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Revision 1.12 by root, Mon Aug 16 02:09:28 2004 UTC vs.
Revision 1.76 by root, Sat Dec 31 16:06:48 2005 UTC

11B<rxvt-unicode>, version B<@@RXVT_VERSION@@>, is a colour vt102 terminal 11B<rxvt-unicode>, version B<@@RXVT_VERSION@@>, is a colour vt102 terminal
12emulator intended as an I<xterm>(1) replacement for users who do not 12emulator intended as an I<xterm>(1) replacement for users who do not
13require features such as Tektronix 4014 emulation and toolkit-style 13require features such as Tektronix 4014 emulation and toolkit-style
14configurability. As a result, B<rxvt-unicode> uses much less swap space -- 14configurability. As a result, B<rxvt-unicode> uses much less swap space --
15a significant advantage on a machine serving many X sessions. 15a significant advantage on a machine serving many X sessions.
16
17=head1 FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS
18
19See @@RXVT_NAME@@(7) (try C<man 7 @@RXVT_NAME@@>) for a list of
20frequently asked questions and answer to them and some common
21problems. That document is also accessible on the World-Wide-Web at
22L<http://cvs.schmorp.de/browse/*checkout*/rxvt-unicode/doc/rxvt.7.html>.
16 23
17=head1 RXVT-UNICODE VS. RXVT 24=head1 RXVT-UNICODE VS. RXVT
18 25
19Unlike the original rxvt, B<rxvt-unicode> stores all text in Unicode 26Unlike the original rxvt, B<rxvt-unicode> stores all text in Unicode
20internally. That means it can store and display most scripts in the 27internally. That means it can store and display most scripts in the
24like tibetan or devenagari. Don't expect pretty output when using these 31like tibetan or devenagari. Don't expect pretty output when using these
25scripts. Most other scripts, latin, cyrillic, kanji, thai etc. should work 32scripts. Most other scripts, latin, cyrillic, kanji, thai etc. should work
26fine, though. A somewhat difficult case are left-to-right scripts, such 33fine, though. A somewhat difficult case are left-to-right scripts, such
27as hebrew: B<rxvt-unicode> adopts the view that bidirectional algorithms 34as hebrew: B<rxvt-unicode> adopts the view that bidirectional algorithms
28belong into the application, not the terminal emulator (too many things -- 35belong into the application, not the terminal emulator (too many things --
29such as cursor-movement while editing -- break othwerwise), but that might 36such as cursor-movement while editing -- break otherwise), but that might
30change. 37change.
31 38
32If you are looking for a terminal that supports more exotic scripts, let 39If you are looking for a terminal that supports more exotic scripts, let
33me recommend C<mlterm>, which is a very userfriendly, lean and clean 40me recommend C<mlterm>, which is a very userfriendly, lean and clean
34terminal emulator. In fact, the reason rxvt-unicode was born was solely 41terminal emulator. In fact, the reason rxvt-unicode was born was solely
53drastically reduces memory usage. See @@RXVT_NAME@@d(1) (daemon) and 60drastically reduces memory usage. See @@RXVT_NAME@@d(1) (daemon) and
54@@RXVT_NAME@@c(1) (client). 61@@RXVT_NAME@@c(1) (client).
55 62
56It also makes technical information about escape sequences (which have 63It also makes technical information about escape sequences (which have
57been extended) easier accessible: see @@RXVT_NAME@@(7) for technical 64been extended) easier accessible: see @@RXVT_NAME@@(7) for technical
58reference documentation (escape sequences etc.) and the FAQ section at the 65reference documentation (escape sequences etc.).
59end of this document.
60 66
61=head1 OPTIONS 67=head1 OPTIONS
62 68
63The B<@@RXVT_NAME@@> options (mostly a subset of I<xterm>'s) are listed 69The B<@@RXVT_NAME@@> options (mostly a subset of I<xterm>'s) are listed
64below. In keeping with the smaller-is-better philosophy, options may be 70below. In keeping with the smaller-is-better philosophy, options may be
99 105
100=item B<-j>|B<+j> 106=item B<-j>|B<+j>
101 107
102Turn on/off jump scrolling; resource B<jumpScroll>. 108Turn on/off jump scrolling; resource B<jumpScroll>.
103 109
104=item B<-ip>|B<+ip> 110=item B<-ip>|B<+ip> | B<-tr>|B<+tr>
105 111
106Turn on/off inheriting parent window's pixmap. Alternative form is 112Turn on/off inheriting parent window's pixmap. Alternative form is
107B<-tr>; resource B<inheritPixmap>. 113B<-tr>; resource B<inheritPixmap>.
108 114
109=item B<-fade> I<number> 115=item B<-fade> I<number>
110 116
111Fade the text by the given percentage when focus is lost. 117Fade the text by the given percentage when focus is lost. Small values
118fade a little only, 100 completely replaces all colours by the fade
119colour; resource B<fading>.
120
121=item B<-fadecolor> I<colour>
122
123Fade to this colour when fading is used (see B<-fade>). The default colour
124is black. resource B<fadeColor>.
112 125
113=item B<-tint> I<colour> 126=item B<-tint> I<colour>
114 127
115Tint the transparent background pixmap with the given colour when 128Tint the transparent background pixmap with the given colour when
116transparency is enabled with B<-tr> or B<-ip>. See also the B<-sh> 129transparency is enabled with B<-tr> or B<-ip>. This only works for
117option that can be used to brighten or darken the image in addition to 130non-tiled backgrounds, currently. See also the B<-sh> option that can be
118tinting it. 131used to brighten or darken the image in addition to tinting it; resource
132I<tintColor>. Example:
133
134 @@RXVT_NAME@@ -tr -tint blue -sh 40
119 135
120=item B<-sh> 136=item B<-sh>
121 137
122I<number> Darken (0 .. 100) or lighten (-1 .. -100) the transparent 138I<number> Darken (0 .. 100) or lighten (-1 .. -100) the transparent
123background image in addition to tinting it (i.e. B<-tint> must be 139background image in addition to tinting it (i.e. B<-tint> must be
124specified, too). 140specified, too, e.g. C<-tint white>).
125 141
126=item B<-bg> I<colour> 142=item B<-bg> I<colour>
127 143
128Window background colour; resource B<background>. 144Window background colour; resource B<background>.
129 145
132Window foreground colour; resource B<foreground>. 148Window foreground colour; resource B<foreground>.
133 149
134=item B<-pixmap> I<file[;geom]> 150=item B<-pixmap> I<file[;geom]>
135 151
136Compile I<XPM>: Specify XPM file for the background and also optionally 152Compile I<XPM>: Specify XPM file for the background and also optionally
137specify its scaling with a geometry string. Note you may need to add 153specify its scaling with a geometry string. Note you may need to
138quotes to avoid special shell interpretation of the `;' in the 154add quotes to avoid special shell interpretation of the C<;> in the
139command-line; resource B<backgroundPixmap>. 155command-line; resource B<backgroundPixmap>.
140 156
141=item B<-cr> I<colour> 157=item B<-cr> I<colour>
142 158
143The cursor colour; resource B<cursorColor>. 159The cursor colour; resource B<cursorColor>.
150 166
151The mouse pointer background colour; resource B<pointerColor2>. 167The mouse pointer background colour; resource B<pointerColor2>.
152 168
153=item B<-bd> I<colour> 169=item B<-bd> I<colour>
154 170
155The colour of the border between the xterm scrollbar and the text; 171The colour of the border around the text area and between the scrollbar and the text;
156resource B<borderColor>. 172resource B<borderColor>.
157 173
158=item B<-fn> I<fontname> 174=item B<-fn> I<fontlist>
159 175
160Select the fonts to be used. This is a comma seperated list of font 176Select the fonts to be used. This is a comma separated list of font names
161names that are used in turn when trying to display Unicode characters. 177that are used in turn when trying to display Unicode characters. The
162The first font defines the cell size for characters; other fonts might 178first font defines the cell size for characters; other fonts might be
163be smaller, but not larger. A reasonable default font list is always 179smaller, but not (in general) larger. A (hopefully) reasonable default
164appended to it. resource B<font>. 180font list is always appended to it. See resource B<font> for more details.
181
182In short, to specify an X11 core font, just specify it's name or prefix it
183with C<x:>. To specify an XFT-font, you need to prefix it with C<xft:>,
184e.g.:
185
186 @@RXVT_NAME@@ -fn "xft:Bitstream Vera Sans Mono:pixelsize=15"
187 @@RXVT_NAME@@ -fn "9x15bold,xft:Bitstream Vera Sans Mono"
165 188
166See also the question "How does rxvt-unicode choose fonts?" in the FAQ 189See also the question "How does rxvt-unicode choose fonts?" in the FAQ
167section. 190section of @@RXVT_NAME@@(7).
168 191
192=item B<-fb> I<fontlist>
193
194Compile font-styles: The bold font list to use when bold characters are to
195be printed. See resource B<boldFont> for details.
