| 1 | FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS |
1 | FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS |
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2 | I don't like the new selection/popups/hotkeys/perl, how do I |
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3 | change/disable it? |
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4 | You can disable the perl extension completely by setting the |
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5 | perl-ext-common resource to the empty string, which also keeps |
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6 | rxvt-unicode from initialising perl, saving memory. |
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7 | |
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8 | If you only want to disable specific features, you first have to |
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9 | identify which perl extension is responsible. For this, read the |
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10 | section PREPACKAGED EXTENSIONS in the rxvtperl(3) manpage. For |
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11 | example, to disable the selection-popup and option-popup, specify |
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12 | this perl-ext-common resource: |
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13 | |
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14 | URxvt.perl-ext-common: default,-selection-popup,-option-popup |
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15 | |
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16 | This will keep the default extensions, but disable the two popup |
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17 | extensions. Some extensions can also be configured, for example, |
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18 | scrollback search mode is triggered by M-s. You can move it to any |
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19 | other combination either by setting the searchable-scrollback |
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20 | resource: |
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21 | |
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22 | URxvt.searchable-scrollback: CM-s |
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23 | |
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24 | Isn't rxvt supposed to be small? Don't all those features bloat? |
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25 | I often get asked about this, and I think, no, they didn't cause |
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26 | extra bloat. If you compare a minimal rxvt and a minimal urxvt, you |
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27 | can see that the urxvt binary is larger (due to some encoding tables |
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28 | always being compiled in), but it actually uses less memory (RSS) |
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29 | after startup. Even with "--disable-everything", this comparison is |
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30 | a bit unfair, as many features unique to urxvt (locale, encoding |
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31 | conversion, iso14755 etc.) are already in use in this mode. |
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32 | |
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33 | text data bss drs rss filename |
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34 | 98398 1664 24 15695 1824 rxvt --disable-everything |
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35 | 188985 9048 66616 18222 1788 urxvt --disable-everything |
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36 | |
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37 | When you "--enable-everything" (which _is_ unfair, as this involves |
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38 | xft and full locale/XIM support which are quite bloaty inside libX11 |
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39 | and my libc), the two diverge, but not unreasnobaly so. |
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40 | |
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41 | text data bss drs rss filename |
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42 | 163431 2152 24 20123 2060 rxvt --enable-everything |
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43 | 1035683 49680 66648 29096 3680 urxvt --enable-everything |
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44 | |
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45 | The very large size of the text section is explained by the |
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46 | east-asian encoding tables, which, if unused, take up disk space but |
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47 | nothing else and can be compiled out unless you rely on X11 core |
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48 | fonts that use those encodings. The BSS size comes from the 64k |
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49 | emergency buffer that my c++ compiler allocates (but of course |
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50 | doesn't use unless you are out of memory). Also, using an xft font |
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51 | instead of a core font immediately adds a few megabytes of RSS. Xft |
