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13<ul> 13<ul>
14 14
15 <li><a href="#name">NAME</a></li> 15 <li><a href="#name">NAME</a></li>
16 <li><a href="#synopsis">SYNOPSIS</a></li> 16 <li><a href="#synopsis">SYNOPSIS</a></li>
17 <li><a href="#description">DESCRIPTION</a></li> 17 <li><a href="#description">DESCRIPTION</a></li>
18 <li><a href="#frequently_asked_questions">FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS</a></li> 18 <li><a href="#rxvtunicode_urxvt_frequently_asked_questions">RXVT-UNICODE/URXVT FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS</a></li>
19 <ul> 19 <ul>
20 20
21 <li><a href="#meta__features___commandline_issues">Meta, Features &amp; Commandline Issues</a></li> 21 <li><a href="#meta__features___commandline_issues">Meta, Features &amp; Commandline Issues</a></li>
22 <ul> 22 <ul>
23 23
24 <li><a href="#my_question_isn_t_answered_here__can_i_ask_a_human">My question isn't answered here, can I ask a human?</a></li> 24 <li><a href="#my_question_isn_t_answered_here__can_i_ask_a_human">My question isn't answered here, can I ask a human?</a></li>
25 <li><a href="#does_it_support_tabs__can_i_have_a_tabbed_rxvtunicode">Does it support tabs, can I have a tabbed rxvt-unicode?</a></li> 25 <li><a href="#does_it_support_tabs__can_i_have_a_tabbed_rxvtunicode">Does it support tabs, can I have a tabbed rxvt-unicode?</a></li>
26 <li><a href="#how_do_i_know_which_rxvtunicode_version_i_m_using">How do I know which rxvt-unicode version I'm using?</a></li> 26 <li><a href="#how_do_i_know_which_rxvtunicode_version_i_m_using">How do I know which rxvt-unicode version I'm using?</a></li>
27 <li><a href="#rxvtunicode_uses_gobs_of_memory__how_can_i_reduce_that">Rxvt-unicode uses gobs of memory, how can I reduce that?</a></li> 27 <li><a href="#rxvtunicode_uses_gobs_of_memory__how_can_i_reduce_that">Rxvt-unicode uses gobs of memory, how can I reduce that?</a></li>
28 <li><a href="#how_can_i_start_urxvtd_in_a_racefree_way">How can I start urxvtd in a race-free way?</a></li> 28 <li><a href="#how_can_i_start_urxvtd_in_a_racefree_way">How can I start urxvtd in a race-free way?</a></li>
29 <li><a href="#how_can_i_start_urxvtd_automatically_when_i_run_urxvt_name__c">How can I start urxvtd automatically when I run URXVT_NAME@@c?</a></li>
29 <li><a href="#how_do_i_distinguish_wether_i_m_running_rxvtunicode_or_a_regular_xterm_i_need_this_to_decide_about_setting_colors_etc_">How do I distinguish wether I'm running rxvt-unicode or a regular xterm? I need this to decide about setting colors etc.</a></li> 30 <li><a href="#how_do_i_distinguish_wether_i_m_running_rxvtunicode_or_a_regular_xterm_i_need_this_to_decide_about_setting_colors_etc_">How do I distinguish wether I'm running rxvt-unicode or a regular xterm? I need this to decide about setting colors etc.</a></li>
30 <li><a href="#how_do_i_set_the_correct__full_ip_address_for_the_display_variable">How do I set the correct, full IP address for the DISPLAY variable?</a></li> 31 <li><a href="#how_do_i_set_the_correct__full_ip_address_for_the_display_variable">How do I set the correct, full IP address for the DISPLAY variable?</a></li>
31 <li><a href="#how_do_i_compile_the_manual_pages_on_my_own">How do I compile the manual pages on my own?</a></li> 32 <li><a href="#how_do_i_compile_the_manual_pages_on_my_own">How do I compile the manual pages on my own?</a></li>
32 <li><a href="#isn_t_rxvtunicode_supposed_to_be_small_don_t_all_those_features_bloat">Isn't rxvt-unicode supposed to be small? Don't all those features bloat?</a></li> 33 <li><a href="#isn_t_rxvtunicode_supposed_to_be_small_don_t_all_those_features_bloat">Isn't rxvt-unicode supposed to be small? Don't all those features bloat?</a></li>
33 <li><a href="#why_c____isn_t_that_unportable_bloated_uncool">Why C++, isn't that unportable/bloated/uncool?</a></li> 34 <li><a href="#why_c____isn_t_that_unportable_bloated_uncool">Why C++, isn't that unportable/bloated/uncool?</a></li>
… …
35 36
36 <li><a href="#rendering__font___look_and_feel_issues">Rendering, Font &amp; Look and Feel Issues</a></li> 37 <li><a href="#rendering__font___look_and_feel_issues">Rendering, Font &amp; Look and Feel Issues</a></li>
37 <ul> 38 <ul>
38 39
39 <li><a href="#i_can_t_get_transparency_working__what_am_i_doing_wrong">I can't get transparency working, what am I doing wrong?</a></li> 40 <li><a href="#i_can_t_get_transparency_working__what_am_i_doing_wrong">I can't get transparency working, what am I doing wrong?</a></li>
40 <li><a href="#why_do_some_chinese_characters_look_so_different_than_others">Why do some chinese characters look so different than others?</a></li>
41 <li><a href="#why_does_rxvtunicode_sometimes_leave_pixel_droppings">Why does rxvt-unicode sometimes leave pixel droppings?</a></li> 41 <li><a href="#why_does_rxvtunicode_sometimes_leave_pixel_droppings">Why does rxvt-unicode sometimes leave pixel droppings?</a></li>
42 <li><a href="#how_can_i_keep_rxvtunicode_from_using_reverse_video_so_much">How can I keep rxvt-unicode from using reverse video so much?</a></li> 42 <li><a href="#how_can_i_keep_rxvtunicode_from_using_reverse_video_so_much">How can I keep rxvt-unicode from using reverse video so much?</a></li>
43 <li><a href="#some_programs_assume_totally_weird_colours__red_instead_of_blue___how_can_i_fix_that">Some programs assume totally weird colours (red instead of blue), how can I fix that?</a></li> 43 <li><a href="#some_programs_assume_totally_weird_colours__red_instead_of_blue___how_can_i_fix_that">Some programs assume totally weird colours (red instead of blue), how can I fix that?</a></li>
44 <li><a href="#can_i_switch_the_fonts_at_runtime">Can I switch the fonts at runtime?</a></li> 44 <li><a href="#can_i_switch_the_fonts_at_runtime">Can I switch the fonts at runtime?</a></li>
45 <li><a href="#why_do_italic_characters_look_as_if_clipped">Why do italic characters look as if clipped?</a></li> 45 <li><a href="#why_do_italic_characters_look_as_if_clipped">Why do italic characters look as if clipped?</a></li>
46 <li><a href="#can_i_speed_up_xft_rendering_somehow">Can I speed up Xft rendering somehow?</a></li> 46 <li><a href="#can_i_speed_up_xft_rendering_somehow">Can I speed up Xft rendering somehow?</a></li>
47 <li><a href="#rxvtunicode_doesn_t_seem_to_antialias_its_fonts__what_is_wrong">Rxvt-unicode doesn't seem to anti-alias its fonts, what is wrong?</a></li> 47 <li><a href="#rxvtunicode_doesn_t_seem_to_antialias_its_fonts__what_is_wrong">Rxvt-unicode doesn't seem to anti-alias its fonts, what is wrong?</a></li>
