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1 <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
2 <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
3 <head>
4 <title>REFERENCE - FAQ, command sequences and other background information</title>
5 <link rev="made" href="mailto:perl-binary@plan9.de" />
6 </head>
7
8 <body style="background-color: white">
9
10 <p><a name="__index__"></a></p>
11 <!-- INDEX BEGIN -->
12
13 <ul>
14
15 <li><a href="#name">NAME</a></li>
16 <li><a href="#synopsis">SYNOPSIS</a></li>
17 <li><a href="#description">DESCRIPTION</a></li>
18 <li><a href="#frequently_asked_questions">FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS</a></li>
19 <ul>
20
21 <li><a href="#the_new_selection_selects_pieces_that_are_too_big__how_can_i_select">The new selection selects pieces that are too big, how can I select</a></li>
22 <li><a href="#i_don_t_like_the_new_selection_popups_hotkeys_perl__how_do_i">I don't like the new selection/popups/hotkeys/perl, how do I</a></li>
23 <ul>
24
25 <li><a href="#the_cursor_moves_when_selecting_text_in_the_current_input_line__how">The cursor moves when selecting text in the current input line, how</a></li>
26 </ul>
27
28 <li><a href="#during_rlogin_ssh_telnet_etc__sessions__clicking_near_the_cursor">During rlogin/ssh/telnet/etc. sessions, clicking near the cursor</a></li>
29 <li><a href="#why_doesn_t_rxvtunicode_read_my_resources">Why doesn't rxvt-unicode read my resources?</a></li>
30 <li><a href="#i_can_t_get_transparency_working__what_am_i_doing_wrong">I can't get transparency working, what am I doing wrong?</a></li>
31 <li><a href="#isn_t_rxvt_supposed_to_be_small_don_t_all_those_features_bloat">Isn't rxvt supposed to be small? Don't all those features bloat?</a></li>
32 <li><a href="#why_c____isn_t_that_unportable_bloated_uncool">Why C++, isn't that unportable/bloated/uncool?</a></li>
33 <li><a href="#does_it_support_tabs__can_i_have_a_tabbed_rxvtunicode">Does it support tabs, can I have a tabbed rxvt-unicode?</a></li>
34 <li><a href="#how_do_i_know_which_rxvtunicode_version_i_m_using">How do I know which rxvt-unicode version I'm using?</a></li>
35 <li><a href="#i_am_using_debian_gnu_linux_and_have_a_problem___">I am using Debian GNU/Linux and have a problem...</a></li>
36 <li><a href="#i_am_maintaining_rxvtunicode_for_distribution_os_xxx__any">I am maintaining rxvt-unicode for distribution/OS XXX, any</a></li>
37 <li><a href="#i_need_to_make_it_setuid_setgid_to_support_utmp_ptys_on_my_os__is_this_safe">I need to make it setuid/setgid to support utmp/ptys on my OS, is this safe?</a></li>
38 <li><a href="#when_i_login_to_another_system_it_tells_me_about_missing_terminfo_data">When I log-in to another system it tells me about missing terminfo data?</a></li>
39 <li><a href="#tic_outputs_some_error_when_compiling_the_terminfo_entry_"><code>tic</code> outputs some error when compiling the terminfo entry.</a></li>
40 <li><a href="#bash_s_readline_does_not_work_correctly_under_rxvt_"><code>bash</code>'s readline does not work correctly under rxvt.</a></li>
41 <li><a href="#i_need_a_termcap_file_entry_">I need a termcap file entry.</a></li>
42 <li><a href="#why_does_ls_no_longer_have_coloured_output">Why does <code>ls</code> no longer have coloured output?</a></li>
43 <li><a href="#why_doesn_t_vim_emacs_etc__use_the_88_colour_mode">Why doesn't vim/emacs etc. use the 88 colour mode?</a></li>
44 <li><a href="#why_doesn_t_vim_emacs_etc__make_use_of_italic">Why doesn't vim/emacs etc. make use of italic?</a></li>
45 <li><a href="#why_are_the_secondary_screenrelated_options_not_working_properly">Why are the secondary screen-related options not working properly?</a></li>
46 <li><a href="#my_numerical_keypad_acts_weird_and_generates_differing_output">My numerical keypad acts weird and generates differing output?</a></li>
47 <li><a href="#rxvtunicode_does_not_seem_to_understand_the_selected_encoding">Rxvt-unicode does not seem to understand the selected encoding?</a></li>
48 <li><a href="#unicode_does_not_seem_to_work">Unicode does not seem to work?</a></li>
49 <li><a href="#why_do_some_characters_look_so_much_different_than_others">Why do some characters look so much different than others?</a></li>
50 <li><a href="#how_does_rxvtunicode_choose_fonts">How does rxvt-unicode choose fonts?</a></li>
51 <li><a href="#why_do_some_chinese_characters_look_so_different_than_others">Why do some chinese characters look so different than others?</a></li>
52 <li><a href="#why_does_rxvtunicode_sometimes_leave_pixel_droppings">Why does rxvt-unicode sometimes leave pixel droppings?</a></li>
53 <li><a href="#on_solaris_9__many_linedrawing_characters_are_too_wide_">On Solaris 9, many line-drawing characters are too wide.</a></li>
54 <li><a href="#my_compose__multi_key__key_is_no_longer_working_">My Compose (Multi_key) key is no longer working.</a></li>
55 <li><a href="#i_cannot_type_ctrlshift2_to_get_an_ascii_nul_character_due_to_iso_14755">I cannot type <code>Ctrl-Shift-2</code> to get an ASCII NUL character due to ISO 14755</a></li>
56 <li><a href="#how_can_i_keep_rxvtunicode_from_using_reverse_video_so_much">How can I keep rxvt-unicode from using reverse video so much?</a></li>
57 <li><a href="#some_programs_assume_totally_weird_colours__red_instead_of_blue___how_can_i_fix_that">Some programs assume totally weird colours (red instead of blue), how can I fix that?</a></li>
58 <li><a href="#i_am_on_freebsd_and_rxvtunicode_does_not_seem_to_work_at_all_">I am on FreeBSD and rxvt-unicode does not seem to work at all.</a></li>
59 <li><a href="#i_use_solaris_9_and_it_doesn_t_compile_work_etc_">I use Solaris 9 and it doesn't compile/work/etc.</a></li>
60 <li><a href="#how_can_i_use_rxvtunicode_under_cygwin">How can I use rxvt-unicode under cygwin?</a></li>
61 <li><a href="#how_does_rxvtunicode_determine_the_encoding_to_use">How does rxvt-unicode determine the encoding to use?</a></li>
62 <li><a href="#is_there_an_option_to_switch_encodings">Is there an option to switch encodings?</a></li>
63 <li><a href="#can_i_switch_locales_at_runtime">Can I switch locales at runtime?</a></li>
64 <li><a href="#can_i_switch_the_fonts_at_runtime">Can I switch the fonts at runtime?</a></li>
65 <li><a href="#why_do_italic_characters_look_as_if_clipped">Why do italic characters look as if clipped?</a></li>
66 <li><a href="#my_input_method_wants__some_encoding__but_i_want_utf8__what_can_i_do">My input method wants &lt;some encoding&gt; but I want UTF-8, what can I do?</a></li>
67 <li><a href="#rxvtunicode_crashes_when_the_x_input_method_changes_or_exits_">Rxvt-unicode crashes when the X Input Method changes or exits.</a></li>
68 <li><a href="#rxvtunicode_uses_gobs_of_memory__how_can_i_reduce_that">Rxvt-unicode uses gobs of memory, how can I reduce that?</a></li>
69 <li><a href="#can_i_speed_up_xft_rendering_somehow">Can I speed up Xft rendering somehow?</a></li>
70 <li><a href="#rxvtunicode_doesn_t_seem_to_antialias_its_fonts__what_is_wrong">Rxvt-unicode doesn't seem to anti-alias its fonts, what is wrong?</a></li>
71 <li><a href="#mouse_cut_paste_suddenly_no_longer_works_">Mouse cut/paste suddenly no longer works.</a></li>
72 <li><a href="#what_s_with_this_bold_blink_stuff">What's with this bold/blink stuff?</a></li>
73 <li><a href="#i_don_t_like_the_screen_colors__how_do_i_change_them">I don't like the screen colors. How do I change them?</a></li>
74 <li><a href="#how_can_i_start_rxvtd_in_a_racefree_way">How can I start rxvtd in a race-free way?</a></li>
75 <li><a href="#what_s_with_the_strange_backspace_delete_key_behaviour">What's with the strange Backspace/Delete key behaviour?</a></li>
76 <li><a href="#i_don_t_like_the_keybindings__how_do_i_change_them">I don't like the key-bindings. How do I change them?</a></li>
77 <li><a href="#i_m_using_keyboard_model_xxx_that_has_extra_prior_next_insert_keys_">I'm using keyboard model XXX that has extra Prior/Next/Insert keys.</a></li>
78 <li><a href="#how_do_i_distinguish_wether_i_m_running_rxvtunicode_or_a_regular_xterm">How do I distinguish wether I'm running rxvt-unicode or a regular xterm?</a></li>
79 <li><a href="#how_do_i_set_the_correct__full_ip_address_for_the_display_variable">How do I set the correct, full IP address for the DISPLAY variable?</a></li>
80 <li><a href="#how_do_i_compile_the_manual_pages_for_myself">How do I compile the manual pages for myself?</a></li>
81 <li><a href="#my_question_isn_t_answered_here__can_i_ask_a_human">My question isn't answered here, can I ask a human?</a></li>
82 </ul>
83
84 <li><a href="#rxvt_technical_reference">RXVT TECHNICAL REFERENCE</a></li>
85 <li><a href="#description">DESCRIPTION</a></li>
86 <li><a href="#definitions">Definitions</a></li>
87 <li><a href="#values">Values</a></li>
88 <li><a href="#escape_sequences">Escape Sequences</a></li>
89 <li><a href="#csi__command_sequence_introducer__sequences">CSI (Command Sequence Introducer) Sequences</a></li>
90 <li><a href="#dec_private_modes">DEC Private Modes</a></li>
91 <li><a href="#xterm_operating_system_commands">XTerm Operating System Commands</a></li>
92 <li><a href="#xpm">XPM</a></li>
93 <li><a href="#mouse_reporting">Mouse Reporting</a></li>
94 <li><a href="#key_codes">Key Codes</a></li>
95 <li><a href="#configure_options">CONFIGURE OPTIONS</a></li>
96 <li><a href="#authors">AUTHORS</a></li>
97 </ul>
98 <!-- INDEX END -->
99
100 <hr />
101 <p>
102 </p>
103 <h1><a name="name">NAME</a></h1>
104 <p>RXVT REFERENCE - FAQ, command sequences and other background information</p>
105 <p>
106 </p>
107 <hr />
108 <h1><a name="synopsis">SYNOPSIS</a></h1>
109 <pre>
110 # set a new font set
111 printf '\33]50;%s\007' 9x15,xft:Kochi&quot; Mincho&quot;</pre>
112 <pre>
113 # change the locale and tell rxvt-unicode about it
114 export LC_CTYPE=ja_JP.EUC-JP; printf &quot;\33]701;$LC_CTYPE\007&quot;</pre>
115 <pre>
116 # set window title
117 printf '\33]2;%s\007' &quot;new window title&quot;</pre>
118 <p>
119 </p>
120 <hr />
121 <h1><a name="description">DESCRIPTION</a></h1>
122 <p>This document contains the FAQ, the RXVT TECHNICAL REFERENCE documenting
123 all escape sequences, and other background information.</p>
124 <p>The newest version of this document is also available on the World Wide Web at
125 <a href="http://cvs.schmorp.de/browse/*checkout*/rxvt-unicode/doc/rxvt.7.html">http://cvs.schmorp.de/browse/*checkout*/rxvt-unicode/doc/rxvt.7.html</a>.</p>
126 <p>
127 </p>
128 <hr />
129 <h1><a name="frequently_asked_questions">FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS</a></h1>
130 <p>
131 </p>
132 <h2><a name="the_new_selection_selects_pieces_that_are_too_big__how_can_i_select_single_words">The new selection selects pieces that are too big, how can I select
133 single words?</a></h2>
134 <p>If you want to select e.g. alphanumeric words, you can use the following
135 setting:</p>
136 <pre>
137 URxvt.selection.pattern-0: ([[:word:]]+)</pre>
138 <p>If you click more than twice, the selection will be extended
139 more and more.</p>
140 <p>To get a selection that is very similar to the old code, try this pattern:</p>
141 <pre>
142 URxvt.selection.pattern-0: ([^&quot;&amp;'()*,;&lt;=&gt;?@[\\\\]^`{|})]+)</pre>
143 <p>Please also note that the <em>LeftClick Shift-LeftClik</em> combination also
144 selects words like the old code.</p>
145 <p>
146 </p>
147 <h2><a name="i_don_t_like_the_new_selection_popups_hotkeys_perl__how_do_i_change_disable_it">I don't like the new selection/popups/hotkeys/perl, how do I
148 change/disable it?</a></h2>
149 <p>You can disable the perl extension completely by setting the
150 <strong>perl-ext-common</strong> resource to the empty string, which also keeps
151 rxvt-unicode from initialising perl, saving memory.</p>
152 <p>If you only want to disable specific features, you first have to
153 identify which perl extension is responsible. For this, read the section
154 <strong>PREPACKAGED EXTENSIONS</strong> in the <code>rxvtperl(3)</code> manpage. For
155 example, to disable the <strong>selection-popup</strong> and <strong>option-popup</strong>, specify
156 this <strong>perl-ext-common</strong> resource:</p>
157 <pre>
158 URxvt.perl-ext-common: default,-selection-popup,-option-popup</pre>
159 <p>This will keep the default extensions, but disable the two popup
160 extensions. Some extensions can also be configured, for example,
161 scrollback search mode is triggered by <strong>M-s</strong>. You can move it to any
162 other combination either by setting the <strong>searchable-scrollback</strong> resource:</p>
163 <pre>
164 URxvt.searchable-scrollback: CM-s</pre>
165 <p>
166 </p>
167 <h3><a name="the_cursor_moves_when_selecting_text_in_the_current_input_line__how_do_i_switch_this_off">The cursor moves when selecting text in the current input line, how
168 do I switch this off?</a></h3>
169 <p>See next entry.</p>
170 <p>
171 </p>
172 <h2><a name="during_rlogin_ssh_telnet_etc__sessions__clicking_near_the_cursor_outputs_strange_escape_sequences__how_do_i_fix_this">During rlogin/ssh/telnet/etc. sessions, clicking near the cursor
173 outputs strange escape sequences, how do I fix this?</a></h2>
174 <p>These are caused by the <code>readline</code> perl extension. Under normal
175 circumstances, it will move your cursor around when you click into the
176 line that contains it. It tries hard not to do this at the wrong moment,
177 but when running a program that doesn't parse cursor movements or in some
178 cases during rlogin sessions, it fails to detect this properly.</p>
179 <p>You can permamently switch this feature off by disabling the <code>readline</code>
180 extension:</p>
181 <pre>
182 URxvt.perl-ext-common: default,-readline</pre>
183 <p>
184 </p>
185 <h2><a name="why_doesn_t_rxvtunicode_read_my_resources">Why doesn't rxvt-unicode read my resources?</a></h2>
186 <p>Well, why, indeed? It does, in a way very similar to other X
187 applications. Most importantly, this means that if you or your OS loads
188 resources into the X display (the right way to do it), rxvt-unicode will
189 ignore any resource files in your home directory. It will only read
190 <em>$HOME/.Xdefaults</em> when no resources are attached to the display.</p>
191 <p>If you have or use an <em>$HOME/.Xresources</em> file, chances are that
192 resources are loaded into your X-server. In this case, you have to
193 re-login after every change (or run <em>xrdb -merge $HOME/.Xresources</em>).</p>
194 <p>Also consider the form resources have to use:</p>
195 <pre>
196 URxvt.resource: value</pre>
197 <p>If you want to use another form (there are lots of different ways of
198 specifying resources), make sure you understand wether and why it
199 works. If unsure, use the form above.</p>
200 <p>
201 </p>
202 <h2><a name="i_can_t_get_transparency_working__what_am_i_doing_wrong">I can't get transparency working, what am I doing wrong?</a></h2>
203 <p>First of all, transparency isn't officially supported in rxvt-unicode, so
204 you are mostly on your own. Do not bug the author about it (but you may
205 bug everybody else). Also, if you can't get it working consider it a rite
206 of passage: ... and you failed.</p>
207 <p>Here are four ways to get transparency. <strong>Do</strong> read the manpage and option
208 descriptions for the programs mentioned and rxvt-unicode. Really, do it!</p>
209 <p>1. Use inheritPixmap:</p>
210 <pre>
211 Esetroot wallpaper.jpg
212 rxvt -ip -tint red -sh 40</pre>
213 <p>That works. If you think it doesn't, you lack transparency and tinting
214 support, or you are unable to read.</p>
215 <p>2. Use a simple pixmap and emulate pseudo-transparency. This enables you
216 to use effects other than tinting and shading: Just shade/tint/whatever
217 your picture with gimp:</p>
218 <pre>
219 convert wallpaper.jpg -blur 20x20 -modulate 30 background.xpm
220 rxvt -pixmap background.xpm -pe automove-background</pre>
221 <p>That works. If you think it doesn't, you lack XPM and Perl support, or you
222 are unable to read.</p>
223 <p>3. Use an ARGB visual:</p>
224 <pre>
225 rxvt -depth 32 -fg grey90 -bg rgba:0000/0000/4444/cccc</pre>
226 <p>This requires XFT support, and the support of your X-server. If that
227 doesn't work for you, blame Xorg and Keith Packard. ARGB visuals aren't
228 there yet, no matter what they claim. Rxvt-Unicode contains the neccessary
229 bugfixes and workarounds for Xft and Xlib to make it work, but that
230 doesn't mean that your WM has the required kludges in place.</p>
231 <p>4. Use xcompmgr and let it do the job:</p>
232 <pre>
233 xprop -frame -f _NET_WM_WINDOW_OPACITY 32c \
234 -set _NET_WM_WINDOW_OPACITY 0xc0000000</pre>
235 <p>Then click on a window you want to make transparent. Replace <code>0xc0000000</code>
236 by other values to change the degree of opacity. If it doesn't work and
237 your server crashes, you got to keep the pieces.</p>
238 <p>
239 </p>
240 <h2><a name="isn_t_rxvt_supposed_to_be_small_don_t_all_those_features_bloat">Isn't rxvt supposed to be small? Don't all those features bloat?</a></h2>
241 <p>I often get asked about this, and I think, no, they didn't cause extra
242 bloat. If you compare a minimal rxvt and a minimal urxvt, you can see
243 that the urxvt binary is larger (due to some encoding tables always being
244 compiled in), but it actually uses less memory (RSS) after startup. Even
245 with <code>--disable-everything</code>, this comparison is a bit unfair, as many
246 features unique to urxvt (locale, encoding conversion, iso14755 etc.) are
247 already in use in this mode.</p>
248 <pre>
249 text data bss drs rss filename
250 98398 1664 24 15695 1824 rxvt --disable-everything
251 188985 9048 66616 18222 1788 urxvt --disable-everything</pre>
252 <p>When you <a href="#item__2d_2denable_2deverything"><code>--enable-everything</code></a> (which _is_ unfair, as this involves xft
253 and full locale/XIM support which are quite bloaty inside libX11 and my
254 libc), the two diverge, but not unreasnobaly so.</p>
255 <pre>
256 text data bss drs rss filename
257 163431 2152 24 20123 2060 rxvt --enable-everything
258 1035683 49680 66648 29096 3680 urxvt --enable-everything</pre>
259 <p>The very large size of the text section is explained by the east-asian
260 encoding tables, which, if unused, take up disk space but nothing else
261 and can be compiled out unless you rely on X11 core fonts that use those
262 encodings. The BSS size comes from the 64k emergency buffer that my c++
263 compiler allocates (but of course doesn't use unless you are out of
264 memory). Also, using an xft font instead of a core font immediately adds a
265 few megabytes of RSS. Xft indeed is responsible for a lot of RSS even when
266 not used.</p>