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52 | indeed is responsible for a lot of RSS even when not used. |
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53 | |
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54 | Of course, due to every character using two or four bytes instead of |
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55 | one, a large scrollback buffer will ultimately make rxvt-unicode use |
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56 | more memory. |
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57 | |
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58 | Compared to e.g. Eterm (5112k), aterm (3132k) and xterm (4680k), |
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59 | this still fares rather well. And compared to some monsters like |
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60 | gnome-terminal (21152k + extra 4204k in separate processes) or |
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61 | konsole (22200k + extra 43180k in daemons that stay around after |
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62 | exit, plus half a minute of startup time, including the hundreds of |
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63 | warnings it spits out), it fares extremely well *g*. |
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64 | |
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65 | Why C++, isn't that unportable/bloated/uncool? |
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66 | Is this a question? :) It comes up very often. The simple answer is: |
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67 | I had to write it, and C++ allowed me to write and maintain it in a |
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68 | fraction of the time and effort (which is a scarce resource for me). |
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69 | Put even shorter: It simply wouldn't exist without C++. |
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70 | |
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71 | My personal stance on this is that C++ is less portable than C, but |
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72 | in the case of rxvt-unicode this hardly matters, as its portability |
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73 | limits are defined by things like X11, pseudo terminals, locale |
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74 | support and unix domain sockets, which are all less portable than |
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75 | C++ itself. |
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76 | |
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77 | Regarding the bloat, see the above question: It's easy to write |
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78 | programs in C that use gobs of memory, an certainly possible to |
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79 | write programs in C++ that don't. C++ also often comes with large |
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80 | libraries, but this is not necessarily the case with GCC. Here is |
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81 | what rxvt links against on my system with a minimal config: |
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82 | |
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83 | libX11.so.6 => /usr/X11R6/lib/libX11.so.6 (0x00002aaaaabc3000) |
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84 | libc.so.6 => /lib/libc.so.6 (0x00002aaaaadde000) |
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85 | libdl.so.2 => /lib/libdl.so.2 (0x00002aaaab01d000) |
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86 | /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (0x00002aaaaaaab000) |
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87 | |
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88 | And here is rxvt-unicode: |
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89 | |
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90 | libX11.so.6 => /usr/X11R6/lib/libX11.so.6 (0x00002aaaaabc3000) |
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91 | libgcc_s.so.1 => /lib/libgcc_s.so.1 (0x00002aaaaada2000) |
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92 | libc.so.6 => /lib/libc.so.6 (0x00002aaaaaeb0000) |
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93 | libdl.so.2 => /lib/libdl.so.2 (0x00002aaaab0ee000) |
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94 | /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (0x00002aaaaaaab000) |
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95 | |
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96 | No large bloated libraries (of course, none were linked in |
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97 | statically), except maybe libX11 :) |
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98 | |
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99 | Does it support tabs, can I have a tabbed rxvt-unicode? |
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100 | rxvt-unicode does not directly support tabs. It will work fine with |
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101 | tabbing functionality of many window managers or similar tabbing |
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102 | programs, and its embedding-features allow it to be embedded into |
