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Revision 1.22 by root, Tue Aug 24 15:46:27 2004 UTC vs.
Revision 1.144 by sasha, Thu Nov 15 18:40:10 2007 UTC

12emulator intended as an I<xterm>(1) replacement for users who do not 12emulator intended as an I<xterm>(1) replacement for users who do not
13require features such as Tektronix 4014 emulation and toolkit-style 13require features such as Tektronix 4014 emulation and toolkit-style
14configurability. As a result, B<rxvt-unicode> uses much less swap space -- 14configurability. As a result, B<rxvt-unicode> uses much less swap space --
15a significant advantage on a machine serving many X sessions. 15a significant advantage on a machine serving many X sessions.
16 16
17=head1 FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS
18
19See @@RXVT_NAME@@(7) (try C<man 7 @@RXVT_NAME@@>) for a list of
20frequently asked questions and answer to them and some common
21problems. That document is also accessible on the World-Wide-Web at
22L<http://cvs.schmorp.de/browse/rxvt-unicode/doc/rxvt.7.html>.
23
17=head1 RXVT-UNICODE VS. RXVT 24=head1 RXVT-UNICODE VS. RXVT
18 25
19Unlike the original rxvt, B<rxvt-unicode> stores all text in Unicode 26Unlike the original rxvt, B<rxvt-unicode> stores all text in Unicode
20internally. That means it can store and display most scripts in the 27internally. That means it can store and display most scripts in the
21world. Being a terminal emulator, however, some things are very difficult, 28world. Being a terminal emulator, however, some things are very difficult,
22especially cursive scripts such as arabic, vertically written scripts 29especially cursive scripts such as arabic, vertically written scripts
23like mongolian or scripts requiring extremely complex combining rules, 30like mongolian or scripts requiring extremely complex combining rules,
24like tibetan or devenagari. Don't expect pretty output when using these 31like tibetan or devanagari. Don't expect pretty output when using these
25scripts. Most other scripts, latin, cyrillic, kanji, thai etc. should work 32scripts. Most other scripts, latin, cyrillic, kanji, thai etc. should work
26fine, though. A somewhat difficult case are left-to-right scripts, such 33fine, though. A somewhat difficult case are right-to-left scripts, such
27as hebrew: B<rxvt-unicode> adopts the view that bidirectional algorithms 34as hebrew: B<rxvt-unicode> adopts the view that bidirectional algorithms
28belong into the application, not the terminal emulator (too many things -- 35belong into the application, not the terminal emulator (too many things --
29such as cursor-movement while editing -- break othwerwise), but that might 36such as cursor-movement while editing -- break otherwise), but that might
30change. 37change.
31 38
32If you are looking for a terminal that supports more exotic scripts, let 39If you are looking for a terminal that supports more exotic scripts, let
33me recommend C<mlterm>, which is a very userfriendly, lean and clean 40me recommend C<mlterm>, which is a very user friendly, lean and clean
34terminal emulator. In fact, the reason rxvt-unicode was born was solely 41terminal emulator. In fact, the reason rxvt-unicode was born was solely
35because the author couldn't get C<mlterm> to use one font for latin1 and 42because the author couldn't get C<mlterm> to use one font for latin1 and
36another for japanese. 43another for japanese.
37 44
38Therefore another design rationale was the use of multiple fonts to 45Therefore another design rationale was the use of multiple fonts to
39display characters: The idea of a single unicode font which many other 46display characters: The idea of a single unicode font which many other
40programs force onto it's users never made sense to me: You should be able 47programs force onto its users never made sense to me: You should be able
41to choose any font for any script freely. 48to choose any font for any script freely.
42 49
43Apart from that, rxvt-unicode is also much better internationalised than 50Apart from that, rxvt-unicode is also much better internationalised than
44it's predecessor, supports things such as XFT and ISO 14755 that are handy 51its predecessor, supports things such as XFT and ISO 14755 that are handy
45in i18n-environments, is faster, and has a lot less bugs than the original 52in i18n-environments, is faster, and has a lot bugs less than the original
46rxvt. This all in addition to dozens of other small improvements. 53rxvt. This all in addition to dozens of other small improvements.
47 54
48It is still faithfully following the original rxvt idea of being lean 55It is still faithfully following the original rxvt idea of being lean
49and nice on resources: for example, you can still configure rxvt-unicode 56and nice on resources: for example, you can still configure rxvt-unicode
50without most of it's features to get a lean binary. It also comes with 57without most of its features to get a lean binary. It also comes with
51a client/daemon pair that lets you open any number of terminal windows 58a client/daemon pair that lets you open any number of terminal windows
52from within a single process, which makes startup time very fast and 59from within a single process, which makes startup time very fast and
53drastically reduces memory usage. See @@RXVT_NAME@@d(1) (daemon) and 60drastically reduces memory usage. See @@RXVT_NAME@@d(1) (daemon) and
54@@RXVT_NAME@@c(1) (client). 61@@RXVT_NAME@@c(1) (client).
55 62
56It also makes technical information about escape sequences (which have 63It also makes technical information about escape sequences (which have
57been extended) easier accessible: see @@RXVT_NAME@@(7) for technical 64been extended) more accessible: see @@RXVT_NAME@@(7) for technical
58reference documentation (escape sequences etc.) and the FAQ section at the 65reference documentation (escape sequences etc.).
59end of this document.
60 66
61=head1 OPTIONS 67=head1 OPTIONS
62 68
63The B<@@RXVT_NAME@@> options (mostly a subset of I<xterm>'s) are listed 69The B<@@RXVT_NAME@@> options (mostly a subset of I<xterm>'s) are listed
64below. In keeping with the smaller-is-better philosophy, options may be 70below. In keeping with the smaller-is-better philosophy, options may be
87 93
88Attempt to open a window on the named X display (B<-d> still 94Attempt to open a window on the named X display (B<-d> still
89respected). In the absence of this option, the display specified by the 95respected). In the absence of this option, the display specified by the
90B<DISPLAY> environment variable is used. 96B<DISPLAY> environment variable is used.
91 97
98=item B<-depth> I<bitdepth>
99
100Compile I<xft>: Attempt to find a visual with the given bit depth;
101resource B<depth>.
102
92=item B<-geometry> I<geom> 103=item B<-geometry> I<geom>
93 104
94Window geometry (B<-g> still respected); resource B<geometry>. 105Window geometry (B<-g> still respected); resource B<geometry>.
95 106
96=item B<-rv>|B<+rv> 107=item B<-rv>|B<+rv>
97 108
98Turn on/off simulated reverse video; resource B<reverseVideo>. 109Turn on/off simulated reverse video; resource B<reverseVideo>.
99 110
100=item B<-j>|B<+j> 111=item B<-j>|B<+j>
101 112
102Turn on/off jump scrolling; resource B<jumpScroll>. 113Turn on/off jump scrolling (allow multiple lines per refresh); resource B<jumpScroll>.
103 114
104=item B<-ip>|B<+ip> 115=item B<-ss>|B<+ss>
105 116
106Turn on/off inheriting parent window's pixmap. Alternative form is 117Turn on/off skip scrolling (allow multiple screens per refresh); resource B<skipScroll>.
107B<-tr>; resource B<inheritPixmap>. 118
119=item B<-tr>|B<+tr>
120
121Turn on/off illusion of a transparent window background. Obsolete form of it is
122B<-ip> and it should not be used anymore; resource B<transparent>.
123
124I<Please note that old resource name of B<inheritPixmap> is obsolete and should be
125changed to B<transparent>. Backwards compatibility support for B<inheritPixmap> will
126be phased out in future versions of rxvt!>
127
128I<Please address all transparency related issues to Sasha Vasko at
129sasha@aftercode.net. Read the FAQ (man 7 @@RXVT_NAME@@)!>
108 130
109=item B<-fade> I<number> 131=item B<-fade> I<number>
110 132
111Fade the text by the given percentage when focus is lost. 133Fade the text by the given percentage when focus is lost. Small values
134fade a little only, 100 completely replaces all colours by the fade
135colour; resource B<fading>.
136
137=item B<-fadecolor> I<colour>
138
139Fade to this colour when fading is used (see B<-fade>). The default colour
140is opaque black. resource B<fadeColor>.
112 141
113=item B<-tint> I<colour> 142=item B<-tint> I<colour>
114 143
115Tint the transparent background pixmap with the given colour when 144Tint the transparent background pixmap with the given colour when
116transparency is enabled with B<-tr> or B<-ip>. See also the B<-sh> 145transparency is enabled with B<-tr>. This only works for
146non-tiled backgrounds, currently. See also the B<-sh> option that can be
117option that can be used to brighten or darken the image in addition to 147used to brighten or darken the image in addition to tinting it.
118tinting it. 148Please note that certain tint colours can be applied on the server-side,
149thus yielding performance gain of two orders of magnitude. These colours are:
150blue, red, green, cyan, magenta, yellow, and those close to them. Also
151pure black and pure white colors essentially mean no tinting; resource
152I<tintColor>. Example:
119 153
120=item B<-sh> 154 @@RXVT_NAME@@ -tr -tint blue -sh 40
121 155
156=item B<-sh> I<number>
157
122I<number> Darken (0 .. 100) or lighten (-1 .. -100) the transparent 158Darken (0 .. 100) or lighten (100 .. 200) the transparent
123background image in addition to tinting it (i.e. B<-tint> must be 159background image in addition to (or instead of) tinting it;
124specified, too). 160resource I<shading>.
161
162=item B<-blt> I<string>
163
164Specify background blending type. If background pixmap is specified
165at the same time as transparency - such pixmap will be blended over
166transparency image, using method specified. Supported values are :
167B<add>, B<alphablend>, B<allanon> - color values averaging, B<colorize>,
168B<darken>, B<diff>, B<dissipate>, B<hue>, B<lighten>, B<overlay>,
169B<saturate>, B<screen>, B<sub>, B<tint>, B<value>. The default is
170alpha-blending. Compile I<afterimage>; resource I<blendType>.
171
172=item B<-blr> I<HxV>
173
174Apply Gaussian Blur with the specified radii to the transparent
175background image. If single number is specified - both vertical and
176horizontal radii are considered to be the same. Setting one of the
177radii to 1 and another to a large number creates interesting effects
178on some backgrounds. Maximum radius value is 128. Compile I<afterimage>;
179resource I<blurRadius>.
125 180
126=item B<-bg> I<colour> 181=item B<-bg> I<colour>
127 182
128Window background colour; resource B<background>. 183Window background colour; resource B<background>.
129 184
130=item B<-fg> I<colour> 185=item B<-fg> I<colour>
131 186
132Window foreground colour; resource B<foreground>. 187Window foreground colour; resource B<foreground>.
133 188
134=item B<-pixmap> I<file[;geom]> 189=item B<-pixmap> I<file[;geom[:op1][:op2][...]]>
135 190
136Compile I<XPM>: Specify XPM file for the background and also optionally 191Compile I<afterimage>: Specify image file for the background and also
137specify its scaling with a geometry string. Note you may need to add 192optionally specify its scaling with a geometry string. Note you may need to
138quotes to avoid special shell interpretation of the `;' in the 193add quotes to avoid special shell interpretation of the C<;> in the
139command-line; resource B<backgroundPixmap>. 194command-line; for more details see resource B<backgroundPixmap>.
140 195
141=item B<-cr> I<colour> 196=item B<-cr> I<colour>
142 197
143The cursor colour; resource B<cursorColor>. 198The cursor colour; resource B<cursorColor>.
144 199
156resource B<borderColor>. 211resource B<borderColor>.
157 212
158=item B<-fn> I<fontlist> 213=item B<-fn> I<fontlist>
159 214
160Select the fonts to be used. This is a comma separated list of font names 215Select the fonts to be used. This is a comma separated list of font names
161that are used in turn when trying to display Unicode characters. The 216that are checked in order when trying to find glyphs for characters. The
162first font defines the cell size for characters; other fonts might be 217first font defines the cell size for characters; other fonts might be
163smaller, but not (in general) larger. A reasonable default font list is 218smaller, but not (in general) larger. A (hopefully) reasonable default
164always appended to it. See resource B<font> for details. 219font list is always appended to it. See resource B<font> for more details.
