--- rxvt-unicode/doc/rxvt.7.html 2006/01/31 00:25:16 1.54 +++ rxvt-unicode/doc/rxvt.7.html 2006/01/31 01:02:19 1.59 @@ -16,6 +16,67 @@
tic
outputs some error when compiling the terminfo entry.bash
's readline does not work correctly under rxvt.ls
no longer have coloured output?Ctrl-Shift-2
to get an ASCII NUL character due to ISO 14755+
+If you want to select e.g. alphanumeric words, you can use the following +setting:
URxvt.selection.pattern-0: ([[:word:]]+)-
If you click more than twice, the selection will be extended more and more.
-To get a selection that is very similar to the old code, try this pattern:
-URxvt.selection.pattern-0: ([^"&'()*,;<=>?@[\\\\]^`{|})]+)-
Please also note that the LeftClick Shift-LeftClik combination also selects words like the old code.
-+
+You can disable the perl extension completely by setting the perl-ext-common resource to the empty string, which also keeps -rxvt-unicode from initialising perl, saving memory. -
If you only want to disable specific features, you first have to
identify which perl extension is responsible. For this, read the section
PREPACKAGED EXTENSIONS in the rxvtperl(3)
manpage. For
example, to disable the selection-popup and option-popup, specify
this perl-ext-common resource:
URxvt.perl-ext-common: default,-selection-popup,-option-popup-
This will keep the default extensions, but disable the two popup extensions. Some extensions can also be configured, for example, scrollback search mode is triggered by M-s. You can move it to any other combination either by setting the searchable-scrollback resource:
-URxvt.searchable-scrollback: CM-s-
+
+See next entry.
++
+These are caused by the readline
perl extension. Under normal
+circumstances, it will move your cursor around when you click into the
+line that contains it. It tries hard not to do this at the wrong moment,
+but when running a program that doesn't parse cursor movements or in some
+cases during rlogin sessions, it fails to detect this properly.
You can permamently switch this feature off by disabling the readline
+extension:
+ URxvt.perl-ext-common: default,-readline+
+
+Well, why, indeed? It does, in a way very similar to other X applications. Most importantly, this means that if you or your OS loads resources into the X display (the right way to do it), rxvt-unicode will ignore any resource files in your home directory. It will only read -$HOME/.Xdefaults when no resources are attached to the display. -
If you have or use an $HOME/.Xresources file, chances are that resources are loaded into your X-server. In this case, you have to re-login after every change (or run xrdb -merge $HOME/.Xresources).
-Also consider the form resources have to use:
-URxvt.resource: value-
If you want to use another form (there are lots of different ways of specifying resources), make sure you understand wether and why it works. If unsure, use the form above.
-+
+First of all, transparency isn't officially supported in rxvt-unicode, so you are mostly on your own. Do not bug the author about it (but you may bug everybody else). Also, if you can't get it working consider it a rite -of passage: ... and you failed. -
Here are four ways to get transparency. Do read the manpage and option descriptions for the programs mentioned and rxvt-unicode. Really, do it!
-1. Use inheritPixmap:
-Esetroot wallpaper.jpg rxvt -ip -tint red -sh 40-
That works. If you think it doesn't, you lack transparency and tinting support, or you are unable to read.
-2. Use a simple pixmap and emulate pseudo-transparency. This enables you to use effects other than tinting and shading: Just shade/tint/whatever your picture with gimp:
-convert wallpaper.jpg -blur 20x20 -modulate 30 background.xpm rxvt -pixmap background.xpm -pe automove-background-
That works. If you think it doesn't, you lack XPM and Perl support, or you are unable to read.
-3. Use an ARGB visual:
-rxvt -depth 32 -fg grey90 -bg rgba:0000/0000/4444/cccc-
This requires XFT support, and the support of your X-server. If that doesn't work for you, blame Xorg and Keith Packard. ARGB visuals aren't there yet, no matter what they claim. Rxvt-Unicode contains the neccessary bugfixes and workarounds for Xft and Xlib to make it work, but that doesn't mean that your WM has the required kludges in place.