48 <li><a href="#what_s_with_this_bold_blink_stuff">What's with this bold/blink stuff?</a></li> 48 <li><a href="#what_s_with_this_bold_blink_stuff">What's with this bold/blink stuff?</a></li>
49 <li><a href="#i_don_t_like_the_screen_colors__how_do_i_change_them">I don't like the screen colors. How do I change them?</a></li> 49 <li><a href="#i_don_t_like_the_screen_colors__how_do_i_change_them">I don't like the screen colors. How do I change them?</a></li>
50 <li><a href="#why_do_some_characters_look_so_much_different_than_others">Why do some characters look so much different than others?</a></li> 50 <li><a href="#why_do_some_characters_look_so_much_different_than_others">Why do some characters look so much different than others?</a></li>
51 <li><a href="#how_does_rxvtunicode_choose_fonts">How does rxvt-unicode choose fonts?</a></li>
52 <li><a href="#why_do_some_chinese_characters_look_so_different_than_others">Why do some chinese characters look so different than others?</a></li>
51 </ul> 53 </ul>
52 54
53 <li><a href="#keyboard__mouse___user_interaction">Keyboard, Mouse &amp; User Interaction</a></li> 55 <li><a href="#keyboard__mouse___user_interaction">Keyboard, Mouse &amp; User Interaction</a></li>
54 <ul> 56 <ul>
55 57
… …
67 </ul> 69 </ul>
68 70
69 <li><a href="#terminal_configuration">Terminal Configuration</a></li> 71 <li><a href="#terminal_configuration">Terminal Configuration</a></li>
70 <ul> 72 <ul>
71 73
74 <li><a href="#can_i_see_a_typical_configuration">Can I see a typical configuration?</a></li>
72 <li><a href="#why_doesn_t_rxvtunicode_read_my_resources">Why doesn't rxvt-unicode read my resources?</a></li> 75 <li><a href="#why_doesn_t_rxvtunicode_read_my_resources">Why doesn't rxvt-unicode read my resources?</a></li>
73 <li><a href="#when_i_login_to_another_system_it_tells_me_about_missing_terminfo_data">When I log-in to another system it tells me about missing terminfo data?</a></li> 76 <li><a href="#when_i_login_to_another_system_it_tells_me_about_missing_terminfo_data">When I log-in to another system it tells me about missing terminfo data?</a></li>
74 <li><a href="#tic_outputs_some_error_when_compiling_the_terminfo_entry_"><code>tic</code> outputs some error when compiling the terminfo entry.</a></li> 77 <li><a href="#tic_outputs_some_error_when_compiling_the_terminfo_entry_"><code>tic</code> outputs some error when compiling the terminfo entry.</a></li>
75 <li><a href="#bash_s_readline_does_not_work_correctly_under_urxvt_"><code>bash</code>'s readline does not work correctly under urxvt.</a></li> 78 <li><a href="#bash_s_readline_does_not_work_correctly_under_urxvt_"><code>bash</code>'s readline does not work correctly under urxvt.</a></li>
76 <li><a href="#i_need_a_termcap_file_entry_">I need a termcap file entry.</a></li> 79 <li><a href="#i_need_a_termcap_file_entry_">I need a termcap file entry.</a></li>
… …
86 <li><a href="#rxvtunicode_does_not_seem_to_understand_the_selected_encoding">Rxvt-unicode does not seem to understand the selected encoding?</a></li> 89 <li><a href="#rxvtunicode_does_not_seem_to_understand_the_selected_encoding">Rxvt-unicode does not seem to understand the selected encoding?</a></li>
87 <li><a href="#unicode_does_not_seem_to_work">Unicode does not seem to work?</a></li> 90 <li><a href="#unicode_does_not_seem_to_work">Unicode does not seem to work?</a></li>
88 <li><a href="#how_does_rxvtunicode_determine_the_encoding_to_use">How does rxvt-unicode determine the encoding to use?</a></li> 91 <li><a href="#how_does_rxvtunicode_determine_the_encoding_to_use">How does rxvt-unicode determine the encoding to use?</a></li>
89 <li><a href="#is_there_an_option_to_switch_encodings">Is there an option to switch encodings?</a></li> 92 <li><a href="#is_there_an_option_to_switch_encodings">Is there an option to switch encodings?</a></li>
90 <li><a href="#can_i_switch_locales_at_runtime">Can I switch locales at runtime?</a></li> 93 <li><a href="#can_i_switch_locales_at_runtime">Can I switch locales at runtime?</a></li>
94 <li><a href="#i_have_problems_getting_my_input_method_working_">I have problems getting my input method working.</a></li>
91 <li><a href="#my_input_method_wants__some_encoding__but_i_want_utf8__what_can_i_do">My input method wants &lt;some encoding&gt; but I want UTF-8, what can I do?</a></li> 95 <li><a href="#my_input_method_wants__some_encoding__but_i_want_utf8__what_can_i_do">My input method wants &lt;some encoding&gt; but I want UTF-8, what can I do?</a></li>
92 <li><a href="#rxvtunicode_crashes_when_the_x_input_method_changes_or_exits_">Rxvt-unicode crashes when the X Input Method changes or exits.</a></li> 96 <li><a href="#rxvtunicode_crashes_when_the_x_input_method_changes_or_exits_">Rxvt-unicode crashes when the X Input Method changes or exits.</a></li>
93 </ul> 97 </ul>
94 98
95 <li><a href="#operating_systems___package_maintaining">Operating Systems / Package Maintaining</a></li> 99 <li><a href="#operating_systems___package_maintaining">Operating Systems / Package Maintaining</a></li>
… …
104 <li><a href="#how_can_i_use_rxvtunicode_under_cygwin">How can I use rxvt-unicode under cygwin?</a></li> 108 <li><a href="#how_can_i_use_rxvtunicode_under_cygwin">How can I use rxvt-unicode under cygwin?</a></li>
105 </ul> 109 </ul>
106 110
107 </ul> 111 </ul>
108 112
109 <li><a href="#rxvt_technical_reference">RXVT TECHNICAL REFERENCE</a></li> 113 <li><a href="#rxvtunicode_technical_reference">RXVT-UNICODE TECHNICAL REFERENCE</a></li>
110 <li><a href="#description">DESCRIPTION</a></li> 114 <ul>
115
111 <li><a href="#definitions">Definitions</a></li> 116 <li><a href="#definitions">Definitions</a></li>
112 <li><a href="#values">Values</a></li> 117 <li><a href="#values">Values</a></li>
113 <li><a href="#escape_sequences">Escape Sequences</a></li> 118 <li><a href="#escape_sequences">Escape Sequences</a></li>
114 <li><a href="#csi__command_sequence_introducer__sequences">CSI (Command Sequence Introducer) Sequences</a></li> 119 <li><a href="#csi__command_sequence_introducer__sequences">CSI (Command Sequence Introducer) Sequences</a></li>
115 <li><a href="#dec_private_modes">DEC Private Modes</a></li> 120 <li><a href="#dec_private_modes">DEC Private Modes</a></li>
116 <li><a href="#xterm_operating_system_commands">XTerm Operating System Commands</a></li> 121 <li><a href="#xterm_operating_system_commands">XTerm Operating System Commands</a></li>