196
197=item B<-fi> I<fontlist>
198
199Compile font-styles: The italic font list to use when bold characters are to
200be printed. See resource B<italicFont> for details.
201
202=item B<-fbi> I<fontlist>
203
204Compile font-styles: The bold italic font list to use when bold characters are to
205be printed. See resource B<boldItalicFont> for details.
206
169=item B<-rb>|B<+rb> 207=item B<-is>|B<+is>
170 208
171Enable "real bold" support. When this option is on, bold text will be 209Compile font-styles: Bold/Italic font styles imply high intensity
172displayed using the first available bold font in the font list. Bold 210foreground/background (default). See resource B<intensityStyles> for
173fonts should thus be specified in the font list after their 211details.
174corresponding regular fonts. If no bold font can be found, a regular
175font will be used. resource B<realBold>.
176 212
177=item B<-name> I<name> 213=item B<-name> I<name>
178 214
179Specify the application name under which resources are to be obtained, 215Specify the application name under which resources are to be obtained,
180rather than the default executable file name. Name should not contain 216rather than the default executable file name. Name should not contain
218 254
219Put scrollbar on right/left; resource B<scrollBar_right>. 255Put scrollbar on right/left; resource B<scrollBar_right>.
220 256
221=item B<-st>|B<+st> 257=item B<-st>|B<+st>
222 258
223Display normal (non XTerm/NeXT) scrollbar without/with a trough; 259Display rxvt (non XTerm/NeXT) scrollbar without/with a trough;
224resource B<scrollBar_floating>. 260resource B<scrollBar_floating>.
261
262=item B<-ptab>|B<+ptab>
263
264If enabled (default), "Horizontal Tab" characters are being stored as
265actual wide characters in the screen buffer, which makes it possible to
266select and paste them. Since a horizontal tab is a cursor movement and
267not an actual glyph, this can sometimes be visually annoying as the cursor
268on a tab character is displayed as a wide cursor; resource B<pastableTabs>.
225 269
226=item B<-bc>|B<+bc> 270=item B<-bc>|B<+bc>
227 271
228Blink the cursor; resource B<cursorBlink>. 272Blink the cursor; resource B<cursorBlink>.
229 273
254if honoured by the WM, the rxvt-unicode window will not have window 298if honoured by the WM, the rxvt-unicode window will not have window
255decorations; resource B<borderLess>. 299decorations; resource B<borderLess>.
256 300
257=item B<-lsp> I<number> 301=item B<-lsp> I<number>
258 302
259Compile I<linespace>: Lines (pixel height) to insert between each row 303Compile I<frills>: Lines (pixel height) to insert between each row of
260of the display; resource B<linespace>. 304the display. Useful to work around font rendering problems; resource
305B<linespace>.
261 306
262=item B<-tn> I<termname> 307=item B<-tn> I<termname>
263 308
264This option specifies the name of the terminal type to be set in the 309This option specifies the name of the terminal type to be set in the
265B<TERM> environment variable. This terminal type must exist in the 310B<TERM> environment variable. This terminal type must exist in the
274given on the command line. If this option is used, it must be the last 319given on the command line. If this option is used, it must be the last
275on the command-line. If there is no B<-e> option then the default is to 320on the command-line. If there is no B<-e> option then the default is to
276run the program specified by the B<SHELL> environment variable or, 321run the program specified by the B<SHELL> environment variable or,
277failing that, I<sh(1)>. 322failing that, I<sh(1)>.
278 323
324Please note that you must specify a program with arguments. If you want to
325run shell commands, you have to specify the shell, like this:
326
327 @@RXVT_NAME@@ -e sh -c "shell commands"
328
279=item B<-title> I<text> 329=item B<-title> I<text>
280 330
281Window title (B<-T> still respected); the default title is the basename 331Window title (B<-T> still respected); the default title is the basename
282of the program specified after the B<-e> option, if any, otherwise the 332of the program specified after the B<-e> option, if any, otherwise the
283application name; resource B<title>. 333application name; resource B<title>.
301 351
302Compile I<XIM>: input method name. resource B<inputMethod>. 352Compile I<XIM>: input method name. resource B<inputMethod>.
303 353
304=item B<-imlocale> I<string> 354=item B<-imlocale> I<string>
305 355
306The locale to use for opening the IM. You can use an LC_CTYPE of e.g. 356The locale to use for opening the IM. You can use an C<LC_CTYPE> of e.g.
307de_DE.UTF-8 for normal text processing but ja_JP.EUC-JP for the input 357C<de_DE.UTF-8> for normal text processing but C<ja_JP.EUC-JP> for the
308extension to be able to input japanese characters while staying in 358input extension to be able to input japanese characters while staying in
309another locale. 359another locale. resource B<imLocale>.
360
361=item B<-imfont> I<fontset>
362
363Set the font set to use for the X Input Method, see resource B<imFont>
364for more info.
365
366=item B<-tcw>
367
368Change the meaning of triple-click selection with the left mouse
369button. Instead of selecting a full line it will extend the selection the
370end of the logical line only. resource B<tripleclickwords>.
310 371
311=item B<-insecure> 372=item B<-insecure>
312 373
313Enable "insecure" mode, which currently enables most of the escape 374Enable "insecure" mode, which currently enables most of the escape
314sequences that echo strings. See the resource B<insecure> for more 375sequences that echo strings. See the resource B<insecure> for more
328=item B<-ssr>|B<+ssr> 389=item B<-ssr>|B<+ssr>
329 390
330Turn on/off secondary screen scroll (default enabled); resource 391Turn on/off secondary screen scroll (default enabled); resource
331B<secondaryScroll>. 392B<secondaryScroll>.
332 393
333=item B<-xrm> I<resourcestring> 394=item B<-hold>|B<+hold>
334 395
335No effect on rxvt-unicode. Simply passes through an argument to be made 396Turn on/off hold window after exit support. If enabled, @@RXVT_NAME@@
336available in the instance's argument list. Appears in I<WM_COMMAND> in 397will not immediately destroy its window when the program executed within
337some window managers. 398it exits. Instead, it will wait till it is being killed or closed by the
399user; resource B<hold>.
400
401=item B<-keysym.>I<sym> I<string>
402
403Remap a key symbol. See resource B<keysym>.
404
405=item B<-embed> I<windowid>
406
407Tells @@RXVT_NAME@@ to embed it's windows into an already-existing window,
408which enables applications to easily embed a terminal.
409
410Right now, @@RXVT_NAME@@ will first unmap/map the specified window, so it
411shouldn't be a top-level window. @@RXVT_NAME@@ will also reconfigure it
412quite a bit, so don't expect it to keep some specific state. It's best to
413create an extra subwindow for @@RXVT_NAME@@ and leave it alone.
414
415The window will not be destroyed when @@RXVT_NAME@@ exits.
416
417It might be useful to know that @@RXVT_NAME@@ will not close file
418descriptors passed to it (except for stdin/out/err, of course), so you
419can use file descriptors to communicate with the programs within the
420terminal. This works regardless of wether the C<-embed> option was used or
421not.
422
423Here is a short Gtk2-perl snippet that illustrates how this option can be
424used (a longer example is in F<doc/embed>):
425
426 my $rxvt = new Gtk2::Socket;
427 $rxvt->signal_connect_after (realize => sub {
428 my $xid = $_[0]->window->get_xid;
429 system "@@RXVT_NAME@@ -embed $xid &";
430 });
431
432=item B<-pty-fd> I<fileno>
433
434Tells @@RXVT_NAME@@ NOT to execute any commands or create a new pty/tty
435pair but instead use the given filehandle as the tty master. This is
436useful if you want to drive @@RXVT_NAME@@ as a generic terminal emulator
437without having to run a program within it.
438
439If this switch is given, @@RXVT_NAME@@ will not create any utmp/wtmp
440entries and will not tinker with pty/tty permissions - you have to do that
441yourself if you want that.
442
443Here is a example in perl that illustrates how this option can be used (a
444longer example is in F<doc/pty-fd>):
445
446 use IO::Pty;
447 use Fcntl;
448
449 my $pty = new IO::Pty;
450 fcntl $pty, F_SETFD, 0; # clear close-on-exec
451 system "@@RXVT_NAME@@ -pty-fd " . (fileno $pty) . "&";
452 close $pty;
453
454 # now communicate with rxvt
455 my $slave = $pty->slave;
456 while (<$slave>) { print $slave "got <$_>\n" }
338 457
339=back 458=back
340 459
341=head1 RESOURCES (available also as long-options) 460=head1 RESOURCES (available also as long-options)
342 461
345 464
346There are two different methods that @@RXVT_NAME@@ can use to get the 465There are two different methods that @@RXVT_NAME@@ can use to get the
347Xresource data: using the X libraries (Xrm*-functions) or internal 466Xresource data: using the X libraries (Xrm*-functions) or internal
348Xresources reader (B<~/.Xdefaults>). For the first method (ie. 467Xresources reader (B<~/.Xdefaults>). For the first method (ie.
