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Revision 1.25 by root, Thu Jan 12 05:37:34 2006 UTC vs.
Revision 1.37 by root, Tue Jan 31 00:58:20 2006 UTC

1FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS 1FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS
2 The new selection selects pieces that are too big, how can I select
3single words?
4 If you want to select e.g. alphanumeric words, you can use the following
5 setting:
6
7 URxvt.selection.pattern-0: ([[:word:]]+)
8
9 If you click more than twice, the selection will be extended more and
10 more.
11
12 To get a selection that is very similar to the old code, try this
13 pattern:
14
15 URxvt.selection.pattern-0: ([^"&'()*,;<=>?@[\\\\]^`{|})]+)
16
17 Please also note that the *LeftClick Shift-LeftClik* combination also
18 selects words like the old code.
19
2 I don't like the new selection/popups/hotkeys/perl, how do I 20 I don't like the new selection/popups/hotkeys/perl, how do I
3 change/disable it? 21change/disable it?
4 You can disable the perl extension completely by setting the 22 You can disable the perl extension completely by setting the
5 perl-ext-common resource to the empty string, which also keeps 23 perl-ext-common resource to the empty string, which also keeps
6 rxvt-unicode from initialising perl, saving memory. 24 rxvt-unicode from initialising perl, saving memory.
7 25
8 If you only want to disable specific features, you first have to 26 If you only want to disable specific features, you first have to
9 identify which perl extension is responsible. For this, read the 27 identify which perl extension is responsible. For this, read the section
10 section PREPACKAGED EXTENSIONS in the rxvtperl(3) manpage. For 28 PREPACKAGED EXTENSIONS in the rxvtperl(3) manpage. For example, to
11 example, to disable the selection-popup and option-popup, specify 29 disable the selection-popup and option-popup, specify this
12 this perl-ext-common resource: 30 perl-ext-common resource:
13 31
14 URxvt.perl-ext-common: default,-selection-popup,-option-popup 32 URxvt.perl-ext-common: default,-selection-popup,-option-popup
15 33
16 This will keep the default extensions, but disable the two popup 34 This will keep the default extensions, but disable the two popup
17 extensions. Some extensions can also be configured, for example, 35 extensions. Some extensions can also be configured, for example,
18 scrollback search mode is triggered by M-s. You can move it to any 36 scrollback search mode is triggered by M-s. You can move it to any other
19 other combination either by setting the searchable-scrollback 37 combination either by setting the searchable-scrollback resource:
20 resource:
21 38
22 URxvt.searchable-scrollback: CM-s 39 URxvt.searchable-scrollback: CM-s
23 40
41 The cursor moves when selecting text in the current input line, how
42do I switch this off?
43 During rlogin/ssh/telnet/etc. sessions, clicking near the cursor
44outputs strange escape sequences, how do I fix this?
45 These are caused by the "readline" perl extension. Under normal
46 circumstances, it will move your cursor around when you click into the
47 line that contains it. It tries hard not to do this at the wrong moment,
48 but when running a program that doesn't parse cursor movements or in
49 some cases during rlogin sessions, it fails to detect this properly.
50
51 You can permamently switch this feature off by disabling the "readline"
52 extension:
53
54 URxvt.perl-ext-common: default,-readline
55
56 Why doesn't rxvt-unicode read my resources?
57 Well, why, indeed? It does, in a way very similar to other X
58 applications. Most importantly, this means that if you or your OS loads
59 resources into the X display (the right way to do it), rxvt-unicode will
60 ignore any resource files in your home directory. It will only read
61 $HOME/.Xdefaults when no resources are attached to the display.
62
63 If you have or use an $HOME/.Xresources file, chances are that resources
64 are loaded into your X-server. In this case, you have to re-login after
65 every change (or run xrdb -merge $HOME/.Xresources).
66
67 Also consider the form resources have to use:
68
69 URxvt.resource: value
70
71 If you want to use another form (there are lots of different ways of
72 specifying resources), make sure you understand wether and why it works.
73 If unsure, use the form above.
74
75 I can't get transparency working, what am I doing wrong?
76 First of all, transparency isn't officially supported in rxvt-unicode,
77 so you are mostly on your own. Do not bug the author about it (but you
78 may bug everybody else). Also, if you can't get it working consider it a
79 rite of passage: ... and you failed.
80
81 Here are four ways to get transparency. Do read the manpage and option
82 descriptions for the programs mentioned and rxvt-unicode. Really, do it!
83
84 1. Use inheritPixmap:
85
86 Esetroot wallpaper.jpg
87 rxvt -ip -tint red -sh 40
88
89 That works. If you think it doesn't, you lack transparency and tinting
90 support, or you are unable to read.
91
92 2. Use a simple pixmap and emulate pseudo-transparency. This enables you
93 to use effects other than tinting and shading: Just shade/tint/whatever
94 your picture with gimp:
95
96 convert wallpaper.jpg -blur 20x20 -modulate 30 background.xpm
97 rxvt -pixmap background.xpm -pe automove-background
98
99 That works. If you think it doesn't, you lack XPM and Perl support, or
100 you are unable to read.
101
102 3. Use an ARGB visual:
103
104 rxvt -depth 32 -fg grey90 -bg rgba:0000/0000/4444/cccc
105
106 This requires XFT support, and the support of your X-server. If that
107 doesn't work for you, blame Xorg and Keith Packard. ARGB visuals aren't
108 there yet, no matter what they claim. Rxvt-Unicode contains the
109 neccessary bugfixes and workarounds for Xft and Xlib to make it work,
110 but that doesn't mean that your WM has the required kludges in place.
111
112 4. Use xcompmgr and let it do the job:
113
114 xprop -frame -f _NET_WM_WINDOW_OPACITY 32c \
115 -set _NET_WM_WINDOW_OPACITY 0xc0000000
116
117 Then click on a window you want to make transparent. Replace 0xc0000000
118 by other values to change the degree of opacity. If it doesn't work and
119 your server crashes, you got to keep the pieces.
120
24 Isn't rxvt supposed to be small? Don't all those features bloat? 121 Isn't rxvt supposed to be small? Don't all those features bloat?
25 I often get asked about this, and I think, no, they didn't cause 122 I often get asked about this, and I think, no, they didn't cause extra
26 extra bloat. If you compare a minimal rxvt and a minimal urxvt, you 123 bloat. If you compare a minimal rxvt and a minimal urxvt, you can see
27 can see that the urxvt binary is larger (due to some encoding tables 124 that the urxvt binary is larger (due to some encoding tables always
28 always being compiled in), but it actually uses less memory (RSS) 125 being compiled in), but it actually uses less memory (RSS) after
29 after startup. Even with "--disable-everything", this comparison is 126 startup. Even with "--disable-everything", this comparison is a bit
30 a bit unfair, as many features unique to urxvt (locale, encoding 127 unfair, as many features unique to urxvt (locale, encoding conversion,
31 conversion, iso14755 etc.) are already in use in this mode. 128 iso14755 etc.) are already in use in this mode.
32 129
33 text data bss drs rss filename 130 text data bss drs rss filename
34 98398 1664 24 15695 1824 rxvt --disable-everything 131 98398 1664 24 15695 1824 rxvt --disable-everything
35 188985 9048 66616 18222 1788 urxvt --disable-everything 132 188985 9048 66616 18222 1788 urxvt --disable-everything
36 133
37 When you "--enable-everything" (which _is_ unfair, as this involves 134 When you "--enable-everything" (which _is_ unfair, as this involves xft
38 xft and full locale/XIM support which are quite bloaty inside libX11 135 and full locale/XIM support which are quite bloaty inside libX11 and my
39 and my libc), the two diverge, but not unreasnobaly so. 136 libc), the two diverge, but not unreasnobaly so.
40 137
41 text data bss drs rss filename 138 text data bss drs rss filename
42 163431 2152 24 20123 2060 rxvt --enable-everything 139 163431 2152 24 20123 2060 rxvt --enable-everything
43 1035683 49680 66648 29096 3680 urxvt --enable-everything 140 1035683 49680 66648 29096 3680 urxvt --enable-everything
44 141
45 The very large size of the text section is explained by the 142 The very large size of the text section is explained by the east-asian
46 east-asian encoding tables, which, if unused, take up disk space but 143 encoding tables, which, if unused, take up disk space but nothing else
47 nothing else and can be compiled out unless you rely on X11 core 144 and can be compiled out unless you rely on X11 core fonts that use those
48 fonts that use those encodings. The BSS size comes from the 64k 145 encodings. The BSS size comes from the 64k emergency buffer that my c++
49 emergency buffer that my c++ compiler allocates (but of course 146 compiler allocates (but of course doesn't use unless you are out of
50 doesn't use unless you are out of memory). Also, using an xft font 147 memory). Also, using an xft font instead of a core font immediately adds
51 instead of a core font immediately adds a few megabytes of RSS. Xft 148 a few megabytes of RSS. Xft indeed is responsible for a lot of RSS even
52 indeed is responsible for a lot of RSS even when not used. 149 when not used.
53 150
54 Of course, due to every character using two or four bytes instead of 151 Of course, due to every character using two or four bytes instead of
55 one, a large scrollback buffer will ultimately make rxvt-unicode use 152 one, a large scrollback buffer will ultimately make rxvt-unicode use
56 more memory. 153 more memory.
57 154
58 Compared to e.g. Eterm (5112k), aterm (3132k) and xterm (4680k), 155 Compared to e.g. Eterm (5112k), aterm (3132k) and xterm (4680k), this
59 this still fares rather well. And compared to some monsters like 156 still fares rather well. And compared to some monsters like
60 gnome-terminal (21152k + extra 4204k in separate processes) or 157 gnome-terminal (21152k + extra 4204k in separate processes) or konsole
61 konsole (22200k + extra 43180k in daemons that stay around after 158 (22200k + extra 43180k in daemons that stay around after exit, plus half
62 exit, plus half a minute of startup time, including the hundreds of 159 a minute of startup time, including the hundreds of warnings it spits
63 warnings it spits out), it fares extremely well *g*. 160 out), it fares extremely well *g*.