122 </ul>
123
117 <li><a href="#xpm">XPM</a></li> 124 <li><a href="#xpm">XPM</a></li>
118 <li><a href="#mouse_reporting">Mouse Reporting</a></li> 125 <li><a href="#mouse_reporting">Mouse Reporting</a></li>
119 <li><a href="#key_codes">Key Codes</a></li> 126 <li><a href="#key_codes">Key Codes</a></li>
120 <li><a href="#configure_options">CONFIGURE OPTIONS</a></li> 127 <li><a href="#configure_options">CONFIGURE OPTIONS</a></li>
121 <li><a href="#authors">AUTHORS</a></li> 128 <li><a href="#authors">AUTHORS</a></li>
… …
149<p>The newest version of this document is also available on the World Wide Web at 156<p>The newest version of this document is also available on the World Wide Web at
150<a href="http://cvs.schmorp.de/browse/*checkout*/rxvt-unicode/doc/rxvt.7.html">http://cvs.schmorp.de/browse/*checkout*/rxvt-unicode/doc/rxvt.7.html</a>.</p> 157<a href="http://cvs.schmorp.de/browse/*checkout*/rxvt-unicode/doc/rxvt.7.html">http://cvs.schmorp.de/browse/*checkout*/rxvt-unicode/doc/rxvt.7.html</a>.</p>
151<p> 158<p>
152</p> 159</p>
153<hr /> 160<hr />
154<h1><a name="frequently_asked_questions">FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS</a></h1> 161<h1><a name="rxvtunicode_urxvt_frequently_asked_questions">RXVT-UNICODE/URXVT FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS</a></h1>
155<p> 162<p>
156</p> 163</p>
157<h2><a name="meta__features___commandline_issues">Meta, Features &amp; Commandline Issues</a></h2> 164<h2><a name="meta__features___commandline_issues">Meta, Features &amp; Commandline Issues</a></h2>
158<p> 165<p>
159</p> 166</p>
… …
202<h3><a name="how_can_i_start_urxvtd_in_a_racefree_way">How can I start urxvtd in a race-free way?</a></h3> 209<h3><a name="how_can_i_start_urxvtd_in_a_racefree_way">How can I start urxvtd in a race-free way?</a></h3>
203<p>Try <code>urxvtd -f -o</code>, which tells urxvtd to open the 210<p>Try <code>urxvtd -f -o</code>, which tells urxvtd to open the
204display, create the listening socket and then fork.</p> 211display, create the listening socket and then fork.</p>
205<p> 212<p>
206</p> 213</p>
214<h3><a name="how_can_i_start_urxvtd_automatically_when_i_run_urxvt_name__c">How can I start urxvtd automatically when I run URXVT_NAME@@c?</a></h3>
215<p>If you want to start urxvtd automatically whenever you run
216urxvtc and the daemon isn't running yet, use this script:</p>
217<pre>
218 #!/bin/sh
219 urxvtc &quot;$@&quot;
220 if [ $? -eq 2 ]; then
221 urxvtd -q -o -f
222 urxvtc &quot;$@&quot;
223 fi</pre>
224<p>This tries to create a new terminal, and if fails with exit status 2,
225meaning it couldn't connect to the daemon, it will start the daemon and
226re-run the command. Subsequent invocations of the script will re-use the
227existing daemon.</p>
228<p>
229</p>
207<h3><a name="how_do_i_distinguish_wether_i_m_running_rxvtunicode_or_a_regular_xterm_i_need_this_to_decide_about_setting_colors_etc_">How do I distinguish wether I'm running rxvt-unicode or a regular xterm? I need this to decide about setting colors etc.</a></h3> 230<h3><a name="how_do_i_distinguish_wether_i_m_running_rxvtunicode_or_a_regular_xterm_i_need_this_to_decide_about_setting_colors_etc_">How do I distinguish wether I'm running rxvt-unicode or a regular xterm? I need this to decide about setting colors etc.</a></h3>
208<p>rxvt and rxvt-unicode always export the variable ``COLORTERM'', so you can 231<p>The original rxvt and rxvt-unicode always export the variable ``COLORTERM'',
209check and see if that is set. Note that several programs, JED, slrn, 232so you can check and see if that is set. Note that several programs, JED,
210Midnight Commander automatically check this variable to decide whether or 233slrn, Midnight Commander automatically check this variable to decide
211not to use color.</p> 234whether or not to use color.</p>
212<p> 235<p>
213</p> 236</p>
214<h3><a name="how_do_i_set_the_correct__full_ip_address_for_the_display_variable">How do I set the correct, full IP address for the DISPLAY variable?</a></h3> 237<h3><a name="how_do_i_set_the_correct__full_ip_address_for_the_display_variable">How do I set the correct, full IP address for the DISPLAY variable?</a></h3>
215<p>If you've compiled rxvt-unicode with DISPLAY_IS_IP and have enabled 238<p>If you've compiled rxvt-unicode with DISPLAY_IS_IP and have enabled
216insecure mode then it is possible to use the following shell script 239insecure mode then it is possible to use the following shell script
… …
251already in use in this mode.</p> 274already in use in this mode.</p>
252<pre> 275<pre>
253 text data bss drs rss filename 276 text data bss drs rss filename
254 98398 1664 24 15695 1824 rxvt --disable-everything 277 98398 1664 24 15695 1824 rxvt --disable-everything
255 188985 9048 66616 18222 1788 urxvt --disable-everything</pre> 278 188985 9048 66616 18222 1788 urxvt --disable-everything</pre>
256<p>When you <a href="#item__2d_2denable_2deverything"><code>--enable-everything</code></a> (which _is_ unfair, as this involves xft 279<p>When you <a href="#item__2d_2denable_2deverything"><code>--enable-everything</code></a> (which <em>is</em> unfair, as this involves xft
257and full locale/XIM support which are quite bloaty inside libX11 and my 280and full locale/XIM support which are quite bloaty inside libX11 and my
258libc), the two diverge, but not unreasnobaly so.</p> 281libc), the two diverge, but not unreasnobaly so.</p>
259<pre> 282<pre>
260 text data bss drs rss filename 283 text data bss drs rss filename
261 163431 2152 24 20123 2060 rxvt --enable-everything 284 163431 2152 24 20123 2060 rxvt --enable-everything
… …
348<p>Then click on a window you want to make transparent. Replace <code>0xc0000000</code> 371<p>Then click on a window you want to make transparent. Replace <code>0xc0000000</code>
349by other values to change the degree of opacity. If it doesn't work and 372by other values to change the degree of opacity. If it doesn't work and
350your server crashes, you got to keep the pieces.</p> 373your server crashes, you got to keep the pieces.</p>
351<p> 374<p>
352</p> 375</p>
376<h3><a name="why_does_rxvtunicode_sometimes_leave_pixel_droppings">Why does rxvt-unicode sometimes leave pixel droppings?</a></h3>
377<p>Most fonts were not designed for terminal use, which means that character
378size varies a lot. A font that is otherwise fine for terminal use might