220
221In short, to specify an X11 core font, just specify its name or prefix it
222with C<x:>. To specify an XFT-font, you need to prefix it with C<xft:>,
223e.g.:
224
225 @@RXVT_NAME@@ -fn "xft:Bitstream Vera Sans Mono:pixelsize=15"
226 @@RXVT_NAME@@ -fn "9x15bold,xft:Bitstream Vera Sans Mono"
165 227
166See also the question "How does rxvt-unicode choose fonts?" in the FAQ 228See also the question "How does rxvt-unicode choose fonts?" in the FAQ
167section. 229section of @@RXVT_NAME@@(7).
168 230
169=item B<-fb> I<fontlist> 231=item B<-fb> I<fontlist>
170 232
171Compile font-styles: The bold font list to use when bold characters are to 233Compile I<font-styles>: The bold font list to use when B<bold> characters
172be printed. See resource B<boldFont> for details. 234are to be printed. See resource B<boldFont> for details.
173 235
174=item B<-fi> I<fontlist> 236=item B<-fi> I<fontlist>
175 237
176Compile font-styles: The italic font list to use when bold characters are to 238Compile I<font-styles>: The italic font list to use when I<italic>
177be printed. See resource B<italicFont> for details. 239characters are to be printed. See resource B<italicFont> for details.
178 240
179=item B<-fbi> I<fontlist> 241=item B<-fbi> I<fontlist>
180 242
181Compile font-styles: The bold italic font list to use when bold characters are to 243Compile I<font-styles>: The bold italic font list to use when B<< I<bold
182be printed. See resource B<boldItalicFont> for details. 244italic> >> characters are to be printed. See resource B<boldItalicFont>
245for details.
246
247=item B<-is>|B<+is>
248
249Compile I<font-styles>: Bold/Italic font styles imply high intensity
250foreground/background (default). See resource B<intensityStyles> for
251details.
183 252
184=item B<-name> I<name> 253=item B<-name> I<name>
185 254
186Specify the application name under which resources are to be obtained, 255Specify the application name under which resources are to be obtained,
187rather than the default executable file name. Name should not contain 256rather than the default executable file name. Name should not contain
225 294
226Put scrollbar on right/left; resource B<scrollBar_right>. 295Put scrollbar on right/left; resource B<scrollBar_right>.
227 296
228=item B<-st>|B<+st> 297=item B<-st>|B<+st>
229 298
230Display normal (non XTerm/NeXT) scrollbar without/with a trough; 299Display rxvt (non XTerm/NeXT) scrollbar without/with a trough;
231resource B<scrollBar_floating>. 300resource B<scrollBar_floating>.
301
302=item B<-ptab>|B<+ptab>
303
304If enabled (default), "Horizontal Tab" characters are being stored as
305actual wide characters in the screen buffer, which makes it possible to
306select and paste them. Since a horizontal tab is a cursor movement and
307not an actual glyph, this can sometimes be visually annoying as the cursor
308on a tab character is displayed as a wide cursor; resource B<pastableTabs>.
232 309
233=item B<-bc>|B<+bc> 310=item B<-bc>|B<+bc>
234 311
235Blink the cursor; resource B<cursorBlink>. 312Blink the cursor; resource B<cursorBlink>.
236 313
259 336
260Compile I<frills>: Set MWM hints to request a borderless window, i.e. 337Compile I<frills>: Set MWM hints to request a borderless window, i.e.
261if honoured by the WM, the rxvt-unicode window will not have window 338if honoured by the WM, the rxvt-unicode window will not have window
262decorations; resource B<borderLess>. 339decorations; resource B<borderLess>.
263 340
341=item B<-override-redirect>
342
343Compile I<frills>: Sets override-redirect on the window; resource
344B<override-redirect>.
345
346=item B<-sbg>
347
348Compile I<frills>: Disable the usage of the built-in block graphics/line
349drawing characters and just rely on what the specified fonts provide. Use
350this if you have a good font and want to use its block graphic glyphs;
351resource B<skipBuiltinGlyphs>.
352
264=item B<-lsp> I<number> 353=item B<-lsp> I<number>
265 354
266Compile I<linespace>: Lines (pixel height) to insert between each row 355Compile I<frills>: Lines (pixel height) to insert between each row of
267of the display; resource B<linespace>. 356the display. Useful to work around font rendering problems; resource
357B<lineSpace>.
268 358
269=item B<-tn> I<termname> 359=item B<-tn> I<termname>
270 360
271This option specifies the name of the terminal type to be set in the 361This option specifies the name of the terminal type to be set in the
272B<TERM> environment variable. This terminal type must exist in the 362B<TERM> environment variable. This terminal type must exist in the
281given on the command line. If this option is used, it must be the last 371given on the command line. If this option is used, it must be the last
282on the command-line. If there is no B<-e> option then the default is to 372on the command-line. If there is no B<-e> option then the default is to
283run the program specified by the B<SHELL> environment variable or, 373run the program specified by the B<SHELL> environment variable or,
284failing that, I<sh(1)>. 374failing that, I<sh(1)>.
285 375
376Please note that you must specify a program with arguments. If you want to
377run shell commands, you have to specify the shell, like this:
378
379 @@RXVT_NAME@@ -e sh -c "shell commands"
380
286=item B<-title> I<text> 381=item B<-title> I<text>
287 382
288Window title (B<-T> still respected); the default title is the basename 383Window title (B<-T> still respected); the default title is the basename
289of the program specified after the B<-e> option, if any, otherwise the 384of the program specified after the B<-e> option, if any, otherwise the
290application name; resource B<title>. 385application name; resource B<title>.
308 403
309Compile I<XIM>: input method name. resource B<inputMethod>. 404Compile I<XIM>: input method name. resource B<inputMethod>.
310 405
311=item B<-imlocale> I<string> 406=item B<-imlocale> I<string>
312 407
313The locale to use for opening the IM. You can use an LC_CTYPE of e.g. 408The locale to use for opening the IM. You can use an C<LC_CTYPE> of e.g.
314de_DE.UTF-8 for normal text processing but ja_JP.EUC-JP for the input 409C<de_DE.UTF-8> for normal text processing but C<ja_JP.EUC-JP> for the
315extension to be able to input japanese characters while staying in 410input extension to be able to input japanese characters while staying in
316another locale. 411another locale. resource B<imLocale>.
412
413=item B<-imfont> I<fontset>
414
415Set the font set to use for the X Input Method, see resource B<imFont>
416for more info.
417
418=item B<-tcw>
419
420Change the meaning of triple-click selection with the left mouse
421button. Only effective when the original (non-perl) selection code is
422in-use. Instead of selecting a full line it will extend the selection the
423end of the logical line only. resource B<tripleclickwords>.
317 424
318=item B<-insecure> 425=item B<-insecure>
319 426
320Enable "insecure" mode, which currently enables most of the escape 427Enable "insecure" mode, which currently enables most of the escape
321sequences that echo strings. See the resource B<insecure> for more 428sequences that echo strings. See the resource B<insecure> for more
335=item B<-ssr>|B<+ssr> 442=item B<-ssr>|B<+ssr>
336 443
337Turn on/off secondary screen scroll (default enabled); resource 444Turn on/off secondary screen scroll (default enabled); resource
338B<secondaryScroll>. 445B<secondaryScroll>.
339 446
447=item B<-hold>|B<+hold>
448
449Turn on/off hold window after exit support. If enabled, @@RXVT_NAME@@
450will not immediately destroy its window when the program executed within
451it exits. Instead, it will wait till it is being killed or closed by the
452user; resource B<hold>.
453
454=item B<-keysym.>I<sym> I<string>
455
456Remap a key symbol. See resource B<keysym>.
457
458=item B<-embed> I<windowid>
459
460Tells @@RXVT_NAME@@ to embed its windows into an already-existing window,
461which enables applications to easily embed a terminal.
462
463Right now, @@RXVT_NAME@@ will first unmap/map the specified window, so it
464shouldn't be a top-level window. @@RXVT_NAME@@ will also reconfigure it
465quite a bit, so don't expect it to keep some specific state. It's best to
466create an extra subwindow for @@RXVT_NAME@@ and leave it alone.
467
468The window will not be destroyed when @@RXVT_NAME@@ exits.
469
470It might be useful to know that @@RXVT_NAME@@ will not close file
471descriptors passed to it (except for stdin/out/err, of course), so you
472can use file descriptors to communicate with the programs within the
473terminal. This works regardless of whether the C<-embed> option was used or
474not.
475
476Here is a short Gtk2-perl snippet that illustrates how this option can be
477used (a longer example is in F<doc/embed>):
478
479 my $rxvt = new Gtk2::Socket;
480 $rxvt->signal_connect_after (realize => sub {
481 my $xid = $_[0]->window->get_xid;
482 system "@@RXVT_NAME@@ -embed $xid &";
483 });
484
485=item B<-pty-fd> I<file descriptor>
486
487Tells @@RXVT_NAME@@ NOT to execute any commands or create a new pty/tty
488pair but instead use the given file descriptor as the tty master. This is
489useful if you want to drive @@RXVT_NAME@@ as a generic terminal emulator
490without having to run a program within it.
491
492If this switch is given, @@RXVT_NAME@@ will not create any utmp/wtmp
493entries and will not tinker with pty/tty permissions - you have to do that
494yourself if you want that.
495
496As an extremely special case, specifying C<-1> will completely suppress
497pty/tty operations.
498
499Here is a example in perl that illustrates how this option can be used (a
500longer example is in F<doc/pty-fd>):
501
502 use IO::Pty;
503 use Fcntl;
504
505 my $pty = new IO::Pty;
506 fcntl $pty, F_SETFD, 0; # clear close-on-exec
507 system "@@RXVT_NAME@@ -pty-fd " . (fileno $pty) . "&";
508 close $pty;
509
510 # now communicate with rxvt
511 my $slave = $pty->slave;
512 while (<$slave>) { print $slave "got <$_>\n" }
513
340=item B<-xrm> I<resourcestring> 514=item B<-pe> I<string>
341 515
342No effect on rxvt-unicode. Simply passes through an argument to be made 516Comma-separated list of perl extension scripts to use (or not to use) in
343available in the instance's argument list. Appears in I<WM_COMMAND> in 517this terminal instance. See resource B<perl-ext> for details.
344some window managers.
345 518
346=back 519=back
347 520
348=head1 RESOURCES (available also as long-options) 521=head1 RESOURCES (available also as long-options)
349 522
350Note: `@@RXVT_NAME@@ --help' gives a list of all resources (long 523Note: `@@RXVT_NAME@@ --help' gives a list of all resources (long
351options) compiled into your version. 524options) compiled into your version.
352 525
353There are two different methods that @@RXVT_NAME@@ can use to get the 526You can set and change the resources using X11 tools like B<xrdb>. Many
354Xresource data: using the X libraries (Xrm*-functions) or internal 527distribution do also load settings from the B<~/.Xresources> file when X
355Xresources reader (B<~/.Xdefaults>). For the first method (ie. 528starts. @@RXVT_NAME@@ will consult the following files/resources in order,
356B<@@RXVT_NAME@@ -h> lists B<XGetDefaults>), you can set and change the 529with later settings overwriting earlier ones:
357resources using X11 tools like B<xset>. Many distribution do also load
358settings from the B<~/.Xresources> file when X starts.