349B<@@RXVT_NAME@@ -h> lists B<XGetDefaults>), you can set and change the 468B<@@RXVT_NAME@@ -h> lists B<XGetDefaults>), you can set and change the
350resources using X11 tools like B<xset>. Many distribution do also load 469resources using X11 tools like B<xrdb>. Many distribution do also load
351settings from the B<~/.Xresources> file when X starts. 470settings from the B<~/.Xresources> file when X starts. @@RXVT_NAME@@
471will consult the following files/resources in order, with later settings
472overwriting earlier ones:
473
474 1. system-wide app-defaults file, either locale-dependent OR global
475 2. app-defaults file in $XAPPLRESDIR
476 3. RESOURCE_MANAGER property on root-window OR $HOME/.Xdefaults
477 4. SCREEN_RESOURCES for the current screen
478 5. $XENVIRONMENT file OR $HOME/.Xdefaults-<nodename>
352 479
353If compiled with internal Xresources support (i.e. B<@@RXVT_NAME@@ -h> 480If compiled with internal Xresources support (i.e. B<@@RXVT_NAME@@ -h>
354lists B<.Xdefaults>) then B<@@RXVT_NAME@@> accepts application defaults 481lists B<.Xdefaults>) then B<@@RXVT_NAME@@> accepts application defaults
355set in XAPPLOADDIR/URxvt (compile-time defined: usually 482set in XAPPLOADDIR/URxvt (compile-time defined: usually
356B</usr/lib/X11/app-defaults/URxvt>) and resources set in 483B</usr/lib/X11/app-defaults/URxvt>) and resources set in
389high-intensity (bold = bright foreground, blink = bright background) 516high-intensity (bold = bright foreground, blink = bright background)
390colours. The canonical names are as follows: 0=black, 1=red, 2=green, 517colours. The canonical names are as follows: 0=black, 1=red, 2=green,
3913=yellow, 4=blue, 5=magenta, 6=cyan, 7=white, but the actual colour 5183=yellow, 4=blue, 5=magenta, 6=cyan, 7=white, but the actual colour
392names used are listed in the B<COLORS AND GRAPHICS> section. 519names used are listed in the B<COLORS AND GRAPHICS> section.
393 520
521Colours higher than 15 cannot be set using resources (yet), but can be
522changed using an escape command (see @@RXVT_NAME@@(7)).
523
524Colours 16-79 form a standard 4x4x4 colour cube (the same as xterm with
52588 colour support). Colours 80-87 are evenly spaces grey steps.
526
394=item B<colorBD:> I<colour> 527=item B<colorBD:> I<colour>
395 528
529=item B<colorIT:> I<colour>
530
396Use the specified colour to display bold characters when the foreground 531Use the specified colour to display bold or italic characters when the
397colour is the default. This option will be ignored if B<realBold> is 532foreground colour is the default. If font styles are not available
398enabled. 533(Compile I<styles>) and this option is unset, reverse video is used instead.
399 534
400=item B<colorUL:> I<colour> 535=item B<colorUL:> I<colour>
401 536
402Use the specified colour to display underlined characters when the 537Use the specified colour to display underlined characters when the
403foreground colour is the default. 538foreground colour is the default.
404 539
405=item B<colorRV:> I<colour> 540=item B<colorRV:> I<colour>
406 541
407Use the specified colour as the background for reverse video 542Use the specified colour as the background for reverse video
408characters. 543characters.
544
545=item B<underlineColor:> I<colour>
546
547If set, use the specified colour as the colour for the underline
548itself. If unset, use the foreground colour.
409 549
410=item B<cursorColor:> I<colour> 550=item B<cursorColor:> I<colour>
411 551
412Use the specified colour for the cursor. The default is to use the 552Use the specified colour for the cursor. The default is to use the
413foreground colour; option B<-cr>. 553foreground colour; option B<-cr>.
436artificial transparency. B<False>: do not inherit the parent windows' 576artificial transparency. B<False>: do not inherit the parent windows'
437pixmap. 577pixmap.
438 578
439=item B<fading:> I<number> 579=item B<fading:> I<number>
440 580
441Fade the text by the given percentage when focus is lost. 581Fade the text by the given percentage when focus is lost; option B<-fade>.
582
583=item B<fadeColor:> I<colour>
584
585Fade to this colour, when fading is used (see B<fading:>). The default
586colour is black; option B<-fadecolor>.
442 587
443=item B<tintColor:> I<colour> 588=item B<tintColor:> I<colour>
444 589
445Tint the transparent background pixmap with the given colour. 590Tint the transparent background pixmap with the given colour; option
591B<-tint>.
446 592
447=item B<shading:> I<number> 593=item B<shading:> I<number>
448 594
449Darken (0 .. 100) or lighten (-1 .. -100) the transparent background 595Darken (0 .. 100) or lighten (-1 .. -100) the transparent background
450image in addition to tinting it. 596image in addition to tinting it.
451 597
452=item B<fading:> I<number>
453
454Scale the tint colour by the given percentage.
455
456=item B<scrollColor:> I<colour> 598=item B<scrollColor:> I<colour>
457 599
458Use the specified colour for the scrollbar [default #B2B2B2]. 600Use the specified colour for the scrollbar [default #B2B2B2].
459 601
460=item B<troughColor:> I<colour> 602=item B<troughColor:> I<colour>
461 603
462Use the specified colour for the scrollbar's trough area [default 604Use the specified colour for the scrollbar's trough area [default
463#969696]. Only relevant for normal (non XTerm/NeXT) scrollbar. 605#969696]. Only relevant for rxvt (non XTerm/NeXT) scrollbar.
606
607=item B<borderColor:> I<colour>
608
609The colour of the border around the text area and between the scrollbar
610and the text.
464 611
465=item B<backgroundPixmap:> I<file[;geom]> 612=item B<backgroundPixmap:> I<file[;geom]>
466 613
467Use the specified XPM file (note the `.xpm' extension is optional) for 614Use the specified XPM file (note the `.xpm' extension is optional) for
468the background and also optionally specify its scaling with a geometry 615the background and also optionally specify its scaling with a geometry
484 631
485Specify the colon-delimited search path for finding files (XPM and 632Specify the colon-delimited search path for finding files (XPM and
486menus), in addition to the paths specified by the B<RXVTPATH> and 633menus), in addition to the paths specified by the B<RXVTPATH> and
487B<PATH> environment variables. 634B<PATH> environment variables.
488 635
489=item B<font:> I<fontname> 636=item B<font:> I<fontlist>
490 637
491Select the fonts to be used. This is a comma seperated list of font 638Select the fonts to be used. This is a comma separated list of font
492names that are used in turn when trying to display Unicode characters. 639names that are used in turn when trying to display Unicode characters.
493The first font defines the cell size for characters; other fonts might 640The first font defines the cell size for characters; other fonts might
494be smaller, but not larger. A reasonable default font list is always 641be smaller, but not larger. A reasonable default font list is always
495appended to it. option B<-fn>. 642appended to it. option B<-fn>.
496 643
497=item B<realBold:> I<boolean> 644Each font can either be a standard X11 core font (XLFD) name, with
645optional prefix C<x:> or a Xft font (Compile I<xft>), prefixed with C<xft:>.
498 646
499B<True>: Enable "real bold" support. When this option is on, bold text 647In addition, each font can be prefixed with additional hints and
500will be displayed using the first available bold font in the font list. 648specifications enclosed in square brackets (C<[]>). The only available
501Bold fonts should thus be specified in the font list after their 649hint currently is C<codeset=codeset-name>, and this is only used for Xft
502corresponding regular fonts. If no bold font can be found, a regular 650fonts.
503font will be used. option B<-rb>. B<False>: Display bold text in a 651
504regular font, using the color specified with B<colorBD>; option B<+rb>. 652For example, this font resource
653
654 URxvt*font: 9x15bold,\
655 -misc-fixed-bold-r-normal--15-140-75-75-c-90-iso10646-1,\
656 -misc-fixed-medium-r-normal--15-140-75-75-c-90-iso10646-1, \
657 [codeset=JISX0208]xft:Kochi Gothic:antialias=false, \
658 xft:Code2000:antialias=false
659
660specifies five fonts to be used. The first one is C<9x15bold> (actually
661the iso8859-1 version of the second font), which is the base font (because
662it is named first) and thus defines the character cell grid to be 9 pixels
663wide and 15 pixels high.
664
665The second font is just used to add additional unicode characters not in
666the base font, likewise the third, which is unfortunately non-bold, but
667the bold version of the font does contain less characters, so this is a
668useful supplement.
669
670The third font is an Xft font with aliasing turned off, and the characters
671are limited to the B<JIS 0208> codeset (i.e. japanese kanji). The font
672contains other characters, but we are not interested in them.
673
674The last font is a useful catch-all font that supplies most of the
675remaining unicode characters.
676
677=item B<boldFont:> I<fontlist>
678
679=item B<italicFont:> I<fontlist>
680
681=item B<boldItalicFont:> I<fontlist>
682
683The font list to use for displaying B<bold>, I<italic> or B<< I<bold
684italic> >> characters, respectively.