64 161
65 Why C++, isn't that unportable/bloated/uncool? 162 Why C++, isn't that unportable/bloated/uncool?
66 Is this a question? :) It comes up very often. The simple answer is: 163 Is this a question? :) It comes up very often. The simple answer is: I
67 I had to write it, and C++ allowed me to write and maintain it in a 164 had to write it, and C++ allowed me to write and maintain it in a
68 fraction of the time and effort (which is a scarce resource for me). 165 fraction of the time and effort (which is a scarce resource for me). Put
69 Put even shorter: It simply wouldn't exist without C++. 166 even shorter: It simply wouldn't exist without C++.
70 167
71 My personal stance on this is that C++ is less portable than C, but 168 My personal stance on this is that C++ is less portable than C, but in
72 in the case of rxvt-unicode this hardly matters, as its portability 169 the case of rxvt-unicode this hardly matters, as its portability limits
73 limits are defined by things like X11, pseudo terminals, locale 170 are defined by things like X11, pseudo terminals, locale support and
74 support and unix domain sockets, which are all less portable than 171 unix domain sockets, which are all less portable than C++ itself.
75 C++ itself.
76 172
77 Regarding the bloat, see the above question: It's easy to write 173 Regarding the bloat, see the above question: It's easy to write programs
78 programs in C that use gobs of memory, an certainly possible to 174 in C that use gobs of memory, an certainly possible to write programs in
79 write programs in C++ that don't. C++ also often comes with large 175 C++ that don't. C++ also often comes with large libraries, but this is
80 libraries, but this is not necessarily the case with GCC. Here is 176 not necessarily the case with GCC. Here is what rxvt links against on my
81 what rxvt links against on my system with a minimal config: 177 system with a minimal config:
82 178
83 libX11.so.6 => /usr/X11R6/lib/libX11.so.6 (0x00002aaaaabc3000) 179 libX11.so.6 => /usr/X11R6/lib/libX11.so.6 (0x00002aaaaabc3000)
84 libc.so.6 => /lib/libc.so.6 (0x00002aaaaadde000) 180 libc.so.6 => /lib/libc.so.6 (0x00002aaaaadde000)
85 libdl.so.2 => /lib/libdl.so.2 (0x00002aaaab01d000) 181 libdl.so.2 => /lib/libdl.so.2 (0x00002aaaab01d000)
86 /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (0x00002aaaaaaab000) 182 /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (0x00002aaaaaaab000)
87 183
88 And here is rxvt-unicode: 184 And here is rxvt-unicode:
89 185
90 libX11.so.6 => /usr/X11R6/lib/libX11.so.6 (0x00002aaaaabc3000) 186 libX11.so.6 => /usr/X11R6/lib/libX11.so.6 (0x00002aaaaabc3000)
91 libgcc_s.so.1 => /lib/libgcc_s.so.1 (0x00002aaaaada2000) 187 libgcc_s.so.1 => /lib/libgcc_s.so.1 (0x00002aaaaada2000)
92 libc.so.6 => /lib/libc.so.6 (0x00002aaaaaeb0000) 188 libc.so.6 => /lib/libc.so.6 (0x00002aaaaaeb0000)
93 libdl.so.2 => /lib/libdl.so.2 (0x00002aaaab0ee000) 189 libdl.so.2 => /lib/libdl.so.2 (0x00002aaaab0ee000)
94 /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (0x00002aaaaaaab000) 190 /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (0x00002aaaaaaab000)
95 191
96 No large bloated libraries (of course, none were linked in 192 No large bloated libraries (of course, none were linked in statically),
97 statically), except maybe libX11 :) 193 except maybe libX11 :)
98 194
99 Does it support tabs, can I have a tabbed rxvt-unicode? 195 Does it support tabs, can I have a tabbed rxvt-unicode?
100 rxvt-unicode does not directly support tabs. It will work fine with 196 Beginning with version 7.3, there is a perl extension that implements a
101 tabbing functionality of many window managers or similar tabbing 197 simple tabbed terminal. It is installed by default, so any of these
102 programs, and its embedding-features allow it to be embedded into 198 should give you tabs:
103 other programs, as witnessed by doc/rxvt-tabbed or the upcoming 199
200 rxvt -pe tabbed
201
202 URxvt.perl-ext-common: default,tabbed
203
204 It will also work fine with tabbing functionality of many window
205 managers or similar tabbing programs, and its embedding-features allow
206 it to be embedded into other programs, as witnessed by doc/rxvt-tabbed
104 "Gtk2::URxvt" perl module, which features a tabbed urxvt (murxvt) 207 or the upcoming "Gtk2::URxvt" perl module, which features a tabbed urxvt
105 terminal as an example embedding application. 208 (murxvt) terminal as an example embedding application.
106 209
107 How do I know which rxvt-unicode version I'm using? 210 How do I know which rxvt-unicode version I'm using?
108 The version number is displayed with the usage (-h). Also the escape 211 The version number is displayed with the usage (-h). Also the escape
109 sequence "ESC [ 8 n" sets the window title to the version number. 212 sequence "ESC [ 8 n" sets the window title to the version number. When
110 When using the rxvtc client, the version displayed is that of the 213 using the rxvtc client, the version displayed is that of the daemon.
111 daemon.
112 214
113 I am using Debian GNU/Linux and have a problem... 215 I am using Debian GNU/Linux and have a problem...
114 The Debian GNU/Linux package of rxvt-unicode in sarge contains large 216 The Debian GNU/Linux package of rxvt-unicode in sarge contains large
115 patches that considerably change the behaviour of rxvt-unicode. 217 patches that considerably change the behaviour of rxvt-unicode (but
116 Before reporting a bug to the original rxvt-unicode author please 218 unfortunately this notice has been removed). Before reporting a bug to
117 download and install the genuine version 219 the original rxvt-unicode author please download and install the genuine
118 (<http://software.schmorp.de#rxvt-unicode>) and try to reproduce the 220 version (<http://software.schmorp.de#rxvt-unicode>) and try to reproduce
119 problem. If you cannot, chances are that the problems are specific 221 the problem. If you cannot, chances are that the problems are specific
120 to Debian GNU/Linux, in which case it should be reported via the 222 to Debian GNU/Linux, in which case it should be reported via the Debian
121 Debian Bug Tracking System (use "reportbug" to report the bug). 223 Bug Tracking System (use "reportbug" to report the bug).
122 224
123 For other problems that also affect the Debian package, you can and 225 For other problems that also affect the Debian package, you can and
124 probably should use the Debian BTS, too, because, after all, it's 226 probably should use the Debian BTS, too, because, after all, it's also a
125 also a bug in the Debian version and it serves as a reminder for 227 bug in the Debian version and it serves as a reminder for other users
126 other users that might encounter the same issue. 228 that might encounter the same issue.
127 229
128 I am maintaining rxvt-unicode for distribution/OS XXX, any 230 I am maintaining rxvt-unicode for distribution/OS XXX, any
129 recommendation? 231recommendation?
130 You should build one binary with the default options. configure now 232 You should build one binary with the default options. configure now
131 enables most useful options, and the trend goes to making them 233 enables most useful options, and the trend goes to making them
132 runtime-switchable, too, so there is usually no drawback to enbaling 234 runtime-switchable, too, so there is usually no drawback to enbaling
133 them, except higher disk and possibly memory usage. The perl 235 them, except higher disk and possibly memory usage. The perl interpreter
134 interpreter should be enabled, as important functionality (menus, 236 should be enabled, as important functionality (menus, selection, likely
135 selection, likely more in the future) depends on it. 237 more in the future) depends on it.
136 238
137 You should not overwrite the "perl-ext-common" snd "perl-ext" 239 You should not overwrite the "perl-ext-common" snd "perl-ext" resources
138 resources system-wide (except maybe with "defaults"). This will 240 system-wide (except maybe with "defaults"). This will result in useful
139 result in useful behaviour. If your distribution aims at low memory, 241 behaviour. If your distribution aims at low memory, add an empty
140 add an empty "perl-ext-common" resource to the app-defaults file. 242 "perl-ext-common" resource to the app-defaults file. This will keep the
141 This will keep the perl interpreter disabled until the user enables 243 perl interpreter disabled until the user enables it.
142 it.
143 244
144 If you can/want build more binaries, I recommend building a minimal 245 If you can/want build more binaries, I recommend building a minimal one
145 one with "--disable-everything" (very useful) and a maximal one with 246 with "--disable-everything" (very useful) and a maximal one with
146 "--enable-everything" (less useful, it will be very big due to a lot 247 "--enable-everything" (less useful, it will be very big due to a lot of
147 of encodings built-in that increase download times and are rarely 248 encodings built-in that increase download times and are rarely used).
148 used).
149 249
150 I need to make it setuid/setgid to support utmp/ptys on my OS, is this 250 I need to make it setuid/setgid to support utmp/ptys on my OS, is this safe?
151 safe? 251 It should be, starting with release 7.1. You are encouraged to properly
152 Likely not. While I honestly try to make it secure, and am probably 252 install urxvt with privileges necessary for your OS now.
153 not bad at it, I think it is simply unreasonable to expect all of
154 freetype + fontconfig + xft + xlib + perl + ... + rxvt-unicode
155 itself to all be secure. Also, rxvt-unicode disables some options
156 when it detects that it runs setuid or setgid, which is not nice.
157 Besides, with the embedded perl interpreter the possibility for
158 security problems easily multiplies.
159 253
160 Elevated privileges are only required for utmp and pty operations on 254 When rxvt-unicode detects that it runs setuid or setgid, it will fork
161 some systems (for example, GNU/Linux doesn't need any extra 255 into a helper process for privileged operations (pty handling on some
162 privileges for ptys, but some need it for utmp support). It is 256 systems, utmp/wtmp/lastlog handling on others) and drop privileges
163 planned to mvoe this into a forked handler process, but this is not 257 immediately. This is much safer than most other terminals that keep
164 yet done. 258 privileges while running (but is more relevant to urxvt, as it contains
259 things as perl interpreters, which might be "helpful" to attackers).