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103 | other programs, as witnessed by doc/rxvt-tabbed or the upcoming |
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104 | "Gtk2::URxvt" perl module, which features a tabbed urxvt (murxvt) |
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105 | terminal as an example embedding application. |
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106 | |
| 2 | How do I know which rxvt-unicode version I'm using? |
107 | How do I know which rxvt-unicode version I'm using? |
| 3 | The version number is displayed with the usage (-h). Also the escape |
108 | The version number is displayed with the usage (-h). Also the escape |
| 4 | sequence "ESC [ 8 n" sets the window title to the version number. |
109 | sequence "ESC [ 8 n" sets the window title to the version number. |
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110 | When using the rxvtc client, the version displayed is that of the |
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111 | daemon. |
| 5 | |
112 | |
| 6 | I am using Debian GNU/Linux and have a problem... |
113 | I am using Debian GNU/Linux and have a problem... |
| 7 | The Debian GNU/Linux package of rxvt-unicode contains large patches |
114 | The Debian GNU/Linux package of rxvt-unicode in sarge contains large |
| 8 | that considerably change the behaviour of rxvt-unicode. Before |
115 | patches that considerably change the behaviour of rxvt-unicode. |
| 9 | reporting a bug to the original rxvt-unicode author please download |
116 | Before reporting a bug to the original rxvt-unicode author please |
| 10 | and install the genuine version |
117 | download and install the genuine version |
| 11 | (<http://software.schmorp.de#rxvt-unicode>) and try to reproduce the |
118 | (<http://software.schmorp.de#rxvt-unicode>) and try to reproduce the |
| 12 | problem. If you cannot, chances are that the problems are specific |
119 | problem. If you cannot, chances are that the problems are specific |
| 13 | to Debian GNU/Linux, in which case it should be reported via the |
120 | to Debian GNU/Linux, in which case it should be reported via the |
| 14 | Debian Bug Tracking System (use "reportbug" to report the bug). |
121 | Debian Bug Tracking System (use "reportbug" to report the bug). |
| 15 | |
122 | |
| 16 | For other problems that also affect the Debian package, you can and |
123 | For other problems that also affect the Debian package, you can and |
| 17 | probably should use the Debian BTS, too, because, after all, it's |
124 | probably should use the Debian BTS, too, because, after all, it's |
| 18 | also a bug in the Debian version and it serves as a reminder for |
125 | also a bug in the Debian version and it serves as a reminder for |
| 19 | other users that might encounter the same issue. |
126 | other users that might encounter the same issue. |
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127 | |
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128 | I am maintaining rxvt-unicode for distribution/OS XXX, any |
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129 | recommendation? |
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130 | You should build one binary with the default options. configure now |
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131 | enables most useful options, and the trend goes to making them |
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132 | runtime-switchable, too, so there is usually no drawback to enbaling |
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133 | them, except higher disk and possibly memory usage. The perl |
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134 | interpreter should be enabled, as important functionality (menus, |
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135 | selection, likely more in the future) depends on it. |
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136 | |
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137 | You should not overwrite the "perl-ext-common" snd "perl-ext" |
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138 | resources system-wide (except maybe with "defaults"). This will |
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139 | result in useful behaviour. If your distribution aims at low memory, |
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140 | add an empty "perl-ext-common" resource to the app-defaults file. |
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141 | This will keep the perl interpreter disabled until the user enables |
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142 | it. |
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143 | |
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144 | If you can/want build more binaries, I recommend building a minimal |
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145 | one with "--disable-everything" (very useful) and a maximal one with |
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146 | "--enable-everything" (less useful, it will be very big due to a lot |
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147 | of encodings built-in that increase download times and are rarely |
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148 | used). |
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149 | |
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150 | I need to make it setuid/setgid to support utmp/ptys on my OS, is this |