-4. Use xcompmgr and let it do the job:
-xprop -frame -f _NET_WM_WINDOW_OPACITY 32c \ -set _NET_WM_WINDOW_OPACITY 0xc0000000-
Then click on a window you want to make transparent. Replace 0xc0000000
by other values to change the degree of opacity. If it doesn't work and
your server crashes, you got to keep the pieces.
+
+I often get asked about this, and I think, no, they didn't cause extra
bloat. If you compare a minimal rxvt and a minimal urxvt, you can see
that the urxvt binary is larger (due to some encoding tables always being
compiled in), but it actually uses less memory (RSS) after startup. Even
with --disable-everything
, this comparison is a bit unfair, as many
features unique to urxvt (locale, encoding conversion, iso14755 etc.) are
-already in use in this mode.
-
text data bss drs rss filename 98398 1664 24 15695 1824 rxvt --disable-everything 188985 9048 66616 18222 1788 urxvt --disable-everything-
When you --enable-everything
(which _is_ unfair, as this involves xft
and full locale/XIM support which are quite bloaty inside libX11 and my
libc), the two diverge, but not unreasnobaly so.
text data bss drs rss filename 163431 2152 24 20123 2060 rxvt --enable-everything 1035683 49680 66648 29096 3680 urxvt --enable-everything-
The very large size of the text section is explained by the east-asian encoding tables, which, if unused, take up disk space but nothing else and can be compiled out unless you rely on X11 core fonts that use those @@ -250,231 +256,160 @@ memory). Also, using an xft font instead of a core font immediately adds a few megabytes of RSS. Xft indeed is responsible for a lot of RSS even when not used.
-Of course, due to every character using two or four bytes instead of one, a large scrollback buffer will ultimately make rxvt-unicode use more memory.
-Compared to e.g. Eterm (5112k), aterm (3132k) and xterm (4680k), this still fares rather well. And compared to some monsters like gnome-terminal (21152k + extra 4204k in separate processes) or konsole (22200k + extra 43180k in daemons that stay around after exit, plus half a minute of startup time, including the hundreds of warnings it spits out), it fares extremely well *g*.
-+
+Is this a question? :) It comes up very often. The simple answer is: I had to write it, and C++ allowed me to write and maintain it in a fraction of the time and effort (which is a scarce resource for me). Put even -shorter: It simply wouldn't exist without C++. -
My personal stance on this is that C++ is less portable than C, but in the case of rxvt-unicode this hardly matters, as its portability limits are defined by things like X11, pseudo terminals, locale support and unix domain sockets, which are all less portable than C++ itself.
-Regarding the bloat, see the above question: It's easy to write programs in C that use gobs of memory, an certainly possible to write programs in C++ that don't. C++ also often comes with large libraries, but this is not necessarily the case with GCC. Here is what rxvt links against on my system with a minimal config:
-libX11.so.6 => /usr/X11R6/lib/libX11.so.6 (0x00002aaaaabc3000) libc.so.6 => /lib/libc.so.6 (0x00002aaaaadde000) libdl.so.2 => /lib/libdl.so.2 (0x00002aaaab01d000) /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (0x00002aaaaaaab000)-
And here is rxvt-unicode:
-libX11.so.6 => /usr/X11R6/lib/libX11.so.6 (0x00002aaaaabc3000) libgcc_s.so.1 => /lib/libgcc_s.so.1 (0x00002aaaaada2000) libc.so.6 => /lib/libc.so.6 (0x00002aaaaaeb0000) libdl.so.2 => /lib/libdl.so.2 (0x00002aaaab0ee000) /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (0x00002aaaaaaab000)-
No large bloated libraries (of course, none were linked in statically), except maybe libX11 :)
-+
+Beginning with version 7.3, there is a perl extension that implements a simple tabbed terminal. It is installed by default, so any of these should -give you tabs: -
rxvt -pe tabbed-
URxvt.perl-ext-common: default,tabbed-
It will also work fine with tabbing functionality of many window managers
or similar tabbing programs, and its embedding-features allow it to be
embedded into other programs, as witnessed by doc/rxvt-tabbed or
the upcoming Gtk2::URxvt
perl module, which features a tabbed urxvt
(murxvt) terminal as an example embedding application.