165 260
166 So, while setuid/setgid operation is supported and not a problem on 261 This forking is done as the very first within main(), which is very
167 your typical single-user-no-other-logins unix desktop, always 262 early and reduces possible bugs to initialisation code run before
168 remember that its an awful lot of code, most of which isn't checked 263 main(), or things like the dynamic loader of your system, which should
169 for security issues regularly. 264 result in very little risk.
170 265
171 When I log-in to another system it tells me about missing terminfo data? 266 When I log-in to another system it tells me about missing terminfo data?
172 The terminal description used by rxvt-unicode is not as widely 267 The terminal description used by rxvt-unicode is not as widely available
173 available as that for xterm, or even rxvt (for which the same 268 as that for xterm, or even rxvt (for which the same problem often
174 problem often arises). 269 arises).
175 270
176 The correct solution for this problem is to install the terminfo, 271 The correct solution for this problem is to install the terminfo, this
177 this can be done like this (with ncurses' infocmp): 272 can be done like this (with ncurses' infocmp):
178 273
179 REMOTE=remotesystem.domain 274 REMOTE=remotesystem.domain
180 infocmp rxvt-unicode | ssh $REMOTE "cat >/tmp/ti && tic /tmp/ti" 275 infocmp rxvt-unicode | ssh $REMOTE "cat >/tmp/ti && tic /tmp/ti"
181 276
182 ... or by installing rxvt-unicode normally on the remote system, 277 ... or by installing rxvt-unicode normally on the remote system,
183 278
184 If you cannot or do not want to do this, then you can simply set 279 If you cannot or do not want to do this, then you can simply set
185 "TERM=rxvt" or even "TERM=xterm", and live with the small number of 280 "TERM=rxvt" or even "TERM=xterm", and live with the small number of
186 problems arising, which includes wrong keymapping, less and 281 problems arising, which includes wrong keymapping, less and different
187 different colours and some refresh errors in fullscreen 282 colours and some refresh errors in fullscreen applications. It's a nice
188 applications. It's a nice quick-and-dirty workaround for rare cases, 283 quick-and-dirty workaround for rare cases, though.
189 though.
190 284
191 If you always want to do this (and are fine with the consequences) 285 If you always want to do this (and are fine with the consequences) you
192 you can either recompile rxvt-unicode with the desired TERM value or 286 can either recompile rxvt-unicode with the desired TERM value or use a
193 use a resource to set it: 287 resource to set it:
194 288
195 URxvt.termName: rxvt 289 URxvt.termName: rxvt
196 290
197 If you don't plan to use rxvt (quite common...) you could also 291 If you don't plan to use rxvt (quite common...) you could also replace
198 replace the rxvt terminfo file with the rxvt-unicode one. 292 the rxvt terminfo file with the rxvt-unicode one.
199 293
200 "tic" outputs some error when compiling the terminfo entry. 294 "tic" outputs some error when compiling the terminfo entry.
201 Most likely it's the empty definition for "enacs=". Just replace it 295 Most likely it's the empty definition for "enacs=". Just replace it by
202 by "enacs=\E[0@" and try again. 296 "enacs=\E[0@" and try again.
203 297
204 "bash"'s readline does not work correctly under rxvt. 298 "bash"'s readline does not work correctly under rxvt.
205 I need a termcap file entry. 299 I need a termcap file entry.
206 One reason you might want this is that some distributions or 300 One reason you might want this is that some distributions or operating
207 operating systems still compile some programs using the 301 systems still compile some programs using the long-obsoleted termcap
208 long-obsoleted termcap library (Fedora Core's bash is one example) 302 library (Fedora Core's bash is one example) and rely on a termcap entry
209 and rely on a termcap entry for "rxvt-unicode". 303 for "rxvt-unicode".
210 304
211 You could use rxvt's termcap entry with resonable results in many 305 You could use rxvt's termcap entry with resonable results in many cases.
212 cases. You can also create a termcap entry by using terminfo's 306 You can also create a termcap entry by using terminfo's infocmp program
213 infocmp program like this: 307 like this:
214 308
215 infocmp -C rxvt-unicode 309 infocmp -C rxvt-unicode
216 310
217 Or you could use this termcap entry, generated by the command above: 311 Or you could use this termcap entry, generated by the command above:
218 312
219 rxvt-unicode|rxvt-unicode terminal (X Window System):\ 313 rxvt-unicode|rxvt-unicode terminal (X Window System):\
220 :am:bw:eo:km:mi:ms:xn:xo:\ 314 :am:bw:eo:km:mi:ms:xn:xo:\
221 :co#80:it#8:li#24:lm#0:\ 315 :co#80:it#8:li#24:lm#0:\
222 :AL=\E[%dL:DC=\E[%dP:DL=\E[%dM:DO=\E[%dB:IC=\E[%d@:\ 316 :AL=\E[%dL:DC=\E[%dP:DL=\E[%dM:DO=\E[%dB:IC=\E[%d@:\
223 :K1=\EOw:K2=\EOu:K3=\EOy:K4=\EOq:K5=\EOs:LE=\E[%dD:\ 317 :K1=\EOw:K2=\EOu:K3=\EOy:K4=\EOq:K5=\EOs:LE=\E[%dD:\
224 :RI=\E[%dC:SF=\E[%dS:SR=\E[%dT:UP=\E[%dA:ae=\E(B:al=\E[L:\ 318 :RI=\E[%dC:SF=\E[%dS:SR=\E[%dT:UP=\E[%dA:ae=\E(B:al=\E[L:\
225 :as=\E(0:bl=^G:cd=\E[J:ce=\E[K:cl=\E[H\E[2J:\ 319 :as=\E(0:bl=^G:cd=\E[J:ce=\E[K:cl=\E[H\E[2J:\
226 :cm=\E[%i%d;%dH:cr=^M:cs=\E[%i%d;%dr:ct=\E[3g:dc=\E[P:\ 320 :cm=\E[%i%d;%dH:cr=^M:cs=\E[%i%d;%dr:ct=\E[3g:dc=\E[P:\
227 :dl=\E[M:do=^J:ec=\E[%dX:ei=\E[4l:ho=\E[H:\ 321 :dl=\E[M:do=^J:ec=\E[%dX:ei=\E[4l:ho=\E[H:\
228 :i1=\E[?47l\E=\E[?1l:ic=\E[@:im=\E[4h:\ 322 :i1=\E[?47l\E=\E[?1l:ic=\E[@:im=\E[4h:\
229 :is=\E[r\E[m\E[2J\E[H\E[?7h\E[?1;3;4;6l\E[4l:\ 323 :is=\E[r\E[m\E[2J\E[H\E[?7h\E[?1;3;4;6l\E[4l:\
230 :k1=\E[11~:k2=\E[12~:k3=\E[13~:k4=\E[14~:k5=\E[15~:\ 324 :k1=\E[11~:k2=\E[12~:k3=\E[13~:k4=\E[14~:k5=\E[15~:\
231 :k6=\E[17~:k7=\E[18~:k8=\E[19~:k9=\E[20~:kD=\E[3~:\ 325 :k6=\E[17~:k7=\E[18~:k8=\E[19~:k9=\E[20~:kD=\E[3~:\
232 :kI=\E[2~:kN=\E[6~:kP=\E[5~:kb=\177:kd=\EOB:ke=\E[?1l\E>:\ 326 :kI=\E[2~:kN=\E[6~:kP=\E[5~:kb=\177:kd=\EOB:ke=\E[?1l\E>:\
233 :kh=\E[7~:kl=\EOD:kr=\EOC:ks=\E[?1h\E=:ku=\EOA:le=^H:\ 327 :kh=\E[7~:kl=\EOD:kr=\EOC:ks=\E[?1h\E=:ku=\EOA:le=^H:\
234 :mb=\E[5m:md=\E[1m:me=\E[m\017:mr=\E[7m:nd=\E[C:rc=\E8:\ 328 :mb=\E[5m:md=\E[1m:me=\E[m\017:mr=\E[7m:nd=\E[C:rc=\E8:\
235 :sc=\E7:se=\E[27m:sf=^J:so=\E[7m:sr=\EM:st=\EH:ta=^I:\ 329 :sc=\E7:se=\E[27m:sf=^J:so=\E[7m:sr=\EM:st=\EH:ta=^I:\
236 :te=\E[r\E[?1049l:ti=\E[?1049h:ue=\E[24m:up=\E[A:\ 330 :te=\E[r\E[?1049l:ti=\E[?1049h:ue=\E[24m:up=\E[A:\
237 :us=\E[4m:vb=\E[?5h\E[?5l:ve=\E[?25h:vi=\E[?25l:\ 331 :us=\E[4m:vb=\E[?5h\E[?5l:ve=\E[?25h:vi=\E[?25l:\
238 :vs=\E[?25h: 332 :vs=\E[?25h:
239 333
240 Why does "ls" no longer have coloured output? 334 Why does "ls" no longer have coloured output?
241 The "ls" in the GNU coreutils unfortunately doesn't use terminfo to 335 The "ls" in the GNU coreutils unfortunately doesn't use terminfo to
242 decide wether a terminal has colour, but uses it's own configuration 336 decide wether a terminal has colour, but uses it's own configuration
243 file. Needless to say, "rxvt-unicode" is not in it's default file 337 file. Needless to say, "rxvt-unicode" is not in it's default file (among
244 (among with most other terminals supporting colour). Either add: 338 with most other terminals supporting colour). Either add:
245 339
246 TERM rxvt-unicode 340 TERM rxvt-unicode
247 341
248 to "/etc/DIR_COLORS" or simply add: 342 to "/etc/DIR_COLORS" or simply add:
249 343
250 alias ls='ls --color=auto' 344 alias ls='ls --color=auto'
251 345
252 to your ".profile" or ".bashrc". 346 to your ".profile" or ".bashrc".
253 347
254 Why doesn't vim/emacs etc. use the 88 colour mode? 348 Why doesn't vim/emacs etc. use the 88 colour mode?
255 Why doesn't vim/emacs etc. make use of italic? 349 Why doesn't vim/emacs etc. make use of italic?
256 Why are the secondary screen-related options not working properly? 350 Why are the secondary screen-related options not working properly?
