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Revision 1.5 by root, Sat Aug 14 03:00:32 2004 UTC vs.
Revision 1.205 by sf-exg, Fri Nov 18 02:15:22 2011 UTC

12emulator intended as an I<xterm>(1) replacement for users who do not 12emulator intended as an I<xterm>(1) replacement for users who do not
13require features such as Tektronix 4014 emulation and toolkit-style 13require features such as Tektronix 4014 emulation and toolkit-style
14configurability. As a result, B<rxvt-unicode> uses much less swap space -- 14configurability. As a result, B<rxvt-unicode> uses much less swap space --
15a significant advantage on a machine serving many X sessions. 15a significant advantage on a machine serving many X sessions.
16 16
17This document is also available on the World-Wide-Web at
18L<http://pod.tst.eu/http://cvs.schmorp.de/rxvt-unicode/doc/rxvt.1.pod>.
19
20=head1 FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS
21
22See @@RXVT_NAME@@(7) (try C<man 7 @@RXVT_NAME@@>) for a list of
23frequently asked questions and answer to them and some common
24problems. That document is also accessible on the World-Wide-Web at
25L<http://pod.tst.eu/http://cvs.schmorp.de/rxvt-unicode/doc/rxvt.7.pod>.
26
17=head1 RXVT-UNICODE VS. RXVT 27=head1 RXVT-UNICODE VS. RXVT
18 28
19Unlike the original rxvt, B<rxvt-unicode> stores all text in Unicode 29Unlike the original rxvt, B<rxvt-unicode> stores all text in Unicode
20internally. That means it can store and display most scripts in the 30internally. That means it can store and display most scripts in the
21world. Being a terminal emulator, however, some things are very difficult, 31world. Being a terminal emulator, however, some things are very difficult,
22especially cursive scripts such as arabic, vertically written scripts 32especially cursive scripts such as arabic, vertically written scripts
23like mongolian or scripts requiring extremely complex combining rules, 33like mongolian or scripts requiring extremely complex combining rules,
24like tibetan or devenagari. Don't expect pretty output when using these 34like tibetan or devanagari. Don't expect pretty output when using these
25scripts. Most other scripts, latin, cyrillic, kanji, thai etc. should work 35scripts. Most other scripts, latin, cyrillic, kanji, thai etc. should work
26fine, though. A somewhat difficult case are left-to-right scripts, such 36fine, though. A somewhat difficult case are right-to-left scripts, such
27as hebrew: B<rxvt-unicode> adopts the view that bidirectional algorithms 37as hebrew: B<rxvt-unicode> adopts the view that bidirectional algorithms
28belong into the application, not the terminal emulator (too many things -- 38belong in the application, not the terminal emulator (too many things --
29such as cursor-movement -- break othwerwise). 39such as cursor-movement while editing -- break otherwise), but that might
40change.
30 41
42If you are looking for a terminal that supports more exotic scripts, let
43me recommend C<mlterm>, which is a very user friendly, lean and clean
44terminal emulator. In fact, the reason rxvt-unicode was born was solely
45because the author couldn't get C<mlterm> to use one font for latin1 and
46another for japanese.
47
31Another design rationale was the use of multiple fonts to display 48Therefore another design rationale was the use of multiple fonts to
32characters: The idea of a single unicode font which many other programs 49display characters: The idea of a single unicode font which many other
33force onto it's users never made sense to me: You should be able to choose 50programs force onto its users never made sense to me: You should be able
34any font for any script. 51to choose any font for any script freely.
35 52
36Apart from that, rxvt-unicode is also much better internationalised than 53Apart from that, rxvt-unicode is also much better internationalised than
37it's predecessor, supports things such as XFT and ISO 14755 that are handy 54its predecessor, supports things such as XFT and ISO 14755 that are handy
38in i18n-environments, is faster, and has a lot less bugs than the original 55in i18n-environments, is faster, and has a lot bugs less than the original
39rxvt. This all in addition to dozens of other small improvements. 56rxvt. This all in addition to dozens of other small improvements.
40 57
41It is still faithfully following the original rxvt idea of being lean 58It is still faithfully following the original rxvt idea of being lean
42and nice on resources: for example, you can still configure rxvt-unicode 59and nice on resources: for example, you can still configure rxvt-unicode
43without most of it's features to get a lean binary. It also comes with 60without most of its features to get a lean binary. It also comes with
44a client/daemon pair that lets you open any number of terminal windows 61a client/daemon pair that lets you open any number of terminal windows
45from within a single process, which makes startup time very fast and 62from within a single process, which makes startup time very fast and
46drastically reduces memory usage. See @@RXVT_NAME@@d(1) (daemon) and 63drastically reduces memory usage. See @@RXVT_NAME@@d(1) (daemon) and
47@@RXVT_NAME@@c(1) (client). 64@@RXVT_NAME@@c(1) (client).
48 65
49It also makes technical information about escape sequences (which have 66It also makes technical information about escape sequences (which have
50been extended) easier accessible: see @@RXVT_NAME@@(7) for technical 67been extended) more accessible: see @@RXVT_NAME@@(7) for technical
51reference documentation (escape sequences etc.) and the FAQ section at the 68reference documentation (escape sequences etc.).
52end of this document.
53 69
54=head1 OPTIONS 70=head1 OPTIONS
55 71
56The B<@@RXVT_NAME@@> options (mostly a subset of I<xterm>'s) are listed 72The B<@@RXVT_NAME@@> options (mostly a subset of I<xterm>'s) are listed
57below. In keeping with the smaller-is-better philosophy, options may be 73below. In keeping with the smaller-is-better philosophy, options may be
76 92
77Print out a message describing available options. 93Print out a message describing available options.
78 94
79=item B<-display> I<displayname> 95=item B<-display> I<displayname>
80 96
81Attempt to open a window on the named X display (B<-d> still 97Attempt to open a window on the named X display (the older form B<-d>
82respected). In the absence of this option, the display specified by the 98is still respected. but deprecated). In the absence of this option, the
83B<DISPLAY> environment variable is used. 99display specified by the B<DISPLAY> environment variable is used.
100
101=item B<-depth> I<bitdepth>
102
103Compile I<xft>: Attempt to find a visual with the given bit depth;
104resource B<depth>.
105
106[Please note that many X servers (and libXft) are buggy with
107respect to C<-depth 32> and/or alpha channels, and will cause all sorts
108of graphical corruption. This is harmless, but we can't do anything about
109this, so watch out]
84 110
85=item B<-geometry> I<geom> 111=item B<-geometry> I<geom>
86 112
87Window geometry (B<-g> still respected); resource B<geometry>. 113Window geometry (B<-g> still respected); resource B<geometry>.
88 114
90 116
91Turn on/off simulated reverse video; resource B<reverseVideo>. 117Turn on/off simulated reverse video; resource B<reverseVideo>.
92 118
93=item B<-j>|B<+j> 119=item B<-j>|B<+j>
94 120
95Turn on/off jump scrolling; resource B<jumpScroll>. 121Turn on/off jump scrolling (allow multiple lines per refresh); resource B<jumpScroll>.
96 122
97=item B<-ip>|B<+ip> 123=item B<-ss>|B<+ss>
98 124
99Turn on/off inheriting parent window's pixmap. Alternative form is 125Turn on/off skip scrolling (allow multiple screens per refresh); resource B<skipScroll>.
100B<-tr>; resource B<inheritPixmap>. 126
127=item B<-tr>|B<+tr>
128
129Turn on/off pseudo-transparency by using the root pixmap as background; resource B<transparent>.
130
131B<-ip> is still accepted as an obsolete alias but will be removed in
132future versions.
101 133
102=item B<-fade> I<number> 134=item B<-fade> I<number>
103 135
104Fade the text by the given percentage when focus is lost. 136Fade the text by the given percentage when focus is lost. Small values
137fade a little only, 100 completely replaces all colours by the fade
138colour; resource B<fading>.
139
140=item B<-fadecolor> I<colour>
141
142Fade to this colour when fading is used (see B<-fade>). The default colour
143is opaque black. resource B<fadeColor>.
105 144
106=item B<-tint> I<colour> 145=item B<-tint> I<colour>
107 146
108Tint the transparent background pixmap with the given colour when 147Tint the transparent background with the given colour;
109transparency is enabled with B<-tr> or B<-ip>. See also the B<-sh> 148resource I<tintColor>.
110option that can be used to brighten or darken the image in addition to
111tinting it.
112 149
113=item B<-sh> 150=item B<-sh> I<number>
114 151
115I<number> Darken (0 .. 100) or lighten (-1 .. -100) the transparent 152Darken (0 .. 99) or lighten (101 .. 200) the transparent background.
116background image in addition to tinting it (i.e. B<-tint> must be 153A value of 100 means no shading; resource I<shading>.
117specified, too). 154
155=item B<-blt> I<string>
156
157Specify background blending type. If background pixmap is specified
158at the same time as transparency - such pixmap will be blended over
159the transparent background, using the method specified. Supported values are:
160B<add>, B<alphablend>, B<allanon> - colour values averaging, B<colorize>,
161B<darken>, B<diff>, B<dissipate>, B<hue>, B<lighten>, B<overlay>,
162B<saturate>, B<screen>, B<sub>, B<tint>, B<value>. The default is
163alpha-blending. Compile I<afterimage>; resource I<blendType>.
164
165=item B<-blr> I<HxV>
166
167Apply Gaussian Blur with the specified radii to the transparent
168background. If a single number is specified - both vertical and
169horizontal radii are considered to be the same. Setting one of the
170radii to 1 and another to a large number creates interesting effects
171on some backgrounds. Maximum radius value is 128;
172resource I<blurRadius>.
173
174=item B<-icon> I<file>
175
176Compile I<afterimage> or I<pixbuf>: Use the specified image as application icon. This
177is used by many window managers, taskbars and pagers to represent the
178application window; resource I<iconFile>.
118 179
119=item B<-bg> I<colour> 180=item B<-bg> I<colour>
120 181
121Window background colour; resource B<background>. 182Window background colour; resource B<background>.
122 183
123=item B<-fg> I<colour> 184=item B<-fg> I<colour>
124 185
125Window foreground colour; resource B<foreground>. 186Window foreground colour; resource B<foreground>.
126 187
127=item B<-pixmap> I<file[;geom]> 188=item B<-pixmap> I<file[;oplist]>
128 189
129Compile I<XPM>: Specify XPM file for the background and also optionally 190Compile I<afterimage> or I<pixbuf>: Specify image file for the background and also
130specify its scaling with a geometry string. Note you may need to add 191optionally specify a list of operations to modify it. Note you may need to
131quotes to avoid special shell interpretation of the `;' in the 192add quotes to avoid special shell interpretation of the C<;> in the
132command-line; resource B<backgroundPixmap>. 193command-line; for more details see resource B<backgroundPixmap>.
133 194
134=item B<-cr> I<colour> 195=item B<-cr> I<colour>
135 196
136The cursor colour; resource B<cursorColor>. 197The cursor colour; resource B<cursorColor>.
137 198
143 204
144The mouse pointer background colour; resource B<pointerColor2>. 205The mouse pointer background colour; resource B<pointerColor2>.
145 206
146=item B<-bd> I<colour> 207=item B<-bd> I<colour>
147 208
148The colour of the border between the xterm scrollbar and the text; 209The colour of the border around the text area and between the scrollbar and the text;
149resource B<borderColor>. 210resource B<borderColor>.
150 211
151=item B<-fn> I<fontname> 212=item B<-fn> I<fontlist>
152 213
153Select the fonts to be used. This is a comma seperated list of font 214Select the fonts to be used. This is a comma separated list of font names
154names that are used in turn when trying to display Unicode characters. 215that are checked in order when trying to find glyphs for characters. The
155The first font defines the cell size for characters; other fonts might 216first font defines the cell size for characters; other fonts might be
156be smaller, but not larger. A reasonable default font list is always 217smaller, but not (in general) larger. A (hopefully) reasonable default
157appended to it. resource B<font>. 218font list is always appended to it. See resource B<font> for more details.
