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… …
6 6
7B<@@RXVT_NAME@@> [options] [-e command [ args ]] 7B<@@RXVT_NAME@@> [options] [-e command [ args ]]
8 8
9=head1 DESCRIPTION 9=head1 DESCRIPTION
10 10
11B<rxvt-unicode>, version B<@@RXVTVERSION@@>, is a colour vt102 terminal 11B<rxvt-unicode>, version B<@@RXVT_VERSION@@>, is a colour vt102 terminal
12emulator intended as an I<xterm>(1) replacement for users who do not 12emulator intended as an I<xterm>(1) replacement for users who do not
13require features such as Tektronix 4014 emulation and toolkit-style 13require features such as Tektronix 4014 emulation and toolkit-style
14configurability. As a result, B<rxvt-unicode> uses much less swap space -- 14configurability. As a result, B<rxvt-unicode> uses much less swap space --
15a significant advantage on a machine serving many X sessions. 15a significant advantage on a machine serving many X sessions.
16 16
17See also @@RXVT_NAME@@(7) for technical reference documentation (escape 17=head1 RXVT-UNICODE VS. RXVT
18sequences etc.). 18
19Unlike the original rxvt, B<rxvt-unicode> stores all text in Unicode
20internally. That means it can store and display most scripts in the
21world. Being a terminal emulator, however, some things are very difficult,
22especially cursive scripts such as arabic, vertically written scripts
23like mongolian or scripts requiring extremely complex combining rules,
24like tibetan or devenagari. Don't expect pretty output when using these
25scripts. Most other scripts, latin, cyrillic, kanji, thai etc. should work
26fine, though. A somewhat difficult case are left-to-right scripts, such
27as hebrew: B<rxvt-unicode> adopts the view that bidirectional algorithms
28belong into the application, not the terminal emulator (too many things --
29such as cursor-movement while editing -- break othwerwise), but that might
30change.
31
32If you are looking for a terminal that supports more exotic scripts, let
33me recommend C<mlterm>, which is a very userfriendly, lean and clean
34terminal emulator. In fact, the reason rxvt-unicode was born was solely
35because the author couldn't get C<mlterm> to use one font for latin1 and
36another for japanese.
37
38Therefore another design rationale was the use of multiple fonts to
39display characters: The idea of a single unicode font which many other
40programs force onto it's users never made sense to me: You should be able
41to choose any font for any script freely.
42
43Apart from that, rxvt-unicode is also much better internationalised than
44it's predecessor, supports things such as XFT and ISO 14755 that are handy
45in i18n-environments, is faster, and has a lot less bugs than the original
46rxvt. This all in addition to dozens of other small improvements.
47
48It is still faithfully following the original rxvt idea of being lean
49and nice on resources: for example, you can still configure rxvt-unicode
50without most of it's features to get a lean binary. It also comes with
51a client/daemon pair that lets you open any number of terminal windows
52from within a single process, which makes startup time very fast and
53drastically reduces memory usage. See @@RXVT_NAME@@d(1) (daemon) and
54@@RXVT_NAME@@c(1) (client).
55
56It also makes technical information about escape sequences (which have
57been extended) easier accessible: see @@RXVT_NAME@@(7) for technical
58reference documentation (escape sequences etc.) and the FAQ section at the
59end of this document.
19 60
20=head1 OPTIONS 61=head1 OPTIONS
21 62
22The B<@@RXVT_NAME@@> options (mostly a subset of I<xterm>'s) are listed 63The B<@@RXVT_NAME@@> options (mostly a subset of I<xterm>'s) are listed
23below. In keeping with the smaller-is-better philosophy, options may be 64below. In keeping with the smaller-is-better philosophy, options may be
24eliminated or default values chosen at compile-time, so options and 65eliminated or default values chosen at compile-time, so options and
25defaults listed may not accurately reflect the version installed on 66defaults listed may not accurately reflect the version installed on
26your system. `rxvt -h' gives a list of major compile-time options on 67your system. `@@RXVT_NAME@@ -h' gives a list of major compile-time options on
27the I<Options> line. Option descriptions may be prefixed with which 68the I<Options> line. Option descriptions may be prefixed with which
28compile option each is dependent upon. e.g. `Compile I<XIM>:' requires 69compile option each is dependent upon. e.g. `Compile I<XIM>:' requires
29I<XIM> on the I<Options> line. Note: `rxvt -help' gives a list of all 70I<XIM> on the I<Options> line. Note: `@@RXVT_NAME@@ -help' gives a list of all
30command-line options compiled into your version. 71command-line options compiled into your version.