685
686If specified and non-empty, then the syntax is the same as for the
687B<font>-resource, and the given font list will be used as is, which makes
688it possible to substitute completely different font styles for bold and
689italic.
690
691If unset (the default), a suitable font list will be synthesized by
692"morphing" the normal text font list into the desired shape. If that is
693not possible, replacement fonts of the desired shape will be tried.
694
695If set, but empty, then this specific style is disabled and the normal
696text font will being used for the given style.
697
698=item B<intensityStyles:> I<boolean>
699
700When font styles are not enabled, or this option is enabled (B<True>,
701option B<-is>, the default), bold and italic font styles imply high
702intensity foreground/backround colours. Disabling this option (B<False>,
703option B<+is>) disables this behaviour, the high intensity colours are not
704reachable.
505 705
506=item B<selectstyle:> I<mode> 706=item B<selectstyle:> I<mode>
507 707
508Set mouse selection style to B<old> which is 2.20, B<oldword> which is 708Set mouse selection style to B<old> which is 2.20, B<oldword> which is
509xterm style with 2.20 old word selection, or anything else which gives 709xterm style with 2.20 old word selection, or anything else which gives
510xterm style selection. 710xterm style selection.
511 711
512=item B<scrollstyle:> I<mode> 712=item B<scrollstyle:> I<mode>
513 713
514Set scrollbar style to B<rxvt>, B<plain>, B<next> or B<xterm>. B<plain> is 714Set scrollbar style to B<rxvt>, B<plain>, B<next> or B<xterm>. B<plain> is
515the author's favourite.. 715the author's favourite.
516 716
517=item B<title:> I<string> 717=item B<title:> I<string>
518 718
519Set window title string, the default title is the command-line 719Set window title string, the default title is the command-line
520specified after the B<-e> option, if any, otherwise the application 720specified after the B<-e> option, if any, otherwise the application
552 752
553Specify a command pipe for vt100 printer [default I<lpr(1)>]. Use 753Specify a command pipe for vt100 printer [default I<lpr(1)>]. Use
554B<Print> to initiate a screen dump to the printer and B<Ctrl-Print> or 754B<Print> to initiate a screen dump to the printer and B<Ctrl-Print> or
555B<Shift-Print> to include the scrollback as well. 755B<Shift-Print> to include the scrollback as well.
556 756
757The string will be interpreted as if typed into the shell as-is.
758
759Example:
760
761 URxvt*print-pipe: cat > $(TMPDIR=$HOME mktemp urxvt.XXXXXX)
762
763This creates a new file in your home directory with the screen contents
764everytime you hit C<Print>.
765
557=item B<scrollBar:> I<boolean> 766=item B<scrollBar:> I<boolean>
558 767
559B<True>: enable the scrollbar [default]; option B<-sb>. B<False>: 768B<True>: enable the scrollbar [default]; option B<-sb>. B<False>:
560disable the scrollbar; option B<+sb>. 769disable the scrollbar; option B<+sb>.
561 770
580B<False>: do not scroll to bottom when tty receives output; option 789B<False>: do not scroll to bottom when tty receives output; option
581B<+si>. 790B<+si>.
582 791
583=item B<scrollWithBuffer:> I<boolean> 792=item B<scrollWithBuffer:> I<boolean>
584 793
585B<True>: scroll with scrollback buffer when tty recieves new lines (and 794B<True>: scroll with scrollback buffer when tty receives new lines (and
586B<scrollTtyOutput> is False); option B<+sw>. B<False>: do not scroll 795B<scrollTtyOutput> is False); option B<-sw>. B<False>: do not scroll
587with scrollback buffer when tty recieves new lines; option B<-sw>. 796with scrollback buffer when tty recieves new lines; option B<+sw>.
588 797
589=item B<scrollTtyKeypress:> I<boolean> 798=item B<scrollTtyKeypress:> I<boolean>
590 799
591B<True>: scroll to bottom when a non-special key is pressed. Special keys 800B<True>: scroll to bottom when a non-special key is pressed. Special keys
592are those which are intercepted by rxvt-unicode for special handling and 801are those which are intercepted by rxvt-unicode for special handling and
631=item B<mouseWheelScrollPage:> I<boolean> 840=item B<mouseWheelScrollPage:> I<boolean>
632 841
633B<True>: the mouse wheel scrolls a page full. B<False>: the mouse wheel 842B<True>: the mouse wheel scrolls a page full. B<False>: the mouse wheel
634scrolls five lines [default]. 843scrolls five lines [default].
635 844
845=item B<pastableTabs:> I<boolean>
846
847B<True>: store tabs as wide characters. B<False>: interpret tabs as cursor
848movement only; option C<-ptab>.
849
636=item B<cursorBlink:> I<boolean> 850=item B<cursorBlink:> I<boolean>
637 851
638B<True>: blink the cursor. B<False>: do not blink the cursor [default]; 852B<True>: blink the cursor. B<False>: do not blink the cursor [default];
639option B<-bc>. 853option B<-bc>.
640 854
652 866
653Mouse pointer background colour. 867Mouse pointer background colour.
654 868
655=item B<pointerBlankDelay:> I<number> 869=item B<pointerBlankDelay:> I<number>
656 870
657Specifies number of seconds before blanking the pointer [default 2]. 871Specifies number of seconds before blanking the pointer [default 2]. Use a
872large number (e.g. C<987654321>) to effectively disable the timeout.
658 873
659=item B<backspacekey:> I<string> 874=item B<backspacekey:> I<string>
660 875
661The string to send when the backspace key is pressed. If set to B<DEC> 876The string to send when the backspace key is pressed. If set to B<DEC>
662or unset it will send B<Delete> (code 127) or, if shifted, B<Backspace> 877or unset it will send B<Delete> (code 127) or, if shifted, B<Backspace>
684 899
685I<name> of inputMethod to use; option B<-im>. 900I<name> of inputMethod to use; option B<-im>.
686 901
687=item B<imLocale:> I<name> 902=item B<imLocale:> I<name>
688 903
689The locale to use for opening the IM. You can use an LC_CTYPE of e.g. 904The locale to use for opening the IM. You can use an C<LC_CTYPE> of e.g.
690de_DE.UTF-8 for normal text processing but ja_JP.EUC-JP for the input 905C<de_DE.UTF-8> for normal text processing but C<ja_JP.EUC-JP> for the
691extension to be able to input japanese characters while staying in 906input extension to be able to input japanese characters while staying in
692another locale. option B<-imlocale>. 907another locale. option B<-imlocale>.
693 908
694=item B<insecure> 909=item B<imFont:> I<fontset>
910
911Specify the font-set used for XIM styles C<OverTheSpot> or
912C<OffTheSpot>. It must be a standard X font set (XLFD patterns separated
913by commas), i.e. it's not in the same format as the other font lists used
914in @@RXVT_NAME@@. The default will be set-up to chose *any* suitable found
915found, preferably one or two pixels differing in size to the base font.
916option B<-imfont>.
917
918=item B<tripleclickwords:> I<boolean>
919
920Change the meaning of triple-click selection with the left mouse
921button. Instead of selecting a full line it will extend the selection to
922the end of the logical line only. option B<-tcw>.
923
924=item B<insecure:> I<boolean>
695 925
696Enables "insecure" mode. Rxvt-unicode offers some escape sequences that 926Enables "insecure" mode. Rxvt-unicode offers some escape sequences that
697echo arbitrary strings like the icon name or the locale. This could be 927echo arbitrary strings like the icon name or the locale. This could be
698abused if somebody gets 8-bit-clean access to your display, wether 928abused if somebody gets 8-bit-clean access to your display, whether
699throuh a mail client displaying mail bodies unfiltered or though 929through a mail client displaying mail bodies unfiltered or through
700write(1). Therefore, these sequences are disabled by default. (Note 930write(1) or any other means. Therefore, these sequences are disabled by
701that other terminals, including xterm, have these sequences 931default. (Note that many other terminals, including xterm, have these
702enabled by default). You can enable them by setting this boolean 932sequences enabled by default, which doesn't make it safer, though).
703resource or specifying B<-insecure> as an option. At the moment, this 933
704enabled display-answer, locale, findfont, icon label and window title 934You can enable them by setting this boolean resource or specifying
705requests as well as dynamic menubar dispatch. 935B<-insecure> as an option. At the moment, this enables display-answer,
936locale, findfont, icon label and window title requests as well as dynamic
937menubar dispatch.
706 938
707=item B<modifier:> I<modifier> 939=item B<modifier:> I<modifier>
708 940
709Set the key to be interpreted as the Meta key to: B<alt>, B<meta>, 941Set the key to be interpreted as the Meta key to: B<alt>, B<meta>,
710B<hyper>, B<super>, B<mod1>, B<mod2>, B<mod3>, B<mod4>, B<mod5>; option 942B<hyper>, B<super>, B<mod1>, B<mod2>, B<mod3>, B<mod4>, B<mod5>; option
725Turn on/off secondary screen scroll (default enabled). If the this 957Turn on/off secondary screen scroll (default enabled). If the this
726option is enabled, scrolls on the secondary screen will change the 958option is enabled, scrolls on the secondary screen will change the
727scrollback buffer and switching to/from the secondary screen will 959scrollback buffer and switching to/from the secondary screen will
728instead scroll the screen up. 960instead scroll the screen up.