257 Make sure you are using "TERM=rxvt-unicode". Some pre-packaged 351 Make sure you are using "TERM=rxvt-unicode". Some pre-packaged
258 distributions (most notably Debian GNU/Linux) break rxvt-unicode by 352 distributions (most notably Debian GNU/Linux) break rxvt-unicode by
259 setting "TERM" to "rxvt", which doesn't have these extra features. 353 setting "TERM" to "rxvt", which doesn't have these extra features.
260 Unfortunately, some of these (most notably, again, Debian GNU/Linux) 354 Unfortunately, some of these (most notably, again, Debian GNU/Linux)
261 furthermore fail to even install the "rxvt-unicode" terminfo file, 355 furthermore fail to even install the "rxvt-unicode" terminfo file, so
262 so you will need to install it on your own (See the question When I 356 you will need to install it on your own (See the question When I log-in
263 log-in to another system it tells me about missing terminfo data? on 357 to another system it tells me about missing terminfo data? on how to do
264 how to do this). 358 this).
265 359
266 My numerical keypad acts weird and generates differing output? 360 My numerical keypad acts weird and generates differing output?
267 Some Debian GNUL/Linux users seem to have this problem, although no 361 Some Debian GNUL/Linux users seem to have this problem, although no
268 specific details were reported so far. It is possible that this is 362 specific details were reported so far. It is possible that this is
269 caused by the wrong "TERM" setting, although the details of wether 363 caused by the wrong "TERM" setting, although the details of wether and
270 and how this can happen are unknown, as "TERM=rxvt" should offer a 364 how this can happen are unknown, as "TERM=rxvt" should offer a
271 compatible keymap. See the answer to the previous question, and 365 compatible keymap. See the answer to the previous question, and please
272 please report if that helped. 366 report if that helped.
273 367
274 Rxvt-unicode does not seem to understand the selected encoding? 368 Rxvt-unicode does not seem to understand the selected encoding?
275 Unicode does not seem to work? 369 Unicode does not seem to work?
276 If you encounter strange problems like typing an accented character 370 If you encounter strange problems like typing an accented character but
277 but getting two unrelated other characters or similar, or if program 371 getting two unrelated other characters or similar, or if program output
278 output is subtly garbled, then you should check your locale 372 is subtly garbled, then you should check your locale settings.
279 settings.
280 373
281 Rxvt-unicode must be started with the same "LC_CTYPE" setting as the 374 Rxvt-unicode must be started with the same "LC_CTYPE" setting as the
282 programs. Often rxvt-unicode is started in the "C" locale, while the 375 programs. Often rxvt-unicode is started in the "C" locale, while the
283 login script running within the rxvt-unicode window changes the 376 login script running within the rxvt-unicode window changes the locale
284 locale to something else, e.g. "en_GB.UTF-8". Needless to say, this 377 to something else, e.g. "en_GB.UTF-8". Needless to say, this is not
285 is not going to work. 378 going to work.
286 379
287 The best thing is to fix your startup environment, as you will 380 The best thing is to fix your startup environment, as you will likely
288 likely run into other problems. If nothing works you can try this in 381 run into other problems. If nothing works you can try this in your
289 your .profile. 382 .profile.
290 383
291 printf '\e]701;%s\007' "$LC_CTYPE" 384 printf '\e]701;%s\007' "$LC_CTYPE"
292 385
293 If this doesn't work, then maybe you use a "LC_CTYPE" specification 386 If this doesn't work, then maybe you use a "LC_CTYPE" specification not
294 not supported on your systems. Some systems have a "locale" command 387 supported on your systems. Some systems have a "locale" command which
295 which displays this (also, "perl -e0" can be used to check locale 388 displays this (also, "perl -e0" can be used to check locale settings, as
296 settings, as it will complain loudly if it cannot set the locale). 389 it will complain loudly if it cannot set the locale). If it displays
297 If it displays something like: 390 something like:
298 391
299 locale: Cannot set LC_CTYPE to default locale: ... 392 locale: Cannot set LC_CTYPE to default locale: ...
300 393
301 Then the locale you specified is not supported on your system. 394 Then the locale you specified is not supported on your system.
302 395
303 If nothing works and you are sure that everything is set correctly 396 If nothing works and you are sure that everything is set correctly then
304 then you will need to remember a little known fact: Some programs 397 you will need to remember a little known fact: Some programs just don't
305 just don't support locales :( 398 support locales :(
306 399
307 Why do some characters look so much different than others? 400 Why do some characters look so much different than others?
308 How does rxvt-unicode choose fonts? 401 How does rxvt-unicode choose fonts?
309 Most fonts do not contain the full range of Unicode, which is fine. 402 Most fonts do not contain the full range of Unicode, which is fine.
310 Chances are that the font you (or the admin/package maintainer of 403 Chances are that the font you (or the admin/package maintainer of your
311 your system/os) have specified does not cover all the characters you 404 system/os) have specified does not cover all the characters you want to
312 want to display. 405 display.
313 406
314 rxvt-unicode makes a best-effort try at finding a replacement font. 407 rxvt-unicode makes a best-effort try at finding a replacement font.
315 Often the result is fine, but sometimes the chosen font looks 408 Often the result is fine, but sometimes the chosen font looks
316 bad/ugly/wrong. Some fonts have totally strange characters that 409 bad/ugly/wrong. Some fonts have totally strange characters that don't
317 don't resemble the correct glyph at all, and rxvt-unicode lacks the 410 resemble the correct glyph at all, and rxvt-unicode lacks the artificial
318 artificial intelligence to detect that a specific glyph is wrong: it 411 intelligence to detect that a specific glyph is wrong: it has to believe
319 has to believe the font that the characters it claims to contain 412 the font that the characters it claims to contain indeed look correct.
320 indeed look correct.
321 413
322 In that case, select a font of your taste and add it to the font 414 In that case, select a font of your taste and add it to the font list,
323 list, e.g.: 415 e.g.:
324 416
325 rxvt -fn basefont,font2,font3... 417 rxvt -fn basefont,font2,font3...
326 418
327 When rxvt-unicode sees a character, it will first look at the base 419 When rxvt-unicode sees a character, it will first look at the base font.
328 font. If the base font does not contain the character, it will go to 420 If the base font does not contain the character, it will go to the next
329 the next font, and so on. Specifying your own fonts will also speed 421 font, and so on. Specifying your own fonts will also speed up this
330 up this search and use less resources within rxvt-unicode and the 422 search and use less resources within rxvt-unicode and the X-server.
331 X-server.
332 423
333 The only limitation is that none of the fonts may be larger than the 424 The only limitation is that none of the fonts may be larger than the
334 base font, as the base font defines the terminal character cell 425 base font, as the base font defines the terminal character cell size,
335 size, which must be the same due to the way terminals work. 426 which must be the same due to the way terminals work.
336 427
337 Why do some chinese characters look so different than others? 428 Why do some chinese characters look so different than others?
338 This is because there is a difference between script and language -- 429 This is because there is a difference between script and language --
339 rxvt-unicode does not know which language the text that is output 430 rxvt-unicode does not know which language the text that is output is, as
340 is, as it only knows the unicode character codes. If rxvt-unicode 431 it only knows the unicode character codes. If rxvt-unicode first sees a
341 first sees a japanese/chinese character, it might choose a japanese 432 japanese/chinese character, it might choose a japanese font for display.
342 font for display. Subsequent japanese characters will use that font. 433 Subsequent japanese characters will use that font. Now, many chinese
343 Now, many chinese characters aren't represented in japanese fonts, 434 characters aren't represented in japanese fonts, so when the first
344 so when the first non-japanese character comes up, rxvt-unicode will 435 non-japanese character comes up, rxvt-unicode will look for a chinese
345 look for a chinese font -- unfortunately at this point, it will 436 font -- unfortunately at this point, it will still use the japanese font
346 still use the japanese font for chinese characters that are also in 437 for chinese characters that are also in the japanese font.
347 the japanese font.
348 438
349 The workaround is easy: just tag a chinese font at the end of your 439 The workaround is easy: just tag a chinese font at the end of your font
350 font list (see the previous question). The key is to view the font 440 list (see the previous question). The key is to view the font list as a
351 list as a preference list: If you expect more japanese, list a 441 preference list: If you expect more japanese, list a japanese font
352 japanese font first. If you expect more chinese, put a chinese font 442 first. If you expect more chinese, put a chinese font first.
353 first.
354 443
355 In the future it might be possible to switch language preferences at 444 In the future it might be possible to switch language preferences at
356 runtime (the internal data structure has no problem with using 445 runtime (the internal data structure has no problem with using different
357 different fonts for the same character at the same time, but no 446 fonts for the same character at the same time, but no interface for this
358 interface for this has been designed yet). 447 has been designed yet).
359 448
360 Until then, you might get away with switching fonts at runtime (see 449 Until then, you might get away with switching fonts at runtime (see "Can
361 "Can I switch the fonts at runtime?" later in this document). 450 I switch the fonts at runtime?" later in this document).
362 451
363 Why does rxvt-unicode sometimes leave pixel droppings? 452 Why does rxvt-unicode sometimes leave pixel droppings?
364 Most fonts were not designed for terminal use, which means that 453 Most fonts were not designed for terminal use, which means that
365 character size varies a lot. A font that is otherwise fine for 454 character size varies a lot. A font that is otherwise fine for terminal
366 terminal use might contain some characters that are simply too wide. 455 use might contain some characters that are simply too wide. Rxvt-unicode
367 Rxvt-unicode will avoid these characters. For characters that are 456 will avoid these characters. For characters that are just "a bit" too
368 just "a bit" too wide a special "careful" rendering mode is used 457 wide a special "careful" rendering mode is used that redraws adjacent
369 that redraws adjacent characters. 458 characters.
370 459
371 All of this requires that fonts do not lie about character sizes, 460 All of this requires that fonts do not lie about character sizes,
372 however: Xft fonts often draw glyphs larger than their acclaimed 461 however: Xft fonts often draw glyphs larger than their acclaimed
373 bounding box, and rxvt-unicode has no way of detecting this (the 462 bounding box, and rxvt-unicode has no way of detecting this (the correct
374 correct way is to ask for the character bounding box, which 463 way is to ask for the character bounding box, which unfortunately is
375 unfortunately is wrong in these cases). 464 wrong in these cases).