379contain some characters that are simply too wide. Rxvt-unicode will avoid
380these characters. For characters that are just ``a bit'' too wide a special
381``careful'' rendering mode is used that redraws adjacent characters.</p>
382<p>All of this requires that fonts do not lie about character sizes,
383however: Xft fonts often draw glyphs larger than their acclaimed bounding
384box, and rxvt-unicode has no way of detecting this (the correct way is to
385ask for the character bounding box, which unfortunately is wrong in these
386cases).</p>
387<p>It's not clear (to me at least), wether this is a bug in Xft, freetype,
388or the respective font. If you encounter this problem you might try using
389the <code>-lsp</code> option to give the font more height. If that doesn't work, you
390might be forced to use a different font.</p>
391<p>All of this is not a problem when using X11 core fonts, as their bounding
392box data is correct.</p>
393<p>
394</p>
395<h3><a name="how_can_i_keep_rxvtunicode_from_using_reverse_video_so_much">How can I keep rxvt-unicode from using reverse video so much?</a></h3>
396<p>First of all, make sure you are running with the right terminal settings
397(<code>TERM=rxvt-unicode</code>), which will get rid of most of these effects. Then
398make sure you have specified colours for italic and bold, as otherwise
399rxvt-unicode might use reverse video to simulate the effect:</p>
400<pre>
401 URxvt.colorBD: white
402 URxvt.colorIT: green</pre>
403<p>
404</p>
405<h3><a name="some_programs_assume_totally_weird_colours__red_instead_of_blue___how_can_i_fix_that">Some programs assume totally weird colours (red instead of blue), how can I fix that?</a></h3>
406<p>For some unexplainable reason, some rare programs assume a very weird
407colour palette when confronted with a terminal with more than the standard
4088 colours (rxvt-unicode supports 88). The right fix is, of course, to fix
409these programs not to assume non-ISO colours without very good reasons.</p>
410<p>In the meantime, you can either edit your <code>rxvt-unicode</code> terminfo
411definition to only claim 8 colour support or use <code>TERM=rxvt</code>, which will
412fix colours but keep you from using other rxvt-unicode features.</p>
413<p>
414</p>
415<h3><a name="can_i_switch_the_fonts_at_runtime">Can I switch the fonts at runtime?</a></h3>
416<p>Yes, using an escape sequence. Try something like this, which has the same
417effect as using the <code>-fn</code> switch, and takes effect immediately:</p>
418<pre>
419 printf '\33]50;%s\007' &quot;9x15bold,xft:Kochi Gothic&quot;</pre>
420<p>This is useful if you e.g. work primarily with japanese (and prefer a
421japanese font), but you have to switch to chinese temporarily, where
422japanese fonts would only be in your way.</p>
423<p>You can think of this as a kind of manual ISO-2022 switching.</p>
424<p>
425</p>
426<h3><a name="why_do_italic_characters_look_as_if_clipped">Why do italic characters look as if clipped?</a></h3>
427<p>Many fonts have difficulties with italic characters and hinting. For
428example, the otherwise very nicely hinted font <code>xft:Bitstream Vera Sans
429Mono</code> completely fails in it's italic face. A workaround might be to
430enable freetype autohinting, i.e. like this:</p>
431<pre>
432 URxvt.italicFont: xft:Bitstream Vera Sans Mono:italic:autohint=true
433 URxvt.boldItalicFont: xft:Bitstream Vera Sans Mono:bold:italic:autohint=true</pre>
434<p>
435</p>
436<h3><a name="can_i_speed_up_xft_rendering_somehow">Can I speed up Xft rendering somehow?</a></h3>
437<p>Yes, the most obvious way to speed it up is to avoid Xft entirely, as
438it is simply slow. If you still want Xft fonts you might try to disable
439antialiasing (by appending <code>:antialias=false</code>), which saves lots of
440memory and also speeds up rendering considerably.</p>
441<p>
442</p>
443<h3><a name="rxvtunicode_doesn_t_seem_to_antialias_its_fonts__what_is_wrong">Rxvt-unicode doesn't seem to anti-alias its fonts, what is wrong?</a></h3>
444<p>Rxvt-unicode will use whatever you specify as a font. If it needs to
445fall back to it's default font search list it will prefer X11 core
446fonts, because they are small and fast, and then use Xft fonts. It has
447antialiasing disabled for most of them, because the author thinks they
448look best that way.</p>
449<p>If you want antialiasing, you have to specify the fonts manually.</p>
450<p>
451</p>
452<h3><a name="what_s_with_this_bold_blink_stuff">What's with this bold/blink stuff?</a></h3>
453<p>If no bold colour is set via <code>colorBD:</code>, bold will invert text using the
454standard foreground colour.</p>
455<p>For the standard background colour, blinking will actually make the
456text blink when compiled with <code>--enable-blinking</code>. with standard
457colours. Without <code>--enable-blinking</code>, the blink attribute will be
458ignored.</p>
459<p>On ANSI colours, bold/blink attributes are used to set high-intensity
460foreground/background colors.</p>
461<p>color0-7 are the low-intensity colors.</p>
462<p>color8-15 are the corresponding high-intensity colors.</p>
463<p>
464</p>
465<h3><a name="i_don_t_like_the_screen_colors__how_do_i_change_them">I don't like the screen colors. How do I change them?</a></h3>
466<p>You can change the screen colors at run-time using <em>~/.Xdefaults</em>
467resources (or as long-options).</p>
468<p>Here are values that are supposed to resemble a VGA screen,
469including the murky brown that passes for low-intensity yellow:</p>
470<pre>
471 URxvt.color0: #000000
472 URxvt.color1: #A80000
473 URxvt.color2: #00A800
474 URxvt.color3: #A8A800
475 URxvt.color4: #0000A8
476 URxvt.color5: #A800A8
477 URxvt.color6: #00A8A8
478 URxvt.color7: #A8A8A8</pre>
479<pre>
480 URxvt.color8: #000054
481 URxvt.color9: #FF0054
482 URxvt.color10: #00FF54
483 URxvt.color11: #FFFF54
484 URxvt.color12: #0000FF
485 URxvt.color13: #FF00FF
486 URxvt.color14: #00FFFF
487 URxvt.color15: #FFFFFF</pre>
488<p>And here is a more complete set of non-standard colors.</p>
489<pre>
490 URxvt.cursorColor: #dc74d1
491 URxvt.pointerColor: #dc74d1
492 URxvt.background: #0e0e0e
493 URxvt.foreground: #4ad5e1
494 URxvt.color0: #000000
495 URxvt.color8: #8b8f93
496 URxvt.color1: #dc74d1
497 URxvt.color9: #dc74d1
498 URxvt.color2: #0eb8c7
499 URxvt.color10: #0eb8c7
500 URxvt.color3: #dfe37e
501 URxvt.color11: #dfe37e