359 530
360If compiled with internal Xresources support (i.e. B<@@RXVT_NAME@@ -h> 531 1. system-wide app-defaults file, either locale-dependent OR global
361lists B<.Xdefaults>) then B<@@RXVT_NAME@@> accepts application defaults 532 2. app-defaults file in $XAPPLRESDIR
362set in XAPPLOADDIR/URxvt (compile-time defined: usually 533 3. RESOURCE_MANAGER property on root-window OR $HOME/.Xdefaults
363B</usr/lib/X11/app-defaults/URxvt>) and resources set in 534 4. SCREEN_RESOURCES for the current screen
364B<~/.Xdefaults>, or B<~/.Xresources> if B<~/.Xdefaults> does not exist. 535 5. $XENVIRONMENT file OR $HOME/.Xdefaults-<nodename>
536
365Note that when reading X resources, B<@@RXVT_NAME@@> recognizes two 537Note that when reading X resources, B<@@RXVT_NAME@@> recognizes two class
366class names: B<XTerm> and B<URxvt>. The class name B<Rxvt> allows 538names: B<Rxvt> and B<URxvt>. The class name B<Rxvt> allows resources
367resources common to both B<@@RXVT_NAME@@> and the original I<rxvt> to be 539common to both B<@@RXVT_NAME@@> and the original I<rxvt> to be easily
368easily configured, while the class name B<URxvt> allows resources 540configured, while the class name B<URxvt> allows resources unique to
369unique to B<@@RXVT_NAME@@>, notably colours and key-handling, to be 541B<@@RXVT_NAME@@>, to be shared between different B<@@RXVT_NAME@@>
370shared between different B<@@RXVT_NAME@@> configurations. If no 542configurations. If no resources are specified, suitable defaults will
371resources are specified, suitable defaults will be used. Command-line 543be used. Command-line arguments can be used to override resource
372arguments can be used to override resource settings. The following 544settings. The following resources are supported (you might want to
373resources are allowed: 545check the @@RXVT_NAME@@perl(3) manpage for additional settings by perl
546extensions not documented here):
374 547
375=over 4 548=over 4
549
550=item B<depth:> I<bitdepth>
551
552Compile I<xft>: Attempt to find a visual with the given bit depth;
553option B<-depth>.
376 554
377=item B<geometry:> I<geom> 555=item B<geometry:> I<geom>
378 556
379Create the window with the specified X window geometry [default 80x24]; 557Create the window with the specified X window geometry [default 80x24];
380option B<-geometry>. 558option B<-geometry>.
408 586
409=item B<colorIT:> I<colour> 587=item B<colorIT:> I<colour>
410 588
411Use the specified colour to display bold or italic characters when the 589Use the specified colour to display bold or italic characters when the
412foreground colour is the default. If font styles are not available 590foreground colour is the default. If font styles are not available
413(Compile styles) and this option is unset, reverse video is used instead. 591(Compile I<styles>) and this option is unset, reverse video is used instead.
414 592
415=item B<colorUL:> I<colour> 593=item B<colorUL:> I<colour>
416 594
417Use the specified colour to display underlined characters when the 595Use the specified colour to display underlined characters when the
418foreground colour is the default. 596foreground colour is the default.
419 597
420=item B<colorRV:> I<colour> 598=item B<colorRV:> I<colour>
421 599
422Use the specified colour as the background for reverse video 600Use the specified colour as the background for reverse video characters
423characters. 601when OPTION_HC is disabled (--disable-frills).
602
603=item B<underlineColor:> I<colour>
604
605If set, use the specified colour as the colour for the underline
606itself. If unset, use the foreground colour.
424 607
425=item B<cursorColor:> I<colour> 608=item B<cursorColor:> I<colour>
426 609
427Use the specified colour for the cursor. The default is to use the 610Use the specified colour for the cursor. The default is to use the
428foreground colour; option B<-cr>. 611foreground colour; option B<-cr>.
439option B<-rv>. B<False>: regular screen colours [default]; option 622option B<-rv>. B<False>: regular screen colours [default]; option
440B<+rv>. See note in B<COLORS AND GRAPHICS> section. 623B<+rv>. See note in B<COLORS AND GRAPHICS> section.
441 624
442=item B<jumpScroll:> I<boolean> 625=item B<jumpScroll:> I<boolean>
443 626
444B<True>: specify that jump scrolling should be used. When scrolling 627B<True>: specify that jump scrolling should be used. When receiving lots
445quickly, fewer screen updates are performed [default]; option B<-j>. 628of lines, @@RXVT_NAME@@ will only scroll once a whole screen height of lines
629has been read, resulting in fewer updates while still displaying every
630received line; option B<-j>.
631
446B<False>: specify that smooth scrolling should be used; option B<+j>. 632B<False>: specify that smooth scrolling should be used. @@RXVT_NAME@@ will
633force a screen refresh on each new line it received; option B<+j>.
634
635=item B<skipScroll:> I<boolean>
636
637B<True>: (the default) specify that skip scrolling should be used. When
638receiving lots of lines, @@RXVT_NAME@@ will only scroll once in a while
639(around 60 times per second), resulting in far fewer updates. This can
640result in @@RXVT_NAME@@ not ever displaying some of the lines it receives;
641option B<-ss>.
642
643B<False>: specify that everything is to be displayed, even
644if the refresh is too fast for the human eye to read anything (or the
645monitor to display anything); option B<+ss>.
447 646
448=item B<inheritPixmap:> I<boolean> 647=item B<inheritPixmap:> I<boolean>
449 648
450B<True>: make the background inherit the parent windows' pixmap, giving 649B<True>: make the background inherit the parent windows' pixmap, giving
451artificial transparency. B<False>: do not inherit the parent windows' 650artificial transparency. B<False>: do not inherit the parent windows'
452pixmap. 651pixmap.
453 652
653I<Please note that transparency of any kind if completely unsupported by
654the author. Don't bug him with installation questions!>
655
454=item B<fading:> I<number> 656=item B<fading:> I<number>
455 657
456Fade the text by the given percentage when focus is lost. 658Fade the text by the given percentage when focus is lost; option B<-fade>.
659
660=item B<fadeColor:> I<colour>
661
662Fade to this colour, when fading is used (see B<fading:>). The default
663colour is black; option B<-fadecolor>.
457 664
458=item B<tintColor:> I<colour> 665=item B<tintColor:> I<colour>
459 666
460Tint the transparent background pixmap with the given colour. 667Tint the transparent background pixmap with the given colour; option
668B<-tint>.
461 669
462=item B<shading:> I<number> 670=item B<shading:> I<number>
463 671
464Darken (0 .. 100) or lighten (-1 .. -100) the transparent background 672Darken (0 .. 100) or lighten (-1 .. -100) the transparent background image
465image in addition to tinting it. 673in addition to tinting it; option B<-sh>.
466 674
675=item B<blendType:> I<string>
676
677Specify background blending type; option B<-blt>.
678
467=item B<fading:> I<number> 679=item B<blurRadius:> I<number>
468 680
469Scale the tint colour by the given percentage. 681Apply Gaussian Blurr with the specified radius to the transparent
682background image; option B<-blr>.
470 683
471=item B<scrollColor:> I<colour> 684=item B<scrollColor:> I<colour>
472 685
473Use the specified colour for the scrollbar [default #B2B2B2]. 686Use the specified colour for the scrollbar [default #B2B2B2].
474 687
475=item B<troughColor:> I<colour> 688=item B<troughColor:> I<colour>
476 689
477Use the specified colour for the scrollbar's trough area [default 690Use the specified colour for the scrollbar's trough area [default
478#969696]. Only relevant for normal (non XTerm/NeXT) scrollbar. 691#969696]. Only relevant for rxvt (non XTerm/NeXT) scrollbar.
479 692
480=item B<borderColor:> I<colour> 693=item B<borderColor:> I<colour>
481 694
482The colour of the border around the text area and between the scrollbar 695The colour of the border around the text area and between the scrollbar
483and the text. 696and the text.
484 697
485=item B<backgroundPixmap:> I<file[;geom]> 698=item B<backgroundPixmap:> I<file[;geom[:op1][:op2][...]]>
486 699
487Use the specified XPM file (note the `.xpm' extension is optional) for 700Use the specified image file for the background and also optionally
488the background and also optionally specify its scaling with a geometry 701specify its scaling with a geometry string B<WxH+X+Y>,
489string B<WxH+X+Y>, in which B<"W" / "H"> specify the 702in which B<"W" / "H"> specify the horizontal/vertical scale (percent),
490horizontal/vertical scale (percent) and B<"X" / "Y"> locate the image 703and B<"X" / "Y"> locate the image centre (percent).
491centre (percent). A scale of 0 displays the image with tiling. A scale 704A scale of 0 displays the image with tiling. A scale of 1 displays the
492of 1 displays the image without any scaling. A scale of 2 to 9 705image without any scaling. A scale of 2 to 9 specifies an integer
493specifies an integer number of images in that direction. No image will 706number of images in that direction. No image will be magnified beyond
494be magnified beyond 10 times its original size. The maximum permitted 70710 times its original size. The maximum permitted scale is 1000.
495scale is 1000. [default 0x0+50+50] 708Additional operations can be specified after colon B<:op1:op2...>.
709Supported operations are:
710 B<"tile"> - force background image to be tiled and not scaled. Equivalent to 0x0,
711 B<"propscale"> - will scale image keeping proportions,
712 B<"auto"> - will scale image to match window size. Equivalent to 100x100;
713 B<"hscale"> - will scale image horizontally to the window size;
714 B<"vscale"> - will scale image vertically to the window size;
715 B<"scale"> - will scale image to match window size;
716 B<"root"> - will tile image as if it was a root window background, auto-adjusting
717 whenever terminal window moves.
496 718
497=item B<menu:> I<file[;tag]> 719If used in conjunction with B<-tr> option - specified pixmap will be
498 720blended over transparency image using either alpha-blending, or any
499Read in the specified menu file (note the `.menu' extension is 721other blending type, specified with B<-blt "type"> option.
500optional) and also optionally specify a starting tag to find. See the 722[default 0x0+50+50]
501reference documentation for details on the syntax for the menuBar.
502 723
503=item B<path:> I<path> 724=item B<path:> I<path>
504 725
505Specify the colon-delimited search path for finding files (XPM and 726Specify the colon-delimited search path for finding background image files.
506menus), in addition to the paths specified by the B<RXVTPATH> and
507B<PATH> environment variables.
508 727
509=item B<font:> I<fontlist> 728=item B<font:> I<fontlist>
510 729
511Select the fonts to be used. This is a comma separated list of font 730Select the fonts to be used. This is a comma separated list of font names
512names that are used in turn when trying to display Unicode characters. 731that are checked in order when trying to find glyphs for characters. The
513The first font defines the cell size for characters; other fonts might 732first font defines the cell size for characters; other fonts might be
514be smaller, but not larger. A reasonable default font list is always 733smaller, but not (in general) larger. A (hopefully) reasonable default
515appended to it. option B<-fn>. 734font list is always appended to it; option B<-fn>.
516 735
517Each font can either be a standard X11 core font (XLFD) name, with 736Each font can either be a standard X11 core font (XLFD) name, with
518optional prefix C<x:> or a Xft font (Compile xft), prefixed with C<xft:>. 737optional prefix C<x:> or a Xft font (Compile I<xft>), prefixed with C<xft:>.
519 738
520In addition, each font can be prefixed with additional hints and 739In addition, each font can be prefixed with additional hints and
521specifications enclosed in square brackets (C<[]>). The only available 740specifications enclosed in square brackets (C<[]>). The only available
522hint currently is C<codeset=codeset-name>, and this is only used for Xft 741hint currently is C<codeset=codeset-name>, and this is only used for Xft
523fonts. 742fonts.
524 743
525For example, this font resource 744For example, this font resource
526 745
527 URxvt*font: 9x15bold,\ 746 URxvt.font: 9x15bold,\
528 -misc-fixed-bold-r-normal--15-140-75-75-c-90-iso10646-1,\ 747 -misc-fixed-bold-r-normal--15-140-75-75-c-90-iso10646-1,\
529 -misc-fixed-medium-r-normal--15-140-75-75-c-90-iso10646-1, \ 748 -misc-fixed-medium-r-normal--15-140-75-75-c-90-iso10646-1, \
530 [codeset=JISX0208]xft:Kochi Gothic:antialias=false, \ 749 [codeset=JISX0208]xft:Kochi Gothic:antialias=false, \
531 xft:Code2000:antialias=false 750 xft:Code2000:antialias=false
532 751
533specifies five fonts to be used. The first one is C<9x15bold> (actually 752specifies five fonts to be used. The first one is C<9x15bold> (actually
534the iso8859-1 version of the second font), which is the base font (because 753the iso8859-1 version of the second font), which is the base font (because
535it is named first) and thus defines the character cell grid to be 9 pixels 754it is named first) and thus defines the character cell grid to be 9 pixels
536wide and 15 pixels high. 755wide and 15 pixels high.
537 756
538the second font is just used to add additional unicode characters not in 757The second font is just used to add additional unicode characters not in
539the base font, likewise the third, which is unfortunately non-bold, but 758the base font, likewise the third, which is unfortunately non-bold, but
540the bold version of the font does contain less characters, so this is a 759the bold version of the font does contain less characters, so this is a
541useful supplement. 760useful supplement.