376 465
377 It's not clear (to me at least), wether this is a bug in Xft, 466 It's not clear (to me at least), wether this is a bug in Xft, freetype,
378 freetype, or the respective font. If you encounter this problem you 467 or the respective font. If you encounter this problem you might try
379 might try using the "-lsp" option to give the font more height. If 468 using the "-lsp" option to give the font more height. If that doesn't
380 that doesn't work, you might be forced to use a different font. 469 work, you might be forced to use a different font.
381 470
382 All of this is not a problem when using X11 core fonts, as their 471 All of this is not a problem when using X11 core fonts, as their
383 bounding box data is correct. 472 bounding box data is correct.
384 473
385 On Solaris 9, many line-drawing characters are too wide. 474 On Solaris 9, many line-drawing characters are too wide.
386 Seems to be a known bug, read 475 Seems to be a known bug, read
387 <http://nixdoc.net/files/forum/about34198.html>. Some people use the 476 <http://nixdoc.net/files/forum/about34198.html>. Some people use the
388 following ugly workaround to get non-double-wide-characters working: 477 following ugly workaround to get non-double-wide-characters working:
389 478
390 #define wcwidth(x) wcwidth(x) > 1 ? 1 : wcwidth(x) 479 #define wcwidth(x) wcwidth(x) > 1 ? 1 : wcwidth(x)
391 480
392 My Compose (Multi_key) key is no longer working. 481 My Compose (Multi_key) key is no longer working.
393 The most common causes for this are that either your locale is not 482 The most common causes for this are that either your locale is not set
394 set correctly, or you specified a preeditStyle that is not supported 483 correctly, or you specified a preeditStyle that is not supported by your
395 by your input method. For example, if you specified OverTheSpot and 484 input method. For example, if you specified OverTheSpot and your input
396 your input method (e.g. the default input method handling Compose 485 method (e.g. the default input method handling Compose keys) does not
397 keys) does not support this (for instance because it is not visual), 486 support this (for instance because it is not visual), then rxvt-unicode
398 then rxvt-unicode will continue without an input method. 487 will continue without an input method.
399 488
400 In this case either do not specify a preeditStyle or specify more 489 In this case either do not specify a preeditStyle or specify more than
401 than one pre-edit style, such as OverTheSpot,Root,None. 490 one pre-edit style, such as OverTheSpot,Root,None.
402 491
403 I cannot type "Ctrl-Shift-2" to get an ASCII NUL character due to ISO 492 I cannot type "Ctrl-Shift-2" to get an ASCII NUL character due to ISO 14755
404 14755
405 Either try "Ctrl-2" alone (it often is mapped to ASCII NUL even on 493 Either try "Ctrl-2" alone (it often is mapped to ASCII NUL even on
406 international keyboards) or simply use ISO 14755 support to your 494 international keyboards) or simply use ISO 14755 support to your
407 advantage, typing <Ctrl-Shift-0> to get a ASCII NUL. This works for 495 advantage, typing <Ctrl-Shift-0> to get a ASCII NUL. This works for
408 other codes, too, such as "Ctrl-Shift-1-d" to type the default 496 other codes, too, such as "Ctrl-Shift-1-d" to type the default telnet
409 telnet escape character and so on. 497 escape character and so on.
410 498
411 How can I keep rxvt-unicode from using reverse video so much? 499 How can I keep rxvt-unicode from using reverse video so much?
412 First of all, make sure you are running with the right terminal 500 First of all, make sure you are running with the right terminal settings
413 settings ("TERM=rxvt-unicode"), which will get rid of most of these 501 ("TERM=rxvt-unicode"), which will get rid of most of these effects. Then
414 effects. Then make sure you have specified colours for italic and 502 make sure you have specified colours for italic and bold, as otherwise
415 bold, as otherwise rxvt-unicode might use reverse video to simulate 503 rxvt-unicode might use reverse video to simulate the effect:
416 the effect:
417 504
418 URxvt.colorBD: white 505 URxvt.colorBD: white
419 URxvt.colorIT: green 506 URxvt.colorIT: green
420 507
421 Some programs assume totally weird colours (red instead of blue), how 508 Some programs assume totally weird colours (red instead of blue), how can I fix that?
422 can I fix that?
423 For some unexplainable reason, some rare programs assume a very 509 For some unexplainable reason, some rare programs assume a very weird
424 weird colour palette when confronted with a terminal with more than 510 colour palette when confronted with a terminal with more than the
425 the standard 8 colours (rxvt-unicode supports 88). The right fix is, 511 standard 8 colours (rxvt-unicode supports 88). The right fix is, of
426 of course, to fix these programs not to assume non-ISO colours 512 course, to fix these programs not to assume non-ISO colours without very
427 without very good reasons. 513 good reasons.
428 514
429 In the meantime, you can either edit your "rxvt-unicode" terminfo 515 In the meantime, you can either edit your "rxvt-unicode" terminfo
430 definition to only claim 8 colour support or use "TERM=rxvt", which 516 definition to only claim 8 colour support or use "TERM=rxvt", which will
431 will fix colours but keep you from using other rxvt-unicode 517 fix colours but keep you from using other rxvt-unicode features.
432 features.
433 518
434 I am on FreeBSD and rxvt-unicode does not seem to work at all. 519 I am on FreeBSD and rxvt-unicode does not seem to work at all.
435 Rxvt-unicode requires the symbol "__STDC_ISO_10646__" to be defined 520 Rxvt-unicode requires the symbol "__STDC_ISO_10646__" to be defined in
436 in your compile environment, or an implementation that implements 521 your compile environment, or an implementation that implements it,
437 it, wether it defines the symbol or not. "__STDC_ISO_10646__" 522 wether it defines the symbol or not. "__STDC_ISO_10646__" requires that
438 requires that wchar_t is represented as unicode. 523 wchar_t is represented as unicode.
439 524
440 As you might have guessed, FreeBSD does neither define this symobl 525 As you might have guessed, FreeBSD does neither define this symobl nor
441 nor does it support it. Instead, it uses it's own internal 526 does it support it. Instead, it uses it's own internal representation of
442 representation of wchar_t. This is, of course, completely fine with 527 wchar_t. This is, of course, completely fine with respect to standards.
443 respect to standards.
444 528
445 However, that means rxvt-unicode only works in "POSIX", "ISO-8859-1" 529 However, that means rxvt-unicode only works in "POSIX", "ISO-8859-1" and
446 and "UTF-8" locales under FreeBSD (which all use Unicode as wchar_t. 530 "UTF-8" locales under FreeBSD (which all use Unicode as wchar_t.
447 531
448 "__STDC_ISO_10646__" is the only sane way to support multi-language 532 "__STDC_ISO_10646__" is the only sane way to support multi-language apps
449 apps in an OS, as using a locale-dependent (and non-standardized) 533 in an OS, as using a locale-dependent (and non-standardized)
450 representation of wchar_t makes it impossible to convert between 534 representation of wchar_t makes it impossible to convert between wchar_t
451 wchar_t (as used by X11 and your applications) and any other 535 (as used by X11 and your applications) and any other encoding without
452 encoding without implementing OS-specific-wrappers for each and 536 implementing OS-specific-wrappers for each and every locale. There
453 every locale. There simply are no APIs to convert wchar_t into 537 simply are no APIs to convert wchar_t into anything except the current
454 anything except the current locale encoding. 538 locale encoding.
455 539
456 Some applications (such as the formidable mlterm) work around this 540 Some applications (such as the formidable mlterm) work around this by
457 by carrying their own replacement functions for character set 541 carrying their own replacement functions for character set handling with
458 handling with them, and either implementing OS-dependent hacks or 542 them, and either implementing OS-dependent hacks or doing multiple
459 doing multiple conversions (which is slow and unreliable in case the 543 conversions (which is slow and unreliable in case the OS implements
460 OS implements encodings slightly different than the terminal 544 encodings slightly different than the terminal emulator).
461 emulator).
462 545
463 The rxvt-unicode author insists that the right way to fix this is in 546 The rxvt-unicode author insists that the right way to fix this is in the
464 the system libraries once and for all, instead of forcing every app 547 system libraries once and for all, instead of forcing every app to carry
465 to carry complete replacements for them :) 548 complete replacements for them :)
466 549
467 I use Solaris 9 and it doesn't compile/work/etc. 550 I use Solaris 9 and it doesn't compile/work/etc.
468 Try the diff in doc/solaris9.patch as a base. It fixes the worst 551 Try the diff in doc/solaris9.patch as a base. It fixes the worst
469 problems with "wcwidth" and a compile problem. 552 problems with "wcwidth" and a compile problem.
470 553
471 How can I use rxvt-unicode under cygwin? 554 How can I use rxvt-unicode under cygwin?
472 rxvt-unicode should compile and run out of the box on cygwin, using 555 rxvt-unicode should compile and run out of the box on cygwin, using the
473 the X11 libraries that come with cygwin. libW11 emulation is no 556 X11 libraries that come with cygwin. libW11 emulation is no longer
474 longer supported (and makes no sense, either, as it only supported a 557 supported (and makes no sense, either, as it only supported a single
475 single font). I recommend starting the X-server in "-multiwindow" or 558 font). I recommend starting the X-server in "-multiwindow" or
476 "-rootless" mode instead, which will result in similar look&feel as 559 "-rootless" mode instead, which will result in similar look&feel as the
477 the old libW11 emulation. 560 old libW11 emulation.
478 561
479 At the time of this writing, cygwin didn't seem to support any 562 At the time of this writing, cygwin didn't seem to support any
480 multi-byte encodings (you might try "LC_CTYPE=C-UTF-8"), so you are 563 multi-byte encodings (you might try "LC_CTYPE=C-UTF-8"), so you are
481 likely limited to 8-bit encodings. 564 likely limited to 8-bit encodings.