502 URxvt.color5: #9e88f0
503 URxvt.color13: #9e88f0
504 URxvt.color6: #73f7ff
505 URxvt.color14: #73f7ff
506 URxvt.color7: #e1dddd
507 URxvt.color15: #e1dddd</pre>
508<p>They have been described (not by me) as ``pretty girly''.</p>
509<p>
510</p>
511<h3><a name="why_do_some_characters_look_so_much_different_than_others">Why do some characters look so much different than others?</a></h3>
512<p>See next entry.</p>
513<p>
514</p>
515<h3><a name="how_does_rxvtunicode_choose_fonts">How does rxvt-unicode choose fonts?</a></h3>
516<p>Most fonts do not contain the full range of Unicode, which is
517fine. Chances are that the font you (or the admin/package maintainer of
518your system/os) have specified does not cover all the characters you want
519to display.</p>
520<p><strong>rxvt-unicode</strong> makes a best-effort try at finding a replacement
521font. Often the result is fine, but sometimes the chosen font looks
522bad/ugly/wrong. Some fonts have totally strange characters that don't
523resemble the correct glyph at all, and rxvt-unicode lacks the artificial
524intelligence to detect that a specific glyph is wrong: it has to believe
525the font that the characters it claims to contain indeed look correct.</p>
526<p>In that case, select a font of your taste and add it to the font list,
527e.g.:</p>
528<pre>
529 urxvt -fn basefont,font2,font3...</pre>
530<p>When rxvt-unicode sees a character, it will first look at the base
531font. If the base font does not contain the character, it will go to the
532next font, and so on. Specifying your own fonts will also speed up this
533search and use less resources within rxvt-unicode and the X-server.</p>
534<p>The only limitation is that none of the fonts may be larger than the base
535font, as the base font defines the terminal character cell size, which
536must be the same due to the way terminals work.</p>
537<p>
538</p>
353<h3><a name="why_do_some_chinese_characters_look_so_different_than_others">Why do some chinese characters look so different than others?</a></h3> 539<h3><a name="why_do_some_chinese_characters_look_so_different_than_others">Why do some chinese characters look so different than others?</a></h3>
354<p>This is because there is a difference between script and language -- 540<p>This is because there is a difference between script and language --
355rxvt-unicode does not know which language the text that is output is, 541rxvt-unicode does not know which language the text that is output is,
356as it only knows the unicode character codes. If rxvt-unicode first 542as it only knows the unicode character codes. If rxvt-unicode first
357sees a japanese/chinese character, it might choose a japanese font for 543sees a japanese/chinese character, it might choose a japanese font for
… …
367<p>In the future it might be possible to switch language preferences at 553<p>In the future it might be possible to switch language preferences at
368runtime (the internal data structure has no problem with using different 554runtime (the internal data structure has no problem with using different
369fonts for the same character at the same time, but no interface for this 555fonts for the same character at the same time, but no interface for this
370has been designed yet).</p> 556has been designed yet).</p>
371<p>Until then, you might get away with switching fonts at runtime (see <a href="#can_i_switch_the_fonts_at_runtime">Can I switch the fonts at runtime?</a> later in this document).</p> 557<p>Until then, you might get away with switching fonts at runtime (see <a href="#can_i_switch_the_fonts_at_runtime">Can I switch the fonts at runtime?</a> later in this document).</p>
372<p>
373</p>
374<h3><a name="why_does_rxvtunicode_sometimes_leave_pixel_droppings">Why does rxvt-unicode sometimes leave pixel droppings?</a></h3>
375<p>Most fonts were not designed for terminal use, which means that character
376size varies a lot. A font that is otherwise fine for terminal use might
377contain some characters that are simply too wide. Rxvt-unicode will avoid
378these characters. For characters that are just ``a bit'' too wide a special
379``careful'' rendering mode is used that redraws adjacent characters.</p>
380<p>All of this requires that fonts do not lie about character sizes,
381however: Xft fonts often draw glyphs larger than their acclaimed bounding
382box, and rxvt-unicode has no way of detecting this (the correct way is to
383ask for the character bounding box, which unfortunately is wrong in these
384cases).</p>
385<p>It's not clear (to me at least), wether this is a bug in Xft, freetype,
386or the respective font. If you encounter this problem you might try using
387the <code>-lsp</code> option to give the font more height. If that doesn't work, you
388might be forced to use a different font.</p>
389<p>All of this is not a problem when using X11 core fonts, as their bounding
390box data is correct.</p>
391<p>
392</p>
393<h3><a name="how_can_i_keep_rxvtunicode_from_using_reverse_video_so_much">How can I keep rxvt-unicode from using reverse video so much?</a></h3>
394<p>First of all, make sure you are running with the right terminal settings
395(<code>TERM=rxvt-unicode</code>), which will get rid of most of these effects. Then
396make sure you have specified colours for italic and bold, as otherwise
397rxvt-unicode might use reverse video to simulate the effect:</p>
398<pre>
399 URxvt.colorBD: white
400 URxvt.colorIT: green</pre>
401<p>
402</p>
403<h3><a name="some_programs_assume_totally_weird_colours__red_instead_of_blue___how_can_i_fix_that">Some programs assume totally weird colours (red instead of blue), how can I fix that?</a></h3>
404<p>For some unexplainable reason, some rare programs assume a very weird
405colour palette when confronted with a terminal with more than the standard
4068 colours (rxvt-unicode supports 88). The right fix is, of course, to fix
407these programs not to assume non-ISO colours without very good reasons.</p>
408<p>In the meantime, you can either edit your <code>rxvt-unicode</code> terminfo
409definition to only claim 8 colour support or use <code>TERM=rxvt</code>, which will
410fix colours but keep you from using other rxvt-unicode features.</p>
411<p>
412</p>
413<h3><a name="can_i_switch_the_fonts_at_runtime">Can I switch the fonts at runtime?</a></h3>
414<p>Yes, using an escape sequence. Try something like this, which has the same