+
+The version number is displayed with the usage (-h). Also the escape
sequence ESC [ 8 n
sets the window title to the version number. When
using the rxvtc client, the version displayed is that of the
-daemon.
-
+
+The Debian GNU/Linux package of rxvt-unicode in sarge contains large
patches that considerably change the behaviour of rxvt-unicode (but
unfortunately this notice has been removed). Before reporting a bug to
the original rxvt-unicode author please download and install the genuine
version (http://software.schmorp.de#rxvt-unicode) and try to reproduce
the problem. If you cannot, chances are that the problems are specific to
Debian GNU/Linux, in which case it should be reported via the Debian Bug
-Tracking System (use reportbug
to report the bug).
-
reportbug
to report the bug).
For other problems that also affect the Debian package, you can and probably should use the Debian BTS, too, because, after all, it's also a bug in the Debian version and it serves as a reminder for other users that might encounter the same issue.
-+
+You should build one binary with the default options. configure now enables most useful options, and the trend goes to making them runtime-switchable, too, so there is usually no drawback to enbaling them, except higher disk and possibly memory usage. The perl interpreter should be enabled, as important functionality (menus, selection, likely more in -the future) depends on it. -
You should not overwrite the perl-ext-common
snd perl-ext
resources
system-wide (except maybe with defaults
). This will result in useful
behaviour. If your distribution aims at low memory, add an empty
perl-ext-common
resource to the app-defaults file. This will keep the
perl interpreter disabled until the user enables it.
If you can/want build more binaries, I recommend building a minimal
one with --disable-everything
(very useful) and a maximal one with
--enable-everything
(less useful, it will be very big due to a lot of
encodings built-in that increase download times and are rarely used).
+
+It should be, starting with release 7.1. You are encouraged to properly +install urxvt with privileges necessary for your OS now.
When rxvt-unicode detects that it runs setuid or setgid, it will fork into a helper process for privileged operations (pty handling on some systems, utmp/wtmp/lastlog handling on others) and drop privileges immediately. This is much safer than most other terminals that keep privileges while running (but is more relevant to urxvt, as it contains things as perl interpreters, which might be ``helpful'' to attackers).
-This forking is done as the very first within main(), which is very early and reduces possible bugs to initialisation code run before main(), or things like the dynamic loader of your system, which should result in very little risk.
-+
+The terminal description used by rxvt-unicode is not as widely available +as that for xterm, or even rxvt (for which the same problem often arises).
The correct solution for this problem is to install the terminfo, this can be done like this (with ncurses' infocmp):
-REMOTE=remotesystem.domain infocmp rxvt-unicode | ssh $REMOTE "cat >/tmp/ti && tic /tmp/ti"-
... or by installing rxvt-unicode normally on the remote system,
-If you cannot or do not want to do this, then you can simply set
TERM=rxvt
or even TERM=xterm
, and live with the small number of
problems arising, which includes wrong keymapping, less and different
colours and some refresh errors in fullscreen applications. It's a nice
quick-and-dirty workaround for rare cases, though.
If you always want to do this (and are fine with the consequences) you can either recompile rxvt-unicode with the desired TERM value or use a resource to set it:
-URxvt.termName: rxvt-
If you don't plan to use rxvt (quite common...) you could also replace the rxvt terminfo file with the rxvt-unicode one.
-tic
outputs some error when compiling the terminfo entry.enacs=
. Just replace it by
-enacs=\E[0@
and try again.
-bash
's readline does not work correctly under rxvt.+
+tic
outputs some error when compiling the terminfo entry.Most likely it's the empty definition for enacs=
. Just replace it by
+enacs=\E[0@
and try again.
+
+bash
's readline does not work correctly under rxvt.See next entry.
++
+One reason you might want this is that some distributions or operating
systems still compile some programs using the long-obsoleted termcap
library (Fedora Core's bash is one example) and rely on a termcap entry
-for rxvt-unicode
.
-
rxvt-unicode
.