482 565
483 How does rxvt-unicode determine the encoding to use? 566 How does rxvt-unicode determine the encoding to use?
484 Is there an option to switch encodings? 567 Is there an option to switch encodings?
485 Unlike some other terminals, rxvt-unicode has no encoding switch, 568 Unlike some other terminals, rxvt-unicode has no encoding switch, and no
486 and no specific "utf-8" mode, such as xterm. In fact, it doesn't 569 specific "utf-8" mode, such as xterm. In fact, it doesn't even know
487 even know about UTF-8 or any other encodings with respect to 570 about UTF-8 or any other encodings with respect to terminal I/O.
488 terminal I/O.
489 571
490 The reasons is that there exists a perfectly fine mechanism for 572 The reasons is that there exists a perfectly fine mechanism for
491 selecting the encoding, doing I/O and (most important) communicating 573 selecting the encoding, doing I/O and (most important) communicating
492 this to all applications so everybody agrees on character properties 574 this to all applications so everybody agrees on character properties
493 such as width and code number. This mechanism is the *locale*. 575 such as width and code number. This mechanism is the *locale*.
494 Applications not using that info will have problems (for example, 576 Applications not using that info will have problems (for example,
495 "xterm" gets the width of characters wrong as it uses it's own, 577 "xterm" gets the width of characters wrong as it uses it's own,
496 locale-independent table under all locales). 578 locale-independent table under all locales).
497 579
498 Rxvt-unicode uses the "LC_CTYPE" locale category to select encoding. 580 Rxvt-unicode uses the "LC_CTYPE" locale category to select encoding. All
499 All programs doing the same (that is, most) will automatically agree 581 programs doing the same (that is, most) will automatically agree in the
500 in the interpretation of characters. 582 interpretation of characters.
501 583
502 Unfortunately, there is no system-independent way to select locales, 584 Unfortunately, there is no system-independent way to select locales, nor
503 nor is there a standard on how locale specifiers will look like. 585 is there a standard on how locale specifiers will look like.
504 586
505 On most systems, the content of the "LC_CTYPE" environment variable 587 On most systems, the content of the "LC_CTYPE" environment variable
506 contains an arbitrary string which corresponds to an 588 contains an arbitrary string which corresponds to an already-installed
507 already-installed locale. Common names for locales are 589 locale. Common names for locales are "en_US.UTF-8", "de_DE.ISO-8859-15",
508 "en_US.UTF-8", "de_DE.ISO-8859-15", "ja_JP.EUC-JP", i.e. 590 "ja_JP.EUC-JP", i.e. "language_country.encoding", but other forms (i.e.
509 "language_country.encoding", but other forms (i.e. "de" or "german") 591 "de" or "german") are also common.
510 are also common.
511 592
512 Rxvt-unicode ignores all other locale categories, and except for the 593 Rxvt-unicode ignores all other locale categories, and except for the
513 encoding, ignores country or language-specific settings, i.e. 594 encoding, ignores country or language-specific settings, i.e.
514 "de_DE.UTF-8" and "ja_JP.UTF-8" are the normally same to 595 "de_DE.UTF-8" and "ja_JP.UTF-8" are the normally same to rxvt-unicode.
515 rxvt-unicode.
516 596
517 If you want to use a specific encoding you have to make sure you 597 If you want to use a specific encoding you have to make sure you start
518 start rxvt-unicode with the correct "LC_CTYPE" category. 598 rxvt-unicode with the correct "LC_CTYPE" category.
519 599
520 Can I switch locales at runtime? 600 Can I switch locales at runtime?
521 Yes, using an escape sequence. Try something like this, which sets 601 Yes, using an escape sequence. Try something like this, which sets
522 rxvt-unicode's idea of "LC_CTYPE". 602 rxvt-unicode's idea of "LC_CTYPE".
523 603
604 printf '\e]701;%s\007' ja_JP.SJIS
605
606 See also the previous answer.
607
608 Sometimes this capability is rather handy when you want to work in one
609 locale (e.g. "de_DE.UTF-8") but some programs don't support it (e.g.
610 UTF-8). For example, I use this script to start "xjdic", which first
611 switches to a locale supported by xjdic and back later:
612
524 printf '\e]701;%s\007' ja_JP.SJIS 613 printf '\e]701;%s\007' ja_JP.SJIS
525
526 See also the previous answer.
527
528 Sometimes this capability is rather handy when you want to work in
529 one locale (e.g. "de_DE.UTF-8") but some programs don't support it
530 (e.g. UTF-8). For example, I use this script to start "xjdic", which
531 first switches to a locale supported by xjdic and back later:
532
533 printf '\e]701;%s\007' ja_JP.SJIS
534 xjdic -js 614 xjdic -js
535 printf '\e]701;%s\007' de_DE.UTF-8 615 printf '\e]701;%s\007' de_DE.UTF-8
536 616
537 You can also use xterm's "luit" program, which usually works fine, 617 You can also use xterm's "luit" program, which usually works fine,
538 except for some locales where character width differs between 618 except for some locales where character width differs between program-
539 program- and rxvt-unicode-locales. 619 and rxvt-unicode-locales.
540 620
541 Can I switch the fonts at runtime? 621 Can I switch the fonts at runtime?
542 Yes, using an escape sequence. Try something like this, which has 622 Yes, using an escape sequence. Try something like this, which has the
543 the same effect as using the "-fn" switch, and takes effect 623 same effect as using the "-fn" switch, and takes effect immediately:
544 immediately:
545 624
546 printf '\e]50;%s\007' "9x15bold,xft:Kochi Gothic" 625 printf '\e]50;%s\007' "9x15bold,xft:Kochi Gothic"
547 626
548 This is useful if you e.g. work primarily with japanese (and prefer 627 This is useful if you e.g. work primarily with japanese (and prefer a
549 a japanese font), but you have to switch to chinese temporarily, 628 japanese font), but you have to switch to chinese temporarily, where
550 where japanese fonts would only be in your way. 629 japanese fonts would only be in your way.
551 630
552 You can think of this as a kind of manual ISO-2022 switching. 631 You can think of this as a kind of manual ISO-2022 switching.
553 632
554 Why do italic characters look as if clipped? 633 Why do italic characters look as if clipped?
555 Many fonts have difficulties with italic characters and hinting. For 634 Many fonts have difficulties with italic characters and hinting. For
556 example, the otherwise very nicely hinted font "xft:Bitstream Vera 635 example, the otherwise very nicely hinted font "xft:Bitstream Vera Sans
557 Sans Mono" completely fails in it's italic face. A workaround might 636 Mono" completely fails in it's italic face. A workaround might be to
558 be to enable freetype autohinting, i.e. like this: 637 enable freetype autohinting, i.e. like this:
559 638
560 URxvt.italicFont: xft:Bitstream Vera Sans Mono:italic:autohint=true 639 URxvt.italicFont: xft:Bitstream Vera Sans Mono:italic:autohint=true
561 URxvt.boldItalicFont: xft:Bitstream Vera Sans Mono:bold:italic:autohint=true 640 URxvt.boldItalicFont: xft:Bitstream Vera Sans Mono:bold:italic:autohint=true
562 641
563 My input method wants <some encoding> but I want UTF-8, what can I do? 642 My input method wants <some encoding> but I want UTF-8, what can I do?
564 You can specify separate locales for the input method and the rest 643 You can specify separate locales for the input method and the rest of
565 of the terminal, using the resource "imlocale": 644 the terminal, using the resource "imlocale":
566 645
567 URxvt*imlocale: ja_JP.EUC-JP 646 URxvt.imlocale: ja_JP.EUC-JP
568 647
569 Now you can start your terminal with "LC_CTYPE=ja_JP.UTF-8" and 648 Now you can start your terminal with "LC_CTYPE=ja_JP.UTF-8" and still
570 still use your input method. Please note, however, that you will not 649 use your input method. Please note, however, that you will not be able
571 be able to input characters outside "EUC-JP" in a normal way then, 650 to input characters outside "EUC-JP" in a normal way then, as your input
572 as your input method limits you. 651 method limits you.
573 652
574 Rxvt-unicode crashes when the X Input Method changes or exits. 653 Rxvt-unicode crashes when the X Input Method changes or exits.
575 Unfortunately, this is unavoidable, as the XIM protocol is racy by 654 Unfortunately, this is unavoidable, as the XIM protocol is racy by
576 design. Applications can avoid some crashes at the expense of memory 655 design. Applications can avoid some crashes at the expense of memory
577 leaks, and Input Methods can avoid some crashes by careful ordering 656 leaks, and Input Methods can avoid some crashes by careful ordering at
578 at exit time. kinput2 (and derived input methods) generally 657 exit time. kinput2 (and derived input methods) generally succeeds, while
579 succeeds, while SCIM (or similar input methods) fails. In the end, 658 SCIM (or similar input methods) fails. In the end, however, crashes
580 however, crashes cannot be completely avoided even if both sides 659 cannot be completely avoided even if both sides cooperate.
581 cooperate.
582 660
583 So the only workaround is not to kill your Input Method Servers. 661 So the only workaround is not to kill your Input Method Servers.
584 662
585 Rxvt-unicode uses gobs of memory, how can I reduce that? 663 Rxvt-unicode uses gobs of memory, how can I reduce that?
586 Rxvt-unicode tries to obey the rule of not charging you for 664 Rxvt-unicode tries to obey the rule of not charging you for something
587 something you don't use. One thing you should try is to configure 665 you don't use. One thing you should try is to configure out all settings
588 out all settings that you don't need, for example, Xft support is a 666 that you don't need, for example, Xft support is a resource hog by
589 resource hog by design, when used. Compiling it out ensures that no 667 design, when used. Compiling it out ensures that no Xft font will be
590 Xft font will be loaded accidentally when rxvt-unicode tries to find 668 loaded accidentally when rxvt-unicode tries to find a font for your
591 a font for your characters. 669 characters.