542 761
543The third font is an Xft font with aliasing turned off, and the characters 762The third font is an Xft font with aliasing turned off, and the characters
566not possible, replacement fonts of the desired shape will be tried. 785not possible, replacement fonts of the desired shape will be tried.
567 786
568If set, but empty, then this specific style is disabled and the normal 787If set, but empty, then this specific style is disabled and the normal
569text font will being used for the given style. 788text font will being used for the given style.
570 789
790=item B<intensityStyles:> I<boolean>
791
792When font styles are not enabled, or this option is enabled (B<True>,
793option B<-is>, the default), bold and italic font styles imply high
794intensity foreground/background colours. Disabling this option (B<False>,
795option B<+is>) disables this behaviour, the high intensity colours are not
796reachable.
797
571=item B<selectstyle:> I<mode> 798=item B<selectstyle:> I<mode>
572 799
573Set mouse selection style to B<old> which is 2.20, B<oldword> which is 800Set mouse selection style to B<old> which is 2.20, B<oldword> which
574xterm style with 2.20 old word selection, or anything else which gives 801is xterm style with 2.20 old word selection, or anything else which
575xterm style selection. 802gives xterm style selection. Only effective when the original (non-perl)
803selection code is in use.
576 804
577=item B<scrollstyle:> I<mode> 805=item B<scrollstyle:> I<mode>
578 806
579Set scrollbar style to B<rxvt>, B<plain>, B<next> or B<xterm>. B<plain> is 807Set scrollbar style to B<rxvt>, B<plain>, B<next> or B<xterm>. B<plain> is
580the author's favourite.. 808the author's favourite.
581 809
582=item B<title:> I<string> 810=item B<title:> I<string>
583 811
584Set window title string, the default title is the command-line 812Set window title string, the default title is the command-line
585specified after the B<-e> option, if any, otherwise the application 813specified after the B<-e> option, if any, otherwise the application
594=item B<mapAlert:> I<boolean> 822=item B<mapAlert:> I<boolean>
595 823
596B<True>: de-iconify (map) on receipt of a bell character. B<False>: no 824B<True>: de-iconify (map) on receipt of a bell character. B<False>: no
597de-iconify (map) on receipt of a bell character [default]. 825de-iconify (map) on receipt of a bell character [default].
598 826
827=item B<urgentOnBell:> I<boolean>
828
829B<True>: set the urgency hint for the wm on receipt of a bell character.
830B<False>: do not set the urgency hint [default].
831
599=item B<visualBell:> I<boolean> 832=item B<visualBell:> I<boolean>
600 833
601B<True>: use visual bell on receipt of a bell character; option B<-vb>. 834B<True>: use visual bell on receipt of a bell character; option B<-vb>.
602B<False>: no visual bell [default]; option B<+vb>. 835B<False>: no visual bell [default]; option B<+vb>.
603 836
617 850
618Specify a command pipe for vt100 printer [default I<lpr(1)>]. Use 851Specify a command pipe for vt100 printer [default I<lpr(1)>]. Use
619B<Print> to initiate a screen dump to the printer and B<Ctrl-Print> or 852B<Print> to initiate a screen dump to the printer and B<Ctrl-Print> or
620B<Shift-Print> to include the scrollback as well. 853B<Shift-Print> to include the scrollback as well.
621 854
855The string will be interpreted as if typed into the shell as-is.
856
857Example:
858
859 URxvt.print-pipe: cat > $(TMPDIR=$HOME mktemp urxvt.XXXXXX)
860
861This creates a new file in your home directory with the screen contents
862every time you hit C<Print>.
863
622=item B<scrollBar:> I<boolean> 864=item B<scrollBar:> I<boolean>
623 865
624B<True>: enable the scrollbar [default]; option B<-sb>. B<False>: 866B<True>: enable the scrollbar [default]; option B<-sb>. B<False>:
625disable the scrollbar; option B<+sb>. 867disable the scrollbar; option B<+sb>.
626 868
645B<False>: do not scroll to bottom when tty receives output; option 887B<False>: do not scroll to bottom when tty receives output; option
646B<+si>. 888B<+si>.
647 889
648=item B<scrollWithBuffer:> I<boolean> 890=item B<scrollWithBuffer:> I<boolean>
649 891
650B<True>: scroll with scrollback buffer when tty recieves new lines (and 892B<True>: scroll with scrollback buffer when tty receives new lines (and
651B<scrollTtyOutput> is False); option B<+sw>. B<False>: do not scroll 893B<scrollTtyOutput> is False); option B<-sw>. B<False>: do not scroll
652with scrollback buffer when tty recieves new lines; option B<-sw>. 894with scrollback buffer when tty receives new lines; option B<+sw>.
653 895
654=item B<scrollTtyKeypress:> I<boolean> 896=item B<scrollTtyKeypress:> I<boolean>
655 897
656B<True>: scroll to bottom when a non-special key is pressed. Special keys 898B<True>: scroll to bottom when a non-special key is pressed. Special keys
657are those which are intercepted by rxvt-unicode for special handling and 899are those which are intercepted by rxvt-unicode for special handling and
676=item B<borderLess:> I<boolean> 918=item B<borderLess:> I<boolean>
677 919
678Set MWM hints to request a borderless window, i.e. if honoured by the 920Set MWM hints to request a borderless window, i.e. if honoured by the
679WM, the rxvt-unicode window will not have window decorations; option B<-bl>. 921WM, the rxvt-unicode window will not have window decorations; option B<-bl>.
680 922
923=item B<skipBuiltinGlyphs:> I<boolean>
924
925Compile I<frills>: Disable the usage of the built-in block graphics/line
926drawing characters and just rely on what the specified fonts provide. Use
927this if you have a good font and want to use its block graphic glyphs;
928option B<-sbg>.
929
681=item B<termName:> I<termname> 930=item B<termName:> I<termname>
682 931
683Specifies the terminal type name to be set in the B<TERM> environment 932Specifies the terminal type name to be set in the B<TERM> environment
684variable; option B<-tn>. 933variable; option B<-tn>.
685 934
686=item B<linespace:> I<number> 935=item B<lineSpace:> I<number>
687 936
688Specifies number of lines (pixel height) to insert between each row of 937Specifies number of lines (pixel height) to insert between each row of
689the display [default 0]; option B<-lsp>. 938the display [default 0]; option B<-lsp>.
690 939
691=item B<meta8:> I<boolean> 940=item B<meta8:> I<boolean>
695 944
696=item B<mouseWheelScrollPage:> I<boolean> 945=item B<mouseWheelScrollPage:> I<boolean>
697 946
698B<True>: the mouse wheel scrolls a page full. B<False>: the mouse wheel 947B<True>: the mouse wheel scrolls a page full. B<False>: the mouse wheel
699scrolls five lines [default]. 948scrolls five lines [default].
949
950=item B<pastableTabs:> I<boolean>
951
952B<True>: store tabs as wide characters. B<False>: interpret tabs as cursor
953movement only; option C<-ptab>.
700 954
701=item B<cursorBlink:> I<boolean> 955=item B<cursorBlink:> I<boolean>
702 956
703B<True>: blink the cursor. B<False>: do not blink the cursor [default]; 957B<True>: blink the cursor. B<False>: do not blink the cursor [default];
704option B<-bc>. 958option B<-bc>.
717 971
718Mouse pointer background colour. 972Mouse pointer background colour.
719 973
720=item B<pointerBlankDelay:> I<number> 974=item B<pointerBlankDelay:> I<number>
721 975
722Specifies number of seconds before blanking the pointer [default 2]. 976Specifies number of seconds before blanking the pointer [default 2]. Use a
977large number (e.g. C<987654321>) to effectively disable the timeout.
723 978
724=item B<backspacekey:> I<string> 979=item B<backspacekey:> I<string>
725 980
726The string to send when the backspace key is pressed. If set to B<DEC> 981The string to send when the backspace key is pressed. If set to B<DEC>
727or unset it will send B<Delete> (code 127) or, if shifted, B<Backspace> 982or unset it will send B<Delete> (code 127) or, if shifted, B<Backspace>
734pressed. If unset it will send the sequence traditionally associated 989pressed. If unset it will send the sequence traditionally associated
735with the B<Execute> key. 990with the B<Execute> key.
736 991
737=item B<cutchars:> I<string> 992=item B<cutchars:> I<string>
738 993
739The characters used as delimiters for double-click word selection. The 994The characters used as delimiters for double-click word selection
740built-in default: 995(whitespace delimiting is added automatically if resource is given).
996
997When the perl selection extension is in use (the default if compiled
998in, see the @@RXVT_NAME@@perl(3) manpage), a suitable regex using these
999characters will be created (if the resource exists, otherwise, no regex
1000will be created). In this mode, characters outside ISO-8859-1 can be used.
1001
1002When the selection extension is not used, only ISO-8859-1 characters can
1003be used. If not specified, the built-in default is used:
741 1004
742B<< BACKSLASH `"'&()*,;<=>?@[]{|} >> 1005B<< BACKSLASH `"'&()*,;<=>?@[]{|} >>
743 1006
744=item B<preeditType:> I<style> 1007=item B<preeditType:> I<style>
745 1008
749 1012
750I<name> of inputMethod to use; option B<-im>. 1013I<name> of inputMethod to use; option B<-im>.
751 1014
752=item B<imLocale:> I<name> 1015=item B<imLocale:> I<name>
753 1016
754The locale to use for opening the IM. You can use an LC_CTYPE of e.g. 1017The locale to use for opening the IM. You can use an C<LC_CTYPE> of e.g.
755de_DE.UTF-8 for normal text processing but ja_JP.EUC-JP for the input 1018C<de_DE.UTF-8> for normal text processing but C<ja_JP.EUC-JP> for the
756extension to be able to input japanese characters while staying in 1019input extension to be able to input japanese characters while staying in
757another locale. option B<-imlocale>. 1020another locale; option B<-imlocale>.
1021
1022=item B<imFont:> I<fontset>
1023
1024Specify the font-set used for XIM styles C<OverTheSpot> or
1025C<OffTheSpot>. It must be a standard X font set (XLFD patterns separated
1026by commas), i.e. it's not in the same format as the other font lists used
1027in @@RXVT_NAME@@. The default will be set-up to chose *any* suitable found
1028found, preferably one or two pixels differing in size to the base font.
1029option B<-imfont>.
1030
1031=item B<tripleclickwords:> I<boolean>
1032
1033Change the meaning of triple-click selection with the left mouse
1034button. Instead of selecting a full line it will extend the selection to
1035the end of the logical line only; option B<-tcw>.
758 1036
759=item B<insecure:> I<boolean> 1037=item B<insecure:> I<boolean>
760 1038
761Enables "insecure" mode. Rxvt-unicode offers some escape sequences that 1039Enables "insecure" mode. Rxvt-unicode offers some escape sequences that
762echo arbitrary strings like the icon name or the locale. This could be 1040echo arbitrary strings like the icon name or the locale. This could be
763abused if somebody gets 8-bit-clean access to your display, wether 1041abused if somebody gets 8-bit-clean access to your display, whether
764throuh a mail client displaying mail bodies unfiltered or though 1042through a mail client displaying mail bodies unfiltered or through
765write(1). Therefore, these sequences are disabled by default. (Note 1043write(1) or any other means. Therefore, these sequences are disabled by
766that other terminals, including xterm, have these sequences 1044default. (Note that many other terminals, including xterm, have these
767enabled by default). You can enable them by setting this boolean 1045sequences enabled by default, which doesn't make it safer, though).
768resource or specifying B<-insecure> as an option. At the moment, this 1046
769enabled display-answer, locale, findfont, icon label and window title 1047You can enable them by setting this boolean resource or specifying
770requests as well as dynamic menubar dispatch. 1048B<-insecure> as an option. At the moment, this enables display-answer,
1049locale, findfont, icon label and window title requests.
771 1050
772=item B<modifier:> I<modifier> 1051=item B<modifier:> I<modifier>
773 1052
774Set the key to be interpreted as the Meta key to: B<alt>, B<meta>, 1053Set the key to be interpreted as the Meta key to: B<alt>, B<meta>,
775B<hyper>, B<super>, B<mod1>, B<mod2>, B<mod3>, B<mod4>, B<mod5>; option 1054B<hyper>, B<super>, B<mod1>, B<mod2>, B<mod3>, B<mod4>, B<mod5>; option
779 1058
780Specify the reply rxvt-unicode sends to the shell when an ENQ (control-E) 1059Specify the reply rxvt-unicode sends to the shell when an ENQ (control-E)
781character is passed through. It may contain escape values as described 1060character is passed through. It may contain escape values as described
782in the entry on B<keysym> following. 1061in the entry on B<keysym> following.