31 72
32Note that B<@@RXVT_NAME@@> permits the resource name to be used as a 73Note that B<@@RXVT_NAME@@> permits the resource name to be used as a
33long-option (--/++ option) so the potential command-line options are 74long-option (--/++ option) so the potential command-line options are
34far greater than those listed. For example: `rxvt --loginShell --color1 75far greater than those listed. For example: `@@RXVT_NAME@@ --loginShell --color1
35Orange'. 76Orange'.
36 77
37The following options are available: 78The following options are available:
38 79
39=over 4 80=over 4
… …
120names that are used in turn when trying to display Unicode characters. 161names that are used in turn when trying to display Unicode characters.
121The first font defines the cell size for characters; other fonts might 162The first font defines the cell size for characters; other fonts might
122be smaller, but not larger. A reasonable default font list is always 163be smaller, but not larger. A reasonable default font list is always
123appended to it. resource B<font>. 164appended to it. resource B<font>.
124 165
166See also the question "How does rxvt-unicode choose fonts?" in the FAQ
167section.
168
125=item B<-rb>|B<+rb> 169=item B<-rb>|B<+rb>
126 170
127Enable "real bold" support. When this option is on, bold text will be 171Enable "real bold" support. When this option is on, bold text will be
128displayed using the first available bold font in the font list. Bold 172displayed using the first available bold font in the font list. Bold
129fonts should thus be specified in the font list after their 173fonts should thus be specified in the font list after their
… …
205B<externalBorder>. 249B<externalBorder>.
206 250
207=item B<-bl> 251=item B<-bl>
208 252
209Compile I<frills>: Set MWM hints to request a borderless window, i.e. 253Compile I<frills>: Set MWM hints to request a borderless window, i.e.
210if honoured by the WM, the rxvt window will not have window 254if honoured by the WM, the rxvt-unicode window will not have window
211decorations; resource B<borderLess>. 255decorations; resource B<borderLess>.
212 256
213=item B<-lsp> I<number> 257=item B<-lsp> I<number>
214 258
215Compile I<linespace>: Lines (pixel height) to insert between each row 259Compile I<linespace>: Lines (pixel height) to insert between each row
… …
286Turn on/off secondary screen scroll (default enabled); resource 330Turn on/off secondary screen scroll (default enabled); resource
287B<secondaryScroll>. 331B<secondaryScroll>.
288 332
289=item B<-xrm> I<resourcestring> 333=item B<-xrm> I<resourcestring>
290 334
291No effect on rxvt. Simply passes through an argument to be made 335No effect on rxvt-unicode. Simply passes through an argument to be made
292available in the instance's argument list. Appears in I<WM_COMMAND> in 336available in the instance's argument list. Appears in I<WM_COMMAND> in
293some window managers. 337some window managers.
294 338
295=back 339=back
296 340
… …
465xterm style with 2.20 old word selection, or anything else which gives 509xterm style with 2.20 old word selection, or anything else which gives
466xterm style selection. 510xterm style selection.
467 511
468=item B<scrollstyle:> I<mode> 512=item B<scrollstyle:> I<mode>
469 513
470Set scrollbar style to B<@@RXVT_NAME@@>, B<rxvt>, B<plain>, B<next> or 514Set scrollbar style to B<rxvt>, B<plain>, B<next> or B<xterm>. B<plain> is
471B<xterm> 515the author's favourite..
472 516
473=item B<title:> I<string> 517=item B<title:> I<string>
474 518
475Set window title string, the default title is the command-line 519Set window title string, the default title is the command-line
476specified after the B<-e> option, if any, otherwise the application 520specified after the B<-e> option, if any, otherwise the application
… …
530Align the B<top>, B<bottom> or B<centre> [default] of the scrollbar 574Align the B<top>, B<bottom> or B<centre> [default] of the scrollbar
531thumb with the pointer on middle button press/drag. 575thumb with the pointer on middle button press/drag.
