597	\& struct dv_signal exitsig;	683	\& struct ev_signal exitsig;
598	\& ev_signal_init (&exitsig, sig_cb, SIGINT);	684	\& ev_signal_init (&exitsig, sig_cb, SIGINT);
599	\& ev_signal_start (myloop, &exitsig);	685	\& ev_signal_start (loop, &exitsig);
600	\& evf_unref (myloop);	686	\& evf_unref (loop);
601	.Ve	687	.Ve
602	.Sp	688	.Sp
603	Example: for some weird reason, unregister the above signal handler again.	689	Example: For some weird reason, unregister the above signal handler again.
604	.Sp	690	.Sp
605	.Vb 2	691	.Vb 2
606	\& ev_ref (myloop);	692	\& ev_ref (loop);
607	\& ev_signal_stop (myloop, &exitsig);	693	\& ev_signal_stop (loop, &exitsig);
608	.Ve	694	.Ve
609	.SH "ANATOMY OF A WATCHER"	695	.SH "ANATOMY OF A WATCHER"
610	.IX Header "ANATOMY OF A WATCHER"	696	.IX Header "ANATOMY OF A WATCHER"
611	A watcher is a structure that you create and register to record your	697	A watcher is a structure that you create and register to record your
612	interest in some event. For instance, if you want to wait for \s-1STDIN\s0 to	698	interest in some event. For instance, if you want to wait for \s-1STDIN\s0 to
…		…
684	The signal specified in the \f(CW\(C`ev_signal\(C'\fR watcher has been received by a thread.	770	The signal specified in the \f(CW\(C`ev_signal\(C'\fR watcher has been received by a thread.
685	.ie n .IP """EV_CHILD""" 4	771	.ie n .IP """EV_CHILD""" 4
686	.el .IP "\f(CWEV_CHILD\fR" 4	772	.el .IP "\f(CWEV_CHILD\fR" 4
687	.IX Item "EV_CHILD"	773	.IX Item "EV_CHILD"
688	The pid specified in the \f(CW\(C`ev_child\(C'\fR watcher has received a status change.	774	The pid specified in the \f(CW\(C`ev_child\(C'\fR watcher has received a status change.
		775	.ie n .IP """EV_STAT""" 4
		776	.el .IP "\f(CWEV_STAT\fR" 4
		777	.IX Item "EV_STAT"
		778	The path specified in the \f(CW\(C`ev_stat\(C'\fR watcher changed its attributes somehow.
689	.ie n .IP """EV_IDLE""" 4	779	.ie n .IP """EV_IDLE""" 4
690	.el .IP "\f(CWEV_IDLE\fR" 4	780	.el .IP "\f(CWEV_IDLE\fR" 4
691	.IX Item "EV_IDLE"	781	.IX Item "EV_IDLE"
692	The \f(CW\(C`ev_idle\(C'\fR watcher has determined that you have nothing better to do.	782	The \f(CW\(C`ev_idle\(C'\fR watcher has determined that you have nothing better to do.
693	.ie n .IP """EV_PREPARE""" 4	783	.ie n .IP """EV_PREPARE""" 4
…		…
703	\&\f(CW\(C`ev_loop\(C'\fR has gathered them, but before it invokes any callbacks for any	793	\&\f(CW\(C`ev_loop\(C'\fR has gathered them, but before it invokes any callbacks for any
704	received events. Callbacks of both watcher types can start and stop as	794	received events. Callbacks of both watcher types can start and stop as
705	many watchers as they want, and all of them will be taken into account	795	many watchers as they want, and all of them will be taken into account
706	(for example, a \f(CW\(C`ev_prepare\(C'\fR watcher might start an idle watcher to keep	796	(for example, a \f(CW\(C`ev_prepare\(C'\fR watcher might start an idle watcher to keep
707	\&\f(CW\(C`ev_loop\(C'\fR from blocking).	797	\&\f(CW\(C`ev_loop\(C'\fR from blocking).
		798	.ie n .IP """EV_EMBED""" 4
		799	.el .IP "\f(CWEV_EMBED\fR" 4
		800	.IX Item "EV_EMBED"
		801	The embedded event loop specified in the \f(CW\(C`ev_embed\(C'\fR watcher needs attention.
		802	.ie n .IP """EV_FORK""" 4
		803	.el .IP "\f(CWEV_FORK\fR" 4
		804	.IX Item "EV_FORK"
		805	The event loop has been resumed in the child process after fork (see
		806	\&\f(CW\(C`ev_fork\(C'\fR).
708	.ie n .IP """EV_ERROR""" 4	807	.ie n .IP """EV_ERROR""" 4
709	.el .IP "\f(CWEV_ERROR\fR" 4	808	.el .IP "\f(CWEV_ERROR\fR" 4
710	.IX Item "EV_ERROR"	809	.IX Item "EV_ERROR"
711	An unspecified error has occured, the watcher has been stopped. This might	810	An unspecified error has occured, the watcher has been stopped. This might
712	happen because the watcher could not be properly started because libev	811	happen because the watcher could not be properly started because libev
…		…
779	Returns a true value iff the watcher is pending, (i.e. it has outstanding	878	Returns a true value iff the watcher is pending, (i.e. it has outstanding
780	events but its callback has not yet been invoked). As long as a watcher	879	events but its callback has not yet been invoked). As long as a watcher
781	is pending (but not active) you must not call an init function on it (but	880	is pending (but not active) you must not call an init function on it (but
782	\&\f(CW\(C`ev_TYPE_set\(C'\fR is safe) and you must make sure the watcher is available to	881	\&\f(CW\(C`ev_TYPE_set\(C'\fR is safe) and you must make sure the watcher is available to
783	libev (e.g. you cnanot \f(CW\(C`free ()\(C'\fR it).	882	libev (e.g. you cnanot \f(CW\(C`free ()\(C'\fR it).
784	.IP "callback = ev_cb (ev_TYPE *watcher)" 4	883	.IP "callback ev_cb (ev_TYPE *watcher)" 4
785	.IX Item "callback = ev_cb (ev_TYPE *watcher)"	884	.IX Item "callback ev_cb (ev_TYPE *watcher)"
786	Returns the callback currently set on the watcher.	885	Returns the callback currently set on the watcher.
787	.IP "ev_cb_set (ev_TYPE *watcher, callback)" 4	886	.IP "ev_cb_set (ev_TYPE *watcher, callback)" 4
788	.IX Item "ev_cb_set (ev_TYPE *watcher, callback)"	887	.IX Item "ev_cb_set (ev_TYPE *watcher, callback)"
789	Change the callback. You can change the callback at virtually any time	888	Change the callback. You can change the callback at virtually any time
790	(modulo threads).	889	(modulo threads).
…		…
816	\& struct my_io w = (struct my_io )w_;	915	\& struct my_io w = (struct my_io )w_;
817	\& ...	916	\& ...
818	\& }	917	\& }
819	.Ve	918	.Ve
820	.PP	919	.PP
821	More interesting and less C\-conformant ways of catsing your callback type	920	More interesting and less C\-conformant ways of casting your callback type
822	have been omitted....	921	instead have been omitted.