783 1062
784=item B<secondaryScreen:> I<bool> 1063=item B<secondaryScreen:> I<boolean>
785 1064
786Turn on/off secondary screen (default enabled). 1065Turn on/off secondary screen (default enabled).
787 1066
788=item B<secondaryScroll:> I<bool> 1067=item B<secondaryScroll:> I<boolean>
789 1068
790Turn on/off secondary screen scroll (default enabled). If the this 1069Turn on/off secondary screen scroll (default enabled). If this
791option is enabled, scrolls on the secondary screen will change the 1070option is enabled, scrolls on the secondary screen will change the
792scrollback buffer and switching to/from the secondary screen will 1071scrollback buffer and switching to/from the secondary screen will
793instead scroll the screen up. 1072instead scroll the screen up.
794 1073
1074=item B<hold>: I<boolean>
1075
1076Turn on/off hold window after exit support. If enabled, @@RXVT_NAME@@
1077will not immediately destroy its window when the program executed within
1078it exits. Instead, it will wait till it is being killed or closed by the
1079user.
1080
795=item B<keysym.>I<sym>: I<string> 1081=item B<keysym.>I<sym>: I<string>
796 1082
797Associate I<string> with keysym I<sym> (B<0xFF00 - 0xFFFF>). It may 1083Compile I<frills>: Associate I<string> with keysym I<sym>. The
798contain escape values (\a: bell, \b: backspace, \e, \E: escape, \n:
799newline, \r: return, \t:
800tab, \000: octal number) or control characters (^?: delete, ^@: null,
801^A ...) and may enclosed with double quotes so that it can start or end
802with whitespace. The intervening resource name B<keysym.> cannot be 1084intervening resource name B<keysym.> cannot be omitted.
803omitted. This resource is only available when compiled with 1085
804KEYSYM_RESOURCE. 1086The format of I<sym> is "I<(modifiers-)key>", where I<modifiers> can be
1087any combination of B<ISOLevel3>, B<AppKeypad>, B<Control>, B<NumLock>,
1088B<Shift>, B<Meta>, B<Lock>, B<Mod1>, B<Mod2>, B<Mod3>, B<Mod4>, B<Mod5>,
1089and the abbreviated B<I>, B<K>, B<C>, B<N>, B<S>, B<M>, B<A>, B<L>, B<1>,
1090B<2>, B<3>, B<4>, B<5>.
1091
1092The B<NumLock>, B<Meta> and B<ISOLevel3> modifiers are usually aliased to
1093whatever modifier the NumLock key, Meta/Alt keys or ISO Level3 Shift/AltGr
1094keys are being mapped. B<AppKeypad> is a synthetic modifier mapped to the
1095current application keymap mode state.
1096
1097The spellings of I<key> can be obtained by using B<xev>(1) command or
1098searching keysym macros from B</usr/X11R6/include/X11/keysymdef.h> and
1099omitting the prefix B<XK_>. Alternatively you can specify I<key> by its hex
1100keysym value (B<0x0000 - 0xFFFF>). Note that the lookup of I<sym>s is not
1101performed in an exact manner; however, the closest match is assured.
1102
1103I<string> may contain escape values (C<\n>: newline, C<\000>: octal
1104number), see RESOURCES in C<man 7 X> for futher details.
1105
1106You can define a range of keysyms in one shot by providing a I<string>
1107with pattern B<list/PREFIX/MIDDLE/SUFFIX>, where the delimiter `/'
1108should be a character not used by the strings.
1109
1110Its usage can be demonstrated by an example:
1111
1112 URxvt.keysym.M-C-0x61: list|\033<M-C-|abc|>
1113
1114The above line is equivalent to the following three lines:
1115
1116 URxvt.keysym.Meta-Control-0x61: \033<M-C-a>
1117 URxvt.keysym.Meta-Control-0x62: \033<M-C-b>
1118 URxvt.keysym.Meta-Control-0x63: \033<M-C-c>
1119
1120If I<string> takes the form of C<command:STRING>, the specified B<STRING>
1121is interpreted and executed as @@RXVT_NAME@@'s control sequence. For
1122example the following means "change the current locale to C<zh_CN.GBK>
1123when Control-Meta-c is being pressed":
1124
1125 URxvt.keysym.M-C-c: command:\033]701;zh_CN.GBK\007
1126
1127If I<string> takes the form C<perl:STRING>, then the specified B<STRING>
1128is passed to the C<on_keyboard_command> perl handler. See the @@RXVT_NAME@@perl(3)
1129manpage. For example, the F<selection> extension (activated via
1130C<@@RXVT_NAME@@ -pe selection>) listens for C<selection:rot13> events:
1131
1132 URxvt.keysym.M-C-c: perl:selection:rot13
1133
1134Due the the large number of modifier combinations, a defined key mapping
1135will match if at I<at least> the specified identifiers are being set, and
1136no other key mappings with those and more bits are being defined. That
1137means that defining a key map for C<a> will automatically provide
1138definitions for C<Meta-a>, C<Shift-a> and so on, unless some of those are defined
1139mappings themselves.
1140
1141Unfortunately, this will override built-in key mappings. For example
1142if you overwrite the C<Insert> key you will disable @@RXVT_NAME@@'s
1143C<Shift-Insert> mapping. To re-enable that, you can poke "holes" into the
1144user-defined keymap using the C<builtin:> replacement:
1145
1146 URxvt.keysym.Insert: <my insert key sequence>
1147 URxvt.keysym.S-Insert: builtin:
1148
1149The first line defines a mapping for C<Insert> and I<any> combination
1150of modifiers. The second line re-establishes the default mapping for
1151C<Shift-Insert>.
1152
1153The following example will map Control-Meta-1 and Control-Meta-2 to
1154the fonts C<suxuseuro> and C<9x15bold>, so you can have some limited
1155font-switching at runtime:
1156
1157 URxvt.keysym.M-C-1: command:\033]50;suxuseuro\007
1158 URxvt.keysym.M-C-2: command:\033]50;9x15bold\007
1159
1160Other things are possible, e.g. resizing (see @@RXVT_NAME@@(7) for more
1161info):
1162
1163 URxvt.keysym.M-C-3: command:\033[8;25;80t
1164 URxvt.keysym.M-C-4: command:\033[8;48;110t
1165
1166=item B<perl-ext-common>: I<string>
1167
1168=item B<perl-ext>: I<string>
1169
1170Comma-separated list(s) of perl extension scripts (default: C<default>) to
1171use in this terminal instance; option B<-pe>.
1172
1173Extension names can be prefixed with a C<-> sign to prohibit using
1174them. This can be useful to selectively disable some extensions loaded
1175by default, or specified via the C<perl-ext-common> resource. For
1176example, C<default,-selection> will use all the default extension except
1177C<selection>.
1178
1179Extension names can also be followed by an argument in angle brackets
1180(e.g. C<< searchable-scrollback<M-s> >>, which binds the hotkey for
1181searchable scrollback to Alt/Meta-s). Mentioning the same extension
1182multiple times with different arguments will pass multiple arguments to
1183the extension.
1184
1185Each extension is looked up in the library directories, loaded if
1186necessary, and bound to the current terminal instance.
1187
1188If both of these resources are the empty string, then the perl
1189interpreter will not be initialized. The idea behind two options is that
1190B<perl-ext-common> will be used for extensions that should be available to
1191all instances, while B<perl-ext> is used for specific instances.
1192
1193=item B<perl-eval>: I<string>
1194
1195Perl code to be evaluated when all extensions have been registered. See
1196the @@RXVT_NAME@@perl(3) manpage. Due to security reasons, this resource
1197will be ignored when running setuid/setgid.
1198
1199=item B<perl-lib>: I<path>
1200
1201Colon-separated list of additional directories that hold extension
1202scripts. When looking for extensions specified by the C<perl> resource,
1203@@RXVT_NAME@@ will first look in these directories and then in
1204F<@@RXVT_LIBDIR@@/urxvt/perl/>. Due to security reasons, this resource
1205will be ignored when running setuid/setgid.
1206
1207See the @@RXVT_NAME@@perl(3) manpage.
1208
1209=item B<< selection.pattern-I<idx> >>: I<perl-regex>
1210
1211Additional selection patterns, see the @@RXVT_NAME@@perl(3) manpage for
1212details.
1213
1214=item B<< selection-autotransform.I<idx> >>: I<perl-transform>
1215
1216Selection auto-transform patterns, see the @@RXVT_NAME@@perl(3) manpage
1217for details.
1218
1219=item B<searchable-scrollback:> I<keysym>
1220
1221Sets the hotkey that starts the incremental scrollback buffer search
1222(default: C<M-s>).
1223
1224=item B<urlLauncher>: I<string>
1225
1226Specifies the program to be started with a URL argument. Used by the
1227C<selection-popup> and C<matcher> perl extensions.
1228
1229=item B<transient-for>: I<windowid>
1230
1231Compile I<frills>: Sets the WM_TRANSIENT_FOR property to the given window id.
1232
1233=item B<override-redirect>: I<boolean>
1234
1235Compile I<frills>: Sets override-redirect for the terminal window, making
1236it almost invisible to window managers; option B<-override-redirect>.
1237
1238=item B<iso14755_52:> I<boolean>
1239
1240Turn on/off ISO 14755 5.2 mode (default enabled).
805 1241
806=back 1242=back
807 1243
808=head1 THE SCROLLBAR 1244=head1 THE SCROLLBAR
809 1245
823the normal text selection/insertion, hold either the Shift or the Meta 1259the normal text selection/insertion, hold either the Shift or the Meta
824(Alt) key while performing the desired mouse action. 1260(Alt) key while performing the desired mouse action.
825 1261
826If mouse reporting mode is active, the normal scrollbar actions are 1262If mouse reporting mode is active, the normal scrollbar actions are
827disabled -- on the assumption that we are using a fullscreen 1263disabled -- on the assumption that we are using a fullscreen
828application. Instead, pressing Button1 and Button3 sends B<ESC[6~> 1264application. Instead, pressing Button1 and Button3 sends B<ESC [ 6 ~>
829(Next) and B<ESC[5~> (Prior), respectively. Similarly, clicking on the 1265(Next) and B<ESC [ 5 ~> (Prior), respectively. Similarly, clicking on the
830up and down arrows sends B<ESC[A> (Up) and B<ESC[B> (Down), 1266up and down arrows sends B<ESC [ A> (Up) and B<ESC [ B> (Down),
831respectively. 1267respectively.
832 1268
833=head1 TEXT SELECTION AND INSERTION 1269=head1 THE SELECTION: SELECTING AND PASTING TEXT
834 1270
835The behaviour of text selection and insertion mechanism is similar to 1271The behaviour of text selection and insertion/pasting mechanism is similar
836I<xterm>(1). 1272to I<xterm>(1).
837 1273
838=over 4 1274=over 4
839 1275
840=item B<Selection>: 1276=item B<Selecting>:
841 1277
842Left click at the beginning of the region, drag to the end of the 1278Left click at the beginning of the region, drag to the end of the region
843region and release; Right click to extend the marked region; Left 1279and release; Right click to extend the marked region; Left double-click
844double-click to select a word; Left triple-click to select the entire 1280to select a word; Left triple-click to select the entire logical line
845line. 1281(which can span multiple screen lines), unless modified by resource
1282B<tripleclickwords>.
846 1283
1284Starting a selection while pressing the B<Meta> key (or B<Meta+Ctrl> keys)
1285(Compile: I<frills>) will create a rectangular selection instead of a
1286normal one. In this mode, every selected row becomes its own line in the
1287selection, and trailing whitespace is visually underlined and removed from
1288the selection.
1289
847=item B<Insertion>: 1290=item B<Pasting>:
848 1291
849Pressing and releasing the Middle mouse button (or B<Shift-Insert>) in 1292Pressing and releasing the Middle mouse button in an B<@@RXVT_NAME@@>
850an B<@@RXVT_NAME@@> window causes the current text selection to be 1293window causes the value of the PRIMARY selection (or CLIPBOARD with the
851inserted as if it had been typed on the keyboard. 1294B<Meta> modifier) to be inserted as if it had been typed on the keyboard.