532 576
533=item B<scrollTtyOutput:> I<boolean> 577=item B<scrollTtyOutput:> I<boolean>
534 578
535B<True>: scroll to bottom when tty receives output; option B<+si>. 579B<True>: scroll to bottom when tty receives output; option B<-si>.
536B<False>: do not scroll to bottom when tty receives output; option 580B<False>: do not scroll to bottom when tty receives output; option
537B<-si>. 581B<+si>.
538 582
539=item B<scrollWithBuffer:> I<boolean> 583=item B<scrollWithBuffer:> I<boolean>
540 584
541B<True>: scroll with scrollback buffer when tty recieves new lines (and 585B<True>: scroll with scrollback buffer when tty recieves new lines (and
542B<scrollTtyOutput> is False); option B<+sw>. B<False>: do not scroll 586B<scrollTtyOutput> is False); option B<+sw>. B<False>: do not scroll
543with scrollback buffer when tty recieves new lines; option B<-sw>. 587with scrollback buffer when tty recieves new lines; option B<-sw>.
544 588
545=item B<scrollTtyKeypress:> I<boolean> 589=item B<scrollTtyKeypress:> I<boolean>
546 590
547B<True>: scroll to bottom when a non-special key is pressed. Special 591B<True>: scroll to bottom when a non-special key is pressed. Special keys
548keys are those which are intercepted by rxvt for special handling and 592are those which are intercepted by rxvt-unicode for special handling and
549are not passed onto the shell; option B<-sk>. B<False>: do not scroll 593are not passed onto the shell; option B<-sk>. B<False>: do not scroll to
550to bottom when a non-special key is pressed; option B<+sk>. 594bottom when a non-special key is pressed; option B<+sk>.
551
552=item B<smallfont_key:> I<keysym>
553
554If enabled, use B<@@HOTKEY@@->I<keysym> to toggle to a smaller font
555[default B<@@HOTKEY@@-@@SMALLFONT@@>]
556
557=item B<bigfont_key:> I<keysym>
558
559If enabled, use B<@@HOTKEY@@->I<keysym> to toggle to a bigger font
560[default B<@@HOTKEY@@-@@BIGFONT@@>]
561 595
562=item B<saveLines:> I<number> 596=item B<saveLines:> I<number>
563 597
564Save I<number> lines in the scrollback buffer [default 64]. This 598Save I<number> lines in the scrollback buffer [default 64]. This
565resource is limited on most machines to 65535; option B<-sl>. 599resource is limited on most machines to 65535; option B<-sl>.
… …
575option B<-w>, B<-bw>, B<-borderwidth>. 609option B<-w>, B<-bw>, B<-borderwidth>.
576 610
577=item B<borderLess:> I<boolean> 611=item B<borderLess:> I<boolean>
578 612
579Set MWM hints to request a borderless window, i.e. if honoured by the 613Set MWM hints to request a borderless window, i.e. if honoured by the
580WM, the rxvt window will not have window decorations; option B<-bl>. 614WM, the rxvt-unicode window will not have window decorations; option B<-bl>.
581 615
582=item B<termName:> I<termname> 616=item B<termName:> I<termname>
583 617
584Specifies the terminal type name to be set in the B<TERM> environment 618Specifies the terminal type name to be set in the B<TERM> environment
585variable; option B<-tn>. 619variable; option B<-tn>.
… …
676B<hyper>, B<super>, B<mod1>, B<mod2>, B<mod3>, B<mod4>, B<mod5>; option 710B<hyper>, B<super>, B<mod1>, B<mod2>, B<mod3>, B<mod4>, B<mod5>; option
677B<-mod>. 711B<-mod>.
678 712
679=item B<answerbackString:> I<string> 713=item B<answerbackString:> I<string>
680 714
681Specify the reply rxvt sends to the shell when an ENQ (control-E) 715Specify the reply rxvt-unicode sends to the shell when an ENQ (control-E)
682character is passed through. It may contain escape values as described 716character is passed through. It may contain escape values as described
683in the entry on B<keysym> following. 717in the entry on B<keysym> following.
684 718
685=item B<secondaryScreen:> I<bool> 719=item B<secondaryScreen:> I<bool>
686 720
… …
753 787
754=back 788=back
755 789
756=head1 CHANGING FONTS 790=head1 CHANGING FONTS
757 791
758You can change fonts on-the-fly, which is to say cycle through the 792Changing fonts (or font sizes, respectively) via the keypad is not yet
759default font and others of various sizes, by using B<Shift-KP_Add> and 793supported in rxvt-unicode. Bug me if you need this.