		922	.PP
		923	Another common scenario is having some data structure with multiple
		924	watchers:
		925	.PP
		926	.Vb 6
		927	\& struct my_biggy
		928	\& {
		929	\& int some_data;
		930	\& ev_timer t1;
		931	\& ev_timer t2;
		932	\& }
		933	.Ve
		934	.PP
		935	In this case getting the pointer to \f(CW\(C`my_biggy\(C'\fR is a bit more complicated,
		936	you need to use \f(CW\(C`offsetof\(C'\fR:
		937	.PP
		938	.Vb 1
		939	\& #include <stddef.h>
		940	.Ve
		941	.PP
		942	.Vb 6
		943	\& static void
		944	\& t1_cb (EV_P_ struct ev_timer *w, int revents)
		945	\& {
		946	\& struct my_biggy big = (struct my_biggy *
		947	\& (((char *)w) - offsetof (struct my_biggy, t1));
		948	\& }
		949	.Ve
		950	.PP
		951	.Vb 6
		952	\& static void
		953	\& t2_cb (EV_P_ struct ev_timer *w, int revents)
		954	\& {
		955	\& struct my_biggy big = (struct my_biggy *
		956	\& (((char *)w) - offsetof (struct my_biggy, t2));
		957	\& }
		958	.Ve
823	.SH "WATCHER TYPES"	959	.SH "WATCHER TYPES"
824	.IX Header "WATCHER TYPES"	960	.IX Header "WATCHER TYPES"
825	This section describes each watcher in detail, but will not repeat	961	This section describes each watcher in detail, but will not repeat
826	information given in the last section.	962	information given in the last section. Any initialisation/set macros,
		963	functions and members specific to the watcher type are explained.
		964	.PP
		965	Members are additionally marked with either \fI[read\-only]\fR, meaning that,
		966	while the watcher is active, you can look at the member and expect some
		967	sensible content, but you must not modify it (you can modify it while the
		968	watcher is stopped to your hearts content), or \fI[read\-write]\fR, which
		969	means you can expect it to have some sensible content while the watcher
		970	is active, but you can also modify it. Modifying it may not do something
		971	sensible or take immediate effect (or do anything at all), but libev will
		972	not crash or malfunction in any way.
827	.ie n .Sh """ev_io"" \- is this file descriptor readable or writable?"	973	.ie n .Sh """ev_io"" \- is this file descriptor readable or writable?"
828	.el .Sh "\f(CWev_io\fP \- is this file descriptor readable or writable?"	974	.el .Sh "\f(CWev_io\fP \- is this file descriptor readable or writable?"
829	.IX Subsection "ev_io - is this file descriptor readable or writable?"	975	.IX Subsection "ev_io - is this file descriptor readable or writable?"
830	I/O watchers check whether a file descriptor is readable or writable	976	I/O watchers check whether a file descriptor is readable or writable
831	in each iteration of the event loop, or, more precisely, when reading	977	in each iteration of the event loop, or, more precisely, when reading
…		…
871	.IX Item "ev_io_set (ev_io *, int fd, int events)"	1017	.IX Item "ev_io_set (ev_io *, int fd, int events)"
872	.PD	1018	.PD
873	Configures an \f(CW\(C`ev_io\(C'\fR watcher. The \f(CW\(C`fd\(C'\fR is the file descriptor to	1019	Configures an \f(CW\(C`ev_io\(C'\fR watcher. The \f(CW\(C`fd\(C'\fR is the file descriptor to
874	rceeive events for and events is either \f(CW\(C`EV_READ\(C'\fR, \f(CW\(C`EV_WRITE\(C'\fR or	1020	rceeive events for and events is either \f(CW\(C`EV_READ\(C'\fR, \f(CW\(C`EV_WRITE\(C'\fR or
875	\&\f(CW\(C`EV_READ \| EV_WRITE\(C'\fR to receive the given events.	1021	\&\f(CW\(C`EV_READ \| EV_WRITE\(C'\fR to receive the given events.
		1022	.IP "int fd [read\-only]" 4
		1023	.IX Item "int fd [read-only]"
		1024	The file descriptor being watched.
		1025	.IP "int events [read\-only]" 4
		1026	.IX Item "int events [read-only]"
		1027	The events being watched.
876	.PP	1028	.PP
877	Example: call \f(CW\(C`stdin_readable_cb\(C'\fR when \s-1STDIN_FILENO\s0 has become, well	1029	Example: Call \f(CW\(C`stdin_readable_cb\(C'\fR when \s-1STDIN_FILENO\s0 has become, well
878	readable, but only once. Since it is likely line\-buffered, you could	1030	readable, but only once. Since it is likely line\-buffered, you could
879	attempt to read a whole line in the callback:	1031	attempt to read a whole line in the callback.
880	.PP	1032	.PP
881	.Vb 6	1033	.Vb 6
882	\& static void	1034	\& static void
883	\& stdin_readable_cb (struct ev_loop loop, struct ev_io w, int revents)	1035	\& stdin_readable_cb (struct ev_loop loop, struct ev_io w, int revents)
884	\& {	1036	\& {
…		…
939	.IP "ev_timer_again (loop)" 4	1091	.IP "ev_timer_again (loop)" 4
940	.IX Item "ev_timer_again (loop)"	1092	.IX Item "ev_timer_again (loop)"
941	This will act as if the timer timed out and restart it again if it is	1093	This will act as if the timer timed out and restart it again if it is
942	repeating. The exact semantics are:	1094	repeating. The exact semantics are:
943	.Sp	1095	.Sp
		1096	If the timer is pending, its pending status is cleared.
		1097	.Sp
944	If the timer is started but nonrepeating, stop it.	1098	If the timer is started but nonrepeating, stop it (as if it timed out).
945	.Sp	1099	.Sp
946	If the timer is repeating, either start it if necessary (with the repeat	1100	If the timer is repeating, either start it if necessary (with the
947	value), or reset the running timer to the repeat value.	1101	\&\f(CW\(C`repeat\(C'\fR value), or reset the running timer to the \f(CW\(C`repeat\(C'\fR value.
948	.Sp	1102	.Sp
949	This sounds a bit complicated, but here is a useful and typical	1103	This sounds a bit complicated, but here is a useful and typical
950	example: Imagine you have a tcp connection and you want a so-called idle	1104	example: Imagine you have a tcp connection and you want a so-called idle
951	timeout, that is, you want to be called when there have been, say, 60	1105	timeout, that is, you want to be called when there have been, say, 60
952	seconds of inactivity on the socket. The easiest way to do this is to	1106	seconds of inactivity on the socket. The easiest way to do this is to
953	configure an \f(CW\(C`ev_timer\(C'\fR with after=repeat=60 and calling ev_timer_again each	1107	configure an \f(CW\(C`ev_timer\(C'\fR with a \f(CW\(C`repeat\(C'\fR value of \f(CW60\fR and then call
954	time you successfully read or write some data. If you go into an idle	1108	\&\f(CW\(C`ev_timer_again\(C'\fR each time you successfully read or write some data. If
955	state where you do not expect data to travel on the socket, you can stop	1109	you go into an idle state where you do not expect data to travel on the
956	the timer, and again will automatically restart it if need be.	1110	socket, you can \f(CW\(C`ev_timer_stop\(C'\fR the timer, and \f(CW\(C`ev_timer_again\(C'\fR will
		1111	automatically restart it if need be.