267 <p>Of course, due to every character using two or four bytes instead of one,
268 a large scrollback buffer will ultimately make rxvt-unicode use more
269 memory.</p>
270 <p>Compared to e.g. Eterm (5112k), aterm (3132k) and xterm (4680k), this
271 still fares rather well. And compared to some monsters like gnome-terminal
272 (21152k + extra 4204k in separate processes) or konsole (22200k + extra
273 43180k in daemons that stay around after exit, plus half a minute of
274 startup time, including the hundreds of warnings it spits out), it fares
275 extremely well *g*.</p>
276 <p>
277 </p>
278 <h2><a name="why_c____isn_t_that_unportable_bloated_uncool">Why C++, isn't that unportable/bloated/uncool?</a></h2>
279 <p>Is this a question? :) It comes up very often. The simple answer is: I had
280 to write it, and C++ allowed me to write and maintain it in a fraction
281 of the time and effort (which is a scarce resource for me). Put even
282 shorter: It simply wouldn't exist without C++.</p>
283 <p>My personal stance on this is that C++ is less portable than C, but in
284 the case of rxvt-unicode this hardly matters, as its portability limits
285 are defined by things like X11, pseudo terminals, locale support and unix
286 domain sockets, which are all less portable than C++ itself.</p>
287 <p>Regarding the bloat, see the above question: It's easy to write programs
288 in C that use gobs of memory, an certainly possible to write programs in
289 C++ that don't. C++ also often comes with large libraries, but this is
290 not necessarily the case with GCC. Here is what rxvt links against on my
291 system with a minimal config:</p>
292 <pre>
293 libX11.so.6 =&gt; /usr/X11R6/lib/libX11.so.6 (0x00002aaaaabc3000)
294 libc.so.6 =&gt; /lib/libc.so.6 (0x00002aaaaadde000)
295 libdl.so.2 =&gt; /lib/libdl.so.2 (0x00002aaaab01d000)
296 /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (0x00002aaaaaaab000)</pre>
297 <p>And here is rxvt-unicode:</p>
298 <pre>
299 libX11.so.6 =&gt; /usr/X11R6/lib/libX11.so.6 (0x00002aaaaabc3000)
300 libgcc_s.so.1 =&gt; /lib/libgcc_s.so.1 (0x00002aaaaada2000)
301 libc.so.6 =&gt; /lib/libc.so.6 (0x00002aaaaaeb0000)
302 libdl.so.2 =&gt; /lib/libdl.so.2 (0x00002aaaab0ee000)
303 /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (0x00002aaaaaaab000)</pre>
304 <p>No large bloated libraries (of course, none were linked in statically),
305 except maybe libX11 :)</p>
306 <p>
307 </p>
308 <h2><a name="does_it_support_tabs__can_i_have_a_tabbed_rxvtunicode">Does it support tabs, can I have a tabbed rxvt-unicode?</a></h2>
309 <p>Beginning with version 7.3, there is a perl extension that implements a
310 simple tabbed terminal. It is installed by default, so any of these should
311 give you tabs:</p>
312 <pre>
313 rxvt -pe tabbed</pre>
314 <pre>
315 URxvt.perl-ext-common: default,tabbed</pre>
316 <p>It will also work fine with tabbing functionality of many window managers
317 or similar tabbing programs, and its embedding-features allow it to be
318 embedded into other programs, as witnessed by <em>doc/rxvt-tabbed</em> or
319 the upcoming <code>Gtk2::URxvt</code> perl module, which features a tabbed urxvt
320 (murxvt) terminal as an example embedding application.</p>
321 <p>
322 </p>
323 <h2><a name="how_do_i_know_which_rxvtunicode_version_i_m_using">How do I know which rxvt-unicode version I'm using?</a></h2>
324 <p>The version number is displayed with the usage (-h). Also the escape
325 sequence <code>ESC [ 8 n</code> sets the window title to the version number. When
326 using the rxvtc client, the version displayed is that of the
327 daemon.</p>
328 <p>
329 </p>
330 <h2><a name="i_am_using_debian_gnu_linux_and_have_a_problem___">I am using Debian GNU/Linux and have a problem...</a></h2>
331 <p>The Debian GNU/Linux package of rxvt-unicode in sarge contains large
332 patches that considerably change the behaviour of rxvt-unicode (but
333 unfortunately this notice has been removed). Before reporting a bug to
334 the original rxvt-unicode author please download and install the genuine
335 version (<a href="http://software.schmorp.de#rxvt-unicode">http://software.schmorp.de#rxvt-unicode</a>) and try to reproduce
336 the problem. If you cannot, chances are that the problems are specific to
337 Debian GNU/Linux, in which case it should be reported via the Debian Bug
338 Tracking System (use <code>reportbug</code> to report the bug).</p>
339 <p>For other problems that also affect the Debian package, you can and
340 probably should use the Debian BTS, too, because, after all, it's also a
341 bug in the Debian version and it serves as a reminder for other users that
342 might encounter the same issue.</p>
343 <p>
344 </p>
345 <h2><a name="i_am_maintaining_rxvtunicode_for_distribution_os_xxx__any_recommendation">I am maintaining rxvt-unicode for distribution/OS XXX, any
346 recommendation?</a></h2>
347 <p>You should build one binary with the default options. <em>configure</em>
348 now enables most useful options, and the trend goes to making them
349 runtime-switchable, too, so there is usually no drawback to enbaling them,
350 except higher disk and possibly memory usage. The perl interpreter should
351 be enabled, as important functionality (menus, selection, likely more in
352 the future) depends on it.</p>
353 <p>You should not overwrite the <code>perl-ext-common</code> snd <code>perl-ext</code> resources
354 system-wide (except maybe with <code>defaults</code>). This will result in useful
355 behaviour. If your distribution aims at low memory, add an empty
356 <code>perl-ext-common</code> resource to the app-defaults file. This will keep the
357 perl interpreter disabled until the user enables it.</p>
358 <p>If you can/want build more binaries, I recommend building a minimal
359 one with <code>--disable-everything</code> (very useful) and a maximal one with
360 <a href="#item__2d_2denable_2deverything"><code>--enable-everything</code></a> (less useful, it will be very big due to a lot of
361 encodings built-in that increase download times and are rarely used).</p>
362 <p>
363 </p>
364 <h2><a name="i_need_to_make_it_setuid_setgid_to_support_utmp_ptys_on_my_os__is_this_safe">I need to make it setuid/setgid to support utmp/ptys on my OS, is this safe?</a></h2>
365 <p>It should be, starting with release 7.1. You are encouraged to properly
366 install urxvt with privileges necessary for your OS now.</p>
367 <p>When rxvt-unicode detects that it runs setuid or setgid, it will fork
368 into a helper process for privileged operations (pty handling on some
369 systems, utmp/wtmp/lastlog handling on others) and drop privileges
370 immediately. This is much safer than most other terminals that keep
371 privileges while running (but is more relevant to urxvt, as it contains
372 things as perl interpreters, which might be ``helpful'' to attackers).</p>
373 <p>This forking is done as the very first within main(), which is very early
374 and reduces possible bugs to initialisation code run before main(), or
375 things like the dynamic loader of your system, which should result in very
376 little risk.</p>
377 <p>
378 </p>
379 <h2><a name="when_i_login_to_another_system_it_tells_me_about_missing_terminfo_data">When I log-in to another system it tells me about missing terminfo data?</a></h2>
380 <p>The terminal description used by rxvt-unicode is not as widely available
381 as that for xterm, or even rxvt (for which the same problem often arises).</p>
382 <p>The correct solution for this problem is to install the terminfo, this can
383 be done like this (with ncurses' infocmp):</p>
384 <pre>
385 REMOTE=remotesystem.domain
386 infocmp rxvt-unicode | ssh $REMOTE &quot;cat &gt;/tmp/ti &amp;&amp; tic /tmp/ti&quot;</pre>
387 <p>... or by installing rxvt-unicode normally on the remote system,</p>
388 <p>If you cannot or do not want to do this, then you can simply set
389 <code>TERM=rxvt</code> or even <code>TERM=xterm</code>, and live with the small number of
390 problems arising, which includes wrong keymapping, less and different
391 colours and some refresh errors in fullscreen applications. It's a nice
392 quick-and-dirty workaround for rare cases, though.</p>
393 <p>If you always want to do this (and are fine with the consequences) you
394 can either recompile rxvt-unicode with the desired TERM value or use a
395 resource to set it:</p>
396 <pre>
397 URxvt.termName: rxvt</pre>
398 <p>If you don't plan to use <strong>rxvt</strong> (quite common...) you could also replace
399 the rxvt terminfo file with the rxvt-unicode one.</p>
400 <p>
401 </p>
402 <h2><a name="tic_outputs_some_error_when_compiling_the_terminfo_entry_"><code>tic</code> outputs some error when compiling the terminfo entry.</a></h2>
403 <p>Most likely it's the empty definition for <code>enacs=</code>. Just replace it by
404 <code>enacs=\E[0@</code> and try again.</p>
405 <p>
406 </p>
407 <h2><a name="bash_s_readline_does_not_work_correctly_under_rxvt_"><code>bash</code>'s readline does not work correctly under rxvt.</a></h2>
408 <p>See next entry.</p>
409 <p>
410 </p>
411 <h2><a name="i_need_a_termcap_file_entry_">I need a termcap file entry.</a></h2>
412 <p>One reason you might want this is that some distributions or operating
413 systems still compile some programs using the long-obsoleted termcap
414 library (Fedora Core's bash is one example) and rely on a termcap entry
415 for <code>rxvt-unicode</code>.</p>
416 <p>You could use rxvt's termcap entry with resonable results in many cases.
417 You can also create a termcap entry by using terminfo's infocmp program
418 like this:</p>
419 <pre>
420 infocmp -C rxvt-unicode</pre>
421 <p>Or you could use this termcap entry, generated by the command above:</p>
422 <pre>
423 rxvt-unicode|rxvt-unicode terminal (X Window System):\
424 :am:bw:eo:km:mi:ms:xn:xo:\
425 :co#80:it#8:li#24:lm#0:\
426 :AL=\E[%dL:DC=\E[%dP:DL=\E[%dM:DO=\E[%dB:IC=\E[%d@:\
427 :K1=\EOw:K2=\EOu:K3=\EOy:K4=\EOq:K5=\EOs:LE=\E[%dD:\
428 :RI=\E[%dC:SF=\E[%dS:SR=\E[%dT:UP=\E[%dA:ae=\E(B:al=\E[L:\
429 :as=\E(0:bl=^G:cd=\E[J:ce=\E[K:cl=\E[H\E[2J:\
430 :cm=\E[%i%d;%dH:cr=^M:cs=\E[%i%d;%dr:ct=\E[3g:dc=\E[P:\
431 :dl=\E[M:do=^J:ec=\E[%dX:ei=\E[4l:ho=\E[H:\
432 :i1=\E[?47l\E=\E[?1l:ic=\E[@:im=\E[4h:\
433 :is=\E[r\E[m\E[2J\E[H\E[?7h\E[?1;3;4;6l\E[4l:\
434 :k1=\E[11~:k2=\E[12~:k3=\E[13~:k4=\E[14~:k5=\E[15~:\
435 :k6=\E[17~:k7=\E[18~:k8=\E[19~:k9=\E[20~:kD=\E[3~:\
436 :kI=\E[2~:kN=\E[6~:kP=\E[5~:kb=\177:kd=\EOB:ke=\E[?1l\E&gt;:\
437 :kh=\E[7~:kl=\EOD:kr=\EOC:ks=\E[?1h\E=:ku=\EOA:le=^H:\
438 :mb=\E[5m:md=\E[1m:me=\E[m\017:mr=\E[7m:nd=\E[C:rc=\E8:\
439 :sc=\E7:se=\E[27m:sf=^J:so=\E[7m:sr=\EM:st=\EH:ta=^I:\
440 :te=\E[r\E[?1049l:ti=\E[?1049h:ue=\E[24m:up=\E[A:\
441 :us=\E[4m:vb=\E[?5h\E[?5l:ve=\E[?25h:vi=\E[?25l:\
442 :vs=\E[?25h:</pre>
443 <p>
444 </p>
445 <h2><a name="why_does_ls_no_longer_have_coloured_output">Why does <code>ls</code> no longer have coloured output?</a></h2>
446 <p>The <code>ls</code> in the GNU coreutils unfortunately doesn't use terminfo to
447 decide wether a terminal has colour, but uses it's own configuration
448 file. Needless to say, <code>rxvt-unicode</code> is not in it's default file (among
449 with most other terminals supporting colour). Either add:</p>
450 <pre>
451 TERM rxvt-unicode</pre>
452 <p>to <code>/etc/DIR_COLORS</code> or simply add:</p>
453 <pre>
454 alias ls='ls --color=auto'</pre>
455 <p>to your <code>.profile</code> or <code>.bashrc</code>.</p>
456 <p>
457 </p>
458 <h2><a name="why_doesn_t_vim_emacs_etc__use_the_88_colour_mode">Why doesn't vim/emacs etc. use the 88 colour mode?</a></h2>
459 <p>See next entry.</p>
460 <p>
461 </p>
462 <h2><a name="why_doesn_t_vim_emacs_etc__make_use_of_italic">Why doesn't vim/emacs etc. make use of italic?</a></h2>
463 <p>See next entry.</p>
464 <p>
465 </p>
466 <h2><a name="why_are_the_secondary_screenrelated_options_not_working_properly">Why are the secondary screen-related options not working properly?</a></h2>
467 <p>Make sure you are using <code>TERM=rxvt-unicode</code>. Some pre-packaged
468 distributions (most notably Debian GNU/Linux) break rxvt-unicode
469 by setting <code>TERM</code> to <code>rxvt</code>, which doesn't have these extra
470 features. Unfortunately, some of these (most notably, again, Debian
471 GNU/Linux) furthermore fail to even install the <code>rxvt-unicode</code> terminfo
472 file, so you will need to install it on your own (See the question <strong>When
473 I log-in to another system it tells me about missing terminfo data?</strong> on
474 how to do this).</p>
475 <p>
476 </p>
477 <h2><a name="my_numerical_keypad_acts_weird_and_generates_differing_output">My numerical keypad acts weird and generates differing output?</a></h2>
478 <p>Some Debian GNUL/Linux users seem to have this problem, although no
479 specific details were reported so far. It is possible that this is caused
480 by the wrong <code>TERM</code> setting, although the details of wether and how
481 this can happen are unknown, as <code>TERM=rxvt</code> should offer a compatible
482 keymap. See the answer to the previous question, and please report if that
483 helped.</p>
484 <p>
485 </p>
486 <h2><a name="rxvtunicode_does_not_seem_to_understand_the_selected_encoding">Rxvt-unicode does not seem to understand the selected encoding?</a></h2>
487 <p>See next entry.</p>
488 <p>
489 </p>
490 <h2><a name="unicode_does_not_seem_to_work">Unicode does not seem to work?</a></h2>
491 <p>If you encounter strange problems like typing an accented character but
492 getting two unrelated other characters or similar, or if program output is
493 subtly garbled, then you should check your locale settings.</p>
494 <p>Rxvt-unicode must be started with the same <code>LC_CTYPE</code> setting as the
495 programs. Often rxvt-unicode is started in the <a href="#item_c"><code>C</code></a> locale, while the
496 login script running within the rxvt-unicode window changes the locale to
497 something else, e.g. <code>en_GB.UTF-8</code>. Needless to say, this is not going to work.</p>
498 <p>The best thing is to fix your startup environment, as you will likely run
499 into other problems. If nothing works you can try this in your .profile.</p>
500 <pre>
501 printf '\e]701;%s\007' &quot;$LC_CTYPE&quot;</pre>
502 <p>If this doesn't work, then maybe you use a <code>LC_CTYPE</code> specification not
503 supported on your systems. Some systems have a <code>locale</code> command which
504 displays this (also, <code>perl -e0</code> can be used to check locale settings, as
505 it will complain loudly if it cannot set the locale). If it displays something
506 like:</p>
507 <pre>
508 locale: Cannot set LC_CTYPE to default locale: ...</pre>
509 <p>Then the locale you specified is not supported on your system.</p>
510 <p>If nothing works and you are sure that everything is set correctly then
511 you will need to remember a little known fact: Some programs just don't
512 support locales :(</p>
513 <p>
514 </p>
515 <h2><a name="why_do_some_characters_look_so_much_different_than_others">Why do some characters look so much different than others?</a></h2>
516 <p>See next entry.</p>
517 <p>
518 </p>
519 <h2><a name="how_does_rxvtunicode_choose_fonts">How does rxvt-unicode choose fonts?</a></h2>
520 <p>Most fonts do not contain the full range of Unicode, which is
521 fine. Chances are that the font you (or the admin/package maintainer of
522 your system/os) have specified does not cover all the characters you want
523 to display.</p>
524 <p><strong>rxvt-unicode</strong> makes a best-effort try at finding a replacement
525 font. Often the result is fine, but sometimes the chosen font looks
526 bad/ugly/wrong. Some fonts have totally strange characters that don't
527 resemble the correct glyph at all, and rxvt-unicode lacks the artificial
528 intelligence to detect that a specific glyph is wrong: it has to believe
529 the font that the characters it claims to contain indeed look correct.</p>
530 <p>In that case, select a font of your taste and add it to the font list,
531 e.g.:</p>
532 <pre>
533 rxvt -fn basefont,font2,font3...</pre>
534 <p>When rxvt-unicode sees a character, it will first look at the base
535 font. If the base font does not contain the character, it will go to the
536 next font, and so on. Specifying your own fonts will also speed up this
537 search and use less resources within rxvt-unicode and the X-server.</p>
538 <p>The only limitation is that none of the fonts may be larger than the base
539 font, as the base font defines the terminal character cell size, which
540 must be the same due to the way terminals work.</p>
541 <p>
542 </p>
543 <h2><a name="why_do_some_chinese_characters_look_so_different_than_others">Why do some chinese characters look so different than others?</a></h2>
544 <p>This is because there is a difference between script and language --
545 rxvt-unicode does not know which language the text that is output is,
546 as it only knows the unicode character codes. If rxvt-unicode first
547 sees a japanese/chinese character, it might choose a japanese font for
548 display. Subsequent japanese characters will use that font. Now, many
549 chinese characters aren't represented in japanese fonts, so when the first
550 non-japanese character comes up, rxvt-unicode will look for a chinese font
551 -- unfortunately at this point, it will still use the japanese font for
552 chinese characters that are also in the japanese font.</p>
553 <p>The workaround is easy: just tag a chinese font at the end of your font
554 list (see the previous question). The key is to view the font list as
555 a preference list: If you expect more japanese, list a japanese font
556 first. If you expect more chinese, put a chinese font first.</p>
557 <p>In the future it might be possible to switch language preferences at
558 runtime (the internal data structure has no problem with using different
559 fonts for the same character at the same time, but no interface for this
560 has been designed yet).</p>
561 <p>Until then, you might get away with switching fonts at runtime (see <a href="#can_i_switch_the_fonts_at_runtime">Can I switch the fonts at runtime?</a> later in this document).</p>
562 <p>
563 </p>
564 <h2><a name="why_does_rxvtunicode_sometimes_leave_pixel_droppings">Why does rxvt-unicode sometimes leave pixel droppings?</a></h2>
565 <p>Most fonts were not designed for terminal use, which means that character
566 size varies a lot. A font that is otherwise fine for terminal use might
567 contain some characters that are simply too wide. Rxvt-unicode will avoid
568 these characters. For characters that are just ``a bit'' too wide a special
569 ``careful'' rendering mode is used that redraws adjacent characters.</p>