219
220In short, to specify an X11 core font, just specify its name or prefix it
221with C<x:>. To specify an XFT-font, you need to prefix it with C<xft:>,
222e.g.:
223
224 @@RXVT_NAME@@ -fn "xft:Bitstream Vera Sans Mono:pixelsize=15"
225 @@RXVT_NAME@@ -fn "9x15bold,xft:Bitstream Vera Sans Mono"
158 226
159See also the question "How does rxvt-unicode choose fonts?" in the FAQ 227See also the question "How does rxvt-unicode choose fonts?" in the FAQ
160section. 228section of @@RXVT_NAME@@(7).
161 229
230=item B<-fb> I<fontlist>
231
232Compile I<font-styles>: The bold font list to use when B<bold> characters
233are to be printed. See resource B<boldFont> for details.
234
235=item B<-fi> I<fontlist>
236
237Compile I<font-styles>: The italic font list to use when I<italic>
238characters are to be printed. See resource B<italicFont> for details.
239
240=item B<-fbi> I<fontlist>
241
242Compile I<font-styles>: The bold italic font list to use when B<< I<bold
243italic> >> characters are to be printed. See resource B<boldItalicFont>
244for details.
245
162=item B<-rb>|B<+rb> 246=item B<-is>|B<+is>
163 247
164Enable "real bold" support. When this option is on, bold text will be 248Compile I<font-styles>: Bold/Blink font styles imply high intensity
165displayed using the first available bold font in the font list. Bold 249foreground/background (default). See resource B<intensityStyles> for
166fonts should thus be specified in the font list after their 250details.
167corresponding regular fonts. If no bold font can be found, a regular
168font will be used. resource B<realBold>.
169 251
170=item B<-name> I<name> 252=item B<-name> I<name>
171 253
172Specify the application name under which resources are to be obtained, 254Specify the application name under which resources are to be obtained,
173rather than the default executable file name. Name should not contain 255rather than the default executable file name. Name should not contain
189 271
190=item B<-sb>|B<+sb> 272=item B<-sb>|B<+sb>
191 273
192Turn on/off scrollbar; resource B<scrollBar>. 274Turn on/off scrollbar; resource B<scrollBar>.
193 275
276=item B<-sr>|B<+sr>
277
278Put scrollbar on right/left; resource B<scrollBar_right>.
279
280=item B<-st>|B<+st>
281
282Display rxvt (non XTerm/NeXT) scrollbar without/with a trough;
283resource B<scrollBar_floating>.
284
194=item B<-si>|B<+si> 285=item B<-si>|B<+si>
195 286
196Turn on/off scroll-to-bottom on TTY output inhibit; resource 287Turn on/off scroll-to-bottom on TTY output inhibit; resource
197B<scrollTtyOutput> has opposite effect. 288B<scrollTtyOutput> has opposite effect.
198 289
205 296
206Turn on/off scrolling with the scrollback buffer as new lines appear. 297Turn on/off scrolling with the scrollback buffer as new lines appear.
207This only takes effect if B<-si> is also given; resource 298This only takes effect if B<-si> is also given; resource
208B<scrollWithBuffer>. 299B<scrollWithBuffer>.
209 300
210=item B<-sr>|B<+sr>
211
212Put scrollbar on right/left; resource B<scrollBar_right>.
213
214=item B<-st>|B<+st> 301=item B<-ptab>|B<+ptab>
215 302
216Display normal (non XTerm/NeXT) scrollbar without/with a trough; 303If enabled (default), "Horizontal Tab" characters are being stored as
217resource B<scrollBar_floating>. 304actual wide characters in the screen buffer, which makes it possible to
305select and paste them. Since a horizontal tab is a cursor movement and
306not an actual glyph, this can sometimes be visually annoying as the cursor
307on a tab character is displayed as a wide cursor; resource B<pastableTabs>.
218 308
219=item B<-bc>|B<+bc> 309=item B<-bc>|B<+bc>
220 310
221Blink the cursor; resource B<cursorBlink>. 311Blink the cursor; resource B<cursorBlink>.
312
313=item B<-uc>|B<+uc>
314
315Make the cursor underlined; resource B<cursorUnderline>.
222 316
223=item B<-iconic> 317=item B<-iconic>
224 318
225Start iconified, if the window manager supports that option. 319Start iconified, if the window manager supports that option.
226Alternative form is B<-ic>. 320Alternative form is B<-ic>.
243 337
244=item B<-bl> 338=item B<-bl>
245 339
246Compile I<frills>: Set MWM hints to request a borderless window, i.e. 340Compile I<frills>: Set MWM hints to request a borderless window, i.e.
247if honoured by the WM, the rxvt-unicode window will not have window 341if honoured by the WM, the rxvt-unicode window will not have window
248decorations; resource B<borderLess>. 342decorations; resource B<borderLess>. If the window manager does not
343support MWM hints (e.g. kwin), enables override-redirect mode.
344
345=item B<-override-redirect>
346
347Compile I<frills>: Sets override-redirect on the window; resource
348B<override-redirect>.
349
350=item B<-sbg>
351
352Compile I<frills>: Disable the usage of the built-in block graphics/line
353drawing characters and just rely on what the specified fonts provide. Use
354this if you have a good font and want to use its block graphic glyphs;
355resource B<skipBuiltinGlyphs>.
249 356
250=item B<-lsp> I<number> 357=item B<-lsp> I<number>
251 358
252Compile I<linespace>: Lines (pixel height) to insert between each row 359Compile I<frills>: Lines (pixel height) to insert between each row of
253of the display; resource B<linespace>. 360the display. Useful to work around font rendering problems; resource
361B<lineSpace>.
362
363=item B<-letsp> I<number>
364
365Compile I<frills>: Amount to adjust the computed character width by
366to control overall letter spacing. Negative values will tighten up the
367letter spacing, positive values will space letters out more. Useful to
368work around odd font metrics; resource B<letterSpace>.
254 369
255=item B<-tn> I<termname> 370=item B<-tn> I<termname>
256 371
257This option specifies the name of the terminal type to be set in the 372This option specifies the name of the terminal type to be set in the
258B<TERM> environment variable. This terminal type must exist in the 373B<TERM> environment variable. This terminal type must exist in the
267given on the command line. If this option is used, it must be the last 382given on the command line. If this option is used, it must be the last
268on the command-line. If there is no B<-e> option then the default is to 383on the command-line. If there is no B<-e> option then the default is to
269run the program specified by the B<SHELL> environment variable or, 384run the program specified by the B<SHELL> environment variable or,
270failing that, I<sh(1)>. 385failing that, I<sh(1)>.
271 386
387Please note that you must specify a program with arguments. If you want to
388run shell commands, you have to specify the shell, like this:
389
390 @@RXVT_NAME@@ -e sh -c "shell commands"
391
272=item B<-title> I<text> 392=item B<-title> I<text>
273 393
274Window title (B<-T> still respected); the default title is the basename 394Window title (B<-T> still respected); the default title is the basename
275of the program specified after the B<-e> option, if any, otherwise the 395of the program specified after the B<-e> option, if any, otherwise the
276application name; resource B<title>. 396application name; resource B<title>.
294 414
295Compile I<XIM>: input method name. resource B<inputMethod>. 415Compile I<XIM>: input method name. resource B<inputMethod>.
296 416
297=item B<-imlocale> I<string> 417=item B<-imlocale> I<string>
298 418
299The locale to use for opening the IM. You can use an LC_CTYPE of e.g. 419The locale to use for opening the IM. You can use an C<LC_CTYPE> of e.g.
300de_DE.UTF-8 for normal text processing but ja_JP.EUC-JP for the input 420C<de_DE.UTF-8> for normal text processing but C<ja_JP.EUC-JP> for the
301extension to be able to input japanese characters while staying in 421input extension to be able to input japanese characters while staying in
302another locale. 422another locale. resource B<imLocale>.
423
424=item B<-imfont> I<fontset>
425
426Set the font set to use for the X Input Method, see resource B<imFont>
427for more info.
428
429=item B<-tcw>
430
431Change the meaning of triple-click selection with the left mouse
432button. Only effective when the original (non-perl) selection code is
433in-use. Instead of selecting a full line it will extend the selection to
434the end of the logical line only. resource B<tripleclickwords>.
303 435
304=item B<-insecure> 436=item B<-insecure>
305 437
306Enable "insecure" mode, which currently enables most of the escape 438Enable "insecure" mode, which currently enables most of the escape
307sequences that echo strings. See the resource B<insecure> for more 439sequences that echo strings. See the resource B<insecure> for more
321=item B<-ssr>|B<+ssr> 453=item B<-ssr>|B<+ssr>
322 454
323Turn on/off secondary screen scroll (default enabled); resource 455Turn on/off secondary screen scroll (default enabled); resource
324B<secondaryScroll>. 456B<secondaryScroll>.
325 457
458=item B<-hold>|B<+hold>
459
460Turn on/off hold window after exit support. If enabled, @@RXVT_NAME@@
461will not immediately destroy its window when the program executed within
462it exits. Instead, it will wait till it is being killed or closed by the
463user; resource B<hold>.
464
465=item B<-cd> I<path>
466
467Sets the working directory for the shell (or the command specified via
468B<-e>). The I<path> must be an absolute path and it must exist for
469@@RXVT_NAME@@ to start; resource B<chdir>.
470
326=item B<-xrm> I<resourcestring> 471=item B<-xrm> I<string>
327 472
328No effect on rxvt-unicode. Simply passes through an argument to be made 473Works like the X Toolkit option of the same name, by adding the I<string>
329available in the instance's argument list. Appears in I<WM_COMMAND> in 474as if it were specified in a resource file. Resource values specified this
330some window managers. 475way take precedence over all other resource specifications.
476
477Note that you need to use the I<same> syntax as in the .Xdefaults file,
478e.g. C<*.background: black>. Also note that all @@RXVT_NAME@@-specific
479options can be specified as long-options on the commandline, so use
480of B<-xrm> is mostly limited to cases where you want to specify other
481resources (e.g. for input methods) or for compatibility with other
482programs.
483
484=item B<-keysym.>I<sym> I<string>
485
486Remap a key symbol. See resource B<keysym>.
487
488=item B<-embed> I<windowid>
489
490Tells @@RXVT_NAME@@ to embed its windows into an already-existing window,
491which enables applications to easily embed a terminal.
492
493Right now, @@RXVT_NAME@@ will first unmap/map the specified window, so it
494shouldn't be a top-level window. @@RXVT_NAME@@ will also reconfigure it
495quite a bit, so don't expect it to keep some specific state. It's best to
496create an extra subwindow for @@RXVT_NAME@@ and leave it alone.
497
498The window will not be destroyed when @@RXVT_NAME@@ exits.
499
500It might be useful to know that @@RXVT_NAME@@ will not close file
501descriptors passed to it (except for stdin/out/err, of course), so you
502can use file descriptors to communicate with the programs within the
503terminal. This works regardless of whether the C<-embed> option was used or
504not.
505
506Here is a short Gtk2-perl snippet that illustrates how this option can be
507used (a longer example is in F<doc/embed>):
508
509 my $rxvt = new Gtk2::Socket;
510 $rxvt->signal_connect_after (realize => sub {
511 my $xid = $_[0]->window->get_xid;
512 system "@@RXVT_NAME@@ -embed $xid &";
513 });
514
515=item B<-pty-fd> I<file descriptor>
516
517Tells @@RXVT_NAME@@ NOT to execute any commands or create a new pty/tty
518pair but instead use the given file descriptor as the tty master. This is
519useful if you want to drive @@RXVT_NAME@@ as a generic terminal emulator
520without having to run a program within it.
521
522If this switch is given, @@RXVT_NAME@@ will not create any utmp/wtmp
523entries and will not tinker with pty/tty permissions - you have to do that
524yourself if you want that.
525
526As an extremely special case, specifying C<-1> will completely suppress
527pty/tty operations, which is probably only useful in conjunction with some
528perl extension that manages the terminal.
529
530Here is a example in perl that illustrates how this option can be used (a
531longer example is in F<doc/pty-fd>):
532
533 use IO::Pty;
534 use Fcntl;
535
536 my $pty = new IO::Pty;
537 fcntl $pty, F_SETFD, 0; # clear close-on-exec
538 system "@@RXVT_NAME@@ -pty-fd " . (fileno $pty) . "&";
539 close $pty;
540
541 # now communicate with rxvt
542 my $slave = $pty->slave;
543 while (<$slave>) { print $slave "got <$_>\n" }
544
545=item B<-pe> I<string>
546
547Comma-separated list of perl extension scripts to use (or not to use) in
548this terminal instance. See resource B<perl-ext> for details.