		1112	.Sp
		1113	That means you can ignore the \f(CW\(C`after\(C'\fR value and \f(CW\(C`ev_timer_start\(C'\fR
		1114	altogether and only ever use the \f(CW\(C`repeat\(C'\fR value and \f(CW\(C`ev_timer_again\(C'\fR:
		1115	.Sp
		1116	.Vb 8
		1117	\& ev_timer_init (timer, callback, 0., 5.);
		1118	\& ev_timer_again (loop, timer);
		1119	\& ...
		1120	\& timer->again = 17.;
		1121	\& ev_timer_again (loop, timer);
		1122	\& ...
		1123	\& timer->again = 10.;
		1124	\& ev_timer_again (loop, timer);
		1125	.Ve
		1126	.Sp
		1127	This is more slightly efficient then stopping/starting the timer each time
		1128	you want to modify its timeout value.
		1129	.IP "ev_tstamp repeat [read\-write]" 4
		1130	.IX Item "ev_tstamp repeat [read-write]"
		1131	The current \f(CW\(C`repeat\(C'\fR value. Will be used each time the watcher times out
		1132	or \f(CW\(C`ev_timer_again\(C'\fR is called and determines the next timeout (if any),
		1133	which is also when any modifications are taken into account.
957	.PP	1134	.PP
958	Example: create a timer that fires after 60 seconds.	1135	Example: Create a timer that fires after 60 seconds.
959	.PP	1136	.PP
960	.Vb 5	1137	.Vb 5
961	\& static void	1138	\& static void
962	\& one_minute_cb (struct ev_loop loop, struct ev_timer w, int revents)	1139	\& one_minute_cb (struct ev_loop loop, struct ev_timer w, int revents)
963	\& {	1140	\& {
…		…
969	\& struct ev_timer mytimer;	1146	\& struct ev_timer mytimer;
970	\& ev_timer_init (&mytimer, one_minute_cb, 60., 0.);	1147	\& ev_timer_init (&mytimer, one_minute_cb, 60., 0.);
971	\& ev_timer_start (loop, &mytimer);	1148	\& ev_timer_start (loop, &mytimer);
972	.Ve	1149	.Ve
973	.PP	1150	.PP
974	Example: create a timeout timer that times out after 10 seconds of	1151	Example: Create a timeout timer that times out after 10 seconds of
975	inactivity.	1152	inactivity.
976	.PP	1153	.PP
977	.Vb 5	1154	.Vb 5
978	\& static void	1155	\& static void
979	\& timeout_cb (struct ev_loop loop, struct ev_timer w, int revents)	1156	\& timeout_cb (struct ev_loop loop, struct ev_timer w, int revents)
…		…
1093	.IX Item "ev_periodic_again (loop, ev_periodic *)"	1270	.IX Item "ev_periodic_again (loop, ev_periodic *)"
1094	Simply stops and restarts the periodic watcher again. This is only useful	1271	Simply stops and restarts the periodic watcher again. This is only useful
1095	when you changed some parameters or the reschedule callback would return	1272	when you changed some parameters or the reschedule callback would return
1096	a different time than the last time it was called (e.g. in a crond like	1273	a different time than the last time it was called (e.g. in a crond like
1097	program when the crontabs have changed).	1274	program when the crontabs have changed).
		1275	.IP "ev_tstamp interval [read\-write]" 4
		1276	.IX Item "ev_tstamp interval [read-write]"
		1277	The current interval value. Can be modified any time, but changes only
		1278	take effect when the periodic timer fires or \f(CW\(C`ev_periodic_again\(C'\fR is being
		1279	called.
		1280	.IP "ev_tstamp (reschedule_cb)(struct ev_periodic w, ev_tstamp now) [read\-write]" 4
		1281	.IX Item "ev_tstamp (reschedule_cb)(struct ev_periodic w, ev_tstamp now) [read-write]"
		1282	The current reschedule callback, or \f(CW0\fR, if this functionality is
		1283	switched off. Can be changed any time, but changes only take effect when
		1284	the periodic timer fires or \f(CW\(C`ev_periodic_again\(C'\fR is being called.
1098	.PP	1285	.PP
1099	Example: call a callback every hour, or, more precisely, whenever the	1286	Example: Call a callback every hour, or, more precisely, whenever the
1100	system clock is divisible by 3600. The callback invocation times have	1287	system clock is divisible by 3600. The callback invocation times have
1101	potentially a lot of jittering, but good long-term stability.	1288	potentially a lot of jittering, but good long-term stability.
1102	.PP	1289	.PP
1103	.Vb 5	1290	.Vb 5
1104	\& static void	1291	\& static void
…		…
1112	\& struct ev_periodic hourly_tick;	1299	\& struct ev_periodic hourly_tick;
1113	\& ev_periodic_init (&hourly_tick, clock_cb, 0., 3600., 0);	1300	\& ev_periodic_init (&hourly_tick, clock_cb, 0., 3600., 0);
1114	\& ev_periodic_start (loop, &hourly_tick);	1301	\& ev_periodic_start (loop, &hourly_tick);
1115	.Ve	1302	.Ve
1116	.PP	1303	.PP
1117	Example: the same as above, but use a reschedule callback to do it:	1304	Example: The same as above, but use a reschedule callback to do it:
1118	.PP	1305	.PP
1119	.Vb 1	1306	.Vb 1
1120	\& #include <math.h>	1307	\& #include <math.h>
1121	.Ve	1308	.Ve
1122	.PP	1309	.PP
…		…
1130	.PP	1317	.PP
1131	.Vb 1	1318	.Vb 1
1132	\& ev_periodic_init (&hourly_tick, clock_cb, 0., 0., my_scheduler_cb);	1319	\& ev_periodic_init (&hourly_tick, clock_cb, 0., 0., my_scheduler_cb);
1133	.Ve	1320	.Ve
1134	.PP	1321	.PP
1135	Example: call a callback every hour, starting now:	1322	Example: Call a callback every hour, starting now:
1136	.PP	1323	.PP
1137	.Vb 4	1324	.Vb 4
1138	\& struct ev_periodic hourly_tick;	1325	\& struct ev_periodic hourly_tick;
1139	\& ev_periodic_init (&hourly_tick, clock_cb,	1326	\& ev_periodic_init (&hourly_tick, clock_cb,
1140	\& fmod (ev_now (loop), 3600.), 3600., 0);	1327	\& fmod (ev_now (loop), 3600.), 3600., 0);
…		…
1160	.IP "ev_signal_set (ev_signal *, int signum)" 4	1347	.IP "ev_signal_set (ev_signal *, int signum)" 4
1161	.IX Item "ev_signal_set (ev_signal *, int signum)"	1348	.IX Item "ev_signal_set (ev_signal *, int signum)"
1162	.PD	1349	.PD
1163	Configures the watcher to trigger on the given signal number (usually one	1350	Configures the watcher to trigger on the given signal number (usually one
1164	of the \f(CW\(C`SIGxxx\(C'\fR constants).	1351	of the \f(CW\(C`SIGxxx\(C'\fR constants).
		1352	.IP "int signum [read\-only]" 4
		1353	.IX Item "int signum [read-only]"
		1354	The signal the watcher watches out for.
1165	.ie n .Sh """ev_child"" \- watch out for process status changes"	1355	.ie n .Sh """ev_child"" \- watch out for process status changes"
1166	.el .Sh "\f(CWev_child\fP \- watch out for process status changes"	1356	.el .Sh "\f(CWev_child\fP \- watch out for process status changes"
1167	.IX Subsection "ev_child - watch out for process status changes"	1357	.IX Subsection "ev_child - watch out for process status changes"
1168	Child watchers trigger when your process receives a \s-1SIGCHLD\s0 in response to	1358	Child watchers trigger when your process receives a \s-1SIGCHLD\s0 in response to
1169	some child status changes (most typically when a child of yours dies).	1359	some child status changes (most typically when a child of yours dies).