1295
1296Pressing B<Shift-Insert> causes the value of the PRIMARY selection to be
1297inserted too.
852 1298
853=back 1299=back
854 1300
855=head1 CHANGING FONTS 1301=head1 CHANGING FONTS
856 1302
857Changing fonts (or font sizes, respectively) via the keypad is not yet 1303Changing fonts (or font sizes, respectively) via the keypad is not yet
858supported in rxvt-unicode. Bug me if you need this. 1304supported in rxvt-unicode. Bug me if you need this.
859 1305
860You can, however, switch fonts at runtime using escape sequences (and 1306You can, however, switch fonts at runtime using escape sequences, e.g.:
861therefore using the menubar), e.g.:
862 1307
863 printf '\e]701;%s\007' "9x15bold,xft:Kochi Gothic" 1308 printf '\e]710;%s\007' "9x15bold,xft:Kochi Gothic"
1309
1310You can use keyboard shortcuts, too:
1311
1312 URxvt.keysym.M-C-1: command:\033]710;suxuseuro\007\033]711;suxuseuro\007
1313 URxvt.keysym.M-C-2: command:\033]710;9x15bold\007\033]711;9x15bold\007
864 1314
865rxvt-unicode will automatically re-apply these fonts to the output so far. 1315rxvt-unicode will automatically re-apply these fonts to the output so far.
866 1316
867=head1 ISO 14755 SUPPORT 1317=head1 ISO 14755 SUPPORT
868 1318
869ISO 14755 is a standard for entering and viewing unicode characters 1319ISO 14755 is a standard for entering and viewing unicode characters
870and character codes using the keyboard. It consists of 4 parts. The 1320and character codes using the keyboard. It consists of 4 parts. The
871first part is available rxvt-unicode has been compiled with 1321first part is available if rxvt-unicode has been compiled with
872C<--enable-frills>, the rest is available when rxvt-unicode was compiled 1322C<--enable-frills>, the rest is available when rxvt-unicode was compiled
873with C<--enable-iso14755>. 1323with C<--enable-iso14755>.
874 1324
875=over 4 1325=over 4
876 1326
877=item 5.1: Basic method 1327=item * 5.1: Basic method
878 1328
879This allows you to enter unicode characters using their hexcode. 1329This allows you to enter unicode characters using their hexcode.
880 1330
881Start by pressing and holding both C<Control> and C<Shift>, then enter 1331Start by pressing and holding both C<Control> and C<Shift>, then enter
882hex-digits (between one and six). Releasing C<Control> and C<Shift> will 1332hex-digits (between one and six). Releasing C<Control> and C<Shift> will
889address, which you cannot type. Fortunately, the card has the e-mail 1339address, which you cannot type. Fortunately, the card has the e-mail
890address printed as hexcodes, e.g. C<671d 65e5>. You can enter this easily 1340address printed as hexcodes, e.g. C<671d 65e5>. You can enter this easily
891by pressing C<Control> and C<Shift>, followed by C<6-7-1-D-SPACE-6-5-E-5>, 1341by pressing C<Control> and C<Shift>, followed by C<6-7-1-D-SPACE-6-5-E-5>,
892followed by releasing the modifier keys. 1342followed by releasing the modifier keys.
893 1343
894=item 5.2: Keyboard symbols entry method 1344=item * 5.2: Keyboard symbols entry method
895 1345
896This mode lets you input characters representing the keycap symbols of 1346This mode lets you input characters representing the keycap symbols of
897your keyboard, if representable in the current locale encoding. 1347your keyboard, if representable in the current locale encoding.
898 1348
899Start by pressing C<Control> and C<Shift> together, then releasing 1349Start by pressing C<Control> and C<Shift> together, then releasing
900them. The next special key (cursor keys, home etc.) you enter will not 1350them. The next special key (cursor keys, home etc.) you enter will not
901invoke it's usual function but instead will insert the corresponding 1351invoke its usual function but instead will insert the corresponding
902keycap symbol. The symbol will only be entered when the key has been 1352keycap symbol. The symbol will only be entered when the key has been
903released, otherwise pressing e.g. C<Shift> would enter the symbol for 1353released, otherwise pressing e.g. C<Shift> would enter the symbol for
904C<ISO Level 2 Switch>, although your intention might have beenm to enter a 1354C<ISO Level 2 Switch>, although your intention might have been to enter a
905reverse tab (Shift-Tab). 1355reverse tab (Shift-Tab).
906 1356
907=item 5.3: Screen-selection entry method 1357=item * 5.3: Screen-selection entry method
908 1358
909While this is implemented already (it's basically the selection 1359While this is implemented already (it's basically the selection
910mechanism), it could be extended by displaying a unicode character map. 1360mechanism), it could be extended by displaying a unicode character map.
911 1361
912=item 5.4: Feedback method for identifying displayed characters for later input 1362=item * 5.4: Feedback method for identifying displayed characters for later input
913 1363
914This method lets you display the unicode character code associated with 1364This method lets you display the unicode character code associated with
915characters already displayed. 1365characters already displayed.
916 1366
917You enter this mode by holding down C<Control> and C<Shift> together, then 1367You enter this mode by holding down C<Control> and C<Shift> together, then
929With respect to conformance, rxvt-unicode is supposed to be compliant to 1379With respect to conformance, rxvt-unicode is supposed to be compliant to
930both scenario A and B of ISO 14755, including part 5.2. 1380both scenario A and B of ISO 14755, including part 5.2.
931 1381
932=head1 LOGIN STAMP 1382=head1 LOGIN STAMP
933 1383
934B<@@RXVT_NAME@@> tries to write an entry into the I<utmp>(5) file so 1384B<@@RXVT_NAME@@> tries to write an entry into the I<utmp>(5) file so that
935that it can be seen via the I<who(1)> command, and can accept messages. 1385it can be seen via the I<who(1)> command, and can accept messages. To
936To allow this feature, B<@@RXVT_NAME@@> must be installed setuid root on 1386allow this feature, B<@@RXVT_NAME@@> may need to be installed setuid root
937some systems. 1387on some systems or setgid to root or to some other group on others.
938 1388
939=head1 COLORS AND GRAPHICS 1389=head1 COLORS AND GRAPHICS
940 1390
941In addition to the default foreground and background colours, 1391In addition to the default foreground and background colours,
942B<@@RXVT_NAME@@> can display up to 16 colours (8 ANSI colours plus 1392B<@@RXVT_NAME@@> can display up to 16 colours (8 ANSI colours plus
943high-intensity bold/blink versions of the same). Here is a list of the 1393high-intensity bold/blink versions of the same). Here is a list of the
944colours with their B<rgb.txt> names. 1394colours with their names.
945 1395
946=begin table 1396=begin table
947 1397
948 B<color0> (black) = Black 1398 B<color0> (black) = Black
949 B<color1> (red) = Red3 1399 B<color1> (red) = Red3
969It is also possible to specify the colour values of B<foreground>, 1419It is also possible to specify the colour values of B<foreground>,
970B<background>, B<cursorColor>, B<cursorColor2>, B<colorBD>, B<colorUL> as 1420B<background>, B<cursorColor>, B<cursorColor2>, B<colorBD>, B<colorUL> as
971a number 0-15, as a convenient shorthand to reference the colour name of 1421a number 0-15, as a convenient shorthand to reference the colour name of
972color0-color15. 1422color0-color15.
973 1423
1424In addition to the colours defined above, @@RXVT_NAME@@ offers an
1425additional 72 colours. The first 64 of those (with indices 16 to 79)
1426consist of a 4*4*4 RGB colour cube (i.e. I<index = r * 16 + g * 4 + b +
142716>), followed by 8 additional shades of gray (with indices 80 to 87).
1428
1429Together, all those colours implement the 88 colour xterm colours. Only
1430the first 16 can be changed using resources currently, the rest can only
1431be changed via command sequences ("escape codes").
1432
974Note that B<-rv> (B<"reverseVideo: True">) simulates reverse video by 1433Note that B<-rv> (B<"reverseVideo: True">) simulates reverse video by
975always swapping the foreground/background colours. This is in contrast to 1434always swapping the foreground/background colours. This is in contrast to
976I<xterm>(1) where the colours are only swapped if they have not otherwise 1435I<xterm>(1) where the colours are only swapped if they have not otherwise
977been specified. For example, 1436been specified. For example,
978 1437
983would yield White on Black, while on I<xterm>(1) it would yield Black 1442would yield White on Black, while on I<xterm>(1) it would yield Black
984on White. 1443on White.
985 1444
986=back 1445=back
987 1446
988=head1 FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS (FAQ) 1447=head2 ALPHA CHANNEL SUPPORT
1448
1449If Xft support has been compiled in and as long as Xft/Xrender/X don't get
1450their act together, rxvt-unicode will support C<rgba:rrrr/gggg/bbbb/aaaa>
1451(recommended, but B<MUST> have 4 digits/component) colour specifications,
1452in addition to the ones provided by X, where the additional A component
1453specifies opacity (alpha) values. The minimum value of C<0> is completely
1454transparent). You can also prefix any color with C<[percent]>, where
1455C<percent> is a decimal percentage (0-100) that specifies the opacity of
1456the color, where C<0> is completely transparent and C<100> is completelxy
1457opaque.
1458
1459You probably need to specify B<"-depth 32">, too, and have the luck that
1460your X-server uses ARGB pixel layout, as X is far from just supporting
1461ARGB visuals out of the box, and rxvt-unicode just fudges around.
1462
1463For example, the following selects an almost completely transparent red
1464background, and an almost opaque pink foreground:
1465
1466 @@RXVT_NAME@@ -depth 32 -bg rgba:0000/0000/0000/aaaa -fg "[80]pink"
1467
1468I<Please note that transparency of any kind if completely unsupported by
1469the author. Don't bug him with installation questions!>
1470
1471=head1 ENVIRONMENT
1472
1473B<@@RXVT_NAME@@> sets and/or uses the following environment variables:
989 1474
990=over 4 1475=over 4
991 1476
992=item How do I know which rxvt-unicode version I'm using? 1477=item B<TERM>
993 1478
994The version number is displayed with the usage (-h). Also the escape 1479Normally set to C<rxvt-unicode>, unless overwritten at configure time, via
995sequence C<ESC[8n> sets the window title to the version number. 1480resources or on the command line.
996 1481
997=item When I log-in to another system it tells me about missing terminfo data? 1482=item B<COLORTERM>
998 1483
999The terminal description used by rxvt-unicode is not as widely available 1484Either C<rxvt>, C<rxvt-xpm>, depending on whether @@RXVT_NAME@@ was
1000as that for xterm, or even rxvt (for which the same problem often arises). 1485compiled with background image support, and optionally with the added
1486extension C<-mono> to indicate that rxvt-unicode runs on a monochrome
1487screen.
1001 1488
1002The correct solution for this problem is to install the terminfo, this can be done 1489=item B<COLORFGBG>
1003like this:
1004 1490
1005 infocmp rxvt-unicode >rxvt.unicode.tic 1491Set to a string of the form C<fg;bg> or C<fg;xpm;bg>, where C<fg> is
1006 scp rxvt-unicode.tic remotesystem: 1492the colour code used as default foreground/text colour (or the string
1007 ssh remotesystem tic rxvt-unicode.tic 1493C<default> to indicate that the default-colour escape sequence is to be
1008 1494used), C<bg> is the colour code used as default background colour (or the
1009... or by installing rxvt-unicode normally on the remote system, 1495string C<default>), and C<xpm> is the string C<default> if @@RXVT_NAME@@
1496was compiled with background image support. Libraries like C<ncurses>
1497and C<slang> can (and do) use this information to optimize screen output.
1010 1498
1011If you cannot or do not want to do this, then you can simply set 1499=item B<WINDOWID>
1012C<TERM=rxvt> or even C<TERM=xterm>, and live with the small number of
1013problems arising, which includes wrong keymapping, less and different
1014colours and some refresh errors in fullscreen applications. It's a nice
1015quick-and-dirty workaround for rare cases, though.
