[ViewVC] Diff of: cvs/libev/ev.pod

Comparing libev/ev.pod (file contents):
Revision 1.455 by root, Wed Jun 26 00:01:46 2019 UTC vs.
Revision 1.468 by sf-exg, Sun May 14 19:02:31 2023 UTC

 unblocking the signals.
 It's also required by POSIX in a threaded program, as libev calls
 C<sigprocmask>, whose behaviour is officially unspecified.
-This flag's behaviour will become the default in future versions of libev.
+=item C<EVFLAG_NOTIMERFD>
+When this flag is specified, the libev will avoid using a C<timerfd> to
+detect time jumps. It will still be able to detect time jumps, but takes
+longer and has a lower accuracy in doing so, but saves a file descriptor
+per loop.
+The current implementation only tries to use a C<timerfd> when the first
+C<ev_periodic> watcher is started and falls back on other methods if it
+cannot be created, but this behaviour might change in the future.
 =item C<EVBACKEND_SELECT>  (value 1, portable select backend)
 This is your standard select(2) backend. Not I<completely> standard, as
 libev tries to roll its own fd_set with no limits on the number of fds,
    - Queue all expired timers.
    - Queue all expired periodics.
    - Queue all idle watchers with priority higher than that of pending events.
    - Queue all check watchers.
    - Call all queued watchers in reverse order (i.e. check watchers first).
-     Signals and child watchers are implemented as I/O watchers, and will
+     Signals, async and child watchers are implemented as I/O watchers, and
-     be handled here by queueing them when their watcher gets executed.
+     will be handled here by queueing them when their watcher gets executed.
    - If ev_break has been called, or EVRUN_ONCE or EVRUN_NOWAIT
      were used, or there are no active watchers, goto FINISH, otherwise
      continue with step LOOP.
    FINISH:
    - Reset the ev_break status iff it was EVBREAK_ONE.
 with a watcher-specific start function (C<< ev_TYPE_start (loop, watcher
 *) >>), and you can stop watching for events at any time by calling the
 corresponding stop function (C<< ev_TYPE_stop (loop, watcher *) >>.
 As long as your watcher is active (has been started but not stopped) you
-must not touch the values stored in it. Most specifically you must never
+must not touch the values stored in it except when explicitly documented
-reinitialise it or call its C<ev_TYPE_set> macro.
+otherwise. Most specifically you must never reinitialise it or call its
+C<ev_TYPE_set> macro.
 Each and every callback receives the event loop pointer as first, the
 registered watcher structure as second, and a bitset of received events as
 third argument.
 =item bool ev_is_active (ev_TYPE *watcher)
 Returns a true value iff the watcher is active (i.e. it has been started
 and not yet been stopped). As long as a watcher is active you must not modify
-it.
+it unless documented otherwise.
 =item bool ev_is_pending (ev_TYPE *watcher)
 Returns a true value iff the watcher is pending, (i.e. it has outstanding
 events but its callback has not yet been invoked). As long as a watcher
 Many event loops support I<watcher priorities>, which are usually small
 integers that influence the ordering of event callback invocation
 between watchers in some way, all else being equal.
-In libev, Watcher priorities can be set using C<ev_set_priority>. See its
+In libev, watcher priorities can be set using C<ev_set_priority>. See its
 description for the more technical details such as the actual priority
 range.
 There are two common ways how these these priorities are being interpreted
 by event loops:
 This section describes each watcher in detail, but will not repeat
 information given in the last section. Any initialisation/set macros,
 functions and members specific to the watcher type are explained.
-Members are additionally marked with either I<[read-only]>, meaning that,
+Most members are additionally marked with either I<[read-only]>, meaning
-while the watcher is active, you can look at the member and expect some
+that, while the watcher is active, you can look at the member and expect
-sensible content, but you must not modify it (you can modify it while the
+some sensible content, but you must not modify it (you can modify it while