415effect as using the <code>-fn</code> switch, and takes effect immediately:</p>
416<pre>
417 printf '\e]50;%s\007' &quot;9x15bold,xft:Kochi Gothic&quot;</pre>
418<p>This is useful if you e.g. work primarily with japanese (and prefer a
419japanese font), but you have to switch to chinese temporarily, where
420japanese fonts would only be in your way.</p>
421<p>You can think of this as a kind of manual ISO-2022 switching.</p>
422<p>
423</p>
424<h3><a name="why_do_italic_characters_look_as_if_clipped">Why do italic characters look as if clipped?</a></h3>
425<p>Many fonts have difficulties with italic characters and hinting. For
426example, the otherwise very nicely hinted font <code>xft:Bitstream Vera Sans
427Mono</code> completely fails in it's italic face. A workaround might be to
428enable freetype autohinting, i.e. like this:</p>
429<pre>
430 URxvt.italicFont: xft:Bitstream Vera Sans Mono:italic:autohint=true
431 URxvt.boldItalicFont: xft:Bitstream Vera Sans Mono:bold:italic:autohint=true</pre>
432<p>
433</p>
434<h3><a name="can_i_speed_up_xft_rendering_somehow">Can I speed up Xft rendering somehow?</a></h3>
435<p>Yes, the most obvious way to speed it up is to avoid Xft entirely, as
436it is simply slow. If you still want Xft fonts you might try to disable
437antialiasing (by appending <code>:antialias=false</code>), which saves lots of
438memory and also speeds up rendering considerably.</p>
439<p>
440</p>
441<h3><a name="rxvtunicode_doesn_t_seem_to_antialias_its_fonts__what_is_wrong">Rxvt-unicode doesn't seem to anti-alias its fonts, what is wrong?</a></h3>
442<p>Rxvt-unicode will use whatever you specify as a font. If it needs to
443fall back to it's default font search list it will prefer X11 core
444fonts, because they are small and fast, and then use Xft fonts. It has
445antialiasing disabled for most of them, because the author thinks they
446look best that way.</p>
447<p>If you want antialiasing, you have to specify the fonts manually.</p>
448<p>
449</p>
450<h3><a name="what_s_with_this_bold_blink_stuff">What's with this bold/blink stuff?</a></h3>
451<p>If no bold colour is set via <code>colorBD:</code>, bold will invert text using the
452standard foreground colour.</p>
453<p>For the standard background colour, blinking will actually make the
454text blink when compiled with <code>--enable-blinking</code>. with standard
455colours. Without <code>--enable-blinking</code>, the blink attribute will be
456ignored.</p>
457<p>On ANSI colours, bold/blink attributes are used to set high-intensity
458foreground/background colors.</p>
459<p>color0-7 are the low-intensity colors.</p>
460<p>color8-15 are the corresponding high-intensity colors.</p>
461<p>
462</p>
463<h3><a name="i_don_t_like_the_screen_colors__how_do_i_change_them">I don't like the screen colors. How do I change them?</a></h3>
464<p>You can change the screen colors at run-time using <em>~/.Xdefaults</em>
465resources (or as long-options).</p>
466<p>Here are values that are supposed to resemble a VGA screen,
467including the murky brown that passes for low-intensity yellow:</p>
468<pre>
469 URxvt.color0: #000000
470 URxvt.color1: #A80000
471 URxvt.color2: #00A800
472 URxvt.color3: #A8A800
473 URxvt.color4: #0000A8
474 URxvt.color5: #A800A8
475 URxvt.color6: #00A8A8
476 URxvt.color7: #A8A8A8</pre>
477<pre>
478 URxvt.color8: #000054
479 URxvt.color9: #FF0054
480 URxvt.color10: #00FF54
481 URxvt.color11: #FFFF54
482 URxvt.color12: #0000FF
483 URxvt.color13: #FF00FF
484 URxvt.color14: #00FFFF
485 URxvt.color15: #FFFFFF</pre>
486<p>And here is a more complete set of non-standard colors described (not by
487me) as ``pretty girly''.</p>
488<pre>
489 URxvt.cursorColor: #dc74d1
490 URxvt.pointerColor: #dc74d1
491 URxvt.background: #0e0e0e
492 URxvt.foreground: #4ad5e1
493 URxvt.color0: #000000
494 URxvt.color8: #8b8f93
495 URxvt.color1: #dc74d1
496 URxvt.color9: #dc74d1
497 URxvt.color2: #0eb8c7
498 URxvt.color10: #0eb8c7
499 URxvt.color3: #dfe37e
500 URxvt.color11: #dfe37e
501 URxvt.color5: #9e88f0
502 URxvt.color13: #9e88f0
503 URxvt.color6: #73f7ff
504 URxvt.color14: #73f7ff
505 URxvt.color7: #e1dddd
506 URxvt.color15: #e1dddd</pre>
507<p>
508</p>
509<h3><a name="why_do_some_characters_look_so_much_different_than_others">Why do some characters look so much different than others?</a></h3>
510<pre>
511
512See next entry.</pre>
513<pre>
514
515=head3 How does rxvt-unicode choose fonts?</pre>
516<pre>
517
518Most fonts do not contain the full range of Unicode, which is
519fine. Chances are that the font you (or the admin/package maintainer of
520your system/os) have specified does not cover all the characters you want
521to display.</pre>
522<pre>
523
524B&lt;rxvt-unicode&gt; makes a best-effort try at finding a replacement
525font. Often the result is fine, but sometimes the chosen font looks
526bad/ugly/wrong. Some fonts have totally strange characters that don't
527resemble the correct glyph at all, and rxvt-unicode lacks the artificial
528intelligence to detect that a specific glyph is wrong: it has to believe
529the font that the characters it claims to contain indeed look correct.</pre>
530<pre>
531
532In that case, select a font of your taste and add it to the font list,
533e.g.:</pre>
534<pre>
535
536 urxvt -fn basefont,font2,font3...</pre>
537<pre>
538
539When rxvt-unicode sees a character, it will first look at the base
540font. If the base font does not contain the character, it will go to the
541next font, and so on. Specifying your own fonts will also speed up this
542search and use less resources within rxvt-unicode and the X-server.</pre>
543<pre>
544
545The only limitation is that none of the fonts may be larger than the base
546font, as the base font defines the terminal character cell size, which
547must be the same due to the way terminals work.</pre>
548<p> 558<p>
549</p> 559</p>
550<h2><a name="keyboard__mouse___user_interaction">Keyboard, Mouse &amp; User Interaction</a></h2> 560<h2><a name="keyboard__mouse___user_interaction">Keyboard, Mouse &amp; User Interaction</a></h2>
551<p> 561<p>
552</p> 562</p>
… …
724<p> 734<p>
725</p> 735</p>
726<h2><a name="terminal_configuration">Terminal Configuration</a></h2> 736<h2><a name="terminal_configuration">Terminal Configuration</a></h2>
727<p> 737<p>
728</p> 738</p>
739<h3><a name="can_i_see_a_typical_configuration">Can I see a typical configuration?</a></h3>
740<p>The default configuration tries to be xterm-like, which I don't like that