You could use rxvt's termcap entry with resonable results in many cases. You can also create a termcap entry by using terminfo's infocmp program like this:
-infocmp -C rxvt-unicode-
Or you could use this termcap entry, generated by the command above:
-rxvt-unicode|rxvt-unicode terminal (X Window System):\ :am:bw:eo:km:mi:ms:xn:xo:\ @@ -496,144 +431,108 @@ :te=\E[r\E[?1049l:ti=\E[?1049h:ue=\E[24m:up=\E[A:\ :us=\E[4m:vb=\E[?5h\E[?5l:ve=\E[?25h:vi=\E[?25l:\ :vs=\E[?25h:-
ls
no longer have coloured output?ls
in the GNU coreutils unfortunately doesn't use terminfo to
++
+ls
no longer have coloured output?The ls
in the GNU coreutils unfortunately doesn't use terminfo to
decide wether a terminal has colour, but uses it's own configuration
file. Needless to say, rxvt-unicode
is not in it's default file (among
-with most other terminals supporting colour). Either add:
-
TERM rxvt-unicode-
to /etc/DIR_COLORS
or simply add:
alias ls='ls --color=auto'-
to your .profile
or .bashrc
.
TERM=rxvt-unicode
. Some pre-packaged
++
+See next entry.
++
+See next entry.
++
+Make sure you are using TERM=rxvt-unicode
. Some pre-packaged
distributions (most notably Debian GNU/Linux) break rxvt-unicode
by setting TERM
to rxvt
, which doesn't have these extra
features. Unfortunately, some of these (most notably, again, Debian
GNU/Linux) furthermore fail to even install the rxvt-unicode
terminfo
file, so you will need to install it on your own (See the question When
I log-in to another system it tells me about missing terminfo data? on
-how to do this).
-
+
+Some Debian GNUL/Linux users seem to have this problem, although no
specific details were reported so far. It is possible that this is caused
by the wrong TERM
setting, although the details of wether and how
this can happen are unknown, as TERM=rxvt
should offer a compatible
keymap. See the answer to the previous question, and please report if that
-helped.
-
+
+See next entry.
++
+If you encounter strange problems like typing an accented character but getting two unrelated other characters or similar, or if program output is -subtly garbled, then you should check your locale settings. -
Rxvt-unicode must be started with the same LC_CTYPE
setting as the
programs. Often rxvt-unicode is started in the C
locale, while the
login script running within the rxvt-unicode window changes the locale to
something else, e.g. en_GB.UTF-8
. Needless to say, this is not going to work.
The best thing is to fix your startup environment, as you will likely run into other problems. If nothing works you can try this in your .profile.
-printf '\e]701;%s\007' "$LC_CTYPE"-
If this doesn't work, then maybe you use a LC_CTYPE
specification not
supported on your systems. Some systems have a locale
command which
displays this (also, perl -e0
can be used to check locale settings, as
it will complain loudly if it cannot set the locale). If it displays something
like:
locale: Cannot set LC_CTYPE to default locale: ...-
Then the locale you specified is not supported on your system.
-If nothing works and you are sure that everything is set correctly then you will need to remember a little known fact: Some programs just don't support locales :(
-+
+See next entry.
++
+Most fonts do not contain the full range of Unicode, which is fine. Chances are that the font you (or the admin/package maintainer of your system/os) have specified does not cover all the characters you want -to display. -
rxvt-unicode makes a best-effort try at finding a replacement font. Often the result is fine, but sometimes the chosen font looks bad/ugly/wrong. Some fonts have totally strange characters that don't resemble the correct glyph at all, and rxvt-unicode lacks the artificial intelligence to detect that a specific glyph is wrong: it has to believe the font that the characters it claims to contain indeed look correct.
-In that case, select a font of your taste and add it to the font list, e.g.:
-rxvt -fn basefont,font2,font3...-
When rxvt-unicode sees a character, it will first look at the base font. If the base font does not contain the character, it will go to the next font, and so on. Specifying your own fonts will also speed up this search and use less resources within rxvt-unicode and the X-server.
-The only limitation is that none of the fonts may be larger than the base font, as the base font defines the terminal character cell size, which must be the same due to the way terminals work.