331 549
332=back 550=back
333 551
334=head1 RESOURCES (available also as long-options) 552=head1 RESOURCES
335 553
336Note: `@@RXVT_NAME@@ --help' gives a list of all resources (long 554Note: `@@RXVT_NAME@@ --help' gives a list of all resources (long
337options) compiled into your version. 555options) compiled into your version. All resources are also available as
556long-options.
338 557
339There are two different methods that @@RXVT_NAME@@ can use to get the 558You can set and change the resources using X11 tools like B<xrdb>. Many
340Xresource data: using the X libraries (Xrm*-functions) or internal 559distribution do also load settings from the B<~/.Xresources> file when X
341Xresources reader (B<~/.Xdefaults>). For the first method (ie. 560starts. @@RXVT_NAME@@ will consult the following files/resources in order,
342B<@@RXVT_NAME@@ -h> lists B<XGetDefaults>), you can set and change the 561with later settings overwriting earlier ones:
343resources using X11 tools like B<xset>. Many distribution do also load
344settings from the B<~/.Xresources> file when X starts.
345 562
346If compiled with internal Xresources support (i.e. B<@@RXVT_NAME@@ -h> 563 1. app-defaults file in $XAPPLRESDIR
347lists B<.Xdefaults>) then B<@@RXVT_NAME@@> accepts application defaults 564 2. $HOME/.Xdefaults
348set in XAPPLOADDIR/URxvt (compile-time defined: usually 565 3. RESOURCE_MANAGER property on root-window of screen 0
349B</usr/lib/X11/app-defaults/URxvt>) and resources set in 566 4. SCREEN_RESOURCES property on root-window of the current screen
350B<~/.Xdefaults>, or B<~/.Xresources> if B<~/.Xdefaults> does not exist. 567 5. $XENVIRONMENT file OR $HOME/.Xdefaults-<nodename>
568 6. resources specified via -xrm on the commandline
569
351Note that when reading X resources, B<@@RXVT_NAME@@> recognizes two 570Note that when reading X resources, B<@@RXVT_NAME@@> recognizes two class
352class names: B<XTerm> and B<URxvt>. The class name B<Rxvt> allows 571names: B<Rxvt> and B<URxvt>. The class name B<Rxvt> allows resources
353resources common to both B<@@RXVT_NAME@@> and the original I<rxvt> to be 572common to both B<@@RXVT_NAME@@> and the original I<rxvt> to be easily
354easily configured, while the class name B<URxvt> allows resources 573configured, while the class name B<URxvt> allows resources unique to
355unique to B<@@RXVT_NAME@@>, notably colours and key-handling, to be 574B<@@RXVT_NAME@@>, to be shared between different B<@@RXVT_NAME@@>
356shared between different B<@@RXVT_NAME@@> configurations. If no 575configurations. If no resources are specified, suitable defaults will
357resources are specified, suitable defaults will be used. Command-line 576be used. Command-line arguments can be used to override resource
358arguments can be used to override resource settings. The following 577settings. The following resources are supported (you might want to
359resources are allowed: 578check the @@RXVT_NAME@@perl(3) manpage for additional settings by perl
579extensions not documented here):
360 580
361=over 4 581=over 4
582
583=item B<depth:> I<bitdepth>
584
585Compile I<xft>: Attempt to find a visual with the given bit depth;
586option B<-depth>.
587
588=item B<buffered:> I<boolean>
589
590Compile I<xft>: Turn on/off double-buffering for xft (default enabled).
591On some card/driver combination enabling it slightly decreases
592performance, on most it greatly helps it. The slowdown is small, so it
593should normally be enabled.
362 594
363=item B<geometry:> I<geom> 595=item B<geometry:> I<geom>
364 596
365Create the window with the specified X window geometry [default 80x24]; 597Create the window with the specified X window geometry [default 80x24];
366option B<-geometry>. 598option B<-geometry>.
380Use the specified colour for the colour value I<n>, where 0-7 612Use the specified colour for the colour value I<n>, where 0-7
381corresponds to low-intensity (normal) colours and 8-15 corresponds to 613corresponds to low-intensity (normal) colours and 8-15 corresponds to
382high-intensity (bold = bright foreground, blink = bright background) 614high-intensity (bold = bright foreground, blink = bright background)
383colours. The canonical names are as follows: 0=black, 1=red, 2=green, 615colours. The canonical names are as follows: 0=black, 1=red, 2=green,
3843=yellow, 4=blue, 5=magenta, 6=cyan, 7=white, but the actual colour 6163=yellow, 4=blue, 5=magenta, 6=cyan, 7=white, but the actual colour
385names used are listed in the B<COLORS AND GRAPHICS> section. 617names used are listed in the B<COLOURS AND GRAPHICS> section.
618
619Colours higher than 15 cannot be set using resources (yet), but can be
620changed using an escape command (see @@RXVT_NAME@@(7)).
621
622Colours 16-79 form a standard 4x4x4 colour cube (the same as xterm with
62388 colour support). Colours 80-87 are evenly spaces grey steps.
386 624
387=item B<colorBD:> I<colour> 625=item B<colorBD:> I<colour>
388 626
627=item B<colorIT:> I<colour>
628
389Use the specified colour to display bold characters when the foreground 629Use the specified colour to display bold or italic characters when the
390colour is the default. This option will be ignored if B<realBold> is 630foreground colour is the default. If font styles are not available
391enabled. 631(Compile I<styles>) and this option is unset, reverse video is used instead.
392 632
393=item B<colorUL:> I<colour> 633=item B<colorUL:> I<colour>
394 634
395Use the specified colour to display underlined characters when the 635Use the specified colour to display underlined characters when the
396foreground colour is the default. 636foreground colour is the default.
397 637
398=item B<colorRV:> I<colour> 638=item B<underlineColor:> I<colour>
399 639
640If set, use the specified colour as the colour for the underline
641itself. If unset, use the foreground colour.
642
643=item B<highlightColor:> I<colour>
644
400Use the specified colour as the background for reverse video 645If set, use the specified colour as the background for highlighted
401characters. 646characters. If unset, use reverse video.
647
648=item B<highlightTextColor:> I<colour>
649
650If set and highlightColor is set, use the specified colour as the
651foreground for highlighted characters.
402 652
403=item B<cursorColor:> I<colour> 653=item B<cursorColor:> I<colour>
404 654
405Use the specified colour for the cursor. The default is to use the 655Use the specified colour for the cursor. The default is to use the
406foreground colour; option B<-cr>. 656foreground colour; option B<-cr>.
413 663
414=item B<reverseVideo:> I<boolean> 664=item B<reverseVideo:> I<boolean>
415 665
416B<True>: simulate reverse video by foreground and background colours; 666B<True>: simulate reverse video by foreground and background colours;
417option B<-rv>. B<False>: regular screen colours [default]; option 667option B<-rv>. B<False>: regular screen colours [default]; option
418B<+rv>. See note in B<COLORS AND GRAPHICS> section. 668B<+rv>. See note in B<COLOURS AND GRAPHICS> section.
419 669
420=item B<jumpScroll:> I<boolean> 670=item B<jumpScroll:> I<boolean>
421 671
422B<True>: specify that jump scrolling should be used. When scrolling 672B<True>: specify that jump scrolling should be used. When receiving lots
423quickly, fewer screen updates are performed [default]; option B<-j>. 673of lines, @@RXVT_NAME@@ will only scroll once a whole screen height of lines
674has been read, resulting in fewer updates while still displaying every
675received line; option B<-j>.
676
424B<False>: specify that smooth scrolling should be used; option B<+j>. 677B<False>: specify that smooth scrolling should be used. @@RXVT_NAME@@ will
678force a screen refresh on each new line it received; option B<+j>.
425 679
426=item B<inheritPixmap:> I<boolean> 680=item B<skipScroll:> I<boolean>
427 681
428B<True>: make the background inherit the parent windows' pixmap, giving 682B<True>: (the default) specify that skip scrolling should be used. When
429artificial transparency. B<False>: do not inherit the parent windows' 683receiving lots of lines, @@RXVT_NAME@@ will only scroll once in a while
430pixmap. 684(around 60 times per second), resulting in far fewer updates. This can
685result in @@RXVT_NAME@@ not ever displaying some of the lines it receives;
686option B<-ss>.
687
688B<False>: specify that everything is to be displayed, even
689if the refresh is too fast for the human eye to read anything (or the
690monitor to display anything); option B<+ss>.
691
692=item B<transparent:> I<boolean>
693
694Turn on/off pseudo-transparency by using the root pixmap as background.
695
696B<inheritPixmap> is still accepted as an obsolete alias but will be removed in
697future versions.
431 698
432=item B<fading:> I<number> 699=item B<fading:> I<number>
433 700
434Fade the text by the given percentage when focus is lost. 701Fade the text by the given percentage when focus is lost; option B<-fade>.
702
703=item B<fadeColor:> I<colour>
704
705Fade to this colour, when fading is used (see B<fading:>). The default
706colour is black; option B<-fadecolor>.
435 707
436=item B<tintColor:> I<colour> 708=item B<tintColor:> I<colour>
437 709
438Tint the transparent background pixmap with the given colour. 710Tint the transparent background with the given colour. If the RENDER
711extension is not available only black, red, green, yellow, blue,
712magenta, cyan and white tints can be performed server-side. Note that
713a black tint yields a completely black image while a white tint yields
714the image unchanged; option B<-tint>.
439 715
440=item B<shading:> I<number> 716=item B<shading:> I<number>
441 717
442Darken (0 .. 100) or lighten (-1 .. -100) the transparent background 718Darken (0 .. 99) or lighten (101 .. 200) the transparent background.
443image in addition to tinting it. 719A value of 100 means no shading; option B<-sh>.
444 720
721=item B<blendType:> I<string>
722
723Specify background blending type; option B<-blt>.
724
445=item B<fading:> I<number> 725=item B<blurRadius:> I<number>
446 726
447Scale the tint colour by the given percentage. 727Apply gaussian blur with the specified radius to the transparent
728background; option B<-blr>.
729
730=item B<iconFile:> I<file>
731
732Set the application icon pixmap; option B<-icon>.
448 733
449=item B<scrollColor:> I<colour> 734=item B<scrollColor:> I<colour>
450 735
451Use the specified colour for the scrollbar [default #B2B2B2]. 736Use the specified colour for the scrollbar [default #B2B2B2].
452 737
453=item B<troughColor:> I<colour> 738=item B<troughColor:> I<colour>
454 739
455Use the specified colour for the scrollbar's trough area [default 740Use the specified colour for the scrollbar's trough area [default
456#969696]. Only relevant for normal (non XTerm/NeXT) scrollbar. 741#969696]. Only relevant for rxvt (non XTerm/NeXT) scrollbar.
457 742
743=item B<borderColor:> I<colour>
744
745The colour of the border around the text area and between the scrollbar
746and the text.
747
458=item B<backgroundPixmap:> I<file[;geom]> 748=item B<backgroundPixmap:> I<file[;oplist]>
459 749
460Use the specified XPM file (note the `.xpm' extension is optional) for 750Use the specified image file for the background and also
461the background and also optionally specify its scaling with a geometry 751optionally specify a colon separated list of operations to modify it.
462string B<WxH+X+Y>, in which B<"W" / "H"> specify the 752Supported operations are:
463horizontal/vertical scale (percent) and B<"X" / "Y"> locate the image
464centre (percent). A scale of 0 displays the image with tiling. A scale
465of 1 displays the image without any scaling. A scale of 2 to 9
466specifies an integer number of images in that direction. No image will
467be magnified beyond 10 times its original size. The maximum permitted
468scale is 1000. [default 0x0+50+50]
469 753
470=item B<menu:> I<file[;tag]> 754=over 4
471 755
472Read in the specified menu file (note the `.menu' extension is 756=item B<WxH+X+Y>
473optional) and also optionally specify a starting tag to find. See the 757
474reference documentation for details on the syntax for the menuBar. 758sets scale and position. B<"W" / "H"> specify the horizontal/vertical
759scale (percent), and B<"X" / "Y"> locate the image centre (percent). A
760scale of 0 disables scaling. The maximum permitted scale is 1000.