570 <p>All of this requires that fonts do not lie about character sizes,
571 however: Xft fonts often draw glyphs larger than their acclaimed bounding
572 box, and rxvt-unicode has no way of detecting this (the correct way is to
573 ask for the character bounding box, which unfortunately is wrong in these
574 cases).</p>
575 <p>It's not clear (to me at least), wether this is a bug in Xft, freetype,
576 or the respective font. If you encounter this problem you might try using
577 the <code>-lsp</code> option to give the font more height. If that doesn't work, you
578 might be forced to use a different font.</p>
579 <p>All of this is not a problem when using X11 core fonts, as their bounding
580 box data is correct.</p>
581 <p>
582 </p>
583 <h2><a name="on_solaris_9__many_linedrawing_characters_are_too_wide_">On Solaris 9, many line-drawing characters are too wide.</a></h2>
584 <p>Seems to be a known bug, read
585 <a href="http://nixdoc.net/files/forum/about34198.html">http://nixdoc.net/files/forum/about34198.html</a>. Some people use the
586 following ugly workaround to get non-double-wide-characters working:</p>
587 <pre>
588 #define wcwidth(x) wcwidth(x) &gt; 1 ? 1 : wcwidth(x)</pre>
589 <p>
590 </p>
591 <h2><a name="my_compose__multi_key__key_is_no_longer_working_">My Compose (Multi_key) key is no longer working.</a></h2>
592 <p>The most common causes for this are that either your locale is not set
593 correctly, or you specified a <strong>preeditStyle</strong> that is not supported by
594 your input method. For example, if you specified <strong>OverTheSpot</strong> and
595 your input method (e.g. the default input method handling Compose keys)
596 does not support this (for instance because it is not visual), then
597 rxvt-unicode will continue without an input method.</p>
598 <p>In this case either do not specify a <strong>preeditStyle</strong> or specify more than
599 one pre-edit style, such as <strong>OverTheSpot,Root,None</strong>.</p>
600 <p>
601 </p>
602 <h2><a name="i_cannot_type_ctrlshift2_to_get_an_ascii_nul_character_due_to_iso_14755">I cannot type <code>Ctrl-Shift-2</code> to get an ASCII NUL character due to ISO 14755</a></h2>
603 <p>Either try <code>Ctrl-2</code> alone (it often is mapped to ASCII NUL even on
604 international keyboards) or simply use ISO 14755 support to your
605 advantage, typing &lt;Ctrl-Shift-0&gt; to get a ASCII NUL. This works for other
606 codes, too, such as <code>Ctrl-Shift-1-d</code> to type the default telnet escape
607 character and so on.</p>
608 <p>
609 </p>
610 <h2><a name="how_can_i_keep_rxvtunicode_from_using_reverse_video_so_much">How can I keep rxvt-unicode from using reverse video so much?</a></h2>
611 <p>First of all, make sure you are running with the right terminal settings
612 (<code>TERM=rxvt-unicode</code>), which will get rid of most of these effects. Then
613 make sure you have specified colours for italic and bold, as otherwise
614 rxvt-unicode might use reverse video to simulate the effect:</p>
615 <pre>
616 URxvt.colorBD: white
617 URxvt.colorIT: green</pre>
618 <p>
619 </p>
620 <h2><a name="some_programs_assume_totally_weird_colours__red_instead_of_blue___how_can_i_fix_that">Some programs assume totally weird colours (red instead of blue), how can I fix that?</a></h2>
621 <p>For some unexplainable reason, some rare programs assume a very weird
622 colour palette when confronted with a terminal with more than the standard
623 8 colours (rxvt-unicode supports 88). The right fix is, of course, to fix
624 these programs not to assume non-ISO colours without very good reasons.</p>
625 <p>In the meantime, you can either edit your <code>rxvt-unicode</code> terminfo
626 definition to only claim 8 colour support or use <code>TERM=rxvt</code>, which will
627 fix colours but keep you from using other rxvt-unicode features.</p>
628 <p>
629 </p>
630 <h2><a name="i_am_on_freebsd_and_rxvtunicode_does_not_seem_to_work_at_all_">I am on FreeBSD and rxvt-unicode does not seem to work at all.</a></h2>
631 <p>Rxvt-unicode requires the symbol <code>__STDC_ISO_10646__</code> to be defined
632 in your compile environment, or an implementation that implements it,
633 wether it defines the symbol or not. <code>__STDC_ISO_10646__</code> requires that
634 <strong>wchar_t</strong> is represented as unicode.</p>
635 <p>As you might have guessed, FreeBSD does neither define this symobl nor
636 does it support it. Instead, it uses it's own internal representation of
637 <strong>wchar_t</strong>. This is, of course, completely fine with respect to standards.</p>
638 <p>However, that means rxvt-unicode only works in <code>POSIX</code>, <code>ISO-8859-1</code> and
639 <code>UTF-8</code> locales under FreeBSD (which all use Unicode as <strong>wchar_t</strong>.</p>
640 <p><code>__STDC_ISO_10646__</code> is the only sane way to support multi-language
641 apps in an OS, as using a locale-dependent (and non-standardized)
642 representation of <strong>wchar_t</strong> makes it impossible to convert between
643 <strong>wchar_t</strong> (as used by X11 and your applications) and any other encoding
644 without implementing OS-specific-wrappers for each and every locale. There
645 simply are no APIs to convert <strong>wchar_t</strong> into anything except the current
646 locale encoding.</p>
647 <p>Some applications (such as the formidable <strong>mlterm</strong>) work around this
648 by carrying their own replacement functions for character set handling
649 with them, and either implementing OS-dependent hacks or doing multiple
650 conversions (which is slow and unreliable in case the OS implements
651 encodings slightly different than the terminal emulator).</p>
652 <p>The rxvt-unicode author insists that the right way to fix this is in the
653 system libraries once and for all, instead of forcing every app to carry
654 complete replacements for them :)</p>
655 <p>
656 </p>
657 <h2><a name="i_use_solaris_9_and_it_doesn_t_compile_work_etc_">I use Solaris 9 and it doesn't compile/work/etc.</a></h2>
658 <p>Try the diff in <em>doc/solaris9.patch</em> as a base. It fixes the worst
659 problems with <code>wcwidth</code> and a compile problem.</p>
660 <p>
661 </p>
662 <h2><a name="how_can_i_use_rxvtunicode_under_cygwin">How can I use rxvt-unicode under cygwin?</a></h2>
663 <p>rxvt-unicode should compile and run out of the box on cygwin, using
664 the X11 libraries that come with cygwin. libW11 emulation is no
665 longer supported (and makes no sense, either, as it only supported a
666 single font). I recommend starting the X-server in <code>-multiwindow</code> or
667 <code>-rootless</code> mode instead, which will result in similar look&amp;feel as the
668 old libW11 emulation.</p>
669 <p>At the time of this writing, cygwin didn't seem to support any multi-byte
670 encodings (you might try <code>LC_CTYPE=C-UTF-8</code>), so you are likely limited
671 to 8-bit encodings.</p>
672 <p>
673 </p>
674 <h2><a name="how_does_rxvtunicode_determine_the_encoding_to_use">How does rxvt-unicode determine the encoding to use?</a></h2>
675 <p>See next entry.</p>
676 <p>
677 </p>
678 <h2><a name="is_there_an_option_to_switch_encodings">Is there an option to switch encodings?</a></h2>
679 <p>Unlike some other terminals, rxvt-unicode has no encoding switch, and no
680 specific ``utf-8'' mode, such as xterm. In fact, it doesn't even know about
681 UTF-8 or any other encodings with respect to terminal I/O.</p>
682 <p>The reasons is that there exists a perfectly fine mechanism for selecting
683 the encoding, doing I/O and (most important) communicating this to all
684 applications so everybody agrees on character properties such as width
685 and code number. This mechanism is the <em>locale</em>. Applications not using
686 that info will have problems (for example, <code>xterm</code> gets the width of
687 characters wrong as it uses it's own, locale-independent table under all
688 locales).</p>
689 <p>Rxvt-unicode uses the <code>LC_CTYPE</code> locale category to select encoding. All
690 programs doing the same (that is, most) will automatically agree in the
691 interpretation of characters.</p>
692 <p>Unfortunately, there is no system-independent way to select locales, nor
693 is there a standard on how locale specifiers will look like.</p>
694 <p>On most systems, the content of the <code>LC_CTYPE</code> environment variable
695 contains an arbitrary string which corresponds to an already-installed
696 locale. Common names for locales are <code>en_US.UTF-8</code>, <code>de_DE.ISO-8859-15</code>,
697 <code>ja_JP.EUC-JP</code>, i.e. <code>language_country.encoding</code>, but other forms
698 (i.e. <code>de</code> or <code>german</code>) are also common.</p>
699 <p>Rxvt-unicode ignores all other locale categories, and except for
700 the encoding, ignores country or language-specific settings,
701 i.e. <code>de_DE.UTF-8</code> and <code>ja_JP.UTF-8</code> are the normally same to
702 rxvt-unicode.</p>
703 <p>If you want to use a specific encoding you have to make sure you start
704 rxvt-unicode with the correct <code>LC_CTYPE</code> category.</p>
705 <p>
706 </p>
707 <h2><a name="can_i_switch_locales_at_runtime">Can I switch locales at runtime?</a></h2>
708 <p>Yes, using an escape sequence. Try something like this, which sets
709 rxvt-unicode's idea of <code>LC_CTYPE</code>.</p>
710 <pre>
711 printf '\e]701;%s\007' ja_JP.SJIS</pre>
712 <p>See also the previous answer.</p>
713 <p>Sometimes this capability is rather handy when you want to work in
714 one locale (e.g. <code>de_DE.UTF-8</code>) but some programs don't support it
715 (e.g. UTF-8). For example, I use this script to start <code>xjdic</code>, which
716 first switches to a locale supported by xjdic and back later:</p>
717 <pre>
718 printf '\e]701;%s\007' ja_JP.SJIS
719 xjdic -js
720 printf '\e]701;%s\007' de_DE.UTF-8</pre>
721 <p>You can also use xterm's <code>luit</code> program, which usually works fine, except
722 for some locales where character width differs between program- and
723 rxvt-unicode-locales.</p>
724 <p>
725 </p>
726 <h2><a name="can_i_switch_the_fonts_at_runtime">Can I switch the fonts at runtime?</a></h2>
727 <p>Yes, using an escape sequence. Try something like this, which has the same
728 effect as using the <code>-fn</code> switch, and takes effect immediately:</p>
729 <pre>
730 printf '\e]50;%s\007' &quot;9x15bold,xft:Kochi Gothic&quot;</pre>
731 <p>This is useful if you e.g. work primarily with japanese (and prefer a
732 japanese font), but you have to switch to chinese temporarily, where
733 japanese fonts would only be in your way.</p>
734 <p>You can think of this as a kind of manual ISO-2022 switching.</p>
735 <p>
736 </p>
737 <h2><a name="why_do_italic_characters_look_as_if_clipped">Why do italic characters look as if clipped?</a></h2>
738 <p>Many fonts have difficulties with italic characters and hinting. For
739 example, the otherwise very nicely hinted font <code>xft:Bitstream Vera Sans
740 Mono</code> completely fails in it's italic face. A workaround might be to
741 enable freetype autohinting, i.e. like this:</p>
742 <pre>
743 URxvt.italicFont: xft:Bitstream Vera Sans Mono:italic:autohint=true
744 URxvt.boldItalicFont: xft:Bitstream Vera Sans Mono:bold:italic:autohint=true</pre>
745 <p>
746 </p>
747 <h2><a name="my_input_method_wants__some_encoding__but_i_want_utf8__what_can_i_do">My input method wants &lt;some encoding&gt; but I want UTF-8, what can I do?</a></h2>
748 <p>You can specify separate locales for the input method and the rest of the
749 terminal, using the resource <code>imlocale</code>:</p>
750 <pre>
751 URxvt.imlocale: ja_JP.EUC-JP</pre>
752 <p>Now you can start your terminal with <code>LC_CTYPE=ja_JP.UTF-8</code> and still
753 use your input method. Please note, however, that you will not be able to
754 input characters outside <code>EUC-JP</code> in a normal way then, as your input
755 method limits you.</p>
756 <p>
757 </p>
758 <h2><a name="rxvtunicode_crashes_when_the_x_input_method_changes_or_exits_">Rxvt-unicode crashes when the X Input Method changes or exits.</a></h2>
759 <p>Unfortunately, this is unavoidable, as the XIM protocol is racy by
760 design. Applications can avoid some crashes at the expense of memory
761 leaks, and Input Methods can avoid some crashes by careful ordering at
762 exit time. <strong>kinput2</strong> (and derived input methods) generally succeeds,
763 while <strong>SCIM</strong> (or similar input methods) fails. In the end, however,
764 crashes cannot be completely avoided even if both sides cooperate.</p>
765 <p>So the only workaround is not to kill your Input Method Servers.</p>
766 <p>
767 </p>
768 <h2><a name="rxvtunicode_uses_gobs_of_memory__how_can_i_reduce_that">Rxvt-unicode uses gobs of memory, how can I reduce that?</a></h2>
769 <p>Rxvt-unicode tries to obey the rule of not charging you for something you
770 don't use. One thing you should try is to configure out all settings that
771 you don't need, for example, Xft support is a resource hog by design,
772 when used. Compiling it out ensures that no Xft font will be loaded
773 accidentally when rxvt-unicode tries to find a font for your characters.</p>
774 <p>Also, many people (me included) like large windows and even larger
775 scrollback buffers: Without <code>--enable-unicode3</code>, rxvt-unicode will use
776 6 bytes per screen cell. For a 160x?? window this amounts to almost a
777 kilobyte per line. A scrollback buffer of 10000 lines will then (if full)
778 use 10 Megabytes of memory. With <code>--enable-unicode3</code> it gets worse, as
779 rxvt-unicode then uses 8 bytes per screen cell.</p>
780 <p>
781 </p>
782 <h2><a name="can_i_speed_up_xft_rendering_somehow">Can I speed up Xft rendering somehow?</a></h2>
783 <p>Yes, the most obvious way to speed it up is to avoid Xft entirely, as
784 it is simply slow. If you still want Xft fonts you might try to disable
785 antialiasing (by appending <code>:antialias=false</code>), which saves lots of
786 memory and also speeds up rendering considerably.</p>
787 <p>
788 </p>
789 <h2><a name="rxvtunicode_doesn_t_seem_to_antialias_its_fonts__what_is_wrong">Rxvt-unicode doesn't seem to anti-alias its fonts, what is wrong?</a></h2>
790 <p>Rxvt-unicode will use whatever you specify as a font. If it needs to
791 fall back to it's default font search list it will prefer X11 core
792 fonts, because they are small and fast, and then use Xft fonts. It has
793 antialiasing disabled for most of them, because the author thinks they
794 look best that way.</p>
795 <p>If you want antialiasing, you have to specify the fonts manually.</p>
796 <p>
797 </p>
798 <h2><a name="mouse_cut_paste_suddenly_no_longer_works_">Mouse cut/paste suddenly no longer works.</a></h2>
799 <p>Make sure that mouse reporting is actually turned off since killing
800 some editors prematurely may leave the mouse in mouse report mode. I've
801 heard that tcsh may use mouse reporting unless it otherwise specified. A
802 quick check is to see if cut/paste works when the Alt or Shift keys are
803 depressed.</p>
804 <p>
805 </p>
806 <h2><a name="what_s_with_this_bold_blink_stuff">What's with this bold/blink stuff?</a></h2>
807 <p>If no bold colour is set via <code>colorBD:</code>, bold will invert text using the
808 standard foreground colour.</p>
809 <p>For the standard background colour, blinking will actually make the
810 text blink when compiled with <code>--enable-blinking</code>. with standard
811 colours. Without <code>--enable-blinking</code>, the blink attribute will be
812 ignored.</p>
813 <p>On ANSI colours, bold/blink attributes are used to set high-intensity
814 foreground/background colors.</p>
815 <p>color0-7 are the low-intensity colors.</p>
816 <p>color8-15 are the corresponding high-intensity colors.</p>
817 <p>
818 </p>
819 <h2><a name="i_don_t_like_the_screen_colors__how_do_i_change_them">I don't like the screen colors. How do I change them?</a></h2>
820 <p>You can change the screen colors at run-time using <em>~/.Xdefaults</em>
821 resources (or as long-options).</p>
822 <p>Here are values that are supposed to resemble a VGA screen,
823 including the murky brown that passes for low-intensity yellow:</p>
824 <pre>
825 URxvt.color0: #000000
826 URxvt.color1: #A80000
827 URxvt.color2: #00A800
828 URxvt.color3: #A8A800
829 URxvt.color4: #0000A8
830 URxvt.color5: #A800A8
831 URxvt.color6: #00A8A8
832 URxvt.color7: #A8A8A8</pre>
833 <pre>
834 URxvt.color8: #000054
835 URxvt.color9: #FF0054
836 URxvt.color10: #00FF54
837 URxvt.color11: #FFFF54
838 URxvt.color12: #0000FF
839 URxvt.color13: #FF00FF
840 URxvt.color14: #00FFFF
841 URxvt.color15: #FFFFFF</pre>
842 <p>And here is a more complete set of non-standard colors described (not by
843 me) as ``pretty girly''.</p>
844 <pre>
845 URxvt.cursorColor: #dc74d1
846 URxvt.pointerColor: #dc74d1
847 URxvt.background: #0e0e0e
848 URxvt.foreground: #4ad5e1
849 URxvt.color0: #000000
850 URxvt.color8: #8b8f93
851 URxvt.color1: #dc74d1
852 URxvt.color9: #dc74d1
853 URxvt.color2: #0eb8c7
854 URxvt.color10: #0eb8c7
855 URxvt.color3: #dfe37e
856 URxvt.color11: #dfe37e
857 URxvt.color5: #9e88f0
858 URxvt.color13: #9e88f0
859 URxvt.color6: #73f7ff
860 URxvt.color14: #73f7ff
861 URxvt.color7: #e1dddd
862 URxvt.color15: #e1dddd</pre>
863 <p>
864 </p>
865 <h2><a name="how_can_i_start_rxvtd_in_a_racefree_way">How can I start rxvtd in a race-free way?</a></h2>
866 <p>Try <code>rxvtd -f -o</code>, which tells rxvtd to open the
867 display, create the listening socket and then fork.</p>
868 <p>
869 </p>
870 <h2><a name="what_s_with_the_strange_backspace_delete_key_behaviour">What's with the strange Backspace/Delete key behaviour?</a></h2>
871 <p>Assuming that the physical Backspace key corresponds to the
872 BackSpace keysym (not likely for Linux ... see the following
873 question) there are two standard values that can be used for
874 Backspace: <code>^H</code> and <code>^?</code>.</p>
875 <p>Historically, either value is correct, but rxvt-unicode adopts the debian
876 policy of using <code>^?</code> when unsure, because it's the one only only correct
877 choice :).</p>
878 <p>Rxvt-unicode tries to inherit the current stty settings and uses the value
879 of `erase' to guess the value for backspace. If rxvt-unicode wasn't
880 started from a terminal (say, from a menu or by remote shell), then the
881 system value of `erase', which corresponds to CERASE in &lt;termios.h&gt;, will
882 be used (which may not be the same as your stty setting).</p>
883 <p>For starting a new rxvt-unicode:</p>
884 <pre>
885 # use Backspace = ^H
886 $ stty erase ^H
887 $ rxvt</pre>
888 <pre>
889 # use Backspace = ^?