592 670
593 Also, many people (me included) like large windows and even larger 671 Also, many people (me included) like large windows and even larger
594 scrollback buffers: Without "--enable-unicode3", rxvt-unicode will 672 scrollback buffers: Without "--enable-unicode3", rxvt-unicode will use 6
595 use 6 bytes per screen cell. For a 160x?? window this amounts to 673 bytes per screen cell. For a 160x?? window this amounts to almost a
596 almost a kilobyte per line. A scrollback buffer of 10000 lines will 674 kilobyte per line. A scrollback buffer of 10000 lines will then (if
597 then (if full) use 10 Megabytes of memory. With "--enable-unicode3" 675 full) use 10 Megabytes of memory. With "--enable-unicode3" it gets
598 it gets worse, as rxvt-unicode then uses 8 bytes per screen cell. 676 worse, as rxvt-unicode then uses 8 bytes per screen cell.
599 677
600 Can I speed up Xft rendering somehow? 678 Can I speed up Xft rendering somehow?
601 Yes, the most obvious way to speed it up is to avoid Xft entirely, 679 Yes, the most obvious way to speed it up is to avoid Xft entirely, as it
602 as it is simply slow. If you still want Xft fonts you might try to 680 is simply slow. If you still want Xft fonts you might try to disable
603 disable antialiasing (by appending ":antialias=false"), which saves 681 antialiasing (by appending ":antialias=false"), which saves lots of
604 lots of memory and also speeds up rendering considerably. 682 memory and also speeds up rendering considerably.
605 683
606 Rxvt-unicode doesn't seem to anti-alias its fonts, what is wrong? 684 Rxvt-unicode doesn't seem to anti-alias its fonts, what is wrong?
607 Rxvt-unicode will use whatever you specify as a font. If it needs to 685 Rxvt-unicode will use whatever you specify as a font. If it needs to
608 fall back to it's default font search list it will prefer X11 core 686 fall back to it's default font search list it will prefer X11 core
609 fonts, because they are small and fast, and then use Xft fonts. It 687 fonts, because they are small and fast, and then use Xft fonts. It has
610 has antialiasing disabled for most of them, because the author 688 antialiasing disabled for most of them, because the author thinks they
611 thinks they look best that way. 689 look best that way.
612 690
613 If you want antialiasing, you have to specify the fonts manually. 691 If you want antialiasing, you have to specify the fonts manually.
614 692
615 Mouse cut/paste suddenly no longer works. 693 Mouse cut/paste suddenly no longer works.
616 Make sure that mouse reporting is actually turned off since killing 694 Make sure that mouse reporting is actually turned off since killing some
617 some editors prematurely may leave the mouse in mouse report mode. 695 editors prematurely may leave the mouse in mouse report mode. I've heard
618 I've heard that tcsh may use mouse reporting unless it otherwise 696 that tcsh may use mouse reporting unless it otherwise specified. A quick
619 specified. A quick check is to see if cut/paste works when the Alt 697 check is to see if cut/paste works when the Alt or Shift keys are
620 or Shift keys are depressed. See rxvt(7) 698 depressed.
621 699
622 What's with this bold/blink stuff? 700 What's with this bold/blink stuff?
623 If no bold colour is set via "colorBD:", bold will invert text using 701 If no bold colour is set via "colorBD:", bold will invert text using the
624 the standard foreground colour. 702 standard foreground colour.
625 703
626 For the standard background colour, blinking will actually make the 704 For the standard background colour, blinking will actually make the text
627 text blink when compiled with "--enable-blinking". with standard 705 blink when compiled with "--enable-blinking". with standard colours.
628 colours. Without "--enable-blinking", the blink attribute will be 706 Without "--enable-blinking", the blink attribute will be ignored.
629 ignored.
630 707
631 On ANSI colours, bold/blink attributes are used to set 708 On ANSI colours, bold/blink attributes are used to set high-intensity
632 high-intensity foreground/background colors. 709 foreground/background colors.
633 710
634 color0-7 are the low-intensity colors. 711 color0-7 are the low-intensity colors.
635 712
636 color8-15 are the corresponding high-intensity colors. 713 color8-15 are the corresponding high-intensity colors.
637 714
638 I don't like the screen colors. How do I change them? 715 I don't like the screen colors. How do I change them?
639 You can change the screen colors at run-time using ~/.Xdefaults 716 You can change the screen colors at run-time using ~/.Xdefaults
640 resources (or as long-options). 717 resources (or as long-options).
641 718
642 Here are values that are supposed to resemble a VGA screen, 719 Here are values that are supposed to resemble a VGA screen, including
643 including the murky brown that passes for low-intensity yellow: 720 the murky brown that passes for low-intensity yellow:
644 721
645 URxvt.color0: #000000 722 URxvt.color0: #000000
646 URxvt.color1: #A80000 723 URxvt.color1: #A80000
647 URxvt.color2: #00A800 724 URxvt.color2: #00A800
648 URxvt.color3: #A8A800 725 URxvt.color3: #A8A800
649 URxvt.color4: #0000A8 726 URxvt.color4: #0000A8
650 URxvt.color5: #A800A8 727 URxvt.color5: #A800A8
651 URxvt.color6: #00A8A8 728 URxvt.color6: #00A8A8
652 URxvt.color7: #A8A8A8 729 URxvt.color7: #A8A8A8
653 730
654 URxvt.color8: #000054 731 URxvt.color8: #000054
655 URxvt.color9: #FF0054 732 URxvt.color9: #FF0054
656 URxvt.color10: #00FF54 733 URxvt.color10: #00FF54
657 URxvt.color11: #FFFF54 734 URxvt.color11: #FFFF54
658 URxvt.color12: #0000FF 735 URxvt.color12: #0000FF
659 URxvt.color13: #FF00FF 736 URxvt.color13: #FF00FF
660 URxvt.color14: #00FFFF 737 URxvt.color14: #00FFFF
661 URxvt.color15: #FFFFFF 738 URxvt.color15: #FFFFFF
662 739
663 And here is a more complete set of non-standard colors described 740 And here is a more complete set of non-standard colors described (not by
664 (not by me) as "pretty girly". 741 me) as "pretty girly".
665 742
666 URxvt.cursorColor: #dc74d1 743 URxvt.cursorColor: #dc74d1
667 URxvt.pointerColor: #dc74d1 744 URxvt.pointerColor: #dc74d1
668 URxvt.background: #0e0e0e 745 URxvt.background: #0e0e0e
669 URxvt.foreground: #4ad5e1 746 URxvt.foreground: #4ad5e1
670 URxvt.color0: #000000 747 URxvt.color0: #000000
671 URxvt.color8: #8b8f93 748 URxvt.color8: #8b8f93
672 URxvt.color1: #dc74d1 749 URxvt.color1: #dc74d1
673 URxvt.color9: #dc74d1 750 URxvt.color9: #dc74d1
674 URxvt.color2: #0eb8c7 751 URxvt.color2: #0eb8c7
675 URxvt.color10: #0eb8c7 752 URxvt.color10: #0eb8c7
676 URxvt.color3: #dfe37e 753 URxvt.color3: #dfe37e
677 URxvt.color11: #dfe37e 754 URxvt.color11: #dfe37e
678 URxvt.color5: #9e88f0 755 URxvt.color5: #9e88f0
679 URxvt.color13: #9e88f0 756 URxvt.color13: #9e88f0
680 URxvt.color6: #73f7ff 757 URxvt.color6: #73f7ff
681 URxvt.color14: #73f7ff 758 URxvt.color14: #73f7ff
682 URxvt.color7: #e1dddd 759 URxvt.color7: #e1dddd
683 URxvt.color15: #e1dddd 760 URxvt.color15: #e1dddd
684 761
685 How can I start rxvtd in a race-free way? 762 How can I start rxvtd in a race-free way?
686 Try "rxvtd -f -o", which tells rxvtd to open the display, create the 763 Try "rxvtd -f -o", which tells rxvtd to open the display, create the
687 listening socket and then fork. 764 listening socket and then fork.
688 765
689 What's with the strange Backspace/Delete key behaviour? 766 What's with the strange Backspace/Delete key behaviour?
690 Assuming that the physical Backspace key corresponds to the 767 Assuming that the physical Backspace key corresponds to the BackSpace
691 BackSpace keysym (not likely for Linux ... see the following 768 keysym (not likely for Linux ... see the following question) there are
692 question) there are two standard values that can be used for 769 two standard values that can be used for Backspace: "^H" and "^?".
693 Backspace: "^H" and "^?".
694 770
695 Historically, either value is correct, but rxvt-unicode adopts the 771 Historically, either value is correct, but rxvt-unicode adopts the
696 debian policy of using "^?" when unsure, because it's the one only 772 debian policy of using "^?" when unsure, because it's the one only only
697 only correct choice :). 773 correct choice :).
698 774
699 Rxvt-unicode tries to inherit the current stty settings and uses the 775 Rxvt-unicode tries to inherit the current stty settings and uses the
700 value of `erase' to guess the value for backspace. If rxvt-unicode 776 value of `erase' to guess the value for backspace. If rxvt-unicode
701 wasn't started from a terminal (say, from a menu or by remote 777 wasn't started from a terminal (say, from a menu or by remote shell),
702 shell), then the system value of `erase', which corresponds to 778 then the system value of `erase', which corresponds to CERASE in
703 CERASE in <termios.h>, will be used (which may not be the same as 779 <termios.h>, will be used (which may not be the same as your stty
704 your stty setting). 780 setting).
705 781
706 For starting a new rxvt-unicode: 782 For starting a new rxvt-unicode:
707 783
708 # use Backspace = ^H 784 # use Backspace = ^H
709 $ stty erase ^H 785 $ stty erase ^H
710 $ rxvt 786 $ rxvt
711 787
712 # use Backspace = ^? 788 # use Backspace = ^?
713 $ stty erase ^? 789 $ stty erase ^?
714 $ rxvt 790 $ rxvt
715 791
716 Toggle with "ESC [ 36 h" / "ESC [ 36 l" as documented in rxvt(7). 792 Toggle with "ESC [ 36 h" / "ESC [ 36 l".
717 793
718 For an existing rxvt-unicode: 794 For an existing rxvt-unicode:
719 795
720 # use Backspace = ^H 796 # use Backspace = ^H
721 $ stty erase ^H 797 $ stty erase ^H
722 $ echo -n "^[[36h" 798 $ echo -n "^[[36h"
723 799
724 # use Backspace = ^? 800 # use Backspace = ^?