761
762=item B<op=tile>
763
764enables tiling
765
766=item B<op=pscale>
767
768enables proportional scaling
769
770=item B<op=root>
771
772use the position of the terminal window relative to the root window as
773the image offset, simulating a root window background
774
775=back
776
777The default scale and position setting is C<100x100+50+50>.
778Alternatively, a predefined set of templates can be used to achieve
779the most common setups:
780
781=over 4
782
783=item B<style=tiled>
784
785the image is tiled with no scaling. Equivalent to 0x0+0+0:op=tile
786
787=item B<style=aspect-stretched>
788
789the image is scaled to fill the whole window maintaining the aspect
790ratio and centered. Equivalent to 100x100+50+50:op=pscale
791
792=item B<style=stretched>
793
794the image is scaled to fill the whole window. Equivalent to 100x100
795
796=item B<style=centered>
797
798the image is centered with no scaling. Equivalent to 0x0+50+50
799
800=item B<style=root-tiled>
801
802the image is tiled with no scaling and using 'root' positioning.
803Equivalent to 0x0:op=tile:op=root
804
805=back
806
807If multiple templates are specified the last one wins. Note that a
808template overrides all the scale, position and operations settings.
809
810If used in conjunction with B<-tr> option, the specified pixmap will be
811blended over the transparent background using alpha-blending. If I<afterimage>
812support has been compiled in it is possible to choose other blending
813types with B<-blt "type"> option.
475 814
476=item B<path:> I<path> 815=item B<path:> I<path>
477 816
478Specify the colon-delimited search path for finding files (XPM and 817Specify the colon-delimited search path for finding background image files.
479menus), in addition to the paths specified by the B<RXVTPATH> and
480B<PATH> environment variables.
481 818
482=item B<font:> I<fontname> 819=item B<font:> I<fontlist>
483 820
484Select the fonts to be used. This is a comma seperated list of font 821Select the fonts to be used. This is a comma separated list of font names
485names that are used in turn when trying to display Unicode characters. 822that are checked in order when trying to find glyphs for characters. The
486The first font defines the cell size for characters; other fonts might 823first font defines the cell size for characters; other fonts might be
487be smaller, but not larger. A reasonable default font list is always 824smaller, but not (in general) larger. A (hopefully) reasonable default
488appended to it. option B<-fn>. 825font list is always appended to it; option B<-fn>.
489 826
490=item B<realBold:> I<boolean> 827Each font can either be a standard X11 core font (XLFD) name, with
828optional prefix C<x:> or a Xft font (Compile I<xft>), prefixed with C<xft:>.
491 829
492B<True>: Enable "real bold" support. When this option is on, bold text 830In addition, each font can be prefixed with additional hints and
493will be displayed using the first available bold font in the font list. 831specifications enclosed in square brackets (C<[]>). The only available
494Bold fonts should thus be specified in the font list after their 832hint currently is C<codeset=codeset-name>, and this is only used for Xft
495corresponding regular fonts. If no bold font can be found, a regular 833fonts.
496font will be used. option B<-rb>. B<False>: Display bold text in a
497regular font, using the color specified with B<colorBD>; option B<+rb>.
498 834
499=item B<selectstyle:> I<mode> 835For example, this font resource
500 836
501Set mouse selection style to B<old> which is 2.20, B<oldword> which is 837 URxvt.font: 9x15bold,\
502xterm style with 2.20 old word selection, or anything else which gives 838 -misc-fixed-bold-r-normal--15-140-75-75-c-90-iso10646-1,\
503xterm style selection. 839 -misc-fixed-medium-r-normal--15-140-75-75-c-90-iso10646-1, \
840 [codeset=JISX0208]xft:Kochi Gothic:antialias=false, \
841 xft:Code2000:antialias=false
504 842
505=item B<scrollstyle:> I<mode> 843specifies five fonts to be used. The first one is C<9x15bold> (actually
844the iso8859-1 version of the second font), which is the base font (because
845it is named first) and thus defines the character cell grid to be 9 pixels
846wide and 15 pixels high.
506 847
507Set scrollbar style to B<rxvt>, B<plain>, B<next> or B<xterm>. B<plain> is 848The second font is just used to add additional unicode characters not in
508the author's favourite.. 849the base font, likewise the third, which is unfortunately non-bold, but
850the bold version of the font does contain fewer characters, so this is a
851useful supplement.
852
853The third font is an Xft font with aliasing turned off, and the characters
854are limited to the B<JIS 0208> codeset (i.e. japanese kanji). The font
855contains other characters, but we are not interested in them.
856
857The last font is a useful catch-all font that supplies most of the
858remaining unicode characters.
859
860=item B<boldFont:> I<fontlist>
861
862=item B<italicFont:> I<fontlist>
863
864=item B<boldItalicFont:> I<fontlist>
865
866The font list to use for displaying B<bold>, I<italic> or B<< I<bold
867italic> >> characters, respectively.
868
869If specified and non-empty, then the syntax is the same as for the
870B<font>-resource, and the given font list will be used as is, which makes
871it possible to substitute completely different font styles for bold and
872italic.
873
874If unset (the default), a suitable font list will be synthesized by
875"morphing" the normal text font list into the desired shape. If that is
876not possible, replacement fonts of the desired shape will be tried.
877
878If set, but empty, then this specific style is disabled and the normal
879text font will being used for the given style.
880
881=item B<intensityStyles:> I<boolean>
882
883When font styles are not enabled, or this option is enabled (B<True>,
884option B<-is>, the default), bold/blink font styles imply high
885intensity foreground/background colours. Disabling this option (B<False>,
886option B<+is>) disables this behaviour, the high intensity colours are not
887reachable.
509 888
510=item B<title:> I<string> 889=item B<title:> I<string>
511 890
512Set window title string, the default title is the command-line 891Set window title string, the default title is the command-line
513specified after the B<-e> option, if any, otherwise the application 892specified after the B<-e> option, if any, otherwise the application
522=item B<mapAlert:> I<boolean> 901=item B<mapAlert:> I<boolean>
523 902
524B<True>: de-iconify (map) on receipt of a bell character. B<False>: no 903B<True>: de-iconify (map) on receipt of a bell character. B<False>: no
525de-iconify (map) on receipt of a bell character [default]. 904de-iconify (map) on receipt of a bell character [default].
526 905
906=item B<urgentOnBell:> I<boolean>
907
908B<True>: set the urgency hint for the wm on receipt of a bell character.
909B<False>: do not set the urgency hint [default].
910
911@@RXVT_NAME@@ resets the urgency hint on every focus change.
912
527=item B<visualBell:> I<boolean> 913=item B<visualBell:> I<boolean>
528 914
529B<True>: use visual bell on receipt of a bell character; option B<-vb>. 915B<True>: use visual bell on receipt of a bell character; option B<-vb>.
530B<False>: no visual bell [default]; option B<+vb>. 916B<False>: no visual bell [default]; option B<+vb>.
531 917
545 931
546Specify a command pipe for vt100 printer [default I<lpr(1)>]. Use 932Specify a command pipe for vt100 printer [default I<lpr(1)>]. Use
547B<Print> to initiate a screen dump to the printer and B<Ctrl-Print> or 933B<Print> to initiate a screen dump to the printer and B<Ctrl-Print> or
548B<Shift-Print> to include the scrollback as well. 934B<Shift-Print> to include the scrollback as well.
549 935
936The string will be interpreted as if typed into the shell as-is.
937
938Example:
939
940 URxvt.print-pipe: cat > $(TMPDIR=$HOME mktemp urxvt.XXXXXX)
941
942This creates a new file in your home directory with the screen contents
943every time you hit C<Print>.
944
945=item B<scrollstyle:> I<mode>
946
947Set scrollbar style to B<rxvt>, B<plain>, B<next> or B<xterm>. B<plain> is
948the author's favourite.
949
950=item B<thickness:> I<number>
951
952Set the scrollbar width in pixels.
953
550=item B<scrollBar:> I<boolean> 954=item B<scrollBar:> I<boolean>
551 955
552B<True>: enable the scrollbar [default]; option B<-sb>. B<False>: 956B<True>: enable the scrollbar [default]; option B<-sb>. B<False>:
553disable the scrollbar; option B<+sb>. 957disable the scrollbar; option B<+sb>.
554 958
573B<False>: do not scroll to bottom when tty receives output; option 977B<False>: do not scroll to bottom when tty receives output; option
574B<+si>. 978B<+si>.
575 979
576=item B<scrollWithBuffer:> I<boolean> 980=item B<scrollWithBuffer:> I<boolean>
577 981
578B<True>: scroll with scrollback buffer when tty recieves new lines (and 982B<True>: scroll with scrollback buffer when tty receives new lines (i.e.
579B<scrollTtyOutput> is False); option B<+sw>. B<False>: do not scroll 983try to show the same lines) and B<scrollTtyOutput> is False; option
580with scrollback buffer when tty recieves new lines; option B<-sw>. 984B<-sw>. B<False>: do not scroll with scrollback buffer when tty receives
985new lines; option B<+sw>.
581 986
582=item B<scrollTtyKeypress:> I<boolean> 987=item B<scrollTtyKeypress:> I<boolean>
583 988
584B<True>: scroll to bottom when a non-special key is pressed. Special keys 989B<True>: scroll to bottom when a non-special key is pressed. Special keys
585are those which are intercepted by rxvt-unicode for special handling and 990are those which are intercepted by rxvt-unicode for special handling and
586are not passed onto the shell; option B<-sk>. B<False>: do not scroll to 991are not passed onto the shell; option B<-sk>. B<False>: do not scroll to
587bottom when a non-special key is pressed; option B<+sk>. 992bottom when a non-special key is pressed; option B<+sk>.
588 993
589=item B<smallfont_key:> I<keysym>
590
591If enabled, use B<@@HOTKEY@@->I<keysym> to toggle to a smaller font
592[default B<@@HOTKEY@@-@@SMALLFONT@@>]
593
594=item B<bigfont_key:> I<keysym>
595
596If enabled, use B<@@HOTKEY@@->I<keysym> to toggle to a bigger font
597[default B<@@HOTKEY@@-@@BIGFONT@@>]
598
599=item B<saveLines:> I<number> 994=item B<saveLines:> I<number>
600 995
601Save I<number> lines in the scrollback buffer [default 64]. This 996Save I<number> lines in the scrollback buffer [default 64]. This
602resource is limited on most machines to 65535; option B<-sl>. 997resource is limited on most machines to 65535; option B<-sl>.
603 998
614=item B<borderLess:> I<boolean> 1009=item B<borderLess:> I<boolean>
615 1010
616Set MWM hints to request a borderless window, i.e. if honoured by the 1011Set MWM hints to request a borderless window, i.e. if honoured by the
617WM, the rxvt-unicode window will not have window decorations; option B<-bl>. 1012WM, the rxvt-unicode window will not have window decorations; option B<-bl>.
618 1013
1014=item B<skipBuiltinGlyphs:> I<boolean>
1015
1016Compile I<frills>: Disable the usage of the built-in block graphics/line
1017drawing characters and just rely on what the specified fonts provide. Use
1018this if you have a good font and want to use its block graphic glyphs;
1019option B<-sbg>.
1020
619=item B<termName:> I<termname> 1021=item B<termName:> I<termname>
620 1022
621Specifies the terminal type name to be set in the B<TERM> environment 1023Specifies the terminal type name to be set in the B<TERM> environment
622variable; option B<-tn>. 1024variable; option B<-tn>.
623 1025
624=item B<linespace:> I<number> 1026=item B<lineSpace:> I<number>
625 1027
626Specifies number of lines (pixel height) to insert between each row of 1028Specifies number of lines (pixel height) to insert between each row of
627the display [default 0]; option B<-lsp>. 1029the display [default 0]; option B<-lsp>.
628 1030
629=item B<meta8:> I<boolean> 1031=item B<meta8:> I<boolean>
634=item B<mouseWheelScrollPage:> I<boolean> 1036=item B<mouseWheelScrollPage:> I<boolean>
635 1037
636B<True>: the mouse wheel scrolls a page full. B<False>: the mouse wheel 1038B<True>: the mouse wheel scrolls a page full. B<False>: the mouse wheel
637scrolls five lines [default]. 1039scrolls five lines [default].