890 $ stty erase ^?
891 $ rxvt</pre>
892 <p>Toggle with <code>ESC [ 36 h</code> / <code>ESC [ 36 l</code>.</p>
893 <p>For an existing rxvt-unicode:</p>
894 <pre>
895 # use Backspace = ^H
896 $ stty erase ^H
897 $ echo -n &quot;^[[36h&quot;</pre>
898 <pre>
899 # use Backspace = ^?
900 $ stty erase ^?
901 $ echo -n &quot;^[[36l&quot;</pre>
902 <p>This helps satisfy some of the Backspace discrepancies that occur, but
903 if you use Backspace = <code>^H</code>, make sure that the termcap/terminfo value
904 properly reflects that.</p>
905 <p>The Delete key is a another casualty of the ill-defined Backspace problem.
906 To avoid confusion between the Backspace and Delete keys, the Delete
907 key has been assigned an escape sequence to match the vt100 for Execute
908 (<code>ESC [ 3 ~</code>) and is in the supplied termcap/terminfo.</p>
909 <p>Some other Backspace problems:</p>
910 <p>some editors use termcap/terminfo,
911 some editors (vim I'm told) expect Backspace = ^H,
912 GNU Emacs (and Emacs-like editors) use ^H for help.</p>
913 <p>Perhaps someday this will all be resolved in a consistent manner.</p>
914 <p>
915 </p>
916 <h2><a name="i_don_t_like_the_keybindings__how_do_i_change_them">I don't like the key-bindings. How do I change them?</a></h2>
917 <p>There are some compile-time selections available via configure. Unless
918 you have run ``configure'' with the <a href="#item__2d_2ddisable_2dresources"><code>--disable-resources</code></a> option you can
919 use the `keysym' resource to alter the keystrings associated with keysyms.</p>
920 <p>Here's an example for a URxvt session started using <code>rxvt -name URxvt</code></p>
921 <pre>
922 URxvt.keysym.Home: \033[1~
923 URxvt.keysym.End: \033[4~
924 URxvt.keysym.C-apostrophe: \033&lt;C-'&gt;
925 URxvt.keysym.C-slash: \033&lt;C-/&gt;
926 URxvt.keysym.C-semicolon: \033&lt;C-;&gt;
927 URxvt.keysym.C-grave: \033&lt;C-`&gt;
928 URxvt.keysym.C-comma: \033&lt;C-,&gt;
929 URxvt.keysym.C-period: \033&lt;C-.&gt;
930 URxvt.keysym.C-0x60: \033&lt;C-`&gt;
931 URxvt.keysym.C-Tab: \033&lt;C-Tab&gt;
932 URxvt.keysym.C-Return: \033&lt;C-Return&gt;
933 URxvt.keysym.S-Return: \033&lt;S-Return&gt;
934 URxvt.keysym.S-space: \033&lt;S-Space&gt;
935 URxvt.keysym.M-Up: \033&lt;M-Up&gt;
936 URxvt.keysym.M-Down: \033&lt;M-Down&gt;
937 URxvt.keysym.M-Left: \033&lt;M-Left&gt;
938 URxvt.keysym.M-Right: \033&lt;M-Right&gt;
939 URxvt.keysym.M-C-0: list \033&lt;M-C- 0123456789 &gt;
940 URxvt.keysym.M-C-a: list \033&lt;M-C- abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz &gt;
941 URxvt.keysym.F12: command:\033]701;zh_CN.GBK\007</pre>
942 <p>See some more examples in the documentation for the <strong>keysym</strong> resource.</p>
943 <p>
944 </p>
945 <h2><a name="i_m_using_keyboard_model_xxx_that_has_extra_prior_next_insert_keys__how_do_i_make_use_of_them_for_example__the_sun_keyboard_type_4_has_the_following_mappings_that_rxvtunicode_doesn_t_recognize_">I'm using keyboard model XXX that has extra Prior/Next/Insert keys.
946 How do I make use of them? For example, the Sun Keyboard type 4
947 has the following mappings that rxvt-unicode doesn't recognize.</a></h2>
948 <pre>
949 KP_Insert == Insert
950 F22 == Print
951 F27 == Home
952 F29 == Prior
953 F33 == End
954 F35 == Next</pre>
955 <p>Rather than have rxvt-unicode try to accommodate all the various possible
956 keyboard mappings, it is better to use `xmodmap' to remap the keys as
957 required for your particular machine.</p>
958 <p>
959 </p>
960 <h2><a name="how_do_i_distinguish_wether_i_m_running_rxvtunicode_or_a_regular_xterm_i_need_this_to_decide_about_setting_colors_etc_">How do I distinguish wether I'm running rxvt-unicode or a regular xterm?
961 I need this to decide about setting colors etc.</a></h2>
962 <p>rxvt and rxvt-unicode always export the variable ``COLORTERM'', so you can
963 check and see if that is set. Note that several programs, JED, slrn,
964 Midnight Commander automatically check this variable to decide whether or
965 not to use color.</p>
966 <p>
967 </p>
968 <h2><a name="how_do_i_set_the_correct__full_ip_address_for_the_display_variable">How do I set the correct, full IP address for the DISPLAY variable?</a></h2>
969 <p>If you've compiled rxvt-unicode with DISPLAY_IS_IP and have enabled
970 insecure mode then it is possible to use the following shell script
971 snippets to correctly set the display. If your version of rxvt-unicode
972 wasn't also compiled with ESCZ_ANSWER (as assumed in these snippets) then
973 the COLORTERM variable can be used to distinguish rxvt-unicode from a
974 regular xterm.</p>
975 <p>Courtesy of Chuck Blake &lt;<a href="mailto:cblake@BBN.COM">cblake@BBN.COM</a>&gt; with the following shell script
976 snippets:</p>
977 <pre>
978 # Bourne/Korn/POSIX family of shells:
979 [ ${TERM:-foo} = foo ] &amp;&amp; TERM=xterm # assume an xterm if we don't know
980 if [ ${TERM:-foo} = xterm ]; then
981 stty -icanon -echo min 0 time 15 # see if enhanced rxvt or not
982 echo -n '^[Z'
983 read term_id
984 stty icanon echo
985 if [ &quot;&quot;${term_id} = '^[[?1;2C' -a ${DISPLAY:-foo} = foo ]; then
986 echo -n '^[[7n' # query the rxvt we are in for the DISPLAY string
987 read DISPLAY # set it in our local shell
988 fi
989 fi</pre>
990 <p>
991 </p>
992 <h2><a name="how_do_i_compile_the_manual_pages_for_myself">How do I compile the manual pages for myself?</a></h2>
993 <p>You need to have a recent version of perl installed as <em>/usr/bin/perl</em>,
994 one that comes with <em>pod2man</em>, <em>pod2text</em> and <em>pod2html</em>. Then go to
995 the doc subdirectory and enter <code>make alldoc</code>.</p>
996 <p>
997 </p>
998 <h2><a name="my_question_isn_t_answered_here__can_i_ask_a_human">My question isn't answered here, can I ask a human?</a></h2>
999 <p>Before sending me mail, you could go to IRC: <code>irc.freenode.net</code>,
1000 channel <code>#rxvt-unicode</code> has some rxvt-unicode enthusiasts that might be
1001 interested in learning about new and exciting problems (but not FAQs :).</p>
1002 <p>
1003 </p>
1004 <hr />
1005 <h1><a name="rxvt_technical_reference">RXVT TECHNICAL REFERENCE</a></h1>
1006 <p>
1007 </p>
1008 <hr />
1009 <h1><a name="description">DESCRIPTION</a></h1>
1010 <p>The rest of this document describes various technical aspects of
1011 <strong>rxvt-unicode</strong>. First the description of supported command sequences,
1012 followed by pixmap support and last by a description of all features
1013 selectable at <code>configure</code> time.</p>
1014 <p>
1015 </p>
1016 <hr />
1017 <h1><a name="definitions">Definitions</a></h1>
1018 <dl>
1019 <dt><strong><a name="item_c"><strong><code>c</code> </strong>&gt;</a></strong><br />
1020 </dt>
1021 <dd>
1022 The literal character c.
1023 </dd>
1024 <p></p>
1025 <dt><strong><a name="item_c"><strong><code>C</code> </strong>&gt;</a></strong><br />
1026 </dt>
1027 <dd>
1028 A single (required) character.
1029 </dd>
1030 <p></p>
1031 <dt><strong><a name="item_ps"><strong><code>Ps</code> </strong>&gt;</a></strong><br />
1032 </dt>
1033 <dd>
1034 A single (usually optional) numeric parameter, composed of one or more
1035 digits.
1036 </dd>
1037 <p></p>
1038 <dt><strong><a name="item_pm"><strong><code>Pm</code> </strong>&gt;</a></strong><br />
1039 </dt>
1040 <dd>
1041 A multiple numeric parameter composed of any number of single numeric
1042 parameters, separated by <code>;</code> character(s).
1043 </dd>
1044 <p></p>
1045 <dt><strong><a name="item_pt"><strong><code>Pt</code> </strong>&gt;</a></strong><br />
1046 </dt>
1047 <dd>
1048 A text parameter composed of printable characters.
1049 </dd>
1050 <p></p></dl>
1051 <p>
1052 </p>
1053 <hr />
1054 <h1><a name="values">Values</a></h1>
1055 <dl>
1056 <dt><strong><a name="item_enq"><strong><code>ENQ</code> </strong>&gt;</a></strong><br />
1057 </dt>
1058 <dd>
1059 Enquiry (Ctrl-E) = Send Device Attributes (DA)
1060 request attributes from terminal. See <strong><a href="#item_esc__5b_ps_c"><code>ESC [ Ps c</code></a> </strong>&gt;.
1061 </dd>
1062 <p></p>
1063 <dt><strong><a name="item_bel"><strong><code>BEL</code> </strong>&gt;</a></strong><br />
1064 </dt>
1065 <dd>
1066 Bell (Ctrl-G)
1067 </dd>
1068 <p></p>
1069 <dt><strong><a name="item_bs"><strong><code>BS</code> </strong>&gt;</a></strong><br />
1070 </dt>
1071 <dd>
1072 Backspace (Ctrl-H)
1073 </dd>
1074 <p></p>
1075 <dt><strong><a name="item_tab"><strong><code>TAB</code> </strong>&gt;</a></strong><br />
1076 </dt>
1077 <dd>
1078 Horizontal Tab (HT) (Ctrl-I)
1079 </dd>
1080 <p></p>
1081 <dt><strong><a name="item_lf"><strong><code>LF</code> </strong>&gt;</a></strong><br />
1082 </dt>
1083 <dd>
1084 Line Feed or New Line (NL) (Ctrl-J)
1085 </dd>
1086 <p></p>
1087 <dt><strong><a name="item_vt"><strong><code>VT</code> </strong>&gt;</a></strong><br />
1088 </dt>
1089 <dd>
1090 Vertical Tab (Ctrl-K) same as <strong><a href="#item_lf"><code>LF</code></a> </strong>&gt;
1091 </dd>
1092 <p></p>
1093 <dt><strong><a name="item_ff"><strong><code>FF</code> </strong>&gt;</a></strong><br />
1094 </dt>
1095 <dd>
1096 Form Feed or New Page (NP) (Ctrl-L) same as <strong><a href="#item_lf"><code>LF</code></a> </strong>&gt;
1097 </dd>
1098 <p></p>
1099 <dt><strong><a name="item_cr"><strong><code>CR</code> </strong>&gt;</a></strong><br />
1100 </dt>
1101 <dd>
1102 Carriage Return (Ctrl-M)
1103 </dd>
1104 <p></p>
1105 <dt><strong><a name="item_so"><strong><code>SO</code> </strong>&gt;</a></strong><br />
1106 </dt>
1107 <dd>
1108 Shift Out (Ctrl-N), invokes the G1 character set.
1109 Switch to Alternate Character Set
1110 </dd>
1111 <p></p>
1112 <dt><strong><a name="item_si"><strong><code>SI</code> </strong>&gt;</a></strong><br />
1113 </dt>
1114 <dd>
1115 Shift In (Ctrl-O), invokes the G0 character set (the default).
1116 Switch to Standard Character Set
1117 </dd>
1118 <p></p>
1119 <dt><strong><a name="item_spc"><strong><code>SPC</code> </strong>&gt;</a></strong><br />
1120 </dt>
1121 <dd>
1122 Space Character
1123 </dd>
1124 <p></p></dl>
1125 <p>
1126 </p>
1127 <hr />
1128 <h1><a name="escape_sequences">Escape Sequences</a></h1>
1129 <dl>
1130 <dt><strong><a name="item_esc__23_8"><strong><code>ESC # 8</code> </strong>&gt;</a></strong><br />
1131 </dt>
1132 <dd>
1133 DEC Screen Alignment Test (DECALN)
1134 </dd>
1135 <p></p>
1136 <dt><strong><a name="item_esc_7"><strong><code>ESC 7</code> </strong>&gt;</a></strong><br />
1137 </dt>
1138 <dd>
1139 Save Cursor (SC)
1140 </dd>
1141 <p></p>
1142 <dt><strong><a name="item_esc_8"><strong><code>ESC 8</code> </strong>&gt;</a></strong><br />
1143 </dt>
1144 <dd>
1145 Restore Cursor
1146 </dd>
1147 <p></p>
1148 <dt><strong><a name="item_esc__3d"><strong><code>ESC =</code> </strong>&gt;</a></strong><br />