-+
+This is because there is a difference between script and language -- rxvt-unicode does not know which language the text that is output is, as it only knows the unicode character codes. If rxvt-unicode first sees a japanese/chinese character, it might choose a japanese font for @@ -641,134 +540,94 @@ chinese characters aren't represented in japanese fonts, so when the first non-japanese character comes up, rxvt-unicode will look for a chinese font -- unfortunately at this point, it will still use the japanese font for -chinese characters that are also in the japanese font. -
The workaround is easy: just tag a chinese font at the end of your font list (see the previous question). The key is to view the font list as a preference list: If you expect more japanese, list a japanese font first. If you expect more chinese, put a chinese font first.
-In the future it might be possible to switch language preferences at runtime (the internal data structure has no problem with using different fonts for the same character at the same time, but no interface for this has been designed yet).
-Until then, you might get away with switching fonts at runtime (see Can I switch the fonts at runtime? later in this document).
-+
+Most fonts were not designed for terminal use, which means that character size varies a lot. A font that is otherwise fine for terminal use might contain some characters that are simply too wide. Rxvt-unicode will avoid these characters. For characters that are just ``a bit'' too wide a special -``careful'' rendering mode is used that redraws adjacent characters. -
All of this requires that fonts do not lie about character sizes, however: Xft fonts often draw glyphs larger than their acclaimed bounding box, and rxvt-unicode has no way of detecting this (the correct way is to ask for the character bounding box, which unfortunately is wrong in these cases).
-It's not clear (to me at least), wether this is a bug in Xft, freetype,
or the respective font. If you encounter this problem you might try using
the -lsp
option to give the font more height. If that doesn't work, you
might be forced to use a different font.
All of this is not a problem when using X11 core fonts, as their bounding box data is correct.
-+
+Seems to be a known bug, read http://nixdoc.net/files/forum/about34198.html. Some people use the -following ugly workaround to get non-double-wide-characters working: -
#define wcwidth(x) wcwidth(x) > 1 ? 1 : wcwidth(x)-
+
+The most common causes for this are that either your locale is not set correctly, or you specified a preeditStyle that is not supported by your input method. For example, if you specified OverTheSpot and your input method (e.g. the default input method handling Compose keys) does not support this (for instance because it is not visual), then -rxvt-unicode will continue without an input method. -
In this case either do not specify a preeditStyle or specify more than one pre-edit style, such as OverTheSpot,Root,None.
-Ctrl-Shift-2
to get an ASCII NUL character due to ISO 14755Ctrl-2
alone (it often is mapped to ASCII NUL even on
++
+Ctrl-Shift-2
to get an ASCII NUL character due to ISO 14755Either try Ctrl-2
alone (it often is mapped to ASCII NUL even on
international keyboards) or simply use ISO 14755 support to your
advantage, typing <Ctrl-Shift-0> to get a ASCII NUL. This works for other
codes, too, such as Ctrl-Shift-1-d
to type the default telnet escape
-character and so on.
-
+
+First of all, make sure you are running with the right terminal settings
(TERM=rxvt-unicode
), which will get rid of most of these effects. Then
make sure you have specified colours for italic and bold, as otherwise
-rxvt-unicode might use reverse video to simulate the effect:
-
URxvt.colorBD: white URxvt.colorIT: green-
+
+For some unexplainable reason, some rare programs assume a very weird colour palette when confronted with a terminal with more than the standard 8 colours (rxvt-unicode supports 88). The right fix is, of course, to fix -these programs not to assume non-ISO colours without very good reasons. -
In the meantime, you can either edit your rxvt-unicode
terminfo
definition to only claim 8 colour support or use TERM=rxvt
, which will
fix colours but keep you from using other rxvt-unicode features.
__STDC_ISO_10646__
to be defined
++
+Rxvt-unicode requires the symbol __STDC_ISO_10646__
to be defined
in your compile environment, or an implementation that implements it,
wether it defines the symbol or not. __STDC_ISO_10646__
requires that
-wchar_t is represented as unicode.
-
As you might have guessed, FreeBSD does neither define this symobl nor does it support it. Instead, it uses it's own internal representation of wchar_t. This is, of course, completely fine with respect to standards.
-However, that means rxvt-unicode only works in POSIX
, ISO-8859-1
and
UTF-8
locales under FreeBSD (which all use Unicode as wchar_t.