638 1040
1041=item B<pastableTabs:> I<boolean>
1042
1043B<True>: store tabs as wide characters. B<False>: interpret tabs as cursor
1044movement only; option C<-ptab>.
1045
639=item B<cursorBlink:> I<boolean> 1046=item B<cursorBlink:> I<boolean>
640 1047
641B<True>: blink the cursor. B<False>: do not blink the cursor [default]; 1048B<True>: blink the cursor. B<False>: do not blink the cursor [default];
642option B<-bc>. 1049option B<-bc>.
1050
1051=item B<cursorUnderline:> I<boolean>
1052
1053B<True>: Make the cursor underlined. B<False>: Make the cursor a box [default];
1054option B<-uc>.
643 1055
644=item B<pointerBlank:> I<boolean> 1056=item B<pointerBlank:> I<boolean>
645 1057
646B<True>: blank the pointer when a key is pressed or after a set number 1058B<True>: blank the pointer when a key is pressed or after a set number
647of seconds of inactivity. B<False>: the pointer is always visible 1059of seconds of inactivity. B<False>: the pointer is always visible
655 1067
656Mouse pointer background colour. 1068Mouse pointer background colour.
657 1069
658=item B<pointerBlankDelay:> I<number> 1070=item B<pointerBlankDelay:> I<number>
659 1071
660Specifies number of seconds before blanking the pointer [default 2]. 1072Specifies number of seconds before blanking the pointer [default 2]. Use a
1073large number (e.g. C<987654321>) to effectively disable the timeout.
661 1074
662=item B<backspacekey:> I<string> 1075=item B<backspacekey:> I<string>
663 1076
664The string to send when the backspace key is pressed. If set to B<DEC> 1077The string to send when the backspace key is pressed. If set to B<DEC>
665or unset it will send B<Delete> (code 127) or, if shifted, B<Backspace> 1078or unset it will send B<Delete> (code 127) or, with control, B<Backspace>
666(code 8) - which can be reversed with the appropriate DEC private mode 1079(code 8) - which can be reversed with the appropriate DEC private mode
667escape sequence. 1080escape sequence.
668 1081
669=item B<deletekey:> I<string> 1082=item B<deletekey:> I<string>
670 1083
672pressed. If unset it will send the sequence traditionally associated 1085pressed. If unset it will send the sequence traditionally associated
673with the B<Execute> key. 1086with the B<Execute> key.
674 1087
675=item B<cutchars:> I<string> 1088=item B<cutchars:> I<string>
676 1089
677The characters used as delimiters for double-click word selection. The 1090The characters used as delimiters for double-click word selection
678built-in default: 1091(whitespace delimiting is added automatically if resource is given).
679 1092
1093When the perl selection extension is in use (the default if compiled
1094in, see the @@RXVT_NAME@@perl(3) manpage), a suitable regex using these
1095characters will be created (if the resource exists, otherwise, no regex
1096will be created). In this mode, characters outside ISO-8859-1 can be used.
1097
1098When the selection extension is not used, only ISO-8859-1 characters can
1099be used. If not specified, the built-in default is used:
1100
680B<< BACKSLASH `"'&()*,;<=>?@[]{|} >> 1101B<< BACKSLASH `"'&()*,;<=>?@[]^{|} >>
681 1102
682=item B<preeditType:> I<style> 1103=item B<preeditType:> I<style>
683 1104
684B<OverTheSpot>, B<OffTheSpot>, B<Root>; option B<-pt>. 1105B<OverTheSpot>, B<OffTheSpot>, B<Root>; option B<-pt>.
685 1106
687 1108
688I<name> of inputMethod to use; option B<-im>. 1109I<name> of inputMethod to use; option B<-im>.
689 1110
690=item B<imLocale:> I<name> 1111=item B<imLocale:> I<name>
691 1112
692The locale to use for opening the IM. You can use an LC_CTYPE of e.g. 1113The locale to use for opening the IM. You can use an C<LC_CTYPE> of e.g.
693de_DE.UTF-8 for normal text processing but ja_JP.EUC-JP for the input 1114C<de_DE.UTF-8> for normal text processing but C<ja_JP.EUC-JP> for the
694extension to be able to input japanese characters while staying in 1115input extension to be able to input japanese characters while staying in
695another locale. option B<-imlocale>. 1116another locale; option B<-imlocale>.
696 1117
697=item B<insecure> 1118=item B<imFont:> I<fontset>
1119
1120Specify the font-set used for XIM styles C<OverTheSpot> or
1121C<OffTheSpot>. It must be a standard X font set (XLFD patterns separated
1122by commas), i.e. it's not in the same format as the other font lists used
1123in @@RXVT_NAME@@. The default will be set-up to chose *any* suitable found
1124found, preferably one or two pixels differing in size to the base font.
1125option B<-imfont>.
1126
1127=item B<tripleclickwords:> I<boolean>
1128
1129Change the meaning of triple-click selection with the left mouse
1130button. Instead of selecting a full line it will extend the selection to
1131the end of the logical line only; option B<-tcw>.
1132
1133=item B<insecure:> I<boolean>
698 1134
699Enables "insecure" mode. Rxvt-unicode offers some escape sequences that 1135Enables "insecure" mode. Rxvt-unicode offers some escape sequences that
700echo arbitrary strings like the icon name or the locale. This could be 1136echo arbitrary strings like the icon name or the locale. This could be
701abused if somebody gets 8-bit-clean access to your display, wether 1137abused if somebody gets 8-bit-clean access to your display, whether
702throuh a mail client displaying mail bodies unfiltered or though 1138through a mail client displaying mail bodies unfiltered or through
703write(1). Therefore, these sequences are disabled by default. (Note 1139write(1) or any other means. Therefore, these sequences are disabled by
704that other terminals, including xterm, have these sequences 1140default. (Note that many other terminals, including xterm, have these
705enabled by default). You can enable them by setting this boolean 1141sequences enabled by default, which doesn't make it safer, though).
706resource or specifying B<-insecure> as an option. At the moment, this 1142
707enabled display-answer, locale, findfont, icon label and window title 1143You can enable them by setting this boolean resource or specifying
708requests as well as dynamic menubar dispatch. 1144B<-insecure> as an option. At the moment, this enables display-answer,
1145locale, findfont, icon label and window title requests.
709 1146
710=item B<modifier:> I<modifier> 1147=item B<modifier:> I<modifier>
711 1148
712Set the key to be interpreted as the Meta key to: B<alt>, B<meta>, 1149Set the key to be interpreted as the Meta key to: B<alt>, B<meta>,
713B<hyper>, B<super>, B<mod1>, B<mod2>, B<mod3>, B<mod4>, B<mod5>; option 1150B<hyper>, B<super>, B<mod1>, B<mod2>, B<mod3>, B<mod4>, B<mod5>; option
717 1154
718Specify the reply rxvt-unicode sends to the shell when an ENQ (control-E) 1155Specify the reply rxvt-unicode sends to the shell when an ENQ (control-E)
719character is passed through. It may contain escape values as described 1156character is passed through. It may contain escape values as described
720in the entry on B<keysym> following. 1157in the entry on B<keysym> following.
721 1158
722=item B<secondaryScreen:> I<bool> 1159=item B<secondaryScreen:> I<boolean>
723 1160
724Turn on/off secondary screen (default enabled). 1161Turn on/off secondary screen (default enabled).
725 1162
726=item B<secondaryScroll:> I<bool> 1163=item B<secondaryScroll:> I<boolean>
727 1164
728Turn on/off secondary screen scroll (default enabled). If the this 1165Turn on/off secondary screen scroll (default enabled). If this
729option is enabled, scrolls on the secondary screen will change the 1166option is enabled, scrolls on the secondary screen will change the
730scrollback buffer and switching to/from the secondary screen will 1167scrollback buffer and, when secondaryScreen is off, switching
731instead scroll the screen up. 1168to/from the secondary screen will instead scroll the screen up.
1169
1170=item B<hold>: I<boolean>
1171
1172Turn on/off hold window after exit support. If enabled, @@RXVT_NAME@@
1173will not immediately destroy its window when the program executed within
1174it exits. Instead, it will wait till it is being killed or closed by the
1175user.
1176
1177=item B<chdir>: I<path>
1178
1179Sets the working directory for the shell (or the command specified via
1180B<-e>). The I<path> must be an absolute path and it must exist for
1181@@RXVT_NAME@@ to start. If it isn't specified then the current working
1182directory will be used; option B<-cd>.
732 1183
733=item B<keysym.>I<sym>: I<string> 1184=item B<keysym.>I<sym>: I<string>
734 1185
735Associate I<string> with keysym I<sym> (B<0xFF00 - 0xFFFF>). It may 1186Compile I<frills>: Associate I<string> with keysym I<sym>. The
736contain escape values (\a: bell, \b: backspace, \e, \E: escape, \n:
737newline, \r: return, \t:
738tab, \000: octal number) or control characters (^?: delete, ^@: null,
739^A ...) and may enclosed with double quotes so that it can start or end
740with whitespace. The intervening resource name B<keysym.> cannot be 1187intervening resource name B<keysym.> cannot be omitted.
741omitted. This resource is only available when compiled with 1188
742KEYSYM_RESOURCE. 1189The format of I<sym> is "I<(modifiers-)key>", where I<modifiers> can be
1190any combination of B<ISOLevel3>, B<AppKeypad>, B<Control>, B<NumLock>,
1191B<Shift>, B<Meta>, B<Lock>, B<Mod1>, B<Mod2>, B<Mod3>, B<Mod4>, B<Mod5>,
1192and the abbreviated B<I>, B<K>, B<C>, B<N>, B<S>, B<M>, B<A>, B<L>, B<1>,
1193B<2>, B<3>, B<4>, B<5>.
1194
1195The B<NumLock>, B<Meta> and B<ISOLevel3> modifiers are usually aliased to
1196whatever modifier the NumLock key, Meta/Alt keys or ISO Level3 Shift/AltGr
1197keys are being mapped. B<AppKeypad> is a synthetic modifier mapped to the
1198current application keymap mode state.
1199
1200The spellings of I<key> can be obtained by using B<xev>(1) command or
1201searching keysym macros from B</usr/X11R6/include/X11/keysymdef.h> and
1202omitting the prefix B<XK_>. Alternatively you can specify I<key> by its hex
1203keysym value (B<0x0000 - 0xFFFF>). Note that the lookup of I<sym>s is not
1204performed in an exact manner; however, the closest match is assured.
1205
1206I<string> may contain escape values (C<\n>: newline, C<\000>: octal
1207number), see RESOURCES in C<man 7 X> for further details.
1208
1209You can define a range of keysyms in one shot by providing a I<string>
1210with pattern B<list/PREFIX/MIDDLE/SUFFIX>, where the delimiter `/'
1211should be a character not used by the strings.
1212
1213Its usage can be demonstrated by an example:
1214
1215 URxvt.keysym.M-C-0x61: list|\033<|abc|>
1216
1217The above line is equivalent to the following three lines:
1218
1219 URxvt.keysym.Meta-Control-0x61: \033<a>
1220 URxvt.keysym.Meta-Control-0x62: \033<b>
1221 URxvt.keysym.Meta-Control-0x63: \033<c>
1222
1223If I<string> takes the form of C<command:STRING>, the specified B<STRING>
1224is interpreted and executed as @@RXVT_NAME@@'s control sequence. For
1225example the following means "change the current locale to C<zh_CN.GBK>
1226when Control-Meta-c is being pressed":
1227
1228 URxvt.keysym.M-C-c: command:\033]701;zh_CN.GBK\007
1229
1230If I<string> takes the form C<perl:STRING>, then the specified B<STRING>
1231is passed to the C<on_user_command> perl handler. See the @@RXVT_NAME@@perl(3)
1232manpage. For example, the F<selection> extension (activated via
1233C<@@RXVT_NAME@@ -pe selection>) listens for C<selection:rot13> events:
1234
1235 URxvt.keysym.M-C-c: perl:selection:rot13
1236
1237Due the the large number of modifier combinations, a defined key mapping
1238will match if I<at least> the specified identifiers are being set, and
1239no other key mappings with those and more bits are being defined. That
1240means that defining a key map for C<a> will automatically provide
1241definitions for C<Meta-a>, C<Shift-a> and so on, unless some of those are defined
1242mappings themselves.