…		…
1177	\&\fIany\fR process if \f(CW\(C`pid\(C'\fR is specified as \f(CW0\fR). The callback can look	1367	\&\fIany\fR process if \f(CW\(C`pid\(C'\fR is specified as \f(CW0\fR). The callback can look
1178	at the \f(CW\(C`rstatus\(C'\fR member of the \f(CW\(C`ev_child\(C'\fR watcher structure to see	1368	at the \f(CW\(C`rstatus\(C'\fR member of the \f(CW\(C`ev_child\(C'\fR watcher structure to see
1179	the status word (use the macros from \f(CW\(C`sys/wait.h\(C'\fR and see your systems	1369	the status word (use the macros from \f(CW\(C`sys/wait.h\(C'\fR and see your systems
1180	\&\f(CW\(C`waitpid\(C'\fR documentation). The \f(CW\(C`rpid\(C'\fR member contains the pid of the	1370	\&\f(CW\(C`waitpid\(C'\fR documentation). The \f(CW\(C`rpid\(C'\fR member contains the pid of the
1181	process causing the status change.	1371	process causing the status change.
		1372	.IP "int pid [read\-only]" 4
		1373	.IX Item "int pid [read-only]"
		1374	The process id this watcher watches out for, or \f(CW0\fR, meaning any process id.
		1375	.IP "int rpid [read\-write]" 4
		1376	.IX Item "int rpid [read-write]"
		1377	The process id that detected a status change.
		1378	.IP "int rstatus [read\-write]" 4
		1379	.IX Item "int rstatus [read-write]"
		1380	The process exit/trace status caused by \f(CW\(C`rpid\(C'\fR (see your systems
		1381	\&\f(CW\(C`waitpid\(C'\fR and \f(CW\(C`sys/wait.h\(C'\fR documentation for details).
1182	.PP	1382	.PP
1183	Example: try to exit cleanly on \s-1SIGINT\s0 and \s-1SIGTERM\s0.	1383	Example: Try to exit cleanly on \s-1SIGINT\s0 and \s-1SIGTERM\s0.
1184	.PP	1384	.PP
1185	.Vb 5	1385	.Vb 5
1186	\& static void	1386	\& static void
1187	\& sigint_cb (struct ev_loop loop, struct ev_signal w, int revents)	1387	\& sigint_cb (struct ev_loop loop, struct ev_signal w, int revents)
1188	\& {	1388	\& {
…		…
1192	.PP	1392	.PP
1193	.Vb 3	1393	.Vb 3
1194	\& struct ev_signal signal_watcher;	1394	\& struct ev_signal signal_watcher;
1195	\& ev_signal_init (&signal_watcher, sigint_cb, SIGINT);	1395	\& ev_signal_init (&signal_watcher, sigint_cb, SIGINT);
1196	\& ev_signal_start (loop, &sigint_cb);	1396	\& ev_signal_start (loop, &sigint_cb);
		1397	.Ve
		1398	.ie n .Sh """ev_stat"" \- did the file attributes just change?"
		1399	.el .Sh "\f(CWev_stat\fP \- did the file attributes just change?"
		1400	.IX Subsection "ev_stat - did the file attributes just change?"
		1401	This watches a filesystem path for attribute changes. That is, it calls
		1402	\&\f(CW\(C`stat\(C'\fR regularly (or when the \s-1OS\s0 says it changed) and sees if it changed
		1403	compared to the last time, invoking the callback if it did.
		1404	.PP
		1405	The path does not need to exist: changing from \(L"path exists\(R" to \*(L"path does
		1406	not exist\(R" is a status change like any other. The condition \(L"path does
		1407	not exist\(R" is signified by the \f(CW\(C`st_nlink\*(C'\fR field being zero (which is
		1408	otherwise always forced to be at least one) and all the other fields of
		1409	the stat buffer having unspecified contents.
		1410	.PP
		1411	The path \fIshould\fR be absolute and \fImust not\fR end in a slash. If it is
		1412	relative and your working directory changes, the behaviour is undefined.
		1413	.PP
		1414	Since there is no standard to do this, the portable implementation simply
		1415	calls \f(CW\(C`stat (2)\(C'\fR regularly on the path to see if it changed somehow. You
		1416	can specify a recommended polling interval for this case. If you specify
		1417	a polling interval of \f(CW0\fR (highly recommended!) then a \fIsuitable,
		1418	unspecified default\fR value will be used (which you can expect to be around
		1419	five seconds, although this might change dynamically). Libev will also
		1420	impose a minimum interval which is currently around \f(CW0.1\fR, but thats
		1421	usually overkill.
		1422	.PP
		1423	This watcher type is not meant for massive numbers of stat watchers,
		1424	as even with OS-supported change notifications, this can be
		1425	resource\-intensive.
		1426	.PP
		1427	At the time of this writing, only the Linux inotify interface is
		1428	implemented (implementing kqueue support is left as an exercise for the
		1429	reader). Inotify will be used to give hints only and should not change the
		1430	semantics of \f(CW\(C`ev_stat\(C'\fR watchers, which means that libev sometimes needs
		1431	to fall back to regular polling again even with inotify, but changes are
		1432	usually detected immediately, and if the file exists there will be no
		1433	polling.
		1434	.IP "ev_stat_init (ev_stat , callback, const char path, ev_tstamp interval)" 4
		1435	.IX Item "ev_stat_init (ev_stat , callback, const char path, ev_tstamp interval)"
		1436	.PD 0
		1437	.IP "ev_stat_set (ev_stat , const char path, ev_tstamp interval)" 4
		1438	.IX Item "ev_stat_set (ev_stat , const char path, ev_tstamp interval)"
		1439	.PD
		1440	Configures the watcher to wait for status changes of the given
		1441	\&\f(CW\(C`path\(C'\fR. The \f(CW\(C`interval\(C'\fR is a hint on how quickly a change is expected to
		1442	be detected and should normally be specified as \f(CW0\fR to let libev choose
		1443	a suitable value. The memory pointed to by \f(CW\(C`path\(C'\fR must point to the same
		1444	path for as long as the watcher is active.
		1445	.Sp
		1446	The callback will be receive \f(CW\(C`EV_STAT\(C'\fR when a change was detected,
		1447	relative to the attributes at the time the watcher was started (or the
		1448	last change was detected).
		1449	.IP "ev_stat_stat (ev_stat *)" 4
		1450	.IX Item "ev_stat_stat (ev_stat *)"
		1451	Updates the stat buffer immediately with new values. If you change the
		1452	watched path in your callback, you could call this fucntion to avoid
		1453	detecting this change (while introducing a race condition). Can also be
		1454	useful simply to find out the new values.
		1455	.IP "ev_statdata attr [read\-only]" 4
		1456	.IX Item "ev_statdata attr [read-only]"
		1457	The most-recently detected attributes of the file. Although the type is of
		1458	\&\f(CW\(C`ev_statdata\(C'\fR, this is usually the (or one of the) \f(CW\(C`struct stat\(C'\fR types
		1459	suitable for your system. If the \f(CW\(C`st_nlink\(C'\fR member is \f(CW0\fR, then there
		1460	was some error while \f(CW\(C`stat\(C'\fRing the file.