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151 | safe? |
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152 | Likely not. While I honestly try to make it secure, and am probably |
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153 | not bad at it, I think it is simply unreasonable to expect all of |
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154 | freetype + fontconfig + xft + xlib + perl + ... + rxvt-unicode |
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155 | itself to all be secure. Also, rxvt-unicode disables some options |
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156 | when it detects that it runs setuid or setgid, which is not nice. |
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157 | Besides, with the embedded perl interpreter the possibility for |
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158 | security problems easily multiplies. |
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159 | |
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160 | Elevated privileges are only required for utmp and pty operations on |
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161 | some systems (for example, GNU/Linux doesn't need any extra |
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162 | privileges for ptys, but some need it for utmp support). It is |
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163 | planned to mvoe this into a forked handler process, but this is not |
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164 | yet done. |
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165 | |
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166 | So, while setuid/setgid operation is supported and not a problem on |
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167 | your typical single-user-no-other-logins unix desktop, always |
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168 | remember that its an awful lot of code, most of which isn't checked |
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169 | for security issues regularly. |
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170 | |
| 21 | When I log-in to another system it tells me about missing terminfo data? |
171 | When I log-in to another system it tells me about missing terminfo data? |
| 22 | The terminal description used by rxvt-unicode is not as widely |
172 | The terminal description used by rxvt-unicode is not as widely |
| 23 | available as that for xterm, or even rxvt (for which the same |
173 | available as that for xterm, or even rxvt (for which the same |
| 24 | problem often arises). |
174 | problem often arises). |
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| 45 | URxvt.termName: rxvt |
195 | URxvt.termName: rxvt |
| 46 | |
196 | |
| 47 | If you don't plan to use rxvt (quite common...) you could also |
197 | If you don't plan to use rxvt (quite common...) you could also |
| 48 | replace the rxvt terminfo file with the rxvt-unicode one. |
198 | replace the rxvt terminfo file with the rxvt-unicode one. |
| 49 | |
199 | |
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200 | "tic" outputs some error when compiling the terminfo entry. |
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201 | Most likely it's the empty definition for "enacs=". Just replace it |
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202 | by "enacs=\E[0@" and try again. |
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203 | |
| 50 | "bash"'s readline does not work correctly under rxvt. |
204 | "bash"'s readline does not work correctly under rxvt. |
| 51 | I need a termcap file entry. |
205 | I need a termcap file entry. |
| 52 | One reason you might want this is that some distributions or |
206 | One reason you might want this is that some distributions or |
| 53 | operating systems still compile some programs using the |
207 | operating systems still compile some programs using the |
| 54 | long-obsoleted termcap library (Fedora Core's bash is one example) |
208 | long-obsoleted termcap library (Fedora Core's bash is one example) |
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| 65 | rxvt-unicode|rxvt-unicode terminal (X Window System):\ |
219 | rxvt-unicode|rxvt-unicode terminal (X Window System):\ |
| 66 | :am:bw:eo:km:mi:ms:xn:xo:\ |
220 | :am:bw:eo:km:mi:ms:xn:xo:\ |
| 67 | :co#80:it#8:li#24:lm#0:\ |
221 | :co#80:it#8:li#24:lm#0:\ |
| 68 | :AL=\E[%dL:DC=\E[%dP:DL=\E[%dM:DO=\E[%dB:IC=\E[%d@:\ |
222 | :AL=\E[%dL:DC=\E[%dP:DL=\E[%dM:DO=\E[%dB:IC=\E[%d@:\ |
| 69 | :K1=\EOw:K2=\EOu:K3=\EOy:K4=\EOq:K5=\EOs:LE=\E[%dD:\ |
223 | :K1=\EOw:K2=\EOu:K3=\EOy:K4=\EOq:K5=\EOs:LE=\E[%dD:\ |
| 70 | :RI=\E[%dC:SF=\E[%dS:SR=\E[%dT:UP=\E[%dA:ae=^O:al=\E[L:\ |
224 | :RI=\E[%dC:SF=\E[%dS:SR=\E[%dT:UP=\E[%dA:ae=\E(B:al=\E[L:\ |
| 71 | :as=^N:bl=^G:cd=\E[J:ce=\E[K:cl=\E[H\E[2J:cm=\E[%i%d;%dH:\ |
225 | :as=\E(0:bl=^G:cd=\E[J:ce=\E[K:cl=\E[H\E[2J:\ |
| 72 | :cr=^M:cs=\E[%i%d;%dr:ct=\E[3g:dc=\E[P:dl=\E[M:do=^J:\ |
226 | :cm=\E[%i%d;%dH:cr=^M:cs=\E[%i%d;%dr:ct=\E[3g:dc=\E[P:\ |
| 73 | :ec=\E[%dX:ei=\E[4l:ho=\E[H:i1=\E[?47l\E=\E[?1l:ic=\E[@:\ |
227 | :dl=\E[M:do=^J:ec=\E[%dX:ei=\E[4l:ho=\E[H:\ |
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228 | :i1=\E[?47l\E=\E[?1l:ic=\E[@:im=\E[4h:\ |
| 74 | :im=\E[4h:is=\E[r\E[m\E[2J\E[H\E[?7h\E[?1;3;4;6l\E[4l:\ |
229 | :is=\E[r\E[m\E[2J\E[H\E[?7h\E[?1;3;4;6l\E[4l:\ |
| 75 | :k1=\E[11~:k2=\E[12~:k3=\E[13~:k4=\E[14~:k5=\E[15~:\ |
230 | :k1=\E[11~:k2=\E[12~:k3=\E[13~:k4=\E[14~:k5=\E[15~:\ |