741much, but it's least surprise to regular users.</p>
742<p>As a rxvt or rxvt-unicode user, you are practically supposed to invest
743time into customising your terminal. To get you started, here is the
744author's .Xdefaults entries, with comments on what they do. It's certainly
745not <em>typical</em>, but what's typical...</p>
746<pre>
747 URxvt.cutchars: &quot;()*,&lt;&gt;[]{}|'
748 URxvt.print-pipe: cat &gt;/tmp/xxx</pre>
749<p>These are just for testing stuff.</p>
750<pre>
751 URxvt.imLocale: ja_JP.UTF-8
752 URxvt.preeditType: OnTheSpot,None</pre>
753<p>This tells rxvt-unicode to use a special locale when communicating with
754the X Input Method, and also tells it to only use the OnTheSpot pre-edit
755type, which requires the <code>xim-onthespot</code> perl extension but rewards me
756with correct-looking fonts.</p>
757<pre>
758 URxvt.perl-lib: /root/lib/urxvt
759 URxvt.perl-ext-common: default,selection-autotransform,selection-pastebin,xim-onthespot,remote-clipboard
760 URxvt.selection.pattern-0: ( at .*? line \\d+)
761 URxvt.selection.pattern-1: ^(/[^:]+):\
762 URxvt.selection-autotransform.0: s/^([^:[:space:]]+):(\\d+):?$/:e \\Q$1\\E\\x0d:$2\\x0d/
763 URxvt.selection-autotransform.1: s/^ at (.*?) line (\\d+)$/:e \\Q$1\\E\\x0d:$2\\x0d/</pre>
764<p>This is my perl configuration. The first two set the perl library
765directory and also tells urxvt to use a large number of extensions. I
766develop for myself mostly, so I actually use most of the extensions I
767write.</p>
768<p>The selection stuff mainly makes the selection perl-error-message aware
769and tells it to convert pelr error mssages into vi-commands to load the
770relevant file and go tot he error line number.</p>
771<pre>
772 URxvt.scrollstyle: plain
773 URxvt.secondaryScroll: true</pre>
774<p>As the documentation says: plain is the preferred scrollbar for the
775author. The <code>secondaryScroll</code> confgiures urxvt to scroll in full-screen
776apps, like screen, so lines scorlled out of screen end up in urxvt's
777scrollback buffer.</p>
778<pre>
779 URxvt.background: #000000
780 URxvt.foreground: gray90
781 URxvt.color7: gray90
782 URxvt.colorBD: #ffffff
783 URxvt.cursorColor: #e0e080
784 URxvt.throughColor: #8080f0
785 URxvt.highlightColor: #f0f0f0</pre>
786<p>Some colours. Not sure which ones are being used or even non-defaults, but
787these are in my .Xdefaults. Most notably, they set foreground/background
788to light gray/black, and also make sure that the colour 7 matches the
789default foreground colour.</p>
790<pre>
791 URxvt.underlineColor: yellow</pre>
792<p>Another colour, makes underline lines look different. Sometimes hurts, but
793is mostly a nice effect.</p>
794<pre>
795 URxvt.geometry: 154x36
796 URxvt.loginShell: false
797 URxvt.meta: ignore
798 URxvt.utmpInhibit: true</pre>
799<p>Uh, well, should be mostly self-explanatory. By specifying some defaults
800manually, I can quickly switch them for testing.</p>
801<pre>
802 URxvt.saveLines: 8192</pre>
803<p>A large scrollback buffer is essential. Really.</p>
804<pre>
805 URxvt.mapAlert: true</pre>
806<p>The only case I use it is for my IRC window, which I like to keep
807iconified till people msg me (which beeps).</p>
808<pre>
809 URxvt.visualBell: true</pre>
810<p>The audible bell is often annoying, especially when in a crowd.</p>
811<pre>
812 URxvt.insecure: true</pre>
813<p>Please don't hack my mutt! Ooops...</p>
814<pre>
815 URxvt.pastableTabs: false</pre>
816<p>I once thought this is a great idea.</p>
817<pre>
818 urxvt.font: 9x15bold,\
819 -misc-fixed-bold-r-normal--15-140-75-75-c-90-iso10646-1,\
820 -misc-fixed-medium-r-normal--15-140-75-75-c-90-iso10646-1, \
821 [codeset=JISX0208]xft:Kochi Gothic, \
822 xft:Bitstream Vera Sans Mono:autohint=true, \
823 xft:Code2000:antialias=false
824 urxvt.boldFont: -xos4-terminus-bold-r-normal--14-140-72-72-c-80-iso8859-15
825 urxvt.italicFont: xft:Bitstream Vera Sans Mono:italic:autohint=true
826 urxvt.boldItalicFont: xft:Bitstream Vera Sans Mono:bold:italic:autohint=true</pre>
827<p>I wrote rxvt-unicode to be able to specify fonts exactly. So don't be
828overwhelmed. A special note: the <code>9x15bold</code> mentioend above is actually
829the version from XFree-3.3, as XFree-4 replaced it by a totally different
830font (different glyphs for <code>;</code> and many other harmless characters),
831while the second font is actually the <code>9x15bold</code> from XFree4/XOrg. The
832bold version has less chars than the medium version, so I use it for rare
833characters, too. Whene ditign sources with vim, I use italic for comments
834and other stuff, which looks quite good with Bitstream Vera anti-aliased.</p>
835<p>Terminus is a quite bad font (many very wrong glyphs), but for most of my
836purposes, it works, and gives a different look, as my normal (Non-bold)
837font is already bold, and I want to see a difference between bold and
838normal fonts.</p>
839<p>Please note that I used the <code>urxvt</code> instance name and not the <code>URxvt</code>
840class name. Thats because I use different configs for different purposes,
841for example, my IRC window is started with <code>-name IRC</code>, and uses these
842defaults:</p>
843<pre>
844 IRC*title: IRC
845 IRC*geometry: 87x12+535+542
846 IRC*saveLines: 0
847 IRC*mapAlert: true
848 IRC*font: suxuseuro
849 IRC*boldFont: suxuseuro
850 IRC*colorBD: white
851 IRC*keysym.M-C-1: command:\033]710;suxuseuro\007\033]711;suxuseuro\007
852 IRC*keysym.M-C-2: command:\033]710;9x15bold\007\033]711;9x15bold\007</pre>
853<p><code>Alt-Shift-1</code> and <code>Alt-Shift-2</code> switch between two different font
854sizes. <code>suxuseuro</code> allows me to keep an eye (and actually read)
855stuff while keeping a very small window. If somebody pastes something
856complicated (e.g. japanese), I temporarily switch to a larger font.</p>
857<p>The above is all in my <code>.Xdefaults</code> (I don't use <code>.Xresources</code> nor
858<code>xrdb</code>). I also have some resources in a separate <code>.Xdefaults-hostname</code>
859file for different hosts, for example, on ym main desktop, I use:</p>
860<pre>
861 URxvt.keysym.C-M-q: command:\033[3;5;5t
862 URxvt.keysym.C-M-y: command:\033[3;5;606t
863 URxvt.keysym.C-M-e: command:\033[3;1605;5t
864 URxvt.keysym.C-M-c: command:\033[3;1605;606t
865 URxvt.keysym.C-M-p: perl:test</pre>
866<p>The first for keysym definitions allow me to quickly bring some windows