		1461	.IP "ev_statdata prev [read\-only]" 4
		1462	.IX Item "ev_statdata prev [read-only]"
		1463	The previous attributes of the file. The callback gets invoked whenever
		1464	\&\f(CW\(C`prev\(C'\fR != \f(CW\(C`attr\(C'\fR.
		1465	.IP "ev_tstamp interval [read\-only]" 4
		1466	.IX Item "ev_tstamp interval [read-only]"
		1467	The specified interval.
		1468	.IP "const char *path [read\-only]" 4
		1469	.IX Item "const char *path [read-only]"
		1470	The filesystem path that is being watched.
		1471	.PP
		1472	Example: Watch \f(CW\(C`/etc/passwd\(C'\fR for attribute changes.
		1473	.PP
		1474	.Vb 15
		1475	\& static void
		1476	\& passwd_cb (struct ev_loop loop, ev_stat w, int revents)
		1477	\& {
		1478	\& /* /etc/passwd changed in some way */
		1479	\& if (w->attr.st_nlink)
		1480	\& {
		1481	\& printf ("passwd current size %ld\en", (long)w->attr.st_size);
		1482	\& printf ("passwd current atime %ld\en", (long)w->attr.st_mtime);
		1483	\& printf ("passwd current mtime %ld\en", (long)w->attr.st_mtime);
		1484	\& }
		1485	\& else
		1486	\& /* you shalt not abuse printf for puts */
		1487	\& puts ("wow, /etc/passwd is not there, expect problems. "
		1488	\& "if this is windows, they already arrived\en");
		1489	\& }
		1490	.Ve
		1491	.PP
		1492	.Vb 2
		1493	\& ...
		1494	\& ev_stat passwd;
		1495	.Ve
		1496	.PP
		1497	.Vb 2
		1498	\& ev_stat_init (&passwd, passwd_cb, "/etc/passwd");
		1499	\& ev_stat_start (loop, &passwd);
1197	.Ve	1500	.Ve
1198	.ie n .Sh """ev_idle"" \- when you've got nothing better to do..."	1501	.ie n .Sh """ev_idle"" \- when you've got nothing better to do..."
1199	.el .Sh "\f(CWev_idle\fP \- when you've got nothing better to do..."	1502	.el .Sh "\f(CWev_idle\fP \- when you've got nothing better to do..."
1200	.IX Subsection "ev_idle - when you've got nothing better to do..."	1503	.IX Subsection "ev_idle - when you've got nothing better to do..."
1201	Idle watchers trigger events when there are no other events are pending	1504	Idle watchers trigger events when there are no other events are pending
…		…
1217	.IX Item "ev_idle_init (ev_signal *, callback)"	1520	.IX Item "ev_idle_init (ev_signal *, callback)"
1218	Initialises and configures the idle watcher \- it has no parameters of any	1521	Initialises and configures the idle watcher \- it has no parameters of any
1219	kind. There is a \f(CW\(C`ev_idle_set\(C'\fR macro, but using it is utterly pointless,	1522	kind. There is a \f(CW\(C`ev_idle_set\(C'\fR macro, but using it is utterly pointless,
1220	believe me.	1523	believe me.
1221	.PP	1524	.PP
1222	Example: dynamically allocate an \f(CW\(C`ev_idle\(C'\fR, start it, and in the	1525	Example: Dynamically allocate an \f(CW\(C`ev_idle\(C'\fR watcher, start it, and in the
1223	callback, free it. Alos, use no error checking, as usual.	1526	callback, free it. Also, use no error checking, as usual.
1224	.PP	1527	.PP
1225	.Vb 7	1528	.Vb 7
1226	\& static void	1529	\& static void
1227	\& idle_cb (struct ev_loop loop, struct ev_idle w, int revents)	1530	\& idle_cb (struct ev_loop loop, struct ev_idle w, int revents)
1228	\& {	1531	\& {
…		…
1242	.IX Subsection "ev_prepare and ev_check - customise your event loop!"	1545	.IX Subsection "ev_prepare and ev_check - customise your event loop!"
1243	Prepare and check watchers are usually (but not always) used in tandem:	1546	Prepare and check watchers are usually (but not always) used in tandem:
1244	prepare watchers get invoked before the process blocks and check watchers	1547	prepare watchers get invoked before the process blocks and check watchers
1245	afterwards.	1548	afterwards.
1246	.PP	1549	.PP
		1550	You \fImust not\fR call \f(CW\(C`ev_loop\(C'\fR or similar functions that enter
		1551	the current event loop from either \f(CW\(C`ev_prepare\(C'\fR or \f(CW\(C`ev_check\(C'\fR
		1552	watchers. Other loops than the current one are fine, however. The
		1553	rationale behind this is that you do not need to check for recursion in
		1554	those watchers, i.e. the sequence will always be \f(CW\(C`ev_prepare\(C'\fR, blocking,
		1555	\&\f(CW\(C`ev_check\(C'\fR so if you have one watcher of each kind they will always be
		1556	called in pairs bracketing the blocking call.
		1557	.PP
1247	Their main purpose is to integrate other event mechanisms into libev and	1558	Their main purpose is to integrate other event mechanisms into libev and
1248	their use is somewhat advanced. This could be used, for example, to track	1559	their use is somewhat advanced. This could be used, for example, to track
1249	variable changes, implement your own watchers, integrate net-snmp or a	1560	variable changes, implement your own watchers, integrate net-snmp or a
1250	coroutine library and lots more.	1561	coroutine library and lots more. They are also occasionally useful if
		1562	you cache some data and want to flush it before blocking (for example,
		1563	in X programs you might want to do an \f(CW\(C`XFlush ()\(C'\fR in an \f(CW\(C`ev_prepare\(C'\fR
		1564	watcher).
1251	.PP	1565	.PP
1252	This is done by examining in each prepare call which file descriptors need	1566	This is done by examining in each prepare call which file descriptors need
1253	to be watched by the other library, registering \f(CW\(C`ev_io\(C'\fR watchers for	1567	to be watched by the other library, registering \f(CW\(C`ev_io\(C'\fR watchers for
1254	them and starting an \f(CW\(C`ev_timer\(C'\fR watcher for any timeouts (many libraries	1568	them and starting an \f(CW\(C`ev_timer\(C'\fR watcher for any timeouts (many libraries
1255	provide just this functionality). Then, in the check watcher you check for	1569	provide just this functionality). Then, in the check watcher you check for
…		…
1274	.PD	1588	.PD
1275	Initialises and configures the prepare or check watcher \- they have no	1589	Initialises and configures the prepare or check watcher \- they have no
1276	parameters of any kind. There are \f(CW\(C`ev_prepare_set\(C'\fR and \f(CW\(C`ev_check_set\(C'\fR	1590	parameters of any kind. There are \f(CW\(C`ev_prepare_set\(C'\fR and \f(CW\(C`ev_check_set\(C'\fR
1277	macros, but using them is utterly, utterly and completely pointless.	1591	macros, but using them is utterly, utterly and completely pointless.