| 76 | :k6=\E[17~:k7=\E[18~:k8=\E[19~:k9=\E[20~:kD=\E[3~:\ |
231 | :k6=\E[17~:k7=\E[18~:k8=\E[19~:k9=\E[20~:kD=\E[3~:\ |
| 77 | :kI=\E[2~:kN=\E[6~:kP=\E[5~:kb=\177:kd=\EOB:ke=\E[?1l\E>:\ |
232 | :kI=\E[2~:kN=\E[6~:kP=\E[5~:kb=\177:kd=\EOB:ke=\E[?1l\E>:\ |
| 78 | :kh=\E[7~:kl=\EOD:kr=\EOC:ks=\E[?1h\E=:ku=\EOA:le=^H:\ |
233 | :kh=\E[7~:kl=\EOD:kr=\EOC:ks=\E[?1h\E=:ku=\EOA:le=^H:\ |
| 79 | :mb=\E[5m:md=\E[1m:me=\E[m\017:mr=\E[7m:nd=\E[C:rc=\E8:\ |
234 | :mb=\E[5m:md=\E[1m:me=\E[m\017:mr=\E[7m:nd=\E[C:rc=\E8:\ |
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| 225 | that doesn't work, you might be forced to use a different font. |
380 | that doesn't work, you might be forced to use a different font. |
| 226 | |
381 | |
| 227 | All of this is not a problem when using X11 core fonts, as their |
382 | All of this is not a problem when using X11 core fonts, as their |
| 228 | bounding box data is correct. |
383 | bounding box data is correct. |
| 229 | |
384 | |
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385 | On Solaris 9, many line-drawing characters are too wide. |
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386 | Seems to be a known bug, read |
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387 | <http://nixdoc.net/files/forum/about34198.html>. Some people use the |
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388 | following ugly workaround to get non-double-wide-characters working: |
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389 | |
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390 | #define wcwidth(x) wcwidth(x) > 1 ? 1 : wcwidth(x) |
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391 | |
| 230 | My Compose (Multi_key) key is no longer working. |
392 | My Compose (Multi_key) key is no longer working. |
| 231 | The most common causes for this are that either your locale is not |
393 | The most common causes for this are that either your locale is not |
| 232 | set correctly, or you specified a preeditStyle that is not supported |
394 | set correctly, or you specified a preeditStyle that is not supported |
| 233 | by your input method. For example, if you specified OverTheSpot and |
395 | by your input method. For example, if you specified OverTheSpot and |
| 234 | your input method (e.g. the default input method handling Compose |
396 | your input method (e.g. the default input method handling Compose |
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| 278 | As you might have guessed, FreeBSD does neither define this symobl |
440 | As you might have guessed, FreeBSD does neither define this symobl |
| 279 | nor does it support it. Instead, it uses it's own internal |
441 | nor does it support it. Instead, it uses it's own internal |
| 280 | representation of wchar_t. This is, of course, completely fine with |
442 | representation of wchar_t. This is, of course, completely fine with |
| 281 | respect to standards. |
443 | respect to standards. |
| 282 | |
444 | |
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445 | However, that means rxvt-unicode only works in "POSIX", "ISO-8859-1" |
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446 | and "UTF-8" locales under FreeBSD (which all use Unicode as wchar_t. |
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447 | |
| 283 | However, "__STDC_ISO_10646__" is the only sane way to support |
448 | "__STDC_ISO_10646__" is the only sane way to support multi-language |
| 284 | multi-language apps in an OS, as using a locale-dependent (and |
449 | apps in an OS, as using a locale-dependent (and non-standardized) |
| 285 | non-standardized) representation of wchar_t makes it impossible to |
450 | representation of wchar_t makes it impossible to convert between |
| 286 | convert between wchar_t (as used by X11 and your applications) and |
451 | wchar_t (as used by X11 and your applications) and any other |
| 287 | any other encoding without implementing OS-specific-wrappers for |
452 | encoding without implementing OS-specific-wrappers for each and |
| 288 | each and every locale. There simply are no APIs to convert wchar_t |
453 | every locale. There simply are no APIs to convert wchar_t into |
| 289 | into anything except the current locale encoding. |
454 | anything except the current locale encoding. |
| 290 | |
455 | |
| 291 | Some applications (such as the formidable mlterm) work around this |
456 | Some applications (such as the formidable mlterm) work around this |
| 292 | by carrying their own replacement functions for character set |
457 | by carrying their own replacement functions for character set |
| 293 | handling with them, and either implementing OS-dependent hacks or |
458 | handling with them, and either implementing OS-dependent hacks or |
| 294 | doing multiple conversions (which is slow and unreliable in case the |
459 | doing multiple conversions (which is slow and unreliable in case the |
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| 296 | emulator). |
461 | emulator). |
| 297 | |
462 | |
| 298 | The rxvt-unicode author insists that the right way to fix this is in |
463 | The rxvt-unicode author insists that the right way to fix this is in |
| 299 | the system libraries once and for all, instead of forcing every app |
464 | the system libraries once and for all, instead of forcing every app |
| 300 | to carry complete replacements for them :) |
465 | to carry complete replacements for them :) |
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466 | |