729 961
962=item B<hold>: I<bool>
963
964Turn on/off hold window after exit support. If enabled, @@RXVT_NAME@@
965will not immediately destroy its window when the program executed within
966it exits. Instead, it will wait till it is being killed or closed by the
967user.
968
730=item B<keysym.>I<sym>: I<string> 969=item B<keysym.>I<sym>: I<string>
731 970
732Associate I<string> with keysym I<sym> (B<0xFF00 - 0xFFFF>). It may 971Compile I<frills>: Associate I<string> with keysym I<sym>. The
733contain escape values (\a: bell, \b: backspace, \e, \E: escape, \n: 972intervening resource name B<keysym.> cannot be omitted.
734newline, \r: return, \t: 973
974The format of I<sym> is "I<(modifiers-)key>", where I<modifiers> can be
975any combination of B<ISOLevel3>, B<AppKeypad>, B<Control>, B<NumLock>,
976B<Shift>, B<Meta>, B<Lock>, B<Mod1>, B<Mod2>, B<Mod3>, B<Mod4>, B<Mod5>,
977and the abbreviated B<I>, B<K>, B<C>, B<N>, B<S>, B<M>, B<A>, B<L>, B<1>,
978B<2>, B<3>, B<4>, B<5>.
979
980The B<NumLock>, B<Meta> and B<ISOLevel3> modifiers are usually aliased to
981whatever modifier the NumLock key, Meta/Alt keys or ISO Level3 Shift/AltGr
982keys are being mapped. B<AppKeypad> is a synthetic modifier mapped to the
983current application keymap mode state.
984
985The spellings of I<key> can be obtained by using B<xev>(1) command or
986searching keysym macros from B</usr/X11R6/include/X11/keysymdef.h> and
987omitting the prefix B<XK_>. Alternatively you can specify I<key> by its hex
988keysym value (B<0x0000 - 0xFFFF>). Note that the lookup of I<sym>s is not
989performed in an exact manner; however, the closest match is assured.
990
991I<string> may contain escape values (C<\a>: bell, C<\b>: backspace,
992C<\e>, C<\E>: escape, C<\n>: newline, C<\r>: carriage return, C<\t>: tab,
735tab, \000: octal number) or control characters (^?: delete, ^@: null, 993C<\000>: octal number) or verbatim control characters (C<^?>: delete,
736^A ...) and may enclosed with double quotes so that it can start or end 994C<^@>: null, C<^A> ...) and may be enclosed with double quotes so that it
737with whitespace. The intervening resource name B<keysym.> cannot be 995can start or end with whitespace.
738omitted. This resource is only available when compiled with 996
739KEYSYM_RESOURCE. 997Please note that you need to double the C<\> when using
998C<--enable-xgetdefault>, as X itself does it's own de-escaping (you can
999use C<\033> instead of C<\e> (and so on), which will work with both Xt and
1000@@RXVT_NAME@@'s own processing).
1001
1002You can define a range of keysyms in one shot by providing a I<string>
1003with pattern B<list/PREFIX/MIDDLE/SUFFIX>, where the delimeter `/'
1004should be a character not used by the strings.
1005
1006Its usage can be demonstrated by an example:
1007
1008 URxvt.keysym.M-C-0x61: list|\033<M-C-|abc|>
1009
1010The above line is equivalent to the following three lines:
1011
1012 URxvt.keysym.Meta-Control-0x61: \033<M-C-a>
1013 URxvt.keysym.Meta-Control-0x62: \033<M-C-b>
1014 URxvt.keysym.Meta-Control-0x63: \033<M-C-c>
1015
1016If I<string> takes the form of C<command:STRING>, the specified B<STRING>
1017is interpreted and executed as @@RXVT_NAME@@'s control sequence. For
1018example the following means "change the current locale to C<zh_CN.GBK>
1019when Control-Meta-c is being pressed":
1020
1021 URxvt.keysym.M-C-c: command:\033]701;zh_CN.GBK\007
1022
1023Due the the large number of modifier combinations, a defined key mapping
1024will match if at I<at least> the specified identifiers are being set, and
1025no other key mappings with those and more bits are being defined. That
1026means that defining a key map for C<a> will automatically provide
1027definitions for C<Meta-a>, C<Shift-a> and so on, unless some of those are defined
1028mappings themselves.
1029
1030Unfortunately, this will override built-in key mappings. For example
1031if you overwrite the C<Insert> key you will disable @@RXVT_NAME@@'s
1032C<Shift-Insert> mapping. To re-enable that, you can poke "holes" into the
1033user-defined keymap using the C<builtin:> replacement:
1034
1035 URxvt.keysym.Insert: <my insert key sequence>
1036 URxvt.keysym.S-Insert: builtin:
1037
1038The first line defines a mapping for C<Insert> and I<any> combination
1039of modifiers. The second line re-establishes the default mapping for
1040C<Shift-Insert>.
1041
1042The following example will map Control-Meta-1 and Control-Meta-2 to
1043the fonts C<suxuseuro> and C<9x15bold>, so you can have some limited
1044font-switching at runtime:
1045
1046 URxvt.keysym.M-C-1: command:\033]50;suxuseuro\007
1047 URxvt.keysym.M-C-2: command:\033]50;9x15bold\007
1048
1049Other things are possible, e.g. resizing (see @@RXVT_NAME@@(7) for more
1050info):
1051
1052 URxvt.keysym.M-C-3: command:\033[8;25;80t
1053 URxvt.keysym.M-C-4: command:\033[8;48;110t
740 1054
741=back 1055=back
742 1056
743=head1 THE SCROLLBAR 1057=head1 THE SCROLLBAR
744 1058
758the normal text selection/insertion, hold either the Shift or the Meta 1072the normal text selection/insertion, hold either the Shift or the Meta
759(Alt) key while performing the desired mouse action. 1073(Alt) key while performing the desired mouse action.
760 1074
761If mouse reporting mode is active, the normal scrollbar actions are 1075If mouse reporting mode is active, the normal scrollbar actions are
762disabled -- on the assumption that we are using a fullscreen 1076disabled -- on the assumption that we are using a fullscreen
763application. Instead, pressing Button1 and Button3 sends B<ESC[6~> 1077application. Instead, pressing Button1 and Button3 sends B<ESC [ 6 ~>
764(Next) and B<ESC[5~> (Prior), respectively. Similarly, clicking on the 1078(Next) and B<ESC [ 5 ~> (Prior), respectively. Similarly, clicking on the
765up and down arrows sends B<ESC[A> (Up) and B<ESC[B> (Down), 1079up and down arrows sends B<ESC [ A> (Up) and B<ESC [ B> (Down),
766respectively. 1080respectively.
767 1081
768=head1 TEXT SELECTION AND INSERTION 1082=head1 TEXT SELECTION AND INSERTION
769 1083
770The behaviour of text selection and insertion mechanism is similar to 1084The behaviour of text selection and insertion mechanism is similar to
772 1086
773=over 4 1087=over 4
774 1088
775=item B<Selection>: 1089=item B<Selection>:
776 1090
777Left click at the beginning of the region, drag to the end of the 1091Left click at the beginning of the region, drag to the end of the region
778region and release; Right click to extend the marked region; Left 1092and release; Right click to extend the marked region; Left double-click
779double-click to select a word; Left triple-click to select the entire 1093to select a word; Left triple-click to select the entire logical line
780line. 1094(which can span multiple screen lines), unless modified by resource
1095B<tripleclickwords>.
1096
1097Starting a selection while pressing the B<Meta> key (or B<Meta+Ctrl> keys)
1098(Compile: I<frills>) will create a rectangular selection instead of a
1099normal one. In this mode, every selected row becomes its own line in the
1100selection, and trailing whitespace is visually underlined and removed from
1101the selection.
781 1102
782=item B<Insertion>: 1103=item B<Insertion>:
783 1104
784Pressing and releasing the Middle mouse button (or B<Shift-Insert>) in 1105Pressing and releasing the Middle mouse button (or B<Shift-Insert>) in
785an B<@@RXVT_NAME@@> window causes the current text selection to be 1106an B<@@RXVT_NAME@@> window causes the current text selection to be
793supported in rxvt-unicode. Bug me if you need this. 1114supported in rxvt-unicode. Bug me if you need this.
794 1115
795You can, however, switch fonts at runtime using escape sequences (and 1116You can, however, switch fonts at runtime using escape sequences (and
796therefore using the menubar), e.g.: 1117therefore using the menubar), e.g.:
797 1118
798 printf '\e]701;%s\007' "9x15bold,xft:Kochi Gothic" 1119 printf '\e]710;%s\007' "9x15bold,xft:Kochi Gothic"
799 1120
800rxvt-unicode will automatically re-apply these fonts to the output so far. 1121rxvt-unicode will automatically re-apply these fonts to the output so far.