760B<Shift-KP_Subtract>. Or, alternatively (if enabled) with 794
761B<@@HOTKEY@@-@@BIGFONT@@> and B<@@HOTKEY@@-@@SMALLFONT@@>, where the 795You can, however, switch fonts at runtime using escape sequences (and
762actual key can be selected using resources 796therefore using the menubar), e.g.:
763B<smallfont_key>/B<bigfont_key>. 797
798 printf '\e]701;%s\007' "9x15bold,xft:Kochi Gothic"
799
800rxvt-unicode will automatically re-apply these fonts to the output so far.
764 801
765=head1 ISO 14755 SUPPORT 802=head1 ISO 14755 SUPPORT
766 803
767Partial ISO 14755-support is implemented. that means that pressing 804ISO 14755 is a standard for entering and viewing unicode characters
805and character codes using the keyboard. It consists of 4 parts. The
806first part is available rxvt-unicode has been compiled with
807C<--enable-frills>, the rest is available when rxvt-unicode was compiled
808with C<--enable-iso14755>.
768 809
769Section 5.1: Control and Shift together enters unicode input 810=over 4
770mode. Entering hex digits composes a Unicode character, pressing space or
771releasing the modifiers commits the keycode and every other key cancels
772the current input character.
773 811
774Section 5.2: Pressing and immediately releasing Control and Shift together 812=item 5.1: Basic method
775enters keycap entry mode for the next key: pressing a function key (tab, 813
776return etc..) will enter the unicode character corresponding to the given 814This allows you to enter unicode characters using their hexcode.
777key. 815
816Start by pressing and holding both C<Control> and C<Shift>, then enter
817hex-digits (between one and six). Releasing C<Control> and C<Shift> will
818commit the character as if it were typed directly. While holding down
819C<Control> and C<Shift> you can also enter multiple characters by pressing
820C<Space>, which will commit the current character and lets you start a new
821one.
822
823As an example of use, imagine a business card with a japanese e-mail
824address, which you cannot type. Fortunately, the card has the e-mail
825address printed as hexcodes, e.g. C<671d 65e5>. You can enter this easily
826by pressing C<Control> and C<Shift>, followed by C<6-7-1-D-SPACE-6-5-E-5>,
827followed by releasing the modifier keys.
828
829=item 5.2: Keyboard symbols entry method
830
831This mode lets you input characters representing the keycap symbols of
832your keyboard, if representable in the current locale encoding.
833
834Start by pressing C<Control> and C<Shift> together, then releasing
835them. The next special key (cursor keys, home etc.) you enter will not
836invoke it's usual function but instead will insert the corresponding
837keycap symbol. The symbol will only be entered when the key has been
838released, otherwise pressing e.g. C<Shift> would enter the symbol for
839C<ISO Level 2 Switch>, although your intention might have beenm to enter a
840reverse tab (Shift-Tab).
841
842=item 5.3: Screen-selection entry method
843
844While this is implemented already (it's basically the selection
845mechanism), it could be extended by displaying a unicode character map.
846
847=item 5.4: Feedback method for identifying displayed characters for later input
848
849This method lets you display the unicode character code associated with
850characters already displayed.
851
852You enter this mode by holding down C<Control> and C<Shift> together, then
853pressing and holding the left mouse button and moving around. The unicode
854hex code(s) (it might be a combining character) of the character under the
855pointer is displayed until you release C<Control> and C<Shift>.
856
857=back
858
859With respect to conformance, rxvt-unicode is supposed to be compliant to
860both scenario A and B of ISO 14755, including part 5.2.
778 861
779=head1 LOGIN STAMP 862=head1 LOGIN STAMP
780 863
781B<@@RXVT_NAME@@> tries to write an entry into the I<utmp>(5) file so 864B<@@RXVT_NAME@@> tries to write an entry into the I<utmp>(5) file so
782that it can be seen via the I<who(1)> command, and can accept messages. 865that it can be seen via the I<who(1)> command, and can accept messages.