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467 | I use Solaris 9 and it doesn't compile/work/etc. |
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468 | Try the diff in doc/solaris9.patch as a base. It fixes the worst |
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469 | problems with "wcwidth" and a compile problem. |
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470 | |
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471 | How can I use rxvt-unicode under cygwin? |
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472 | rxvt-unicode should compile and run out of the box on cygwin, using |
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473 | the X11 libraries that come with cygwin. libW11 emulation is no |
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474 | longer supported (and makes no sense, either, as it only supported a |
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475 | single font). I recommend starting the X-server in "-multiwindow" or |
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476 | "-rootless" mode instead, which will result in similar look&feel as |
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477 | the old libW11 emulation. |
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478 | |
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479 | At the time of this writing, cygwin didn't seem to support any |
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480 | multi-byte encodings (you might try "LC_CTYPE=C-UTF-8"), so you are |
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481 | likely limited to 8-bit encodings. |
| 301 | |
482 | |
| 302 | How does rxvt-unicode determine the encoding to use? |
483 | How does rxvt-unicode determine the encoding to use? |
| 303 | Is there an option to switch encodings? |
484 | Is there an option to switch encodings? |
| 304 | Unlike some other terminals, rxvt-unicode has no encoding switch, |
485 | Unlike some other terminals, rxvt-unicode has no encoding switch, |
| 305 | and no specific "utf-8" mode, such as xterm. In fact, it doesn't |
486 | and no specific "utf-8" mode, such as xterm. In fact, it doesn't |
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| 417 | it gets worse, as rxvt-unicode then uses 8 bytes per screen cell. |
598 | it gets worse, as rxvt-unicode then uses 8 bytes per screen cell. |
| 418 | |
599 | |
| 419 | Can I speed up Xft rendering somehow? |
600 | Can I speed up Xft rendering somehow? |
| 420 | Yes, the most obvious way to speed it up is to avoid Xft entirely, |
601 | Yes, the most obvious way to speed it up is to avoid Xft entirely, |
| 421 | as it is simply slow. If you still want Xft fonts you might try to |
602 | as it is simply slow. If you still want Xft fonts you might try to |
| 422 | disable antialiasing (by appending ":antialiasing=false"), which |
603 | disable antialiasing (by appending ":antialias=false"), which saves |
| 423 | saves lots of memory and also speeds up rendering considerably. |
604 | lots of memory and also speeds up rendering considerably. |
| 424 | |
605 | |
| 425 | Rxvt-unicode doesn't seem to anti-alias its fonts, what is wrong? |
606 | Rxvt-unicode doesn't seem to anti-alias its fonts, what is wrong? |
| 426 | Rxvt-unicode will use whatever you specify as a font. If it needs to |
607 | Rxvt-unicode will use whatever you specify as a font. If it needs to |
| 427 | fall back to it's default font search list it will prefer X11 core |
608 | fall back to it's default font search list it will prefer X11 core |
| 428 | fonts, because they are small and fast, and then use Xft fonts. It |
609 | fonts, because they are small and fast, and then use Xft fonts. It |
| … | |
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| 500 | URxvt.color14: #73f7ff |
681 | URxvt.color14: #73f7ff |
| 501 | URxvt.color7: #e1dddd |
682 | URxvt.color7: #e1dddd |
| 502 | URxvt.color15: #e1dddd |
683 | URxvt.color15: #e1dddd |
| 503 | |
684 | |
| 504 | How can I start rxvtd in a race-free way? |
685 | How can I start rxvtd in a race-free way? |
| 505 | Despite it's name, rxvtd is not a real daemon, but more like a |
686 | Try "rxvtd -f -o", which tells rxvtd to open the display, create the |
| 506 | server that answers rxvtc's requests, so it doesn't background |
687 | listening socket and then fork. |
| 507 | itself. |
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| 508 | |
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| 509 | To ensure rxvtd is listening on it's socket, you can use the |
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| 510 | following method to wait for the startup message before continuing: |
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| 511 | |
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| 512 | { rxvtd & } | read |
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| 513 | |
688 | |
| 514 | What's with the strange Backspace/Delete key behaviour? |
689 | What's with the strange Backspace/Delete key behaviour? |
| 515 | Assuming that the physical Backspace key corresponds to the |
690 | Assuming that the physical Backspace key corresponds to the |
| 516 | BackSpace keysym (not likely for Linux ... see the following |
691 | BackSpace keysym (not likely for Linux ... see the following |
| 517 | question) there are two standard values that can be used for |
692 | question) there are two standard values that can be used for |