1016 1500
1017If you always want to do this you can either recompile rxvt-unicode with 1501Set to the (decimal) X Window ID of the @@RXVT_NAME@@ window (the toplevel
1018the desired TERM value or use a resource to set it: 1502window, which usually has subwindows for the scrollbar, the terminal
1503window and so on).
1019 1504
1020 URxvt.termName: rxvt 1505=item B<TERMINFO>
1021 1506
1022=item How can I configure rxvt-unicode so that it looks similar to the original rxvt? 1507Set to the terminfo directory iff @@RXVT_NAME@@ was configured with
1508C<--with-terminfo=PATH>.
1023 1509
1024Felix von Leitner says that these two lines, in your F<.Xdefaults>, will make rxvt-unicode 1510=item B<DISPLAY>
1025behave similar to the original rxvt:
1026 1511
1027 URxvt.font: -misc-fixed-medium-r-semicondensed--13-120-75-75-c-60-iso8859-1 1512Used by @@RXVT_NAME@@ to connect to the display and set to the correct
1028 URxvt.boldFont: -misc-fixed-bold-r-semicondensed--13-120-75-75-c-60-iso8859-1 1513display in its child processes.
1029 1514
1030=item Rxvt-unicode does not seem to understand the selected encoding? 1515=item B<SHELL>
1031 1516
1032=item Unicode does not seem to work? 1517The shell to be used for command execution, defaults to C</bin/sh>.
1033 1518
1034If you encounter strange problems like typing an accented character but 1519=item B<RXVT_SOCKET>
1035getting two unrelated other characters or similar, or if program output is
1036subtly garbled, then you should check your locale settings.
1037 1520
1038Rxvt-unicode must be started with the same C<LC_CTYPE> setting as the 1521The unix domain socket path used by @@RXVT_NAME@@c(1) and
1039programs. Often rxvt-unicode is started in the C<C> locale, while the 1522@@RXVT_NAME@@d(1).
1040login script running within the rxvt-unicode window changes the locale to
1041sth. else, e.h. C<en_GB.UTF-8>. Needless to say, this is not going to work.
1042 1523
1043The best thing is to fix your startup environment, as you will likely run 1524Default F<<< $HOME/.rxvt-unicode-I<< <nodename >> >>>.
1044into other problems. If nothing works you can try this in your .profile.
1045 1525
1046 printf '\e]701;%s\007' "$LC_CTYPE" 1526=item B<HOME>
1047 1527
1048If this doesn't work, then maybe you use a C<LC_CTYPE> specification not 1528Used to locate the default directory for the unix domain socket for
1049supported on your systems. Some systems have a C<locale> comamnd which 1529daemon communications and to locate various resource files (such as
1050displays this. If it displays sth. like: 1530C<.Xdefaults>)
1051 1531
1052 locale: Cannot set LC_CTYPE to default locale: ... 1532=item B<XAPPLRESDIR>
1053 1533
1054Then the locale you specified is not supported on your system. 1534Directory where various X resource files are being located.
1055 1535
1056If nothing works and you are sure that everything is set correctly then 1536=item B<XENVIRONMENT>
1057you will need to remember a little known fact: Some programs just don't
1058support locales :(
1059 1537
1060=item Why do the characters look ugly? 1538If set and accessible, gives the name of a X resource file to be loaded by
1061
1062=item How does rxvt-unicode choose fonts?
1063
1064Most fonts do not contain the full range of Unicode, which is
1065fine. Chances are that the font you (or the admin/package maintainer of
1066your system/os) have specified does not cover all the characters you want
1067to display.
1068
1069B<rxvt-unicode> makes a best-effort try at finding a replacement
1070font. Often the result is fine, but sometimes the chosen font looks
1071bad. Many fonts have totally strange characters that don't resemble the
1072correct glyph at all, and rxvt-unicode lacks the artificial intelligence
1073to detetc that a specific glyph is wrong: it has to believe the font that
1074the characters it contains indeed look correct.
1075
1076In that case, select a font of your taste and add it to the font list,
1077e.g.:
1078
1079 @@RXVT_NAME@@ -fn basefont,font2,font3...
1080
1081When rxvt-unicode sees a character, it will first look at the base
1082font. If the base font does not contain the character, it will go to the
1083next font, and so on. Specifying your own fonts will also speed up this
1084search and use less resources within rxvt-unicode and the X-server.
1085
1086The only limitation is that all the fonts must not be larger than the base
1087font, as the base font defines the principial cell size, which must be the
1088same due to the way terminals work.
1089
1090=item Why do some chinese characters look so different than others?
1091
1092This is because there is a difference between script and language --
1093rxvt-unicode does not know which language the text that is output
1094is, as it only knows the unicode character codes. If rxvt-unicode
1095first sees a japanese character, it might choose a japanese font for
1096it. Subseqzuent japanese characters will take that font. Now, many chinese
1097characters aren't represented in japanese fonts, so when the first
1098non-japanese character comes up, rxvt-unicode will look for a chinese font
1099-- unfortunately at this point, it will still use the japanese font for
1100japanese characters that are also chinese.
1101
1102The workaround is easy: just tag a chinese font at the end of your font
1103list (see the previous question). The key is to view the font list as
1104a preference list: If you expect more japanese, list a japanese font
1105first. If you expect more chinese, put a chinese font first.
1106
1107In the future it might be possible to switch preferences at runtime (the
1108internal data structure has no problem with using different fonts for
1109the same character at the same time, but no interface for this has been
1110designed yet).
1111
1112=item How can I keep rxvt-unicode from using reverse video so much?
1113
1114First of all, make sure you are running with the right terminfo
1115(C<urxvt>), which will get rid of most of these effects. Then make sure
1116you have specified colours for italic and bold, as otherwise rxvt-unicode
1117might use reverse video to simulate the effect:
1118
1119 URxvt*colorBD: white
1120 URxvt*colorIT: green
1121
1122=item Some programs assume totally weird colours (red instead of blue), how can I fix that?
1123
1124For some unexplainable reason, some programs (i.e. irssi) assume a very
1125weird colour palette when confronted with a terminal with more than the
1126standard 8 colours (rxvt-unicode supports 88). The right fix is, of
1127course, to fix these programs not to assume non-ISO colours without very
1128good reasons.
1129
1130In the meantime, you can either edit your C<urxvt> terminfo definition to
1131only claim 8 colour support or use C<TERM=rxvt>, which will fix colours
1132but keep you from using other rxvt-unicode features.
1133
1134=item How does rxvt-unicode determine the encoding to use?
1135
1136=item Is there an option to switch encodings?
1137
1138Unlike some other terminals, rxvt-unicode has no encoding switch, and no
1139specific "utf-8" mode, such as xterm. In fact, it doesn't even know about
1140UTF-8 or any other encodings with respect to terminal I/O.
1141
1142The reasons is that there exists a perfectly fine mechanism for selecting
1143the encoding, doing I/O and (most important) communicating this to all
1144applications so everybody agrees on character properties such as width and
1145code number. This mechanism is the I<locale>.
1146
1147Rxvt-unicode uses the C<LC_CTYPE> locale category to select encoding. All
1148programs doing the same (that is, most) will automatically agree in the
1149interpretation of characters.
1150
1151Unfortunately, there is no system-independent way to select locales, nor
1152is there a standard on how locale specifiers will look like.
1153
1154On most systems, the content of the C<LC_CTYPE> environment variable
1155contains an arbitrary string which corresponds to an already-installed
1156locale. Common names for locales are C<en_US.UTF-8>, C<de_DE.ISO-8859-15>,
1157C<ja_JP.EUC-JP>, i.e. C<language_country.encoding>, but other forms
1158(i.e. C<de> or C<german>) are also common.
1159
1160Rxvt-unicode ignores all other locale categories, and except for
1161the encoding, ignores country or language-specific settings,
1162i.e. C<de_DE.UTF-8> and C<ja_JP.UTF-8> are the same for rxvt-unicode.
1163
1164If you want to use a specific encoding you have to make sure you start
1165rxvt-unicode with the correct C<LC_CTYPE> category.
1166
1167=item Can I switch locales at runtime?
1168
1169Yes, using an escape sequence. Try sth. like this, which sets
1170rxvt-unicode's idea of C<LC_CTYPE>.
1171
1172 printf '\e]701;%s\007' ja_JP.SJIS
1173
1174See also the previous question.
1175
1176Sometimes this capability is rather handy when you want to work in one
1177locale (e.g. C<de_DE.UTF-8>) but some programs don't support UTF-8. For
1178example, I use this script to start C<xjdic>, which first switches to a
1179locale supported by xjdic and back later:
1180
1181 printf '\e]701;%s\007' ja_JP.SJIS
1182 xjdic -js
1183 printf '\e]701;%s\007' de_DE.UTF-8
1184
1185=item Can I switch the fonts at runtime?
1186
1187Yes, using an escape sequence. Try sth. like this, which has the same
1188effect as using the C<-fn> switch, and takes effect immediately:
1189
1190 printf '\e]50;%s\007' "9x15bold,xft:Kochi Gothic"
1191
1192This is useful if you e.g. work primarily with japanese (and prefer a
1193japanese font), but you have to switch to chinese temporarily, where
1194japanese fonts would only be in your way.
1195
1196You can think of this as a kind of manual ISO-2022 switching.
1197
1198=item Why do italic characters look as if clipped?
1199
1200Many fonts have difficulties with italic characters and hinting. For
1201example, the otherwise very nicely hinted font C<xft:Bitstream Vera Sans
1202Mono> completely fails in it's italic face. A workaround is to enable
1203freetype autohinting, i.e. like this:
1204
1205 URxvt*italicFont: xft:Bitstream Vera Sans Mono:italic:autohint=true
1206 URxvt*boldItalicFont: xft:Bitstream Vera Sans Mono:bold:italic:autohint=true
1207
1208=item My input method wants <some encoding> but I want UTF-8, what can I do?
1209
1210You cna specify separate locales for the input method and the rest of the
1211terminal, using the resource C<imlocale>:
1212
1213 URxvt*imlocale: ja_JP.EUC-JP
1214
1215Now you can start your terminal with C<LC_CTYPE=ja_JP.UTF-8> and still
1216use your input method. Please note, however, that you will not be able to
1217input characters outside C<EUC-JP> in a normal way then, as your input
1218method limits you.
1219
1220=item Rxvt-unicode uses gobs of memory, how can I reduce that?
1221
1222Rxvt-unicode tries to obey the rule of not charging you for sth. you
1223don't use. One thing you should try is to configure out all settings that
1224you don't need, for example, Xft support is a resource hog by design,
1225when used. Compiling it out ensures that no Xft font will be loaded
1226accidentally when rxvt-unicode tries to find a font for your characters.
1227
1228Also, many people (me included) like large windows and even larger
1229scrollback buffers: Without C<--enable-unicode3>, rxvt-unicode will use
12306 bytes per screen cell. For a 160x?? window this amounts to almost a
1231kilobyte per line. A scorllback buffer of 10000 lines will then (if full)
1232use 10 Megabytes of memory. With C<--enable-unicode3> it gets worse, as
1233rxvt-unicode then uses 8 bytes per screen cell.
1234
1235=item Can I speed up Xft rendering somehow?
1236
1237Yes, the most obvious way to speed it up is to avoid Xft entirely, as
1238it is simply slow. If you still want Xft fonts you might try to disable
1239antialiasing (by appending C<:antialiasing=false>), which saves lots of
1240memory and also speeds up rendering considerably.
1241
1242=item Rxvt-unicode doesn't seem to anti-alias its fonts, what is wrong?
1243
1244Rxvt-unicode will use whatever you specify as a font. If it needs to
1245fall back to it's default font search list it will prefer X11 core
1246fonts, because they are small and fast, and then use Xft fonts. It has
1247antialiaisng disabled for most of them, because the author thinks they
1248look best that way.
1249
1250If you want antialiasing, you have to specify the fonts manually.
1251
1252=item Mouse cut/paste suddenly no longer works.
1253
1254Make sure that mouse reporting is actually turned off since killing
1255some editors prematurely may leave the mouse in mouse report mode. I've
1256heard that tcsh may use mouse reporting unless it otherwise specified. A
1257quick check is to see if cut/paste works when the Alt or Shift keys are
1258depressed. See @@RXVT_NAME@@(7)
1259
1260=item What's with this bold/blink stuff?