1149 </dt>
1150 <dd>
1151 Application Keypad (SMKX). See also next sequence.
1152 </dd>
1153 <p></p>
1154 <dt><strong><a name="item_esc"><strong><code>ESC</code> </strong>&gt;&gt;</a></strong><br />
1155 </dt>
1156 <dd>
1157 Normal Keypad (RMKX)
1158 </dd>
1159 <dd>
1160 <p><strong>Note:</strong> If the numeric keypad is activated, eg, <strong>Num_Lock</strong> has been
1161 pressed, numbers or control functions are generated by the numeric keypad
1162 (see Key Codes).</p>
1163 </dd>
1164 <p></p>
1165 <dt><strong><a name="item_esc_d"><strong><code>ESC D</code> </strong>&gt;</a></strong><br />
1166 </dt>
1167 <dd>
1168 Index (IND)
1169 </dd>
1170 <p></p>
1171 <dt><strong><a name="item_esc_e"><strong><code>ESC E</code> </strong>&gt;</a></strong><br />
1172 </dt>
1173 <dd>
1174 Next Line (NEL)
1175 </dd>
1176 <p></p>
1177 <dt><strong><a name="item_esc_h"><strong><code>ESC H</code> </strong>&gt;</a></strong><br />
1178 </dt>
1179 <dd>
1180 Tab Set (HTS)
1181 </dd>
1182 <p></p>
1183 <dt><strong><a name="item_esc_m"><strong><code>ESC M</code> </strong>&gt;</a></strong><br />
1184 </dt>
1185 <dd>
1186 Reverse Index (RI)
1187 </dd>
1188 <p></p>
1189 <dt><strong><a name="item_esc_n"><strong><code>ESC N</code> </strong>&gt;</a></strong><br />
1190 </dt>
1191 <dd>
1192 Single Shift Select of G2 Character Set (SS2): affects next character
1193 only <em>unimplemented</em>
1194 </dd>
1195 <p></p>
1196 <dt><strong><a name="item_esc_o"><strong><code>ESC O</code> </strong>&gt;</a></strong><br />
1197 </dt>
1198 <dd>
1199 Single Shift Select of G3 Character Set (SS3): affects next character
1200 only <em>unimplemented</em>
1201 </dd>
1202 <p></p>
1203 <dt><strong><a name="item_esc_z"><strong><code>ESC Z</code> </strong>&gt;</a></strong><br />
1204 </dt>
1205 <dd>
1206 Obsolete form of returns: <strong><code>ESC [ ? 1 ; 2 C</code> </strong>&gt; <em>rxvt-unicode compile-time option</em>
1207 </dd>
1208 <p></p>
1209 <dt><strong><a name="item_esc_c"><strong><code>ESC c</code> </strong>&gt;</a></strong><br />
1210 </dt>
1211 <dd>
1212 Full reset (RIS)
1213 </dd>
1214 <p></p>
1215 <dt><strong><a name="item_esc_n"><strong><code>ESC n</code> </strong>&gt;</a></strong><br />
1216 </dt>
1217 <dd>
1218 Invoke the G2 Character Set (LS2)
1219 </dd>
1220 <p></p>
1221 <dt><strong><a name="item_esc_o"><strong><code>ESC o</code> </strong>&gt;</a></strong><br />
1222 </dt>
1223 <dd>
1224 Invoke the G3 Character Set (LS3)
1225 </dd>
1226 <p></p>
1227 <dt><strong><strong><code>ESC ( C</code> </strong>&gt;</strong><br />
1228 </dt>
1229 <dd>
1230 Designate G0 Character Set (ISO 2022), see below for values of <a href="#item_c"><code>C</code></a>.
1231 </dd>
1232 <p></p>
1233 <dt><strong><a name="item_esc__29_c"><strong><code>ESC ) C</code> </strong>&gt;</a></strong><br />
1234 </dt>
1235 <dd>
1236 Designate G1 Character Set (ISO 2022), see below for values of <a href="#item_c"><code>C</code></a>.
1237 </dd>
1238 <p></p>
1239 <dt><strong><a name="item_esc__2a_c"><strong><code>ESC * C</code> </strong>&gt;</a></strong><br />
1240 </dt>
1241 <dd>
1242 Designate G2 Character Set (ISO 2022), see below for values of <a href="#item_c"><code>C</code></a>.
1243 </dd>
1244 <p></p>
1245 <dt><strong><a name="item_esc__2b_c"><strong><code>ESC + C</code> </strong>&gt;</a></strong><br />
1246 </dt>
1247 <dd>
1248 Designate G3 Character Set (ISO 2022), see below for values of <a href="#item_c"><code>C</code></a>.
1249 </dd>
1250 <p></p>
1251 <dt><strong><a name="item_esc__24_c"><strong><code>ESC $ C</code> </strong>&gt;</a></strong><br />
1252 </dt>
1253 <dd>
1254 Designate Kanji Character Set
1255 </dd>
1256 <dd>
1257 <p>Where <strong><a href="#item_c"><code>C</code></a> </strong>&gt; is one of:</p>
1258 </dd>
1259 <table>
1260 <tr><td>C = 0 </td><td>DEC Special Character and Line Drawing Set</td></tr>
1261 <tr><td>C = A </td><td>United Kingdom (UK)</td></tr>
1262 <tr><td>C = B </td><td>United States (USASCII)</td></tr>
1263 <tr><td>C = <</td><td>Multinational character set unimplemented</td></tr>
1264 <tr><td>C = 5 </td><td>Finnish character set unimplemented</td></tr>
1265 <tr><td>C = C </td><td>Finnish character set unimplemented</td></tr>
1266 <tr><td>C = K </td><td>German character set unimplemented</td></tr>
1267 </table><p></p></dl>
1268 <p></p>
1269 <p>
1270 </p>
1271 <hr />
1272 <h1><a name="csi__command_sequence_introducer__sequences">CSI (Command Sequence Introducer) Sequences</a></h1>
1273 <dl>
1274 <dt><strong><a name="item_esc__5b_ps__40"><strong><code>ESC [ Ps @</code> </strong>&gt;</a></strong><br />
1275 </dt>
1276 <dd>
1277 Insert <strong><a href="#item_ps"><code>Ps</code></a> </strong>&gt; (Blank) <code>Character(s)</code> [default: 1] (ICH)
1278 </dd>
1279 <p></p>
1280 <dt><strong><a name="item_esc__5b_ps_a"><strong><code>ESC [ Ps A</code> </strong>&gt;</a></strong><br />
1281 </dt>
1282 <dd>
1283 Cursor Up <strong><a href="#item_ps"><code>Ps</code></a> </strong>&gt; Times [default: 1] (CUU)
1284 </dd>
1285 <p></p>
1286 <dt><strong><a name="item_esc__5b_ps_b"><strong><code>ESC [ Ps B</code> </strong>&gt;</a></strong><br />
1287 </dt>
1288 <dd>
1289 Cursor Down <strong><a href="#item_ps"><code>Ps</code></a> </strong>&gt; Times [default: 1] (CUD)
1290 </dd>
1291 <p></p>
1292 <dt><strong><a name="item_esc__5b_ps_c"><strong><code>ESC [ Ps C</code> </strong>&gt;</a></strong><br />
1293 </dt>
1294 <dd>
1295 Cursor Forward <strong><a href="#item_ps"><code>Ps</code></a> </strong>&gt; Times [default: 1] (CUF)
1296 </dd>
1297 <p></p>
1298 <dt><strong><a name="item_esc__5b_ps_d"><strong><code>ESC [ Ps D</code> </strong>&gt;</a></strong><br />
1299 </dt>
1300 <dd>
1301 Cursor Backward <strong><a href="#item_ps"><code>Ps</code></a> </strong>&gt; Times [default: 1] (CUB)
1302 </dd>
1303 <p></p>
1304 <dt><strong><a name="item_esc__5b_ps_e"><strong><code>ESC [ Ps E</code> </strong>&gt;</a></strong><br />
1305 </dt>
1306 <dd>
1307 Cursor Down <strong><a href="#item_ps"><code>Ps</code></a> </strong>&gt; Times [default: 1] and to first column
1308 </dd>
1309 <p></p>
1310 <dt><strong><a name="item_esc__5b_ps_f"><strong><code>ESC [ Ps F</code> </strong>&gt;</a></strong><br />
1311 </dt>
1312 <dd>
1313 Cursor Up <strong><a href="#item_ps"><code>Ps</code></a> </strong>&gt; Times [default: 1] and to first column
1314 </dd>
1315 <p></p>
1316 <dt><strong><a name="item_esc__5b_ps_g"><strong><code>ESC [ Ps G</code> </strong>&gt;</a></strong><br />
1317 </dt>
1318 <dd>
1319 Cursor to Column <strong><a href="#item_ps"><code>Ps</code></a> </strong>&gt; (HPA)
1320 </dd>
1321 <p></p>
1322 <dt><strong><a name="item_esc__5b_ps_3bps_h"><strong><code>ESC [ Ps;Ps H</code> </strong>&gt;</a></strong><br />
1323 </dt>
1324 <dd>
1325 Cursor Position [row;column] [default: 1;1] (CUP)
1326 </dd>
1327 <p></p>
1328 <dt><strong><a name="item_esc__5b_ps_i"><strong><code>ESC [ Ps I</code> </strong>&gt;</a></strong><br />
1329 </dt>
1330 <dd>
1331 Move forward <strong><a href="#item_ps"><code>Ps</code></a> </strong>&gt; tab stops [default: 1]
1332 </dd>
1333 <p></p>
1334 <dt><strong><a name="item_esc__5b_ps_j"><strong><code>ESC [ Ps J</code> </strong>&gt;</a></strong><br />
1335 </dt>
1336 <dd>
1337 Erase in Display (ED)
1338 </dd>
1339 <table>
1340 <tr><td>Ps = 0</td><td>Clear Below (default)</td></tr>
1341 <tr><td>Ps = 1</td><td>Clear Above</td></tr>
1342 <tr><td>Ps = 2</td><td>Clear All</td></tr>
1343 </table><p></p>
1344 <dt><strong><a name="item_esc__5b_ps_k"><strong><code>ESC [ Ps K</code> </strong>&gt;</a></strong><br />
1345 </dt>
1346 <dd>
1347 Erase in Line (EL)
1348 </dd>
1349 <table>
1350 <tr><td>Ps = 0</td><td>Clear to Right (default)</td></tr>
1351 <tr><td>Ps = 1</td><td>Clear to Left</td></tr>
1352 <tr><td>Ps = 2</td><td>Clear All</td></tr>
1353 </table><p></p>
1354 <dt><strong><a name="item_esc__5b_ps_l"><strong><code>ESC [ Ps L</code> </strong>&gt;</a></strong><br />
1355 </dt>
1356 <dd>
1357 Insert <strong><a href="#item_ps"><code>Ps</code></a> </strong>&gt; <code>Line(s)</code> [default: 1] (IL)
1358 </dd>
1359 <p></p>
1360 <dt><strong><a name="item_esc__5b_ps_m"><strong><code>ESC [ Ps M</code> </strong>&gt;</a></strong><br />
1361 </dt>
1362 <dd>
1363 Delete <strong><a href="#item_ps"><code>Ps</code></a> </strong>&gt; <code>Line(s)</code> [default: 1] (DL)
1364 </dd>
1365 <p></p>
1366 <dt><strong><a name="item_esc__5b_ps_p"><strong><code>ESC [ Ps P</code> </strong>&gt;</a></strong><br />
1367 </dt>
1368 <dd>
1369 Delete <strong><a href="#item_ps"><code>Ps</code></a> </strong>&gt; <code>Character(s)</code> [default: 1] (DCH)
1370 </dd>
1371 <p></p>
1372 <dt><strong><a name="item_esc__5b_ps_3bps_3bps_3bps_3bps_t"><strong><code>ESC [ Ps;Ps;Ps;Ps;Ps T</code> </strong>&gt;</a></strong><br />
1373 </dt>
1374 <dd>
1375 Initiate . <em>unimplemented</em> Parameters are
1376 [func;startx;starty;firstrow;lastrow].
1377 </dd>
1378 <p></p>
1379 <dt><strong><a name="item_esc__5b_ps_w"><strong><code>ESC [ Ps W</code> </strong>&gt;</a></strong><br />
1380 </dt>
1381 <dd>
1382 Tabulator functions
1383 </dd>
1384 <table>
1385 <tr><td>Ps = 0</td><td>Tab Set (HTS)</td></tr>
1386 <tr><td>Ps = 2</td><td>Tab Clear (TBC), Clear Current Column (default)</td></tr>
1387 <tr><td>Ps = 5</td><td>Tab Clear (TBC), Clear All</td></tr>
1388 </table><p></p>
1389 <dt><strong><a name="item_esc__5b_ps_x"><strong><code>ESC [ Ps X</code> </strong>&gt;</a></strong><br />
1390 </dt>
1391 <dd>
1392 Erase <strong><a href="#item_ps"><code>Ps</code></a> </strong>&gt; <code>Character(s)</code> [default: 1] (ECH)
1393 </dd>
1394 <p></p>
1395 <dt><strong><a name="item_esc__5b_ps_z"><strong><code>ESC [ Ps Z</code> </strong>&gt;</a></strong><br />
1396 </dt>
1397 <dd>
1398 Move backward <strong><a href="#item_ps"><code>Ps</code></a> </strong>&gt; [default: 1] tab stops
1399 </dd>
1400 <p></p>
1401 <dt><strong><a name="item_esc__5b_ps__27"><strong><code>ESC [ Ps '</code> </strong>&gt;</a></strong><br />
1402 </dt>
1403 <dd>
1404 See <strong><a href="#item_esc__5b_ps_g"><code>ESC [ Ps G</code></a> </strong>&gt;
1405 </dd>
1406 <p></p>
1407 <dt><strong><a name="item_esc__5b_ps_a"><strong><code>ESC [ Ps a</code> </strong>&gt;</a></strong><br />
1408 </dt>
1409 <dd>
1410 See <strong><a href="#item_esc__5b_ps_c"><code>ESC [ Ps C</code></a> </strong>&gt;
1411 </dd>
1412 <p></p>
1413 <dt><strong><a name="item_esc__5b_ps_c"><strong><code>ESC [ Ps c</code> </strong>&gt;</a></strong><br />
1414 </dt>
1415 <dd>
1416 Send Device Attributes (DA)
1417 <strong><code>Ps = 0</code> </strong>&gt; (or omitted): request attributes from terminal
1418 returns: <strong><code>ESC [ ? 1 ; 2 c</code> </strong>&gt; (``I am a VT100 with Advanced Video
1419 Option'')
1420 </dd>
1421 <p></p>
1422 <dt><strong><a name="item_esc__5b_ps_d"><strong><code>ESC [ Ps d</code> </strong>&gt;</a></strong><br />
1423 </dt>
1424 <dd>
1425 Cursor to Line <strong><a href="#item_ps"><code>Ps</code></a> </strong>&gt; (VPA)
1426 </dd>
1427 <p></p>
1428 <dt><strong><a name="item_esc__5b_ps_e"><strong><code>ESC [ Ps e</code> </strong>&gt;</a></strong><br />
1429 </dt>
1430 <dd>
1431 See <strong><a href="#item_esc__5b_ps_a"><code>ESC [ Ps A</code></a> </strong>&gt;
1432 </dd>
1433 <p></p>
1434 <dt><strong><a name="item_esc__5b_ps_3bps_f"><strong><code>ESC [ Ps;Ps f</code> </strong>&gt;</a></strong><br />
1435 </dt>
1436 <dd>
1437 Horizontal and Vertical Position [row;column] (HVP) [default: 1;1]
1438 </dd>
1439 <p></p>
1440 <dt><strong><a name="item_esc__5b_ps_g"><strong><code>ESC [ Ps g</code> </strong>&gt;</a></strong><br />
1441 </dt>
1442 <dd>
1443 Tab Clear (TBC)
1444 </dd>
1445 <table>
1446 <tr><td>Ps = 0</td><td>Clear Current Column (default)</td></tr>
1447 <tr><td>Ps = 3</td><td>Clear All (TBC)</td></tr>
1448 </table><p></p>
1449 <dt><strong><a name="item_esc__5b_pm_h"><strong><code>ESC [ Pm h</code> </strong>&gt;</a></strong><br />
1450 </dt>
1451 <dd>
1452 Set Mode (SM). See <strong><a href="#item_esc__5b_pm_l"><code>ESC [ Pm l</code></a> </strong>&gt; sequence for description of <a href="#item_pm"><code>Pm</code></a>.
1453 </dd>
1454 <p></p>
1455 <dt><strong><a name="item_esc__5b_ps_i"><strong><code>ESC [ Ps i</code> </strong>&gt;</a></strong><br />