… …
823I<xterm>(1) where the colours are only swapped if they have not otherwise 906I<xterm>(1) where the colours are only swapped if they have not otherwise
824been specified. For example, 907been specified. For example,
825 908
826=over 4 909=over 4
827 910
828=item B<rxvt -fg Black -bg White -rv> 911=item B<@@RXVT_NAME@@ -fg Black -bg White -rv>
829 912
830would yield White on Black, while on I<xterm>(1) it would yield Black 913would yield White on Black, while on I<xterm>(1) it would yield Black
831on White. 914on White.
915
916=back
917
918=head1 FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS (FAQ)
919
920=over 4
921
922=item How do I know which rxvt-unicode version I'm using?
923
924The version number is displayed with the usage (-h). For rxvt-unicode
925version 2.14 and later, the escape sequence C<ESC[8n> sets the window
926title to the version number.
927
928=item Rxvt-unicode does not seem to understand the selected encoding?
929
930=item Unicode does not seem to work?
931
932If you encounter strange problems like typing an accented character but
933getting two unrelated other characters or similar, or if program output is
934subtly garbled, then you should check your locale settings.
935
936Rxvt-unicode must be started with the same C<LC_CTYPE> setting as the
937programs. Often rxvt-unicode is started in the C<C> locale, while the
938login script running within the rxvt-unicode window changes the locale to
939sth. else, e.h. C<en_GB.UTF-8>. Needless to say, this is not going to work.
940
941The best thing is to fix your startup environment, as you will likely run
942into other problems. If nothing works you can try this in your .profile.
943
944 printf '\e]701;%s\007' "$LC_CTYPE"
945
946If this doesn't work, then maybe you use a C<LC_CTYPE> specification not
947supported on your systems. Some systems have a C<locale> comamnd which
948displays this. If it displays sth. like:
949
950 locale: Cannot set LC_CTYPE to default locale: ...
951
952Then the locale you specified is not supported on your system.
953
954If nothing works and you are sure that everything is set correctly then
955you will need to remember a little known fact: Some programs just don't
956support locales :(
957
958=item Why do the characters look ugly?
959
960=item How does rxvt-unicode choose fonts?
961
962Most fonts do not contain the full range of Unicode, which is
963fine. Chances are that the font you (or the admin/package maintainer of
964your system/os) have specified does not cover all the characters you want
965to display.
966
967B<rxvt-unicode> makes a best-effort try at finding a replacement
968font. Often the result is fine, but sometimes the chosen font looks
969bad. In that case, select a font of your taste and add it to the font
970list, e.g.:
971
972 @@RXVT_NAME@@ -fn basefont,font2,font3...
973
974When rxvt-unicode sees a character, it will first look at the base
975font. If the base font does not contain the character, it will go to the
976next font, and so on.
977
978The only limitation is that all the fonts must not be larger than the base
979font, as the base font defines the principial cell size, which must be the
980same due to the way terminals work.
981
982=item Why do some chinese characters look so different than others?
983
984This is because there is a difference between script and language --
985rxvt-unicode does not know which language the text that is output
986is, as it only knows the unicode character codes. If rxvt-unicode
987first sees a japanese character, it might choose a japanese font for
988it. Subseqzuent japanese characters will take that font. Now, many chinese
989characters aren't represented in japanese fonts, so when the first
990non-japanese character comes up, rxvt-unicode will look for a chinese font
991-- unfortunately at this point, it will still use the japanese font for
992japanese characters that are also chinese.
993
994The workaround is easy: just tag a chinese font at the end of your font
995list (see the previous question). The key is to view the font list as
996a preference list: If you expect more japanese, list a japanese font
997first. If you expect more chinese, put a chinese font first.
998
999In the future it might be possible to switch preferences at runtime (the
1000internal data structure has no problem with using different fonts for
1001the same character at the same time, but no interface for this has been
1002designed yet).
1003
1004=item How does rxvt-unicode determine the encoding to use?
1005
1006=item Is there an option to switch encodings?
1007
1008Unlike some other terminals, rxvt-unicode has no encoding switch, and no
1009specific "utf-8" mode, such as xterm. In fact, it doesn't even know about
1010UTF-8 or any other encodings with respect to terminal I/O.
1011
1012The reasons is that there exists a perfectly fine mechanism for selecting
1013the encoding, doing I/O and (most important) communicating this to all
1014applications so everybody agrees on character properties such as width and
1015code number. This mechanism is the I<locale>.