801 1122
802=head1 ISO 14755 SUPPORT 1123=head1 ISO 14755 SUPPORT
803 1124
807C<--enable-frills>, the rest is available when rxvt-unicode was compiled 1128C<--enable-frills>, the rest is available when rxvt-unicode was compiled
808with C<--enable-iso14755>. 1129with C<--enable-iso14755>.
809 1130
810=over 4 1131=over 4
811 1132
812=item 5.1: Basic method 1133=item * 5.1: Basic method
813 1134
814This allows you to enter unicode characters using their hexcode. 1135This allows you to enter unicode characters using their hexcode.
815 1136
816Start by pressing and holding both C<Control> and C<Shift>, then enter 1137Start by pressing and holding both C<Control> and C<Shift>, then enter
817hex-digits (between one and six). Releasing C<Control> and C<Shift> will 1138hex-digits (between one and six). Releasing C<Control> and C<Shift> will
824address, which you cannot type. Fortunately, the card has the e-mail 1145address, which you cannot type. Fortunately, the card has the e-mail
825address printed as hexcodes, e.g. C<671d 65e5>. You can enter this easily 1146address printed as hexcodes, e.g. C<671d 65e5>. You can enter this easily
826by pressing C<Control> and C<Shift>, followed by C<6-7-1-D-SPACE-6-5-E-5>, 1147by pressing C<Control> and C<Shift>, followed by C<6-7-1-D-SPACE-6-5-E-5>,
827followed by releasing the modifier keys. 1148followed by releasing the modifier keys.
828 1149
829=item 5.2: Keyboard symbols entry method 1150=item * 5.2: Keyboard symbols entry method
830 1151
831This mode lets you input characters representing the keycap symbols of 1152This mode lets you input characters representing the keycap symbols of
832your keyboard, if representable in the current locale encoding. 1153your keyboard, if representable in the current locale encoding.
833 1154
834Start by pressing C<Control> and C<Shift> together, then releasing 1155Start by pressing C<Control> and C<Shift> together, then releasing
835them. The next special key (cursor keys, home etc.) you enter will not 1156them. The next special key (cursor keys, home etc.) you enter will not
836invoke it's usual function but instead will insert the corresponding 1157invoke it's usual function but instead will insert the corresponding
837keycap symbol. The symbol will only be entered when the key has been 1158keycap symbol. The symbol will only be entered when the key has been
838released, otherwise pressing e.g. C<Shift> would enter the symbol for 1159released, otherwise pressing e.g. C<Shift> would enter the symbol for
839C<ISO Level 2 Switch>, although your intention might have beenm to enter a 1160C<ISO Level 2 Switch>, although your intention might have been to enter a
840reverse tab (Shift-Tab). 1161reverse tab (Shift-Tab).
841 1162
842=item 5.3: Screen-selection entry method 1163=item * 5.3: Screen-selection entry method
843 1164
844While this is implemented already (it's basically the selection 1165While this is implemented already (it's basically the selection
845mechanism), it could be extended by displaying a unicode character map. 1166mechanism), it could be extended by displaying a unicode character map.
846 1167
847=item 5.4: Feedback method for identifying displayed characters for later input 1168=item * 5.4: Feedback method for identifying displayed characters for later input
848 1169
849This method lets you display the unicode character code associated with 1170This method lets you display the unicode character code associated with
850characters already displayed. 1171characters already displayed.
851 1172
852You enter this mode by holding down C<Control> and C<Shift> together, then 1173You enter this mode by holding down C<Control> and C<Shift> together, then
853pressing and holding the left mouse button and moving around. The unicode 1174pressing and holding the left mouse button and moving around. The unicode
854hex code(s) (it might be a combining character) of the character under the 1175hex code(s) (it might be a combining character) of the character under the
855pointer is displayed until you release C<Control> and C<Shift>. 1176pointer is displayed until you release C<Control> and C<Shift>.
856 1177
1178In addition to the hex codes it will display the font used to draw this
1179character - due to implementation reasons, characters combined with
1180combining characters, line drawing characters and unknown characters will
1181always be drawn using the built-in support font.
1182
857=back 1183=back
858 1184
859With respect to conformance, rxvt-unicode is supposed to be compliant to 1185With respect to conformance, rxvt-unicode is supposed to be compliant to
860both scenario A and B of ISO 14755, including part 5.2. 1186both scenario A and B of ISO 14755, including part 5.2.
861 1187
862=head1 LOGIN STAMP 1188=head1 LOGIN STAMP
863 1189
864B<@@RXVT_NAME@@> tries to write an entry into the I<utmp>(5) file so 1190B<@@RXVT_NAME@@> tries to write an entry into the I<utmp>(5) file so that
865that it can be seen via the I<who(1)> command, and can accept messages. 1191it can be seen via the I<who(1)> command, and can accept messages. To
866To allow this feature, B<@@RXVT_NAME@@> must be installed setuid root on 1192allow this feature, B<@@RXVT_NAME@@> may need to be installed setuid root
867some systems. 1193on some systems or setgid to root or to some other group on others.
868 1194
869=head1 COLORS AND GRAPHICS 1195=head1 COLORS AND GRAPHICS
870 1196
871In addition to the default foreground and background colours, 1197In addition to the default foreground and background colours,
872B<@@RXVT_NAME@@> can display up to 16 colours (8 ANSI colours plus 1198B<@@RXVT_NAME@@> can display up to 16 colours (8 ANSI colours plus
913would yield White on Black, while on I<xterm>(1) it would yield Black 1239would yield White on Black, while on I<xterm>(1) it would yield Black
914on White. 1240on White.
915 1241
916=back 1242=back
917 1243
918=head1 FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS (FAQ) 1244=head1 ENVIRONMENT
1245
1246B<@@RXVT_NAME@@> sets and/or uses the following environment variables:
919 1247
920=over 4 1248=over 4
921 1249
922=item How do I know which rxvt-unicode version I'm using? 1250=item B<TERM>
923 1251
924The version number is displayed with the usage (-h). For rxvt-unicode 1252Normally set to C<rxvt-unicode>, unless overwritten at configure time, via
925version 2.14 and later, the escape sequence C<ESC[8n> sets the window 1253resources or on the commandline.
926title to the version number.
927 1254
928=item Rxvt-unicode does not seem to understand the selected encoding? 1255=item B<COLORTERM>
929 1256
930=item Unicode does not seem to work? 1257Either C<rxvt>, C<rxvt-xpm>, depending on wether @@RXVT_NAME@@ was
1258compiled with XPM support, and optionally with the added extension
1259C<-mono> to indicate that rxvt-unicode runs on a monochrome screen.
931 1260
932If you encounter strange problems like typing an accented character but 1261=item B<COLORFGBG>
933getting two unrelated other characters or similar, or if program output is
934subtly garbled, then you should check your locale settings.
935 1262
936Rxvt-unicode must be started with the same C<LC_CTYPE> setting as the 1263Set to a string of the form C<fg;bg> or C<fg;xpm;bg>, where C<fg> is
937programs. Often rxvt-unicode is started in the C<C> locale, while the 1264the colour code used as default foreground/text colour (or the string
938login script running within the rxvt-unicode window changes the locale to 1265C<default> to indicate that the default-colour escape sequence is to be
939sth. else, e.h. C<en_GB.UTF-8>. Needless to say, this is not going to work. 1266used), C<bg> is the colour code used as default background colour (or the
1267string C<default>), and C<xpm> is the string C<default> if @@RXVT_NAME@@
1268was compiled with XPM support. Libraries like C<ncurses> and C<slang> can
1269(and do) use this information to optimize screen output.
940 1270
941The best thing is to fix your startup environment, as you will likely run 1271=item B<WINDOWID>
942into other problems. If nothing works you can try this in your .profile.
943 1272
944 printf '\e]701;%s\007' "$LC_CTYPE" 1273Set to the (decimal) X Window ID of the @@RXVT_NAME@@ window (the toplevel
1274window, which usually has subwindows for the scrollbar, the terminal
1275window and so on).
945 1276
946If this doesn't work, then maybe you use a C<LC_CTYPE> specification not 1277=item B<TERMINFO>
947supported on your systems. Some systems have a C<locale> comamnd which
948displays this. If it displays sth. like:
949 1278
950 locale: Cannot set LC_CTYPE to default locale: ... 1279Set to the terminfo directory iff @@RXVT_NAME@@ was configured with
1280C<--with-terminfo=PATH>.
951 1281
952Then the locale you specified is not supported on your system. 1282=item B<DISPLAY>
953 1283
954If nothing works and you are sure that everything is set correctly then 1284Used by @@RXVT_NAME@@ to connect to the display and set to the correct
955you will need to remember a little known fact: Some programs just don't 1285display in it's child processes.