1243
1244Unfortunately, this will override built-in key mappings. For example
1245if you overwrite the C<Insert> key you will disable @@RXVT_NAME@@'s
1246C<Shift-Insert> mapping. To re-enable that, you can poke "holes" into the
1247user-defined keymap using the C<builtin:> replacement:
1248
1249 URxvt.keysym.Insert: <my insert key sequence>
1250 URxvt.keysym.S-Insert: builtin:
1251
1252The first line defines a mapping for C<Insert> and I<any> combination
1253of modifiers. The second line re-establishes the default mapping for
1254C<Shift-Insert>.
1255
1256The following example will map Control-Meta-1 and Control-Meta-2 to
1257the fonts C<suxuseuro> and C<9x15bold>, so you can have some limited
1258font-switching at runtime:
1259
1260 URxvt.keysym.M-C-1: command:\033]50;suxuseuro\007
1261 URxvt.keysym.M-C-2: command:\033]50;9x15bold\007
1262
1263Other things are possible, e.g. resizing (see @@RXVT_NAME@@(7) for more
1264info):
1265
1266 URxvt.keysym.M-C-3: command:\033[8;25;80t
1267 URxvt.keysym.M-C-4: command:\033[8;48;110t
1268
1269=item B<perl-ext-common>: I<string>
1270
1271=item B<perl-ext>: I<string>
1272
1273Comma-separated list(s) of perl extension scripts (default: C<default>) to
1274use in this terminal instance; option B<-pe>.
1275
1276Extension names can be prefixed with a C<-> sign to prohibit using
1277them. This can be useful to selectively disable some extensions loaded
1278by default, or specified via the C<perl-ext-common> resource. For
1279example, C<default,-selection> will use all the default extension except
1280C<selection>.
1281
1282Extension names can also be followed by an argument in angle brackets
1283(e.g. C<< searchable-scrollback<M-s> >>, which binds the hotkey for
1284searchable scrollback to Alt/Meta-s). Mentioning the same extension
1285multiple times with different arguments will pass multiple arguments to
1286the extension.
1287
1288Each extension is looked up in the library directories, loaded if
1289necessary, and bound to the current terminal instance.
1290
1291If both of these resources are the empty string, then the perl
1292interpreter will not be initialized. The idea behind two options is that
1293B<perl-ext-common> will be used for extensions that should be available to
1294all instances, while B<perl-ext> is used for specific instances.
1295
1296=item B<perl-eval>: I<string>
1297
1298Perl code to be evaluated when all extensions have been registered. See
1299the @@RXVT_NAME@@perl(3) manpage.
1300
1301=item B<perl-lib>: I<path>
1302
1303Colon-separated list of additional directories that hold extension
1304scripts. When looking for extensions specified by the C<perl> resource,
1305@@RXVT_NAME@@ will first look in these directories and then in
1306F<@@RXVT_LIBDIR@@/urxvt/perl/>.
1307
1308See the @@RXVT_NAME@@perl(3) manpage.
1309
1310=item B<< selection.pattern-I<idx> >>: I<perl-regex>
1311
1312Additional selection patterns, see the @@RXVT_NAME@@perl(3) manpage for
1313details.
1314
1315=item B<< selection-autotransform.I<idx> >>: I<perl-transform>
1316
1317Selection auto-transform patterns, see the @@RXVT_NAME@@perl(3) manpage
1318for details.
1319
1320=item B<searchable-scrollback:> I<keysym>
1321
1322Sets the hotkey that starts the incremental scrollback buffer search
1323(default: C<M-s>).
1324
1325=item B<urlLauncher>: I<string>
1326
1327Specifies the program to be started with a URL argument. Used by the
1328C<selection-popup> and C<matcher> perl extensions.
1329
1330=item B<transient-for>: I<windowid>
1331
1332Compile I<frills>: Sets the WM_TRANSIENT_FOR property to the given window id.
1333
1334=item B<override-redirect>: I<boolean>
1335
1336Compile I<frills>: Sets override-redirect for the terminal window, making
1337it almost invisible to window managers; option B<-override-redirect>.
1338
1339=item B<iso14755:> I<boolean>
1340
1341Turn on/off ISO 14755 (default enabled).
1342
1343=item B<iso14755_52:> I<boolean>
1344
1345Turn on/off ISO 14755 5.2 mode (default enabled).
743 1346
744=back 1347=back
745 1348
746=head1 THE SCROLLBAR 1349=head1 THE SCROLLBAR
747 1350
761the normal text selection/insertion, hold either the Shift or the Meta 1364the normal text selection/insertion, hold either the Shift or the Meta
762(Alt) key while performing the desired mouse action. 1365(Alt) key while performing the desired mouse action.
763 1366
764If mouse reporting mode is active, the normal scrollbar actions are 1367If mouse reporting mode is active, the normal scrollbar actions are
765disabled -- on the assumption that we are using a fullscreen 1368disabled -- on the assumption that we are using a fullscreen
766application. Instead, pressing Button1 and Button3 sends B<ESC[6~> 1369application. Instead, pressing Button1 and Button3 sends B<ESC [ 6 ~>
767(Next) and B<ESC[5~> (Prior), respectively. Similarly, clicking on the 1370(Next) and B<ESC [ 5 ~> (Prior), respectively. Similarly, clicking on the
768up and down arrows sends B<ESC[A> (Up) and B<ESC[B> (Down), 1371up and down arrows sends B<ESC [ A> (Up) and B<ESC [ B> (Down),
769respectively. 1372respectively.
770 1373
771=head1 TEXT SELECTION AND INSERTION 1374=head1 THE SELECTION: SELECTING AND PASTING TEXT
772 1375
773The behaviour of text selection and insertion mechanism is similar to 1376The behaviour of text selection and insertion/pasting mechanism is similar
774I<xterm>(1). 1377to I<xterm>(1).
775 1378
776=over 4 1379=over 4
777 1380
778=item B<Selection>: 1381=item B<Selecting>:
779 1382
780Left click at the beginning of the region, drag to the end of the 1383Left click at the beginning of the region, drag to the end of the region
781region and release; Right click to extend the marked region; Left 1384and release; Right click to extend the marked region; Left double-click
782double-click to select a word; Left triple-click to select the entire 1385to select a word; Left triple-click to select the entire logical line
783line. 1386(which can span multiple screen lines), unless modified by resource
1387B<tripleclickwords>.
784 1388
1389Starting a selection while pressing the B<Meta> key (or B<Meta+Ctrl> keys)
1390(Compile: I<frills>) will create a rectangular selection instead of a
1391normal one. In this mode, every selected row becomes its own line in the
1392selection, and trailing whitespace is visually underlined and removed from
1393the selection.
1394
785=item B<Insertion>: 1395=item B<Pasting>:
786 1396
787Pressing and releasing the Middle mouse button (or B<Shift-Insert>) in 1397Pressing and releasing the Middle mouse button in an B<@@RXVT_NAME@@>
788an B<@@RXVT_NAME@@> window causes the current text selection to be 1398window causes the value of the PRIMARY selection (or CLIPBOARD with the
789inserted as if it had been typed on the keyboard. 1399B<Meta> modifier) to be inserted as if it had been typed on the keyboard.
1400
1401Pressing B<Shift-Insert> causes the value of the PRIMARY selection to be
1402inserted too.
790 1403
791=back 1404=back
792 1405
793=head1 CHANGING FONTS 1406=head1 CHANGING FONTS
794 1407
795You can change fonts on-the-fly, which is to say cycle through the 1408Changing fonts (or font sizes, respectively) via the keypad is not yet
796default font and others of various sizes, by using B<Shift-KP_Add> and 1409supported in rxvt-unicode. Bug me if you need this.
797B<Shift-KP_Subtract>. Or, alternatively (if enabled) with 1410
798B<@@HOTKEY@@-@@BIGFONT@@> and B<@@HOTKEY@@-@@SMALLFONT@@>, where the 1411You can, however, switch fonts at runtime using escape sequences, e.g.:
799actual key can be selected using resources 1412
800B<smallfont_key>/B<bigfont_key>. 1413 printf '\e]710;%s\007' "9x15bold,xft:Kochi Gothic"
1414
1415You can use keyboard shortcuts, too:
1416
1417 URxvt.keysym.M-C-1: command:\033]710;suxuseuro\007\033]711;suxuseuro\007
1418 URxvt.keysym.M-C-2: command:\033]710;9x15bold\007\033]711;9x15bold\007
1419
1420rxvt-unicode will automatically re-apply these fonts to the output so far.
801 1421
802=head1 ISO 14755 SUPPORT 1422=head1 ISO 14755 SUPPORT
803 1423
804Partial ISO 14755-support is implemented. that means that pressing 1424ISO 14755 is a standard for entering and viewing unicode characters
1425and character codes using the keyboard. It consists of 4 parts. The
1426first part is available if rxvt-unicode has been compiled with
1427C<--enable-frills>, the rest is available when rxvt-unicode was compiled
1428with C<--enable-iso14755>.
805 1429
806Section 5.1: Control and Shift together enters unicode input 1430=over 4
807mode. Entering hex digits composes a Unicode character, pressing space or
808releasing the modifiers commits the keycode and every other key cancels
809the current input character.
810 1431
811Section 5.2: Pressing and immediately releasing Control and Shift together 1432=item * 5.1: Basic method
812enters keycap entry mode for the next key: pressing a function key (tab, 1433
813return etc..) will enter the unicode character corresponding to the given 1434This allows you to enter unicode characters using their hexcode.
814key. 1435
1436Start by pressing and holding both C<Control> and C<Shift>, then enter
1437hex-digits (between one and six). Releasing C<Control> and C<Shift> will
1438commit the character as if it were typed directly. While holding down
1439C<Control> and C<Shift> you can also enter multiple characters by pressing
1440C<Space>, which will commit the current character and lets you start a new
1441one.
1442
1443As an example of use, imagine a business card with a japanese e-mail
1444address, which you cannot type. Fortunately, the card has the e-mail
1445address printed as hexcodes, e.g. C<671d 65e5>. You can enter this easily
1446by pressing C<Control> and C<Shift>, followed by C<6-7-1-D-SPACE-6-5-E-5>,
1447followed by releasing the modifier keys.
1448
1449=item * 5.2: Keyboard symbols entry method
1450
1451This mode lets you input characters representing the keycap symbols of
1452your keyboard, if representable in the current locale encoding.
1453
1454Start by pressing C<Control> and C<Shift> together, then releasing
1455them. The next special key (cursor keys, home etc.) you enter will not
1456invoke its usual function but instead will insert the corresponding
1457keycap symbol. The symbol will only be entered when the key has been
1458released, otherwise pressing e.g. C<Shift> would enter the symbol for
1459C<ISO Level 2 Switch>, although your intention might have been to enter a
1460reverse tab (Shift-Tab).
1461
1462=item * 5.3: Screen-selection entry method
1463
1464While this is implemented already (it's basically the selection
1465mechanism), it could be extended by displaying a unicode character map.
1466
1467=item * 5.4: Feedback method for identifying displayed characters for later input
1468
1469This method lets you display the unicode character code associated with
1470characters already displayed.
1471
1472You enter this mode by holding down C<Control> and C<Shift> together, then
1473pressing and holding the left mouse button and moving around. The unicode
1474hex code(s) (it might be a combining character) of the character under the
1475pointer is displayed until you release C<Control> and C<Shift>.
1476
1477In addition to the hex codes it will display the font used to draw this
1478character - due to implementation reasons, characters combined with
1479combining characters, line drawing characters and unknown characters will
1480always be drawn using the built-in support font.
1481
1482=back
1483
1484With respect to conformance, rxvt-unicode is supposed to be compliant to
1485both scenario A and B of ISO 14755, including part 5.2.