__STDC_ISO_10646__
is the only sane way to support multi-language
apps in an OS, as using a locale-dependent (and non-standardized)
representation of wchar_t makes it impossible to convert between
@@ -776,53 +635,41 @@
without implementing OS-specific-wrappers for each and every locale. There
simply are no APIs to convert wchar_t into anything except the current
locale encoding.
Some applications (such as the formidable mlterm) work around this by carrying their own replacement functions for character set handling with them, and either implementing OS-dependent hacks or doing multiple conversions (which is slow and unreliable in case the OS implements encodings slightly different than the terminal emulator).
-The rxvt-unicode author insists that the right way to fix this is in the system libraries once and for all, instead of forcing every app to carry complete replacements for them :)
-wcwidth
and a compile problem.
-+
+Try the diff in doc/solaris9.patch as a base. It fixes the worst
+problems with wcwidth
and a compile problem.
+
+rxvt-unicode should compile and run out of the box on cygwin, using
the X11 libraries that come with cygwin. libW11 emulation is no
longer supported (and makes no sense, either, as it only supported a
single font). I recommend starting the X-server in -multiwindow
or
-rootless
mode instead, which will result in similar look&feel as the
-old libW11 emulation.
-
At the time of this writing, cygwin didn't seem to support any multi-byte
encodings (you might try LC_CTYPE=C-UTF-8
), so you are likely limited
to 8-bit encodings.
+
+See next entry.
++
+Unlike some other terminals, rxvt-unicode has no encoding switch, and no specific ``utf-8'' mode, such as xterm. In fact, it doesn't even know about -UTF-8 or any other encodings with respect to terminal I/O. -
The reasons is that there exists a perfectly fine mechanism for selecting
the encoding, doing I/O and (most important) communicating this to all
applications so everybody agrees on character properties such as width
@@ -830,213 +677,141 @@
that info will have problems (for example, xterm
gets the width of
characters wrong as it uses it's own, locale-independent table under all
locales).
Rxvt-unicode uses the LC_CTYPE
locale category to select encoding. All
programs doing the same (that is, most) will automatically agree in the
interpretation of characters.
Unfortunately, there is no system-independent way to select locales, nor is there a standard on how locale specifiers will look like.
-On most systems, the content of the LC_CTYPE
environment variable
contains an arbitrary string which corresponds to an already-installed
locale. Common names for locales are en_US.UTF-8
, de_DE.ISO-8859-15
,
ja_JP.EUC-JP
, i.e. language_country.encoding
, but other forms
(i.e. de
or german
) are also common.
Rxvt-unicode ignores all other locale categories, and except for
the encoding, ignores country or language-specific settings,
i.e. de_DE.UTF-8
and ja_JP.UTF-8
are the normally same to
rxvt-unicode.
If you want to use a specific encoding you have to make sure you start
rxvt-unicode with the correct LC_CTYPE
category.
LC_CTYPE
.
-+
+Yes, using an escape sequence. Try something like this, which sets
+rxvt-unicode's idea of LC_CTYPE
.
printf '\e]701;%s\007' ja_JP.SJIS-
See also the previous answer.
-Sometimes this capability is rather handy when you want to work in
one locale (e.g. de_DE.UTF-8
) but some programs don't support it
(e.g. UTF-8). For example, I use this script to start xjdic
, which
first switches to a locale supported by xjdic and back later:
printf '\e]701;%s\007' ja_JP.SJIS xjdic -js printf '\e]701;%s\007' de_DE.UTF-8-
You can also use xterm's luit
program, which usually works fine, except
for some locales where character width differs between program- and
rxvt-unicode-locales.
-fn
switch, and takes effect immediately:
-+
+Yes, using an escape sequence. Try something like this, which has the same
+effect as using the -fn
switch, and takes effect immediately:
printf '\e]50;%s\007' "9x15bold,xft:Kochi Gothic"-
This is useful if you e.g. work primarily with japanese (and prefer a japanese font), but you have to switch to chinese temporarily, where japanese fonts would only be in your way.
-You can think of this as a kind of manual ISO-2022 switching.