1278	.PP	1592	.PP
1279	Example: TODO.	1593	Example: To include a library such as adns, you would add \s-1IO\s0 watchers
		1594	and a timeout watcher in a prepare handler, as required by libadns, and
		1595	in a check watcher, destroy them and call into libadns. What follows is
		1596	pseudo-code only of course:
		1597	.PP
		1598	.Vb 2
		1599	\& static ev_io iow [nfd];
		1600	\& static ev_timer tw;
		1601	.Ve
		1602	.PP
		1603	.Vb 9
		1604	\& static void
		1605	\& io_cb (ev_loop loop, ev_io w, int revents)
		1606	\& {
		1607	\& // set the relevant poll flags
		1608	\& // could also call adns_processreadable etc. here
		1609	\& struct pollfd fd = (struct pollfd )w->data;
		1610	\& if (revents & EV_READ ) fd->revents \|= fd->events & POLLIN;
		1611	\& if (revents & EV_WRITE) fd->revents \|= fd->events & POLLOUT;
		1612	\& }
		1613	.Ve
		1614	.PP
		1615	.Vb 7
		1616	\& // create io watchers for each fd and a timer before blocking
		1617	\& static void
		1618	\& adns_prepare_cb (ev_loop loop, ev_prepare w, int revents)
		1619	\& {
		1620	\& int timeout = 3600000;truct pollfd fds [nfd];
		1621	\& // actual code will need to loop here and realloc etc.
		1622	\& adns_beforepoll (ads, fds, &nfd, &timeout, timeval_from (ev_time ()));
		1623	.Ve
		1624	.PP
		1625	.Vb 3
		1626	\& /* the callback is illegal, but won't be called as we stop during check */
		1627	\& ev_timer_init (&tw, 0, timeout * 1e-3);
		1628	\& ev_timer_start (loop, &tw);
		1629	.Ve
		1630	.PP
		1631	.Vb 6
		1632	\& // create on ev_io per pollfd
		1633	\& for (int i = 0; i < nfd; ++i)
		1634	\& {
		1635	\& ev_io_init (iow + i, io_cb, fds [i].fd,
		1636	\& ((fds [i].events & POLLIN ? EV_READ : 0)
		1637	\& \| (fds [i].events & POLLOUT ? EV_WRITE : 0)));
		1638	.Ve
		1639	.PP
		1640	.Vb 5
		1641	\& fds [i].revents = 0;
		1642	\& iow [i].data = fds + i;
		1643	\& ev_io_start (loop, iow + i);
		1644	\& }
		1645	\& }
		1646	.Ve
		1647	.PP
		1648	.Vb 5
		1649	\& // stop all watchers after blocking
		1650	\& static void
		1651	\& adns_check_cb (ev_loop loop, ev_check w, int revents)
		1652	\& {
		1653	\& ev_timer_stop (loop, &tw);
		1654	.Ve
		1655	.PP
		1656	.Vb 2
		1657	\& for (int i = 0; i < nfd; ++i)
		1658	\& ev_io_stop (loop, iow + i);
		1659	.Ve
		1660	.PP
		1661	.Vb 2
		1662	\& adns_afterpoll (adns, fds, nfd, timeval_from (ev_now (loop));
		1663	\& }
		1664	.Ve
1280	.ie n .Sh """ev_embed"" \- when one backend isn't enough..."	1665	.ie n .Sh """ev_embed"" \- when one backend isn't enough..."
1281	.el .Sh "\f(CWev_embed\fP \- when one backend isn't enough..."	1666	.el .Sh "\f(CWev_embed\fP \- when one backend isn't enough..."
1282	.IX Subsection "ev_embed - when one backend isn't enough..."	1667	.IX Subsection "ev_embed - when one backend isn't enough..."
1283	This is a rather advanced watcher type that lets you embed one event loop	1668	This is a rather advanced watcher type that lets you embed one event loop
1284	into another (currently only \f(CW\(C`ev_io\(C'\fR events are supported in the embedded	1669	into another (currently only \f(CW\(C`ev_io\(C'\fR events are supported in the embedded
…		…
1367	.IP "ev_embed_sweep (loop, ev_embed *)" 4	1752	.IP "ev_embed_sweep (loop, ev_embed *)" 4
1368	.IX Item "ev_embed_sweep (loop, ev_embed *)"	1753	.IX Item "ev_embed_sweep (loop, ev_embed *)"
1369	Make a single, non-blocking sweep over the embedded loop. This works	1754	Make a single, non-blocking sweep over the embedded loop. This works
1370	similarly to \f(CW\(C`ev_loop (embedded_loop, EVLOOP_NONBLOCK)\(C'\fR, but in the most	1755	similarly to \f(CW\(C`ev_loop (embedded_loop, EVLOOP_NONBLOCK)\(C'\fR, but in the most
1371	apropriate way for embedded loops.	1756	apropriate way for embedded loops.
		1757	.IP "struct ev_loop *loop [read\-only]" 4
		1758	.IX Item "struct ev_loop *loop [read-only]"
		1759	The embedded event loop.
		1760	.ie n .Sh """ev_fork"" \- the audacity to resume the event loop after a fork"
		1761	.el .Sh "\f(CWev_fork\fP \- the audacity to resume the event loop after a fork"
		1762	.IX Subsection "ev_fork - the audacity to resume the event loop after a fork"
		1763	Fork watchers are called when a \f(CW\(C`fork ()\(C'\fR was detected (usually because
		1764	whoever is a good citizen cared to tell libev about it by calling
		1765	\&\f(CW\(C`ev_default_fork\(C'\fR or \f(CW\(C`ev_loop_fork\(C'\fR). The invocation is done before the
		1766	event loop blocks next and before \f(CW\(C`ev_check\(C'\fR watchers are being called,
		1767	and only in the child after the fork. If whoever good citizen calling
		1768	\&\f(CW\(C`ev_default_fork\(C'\fR cheats and calls it in the wrong process, the fork
		1769	handlers will be invoked, too, of course.
		1770	.IP "ev_fork_init (ev_signal *, callback)" 4
		1771	.IX Item "ev_fork_init (ev_signal *, callback)"
		1772	Initialises and configures the fork watcher \- it has no parameters of any
		1773	kind. There is a \f(CW\(C`ev_fork_set\(C'\fR macro, but using it is utterly pointless,
		1774	believe me.
1372	.SH "OTHER FUNCTIONS"	1775	.SH "OTHER FUNCTIONS"
1373	.IX Header "OTHER FUNCTIONS"	1776	.IX Header "OTHER FUNCTIONS"
1374	There are some other functions of possible interest. Described. Here. Now.	1777	There are some other functions of possible interest. Described. Here. Now.
1375	.IP "ev_once (loop, int fd, int events, ev_tstamp timeout, callback)" 4	1778	.IP "ev_once (loop, int fd, int events, ev_tstamp timeout, callback)" 4
1376	.IX Item "ev_once (loop, int fd, int events, ev_tstamp timeout, callback)"	1779	.IX Item "ev_once (loop, int fd, int events, ev_tstamp timeout, callback)"
…		…
1515	\&\f(CW\(C`ev_TYPE_again\(C'\fR function.	1918	\&\f(CW\(C`ev_TYPE_again\(C'\fR function.