956support locales :(
957 1286
958=item Why do the characters look ugly? 1287=item B<SHELL>
959 1288
960=item How does rxvt-unicode choose fonts? 1289The shell to be used for command execution, defaults to C</bin/sh>.
961 1290
962Most fonts do not contain the full range of Unicode, which is 1291=item B<RXVTPATH>
963fine. Chances are that the font you (or the admin/package maintainer of
964your system/os) have specified does not cover all the characters you want
965to display.
966 1292
967B<rxvt-unicode> makes a best-effort try at finding a replacement 1293The path where @@RXVT_NAME@@ looks for support files such as menu and xpm
968font. Often the result is fine, but sometimes the chosen font looks 1294files.
969bad. In that case, select a font of your taste and add it to the font
970list, e.g.:
971 1295
972 @@RXVT_NAME@@ -fn basefont,font2,font3... 1296=item B<PATH>
973 1297
974When rxvt-unicode sees a character, it will first look at the base 1298Used in the same way as C<RXVTPATH>.
975font. If the base font does not contain the character, it will go to the
976next font, and so on.
977 1299
978The only limitation is that all the fonts must not be larger than the base 1300=item B<RXVT_SOCKET>
979font, as the base font defines the principial cell size, which must be the
980same due to the way terminals work.
981 1301
982=item Why do some chinese characters look so different than others? 1302The unix domain socket path used by @@RXVT_NAME@@c(1) and
1303@@RXVT_NAME@@d(1).
983 1304
984This is because there is a difference between script and language -- 1305Default F<<< $HOME/.rxvt-unicode-I<< <nodename >> >>>.
985rxvt-unicode does not know which language the text that is output
986is, as it only knows the unicode character codes. If rxvt-unicode
987first sees a japanese character, it might choose a japanese font for
988it. Subseqzuent japanese characters will take that font. Now, many chinese
989characters aren't represented in japanese fonts, so when the first
990non-japanese character comes up, rxvt-unicode will look for a chinese font
991-- unfortunately at this point, it will still use the japanese font for
992japanese characters that are also chinese.
993 1306
994The workaround is easy: just tag a chinese font at the end of your font 1307=item B<HOME>
995list (see the previous question). The key is to view the font list as
996a preference list: If you expect more japanese, list a japanese font
997first. If you expect more chinese, put a chinese font first.
998 1308
999In the future it might be possible to switch preferences at runtime (the 1309Used to locate the default directory for the unix domain socket for
1000internal data structure has no problem with using different fonts for 1310daemon communications and to locate various resource files (such as
1001the same character at the same time, but no interface for this has been 1311C<.Xdefaults>)
1002designed yet).
1003 1312
1004=item How does rxvt-unicode determine the encoding to use? 1313=item B<XAPPLRESDIR>
1005 1314
1006=item Is there an option to switch encodings? 1315Directory where various X resource files are being located.
1007 1316
1008Unlike some other terminals, rxvt-unicode has no encoding switch, and no 1317=item B<XENVIRONMENT>
1009specific "utf-8" mode, such as xterm. In fact, it doesn't even know about
1010UTF-8 or any other encodings with respect to terminal I/O.
1011 1318
1012The reasons is that there exists a perfectly fine mechanism for selecting 1319If set and accessible, gives the name of a X resource file to be loaded by
1013the encoding, doing I/O and (most important) communicating this to all
1014applications so everybody agrees on character properties such as width and
1015code number. This mechanism is the I<locale>.
1016
1017Rxvt-unicode uses the C<LC_CTYPE> locale category to select encoding. All
1018programs doing the same (that is, most) will automatically agree in the
1019interpretation of characters.
1020
1021Unfortunately, there is no system-independent way to select locales, nor
1022is there a standard on how locale specifiers will look like.
1023
1024On most systems, the content of the C<LC_CTYPE> environment variable
1025contains an arbitrary string which corresponds to an already-installed
1026locale. Common names for locales are C<en_US.UTF-8>, C<de_DE.ISO-8859-15>,
1027C<ja_JP.EUC-JP>, i.e. C<language_country.encoding>, but other forms
1028(i.e. C<de> or C<german>) are also common.
1029
1030Rxvt-unicode ignores all other locale categories, and except for
1031the encoding, ignores country or language-specific settings,
1032i.e. C<de_DE.UTF-8> and C<ja_JP.UTF-8> are the same for rxvt-unicode.
1033
1034If you want to use a specific encoding you have to make sure you start
1035rxvt-unicode with the correct C<LC_CTYPE> category.
1036
1037=item Can I switch locales at runtime?
1038
1039Yes, using an escape sequence. Try sth. like this, which sets
1040rxvt-unicode's idea of C<LC_CTYPE>.
1041
1042 printf '\e]701;%s\007' ja_JP.SJIS
1043
1044See also the previous question.
1045
1046Sometimes this capability is rather handy when you want to work in one
1047locale (e.g. C<de_DE.UTF-8>) but some programs don't support UTF-8. For
1048example, I use this script to start C<xjdic>, which first switches to a
1049locale supported by xjdic and back later:
1050
1051 printf '\e]701;%s\007' ja_JP.SJIS
1052 xjdic -js
1053 printf '\e]701;%s\007' de_DE.UTF-8
1054
1055=item Can I switch the fonts at runtime?
1056
1057Yes, using an escape sequence. Try sth. like this, which has the same
1058effect as using the C<-fn> switch, and takes effect immediately:
1059
1060 printf '\e]50;%s\007' "9x15bold,xft:Kochi Gothic"
1061
1062This is useful if you e.g. work primarily with japanese (and prefer a
1063japanese font), but you have to switch to chinese temporarily, where
1064japanese fonts would only be in your way.
1065
1066You can think of this as a kind of manual ISO-2022 switching.
1067
1068=item Mouse cut/paste suddenly no longer works.
1069
1070Make sure that mouse reporting is actually turned off since killing
1071some editors prematurely may leave the mouse in mouse report mode. I've
1072heard that tcsh may use mouse reporting unless it otherwise specified. A
1073quick check is to see if cut/paste works when the Alt or Shift keys are
1074depressed. See @@RXVT_NAME@@(7)
1075
1076=item What's with this bold/blink stuff?
1077
1078If no bold colour is set via C<colorBD:>, bold will invert text using the
1079standard foreground colour.
1080
1081For the standard background colour, blinking will actually make the
1082text blink when compiled with C<--enable-blinking>. with standard
1083colours. Without C<--enable-blinking>, the blink attribute will be
1084ignored.
1085
1086On ANSI colours, bold/blink attributes are used to set high-intensity
1087foreground/background colors.
1088
1089color0-7 are the low-intensity colors.
1090
1091color8-15 are the corresponding high-intensity colors.
1092
1093=item I don't like the screen colors. How do I change them?
1094
1095You can change the screen colors at run-time using F<~/.Xdefaults>
1096resources (or as long-options).
1097
1098Here are values that are supposed to resemble a VGA screen,
1099including the murky brown that passes for low-intensity yellow:
1100
1101 Rxvt*color0: #000000
1102 Rxvt*color1: #A80000
1103 Rxvt*color2: #00A800
1104 Rxvt*color3: #A8A800
1105 Rxvt*color4: #0000A8
1106 Rxvt*color5: #A800A8
1107 Rxvt*color6: #00A8A8
1108 Rxvt*color7: #A8A8A8
1109
1110 Rxvt*color8: #000054
1111 Rxvt*color9: #FF0054
1112 Rxvt*color10: #00FF54
1113 Rxvt*color11: #FFFF54
1114 Rxvt*color12: #0000FF
1115 Rxvt*color13: #FF00FF
1116 Rxvt*color14: #00FFFF
1117 Rxvt*color15: #FFFFFF
1118
1119=item What's with the strange Backspace/Delete key behaviour?
1120
1121Assuming that the physical Backspace key corresponds to the
1122BackSpace keysym (not likely for Linux ... see the following
1123question) there are two standard values that can be used for
1124Backspace: C<^H> and C<^?>.
1125
1126Historically, either value is correct, but rxvt-unicode adopts the debian
1127policy of using C<^?> when unsure, because it's the one only only correct
1128choice :).
1129
1130Rxvt-unicode tries to inherit the current stty settings and uses the value
1131of `erase' to guess the value for backspace. If rxvt-unicode wasn't
1132started from a terminal (say, from a menu or by remote shell), then the
1133system value of `erase', which corresponds to CERASE in <termios.h>, will
1134be used (which may not be the same as your stty setting).
1135
1136For starting a new rxvt-unicode:
1137
1138 # use Backspace = ^H
1139 $ stty erase ^H
1140 $ @@RXVT_NAME@@ 1320@@RXVT_NAME@@.
1141
1142 # use Backspace = ^?
1143 $ stty erase ^?
1144 $ @@RXVT_NAME@@
1145
1146Toggle with "ESC[36h" / "ESC[36l" as documented in @@RXVT_NAME@@(7).