1456 </dt>
1457 <dd>
1458 Printing. See also the <code>print-pipe</code> resource.
1459 </dd>
1460 <table>
1461 <tr><td>Ps = 0</td><td>print screen (MC0)</td></tr>
1462 <tr><td>Ps = 4</td><td>disable transparent print mode (MC4)</td></tr>
1463 <tr><td>Ps = 5</td><td>enable transparent print mode (MC5)</td></tr>
1464 </table><p></p>
1465 <dt><strong><a name="item_esc__5b_pm_l"><strong><code>ESC [ Pm l</code> </strong>&gt;</a></strong><br />
1466 </dt>
1467 <dd>
1468 Reset Mode (RM)
1469 </dd>
1470 <dl>
1471 <dt><strong><a name="item_ps__3d_4"><strong><code>Ps = 4</code> </strong>&gt;</a></strong><br />
1472 </dt>
1473 <table>
1474 <tr><td>h</td><td>Insert Mode (SMIR)</td></tr>
1475 <tr><td>l</td><td>Replace Mode (RMIR)</td></tr>
1476 </table><dt><strong><a name="item_20"><strong><code>Ps = 20</code> </strong>&gt; (partially implemented)</a></strong><br />
1477 </dt>
1478 <table>
1479 <tr><td>h</td><td>Automatic Newline (LNM)</td></tr>
1480 <tr><td>l</td><td>Normal Linefeed (LNM)</td></tr>
1481 </table></dl>
1482 <dt><strong><a name="item_esc__5b_pm_m"><strong><code>ESC [ Pm m</code> </strong>&gt;</a></strong><br />
1483 </dt>
1484 <dd>
1485 Character Attributes (SGR)
1486 </dd>
1487 <table>
1488 <tr><td>Ps = 0</td><td>Normal (default)</td></tr>
1489 <tr><td>Ps = 1 / 21</td><td>On / Off Bold (bright fg)</td></tr>
1490 <tr><td>Ps = 3 / 23</td><td>On / Off Italic</td></tr>
1491 <tr><td>Ps = 4 / 24</td><td>On / Off Underline</td></tr>
1492 <tr><td>Ps = 5 / 25</td><td>On / Off Slow Blink (bright bg)</td></tr>
1493 <tr><td>Ps = 6 / 26</td><td>On / Off Rapid Blink (bright bg)</td></tr>
1494 <tr><td>Ps = 7 / 27</td><td>On / Off Inverse</td></tr>
1495 <tr><td>Ps = 8 / 27</td><td>On / Off Invisible (NYI)</td></tr>
1496 <tr><td>Ps = 30 / 40</td><td>fg/bg Black</td></tr>
1497 <tr><td>Ps = 31 / 41</td><td>fg/bg Red</td></tr>
1498 <tr><td>Ps = 32 / 42</td><td>fg/bg Green</td></tr>
1499 <tr><td>Ps = 33 / 43</td><td>fg/bg Yellow</td></tr>
1500 <tr><td>Ps = 34 / 44</td><td>fg/bg Blue</td></tr>
1501 <tr><td>Ps = 35 / 45</td><td>fg/bg Magenta</td></tr>
1502 <tr><td>Ps = 36 / 46</td><td>fg/bg Cyan</td></tr>
1503 <tr><td>Ps = 38;5 / 48;5</td><td>set fg/bg to color #m (ISO 8613-6)</td></tr>
1504 <tr><td>Ps = 37 / 47</td><td>fg/bg White</td></tr>
1505 <tr><td>Ps = 39 / 49</td><td>fg/bg Default</td></tr>
1506 <tr><td>Ps = 90 / 100</td><td>fg/bg Bright Black</td></tr>
1507 <tr><td>Ps = 91 / 101</td><td>fg/bg Bright Red</td></tr>
1508 <tr><td>Ps = 92 / 102</td><td>fg/bg Bright Green</td></tr>
1509 <tr><td>Ps = 93 / 103</td><td>fg/bg Bright Yellow</td></tr>
1510 <tr><td>Ps = 94 / 104</td><td>fg/bg Bright Blue</td></tr>
1511 <tr><td>Ps = 95 / 105</td><td>fg/bg Bright Magenta</td></tr>
1512 <tr><td>Ps = 96 / 106</td><td>fg/bg Bright Cyan</td></tr>
1513 <tr><td>Ps = 97 / 107</td><td>fg/bg Bright White</td></tr>
1514 <tr><td>Ps = 99 / 109</td><td>fg/bg Bright Default</td></tr>
1515 </table><p></p>
1516 <dt><strong><a name="item_esc__5b_ps_n"><strong><code>ESC [ Ps n</code> </strong>&gt;</a></strong><br />
1517 </dt>
1518 <dd>
1519 Device Status Report (DSR)
1520 </dd>
1521 <table>
1522 <tr><td>Ps = 5</td><td>Status Report ESC [ 0 n (``OK'')</td></tr>
1523 <tr><td>Ps = 6</td><td>Report Cursor Position (CPR) [row;column] as ESC [ r ; c R</td></tr>
1524 <tr><td>Ps = 7</td><td>Request Display Name</td></tr>
1525 <tr><td>Ps = 8</td><td>Request Version Number (place in window title)</td></tr>
1526 </table><p></p>
1527 <dt><strong><a name="item_esc__5b_ps_3bps_r"><strong><code>ESC [ Ps;Ps r</code> </strong>&gt;</a></strong><br />
1528 </dt>
1529 <dd>
1530 Set Scrolling Region [top;bottom]
1531 [default: full size of window] (CSR)
1532 </dd>
1533 <p></p>
1534 <dt><strong><a name="item_esc__5b_s"><strong><code>ESC [ s</code> </strong>&gt;</a></strong><br />
1535 </dt>
1536 <dd>
1537 Save Cursor (SC)
1538 </dd>
1539 <p></p>
1540 <dt><strong><a name="item_esc__5b_ps_3bpt_t"><strong><code>ESC [ Ps;Pt t</code> </strong>&gt;</a></strong><br />
1541 </dt>
1542 <dd>
1543 Window Operations
1544 </dd>
1545 <table>
1546 <tr><td>Ps = 1</td><td>Deiconify (map) window</td></tr>
1547 <tr><td>Ps = 2</td><td>Iconify window</td></tr>
1548 <tr><td>Ps = 3</td><td>ESC [ 3 ; X ; Y t Move window to (X|Y)</td></tr>
1549 <tr><td>Ps = 4</td><td>ESC [ 4 ; H ; W t Resize to WxH pixels</td></tr>
1550 <tr><td>Ps = 5</td><td>Raise window</td></tr>
1551 <tr><td>Ps = 6</td><td>Lower window</td></tr>
1552 <tr><td>Ps = 7</td><td>Refresh screen once</td></tr>
1553 <tr><td>Ps = 8</td><td>ESC [ 8 ; R ; C t Resize to R rows and C columns</td></tr>
1554 <tr><td>Ps = 11</td><td>Report window state (responds with Ps = 1 or Ps = 2)</td></tr>
1555 <tr><td>Ps = 13</td><td>Report window position (responds with Ps = 3)</td></tr>
1556 <tr><td>Ps = 14</td><td>Report window pixel size (responds with Ps = 4)</td></tr>
1557 <tr><td>Ps = 18</td><td>Report window text size (responds with Ps = 7)</td></tr>
1558 <tr><td>Ps = 19</td><td>Currently the same as Ps = 18, but responds with Ps = 9</td></tr>
1559 <tr><td>Ps = 20</td><td>Reports icon label (ESC ] L NAME \234)</td></tr>
1560 <tr><td>Ps = 21</td><td>Reports window title (ESC ] l NAME \234)</td></tr>
1561 <tr><td>Ps = 24..</td><td>Set window height to Ps rows</td></tr>
1562 </table><p></p>
1563 <dt><strong><a name="item_esc__5b_u"><strong><code>ESC [ u</code> </strong>&gt;</a></strong><br />
1564 </dt>
1565 <dd>
1566 Restore Cursor
1567 </dd>
1568 <p></p>
1569 <dt><strong><a name="item_esc__5b_ps_x"><strong><code>ESC [ Ps x</code> </strong>&gt;</a></strong><br />
1570 </dt>
1571 <dd>
1572 Request Terminal Parameters (DECREQTPARM)
1573 </dd>
1574 <p></p></dl>
1575 <p></p>
1576 <p>
1577 </p>
1578 <hr />
1579 <h1><a name="dec_private_modes">DEC Private Modes</a></h1>
1580 <dl>
1581 <dt><strong><a name="item_esc__5b__3f_pm_h"><strong><code>ESC [ ? Pm h</code> </strong>&gt;</a></strong><br />
1582 </dt>
1583 <dd>
1584 DEC Private Mode Set (DECSET)
1585 </dd>
1586 <p></p>
1587 <dt><strong><a name="item_esc__5b__3f_pm_l"><strong><code>ESC [ ? Pm l</code> </strong>&gt;</a></strong><br />
1588 </dt>
1589 <dd>
1590 DEC Private Mode Reset (DECRST)
1591 </dd>
1592 <p></p>
1593 <dt><strong><a name="item_esc__5b__3f_pm_r"><strong><code>ESC [ ? Pm r</code> </strong>&gt;</a></strong><br />
1594 </dt>
1595 <dd>
1596 Restore previously saved DEC Private Mode Values.
1597 </dd>
1598 <p></p>
1599 <dt><strong><a name="item_esc__5b__3f_pm_s"><strong><code>ESC [ ? Pm s</code> </strong>&gt;</a></strong><br />
1600 </dt>
1601 <dd>
1602 Save DEC Private Mode Values.
1603 </dd>
1604 <p></p>
1605 <dt><strong><a name="item_esc__5b__3f_pm_t"><strong><code>ESC [ ? Pm t</code> </strong>&gt;</a></strong><br />
1606 </dt>
1607 <dd>
1608 Toggle DEC Private Mode Values (rxvt extension). <em>where</em>
1609 </dd>
1610 <dl>
1611 <dt><strong><a name="item_1"><strong><code>Ps = 1</code> </strong>&gt; (DECCKM)</a></strong><br />
1612 </dt>
1613 <table>
1614 <tr><td>h</td><td>Application Cursor Keys</td></tr>
1615 <tr><td>l</td><td>Normal Cursor Keys</td></tr>
1616 </table><dt><strong><a name="item_2"><strong><code>Ps = 2</code> </strong>&gt; (ANSI/VT52 mode)</a></strong><br />
1617 </dt>
1618 <table>
1619 <tr><td>h</td><td>Enter VT52 mode</td></tr>
1620 <tr><td>l</td><td>Enter VT52 mode</td></tr>
1621 </table><dt><strong><a name="item_ps__3d_3"><strong><code>Ps = 3</code> </strong>&gt;</a></strong><br />
1622 </dt>
1623 <table>
1624 <tr><td>h</td><td>132 Column Mode (DECCOLM)</td></tr>
1625 <tr><td>l</td><td>80 Column Mode (DECCOLM)</td></tr>
1626 </table><dt><strong><strong><code>Ps = 4</code> </strong>&gt;</strong><br />
1627 </dt>
1628 <table>
1629 <tr><td>h</td><td>Smooth (Slow) Scroll (DECSCLM)</td></tr>
1630 <tr><td>l</td><td>Jump (Fast) Scroll (DECSCLM)</td></tr>
1631 </table><dt><strong><a name="item_ps__3d_5"><strong><code>Ps = 5</code> </strong>&gt;</a></strong><br />
1632 </dt>
1633 <table>
1634 <tr><td>h</td><td>Reverse Video (DECSCNM)</td></tr>
1635 <tr><td>l</td><td>Normal Video (DECSCNM)</td></tr>
1636 </table><dt><strong><a name="item_ps__3d_6"><strong><code>Ps = 6</code> </strong>&gt;</a></strong><br />
1637 </dt>
1638 <table>
1639 <tr><td>h</td><td>Origin Mode (DECOM)</td></tr>
1640 <tr><td>l</td><td>Normal Cursor Mode (DECOM)</td></tr>
1641 </table><dt><strong><a name="item_ps__3d_7"><strong><code>Ps = 7</code> </strong>&gt;</a></strong><br />
1642 </dt>
1643 <table>
1644 <tr><td>h</td><td>Wraparound Mode (DECAWM)</td></tr>
1645 <tr><td>l</td><td>No Wraparound Mode (DECAWM)</td></tr>
1646 </table><dt><strong><a name="item_ps__3d_8_unimplemented"><strong><code>Ps = 8</code> </strong>&gt; <em>unimplemented</em></a></strong><br />
1647 </dt>
1648 <table>
1649 <tr><td>h</td><td>Auto-repeat Keys (DECARM)</td></tr>
1650 <tr><td>l</td><td>No Auto-repeat Keys (DECARM)</td></tr>
1651 </table><dt><strong><a name="item_ps__3d_9_x10_xterm"><strong><code>Ps = 9</code> </strong>&gt; X10 XTerm</a></strong><br />
1652 </dt>
1653 <table>
1654 <tr><td>h</td><td>Send Mouse X & Y on button press.</td></tr>
1655 <tr><td>l</td><td>No mouse reporting.</td></tr>
1656 </table><dt><strong><a name="item_ps__3d_25"><strong><code>Ps = 25</code> </strong>&gt;</a></strong><br />
1657 </dt>
1658 <table>
1659 <tr><td>h</td><td>Visible cursor {cnorm/cvvis}</td></tr>
1660 <tr><td>l</td><td>Invisible cursor {civis}</td></tr>
1661 </table><dt><strong><a name="item_ps__3d_30"><strong><code>Ps = 30</code> </strong>&gt;</a></strong><br />
1662 </dt>
1663 <table>
1664 <tr><td>h</td><td>scrollBar visisble</td></tr>
1665 <tr><td>l</td><td>scrollBar invisisble</td></tr>
1666 </table><dt><strong><a name="item_35"><strong><code>Ps = 35</code> </strong>&gt; (<strong>rxvt</strong>)</a></strong><br />
1667 </dt>
1668 <table>
1669 <tr><td>h</td><td>Allow XTerm Shift+key sequences</td></tr>
1670 <tr><td>l</td><td>Disallow XTerm Shift+key sequences</td></tr>
1671 </table><dt><strong><a name="item_ps__3d_38_unimplemented"><strong><code>Ps = 38</code> </strong>&gt; <em>unimplemented</em></a></strong><br />
1672 </dt>
1673 <dd>
1674 Enter Tektronix Mode (DECTEK)
1675 </dd>
1676 <p></p>
1677 <dt><strong><a name="item_ps__3d_40"><strong><code>Ps = 40</code> </strong>&gt;</a></strong><br />
1678 </dt>
1679 <table>
1680 <tr><td>h</td><td>Allow 80/132 Mode</td></tr>
1681 <tr><td>l</td><td>Disallow 80/132 Mode</td></tr>
1682 </table><dt><strong><a name="item_ps__3d_44_unimplemented"><strong><code>Ps = 44</code> </strong>&gt; <em>unimplemented</em></a></strong><br />
1683 </dt>
1684 <table>
1685 <tr><td>h</td><td>Turn On Margin Bell</td></tr>
1686 <tr><td>l</td><td>Turn Off Margin Bell</td></tr>
1687 </table><dt><strong><a name="item_ps__3d_45_unimplemented"><strong><code>Ps = 45</code> </strong>&gt; <em>unimplemented</em></a></strong><br />
1688 </dt>
1689 <table>
1690 <tr><td>h</td><td>Reverse-wraparound Mode</td></tr>
1691 <tr><td>l</td><td>No Reverse-wraparound Mode</td></tr>
1692 </table><dt><strong><a name="item_ps__3d_46_unimplemented"><strong><code>Ps = 46</code> </strong>&gt; <em>unimplemented</em></a></strong><br />
1693 </dt>
1694 <dt><strong><a name="item_ps__3d_47"><strong><code>Ps = 47</code> </strong>&gt;</a></strong><br />
1695 </dt>
1696 <table>
1697 <tr><td>h</td><td>Use Alternate Screen Buffer</td></tr>
1698 <tr><td>l</td><td>Use Normal Screen Buffer</td></tr>
1699 </table><p></p>
1700 <dt><strong><a name="item_ps__3d_66"><strong><code>Ps = 66</code> </strong>&gt;</a></strong><br />
1701 </dt>
1702 <table>
1703 <tr><td>h</td><td>Application Keypad (DECPAM) == ESC =</td></tr>
1704 <tr><td>l</td><td>Normal Keypad (DECPNM) == ESC ></td></tr>
1705 </table><dt><strong><a name="item_ps__3d_67"><strong><code>Ps = 67</code> </strong>&gt;</a></strong><br />
1706 </dt>
1707 <table>
1708 <tr><td>h</td><td>Backspace key sends BS (DECBKM)</td></tr>
1709 <tr><td>l</td><td>Backspace key sends DEL</td></tr>
1710 </table><dt><strong><a name="item_1000"><strong><code>Ps = 1000</code> </strong>&gt; (X11 XTerm)</a></strong><br />
1711 </dt>
1712 <table>
1713 <tr><td>h</td><td>Send Mouse X & Y on button press and release.</td></tr>
1714 <tr><td>l</td><td>No mouse reporting.</td></tr>
1715 </table><dt><strong><a name="item_1001"><strong><code>Ps = 1001</code> </strong>&gt; (X11 XTerm) <em>unimplemented</em></a></strong><br />
1716 </dt>
1717 <table>
1718 <tr><td>h</td><td>Use Hilite Mouse Tracking.</td></tr>
1719 <tr><td>l</td><td>No mouse reporting.</td></tr>
1720 </table><dt><strong><a name="item_1010"><strong><code>Ps = 1010</code> </strong>&gt; (<strong>rxvt</strong>)</a></strong><br />
1721 </dt>
1722 <table>
1723 <tr><td>h</td><td>Don't scroll to bottom on TTY output</td></tr>
1724 <tr><td>l</td><td>Scroll to bottom on TTY output</td></tr>
1725 </table><dt><strong><a name="item_1011"><strong><code>Ps = 1011</code> </strong>&gt; (<strong>rxvt</strong>)</a></strong><br />
1726 </dt>
1727 <table>
1728 <tr><td>h</td><td>Scroll to bottom when a key is pressed</td></tr>
1729 <tr><td>l</td><td>Don't scroll to bottom when a key is pressed</td></tr>
1730 </table><dt><strong><a name="item_1021"><strong><code>Ps = 1021</code> </strong>&gt; (<strong>rxvt</strong>)</a></strong><br />
1731 </dt>
1732 <table>
1733 <tr><td>h</td><td>Bold/italic implies high intensity (see option -is)</td></tr>
1734 <tr><td>l</td><td>Font styles have no effect on intensity (Compile styles)</td></tr>
1735 </table><dt><strong><a name="item_ps__3d_1047"><strong><code>Ps = 1047</code> </strong>&gt;</a></strong><br />
1736 </dt>
1737 <table>
1738 <tr><td>h</td><td>Use Alternate Screen Buffer</td></tr>
1739 <tr><td>l</td><td>Use Normal Screen Buffer - clear Alternate Screen Buffer if returning from it</td></tr>
1740 </table><dt><strong><a name="item_ps__3d_1048"><strong><code>Ps = 1048</code> </strong>&gt;</a></strong><br />
1741 </dt>
1742 <table>
1743 <tr><td>h</td><td>Save cursor position</td></tr>
1744 <tr><td>l</td><td>Restore cursor position</td></tr>
1745 </table><dt><strong><a name="item_ps__3d_1049"><strong><code>Ps = 1049</code> </strong>&gt;</a></strong><br />
1746 </dt>
1747 <table>
1748 <tr><td>h</td><td>Use Alternate Screen Buffer - clear Alternate Screen Buffer if switching to it</td></tr>
1749 <tr><td>l</td><td>Use Normal Screen Buffer</td></tr>
1750 </table></dl>
1751 </dl>
1752 <p></p>
1753 <p>
1754 </p>
1755 <hr />
1756 <h1><a name="xterm_operating_system_commands">XTerm Operating System Commands</a></h1>
1757 <dl>
1758 <dt><strong><a name="item_esc__5d_ps_3bpt_st"><strong><code>ESC ] Ps;Pt ST</code> </strong>&gt;</a></strong><br />
1759 </dt>
1760 <dd>
1761 Set XTerm Parameters. 8-bit ST: 0x9c, 7-bit ST sequence: ESC \ (0x1b,
1762 0x5c), backwards compatible terminator BEL (0x07) is also accepted. any
1763 <strong>octet</strong> can be escaped by prefixing it with SYN (0x16, ^V).