1016
1017Rxvt-unicode uses the C<LC_CTYPE> locale category to select encoding. All
1018programs doing the same (that is, most) will automatically agree in the
1019interpretation of characters.
1020
1021Unfortunately, there is no system-independent way to select locales, nor
1022is there a standard on how locale specifiers will look like.
1023
1024On most systems, the content of the C<LC_CTYPE> environment variable
1025contains an arbitrary string which corresponds to an already-installed
1026locale. Common names for locales are C<en_US.UTF-8>, C<de_DE.ISO-8859-15>,
1027C<ja_JP.EUC-JP>, i.e. C<language_country.encoding>, but other forms
1028(i.e. C<de> or C<german>) are also common.
1029
1030Rxvt-unicode ignores all other locale categories, and except for
1031the encoding, ignores country or language-specific settings,
1032i.e. C<de_DE.UTF-8> and C<ja_JP.UTF-8> are the same for rxvt-unicode.
1033
1034If you want to use a specific encoding you have to make sure you start
1035rxvt-unicode with the correct C<LC_CTYPE> category.
1036
1037=item Can I switch locales at runtime?
1038
1039Yes, using an escape sequence. Try sth. like this, which sets
1040rxvt-unicode's idea of C<LC_CTYPE>.
1041
1042 printf '\e]701;%s\007' ja_JP.SJIS
1043
1044See also the previous question.
1045
1046Sometimes this capability is rather handy when you want to work in one
1047locale (e.g. C<de_DE.UTF-8>) but some programs don't support UTF-8. For
1048example, I use this script to start C<xjdic>, which first switches to a
1049locale supported by xjdic and back later:
1050
1051 printf '\e]701;%s\007' ja_JP.SJIS
1052 xjdic -js
1053 printf '\e]701;%s\007' de_DE.UTF-8
1054
1055=item Can I switch the fonts at runtime?
1056
1057Yes, using an escape sequence. Try sth. like this, which has the same
1058effect as using the C<-fn> switch, and takes effect immediately:
1059
1060 printf '\e]50;%s\007' "9x15bold,xft:Kochi Gothic"
1061
1062This is useful if you e.g. work primarily with japanese (and prefer a
1063japanese font), but you have to switch to chinese temporarily, where
1064japanese fonts would only be in your way.
1065
1066You can think of this as a kind of manual ISO-2022 switching.
1067
1068=item Mouse cut/paste suddenly no longer works.
1069
1070Make sure that mouse reporting is actually turned off since killing
1071some editors prematurely may leave the mouse in mouse report mode. I've
1072heard that tcsh may use mouse reporting unless it otherwise specified. A
1073quick check is to see if cut/paste works when the Alt or Shift keys are
1074depressed. See @@RXVT_NAME@@(7)
1075
1076=item What's with this bold/blink stuff?
1077
1078If no bold colour is set via C<colorBD:>, bold will invert text using the
1079standard foreground colour.
1080
1081For the standard background colour, blinking will actually make the
1082text blink when compiled with C<--enable-blinking>. with standard
1083colours. Without C<--enable-blinking>, the blink attribute will be
1084ignored.
1085
1086On ANSI colours, bold/blink attributes are used to set high-intensity
1087foreground/background colors.
1088
1089color0-7 are the low-intensity colors.
1090
1091color8-15 are the corresponding high-intensity colors.
1092
1093=item I don't like the screen colors. How do I change them?
1094
1095You can change the screen colors at run-time using F<~/.Xdefaults>
1096resources (or as long-options).
1097
1098Here are values that are supposed to resemble a VGA screen,
1099including the murky brown that passes for low-intensity yellow:
1100
1101 Rxvt*color0: #000000
1102 Rxvt*color1: #A80000
1103 Rxvt*color2: #00A800
1104 Rxvt*color3: #A8A800
1105 Rxvt*color4: #0000A8
1106 Rxvt*color5: #A800A8
1107 Rxvt*color6: #00A8A8
1108 Rxvt*color7: #A8A8A8
1109
1110 Rxvt*color8: #000054
1111 Rxvt*color9: #FF0054
1112 Rxvt*color10: #00FF54
1113 Rxvt*color11: #FFFF54
1114 Rxvt*color12: #0000FF
1115 Rxvt*color13: #FF00FF
1116 Rxvt*color14: #00FFFF
1117 Rxvt*color15: #FFFFFF
1118
1119=item What's with the strange Backspace/Delete key behaviour?