-+
+Many fonts have difficulties with italic characters and hinting. For
example, the otherwise very nicely hinted font xft:Bitstream Vera Sans
Mono
completely fails in it's italic face. A workaround might be to
-enable freetype autohinting, i.e. like this:
-
URxvt.italicFont: xft:Bitstream Vera Sans Mono:italic:autohint=true URxvt.boldItalicFont: xft:Bitstream Vera Sans Mono:bold:italic:autohint=true-
imlocale
:
-+
+You can specify separate locales for the input method and the rest of the
+terminal, using the resource imlocale
:
URxvt.imlocale: ja_JP.EUC-JP-
Now you can start your terminal with LC_CTYPE=ja_JP.UTF-8
and still
use your input method. Please note, however, that you will not be able to
input characters outside EUC-JP
in a normal way then, as your input
method limits you.
+
+Unfortunately, this is unavoidable, as the XIM protocol is racy by design. Applications can avoid some crashes at the expense of memory leaks, and Input Methods can avoid some crashes by careful ordering at exit time. kinput2 (and derived input methods) generally succeeds, while SCIM (or similar input methods) fails. In the end, however, -crashes cannot be completely avoided even if both sides cooperate. -
So the only workaround is not to kill your Input Method Servers.
-+
+Rxvt-unicode tries to obey the rule of not charging you for something you don't use. One thing you should try is to configure out all settings that you don't need, for example, Xft support is a resource hog by design, when used. Compiling it out ensures that no Xft font will be loaded -accidentally when rxvt-unicode tries to find a font for your characters. -
Also, many people (me included) like large windows and even larger
scrollback buffers: Without --enable-unicode3
, rxvt-unicode will use
6 bytes per screen cell. For a 160x?? window this amounts to almost a
kilobyte per line. A scrollback buffer of 10000 lines will then (if full)
use 10 Megabytes of memory. With --enable-unicode3
it gets worse, as
rxvt-unicode then uses 8 bytes per screen cell.
+
+Yes, the most obvious way to speed it up is to avoid Xft entirely, as
it is simply slow. If you still want Xft fonts you might try to disable
antialiasing (by appending :antialias=false
), which saves lots of
-memory and also speeds up rendering considerably.
-
+
+Rxvt-unicode will use whatever you specify as a font. If it needs to fall back to it's default font search list it will prefer X11 core fonts, because they are small and fast, and then use Xft fonts. It has antialiasing disabled for most of them, because the author thinks they -look best that way. -
If you want antialiasing, you have to specify the fonts manually.
-+
+Make sure that mouse reporting is actually turned off since killing some editors prematurely may leave the mouse in mouse report mode. I've heard that tcsh may use mouse reporting unless it otherwise specified. A quick check is to see if cut/paste works when the Alt or Shift keys are -depressed. -
colorBD:
, bold will invert text using the
-standard foreground colour.
-+
+If no bold colour is set via colorBD:
, bold will invert text using the
+standard foreground colour.
For the standard background colour, blinking will actually make the
text blink when compiled with --enable-blinking
. with standard
colours. Without --enable-blinking
, the blink attribute will be
ignored.
On ANSI colours, bold/blink attributes are used to set high-intensity foreground/background colors.
-color0-7 are the low-intensity colors.
-color8-15 are the corresponding high-intensity colors.
-+
+You can change the screen colors at run-time using ~/.Xdefaults +resources (or as long-options).
Here are values that are supposed to resemble a VGA screen, including the murky brown that passes for low-intensity yellow:
-URxvt.color0: #000000 URxvt.color1: #A80000 @@ -1046,8 +821,6 @@ URxvt.color5: #A800A8 URxvt.color6: #00A8A8 URxvt.color7: #A8A8A8-
URxvt.color8: #000054 URxvt.color9: #FF0054 @@ -1057,12 +830,8 @@ URxvt.color13: #FF00FF URxvt.color14: #00FFFF URxvt.color15: #FFFFFF-
And here is a more complete set of non-standard colors described (not by me) as ``pretty girly''.
-URxvt.cursorColor: #dc74d1 URxvt.pointerColor: #dc74d1 @@ -1082,102 +851,64 @@ URxvt.color14: #73f7ff URxvt.color7: #e1dddd URxvt.color15: #e1dddd-
rxvtd -f -o
, which tells rxvtd to open the
-display, create the listening socket and then fork.