-watcher is stopped to your hearts content), or I<[read-write]>, which
+the watcher is stopped to your hearts content), or I<[read-write]>, which
-means you can expect it to have some sensible content while the watcher
+means you can expect it to have some sensible content while the watcher is
-is active, but you can also modify it. Modifying it may not do something
+active, but you can also modify it (within the same thread as the event
+loop, i.e. without creating data races). Modifying it may not do something
 sensible or take immediate effect (or do anything at all), but libev will
 not crash or malfunction in any way.
+In any case, the documentation for each member will explain what the
+effects are, and if there are any additional access restrictions.
 =head2 C<ev_io> - is this file descriptor readable or writable?
 I/O watchers check whether a file descriptor is readable or writable
 in each iteration of the event loop, or, more precisely, when reading
 when you rarely read from a file instead of from a socket, and want to
 reuse the same code path.
 =head3 The special problem of fork
-Some backends (epoll, kqueue, probably linuxaio) do not support C<fork ()>
+Some backends (epoll, kqueue, linuxaio, iouring) do not support C<fork ()>
 at all or exhibit useless behaviour. Libev fully supports fork, but needs
 to be told about it in the child if you want to continue to use it in the
 child.
 To support fork in your child processes, you have to call C<ev_loop_fork
 =item ev_io_init (ev_io *, callback, int fd, int events)
 =item ev_io_set (ev_io *, int fd, int events)
 Configures an C<ev_io> watcher. The C<fd> is the file descriptor to
-receive events for and C<events> is either C<EV_READ>, C<EV_WRITE> or
+receive events for and C<events> is either C<EV_READ>, C<EV_WRITE>, both
-C<EV_READ | EV_WRITE>, to express the desire to receive the given events.
+C<EV_READ | EV_WRITE> or C<0>, to express the desire to receive the given
+events.
-=item int fd [read-only]
+Note that setting the C<events> to C<0> and starting the watcher is
+supported, but not specially optimized - if your program sometimes happens
+to generate this combination this is fine, but if it is easy to avoid
+starting an io watcher watching for no events you should do so.
-The file descriptor being watched.
+=item ev_io_modify (ev_io *, int events)
+Similar to C<ev_io_set>, but only changes the requested events. Using this
+might be faster with some backends, as libev can assume that the C<fd>
+still refers to the same underlying file description, something it cannot
+do when using C<ev_io_set>.
+=item int fd [no-modify]
+The file descriptor being watched. While it can be read at any time, you
+must not modify this member even when the watcher is stopped - always use
+C<ev_io_set> for that.
-=item int events [read-only]
+=item int events [no-modify]
-The events being watched.
+The set of events the fd is being watched for, among other flags. Remember
+that this is a bit set - to test for C<EV_READ>, use C<< w->events &
+EV_READ >>, and similarly for C<EV_WRITE>.
+As with C<fd>, you must not modify this member even when the watcher is
+stopped, always use C<ev_io_set> or C<ev_io_modify> for that.
 =back
 =head3 Examples
 event loop thread and an unspecified mechanism to wake up the main thread.
 First, you need to associate some data with the event loop:
    typedef struct {
-     mutex_t lock; /* global loop lock */
+     pthread_mutex_t lock; /* global loop lock */
+     pthread_t tid;
+     pthread_cond_t invoke_cv;
      ev_async async_w;
-     thread_t tid;
-     cond_t invoke_cv;
    } userdata;
    void prepare_loop (EV_P)
    {
       // for simplicity, we use a static userdata struct.
       static userdata u;
-      ev_async_init (&u->async_w, async_cb);
+      ev_async_init (&u.async_w, async_cb);
-      ev_async_start (EV_A_ &u->async_w);
+      ev_async_start (EV_A_ &u.async_w);
-      pthread_mutex_init (&u->lock, 0);
+      pthread_mutex_init (&u.lock, 0);
-      pthread_cond_init (&u->invoke_cv, 0);
+      pthread_cond_init (&u.invoke_cv, 0);
       // now associate this with the loop
-      ev_set_userdata (EV_A_ u);
+      ev_set_userdata (EV_A_ &u);