1120
1121Assuming that the physical Backspace key corresponds to the
1122BackSpace keysym (not likely for Linux ... see the following
1123question) there are two standard values that can be used for
1124Backspace: C<^H> and C<^?>.
1125
1126Historically, either value is correct, but rxvt-unicode adopts the debian
1127policy of using C<^?> when unsure, because it's the one only only correct
1128choice :).
1129
1130Rxvt-unicode tries to inherit the current stty settings and uses the value
1131of `erase' to guess the value for backspace. If rxvt-unicode wasn't
1132started from a terminal (say, from a menu or by remote shell), then the
1133system value of `erase', which corresponds to CERASE in <termios.h>, will
1134be used (which may not be the same as your stty setting).
1135
1136For starting a new rxvt-unicode:
1137
1138 # use Backspace = ^H
1139 $ stty erase ^H
1140 $ @@RXVT_NAME@@
1141
1142 # use Backspace = ^?
1143 $ stty erase ^?
1144 $ @@RXVT_NAME@@
1145
1146Toggle with "ESC[36h" / "ESC[36l" as documented in @@RXVT_NAME@@(7).
1147
1148For an existing rxvt-unicode:
1149
1150 # use Backspace = ^H
1151 $ stty erase ^H
1152 $ echo -n "^[[36h"
1153
1154 # use Backspace = ^?
1155 $ stty erase ^?
1156 $ echo -n "^[[36l"
1157
1158This helps satisfy some of the Backspace discrepancies that occur, but
1159if you use Backspace = C<^H>, make sure that the termcap/terminfo value
1160properly reflects that.
1161
1162The Delete key is a another casualty of the ill-defined Backspace problem.
1163To avoid confusion between the Backspace and Delete keys, the Delete
1164key has been assigned an escape sequence to match the vt100 for Execute
1165(ESC[3~) and is in the supplied termcap/terminfo.
1166
1167Some other Backspace problems:
1168
1169some editors use termcap/terminfo,
1170some editors (vim I'm told) expect Backspace = ^H,
1171GNU Emacs (and Emacs-like editors) use ^H for help.
1172
1173Perhaps someday this will all be resolved in a consistent manner.
1174
1175=item I don't like the key-bindings. How do I change them?
1176
1177There are some compile-time selections available via configure. Unless
1178you have run "configure" with the C<--disable-resources> option you can
1179use the `keysym' resource to alter the keystrings associated with keysym
11800xFF00 - 0xFFFF (function, cursor keys, etc).
1181
1182Here's an example for a tn3270 session started using `@@RXVT_NAME@@ -name tn3270'
1183
1184 !# ----- special uses ------:
1185 ! tn3270 login, remap function and arrow keys.
1186 tn3270*font: *clean-bold-*-*--15-*
1187
1188 ! keysym - used by rxvt only
1189 ! Delete - ^D
1190 tn3270*keysym.0xFFFF: \004
1191
1192 ! Home - ^A
1193 tn3270*keysym.0xFF50: \001
1194 ! Left - ^B
1195 tn3270*keysym.0xFF51: \002
1196 ! Up - ^P
1197 tn3270*keysym.0xFF52: \020
1198 ! Right - ^F
1199 tn3270*keysym.0xFF53: \006
1200 ! Down - ^N
1201 tn3270*keysym.0xFF54: \016
1202 ! End - ^E
1203 tn3270*keysym.0xFF57: \005
1204
1205 ! F1 - F12
1206 tn3270*keysym.0xFFBE: \e1
1207 tn3270*keysym.0xFFBF: \e2
1208 tn3270*keysym.0xFFC0: \e3
1209 tn3270*keysym.0xFFC1: \e4
1210 tn3270*keysym.0xFFC2: \e5
1211 tn3270*keysym.0xFFC3: \e6
1212 tn3270*keysym.0xFFC4: \e7
1213 tn3270*keysym.0xFFC5: \e8
1214 tn3270*keysym.0xFFC6: \e9
1215 tn3270*keysym.0xFFC7: \e0
1216 tn3270*keysym.0xFFC8: \e-
1217 tn3270*keysym.0xFFC9: \e=
1218
1219 ! map Prior/Next to F7/F8
1220 tn3270*keysym.0xFF55: \e7
1221 tn3270*keysym.0xFF56: \e8
1222
1223=item I'm using keyboard model XXX that has extra Prior/Next/Insert keys.