-+
+Try rxvtd -f -o
, which tells rxvtd to open the
+display, create the listening socket and then fork.
+
+Assuming that the physical Backspace key corresponds to the
BackSpace keysym (not likely for Linux ... see the following
question) there are two standard values that can be used for
-Backspace: ^H
and ^?
.
-
^H
and ^?
.
Historically, either value is correct, but rxvt-unicode adopts the debian
policy of using ^?
when unsure, because it's the one only only correct
choice :).
Rxvt-unicode tries to inherit the current stty settings and uses the value of `erase' to guess the value for backspace. If rxvt-unicode wasn't started from a terminal (say, from a menu or by remote shell), then the system value of `erase', which corresponds to CERASE in <termios.h>, will be used (which may not be the same as your stty setting).
-For starting a new rxvt-unicode:
-# use Backspace = ^H $ stty erase ^H $ rxvt-
# use Backspace = ^? $ stty erase ^? $ rxvt-
Toggle with ESC [ 36 h
/ ESC [ 36 l
.
For an existing rxvt-unicode:
-# use Backspace = ^H $ stty erase ^H $ echo -n "^[[36h"-
# use Backspace = ^? $ stty erase ^? $ echo -n "^[[36l"-
This helps satisfy some of the Backspace discrepancies that occur, but
if you use Backspace = ^H
, make sure that the termcap/terminfo value
properly reflects that.
The Delete key is a another casualty of the ill-defined Backspace problem.
To avoid confusion between the Backspace and Delete keys, the Delete
key has been assigned an escape sequence to match the vt100 for Execute
(ESC [ 3 ~
) and is in the supplied termcap/terminfo.
Some other Backspace problems:
-some editors use termcap/terminfo, some editors (vim I'm told) expect Backspace = ^H, GNU Emacs (and Emacs-like editors) use ^H for help.
-Perhaps someday this will all be resolved in a consistent manner.
-+
+There are some compile-time selections available via configure. Unless
you have run ``configure'' with the --disable-resources
option you can
-use the `keysym' resource to alter the keystrings associated with keysyms.
-
Here's an example for a URxvt session started using rxvt -name URxvt
URxvt.keysym.Home: \033[1~ URxvt.keysym.End: \033[4~ @@ -1199,16 +930,10 @@ URxvt.keysym.M-C-0: list \033<M-C- 0123456789 > URxvt.keysym.M-C-a: list \033<M-C- abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz > URxvt.keysym.F12: command:\033]701;zh_CN.GBK\007-
See some more examples in the documentation for the keysym resource.
-+
+KP_Insert == Insert F22 == Print @@ -1216,37 +941,27 @@ F29 == Prior F33 == End F35 == Next-
Rather than have rxvt-unicode try to accommodate all the various possible keyboard mappings, it is better to use `xmodmap' to remap the keys as required for your particular machine.
-+
+rxvt and rxvt-unicode always export the variable ``COLORTERM'', so you can check and see if that is set. Note that several programs, JED, slrn, Midnight Commander automatically check this variable to decide whether or -not to use color. -
+
+If you've compiled rxvt-unicode with DISPLAY_IS_IP and have enabled insecure mode then it is possible to use the following shell script snippets to correctly set the display. If your version of rxvt-unicode wasn't also compiled with ESCZ_ANSWER (as assumed in these snippets) then the COLORTERM variable can be used to distinguish rxvt-unicode from a -regular xterm. -
Courtesy of Chuck Blake <cblake@BBN.COM> with the following shell script snippets:
-# Bourne/Korn/POSIX family of shells: [ ${TERM:-foo} = foo ] && TERM=xterm # assume an xterm if we don't know @@ -1260,24 +975,18 @@ read DISPLAY # set it in our local shell fi fi-
+
+You need to have a recent version of perl installed as /usr/bin/perl,
one that comes with pod2man, pod2text and pod2html. Then go to
-the doc subdirectory and enter make alldoc
.
-
irc.freenode.net
,
+the doc subdirectory and enter make alldoc
.
++
+Before sending me mail, you could go to IRC: irc.freenode.net
,
channel #rxvt-unicode
has some rxvt-unicode enthusiasts that might be
-interested in learning about new and exciting problems (but not FAQs :).
-