1261
1262If no bold colour is set via C<colorBD:>, bold will invert text using the
1263standard foreground colour.
1264
1265For the standard background colour, blinking will actually make the
1266text blink when compiled with C<--enable-blinking>. with standard
1267colours. Without C<--enable-blinking>, the blink attribute will be
1268ignored.
1269
1270On ANSI colours, bold/blink attributes are used to set high-intensity
1271foreground/background colors.
1272
1273color0-7 are the low-intensity colors.
1274
1275color8-15 are the corresponding high-intensity colors.
1276
1277=item I don't like the screen colors. How do I change them?
1278
1279You can change the screen colors at run-time using F<~/.Xdefaults>
1280resources (or as long-options).
1281
1282Here are values that are supposed to resemble a VGA screen,
1283including the murky brown that passes for low-intensity yellow:
1284
1285 Rxvt*color0: #000000
1286 Rxvt*color1: #A80000
1287 Rxvt*color2: #00A800
1288 Rxvt*color3: #A8A800
1289 Rxvt*color4: #0000A8
1290 Rxvt*color5: #A800A8
1291 Rxvt*color6: #00A8A8
1292 Rxvt*color7: #A8A8A8
1293
1294 Rxvt*color8: #000054
1295 Rxvt*color9: #FF0054
1296 Rxvt*color10: #00FF54
1297 Rxvt*color11: #FFFF54
1298 Rxvt*color12: #0000FF
1299 Rxvt*color13: #FF00FF
1300 Rxvt*color14: #00FFFF
1301 Rxvt*color15: #FFFFFF
1302
1303=item What's with the strange Backspace/Delete key behaviour?
1304
1305Assuming that the physical Backspace key corresponds to the
1306BackSpace keysym (not likely for Linux ... see the following
1307question) there are two standard values that can be used for
1308Backspace: C<^H> and C<^?>.
1309
1310Historically, either value is correct, but rxvt-unicode adopts the debian
1311policy of using C<^?> when unsure, because it's the one only only correct
1312choice :).
1313
1314Rxvt-unicode tries to inherit the current stty settings and uses the value
1315of `erase' to guess the value for backspace. If rxvt-unicode wasn't
1316started from a terminal (say, from a menu or by remote shell), then the
1317system value of `erase', which corresponds to CERASE in <termios.h>, will
1318be used (which may not be the same as your stty setting).
1319
1320For starting a new rxvt-unicode:
1321
1322 # use Backspace = ^H
1323 $ stty erase ^H
1324 $ @@RXVT_NAME@@ 1539@@RXVT_NAME@@.
1325
1326 # use Backspace = ^?
1327 $ stty erase ^?
1328 $ @@RXVT_NAME@@
1329
1330Toggle with "ESC[36h" / "ESC[36l" as documented in @@RXVT_NAME@@(7).
1331
1332For an existing rxvt-unicode:
1333
1334 # use Backspace = ^H
1335 $ stty erase ^H
1336 $ echo -n "^[[36h"
1337
1338 # use Backspace = ^?
1339 $ stty erase ^?
1340 $ echo -n "^[[36l"
1341
1342This helps satisfy some of the Backspace discrepancies that occur, but
1343if you use Backspace = C<^H>, make sure that the termcap/terminfo value
1344properly reflects that.
1345
1346The Delete key is a another casualty of the ill-defined Backspace problem.
1347To avoid confusion between the Backspace and Delete keys, the Delete
1348key has been assigned an escape sequence to match the vt100 for Execute
1349(ESC[3~) and is in the supplied termcap/terminfo.
1350
1351Some other Backspace problems:
1352
1353some editors use termcap/terminfo,
1354some editors (vim I'm told) expect Backspace = ^H,
1355GNU Emacs (and Emacs-like editors) use ^H for help.
1356
1357Perhaps someday this will all be resolved in a consistent manner.
1358
1359=item I don't like the key-bindings. How do I change them?
1360
1361There are some compile-time selections available via configure. Unless
1362you have run "configure" with the C<--disable-resources> option you can
1363use the `keysym' resource to alter the keystrings associated with keysym
13640xFF00 - 0xFFFF (function, cursor keys, etc).
1365
1366Here's an example for a tn3270 session started using `@@RXVT_NAME@@ -name tn3270'
1367
1368 !# ----- special uses ------:
1369 ! tn3270 login, remap function and arrow keys.
1370 tn3270*font: *clean-bold-*-*--15-*
1371
1372 ! keysym - used by rxvt only
1373 ! Delete - ^D
1374 tn3270*keysym.0xFFFF: \004
1375
1376 ! Home - ^A
1377 tn3270*keysym.0xFF50: \001
1378 ! Left - ^B
1379 tn3270*keysym.0xFF51: \002
1380 ! Up - ^P
1381 tn3270*keysym.0xFF52: \020
1382 ! Right - ^F
1383 tn3270*keysym.0xFF53: \006
1384 ! Down - ^N
1385 tn3270*keysym.0xFF54: \016
1386 ! End - ^E
1387 tn3270*keysym.0xFF57: \005
1388
1389 ! F1 - F12
1390 tn3270*keysym.0xFFBE: \e1
1391 tn3270*keysym.0xFFBF: \e2
1392 tn3270*keysym.0xFFC0: \e3
1393 tn3270*keysym.0xFFC1: \e4
1394 tn3270*keysym.0xFFC2: \e5
1395 tn3270*keysym.0xFFC3: \e6
1396 tn3270*keysym.0xFFC4: \e7
1397 tn3270*keysym.0xFFC5: \e8
1398 tn3270*keysym.0xFFC6: \e9
1399 tn3270*keysym.0xFFC7: \e0
1400 tn3270*keysym.0xFFC8: \e-
1401 tn3270*keysym.0xFFC9: \e=
1402
1403 ! map Prior/Next to F7/F8
1404 tn3270*keysym.0xFF55: \e7
1405 tn3270*keysym.0xFF56: \e8
1406
1407=item I'm using keyboard model XXX that has extra Prior/Next/Insert keys.
1408How do I make use of them? For example, the Sun Keyboard type 4
1409has the following mappings that rxvt-unicode doesn't recognize.
1410
1411 KP_Insert == Insert
1412 F22 == Print
1413 F27 == Home
1414 F29 == Prior
1415 F33 == End
1416 F35 == Next
1417
1418Rather than have rxvt-unicode try to accomodate all the various possible keyboard
1419mappings, it is better to use `xmodmap' to remap the keys as required for
1420your particular machine.
1421
1422=item How do I distinguish if I'm running rxvt-unicode or a regular xterm?
1423I need this to decide about setting colors etc.
1424
1425rxvt and rxvt-unicode always export the variable "COLORTERM", so you can
1426check and see if that is set. Note that several programs, JED, slrn,
1427Midnight Commander automatically check this variable to decide whether or
1428not to use color.
1429
1430=item How do I set the correct, full IP address for the DISPLAY variable?
1431
1432If you've compiled rxvt-unicode with DISPLAY_IS_IP and ahve enabled
1433insecure mode then it is possible to use the following shell script
1434snippets to correctly set the display. If your version of rxvt-unicode
1435wasn't also compiled with ESCZ_ANSWER (as assumed in these snippets) then
1436the COLORTERM variable can be used to distinguish rxvt-unicode from a
1437regular xterm.
1438
1439Courtesy of Chuck Blake <cblake@BBN.COM> with the following shell script
1440snippets:
1441
1442 # Bourne/Korn/POSIX family of shells:
1443 [ ${TERM:-foo} = foo ] && TERM=xterm # assume an xterm if we don't know
1444 if [ ${TERM:-foo} = xterm ]; then
1445 stty -icanon -echo min 0 time 15 # see if enhanced rxvt or not
1446 echo -n '^[Z'
1447 read term_id
1448 stty icanon echo
1449 if [ ""${term_id} = '^[[?1;2C' -a ${DISPLAY:-foo} = foo ]; then
1450 echo -n '^[[7n' # query the rxvt we are in for the DISPLAY string
1451 read DISPLAY # set it in our local shell
1452 fi
1453 fi
1454
1455=item How do I compile the manual pages for myself?
1456
1457You need to have a recent version of perl installed as F</usr/bin/perl>,
1458one that comes with F<pod2man>, F<pod2text> and F<pod2html>. Then go to
1459the doc subdirectory and enter C<make alldoc>.
1460 1540
1461=back 1541=back
1462 1542
1463=head1 ENVIRONMENT
1464
1465B<@@RXVT_NAME@@> sets the environment variables B<TERM>, B<COLORTERM>
1466and B<COLORFGBG>. The environment variable B<WINDOWID> is set to the X
1467window id number of the B<@@RXVT_NAME@@> window and it also uses and
1468sets the environment variable B<DISPLAY> to specify which display
1469terminal to use. B<@@RXVT_NAME@@> uses the environment variables
1470B<RXVTPATH> and B<PATH> to find XPM files.
1471
1472=head1 FILES 1543=head1 FILES
1473 1544
1474=over 4 1545=over 4
1475 1546
1476=item B</etc/utmp>
1477
1478System file for login records.
1479
1480=item B</usr/lib/X11/rgb.txt> 1547=item B</usr/lib/X11/rgb.txt>
1481 1548
1482Color names. 1549Color names.
1483 1550
1484=back 1551=back
1485 1552
1486=head1 SEE ALSO 1553=head1 SEE ALSO
1487 1554
1488@@RXVT_NAME@@(7), xterm(1), sh(1), resize(1), X(1), pty(4), tty(4), utmp(5) 1555@@RXVT_NAME@@(7), @@RXVT_NAME@@c(1), @@RXVT_NAME@@d(1), xterm(1), sh(1), resize(1), X(1), pty(4), tty(4), utmp(5)
1489
1490=head1 BUGS
1491
1492Check the BUGS file for an up-to-date list.
1493
1494Cursor change support is not yet implemented.
1495
1496Click-and-drag doesn't work with X11 mouse report overriding.
1497 1556
1498=head1 CURRENT PROJECT COORDINATOR 1557=head1 CURRENT PROJECT COORDINATOR
1499 1558
1500=over 4 1559=over 4
1501 1560
1502=item Project Coordinator 1561=item Project Coordinator
1503 1562
1504@@RXVT_MAINT@@ L<@@RXVT_MAINTEMAIL@@> 1563Marc A. Lehmann L<< <rxvt-unicode@schmorp.de> >>
1505 1564
1506=item Web page maintainter 1565L<http://software.schmorp.de/pkg/rxvt-unicode.html>
1507
1508@@RXVT_WEBMAINT@@ L<@@RXVT_WEBMAINTEMAIL@@>
1509
1510L<@@RXVT_WEBPAGE@@>
1511 1566
1512=back 1567=back
1513 1568
1514=head1 AUTHORS 1569=head1 AUTHORS
1515 1570
1537 1592
1538Project Coordinator (changes.txt 2.21a to 2.4.5) 1593Project Coordinator (changes.txt 2.21a to 2.4.5)
1539 1594
1540=item Geoff Wing L<< <gcw@pobox.com> >> 1595=item Geoff Wing L<< <gcw@pobox.com> >>
1541 1596
1542Rewrote screen display and text selection routines. Project Coordinator 1597Rewrote screen display and text selection routines.
1598
1543(changes.txt 2.4.6 - rxvt-unicode) 1599Project Coordinator (changes.txt 2.4.6 - rxvt-unicode)
1544 1600
1545=item Marc Alexander Lehmann L<< <rxvt@schmorp.de> >> 1601=item Marc Alexander Lehmann L<< <rxvt-unicode@schmorp.de> >>
1546 1602
1547Forked rxvt-unicode, rewrote most of the display code and internal 1603Forked rxvt-unicode, unicode support, rewrote almost all the code, perl
1548character handling to store text in unicode, improve xterm 1604extension, random hacks, numerous bugfixes and extensions.
1549compatibility and apply numerous other bugfixes and extensions.
1550 1605
1551Project Coordinator (Changes 1.0 -) 1606Project Coordinator (Changes 1.0 -)
1552 1607
1608=item Emanuele Giaquinta L<< <e.giaquinta@glauco.it> >>
1609
1610Pty/tty/utmp/wtmp rewrite, lots of random hacking and bugfixing.
1611
1553=back 1612=back
1554 1613

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