       ev_set_invoke_pending_cb (EV_A_ l_invoke);
       ev_set_loop_release_cb (EV_A_ l_release, l_acquire);
       // then create the thread running ev_run
-      pthread_create (&u->tid, 0, l_run, EV_A);
+      pthread_create (&u.tid, 0, l_run, EV_A);
    }
 The callback for the C<ev_async> watcher does nothing: the watcher is used
 solely to wake up the event loop so it takes notice of any new watchers
 that might have been added:
 method.
 For C<ev::embed> watchers this method is called C<set_embed>, to avoid
 clashing with the C<set (loop)> method.
+For C<ev::io> watchers there is an additional C<set> method that acepts a
+new event mask only, and internally calls C<ev_io_modify>.
 =item w->start ()
 Starts the watcher. Note that there is no C<loop> argument, as the
 constructor already stores the event loop.
    ev_select.c     only when select backend is enabled
    ev_poll.c       only when poll backend is enabled
    ev_epoll.c      only when the epoll backend is enabled
    ev_linuxaio.c   only when the linux aio backend is enabled
+   ev_iouring.c    only when the linux io_uring backend is enabled
    ev_kqueue.c     only when the kqueue backend is enabled
    ev_port.c       only when the solaris port backend is enabled
 F<ev.c> includes the backend files directly when enabled, so you only need
 to compile this single file.
 available and will probe for kernel support at runtime. This will improve
 C<ev_signal> and C<ev_async> performance and reduce resource consumption.
 If undefined, it will be enabled if the headers indicate GNU/Linux + Glibc
 2.7 or newer, otherwise disabled.
+=item EV_USE_SIGNALFD
+If defined to be C<1>, then libev will assume that C<signalfd ()> is
+available and will probe for kernel support at runtime. This enables
+the use of EVFLAG_SIGNALFD for faster and simpler signal handling. If
+undefined, it will be enabled if the headers indicate GNU/Linux + Glibc
+2.7 or newer, otherwise disabled.
+=item EV_USE_TIMERFD
+If defined to be C<1>, then libev will assume that C<timerfd ()> is
+available and will probe for kernel support at runtime. This allows
+libev to detect time jumps accurately. If undefined, it will be enabled
+if the headers indicate GNU/Linux + Glibc 2.8 or newer and define
+C<TFD_TIMER_CANCEL_ON_SET>, otherwise disabled.
+=item EV_USE_EVENTFD
+If defined to be C<1>, then libev will assume that C<eventfd ()> is
+available and will probe for kernel support at runtime. This will improve
+C<ev_signal> and C<ev_async> performance and reduce resource consumption.
+If undefined, it will be enabled if the headers indicate GNU/Linux + Glibc
+2.7 or newer, otherwise disabled.
 =item EV_USE_SELECT
 If undefined or defined to be C<1>, libev will compile in support for the
 C<select>(2) backend. No attempt at auto-detection will be done: if no
 other method takes over, select will be it. Otherwise the select backend
 backend for GNU/Linux systems. If undefined, it will be enabled if the
 headers indicate GNU/Linux + Glibc 2.4 or newer, otherwise disabled.
 =item EV_USE_LINUXAIO
+If defined to be C<1>, libev will compile in support for the Linux aio
+backend (C<EV_USE_EPOLL> must also be enabled). If undefined, it will be
+enabled on linux, otherwise disabled.
+=item EV_USE_IOURING
 If defined to be C<1>, libev will compile in support for the Linux
-aio backend. Due to it's currenbt limitations it has to be requested
+io_uring backend (C<EV_USE_EPOLL> must also be enabled). Due to it's
-explicitly.  If undefined, it will be enabled on linux, otherwise
+current limitations it has to be requested explicitly. If undefined, it
-disabled.
+will be enabled on linux, otherwise disabled.
 =item EV_USE_KQUEUE
 If defined to be C<1>, libev will compile in support for the BSD style
 C<kqueue>(2) backend. Its actual availability will be detected at runtime,

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Comparing libev/ev.pod (file contents): Revision 1.455 by root, Wed Jun 26 00:01:46 2019 UTC vs. Revision 1.468 by sf-exg, Sun May 14 19:02:31 2023 UTC

Diff Legend

Comparing libev/ev.pod (file contents):
Revision 1.455 by root, Wed Jun 26 00:01:46 2019 UTC vs.
Revision 1.468 by sf-exg, Sun May 14 19:02:31 2023 UTC