1516	.ie n .IP "w\->sweep () ""ev::embed"" only" 4	1919	.ie n .IP "w\->sweep () ""ev::embed"" only" 4
1517	.el .IP "w\->sweep () \f(CWev::embed\fR only" 4	1920	.el .IP "w\->sweep () \f(CWev::embed\fR only" 4
1518	.IX Item "w->sweep () ev::embed only"	1921	.IX Item "w->sweep () ev::embed only"
1519	Invokes \f(CW\(C`ev_embed_sweep\(C'\fR.	1922	Invokes \f(CW\(C`ev_embed_sweep\(C'\fR.
		1923	.ie n .IP "w\->update () ""ev::stat"" only" 4
		1924	.el .IP "w\->update () \f(CWev::stat\fR only" 4
		1925	.IX Item "w->update () ev::stat only"
		1926	Invokes \f(CW\(C`ev_stat_stat\(C'\fR.
1520	.RE	1927	.RE
1521	.RS 4	1928	.RS 4
1522	.RE	1929	.RE
1523	.PP	1930	.PP
1524	Example: Define a class with an \s-1IO\s0 and idle watcher, start one of them in	1931	Example: Define a class with an \s-1IO\s0 and idle watcher, start one of them in
…		…
1541	\& : io (this, &myclass::io_cb),	1948	\& : io (this, &myclass::io_cb),
1542	\& idle (this, &myclass::idle_cb)	1949	\& idle (this, &myclass::idle_cb)
1543	\& {	1950	\& {
1544	\& io.start (fd, ev::READ);	1951	\& io.start (fd, ev::READ);
1545	\& }	1952	\& }
		1953	.Ve
		1954	.SH "MACRO MAGIC"
		1955	.IX Header "MACRO MAGIC"
		1956	Libev can be compiled with a variety of options, the most fundemantal is
		1957	\&\f(CW\(C`EV_MULTIPLICITY\(C'\fR. This option determines wether (most) functions and
		1958	callbacks have an initial \f(CW\(C`struct ev_loop \*(C'\fR argument.
		1959	.PP
		1960	To make it easier to write programs that cope with either variant, the
		1961	following macros are defined:
		1962	.ie n .IP """EV_A""\fR, \f(CW""EV_A_""" 4
		1963	.el .IP "\f(CWEV_A\fR, \f(CWEV_A_\fR" 4
		1964	.IX Item "EV_A, EV_A_"
		1965	This provides the loop \fIargument\fR for functions, if one is required (\*(L"ev
		1966	loop argument\(R"). The \f(CW\(C`EV_A\*(C'\fR form is used when this is the sole argument,
		1967	\&\f(CW\(C`EV_A_\(C'\fR is used when other arguments are following. Example:
		1968	.Sp
		1969	.Vb 3
		1970	\& ev_unref (EV_A);
		1971	\& ev_timer_add (EV_A_ watcher);
		1972	\& ev_loop (EV_A_ 0);
		1973	.Ve
		1974	.Sp
		1975	It assumes the variable \f(CW\(C`loop\(C'\fR of type \f(CW\(C`struct ev_loop \*(C'\fR is in scope,
		1976	which is often provided by the following macro.
		1977	.ie n .IP """EV_P""\fR, \f(CW""EV_P_""" 4
		1978	.el .IP "\f(CWEV_P\fR, \f(CWEV_P_\fR" 4
		1979	.IX Item "EV_P, EV_P_"
		1980	This provides the loop \fIparameter\fR for functions, if one is required (\*(L"ev
		1981	loop parameter\(R"). The \f(CW\(C`EV_P\*(C'\fR form is used when this is the sole parameter,
		1982	\&\f(CW\(C`EV_P_\(C'\fR is used when other parameters are following. Example:
		1983	.Sp
		1984	.Vb 2
		1985	\& // this is how ev_unref is being declared
		1986	\& static void ev_unref (EV_P);
		1987	.Ve
		1988	.Sp
		1989	.Vb 2
		1990	\& // this is how you can declare your typical callback
		1991	\& static void cb (EV_P_ ev_timer *w, int revents)
		1992	.Ve
		1993	.Sp
		1994	It declares a parameter \f(CW\(C`loop\(C'\fR of type \f(CW\(C`struct ev_loop \*(C'\fR, quite
		1995	suitable for use with \f(CW\(C`EV_A\(C'\fR.
		1996	.ie n .IP """EV_DEFAULT""\fR, \f(CW""EV_DEFAULT_""" 4
		1997	.el .IP "\f(CWEV_DEFAULT\fR, \f(CWEV_DEFAULT_\fR" 4
		1998	.IX Item "EV_DEFAULT, EV_DEFAULT_"
		1999	Similar to the other two macros, this gives you the value of the default
		2000	loop, if multiple loops are supported (\(L"ev loop default\(R").
		2001	.PP
		2002	Example: Declare and initialise a check watcher, working regardless of
		2003	wether multiple loops are supported or not.
		2004	.PP
		2005	.Vb 5
		2006	\& static void
		2007	\& check_cb (EV_P_ ev_timer *w, int revents)
		2008	\& {
		2009	\& ev_check_stop (EV_A_ w);
		2010	\& }
		2011	.Ve
		2012	.PP
		2013	.Vb 4
		2014	\& ev_check check;
		2015	\& ev_check_init (&check, check_cb);
		2016	\& ev_check_start (EV_DEFAULT_ &check);
		2017	\& ev_loop (EV_DEFAULT_ 0);
1546	.Ve	2018	.Ve
1547	.SH "EMBEDDING"	2019	.SH "EMBEDDING"
1548	.IX Header "EMBEDDING"	2020	.IX Header "EMBEDDING"
1549	Libev can (and often is) directly embedded into host	2021	Libev can (and often is) directly embedded into host
1550	applications. Examples of applications that embed it include the Deliantra	2022	applications. Examples of applications that embed it include the Deliantra
…		…
1730	otherwise another method will be used as fallback. This is the preferred	2202	otherwise another method will be used as fallback. This is the preferred
1731	backend for Solaris 10 systems.	2203	backend for Solaris 10 systems.
1732	.IP "\s-1EV_USE_DEVPOLL\s0" 4	2204	.IP "\s-1EV_USE_DEVPOLL\s0" 4
1733	.IX Item "EV_USE_DEVPOLL"	2205	.IX Item "EV_USE_DEVPOLL"
1734	reserved for future expansion, works like the \s-1USE\s0 symbols above.	2206	reserved for future expansion, works like the \s-1USE\s0 symbols above.
		2207	.IP "\s-1EV_USE_INOTIFY\s0" 4
		2208	.IX Item "EV_USE_INOTIFY"
		2209	If defined to be \f(CW1\fR, libev will compile in support for the Linux inotify
		2210	interface to speed up \f(CW\(C`ev_stat\(C'\fR watchers. Its actual availability will
		2211	be detected at runtime.
1735	.IP "\s-1EV_H\s0" 4	2212	.IP "\s-1EV_H\s0" 4
1736	.IX Item "EV_H"	2213	.IX Item "EV_H"
1737	The name of the \fIev.h\fR header file used to include it. The default if	2214	The name of the \fIev.h\fR header file used to include it. The default if
1738	undefined is \f(CW\(C`<ev.h>\(C'\fR in \fIevent.h\fR and \f(CW"ev.h"\fR in \fIev.c\fR. This	2215	undefined is \f(CW\(C`<ev.h>\(C'\fR in \fIevent.h\fR and \f(CW"ev.h"\fR in \fIev.c\fR. This
1739	can be used to virtually rename the \fIev.h\fR header file in case of conflicts.	2216	can be used to virtually rename the \fIev.h\fR header file in case of conflicts.