725 $ stty erase ^? 801 $ stty erase ^?
726 $ echo -n "^[[36l" 802 $ echo -n "^[[36l"
727 803
728 This helps satisfy some of the Backspace discrepancies that occur, 804 This helps satisfy some of the Backspace discrepancies that occur, but
729 but if you use Backspace = "^H", make sure that the termcap/terminfo 805 if you use Backspace = "^H", make sure that the termcap/terminfo value
730 value properly reflects that. 806 properly reflects that.
731 807
732 The Delete key is a another casualty of the ill-defined Backspace 808 The Delete key is a another casualty of the ill-defined Backspace
733 problem. To avoid confusion between the Backspace and Delete keys, 809 problem. To avoid confusion between the Backspace and Delete keys, the
734 the Delete key has been assigned an escape sequence to match the 810 Delete key has been assigned an escape sequence to match the vt100 for
735 vt100 for Execute ("ESC [ 3 ~") and is in the supplied 811 Execute ("ESC [ 3 ~") and is in the supplied termcap/terminfo.
736 termcap/terminfo.
737 812
738 Some other Backspace problems: 813 Some other Backspace problems:
739 814
740 some editors use termcap/terminfo, some editors (vim I'm told) 815 some editors use termcap/terminfo, some editors (vim I'm told) expect
741 expect Backspace = ^H, GNU Emacs (and Emacs-like editors) use ^H for 816 Backspace = ^H, GNU Emacs (and Emacs-like editors) use ^H for help.
742 help.
743 817
744 Perhaps someday this will all be resolved in a consistent manner. 818 Perhaps someday this will all be resolved in a consistent manner.
745 819
746 I don't like the key-bindings. How do I change them? 820 I don't like the key-bindings. How do I change them?
747 There are some compile-time selections available via configure. 821 There are some compile-time selections available via configure. Unless
748 Unless you have run "configure" with the "--disable-resources" 822 you have run "configure" with the "--disable-resources" option you can
749 option you can use the `keysym' resource to alter the keystrings 823 use the `keysym' resource to alter the keystrings associated with
750 associated with keysyms. 824 keysyms.
751 825
752 Here's an example for a URxvt session started using "rxvt -name 826 Here's an example for a URxvt session started using "rxvt -name URxvt"
753 URxvt"
754 827
755 URxvt.keysym.Home: \033[1~ 828 URxvt.keysym.Home: \033[1~
756 URxvt.keysym.End: \033[4~ 829 URxvt.keysym.End: \033[4~
757 URxvt.keysym.C-apostrophe: \033<C-'> 830 URxvt.keysym.C-apostrophe: \033<C-'>
758 URxvt.keysym.C-slash: \033<C-/> 831 URxvt.keysym.C-slash: \033<C-/>
759 URxvt.keysym.C-semicolon: \033<C-;> 832 URxvt.keysym.C-semicolon: \033<C-;>
760 URxvt.keysym.C-grave: \033<C-`> 833 URxvt.keysym.C-grave: \033<C-`>
761 URxvt.keysym.C-comma: \033<C-,> 834 URxvt.keysym.C-comma: \033<C-,>
762 URxvt.keysym.C-period: \033<C-.> 835 URxvt.keysym.C-period: \033<C-.>
763 URxvt.keysym.C-0x60: \033<C-`> 836 URxvt.keysym.C-0x60: \033<C-`>
764 URxvt.keysym.C-Tab: \033<C-Tab> 837 URxvt.keysym.C-Tab: \033<C-Tab>
765 URxvt.keysym.C-Return: \033<C-Return> 838 URxvt.keysym.C-Return: \033<C-Return>
766 URxvt.keysym.S-Return: \033<S-Return> 839 URxvt.keysym.S-Return: \033<S-Return>
767 URxvt.keysym.S-space: \033<S-Space> 840 URxvt.keysym.S-space: \033<S-Space>
768 URxvt.keysym.M-Up: \033<M-Up> 841 URxvt.keysym.M-Up: \033<M-Up>
769 URxvt.keysym.M-Down: \033<M-Down> 842 URxvt.keysym.M-Down: \033<M-Down>
770 URxvt.keysym.M-Left: \033<M-Left> 843 URxvt.keysym.M-Left: \033<M-Left>
771 URxvt.keysym.M-Right: \033<M-Right> 844 URxvt.keysym.M-Right: \033<M-Right>
772 URxvt.keysym.M-C-0: list \033<M-C- 0123456789 > 845 URxvt.keysym.M-C-0: list \033<M-C- 0123456789 >
773 URxvt.keysym.M-C-a: list \033<M-C- abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz > 846 URxvt.keysym.M-C-a: list \033<M-C- abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz >
774 URxvt.keysym.F12: command:\033]701;zh_CN.GBK\007 847 URxvt.keysym.F12: command:\033]701;zh_CN.GBK\007
775 848
776 See some more examples in the documentation for the keysym resource. 849 See some more examples in the documentation for the keysym resource.
777 850
778 I'm using keyboard model XXX that has extra Prior/Next/Insert keys. How 851 I'm using keyboard model XXX that has extra Prior/Next/Insert keys.
779 do I make use of them? For example, the Sun Keyboard type 4 has the 852How do I make use of them? For example, the Sun Keyboard type 4
780 following mappings that rxvt-unicode doesn't recognize. 853has the following mappings that rxvt-unicode doesn't recognize.
781 KP_Insert == Insert 854 KP_Insert == Insert
782 F22 == Print 855 F22 == Print
783 F27 == Home 856 F27 == Home
784 F29 == Prior 857 F29 == Prior
785 F33 == End 858 F33 == End
786 F35 == Next 859 F35 == Next
787 860
788 Rather than have rxvt-unicode try to accommodate all the various 861 Rather than have rxvt-unicode try to accommodate all the various
789 possible keyboard mappings, it is better to use `xmodmap' to remap 862 possible keyboard mappings, it is better to use `xmodmap' to remap the
790 the keys as required for your particular machine. 863 keys as required for your particular machine.
791 864
792 How do I distinguish wether I'm running rxvt-unicode or a regular xterm? 865 How do I distinguish wether I'm running rxvt-unicode or a regular xterm?
793 I need this to decide about setting colors etc. 866I need this to decide about setting colors etc.
794 rxvt and rxvt-unicode always export the variable "COLORTERM", so you 867 rxvt and rxvt-unicode always export the variable "COLORTERM", so you can
795 can check and see if that is set. Note that several programs, JED, 868 check and see if that is set. Note that several programs, JED, slrn,
796 slrn, Midnight Commander automatically check this variable to decide 869 Midnight Commander automatically check this variable to decide whether
797 whether or not to use color. 870 or not to use color.
798 871
799 How do I set the correct, full IP address for the DISPLAY variable? 872 How do I set the correct, full IP address for the DISPLAY variable?
800 If you've compiled rxvt-unicode with DISPLAY_IS_IP and have enabled 873 If you've compiled rxvt-unicode with DISPLAY_IS_IP and have enabled
801 insecure mode then it is possible to use the following shell script 874 insecure mode then it is possible to use the following shell script
802 snippets to correctly set the display. If your version of 875 snippets to correctly set the display. If your version of rxvt-unicode
803 rxvt-unicode wasn't also compiled with ESCZ_ANSWER (as assumed in 876 wasn't also compiled with ESCZ_ANSWER (as assumed in these snippets)
804 these snippets) then the COLORTERM variable can be used to 877 then the COLORTERM variable can be used to distinguish rxvt-unicode from
805 distinguish rxvt-unicode from a regular xterm. 878 a regular xterm.
806 879
807 Courtesy of Chuck Blake <cblake@BBN.COM> with the following shell 880 Courtesy of Chuck Blake <cblake@BBN.COM> with the following shell script
808 script snippets: 881 snippets:
809 882
810 # Bourne/Korn/POSIX family of shells: 883 # Bourne/Korn/POSIX family of shells:
811 [ ${TERM:-foo} = foo ] && TERM=xterm # assume an xterm if we don't know 884 [ ${TERM:-foo} = foo ] && TERM=xterm # assume an xterm if we don't know
812 if [ ${TERM:-foo} = xterm ]; then 885 if [ ${TERM:-foo} = xterm ]; then
813 stty -icanon -echo min 0 time 15 # see if enhanced rxvt or not 886 stty -icanon -echo min 0 time 15 # see if enhanced rxvt or not
814 echo -n '^[Z' 887 echo -n '^[Z'
815 read term_id 888 read term_id
816 stty icanon echo 889 stty icanon echo
817 if [ ""${term_id} = '^[[?1;2C' -a ${DISPLAY:-foo} = foo ]; then 890 if [ ""${term_id} = '^[[?1;2C' -a ${DISPLAY:-foo} = foo ]; then
818 echo -n '^[[7n' # query the rxvt we are in for the DISPLAY string 891 echo -n '^[[7n' # query the rxvt we are in for the DISPLAY string
819 read DISPLAY # set it in our local shell 892 read DISPLAY # set it in our local shell
820 fi
821 fi 893 fi
894 fi
822 895
823 How do I compile the manual pages for myself? 896 How do I compile the manual pages for myself?
824 You need to have a recent version of perl installed as 897 You need to have a recent version of perl installed as /usr/bin/perl,
825 /usr/bin/perl, one that comes with pod2man, pod2text and pod2html. 898 one that comes with pod2man, pod2text and pod2html. Then go to the doc
826 Then go to the doc subdirectory and enter "make alldoc". 899 subdirectory and enter "make alldoc".
827 900
828 My question isn't answered here, can I ask a human? 901 My question isn't answered here, can I ask a human?
829 Before sending me mail, you could go to IRC: "irc.freenode.net", 902 Before sending me mail, you could go to IRC: "irc.freenode.net", channel
830 channel "#rxvt-unicode" has some rxvt-unicode enthusiasts that might 903 "#rxvt-unicode" has some rxvt-unicode enthusiasts that might be
831 be interested in learning about new and exciting problems (but not 904 interested in learning about new and exciting problems (but not FAQs :).
832 FAQs :).
833 905

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