815 1486
816=head1 LOGIN STAMP 1487=head1 LOGIN STAMP
817 1488
818B<@@RXVT_NAME@@> tries to write an entry into the I<utmp>(5) file so 1489B<@@RXVT_NAME@@> tries to write an entry into the I<utmp>(5) file so that
819that it can be seen via the I<who(1)> command, and can accept messages. 1490it can be seen via the I<who(1)> command, and can accept messages. To
820To allow this feature, B<@@RXVT_NAME@@> must be installed setuid root on 1491allow this feature, B<@@RXVT_NAME@@> may need to be installed setuid root
821some systems. 1492on some systems or setgid to root or to some other group on others.
822 1493
823=head1 COLORS AND GRAPHICS 1494=head1 COLOURS AND GRAPHICS
824 1495
825In addition to the default foreground and background colours, 1496In addition to the default foreground and background colours,
826B<@@RXVT_NAME@@> can display up to 16 colours (8 ANSI colours plus 1497B<@@RXVT_NAME@@> can display up to 88/256 colours: 8 ANSI colours plus
827high-intensity bold/blink versions of the same). Here is a list of the 1498high-intensity (potentially bold/blink) versions of the same, and 72 (or
828colours with their B<rgb.txt> names. 1499240 in 256 colour mode) colours arranged in an 4x4x4 (or 6x6x6) colour RGB
1500cube plus a 8 (24) colour greyscale ramp.
1501
1502Here is a list of the ANSI colours with their names.
829 1503
830=begin table 1504=begin table
831 1505
832 B<color0> (black) = Black 1506 B<color0> (black) = Black
833 B<color1> (red) = Red3 1507 B<color1> (red) = Red3
853It is also possible to specify the colour values of B<foreground>, 1527It is also possible to specify the colour values of B<foreground>,
854B<background>, B<cursorColor>, B<cursorColor2>, B<colorBD>, B<colorUL> as 1528B<background>, B<cursorColor>, B<cursorColor2>, B<colorBD>, B<colorUL> as
855a number 0-15, as a convenient shorthand to reference the colour name of 1529a number 0-15, as a convenient shorthand to reference the colour name of
856color0-color15. 1530color0-color15.
857 1531
1532The following text gives values for the standard 88 colour mode (and
1533values for the 256 colour mode in parentheses).
1534
1535The RGB cube uses indices 16..79 (16..231) using the following formulas:
1536
1537 index_88 = (r * 4 + g) * 4 + b + 16 # r, g, b = 0..3
1538 index_256 = (r * 16 + g) * 16 + b + 16 # r, g, b = 0..15
1539
1540The grayscale ramp uses indices 80..87 (232..239), from 10% to 90% in 10%
1541steps (1/26 to 25/26 in 1/26 steps) - black and white are already part of
1542the RGB cube.
1543
1544Together, all those colours implement the 88 (256) colour xterm
1545colours. Only the first 16 can be changed using resources currently, the
1546rest can only be changed via command sequences ("escape codes").
1547
1548Applications are advised to use terminfo or command sequences to discover
1549number and RGB values of all colours (yes, you can query this...).
1550
858Note that B<-rv> (B<"reverseVideo: True">) simulates reverse video by 1551Note that B<-rv> (B<"reverseVideo: True">) simulates reverse video by
859always swapping the foreground/background colours. This is in contrast to 1552always swapping the foreground/background colours. This is in contrast to
860I<xterm>(1) where the colours are only swapped if they have not otherwise 1553I<xterm>(1) where the colours are only swapped if they have not otherwise
861been specified. For example, 1554been specified. For example,
862 1555
1556 @@RXVT_NAME@@ -fg Black -bg White -rv
1557
1558would yield White on Black, while on I<xterm>(1) it would yield Black on
1559White.
1560
1561=head2 ALPHA CHANNEL SUPPORT
1562
1563If Xft support has been compiled in and as long as Xft/Xrender/X don't get
1564their act together, rxvt-unicode will do it's own alpha channel management:
1565
1566You can prefix any colour with an opaqueness percentage enclosed in
1567brackets, i.e. C<[percent]>, where C<percent> is a decimal percentage
1568(0-100) that specifies the opacity of the colour, where C<0> is completely
1569transparent and C<100> is completely opaque. For example, C<[50]red> is a
1570half-transparent red, while C<[95]#00ff00> is an almost opaque green. This
1571is the recommended format to specify transparency values, and works with
1572all ways to specify a colour.
1573
1574For complete control, rxvt-unicode also supports
1575C<rgba:rrrr/gggg/bbbb/aaaa> (exactly four hex digits/component) colour
1576specifications, where the additional C<aaaa> component specifies opacity
1577(alpha) values. The minimum value of C<0000> is completely transparent,
1578while C<ffff> is completely opaque). The two example colours from
1579earlier could also be specified as C<rgba:ff00/0000/0000/8000> and
1580C<rgba:0000/ff00/0000/f332>.
1581
1582You probably need to specify B<"-depth 32">, too, to force a visual with
1583alpha channels, and have the luck that your X-server uses ARGB pixel
1584layout, as X is far from just supporting ARGB visuals out of the box, and
1585rxvt-unicode just fudges around.
1586
1587For example, the following selects an almost completely transparent black
1588background, and an almost opaque pink foreground:
1589
1590 @@RXVT_NAME@@ -depth 32 -bg rgba:0000/0000/0000/4444 -fg "[80]pink"
1591
1592When not using a background image, then the interpretation of the
1593alpha channel is up to your compositing manager (most interpret it as
1594transparency of course).
1595
1596When using a background pixmap or pseudo-transparency, then the background
1597colour will always behave as if it were completely transparent (so the
1598background image shows instead), regardless of how it was specified, while
1599other colours will either be transparent as specified (the background
1600image will show through) on servers supporting the RENDER extension, or
1601fully opaque on servers not supporting the RENDER EXTENSION.
1602
1603Please note that due to bugs in Xft, specifying alpha values might result
1604in garbage being displayed when the X-server does not support the RENDER
1605extension.
1606
1607=head1 ENVIRONMENT
1608
1609B<@@RXVT_NAME@@> sets and/or uses the following environment variables:
1610
863=over 4 1611=over 4
864 1612
865=item B<@@RXVT_NAME@@ -fg Black -bg White -rv> 1613=item B<TERM>
866 1614
867would yield White on Black, while on I<xterm>(1) it would yield Black 1615Normally set to C<rxvt-unicode>, unless overwritten at configure time, via
868on White. 1616resources or on the command line.
1617
1618=item B<COLORTERM>
1619
1620Either C<rxvt>, C<rxvt-xpm>, depending on whether @@RXVT_NAME@@ was
1621compiled with background image support, and optionally with the added
1622extension C<-mono> to indicate that rxvt-unicode runs on a monochrome
1623screen.
1624
1625=item B<COLORFGBG>
1626
1627Set to a string of the form C<fg;bg> or C<fg;xpm;bg>, where C<fg> is
1628the colour code used as default foreground/text colour (or the string
1629C<default> to indicate that the default-colour escape sequence is to be
1630used), C<bg> is the colour code used as default background colour (or the
1631string C<default>), and C<xpm> is the string C<default> if @@RXVT_NAME@@
1632was compiled with background image support. Libraries like C<ncurses>
1633and C<slang> can (and do) use this information to optimize screen output.
1634
1635=item B<WINDOWID>
1636
1637Set to the (decimal) X Window ID of the @@RXVT_NAME@@ window (the toplevel
1638window, which usually has subwindows for the scrollbar, the terminal
1639window and so on).
1640
1641=item B<TERMINFO>
1642
1643Set to the terminfo directory iff @@RXVT_NAME@@ was configured with
1644C<--with-terminfo=PATH>.
1645
1646=item B<DISPLAY>
1647
1648Used by @@RXVT_NAME@@ to connect to the display and set to the correct
1649display in its child processes if C<-display> isn't used to override. It
1650defaults to C<:0> if it doesn't exist.
1651
1652=item B<SHELL>
1653
1654The shell to be used for command execution, defaults to C</bin/sh>.
1655
1656=item B<RXVT_SOCKET>
1657
1658The unix domain socket path used by @@RXVT_NAME@@c(1) and
1659@@RXVT_NAME@@d(1).
1660
1661Default F<<< $HOME/.rxvt-unicode-I<< <nodename> >> >>>.
1662
1663=item B<HOME>
1664
1665Used to locate the default directory for the unix domain socket for
1666daemon communications and to locate various resource files (such as
1667C<.Xdefaults>)
1668
1669=item B<XAPPLRESDIR>
1670
1671Directory where application-specific X resource files are located.
1672
1673=item B<XENVIRONMENT>
1674
1675If set and accessible, gives the name of a X resource file to be loaded by
1676@@RXVT_NAME@@.
869 1677
870=back 1678=back
871 1679
872=head1 FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS (FAQ) 1680=head1 FILES
873 1681
874=over 4 1682=over 4
875 1683
876=item How do I know which rxvt-unicode version I'm using? 1684=item B</usr/lib/X11/rgb.txt>
877 1685
878The version number is displayed with the usage (-h). For rxvt-unicode 1686Colour names.
879version 2.14 and later, the escape sequence C<ESC[8n> sets the window
880title to the version number.
881
882=item Why do the characters look ugly?
883
884=item How does rxvt-unicode choose fonts?
885
886Most fonts do not contain the full range of Unicode, which is
887fine. Chances are that the font you (or the admin/package maintainer of
888your system/os) have specified does not cover all the characters you want
889to display.
890
891B<rxvt-unicode> makes a best-effort try at finding a replacement
892font. Often the result is fine, but sometimes the chosen font looks
893bad. In that case, select a font of your taste and add it to the font
894list, e.g.:
895
896 @@RXVT_NAME@@ -fn basefont,font2,font3...
897
898When rxvt-unicode sees a character, it will first look at the base
899font. If the base font does not contain the character, it will go to the
900next font, and so on.
901
902The only limitation is that all the fonts must not be larger than the base
903font, as the base font defines the principial cell size, which must be the
904same due to the way terminals work.
905
906=item Why do some chinese characters look so different than others?
907
908This is because there is a difference between script and language --
909rxvt-unicode does not know which language the text that is output
910is, as it only knows the unicode character codes. If rxvt-unicode
911first sees a japanese character, it might choose a japanese font for
912it. Subseqzuent japanese characters will take that font. Now, many chinese
913characters aren't represented in japanese fonts, so when the first
914non-japanese character comes up, rxvt-unicode will look for a chinese font
915-- unfortunately at this point, it will still use the japanese font for
916japanese characters that are also chinese.
917
918The workaround is easy: just tag a chinese font at the end of your font
919list (see the previous question). The key is to view the font list as
920a preference list: If you expect more japanese, list a japanese font
921first. If you expect more chinese, put a chinese font first.
922
923In the future it might be possible to switch preferences at runtime (the
924internal data structure has no problem with using different fonts for
925the same character at the same time, but no interface for this has been
926designed yet).
927
928=item Mouse cut/paste suddenly no longer works.
929
930Make sure that mouse reporting is actually turned off since killing
931some editors prematurely may leave the mouse in mouse report mode. I've
932heard that tcsh may use mouse reporting unless it otherwise specified. A
933quick check is to see if cut/paste works when the Alt or Shift keys are
934depressed. See @@RXVT_NAME@@(7)
935
936=item What's with this bold/blink stuff?
937
938If no bold colour is set via C<colorBD:>, bold will invert text using the
939standard foreground colour.
940
941For the standard background colour, blinking will actually make the
942text blink when compiled with C<--enable-blinking>. with standard
943colours. Without C<--enable-blinking>, the blink attribute will be
944ignored.
945
946On ANSI colours, bold/blink attributes are used to set high-intensity
947foreground/background colors.
948
949color0-7 are the low-intensity colors.
950
951color8-15 are the corresponding high-intensity colors.
952
953=item I don't like the screen colors. How do I change them?
954
955You can change the screen colors at run-time using F<~/.Xdefaults>
956resources (or as long-options).
957
958Here are values that are supposed to resemble a VGA screen,
959including the murky brown that passes for low-intensity yellow:
960
961 Rxvt*color0: #000000
962 Rxvt*color1: #A80000
963 Rxvt*color2: #00A800
964 Rxvt*color3: #A8A800
965 Rxvt*color4: #0000A8
966 Rxvt*color5: #A800A8
967 Rxvt*color6: #00A8A8
968 Rxvt*color7: #A8A8A8
969
970 Rxvt*color8: #000054
971 Rxvt*color9: #FF0054
972 Rxvt*color10: #00FF54
973 Rxvt*color11: #FFFF54
974 Rxvt*color12: #0000FF
975 Rxvt*color13: #FF00FF
976 Rxvt*color14: #00FFFF
977 Rxvt*color15: #FFFFFF
978
979=item What's with the strange Backspace/Delete key behaviour?