1147
1148For an existing rxvt-unicode:
1149
1150 # use Backspace = ^H
1151 $ stty erase ^H
1152 $ echo -n "^[[36h"
1153
1154 # use Backspace = ^?
1155 $ stty erase ^?
1156 $ echo -n "^[[36l"
1157
1158This helps satisfy some of the Backspace discrepancies that occur, but
1159if you use Backspace = C<^H>, make sure that the termcap/terminfo value
1160properly reflects that.
1161
1162The Delete key is a another casualty of the ill-defined Backspace problem.
1163To avoid confusion between the Backspace and Delete keys, the Delete
1164key has been assigned an escape sequence to match the vt100 for Execute
1165(ESC[3~) and is in the supplied termcap/terminfo.
1166
1167Some other Backspace problems:
1168
1169some editors use termcap/terminfo,
1170some editors (vim I'm told) expect Backspace = ^H,
1171GNU Emacs (and Emacs-like editors) use ^H for help.
1172
1173Perhaps someday this will all be resolved in a consistent manner.
1174
1175=item I don't like the key-bindings. How do I change them?
1176
1177There are some compile-time selections available via configure. Unless
1178you have run "configure" with the C<--disable-resources> option you can
1179use the `keysym' resource to alter the keystrings associated with keysym
11800xFF00 - 0xFFFF (function, cursor keys, etc).
1181
1182Here's an example for a tn3270 session started using `@@RXVT_NAME@@ -name tn3270'
1183
1184 !# ----- special uses ------:
1185 ! tn3270 login, remap function and arrow keys.
1186 tn3270*font: *clean-bold-*-*--15-*
1187
1188 ! keysym - used by rxvt only
1189 ! Delete - ^D
1190 tn3270*keysym.0xFFFF: \004
1191
1192 ! Home - ^A
1193 tn3270*keysym.0xFF50: \001
1194 ! Left - ^B
1195 tn3270*keysym.0xFF51: \002
1196 ! Up - ^P
1197 tn3270*keysym.0xFF52: \020
1198 ! Right - ^F
1199 tn3270*keysym.0xFF53: \006
1200 ! Down - ^N
1201 tn3270*keysym.0xFF54: \016
1202 ! End - ^E
1203 tn3270*keysym.0xFF57: \005
1204
1205 ! F1 - F12
1206 tn3270*keysym.0xFFBE: \e1
1207 tn3270*keysym.0xFFBF: \e2
1208 tn3270*keysym.0xFFC0: \e3
1209 tn3270*keysym.0xFFC1: \e4
1210 tn3270*keysym.0xFFC2: \e5
1211 tn3270*keysym.0xFFC3: \e6
1212 tn3270*keysym.0xFFC4: \e7
1213 tn3270*keysym.0xFFC5: \e8
1214 tn3270*keysym.0xFFC6: \e9
1215 tn3270*keysym.0xFFC7: \e0
1216 tn3270*keysym.0xFFC8: \e-
1217 tn3270*keysym.0xFFC9: \e=
1218
1219 ! map Prior/Next to F7/F8
1220 tn3270*keysym.0xFF55: \e7
1221 tn3270*keysym.0xFF56: \e8
1222
1223=item I'm using keyboard model XXX that has extra Prior/Next/Insert keys.
1224How do I make use of them? For example, the Sun Keyboard type 4
1225has the following mappings that rxvt-unicode doesn't recognize.
1226
1227 KP_Insert == Insert
1228 F22 == Print
1229 F27 == Home
1230 F29 == Prior
1231 F33 == End
1232 F35 == Next
1233
1234Rather than have rxvt-unicode try to accomodate all the various possible keyboard
1235mappings, it is better to use `xmodmap' to remap the keys as required for
1236your particular machine.
1237
1238=item How do I distinguish if I'm running rxvt-unicode or a regular xterm?
1239I need this to decide about setting colors etc.
1240
1241rxvt and rxvt-unicode always export the variable "COLORTERM", so you can
1242check and see if that is set. Note that several programs, JED, slrn,
1243Midnight Commander automatically check this variable to decide whether or
1244not to use color.
1245
1246=item How do I set the correct, full IP address for the DISPLAY variable?
1247
1248If you've compiled rxvt-unicode with DISPLAY_IS_IP and ahve enabled
1249insecure mode then it is possible to use the following shell script
1250snippets to correctly set the display. If your version of rxvt-unicode
1251wasn't also compiled with ESCZ_ANSWER (as assumed in these snippets) then
1252the COLORTERM variable can be used to distinguish rxvt-unicode from a
1253regular xterm.
1254
1255Courtesy of Chuck Blake <cblake@BBN.COM> with the following shell script
1256snippets:
1257
1258 # Bourne/Korn/POSIX family of shells:
1259 [ ${TERM:-foo} = foo ] && TERM=xterm # assume an xterm if we don't know
1260 if [ ${TERM:-foo} = xterm ]; then
1261 stty -icanon -echo min 0 time 15 # see if enhanced rxvt or not
1262 echo -n '^[Z'
1263 read term_id
1264 stty icanon echo
1265 if [ ""${term_id} = '^[[?1;2C' -a ${DISPLAY:-foo} = foo ]; then
1266 echo -n '^[[7n' # query the rxvt we are in for the DISPLAY string
1267 read DISPLAY # set it in our local shell
1268 fi
1269 fi
1270
1271=item How do I compile the manual pages for myself?
1272
1273You need to have a recent version of perl installed as F</usr/bin/perl>,
1274one that comes with F<pod2man>, F<pod2text> and F<pod2html>. Then go to
1275the doc subdirectory and enter C<make alldoc>.
1276 1321
1277=back 1322=back
1278 1323
1279=head1 ENVIRONMENT
1280
1281B<@@RXVT_NAME@@> sets the environment variables B<TERM>, B<COLORTERM>
1282and B<COLORFGBG>. The environment variable B<WINDOWID> is set to the X
1283window id number of the B<@@RXVT_NAME@@> window and it also uses and
1284sets the environment variable B<DISPLAY> to specify which display
1285terminal to use. B<@@RXVT_NAME@@> uses the environment variables
1286B<RXVTPATH> and B<PATH> to find XPM files.
1287
1288=head1 FILES 1324=head1 FILES
1289 1325
1290=over 4 1326=over 4
1291 1327
1292=item B</etc/utmp>
1293
1294System file for login records.
1295
1296=item B</usr/lib/X11/rgb.txt> 1328=item B</usr/lib/X11/rgb.txt>
1297 1329
1298Color names. 1330Color names.
1299 1331
1300=back 1332=back
1301 1333
1302=head1 SEE ALSO 1334=head1 SEE ALSO
1303 1335
1304@@RXVT_NAME@@(7), xterm(1), sh(1), resize(1), X(1), pty(4), tty(4), utmp(5) 1336@@RXVT_NAME@@(7), @@RXVT_NAME@@c(1), @@RXVT_NAME@@d(1), xterm(1), sh(1), resize(1), X(1), pty(4), tty(4), utmp(5)
1305
1306=head1 BUGS
1307
1308Check the BUGS file for an up-to-date list.
1309
1310Cursor change support is not yet implemented.
1311
1312Click-and-drag doesn't work with X11 mouse report overriding.
1313 1337
1314=head1 CURRENT PROJECT COORDINATOR 1338=head1 CURRENT PROJECT COORDINATOR
1315 1339
1316=over 4 1340=over 4
1317 1341
1318=item Project Coordinator 1342=item Project Coordinator
1319 1343
1320@@RXVT_MAINT@@ L<@@RXVT_MAINTEMAIL@@> 1344Marc A. Lehmann L<< <rxvt-unicode@schmorp.de> >>
1321 1345
1322=item Web page maintainter 1346L<http://software.schmorp.de/#rxvt-unicode>
1323
1324@@RXVT_WEBMAINT@@ L<@@RXVT_WEBMAINTEMAIL@@>
1325
1326L<@@RXVT_WEBPAGE@@>
1327 1347
1328=back 1348=back
1329 1349
1330=head1 AUTHORS 1350=head1 AUTHORS
1331 1351
1356=item Geoff Wing L<< <gcw@pobox.com> >> 1376=item Geoff Wing L<< <gcw@pobox.com> >>
1357 1377
1358Rewrote screen display and text selection routines. Project Coordinator 1378Rewrote screen display and text selection routines. Project Coordinator
1359(changes.txt 2.4.6 - rxvt-unicode) 1379(changes.txt 2.4.6 - rxvt-unicode)
1360 1380
1361=item Marc Alexander Lehmann L<< <rxvt@schmorp.de> >> 1381=item Marc Alexander Lehmann L<< <rxvt-unicode@schmorp.de> >>
1362 1382
1363Forked rxvt-unicode, rewrote most of the display code and internal 1383Forked rxvt-unicode, rewrote most of the display code and internal
1364character handling to store text in unicode, improve xterm 1384character handling to store text in unicode, improve xterm
1365compatibility and apply numerous other bugfixes and extensions. 1385compatibility and apply numerous other bugfixes and extensions.
1366 1386

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