1224How do I make use of them? For example, the Sun Keyboard type 4
1225has the following mappings that rxvt-unicode doesn't recognize.
1226
1227 KP_Insert == Insert
1228 F22 == Print
1229 F27 == Home
1230 F29 == Prior
1231 F33 == End
1232 F35 == Next
1233
1234Rather than have rxvt-unicode try to accomodate all the various possible keyboard
1235mappings, it is better to use `xmodmap' to remap the keys as required for
1236your particular machine.
1237
1238=item How do I distinguish if I'm running rxvt-unicode or a regular xterm?
1239I need this to decide about setting colors etc.
1240
1241rxvt and rxvt-unicode always export the variable "COLORTERM", so you can
1242check and see if that is set. Note that several programs, JED, slrn,
1243Midnight Commander automatically check this variable to decide whether or
1244not to use color.
1245
1246=item How do I set the correct, full IP address for the DISPLAY variable?
1247
1248If you've compiled rxvt-unicode with DISPLAY_IS_IP and ahve enabled
1249insecure mode then it is possible to use the following shell script
1250snippets to correctly set the display. If your version of rxvt-unicode
1251wasn't also compiled with ESCZ_ANSWER (as assumed in these snippets) then
1252the COLORTERM variable can be used to distinguish rxvt-unicode from a
1253regular xterm.
1254
1255Courtesy of Chuck Blake <cblake@BBN.COM> with the following shell script
1256snippets:
1257
1258 # Bourne/Korn/POSIX family of shells:
1259 [ ${TERM:-foo} = foo ] && TERM=xterm # assume an xterm if we don't know
1260 if [ ${TERM:-foo} = xterm ]; then
1261 stty -icanon -echo min 0 time 15 # see if enhanced rxvt or not
1262 echo -n '^[Z'
1263 read term_id
1264 stty icanon echo
1265 if [ ""${term_id} = '^[[?1;2C' -a ${DISPLAY:-foo} = foo ]; then
1266 echo -n '^[[7n' # query the rxvt we are in for the DISPLAY string
1267 read DISPLAY # set it in our local shell
1268 fi
1269 fi
1270
1271=item How do I compile the manual pages for myself?
1272
1273You need to have a recent version of perl installed as F</usr/bin/perl>,
1274one that comes with F<pod2man>, F<pod2text> and F<pod2html>. Then go to
1275the doc subdirectory and enter C<make alldoc>.
832 1276
833=back 1277=back
834 1278
835=head1 ENVIRONMENT 1279=head1 ENVIRONMENT
836 1280
… …
853 1297
854Color names. 1298Color names.
855 1299
856=back 1300=back
857 1301
858=head1 SEEALSO 1302=head1 SEE ALSO
859 1303
860I<xterm>(1), I<sh>(1), I<resize>(1), I<X>(1), I<pty>(4), I<tty>(4), I<utmp>(5) 1304@@RXVT_NAME@@(7), xterm(1), sh(1), resize(1), X(1), pty(4), tty(4), utmp(5)
861
862See rxvtRef.html rxvtRef.txt for detailed information on recognized escape sequences and menuBar syntax, etc.
863 1305
864=head1 BUGS 1306=head1 BUGS
865 1307
866Check the BUGS file for an up-to-date list. 1308Check the BUGS file for an up-to-date list.
867 1309
… …
873 1315
874=over 4 1316=over 4
875 1317
876=item Project Coordinator 1318=item Project Coordinator
877 1319
878@@RXVTMAINT@@ L<@@RXVT_MAINTEMAIL@@> 1320@@RXVT_MAINT@@ L<@@RXVT_MAINTEMAIL@@>
879 1321
880=item Web page maintainter 1322=item Web page maintainter
881 1323
882@@RXVTWEBMAINT@@ L<@@RXVT_WEBMAINTEMAIL@@> 1324@@RXVT_WEBMAINT@@ L<@@RXVT_WEBMAINTEMAIL@@>
883 1325
884L<@@RXVT_WEBPAGE@@> 1326L<@@RXVT_WEBPAGE@@>
885 1327
886=back 1328=back
887 1329

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