1764 </dd>
1765 <table>
1766 <tr><td>Ps = 0</td><td>Change Icon Name and Window Title to Pt</td></tr>
1767 <tr><td>Ps = 1</td><td>Change Icon Name to Pt</td></tr>
1768 <tr><td>Ps = 2</td><td>Change Window Title to Pt</td></tr>
1769 <tr><td>Ps = 3</td><td>If Pt starts with a ?, query the (STRING) property of the window and return it. If Pt contains a =, set the named property to the given value, else delete the specified property.</td></tr>
1770 <tr><td>Ps = 4</td><td>Pt is a semi-colon separated sequence of one or more semi-colon separated number/name pairs, where number is an index to a colour and name is the name of a colour. Each pair causes the numbered colour to be changed to name. Numbers 0-7 corresponds to low-intensity (normal) colours and 8-15 corresponds to high-intensity colours. 0=black, 1=red, 2=green, 3=yellow, 4=blue, 5=magenta, 6=cyan, 7=white</td></tr>
1771 <tr><td>Ps = 10</td><td>Change colour of text foreground to Pt (NB: may change in future)</td></tr>
1772 <tr><td>Ps = 11</td><td>Change colour of text background to Pt (NB: may change in future)</td></tr>
1773 <tr><td>Ps = 12</td><td>Change colour of text cursor foreground to Pt</td></tr>
1774 <tr><td>Ps = 13</td><td>Change colour of mouse foreground to Pt</td></tr>
1775 <tr><td>Ps = 17</td><td>Change colour of highlight characters to Pt</td></tr>
1776 <tr><td>Ps = 18</td><td>Change colour of bold characters to Pt [deprecated, see 706]</td></tr>
1777 <tr><td>Ps = 19</td><td>Change colour of underlined characters to Pt [deprecated, see 707]</td></tr>
1778 <tr><td>Ps = 20</td><td>Change background pixmap parameters (see section XPM) (Compile XPM).</td></tr>
1779 <tr><td>Ps = 39</td><td>Change default foreground colour to Pt.</td></tr>
1780 <tr><td>Ps = 46</td><td>Change Log File to Pt unimplemented</td></tr>
1781 <tr><td>Ps = 49</td><td>Change default background colour to Pt.</td></tr>
1782 <tr><td>Ps = 50</td><td>Set fontset to Pt, with the following special values of Pt (rxvt) #+n change up n #-n change down n if n is missing of 0, a value of 1 is used empty change to font0 n change to font n</td></tr>
1783 <tr><td>Ps = 55</td><td>Log all scrollback buffer and all of screen to Pt</td></tr>
1784 <tr><td>Ps = 701</td><td>Change current locale to Pt, or, if Pt is ?, return the current locale (Compile frills).</td></tr>
1785 <tr><td>Ps = 702</td><td>Request version if Pt is ?, returning rxvt-unicode, the resource name, the major and minor version numbers, e.g. ESC ] 702 ; rxvt-unicode ; urxvt ; 7 ; 4 ST.</td></tr>
1786 <tr><td>Ps = 704</td><td>Change colour of italic characters to Pt</td></tr>
1787 <tr><td>Ps = 705</td><td>Change background pixmap tint colour to Pt (Compile transparency).</td></tr>
1788 <tr><td>Ps = 706</td><td>Change colour of bold characters to Pt</td></tr>
1789 <tr><td>Ps = 707</td><td>Change colour of underlined characters to Pt</td></tr>
1790 <tr><td>Ps = 710</td><td>Set normal fontset to Pt. Same as Ps = 50.</td></tr>
1791 <tr><td>Ps = 711</td><td>Set bold fontset to Pt. Similar to Ps = 50 (Compile styles).</td></tr>
1792 <tr><td>Ps = 712</td><td>Set italic fontset to Pt. Similar to Ps = 50 (Compile styles).</td></tr>
1793 <tr><td>Ps = 713</td><td>Set bold-italic fontset to Pt. Similar to Ps = 50 (Compile styles).</td></tr>
1794 <tr><td>Ps = 720</td><td>Move viewing window up by Pt lines, or clear scrollback buffer if Pt = 0 (Compile frills).</td></tr>
1795 <tr><td>Ps = 721</td><td>Move viewing window down by Pt lines, or clear scrollback buffer if Pt = 0 (Compile frills).</td></tr>
1796 <tr><td>Ps = 777</td><td>Call the perl extension with the given string, which should be of the form extension:parameters (Compile perl).</td></tr>
1797 </table><p></p></dl>
1798 <p></p>
1799 <p>
1800 </p>
1801 <hr />
1802 <h1><a name="xpm">XPM</a></h1>
1803 <p>For the XPM XTerm escape sequence <strong><code>ESC ] 20 ; Pt ST</code> </strong>&gt; then value
1804 of <strong><a href="#item_pt"><code>Pt</code></a> </strong>&gt; can be the name of the background pixmap followed by a
1805 sequence of scaling/positioning commands separated by semi-colons. The
1806 scaling/positioning commands are as follows:</p>
1807 <dl>
1808 <dt><strong><a name="item_query_scale_2fposition">query scale/position</a></strong><br />
1809 </dt>
1810 <dd>
1811 <strong>?</strong>
1812 </dd>
1813 <p></p>
1814 <dt><strong><a name="item_change_scale_and_position">change scale and position</a></strong><br />
1815 </dt>
1816 <dd>
1817 <strong>WxH+X+Y</strong>
1818 </dd>
1819 <dd>
1820 <p><strong>WxH+X</strong> (== <strong>WxH+X+X</strong>)</p>
1821 </dd>
1822 <dd>
1823 <p><strong>WxH</strong> (same as <strong>WxH+50+50</strong>)</p>
1824 </dd>
1825 <dd>
1826 <p><strong>W+X+Y</strong> (same as <strong>WxW+X+Y</strong>)</p>
1827 </dd>
1828 <dd>
1829 <p><strong>W+X</strong> (same as <strong>WxW+X+X</strong>)</p>
1830 </dd>
1831 <dd>
1832 <p><strong>W</strong> (same as <strong>WxW+50+50</strong>)</p>
1833 </dd>
1834 <p></p>
1835 <dt><strong><a name="item_position">change position (absolute)</a></strong><br />
1836 </dt>
1837 <dd>
1838 <strong>=+X+Y</strong>
1839 </dd>
1840 <dd>
1841 <p><strong>=+X</strong> (same as <strong>=+X+Y</strong>)</p>
1842 </dd>
1843 <p></p>
1844 <dt><strong>change position (relative)</strong><br />
1845 </dt>
1846 <dd>
1847 <strong>+X+Y</strong>
1848 </dd>
1849 <dd>
1850 <p><strong>+X</strong> (same as <strong>+X+Y</strong>)</p>
1851 </dd>
1852 <p></p>
1853 <dt><strong><a name="item_rescale">rescale (relative)</a></strong><br />
1854 </dt>
1855 <dd>
1856 <strong>Wx0</strong> -&gt; <strong>W *= (W/100)</strong>
1857 </dd>
1858 <dd>
1859 <p><strong>0xH</strong> -&gt; <strong>H *= (H/100)</strong></p>
1860 </dd>
1861 <p></p></dl>
1862 <p>For example:</p>
1863 <dl>
1864 <dt><strong><a name="item__5ce_5d20_3bfunky_5ca"><strong>\E]20;funky\a</strong></a></strong><br />
1865 </dt>
1866 <dd>
1867 load <strong>funky.xpm</strong> as a tiled image
1868 </dd>
1869 <p></p>
1870 <dt><strong><a name="item__5ce_5d20_3bmona_3b100_5ca"><strong>\E]20;mona;100\a</strong></a></strong><br />
1871 </dt>
1872 <dd>
1873 load <strong>mona.xpm</strong> with a scaling of 100%
1874 </dd>
1875 <p></p>
1876 <dt><strong><a name="item__5ce_5d20_3b_3b200_3b_3f_5ca"><strong>\E]20;;200;?\a</strong></a></strong><br />
1877 </dt>
1878 <dd>
1879 rescale the current pixmap to 200% and display the image geometry in
1880 the title
1881 </dd>
1882 <p></p></dl>
1883 <p>
1884 </p>
1885 <hr />
1886 <h1><a name="mouse_reporting">Mouse Reporting</a></h1>
1887 <dl>
1888 <dt><strong><a name="item_esc__5b_m__3cb_3e__3cx_3e__3cy_3e"><strong><code>ESC [ M &lt;b&gt; &lt;x&gt; &lt;y&gt;</code> </strong>&gt;</a></strong><br />
1889 </dt>
1890 <dd>
1891 report mouse position
1892 </dd>
1893 <p></p></dl>
1894 <p>The lower 2 bits of <strong><code>&lt;b&gt;</code> </strong>&gt; indicate the button:</p>
1895 <dl>
1896 <dt><strong><a name="item_button__3d__28_3cb_3e__2d_space_29__26_3">Button = <strong><code>(&lt;b&gt; - SPACE) &amp; 3</code> </strong>&gt;</a></strong><br />
1897 </dt>
1898 <table>
1899 <tr><td>0</td><td>Button1 pressed</td></tr>
1900 <tr><td>1</td><td>Button2 pressed</td></tr>
1901 <tr><td>2</td><td>Button3 pressed</td></tr>
1902 <tr><td>3</td><td>button released (X11 mouse report)</td></tr>
1903 </table></dl>
1904 <p>The upper bits of <strong><code>&lt;b&gt;</code> </strong>&gt; indicate the modifiers when the
1905 button was pressed and are added together (X11 mouse report only):</p>
1906 <dl>
1907 <dt><strong><a name="item_state__3d__28_3cb_3e__2d_space_29__26_60">State = <strong><code>(&lt;b&gt; - SPACE) &amp; 60</code> </strong>&gt;</a></strong><br />
1908 </dt>
1909 <table>
1910 <tr><td>4</td><td>Shift</td></tr>
1911 <tr><td>8</td><td>Meta</td></tr>
1912 <tr><td>16</td><td>Control</td></tr>
1913 <tr><td>32</td><td>Double Click (Rxvt extension)</td></tr>
1914 </table><p>Col = <strong><code>&lt;x&gt; - SPACE</code> </strong>&gt;</p>
1915 <p>Row = <strong><code>&lt;y&gt; - SPACE</code> </strong>&gt;</p>
1916 </dl>
1917 <p>
1918 </p>
1919 <hr />
1920 <h1><a name="key_codes">Key Codes</a></h1>
1921 <p>Note: <strong>Shift</strong> + <strong>F1</strong>-<strong>F10</strong> generates <strong>F11</strong>-<strong>F20</strong></p>
1922 <p>For the keypad, use <strong>Shift</strong> to temporarily override Application-Keypad
1923 setting use <strong>Num_Lock</strong> to toggle Application-Keypad setting if
1924 <strong>Num_Lock</strong> is off, toggle Application-Keypad setting. Also note that
1925 values of <strong>Home</strong>, <strong>End</strong>, <strong>Delete</strong> may have been compiled differently on
1926 your system.</p>
1927 <table>
1928 <tr><td></td><td>Normal</td><td>Shift</td><td>Control</td><td>Ctrl+Shift</td></tr>
1929 <tr><td>Tab</td><td>^I</td><td>ESC [ Z</td><td>^I</td><td>ESC [ Z</td></tr>
1930 <tr><td>BackSpace</td><td>^H</td><td>^?</td><td>^?</td><td>^?</td></tr>
1931 <tr><td>Find</td><td>ESC [ 1 ~</td><td>ESC [ 1 $</td><td>ESC [ 1 ^</td><td>ESC [ 1 @</td></tr>
1932 <tr><td>Insert</td><td>ESC [ 2 ~</td><td>paste</td><td>ESC [ 2 ^</td><td>ESC [ 2 @</td></tr>
1933 <tr><td>Execute</td><td>ESC [ 3 ~</td><td>ESC [ 3 $</td><td>ESC [ 3 ^</td><td>ESC [ 3 @</td></tr>
1934 <tr><td>Select</td><td>ESC [ 4 ~</td><td>ESC [ 4 $</td><td>ESC [ 4 ^</td><td>ESC [ 4 @</td></tr>
1935 <tr><td>Prior</td><td>ESC [ 5 ~</td><td>scroll-up</td><td>ESC [ 5 ^</td><td>ESC [ 5 @</td></tr>
1936 <tr><td>Next</td><td>ESC [ 6 ~</td><td>scroll-down</td><td>ESC [ 6 ^</td><td>ESC [ 6 @</td></tr>
1937 <tr><td>Home</td><td>ESC [ 7 ~</td><td>ESC [ 7 $</td><td>ESC [ 7 ^</td><td>ESC [ 7 @</td></tr>
1938 <tr><td>End</td><td>ESC [ 8 ~</td><td>ESC [ 8 $</td><td>ESC [ 8 ^</td><td>ESC [ 8 @</td></tr>
1939 <tr><td>Delete</td><td>ESC [ 3 ~</td><td>ESC [ 3 $</td><td>ESC [ 3 ^</td><td>ESC [ 3 @</td></tr>
1940 <tr><td>F1</td><td>ESC [ 11 ~</td><td>ESC [ 23 ~</td><td>ESC [ 11 ^</td><td>ESC [ 23 ^</td></tr>
1941 <tr><td>F2</td><td>ESC [ 12 ~</td><td>ESC [ 24 ~</td><td>ESC [ 12 ^</td><td>ESC [ 24 ^</td></tr>
1942 <tr><td>F3</td><td>ESC [ 13 ~</td><td>ESC [ 25 ~</td><td>ESC [ 13 ^</td><td>ESC [ 25 ^</td></tr>
1943 <tr><td>F4</td><td>ESC [ 14 ~</td><td>ESC [ 26 ~</td><td>ESC [ 14 ^</td><td>ESC [ 26 ^</td></tr>
1944 <tr><td>F5</td><td>ESC [ 15 ~</td><td>ESC [ 28 ~</td><td>ESC [ 15 ^</td><td>ESC [ 28 ^</td></tr>
1945 <tr><td>F6</td><td>ESC [ 17 ~</td><td>ESC [ 29 ~</td><td>ESC [ 17 ^</td><td>ESC [ 29 ^</td></tr>
1946 <tr><td>F7</td><td>ESC [ 18 ~</td><td>ESC [ 31 ~</td><td>ESC [ 18 ^</td><td>ESC [ 31 ^</td></tr>
1947 <tr><td>F8</td><td>ESC [ 19 ~</td><td>ESC [ 32 ~</td><td>ESC [ 19 ^</td><td>ESC [ 32 ^</td></tr>
1948 <tr><td>F9</td><td>ESC [ 20 ~</td><td>ESC [ 33 ~</td><td>ESC [ 20 ^</td><td>ESC [ 33 ^</td></tr>
1949 <tr><td>F10</td><td>ESC [ 21 ~</td><td>ESC [ 34 ~</td><td>ESC [ 21 ^</td><td>ESC [ 34 ^</td></tr>
1950 <tr><td>F11</td><td>ESC [ 23 ~</td><td>ESC [ 23 $</td><td>ESC [ 23 ^</td><td>ESC [ 23 @</td></tr>
1951 <tr><td>F12</td><td>ESC [ 24 ~</td><td>ESC [ 24 $</td><td>ESC [ 24 ^</td><td>ESC [ 24 @</td></tr>
1952 <tr><td>F13</td><td>ESC [ 25 ~</td><td>ESC [ 25 $</td><td>ESC [ 25 ^</td><td>ESC [ 25 @</td></tr>
1953 <tr><td>F14</td><td>ESC [ 26 ~</td><td>ESC [ 26 $</td><td>ESC [ 26 ^</td><td>ESC [ 26 @</td></tr>
1954 <tr><td>F15 (Help)</td><td>ESC [ 28 ~</td><td>ESC [ 28 $</td><td>ESC [ 28 ^</td><td>ESC [ 28 @</td></tr>
1955 <tr><td>F16 (Menu)</td><td>ESC [ 29 ~</td><td>ESC [ 29 $</td><td>ESC [ 29 ^</td><td>ESC [ 29 @</td></tr>
1956 <tr><td>F17</td><td>ESC [ 31 ~</td><td>ESC [ 31 $</td><td>ESC [ 31 ^</td><td>ESC [ 31 @</td></tr>
1957 <tr><td>F18</td><td>ESC [ 32 ~</td><td>ESC [ 32 $</td><td>ESC [ 32 ^</td><td>ESC [ 32 @</td></tr>
1958 <tr><td>F19</td><td>ESC [ 33 ~</td><td>ESC [ 33 $</td><td>ESC [ 33 ^</td><td>ESC [ 33 @</td></tr>
1959 <tr><td>F20</td><td>ESC [ 34 ~</td><td>ESC [ 34 $</td><td>ESC [ 34 ^</td><td>ESC [ 34 @</td></tr>
1960 <tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>Application</td></tr>
1961 <tr><td>Up</td><td>ESC [ A</td><td>ESC [ a</td><td>ESC O a</td><td>ESC O A</td></tr>
1962 <tr><td>Down</td><td>ESC [ B</td><td>ESC [ b</td><td>ESC O b</td><td>ESC O B</td></tr>
1963 <tr><td>Right</td><td>ESC [ C</td><td>ESC [ c</td><td>ESC O c</td><td>ESC O C</td></tr>
1964 <tr><td>Left</td><td>ESC [ D</td><td>ESC [ d</td><td>ESC O d</td><td>ESC O D</td></tr>
1965 <tr><td>KP_Enter</td><td>^M</td><td></td><td></td><td>ESC O M</td></tr>
1966 <tr><td>KP_F1</td><td>ESC O P</td><td></td><td></td><td>ESC O P</td></tr>
1967 <tr><td>KP_F2</td><td>ESC O Q</td><td></td><td></td><td>ESC O Q</td></tr>
1968 <tr><td>KP_F3</td><td>ESC O R</td><td></td><td></td><td>ESC O R</td></tr>
1969 <tr><td>KP_F4</td><td>ESC O S</td><td></td><td></td><td>ESC O S</td></tr>
1970 <tr><td>XK_KP_Multiply</td><td>*</td><td></td><td></td><td>ESC O j</td></tr>
1971 <tr><td>XK_KP_Add</td><td>+</td><td></td><td></td><td>ESC O k</td></tr>
1972 <tr><td>XK_KP_Separator</td><td>,</td><td></td><td></td><td>ESC O l</td></tr>
1973 <tr><td>XK_KP_Subtract</td><td>-</td><td></td><td></td><td>ESC O m</td></tr>
1974 <tr><td>XK_KP_Decimal</td><td>.</td><td></td><td></td><td>ESC O n</td></tr>
1975 <tr><td>XK_KP_Divide</td><td>/</td><td></td><td></td><td>ESC O o</td></tr>
1976 <tr><td>XK_KP_0</td><td>0</td><td></td><td></td><td>ESC O p</td></tr>
1977 <tr><td>XK_KP_1</td><td>1</td><td></td><td></td><td>ESC O q</td></tr>
1978 <tr><td>XK_KP_2</td><td>2</td><td></td><td></td><td>ESC O r</td></tr>
1979 <tr><td>XK_KP_3</td><td>3</td><td></td><td></td><td>ESC O s</td></tr>
1980 <tr><td>XK_KP_4</td><td>4</td><td></td><td></td><td>ESC O t</td></tr>
1981 <tr><td>XK_KP_5</td><td>5</td><td></td><td></td><td>ESC O u</td></tr>
1982 <tr><td>XK_KP_6</td><td>6</td><td></td><td></td><td>ESC O v</td></tr>
1983 <tr><td>XK_KP_7</td><td>7</td><td></td><td></td><td>ESC O w</td></tr>
1984 <tr><td>XK_KP_8</td><td>8</td><td></td><td></td><td>ESC O x</td></tr>
1985 <tr><td>XK_KP_9</td><td>9</td><td></td><td></td><td>ESC O y</td></tr>
1986 </table><p>
1987 </p>
1988 <hr />
1989 <h1><a name="configure_options">CONFIGURE OPTIONS</a></h1>
1990 <p>General hint: if you get compile errors, then likely your configuration
1991 hasn't been tested well. Either try with <a href="#item__2d_2denable_2deverything"><code>--enable-everything</code></a> or use
1992 the <em>./reconf</em> script as a base for experiments. <em>./reconf</em> is used by
1993 myself, so it should generally be a working config. Of course, you should
1994 always report when a combination doesn't work, so it can be fixed. Marc
1995 Lehmann &lt;<a href="mailto:rxvt@schmorp.de">rxvt@schmorp.de</a>&gt;.</p>
1996 <p>All</p>
1997 <dl>
1998 <dt><strong><a name="item__2d_2denable_2deverything">--enable-everything</a></strong><br />
1999 </dt>
2000 <dd>
2001 Add (or remove) support for all non-multichoice options listed in ``./configure
2002 --help''.