…		…
1757	If undefined or defined to \f(CW1\fR, then all event-loop-specific functions	2234	If undefined or defined to \f(CW1\fR, then all event-loop-specific functions
1758	will have the \f(CW\(C`struct ev_loop \*(C'\fR as first argument, and you can create	2235	will have the \f(CW\(C`struct ev_loop \*(C'\fR as first argument, and you can create
1759	additional independent event loops. Otherwise there will be no support	2236	additional independent event loops. Otherwise there will be no support
1760	for multiple event loops and there is no first event loop pointer	2237	for multiple event loops and there is no first event loop pointer
1761	argument. Instead, all functions act on the single default loop.	2238	argument. Instead, all functions act on the single default loop.
1762	.IP "\s-1EV_PERIODICS\s0" 4	2239	.IP "\s-1EV_PERIODIC_ENABLE\s0" 4
1763	.IX Item "EV_PERIODICS"	2240	.IX Item "EV_PERIODIC_ENABLE"
1764	If undefined or defined to be \f(CW1\fR, then periodic timers are supported,	2241	If undefined or defined to be \f(CW1\fR, then periodic timers are supported. If
1765	otherwise not. This saves a few kb of code.	2242	defined to be \f(CW0\fR, then they are not. Disabling them saves a few kB of
		2243	code.
		2244	.IP "\s-1EV_EMBED_ENABLE\s0" 4
		2245	.IX Item "EV_EMBED_ENABLE"
		2246	If undefined or defined to be \f(CW1\fR, then embed watchers are supported. If
		2247	defined to be \f(CW0\fR, then they are not.
		2248	.IP "\s-1EV_STAT_ENABLE\s0" 4
		2249	.IX Item "EV_STAT_ENABLE"
		2250	If undefined or defined to be \f(CW1\fR, then stat watchers are supported. If
		2251	defined to be \f(CW0\fR, then they are not.
		2252	.IP "\s-1EV_FORK_ENABLE\s0" 4
		2253	.IX Item "EV_FORK_ENABLE"
		2254	If undefined or defined to be \f(CW1\fR, then fork watchers are supported. If
		2255	defined to be \f(CW0\fR, then they are not.
		2256	.IP "\s-1EV_MINIMAL\s0" 4
		2257	.IX Item "EV_MINIMAL"
		2258	If you need to shave off some kilobytes of code at the expense of some
		2259	speed, define this symbol to \f(CW1\fR. Currently only used for gcc to override
		2260	some inlining decisions, saves roughly 30% codesize of amd64.
		2261	.IP "\s-1EV_PID_HASHSIZE\s0" 4
		2262	.IX Item "EV_PID_HASHSIZE"
		2263	\&\f(CW\(C`ev_child\(C'\fR watchers use a small hash table to distribute workload by
		2264	pid. The default size is \f(CW16\fR (or \f(CW1\fR with \f(CW\(C`EV_MINIMAL\(C'\fR), usually more
		2265	than enough. If you need to manage thousands of children you might want to
		2266	increase this value (\fImust\fR be a power of two).
		2267	.IP "\s-1EV_INOTIFY_HASHSIZE\s0" 4
		2268	.IX Item "EV_INOTIFY_HASHSIZE"
		2269	\&\f(CW\(C`ev_staz\(C'\fR watchers use a small hash table to distribute workload by
		2270	inotify watch id. The default size is \f(CW16\fR (or \f(CW1\fR with \f(CW\(C`EV_MINIMAL\(C'\fR),
		2271	usually more than enough. If you need to manage thousands of \f(CW\(C`ev_stat\(C'\fR
		2272	watchers you might want to increase this value (\fImust\fR be a power of
		2273	two).
1766	.IP "\s-1EV_COMMON\s0" 4	2274	.IP "\s-1EV_COMMON\s0" 4
1767	.IX Item "EV_COMMON"	2275	.IX Item "EV_COMMON"
1768	By default, all watchers have a \f(CW\(C`void data\*(C'\fR member. By redefining	2276	By default, all watchers have a \f(CW\(C`void data\*(C'\fR member. By redefining
1769	this macro to a something else you can include more and other types of	2277	this macro to a something else you can include more and other types of
1770	members. You have to define it each time you include one of the files,	2278	members. You have to define it each time you include one of the files,
…		…
1819	.Sp	2327	.Sp
1820	.Vb 2	2328	.Vb 2
1821	\& #include "ev_cpp.h"	2329	\& #include "ev_cpp.h"
1822	\& #include "ev.c"	2330	\& #include "ev.c"
1823	.Ve	2331	.Ve
		2332	.SH "COMPLEXITIES"
		2333	.IX Header "COMPLEXITIES"
		2334	In this section the complexities of (many of) the algorithms used inside
		2335	libev will be explained. For complexity discussions about backends see the
		2336	documentation for \f(CW\(C`ev_default_init\(C'\fR.
		2337	.RS 4
		2338	.IP "Starting and stopping timer/periodic watchers: O(log skipped_other_timers)" 4
		2339	.IX Item "Starting and stopping timer/periodic watchers: O(log skipped_other_timers)"
		2340	.PD 0
		2341	.IP "Changing timer/periodic watchers (by autorepeat, again): O(log skipped_other_timers)" 4
		2342	.IX Item "Changing timer/periodic watchers (by autorepeat, again): O(log skipped_other_timers)"
		2343	.IP "Starting io/check/prepare/idle/signal/child watchers: O(1)" 4
		2344	.IX Item "Starting io/check/prepare/idle/signal/child watchers: O(1)"
		2345	.IP "Stopping check/prepare/idle watchers: O(1)" 4
		2346	.IX Item "Stopping check/prepare/idle watchers: O(1)"
		2347	.IP "Stopping an io/signal/child watcher: O(number_of_watchers_for_this_(fd/signal/pid % \s-1EV_PID_HASHSIZE\s0))" 4
		2348	.IX Item "Stopping an io/signal/child watcher: O(number_of_watchers_for_this_(fd/signal/pid % EV_PID_HASHSIZE))"
		2349	.IP "Finding the next timer per loop iteration: O(1)" 4
		2350	.IX Item "Finding the next timer per loop iteration: O(1)"
		2351	.IP "Each change on a file descriptor per loop iteration: O(number_of_watchers_for_this_fd)" 4
		2352	.IX Item "Each change on a file descriptor per loop iteration: O(number_of_watchers_for_this_fd)"
		2353	.IP "Activating one watcher: O(1)" 4
		2354	.IX Item "Activating one watcher: O(1)"
		2355	.RE
		2356	.RS 4
		2357	.PD
1824	.SH "AUTHOR"	2358	.SH "AUTHOR"
1825	.IX Header "AUTHOR"	2359	.IX Header "AUTHOR"
1826	Marc Lehmann <libev@schmorp.de>.	2360	Marc Lehmann <libev@schmorp.de>.

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Comparing libev/ev.3 (file contents): Revision 1.19 by root, Sat Nov 24 16:57:38 2007 UTC vs. Revision 1.35 by root, Thu Nov 29 17:28:13 2007 UTC

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Comparing libev/ev.3 (file contents):
Revision 1.19 by root, Sat Nov 24 16:57:38 2007 UTC vs.
Revision 1.35 by root, Thu Nov 29 17:28:13 2007 UTC