980
981Assuming that the physical Backspace key corresponds to the
982BackSpace keysym (not likely for Linux ... see the following
983question) there are two standard values that can be used for
984Backspace: C<^H> and C<^?>.
985
986Historically, either value is correct, but rxvt-unicode adopts the debian
987policy of using C<^?> when unsure, because it's the one only only correct
988choice :).
989
990Rxvt-unicode tries to inherit the current stty settings and uses the value
991of `erase' to guess the value for backspace. If rxvt-unicode wasn't
992started from a terminal (say, from a menu or by remote shell), then the
993system value of `erase', which corresponds to CERASE in <termios.h>, will
994be used (which may not be the same as your stty setting).
995
996For starting a new rxvt-unicode:
997
998 # use Backspace = ^H
999 $ stty erase ^H
1000 $ @@RXVT_NAME@@
1001
1002 # use Backspace = ^?
1003 $ stty erase ^?
1004 $ @@RXVT_NAME@@
1005
1006Toggle with "ESC[36h" / "ESC[36l" as documented in @@RXVT_NAME@@(7).
1007
1008For an existing rxvt-unicode:
1009
1010 # use Backspace = ^H
1011 $ stty erase ^H
1012 $ echo -n "^[[36h"
1013
1014 # use Backspace = ^?
1015 $ stty erase ^?
1016 $ echo -n "^[[36l"
1017
1018This helps satisfy some of the Backspace discrepancies that occur, but
1019if you use Backspace = C<^H>, make sure that the termcap/terminfo value
1020properly reflects that.
1021
1022The Delete key is a another casualty of the ill-defined Backspace problem.
1023To avoid confusion between the Backspace and Delete keys, the Delete
1024key has been assigned an escape sequence to match the vt100 for Execute
1025(ESC[3~) and is in the supplied termcap/terminfo.
1026
1027Some other Backspace problems:
1028
1029some editors use termcap/terminfo,
1030some editors (vim I'm told) expect Backspace = ^H,
1031GNU Emacs (and Emacs-like editors) use ^H for help.
1032
1033Perhaps someday this will all be resolved in a consistent manner.
1034
1035=item I don't like the key-bindings. How do I change them?
1036
1037There are some compile-time selections available via configure. Unless
1038you have run "configure" with the C<--disable-resources> option you can
1039use the `keysym' resource to alter the keystrings associated with keysym
10400xFF00 - 0xFFFF (function, cursor keys, etc).
1041
1042Here's an example for a tn3270 session started using `@@RXVT_NAME@@ -name tn3270'
1043
1044 !# ----- special uses ------:
1045 ! tn3270 login, remap function and arrow keys.
1046 tn3270*font: *clean-bold-*-*--15-*
1047
1048 ! keysym - used by rxvt only
1049 ! Delete - ^D
1050 tn3270*keysym.0xFFFF: \004
1051
1052 ! Home - ^A
1053 tn3270*keysym.0xFF50: \001
1054 ! Left - ^B
1055 tn3270*keysym.0xFF51: \002
1056 ! Up - ^P
1057 tn3270*keysym.0xFF52: \020
1058 ! Right - ^F
1059 tn3270*keysym.0xFF53: \006
1060 ! Down - ^N
1061 tn3270*keysym.0xFF54: \016
1062 ! End - ^E
1063 tn3270*keysym.0xFF57: \005
1064
1065 ! F1 - F12
1066 tn3270*keysym.0xFFBE: \e1
1067 tn3270*keysym.0xFFBF: \e2
1068 tn3270*keysym.0xFFC0: \e3
1069 tn3270*keysym.0xFFC1: \e4
1070 tn3270*keysym.0xFFC2: \e5
1071 tn3270*keysym.0xFFC3: \e6
1072 tn3270*keysym.0xFFC4: \e7
1073 tn3270*keysym.0xFFC5: \e8
1074 tn3270*keysym.0xFFC6: \e9
1075 tn3270*keysym.0xFFC7: \e0
1076 tn3270*keysym.0xFFC8: \e-
1077 tn3270*keysym.0xFFC9: \e=
1078
1079 ! map Prior/Next to F7/F8
1080 tn3270*keysym.0xFF55: \e7
1081 tn3270*keysym.0xFF56: \e8
1082
1083=item I'm using keyboard model XXX that has extra Prior/Next/Insert keys.
1084How do I make use of them? For example, the Sun Keyboard type 4
1085has the following mappings that rxvt-unicode doesn't recognize.
1086
1087 KP_Insert == Insert
1088 F22 == Print
1089 F27 == Home
1090 F29 == Prior
1091 F33 == End
1092 F35 == Next
1093
1094Rather than have rxvt-unicode try to accomodate all the various possible keyboard
1095mappings, it is better to use `xmodmap' to remap the keys as required for
1096your particular machine.
1097
1098=item How do I distinguish if I'm running rxvt-unicode or a regular xterm?
1099I need this to decide about setting colors etc.
1100
1101rxvt and rxvt-unicode always export the variable "COLORTERM", so you can
1102check and see if that is set. Note that several programs, JED, slrn,
1103Midnight Commander automatically check this variable to decide whether or
1104not to use color.
1105
1106=item How do I set the correct, full IP address for the DISPLAY variable?
1107
1108If you've compiled rxvt-unicode with DISPLAY_IS_IP and ahve enabled
1109insecure mode then it is possible to use the following shell script
1110snippets to correctly set the display. If your version of rxvt-unicode
1111wasn't also compiled with ESCZ_ANSWER (as assumed in these snippets) then
1112the COLORTERM variable can be used to distinguish rxvt-unicode from a
1113regular xterm.
1114
1115Courtesy of Chuck Blake <cblake@BBN.COM> with the following shell script
1116snippets:
1117
1118 # Bourne/Korn/POSIX family of shells:
1119 [ ${TERM:-foo} = foo ] && TERM=xterm # assume an xterm if we don't know
1120 if [ ${TERM:-foo} = xterm ]; then
1121 stty -icanon -echo min 0 time 15 # see if enhanced rxvt or not
1122 echo -n '^[Z'
1123 read term_id
1124 stty icanon echo
1125 if [ ""${term_id} = '^[[?1;2C' -a ${DISPLAY:-foo} = foo ]; then
1126 echo -n '^[[7n' # query the rxvt we are in for the DISPLAY string
1127 read DISPLAY # set it in our local shell
1128 fi
1129 fi
1130
1131=item How do I compile the manual pages for myself?
1132
1133You need to have a recent version of perl installed as F</usr/bin/perl>,
1134one that comes with F<pod2man>, F<pod2text> and F<pod2html>. Then go to
1135the doc subdirectory and enter C<make alldoc>.
1136 1687
1137=back 1688=back
1138 1689
1139=head1 ENVIRONMENT 1690=head1 SEE ALSO
1140 1691
1141B<@@RXVT_NAME@@> sets the environment variables B<TERM>, B<COLORTERM> 1692@@RXVT_NAME@@(7), @@RXVT_NAME@@c(1), @@RXVT_NAME@@d(1), xterm(1), sh(1), resize(1), X(1), pty(4), tty(4), utmp(5)
1142and B<COLORFGBG>. The environment variable B<WINDOWID> is set to the X
1143window id number of the B<@@RXVT_NAME@@> window and it also uses and
1144sets the environment variable B<DISPLAY> to specify which display
1145terminal to use. B<@@RXVT_NAME@@> uses the environment variables
1146B<RXVTPATH> and B<PATH> to find XPM files.
1147 1693
1148=head1 FILES 1694=head1 CURRENT PROJECT COORDINATOR
1149 1695
1150=over 4 1696=over 4
1151 1697
1152=item B</etc/utmp> 1698=item Project Coordinator
1153 1699
1154System file for login records. 1700Marc A. Lehmann L<< <rxvt-unicode@schmorp.de> >>
1155 1701
1156=item B</usr/lib/X11/rgb.txt> 1702L<http://software.schmorp.de/pkg/rxvt-unicode.html>
1157
1158Color names.
1159 1703
1160=back 1704=back
1161 1705
1162=head1 SEE ALSO 1706=head1 AUTHORS
1163
1164@@RXVT_NAME@@(7), xterm(1), sh(1), resize(1), X(1), pty(4), tty(4), utmp(5)
1165
1166=head1 BUGS
1167
1168Check the BUGS file for an up-to-date list.
1169
1170Cursor change support is not yet implemented.
1171
1172Click-and-drag doesn't work with X11 mouse report overriding.
1173
1174=head1 CURRENT PROJECT COORDINATOR
1175 1707
1176=over 4 1708=over 4
1177 1709
1178=item Project Coordinator 1710=item John Bovey
1179 1711
1180@@RXVTMAINT@@ L<@@RXVT_MAINTEMAIL@@> 1712University of Kent, 1992, wrote the original Xvt.
1181 1713
1182=item Web page maintainter 1714=item Rob Nation L<< <nation@rocket.sanders.lockheed.com> >>
1183 1715
1184@@RXVTWEBMAINT@@ L<@@RXVT_WEBMAINTEMAIL@@> 1716very heavily modified Xvt and came up with Rxvt
1185 1717
1186L<@@RXVT_WEBPAGE@@> 1718=item Angelo Haritsis L<< <ah@doc.ic.ac.uk> >>
1719
1720wrote the Greek Keyboard Input (no longer in code)
1721
1722=item mj olesen L<< <olesen@me.QueensU.CA> >>
1723
1724Wrote the menu system.
1725
1726Project Coordinator (changes.txt 2.11 to 2.21)
1727
1728=item Oezguer Kesim L<< <kesim@math.fu-berlin.de> >>
1729
1730Project Coordinator (changes.txt 2.21a to 2.4.5)
1731
1732=item Geoff Wing L<< <gcw@pobox.com> >>
1733
1734Rewrote screen display and text selection routines.
1735
1736Project Coordinator (changes.txt 2.4.6 - rxvt-unicode)
1737
1738=item Marc Alexander Lehmann L<< <rxvt-unicode@schmorp.de> >>
1739
1740Forked rxvt-unicode, unicode support, rewrote almost all the code, perl
1741extension, random hacks, numerous bugfixes and extensions.
1742
1743Project Coordinator (Changes 1.0 -)
1744
1745=item Emanuele Giaquinta L<< <e.giaquinta@glauco.it> >>
1746
1747pty/utmp code rewrite, image code improvements, many random hacks and bugfixes.
1187 1748
1188=back 1749=back
1189 1750
1190=head1 AUTHORS
1191
1192=over 4
1193
1194=item John Bovey
1195
1196University of Kent, 1992, wrote the original Xvt.
1197
1198=item Rob Nation L<< <nation@rocket.sanders.lockheed.com> >>
1199
1200very heavily modified Xvt and came up with Rxvt
1201
1202=item Angelo Haritsis L<< <ah@doc.ic.ac.uk> >>
1203
1204wrote the Greek Keyboard Input (no longer in code)
1205
1206=item mj olesen L<< <olesen@me.QueensU.CA> >>
1207
1208Wrote the menu system.
1209
1210Project Coordinator (changes.txt 2.11 to 2.21)
1211
1212=item Oezguer Kesim L<< <kesim@math.fu-berlin.de> >>
1213
1214Project Coordinator (changes.txt 2.21a to 2.4.5)
1215
1216=item Geoff Wing L<< <gcw@pobox.com> >>
1217
1218Rewrote screen display and text selection routines. Project Coordinator
1219(changes.txt 2.4.6 - rxvt-unicode)
1220
1221=item Marc Alexander Lehmann L<< <rxvt@schmorp.de> >>
1222
1223Forked rxvt-unicode, rewrote most of the display code and internal
1224character handling to store text in unicode, improve xterm
1225compatibility and apply numerous other bugfixes and extensions.
1226
1227Project Coordinator (Changes 1.0 -)
1228
1229=back
1230

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