2003 </dd>
2004 <dd>
2005 <p>You can specify this and then disable options you do not like by
2006 <em>following</em> this with the appropriate <code>--disable-...</code> arguments,
2007 or you can start with a minimal configuration by specifying
2008 <code>--disable-everything</code> and than adding just the <code>--enable-...</code> arguments
2009 you want.</p>
2010 </dd>
2011 <p></p>
2012 <dt><strong><a name="item_xft">--enable-xft (default: enabled)</a></strong><br />
2013 </dt>
2014 <dd>
2015 Add support for Xft (anti-aliases, among others) fonts. Xft fonts are
2016 slower and require lots of memory, but as long as you don't use them, you
2017 don't pay for them.
2018 </dd>
2019 <p></p>
2020 <dt><strong><a name="item_styles">--enable-font-styles (default: on)</a></strong><br />
2021 </dt>
2022 <dd>
2023 Add support for <strong>bold</strong>, <em>italic</em> and <strong><em>bold italic</em> </strong>&gt; font
2024 styles. The fonts can be set manually or automatically.
2025 </dd>
2026 <p></p>
2027 <dt><strong><a name="item__2d_2dwith_2dcodesets_3dname_2c_2e_2e_2e__28defaul">--with-codesets=NAME,... (default: all)</a></strong><br />
2028 </dt>
2029 <dd>
2030 Compile in support for additional codeset (encoding) groups (<code>eu</code>, <code>vn</code>
2031 are always compiled in, which includes most 8-bit character sets). These
2032 codeset tables are used for driving X11 core fonts, they are not required
2033 for Xft fonts, although having them compiled in lets rxvt-unicode choose
2034 replacement fonts more intelligently. Compiling them in will make your
2035 binary bigger (all of together cost about 700kB), but it doesn't increase
2036 memory usage unless you use a font requiring one of these encodings.
2037 </dd>
2038 <table>
2039 <tr><td>all</td><td>all available codeset groups</td></tr>
2040 <tr><td>zh</td><td>common chinese encodings</td></tr>
2041 <tr><td>zh_ext</td><td>rarely used but very big chinese encodigs</td></tr>
2042 <tr><td>jp</td><td>common japanese encodings</td></tr>
2043 <tr><td>jp_ext</td><td>rarely used but big japanese encodings</td></tr>
2044 <tr><td>kr</td><td>korean encodings</td></tr>
2045 </table><p></p>
2046 <dt><strong><a name="item_xim">--enable-xim (default: on)</a></strong><br />
2047 </dt>
2048 <dd>
2049 Add support for XIM (X Input Method) protocol. This allows using
2050 alternative input methods (e.g. kinput2) and will also correctly
2051 set up the input for people using dead keys or compose keys.
2052 </dd>
2053 <p></p>
2054 <dt><strong><a name="item_unicode3">--enable-unicode3 (default: off)</a></strong><br />
2055 </dt>
2056 <dd>
2057 Recommended to stay off unless you really need non-BMP characters.
2058 </dd>
2059 <dd>
2060 <p>Enable direct support for displaying unicode codepoints above
2061 65535 (the basic multilingual page). This increases storage
2062 requirements per character from 2 to 4 bytes. X11 fonts do not yet
2063 support these extra characters, but Xft does.</p>
2064 </dd>
2065 <dd>
2066 <p>Please note that rxvt-unicode can store unicode code points &gt;65535
2067 even without this flag, but the number of such characters is
2068 limited to a view thousand (shared with combining characters,
2069 see next switch), and right now rxvt-unicode cannot display them
2070 (input/output and cut&amp;paste still work, though).</p>
2071 </dd>
2072 <p></p>
2073 <dt><strong><a name="item_combining">--enable-combining (default: on)</a></strong><br />
2074 </dt>
2075 <dd>
2076 Enable automatic composition of combining characters into
2077 composite characters. This is required for proper viewing of text
2078 where accents are encoded as seperate unicode characters. This is
2079 done by using precomposited characters when available or creating
2080 new pseudo-characters when no precomposed form exists.
2081 </dd>
2082 <dd>
2083 <p>Without --enable-unicode3, the number of additional precomposed
2084 characters is somewhat limited (the 6400 private use characters will be
2085 (ab-)used). With --enable-unicode3, no practical limit exists.</p>
2086 </dd>
2087 <dd>
2088 <p>This option will also enable storage (but not display) of characters
2089 beyond plane 0 (&gt;65535) when --enable-unicode3 was not specified.</p>
2090 </dd>
2091 <dd>
2092 <p>The combining table also contains entries for arabic presentation forms,
2093 but these are not currently used. Bug me if you want these to be used (and
2094 tell me how these are to be used...).</p>
2095 </dd>
2096 <p></p>
2097 <dt><strong><a name="item_fallback">--enable-fallback(=CLASS) (default: Rxvt)</a></strong><br />
2098 </dt>
2099 <dd>
2100 When reading resource settings, also read settings for class CLASS. To
2101 disable resource fallback use --disable-fallback.
2102 </dd>
2103 <p></p>
2104 <dt><strong><a name="item_name">--with-res-name=NAME (default: urxvt)</a></strong><br />
2105 </dt>
2106 <dd>
2107 Use the given name as default application name when
2108 reading resources. Specify --with-res-name=rxvt to replace rxvt.
2109 </dd>
2110 <p></p>
2111 <dt><strong><a name="item__2d_2dwith_2dres_2dclass_3dclass__2fdefault_3a_urx">--with-res-class=CLASS /default: URxvt)</a></strong><br />
2112 </dt>
2113 <dd>
2114 Use the given class as default application class
2115 when reading resources. Specify --with-res-class=Rxvt to replace
2116 rxvt.
2117 </dd>
2118 <p></p>
2119 <dt><strong><a name="item_utmp">--enable-utmp (default: on)</a></strong><br />
2120 </dt>
2121 <dd>
2122 Write user and tty to utmp file (used by programs like <em>w</em>) at
2123 start of rxvt execution and delete information when rxvt exits.
2124 </dd>
2125 <p></p>
2126 <dt><strong><a name="item_wtmp">--enable-wtmp (default: on)</a></strong><br />
2127 </dt>
2128 <dd>
2129 Write user and tty to wtmp file (used by programs like <em>last</em>) at
2130 start of rxvt execution and write logout when rxvt exits. This
2131 option requires --enable-utmp to also be specified.
2132 </dd>
2133 <p></p>
2134 <dt><strong><a name="item_lastlog">--enable-lastlog (default: on)</a></strong><br />
2135 </dt>
2136 <dd>
2137 Write user and tty to lastlog file (used by programs like
2138 <em>lastlogin</em>) at start of rxvt execution. This option requires
2139 --enable-utmp to also be specified.
2140 </dd>
2141 <p></p>
2142 <dt><strong><a name="item_background">--enable-xpm-background (default: on)</a></strong><br />
2143 </dt>
2144 <dd>
2145 Add support for XPM background pixmaps.
2146 </dd>
2147 <p></p>
2148 <dt><strong><a name="item_transparency">--enable-transparency (default: on)</a></strong><br />
2149 </dt>
2150 <dd>
2151 Add support for inheriting parent backgrounds thus giving a fake
2152 transparency to the term.
2153 </dd>
2154 <p></p>
2155 <dt><strong><a name="item_fading">--enable-fading (default: on)</a></strong><br />
2156 </dt>
2157 <dd>
2158 Add support for fading the text when focus is lost (requires <code>--enable-transparency</code>).
2159 </dd>
2160 <p></p>
2161 <dt><strong><a name="item_tinting">--enable-tinting (default: on)</a></strong><br />
2162 </dt>
2163 <dd>
2164 Add support for tinting of transparent backgrounds (requires <code>--enable-transparency</code>).
2165 </dd>
2166 <p></p>
2167 <dt><strong><a name="item_scroll">--enable-rxvt-scroll (default: on)</a></strong><br />
2168 </dt>
2169 <dd>
2170 Add support for the original rxvt scrollbar.
2171 </dd>
2172 <p></p>
2173 <dt><strong>--enable-next-scroll (default: on)</strong><br />
2174 </dt>
2175 <dd>
2176 Add support for a NeXT-like scrollbar.
2177 </dd>
2178 <p></p>
2179 <dt><strong>--enable-xterm-scroll (default: on)</strong><br />
2180 </dt>
2181 <dd>
2182 Add support for an Xterm-like scrollbar.
2183 </dd>
2184 <p></p>
2185 <dt><strong>--enable-plain-scroll (default: on)</strong><br />
2186 </dt>
2187 <dd>
2188 Add support for a very unobtrusive, plain-looking scrollbar that
2189 is the favourite of the rxvt-unicode author, having used it for
2190 many years.
2191 </dd>
2192 <p></p>
2193 <dt><strong><a name="item_ttygid">--enable-ttygid (default: off)</a></strong><br />
2194 </dt>
2195 <dd>
2196 Change tty device setting to group ``tty'' - only use this if
2197 your system uses this type of security.
2198 </dd>
2199 <p></p>
2200 <dt><strong><a name="item__2d_2ddisable_2dbackspace_2dkey">--disable-backspace-key</a></strong><br />
2201 </dt>
2202 <dd>
2203 Removes any handling of the backspace key by us - let the X server do it.
2204 </dd>
2205 <p></p>
2206 <dt><strong><a name="item__2d_2ddisable_2ddelete_2dkey">--disable-delete-key</a></strong><br />
2207 </dt>
2208 <dd>
2209 Removes any handling of the delete key by us - let the X server
2210 do it.
2211 </dd>
2212 <p></p>
2213 <dt><strong><a name="item__2d_2ddisable_2dresources">--disable-resources</a></strong><br />
2214 </dt>
2215 <dd>
2216 Removes any support for resource checking.
2217 </dd>
2218 <p></p>
2219 <dt><strong><a name="item__2d_2ddisable_2dswapscreen">--disable-swapscreen</a></strong><br />
2220 </dt>
2221 <dd>
2222 Remove support for secondary/swap screen.
2223 </dd>
2224 <p></p>
2225 <dt><strong><a name="item_frills">--enable-frills (default: on)</a></strong><br />
2226 </dt>
2227 <dd>
2228 Add support for many small features that are not essential but nice to
2229 have. Normally you want this, but for very small binaries you may want to
2230 disable this.
2231 </dd>
2232 <dd>
2233 <p>A non-exhaustive list of features enabled by <code>--enable-frills</code> (possibly
2234 in combination with other switches) is:</p>
2235 </dd>
2236 <dd>
2237 <pre>
2238 MWM-hints
2239 EWMH-hints (pid, utf8 names) and protocols (ping)
2240 seperate underline colour (-underlineColor)
2241 settable border widths and borderless switch (-w, -b, -bl)
2242 visual depth selection (-depth)
2243 settable extra linespacing /-lsp)
2244 iso-14755-2 and -3, and visual feedback
2245 tripleclickwords (-tcw)
2246 settable insecure mode (-insecure)
2247 keysym remapping support
2248 cursor blinking and underline cursor (-cb, -uc)
2249 XEmbed support (-embed)
2250 user-pty (-pty-fd)
2251 hold on exit (-hold)
2252 skip builtin block graphics (-sbg)</pre>
2253 </dd>
2254 <dd>
2255 <p>It also enabled some non-essential features otherwise disabled, such as:</p>
2256 </dd>
2257 <dd>
2258 <pre>
2259 some round-trip time optimisations
2260 nearest color allocation on pseudocolor screens
2261 UTF8_STRING supporr for selection
2262 sgr modes 90..97 and 100..107
2263 backindex and forwardindex escape sequences
2264 view change/zero scorllback esacpe sequences
2265 locale switching escape sequence
2266 window op and some xterm/OSC escape sequences
2267 rectangular selections
2268 trailing space removal for selections
2269 verbose X error handling</pre>
2270 </dd>
2271 <p></p>
2272 <dt><strong><a name="item_iso14755">--enable-iso14755 (default: on)</a></strong><br />
2273 </dt>
2274 <dd>
2275 Enable extended ISO 14755 support (see rxvt(1), or
2276 <em>doc/rxvt.1.txt</em>). Basic support (section 5.1) is enabled by
2277 <code>--enable-frills</code>, while support for 5.2, 5.3 and 5.4 is enabled with
2278 this switch.
2279 </dd>
2280 <p></p>
2281 <dt><strong><a name="item_keepscrolling">--enable-keepscrolling (default: on)</a></strong><br />
2282 </dt>
2283 <dd>
2284 Add support for continual scrolling of the display when you hold
2285 the mouse button down on a scrollbar arrow.
2286 </dd>
2287 <p></p>
2288 <dt><strong><a name="item_mousewheel">--enable-mousewheel (default: on)</a></strong><br />
2289 </dt>
2290 <dd>
2291 Add support for scrolling via mouse wheel or buttons 4 &amp; 5.
2292 </dd>
2293 <p></p>
2294 <dt><strong><a name="item_slipwheeling">--enable-slipwheeling (default: on)</a></strong><br />
2295 </dt>
2296 <dd>
2297 Add support for continual scrolling (using the mouse wheel as an
2298 accelerator) while the control key is held down. This option
2299 requires --enable-mousewheel to also be specified.
2300 </dd>
2301 <p></p>
2302 <dt><strong><a name="item__2d_2ddisable_2dnew_2dselection">--disable-new-selection</a></strong><br />
2303 </dt>
2304 <dd>
2305 Remove support for mouse selection style like that of xterm.
2306 </dd>
2307 <p></p>
2308 <dt><strong><a name="item_dmalloc">--enable-dmalloc (default: off)</a></strong><br />
2309 </dt>
2310 <dd>
2311 Use Gray Watson's malloc - which is good for debugging See
2312 <a href="http://www.letters.com/dmalloc/">http://www.letters.com/dmalloc/</a> for details If you use either this or the
2313 next option, you may need to edit src/Makefile after compiling to point
2314 DINCLUDE and DLIB to the right places.
2315 </dd>
2316 <dd>
2317 <p>You can only use either this option and the following (should
2318 you use either) .</p>
2319 </dd>
2320 <p></p>
2321 <dt><strong><a name="item_dlmalloc">--enable-dlmalloc (default: off)</a></strong><br />
2322 </dt>
2323 <dd>
2324 Use Doug Lea's malloc - which is good for a production version
2325 See <a href="http://g.oswego.edu/dl/html/malloc.html">http://g.oswego.edu/dl/html/malloc.html</a> for details.
2326 </dd>
2327 <p></p>
2328 <dt><strong><a name="item_resize">--enable-smart-resize (default: on)</a></strong><br />
2329 </dt>
2330 <dd>
2331 Add smart growth/shrink behaviour when changing font size via hot
2332 keys. This should keep the window corner which is closest to a corner of
2333 the screen in a fixed position.
2334 </dd>
2335 <p></p>
2336 <dt><strong><a name="item_blank">--enable-pointer-blank (default: on)</a></strong><br />
2337 </dt>
2338 <dd>
2339 Add support to have the pointer disappear when typing or inactive.
2340 </dd>
2341 <p></p>
2342 <dt><strong><a name="item_perl">--enable-perl (default: on)</a></strong><br />
2343 </dt>
2344 <dd>
2345 Enable an embedded perl interpreter. See the <strong>rxvtperl(3)</strong>
2346 manpage (<em>doc/rxvtperl.txt</em>) for more info on this feature, or the files
2347 in <em>src/perl-ext/</em> for the extensions that are installed by default. The
2348 perl interpreter that is used can be specified via the <code>PERL</code> environment
2349 variable when running configure.
2350 </dd>
2351 <p></p>
2352 <dt><strong>--with-name=NAME (default: urxvt)</strong><br />
2353 </dt>
2354 <dd>
2355 Set the basename for the installed binaries, resulting
2356 in <code>urxvt</code>, <code>urxvtd</code> etc.). Specify <code>--with-name=rxvt</code> to replace with
2357 <code>rxvt</code>.
2358 </dd>
2359 <p></p>
2360 <dt><strong>--with-term=NAME (default: rxvt-unicode)</strong><br />
2361 </dt>
2362 <dd>
2363 Change the environmental variable for the terminal to NAME.
2364 </dd>
2365 <p></p>
2366 <dt><strong><a name="item__2d_2dwith_2dterminfo_3dpath">--with-terminfo=PATH</a></strong><br />
2367 </dt>
2368 <dd>
2369 Change the environmental variable for the path to the terminfo tree to
2370 PATH.
2371 </dd>
2372 <p></p>
2373 <dt><strong><a name="item__2d_2dwith_2dx">--with-x</a></strong><br />
2374 </dt>
2375 <dd>
2376 Use the X Window System (pretty much default, eh?).
2377 </dd>
2378 <p></p>
2379 <dt><strong><a name="item__2d_2dwith_2dxpm_2dincludes_3ddir">--with-xpm-includes=DIR</a></strong><br />
2380 </dt>
2381 <dd>
2382 Look for the XPM includes in DIR.
2383 </dd>
2384 <p></p>
2385 <dt><strong><a name="item__2d_2dwith_2dxpm_2dlibrary_3ddir">--with-xpm-library=DIR</a></strong><br />
2386 </dt>
2387 <dd>
2388 Look for the XPM library in DIR.
2389 </dd>
2390 <p></p>
2391 <dt><strong><a name="item__2d_2dwith_2dxpm">--with-xpm</a></strong><br />
2392 </dt>
2393 <dd>
2394 Not needed - define via --enable-xpm-background.
2395 </dd>
2396 <p></p></dl>
2397 <p>
2398 </p>
2399 <hr />
2400 <h1><a name="authors">AUTHORS</a></h1>
2401 <p>Marc Lehmann &lt;<a href="mailto:rxvt@schmorp.de">rxvt@schmorp.de</a>&gt; converted this document to pod and
2402 reworked it from the original Rxvt documentation, which was done by Geoff
2403 Wing &lt;<a href="mailto:gcw@pobox.com">gcw@pobox.com</a>&gt;, who in turn used the XTerm documentation and other
2404 sources.</p>
2405
2406 </body>
2407
2408 </html>