867in the layout I like most. Ion users might start laughing but will stop
868immediately when I tell them that I use my own Fvwm2 module for much the
869same effect as Ion provides, and I only very rarely use the above key
870combinations :-&gt;</p>
871<p>
872</p>
729<h3><a name="why_doesn_t_rxvtunicode_read_my_resources">Why doesn't rxvt-unicode read my resources?</a></h3> 873<h3><a name="why_doesn_t_rxvtunicode_read_my_resources">Why doesn't rxvt-unicode read my resources?</a></h3>
730<p>Well, why, indeed? It does, in a way very similar to other X 874<p>Well, why, indeed? It does, in a way very similar to other X
731applications. Most importantly, this means that if you or your OS loads 875applications. Most importantly, this means that if you or your OS loads
732resources into the X display (the right way to do it), rxvt-unicode will 876resources into the X display (the right way to do it), rxvt-unicode will
733ignore any resource files in your home directory. It will only read 877ignore any resource files in your home directory. It will only read
… …
761can either recompile rxvt-unicode with the desired TERM value or use a 905can either recompile rxvt-unicode with the desired TERM value or use a
762resource to set it:</p> 906resource to set it:</p>
763<pre> 907<pre>
764 URxvt.termName: rxvt</pre> 908 URxvt.termName: rxvt</pre>
765<p>If you don't plan to use <strong>rxvt</strong> (quite common...) you could also replace 909<p>If you don't plan to use <strong>rxvt</strong> (quite common...) you could also replace
766the rxvt terminfo file with the rxvt-unicode one.</p> 910the rxvt terminfo file with the rxvt-unicode one and use <code>TERM=rxvt</code>.</p>
767<p> 911<p>
768</p> 912</p>
769<h3><a name="tic_outputs_some_error_when_compiling_the_terminfo_entry_"><code>tic</code> outputs some error when compiling the terminfo entry.</a></h3> 913<h3><a name="tic_outputs_some_error_when_compiling_the_terminfo_entry_"><code>tic</code> outputs some error when compiling the terminfo entry.</a></h3>
770<p>Most likely it's the empty definition for <code>enacs=</code>. Just replace it by 914<p>Most likely it's the empty definition for <code>enacs=</code>. Just replace it by
771<code>enacs=\E[0@</code> and try again.</p> 915<code>enacs=\E[0@</code> and try again.</p>
… …
857login script running within the rxvt-unicode window changes the locale to 1001login script running within the rxvt-unicode window changes the locale to
858something else, e.g. <code>en_GB.UTF-8</code>. Needless to say, this is not going to work.</p> 1002something else, e.g. <code>en_GB.UTF-8</code>. Needless to say, this is not going to work.</p>
859<p>The best thing is to fix your startup environment, as you will likely run 1003<p>The best thing is to fix your startup environment, as you will likely run
860into other problems. If nothing works you can try this in your .profile.</p> 1004into other problems. If nothing works you can try this in your .profile.</p>
861<pre> 1005<pre>
862 printf '\e]701;%s\007' &quot;$LC_CTYPE&quot;</pre> 1006 printf '\33]701;%s\007' &quot;$LC_CTYPE&quot;</pre>
863<p>If this doesn't work, then maybe you use a <code>LC_CTYPE</code> specification not 1007<p>If this doesn't work, then maybe you use a <code>LC_CTYPE</code> specification not
864supported on your systems. Some systems have a <code>locale</code> command which 1008supported on your systems. Some systems have a <code>locale</code> command which
865displays this (also, <code>perl -e0</code> can be used to check locale settings, as 1009displays this (also, <code>perl -e0</code> can be used to check locale settings, as
866it will complain loudly if it cannot set the locale). If it displays something 1010it will complain loudly if it cannot set the locale). If it displays something
867like:</p> 1011like:</p>
… …
908</p> 1052</p>
909<h3><a name="can_i_switch_locales_at_runtime">Can I switch locales at runtime?</a></h3> 1053<h3><a name="can_i_switch_locales_at_runtime">Can I switch locales at runtime?</a></h3>
910<p>Yes, using an escape sequence. Try something like this, which sets 1054<p>Yes, using an escape sequence. Try something like this, which sets
911rxvt-unicode's idea of <code>LC_CTYPE</code>.</p> 1055rxvt-unicode's idea of <code>LC_CTYPE</code>.</p>
912<pre> 1056<pre>
913 printf '\e]701;%s\007' ja_JP.SJIS</pre> 1057 printf '\33]701;%s\007' ja_JP.SJIS</pre>
914<p>See also the previous answer.</p> 1058<p>See also the previous answer.</p>
915<p>Sometimes this capability is rather handy when you want to work in 1059<p>Sometimes this capability is rather handy when you want to work in
916one locale (e.g. <code>de_DE.UTF-8</code>) but some programs don't support it 1060one locale (e.g. <code>de_DE.UTF-8</code>) but some programs don't support it
917(e.g. UTF-8). For example, I use this script to start <code>xjdic</code>, which 1061(e.g. UTF-8). For example, I use this script to start <code>xjdic</code>, which
918first switches to a locale supported by xjdic and back later:</p> 1062first switches to a locale supported by xjdic and back later:</p>
919<pre> 1063<pre>
920 printf '\e]701;%s\007' ja_JP.SJIS 1064 printf '\33]701;%s\007' ja_JP.SJIS
921 xjdic -js 1065 xjdic -js
922 printf '\e]701;%s\007' de_DE.UTF-8</pre> 1066 printf '\33]701;%s\007' de_DE.UTF-8</pre>
923<p>You can also use xterm's <code>luit</code> program, which usually works fine, except 1067<p>You can also use xterm's <code>luit</code> program, which usually works fine, except
924for some locales where character width differs between program- and 1068for some locales where character width differs between program- and
925rxvt-unicode-locales.</p> 1069rxvt-unicode-locales.</p>
926<p> 1070<p>
927</p> 1071</p>
1072<h3><a name="i_have_problems_getting_my_input_method_working_">I have problems getting my input method working.</a></h3>
1073<p>Try a search engine, as this is slightly different for every input method server.</p>
1074<p>Here is a checklist:</p>
1075<dl>
1076<dt><strong><a name="item__2d_make_sure_your_locale_and_the_imlocale_are_sup">- Make sure your locale <em>and</em> the imLocale are supported on your OS.</a></strong><br />
1077</dt>
1078<dd>
1079Try <code>locale -a</code> or check the documentation for your OS.
1080</dd>
1081<p></p>
1082<dt><strong><a name="item__2d_make_sure_your_locale_or_imlocale_matches_a_lo">- Make sure your locale or imLocale matches a locale supported by your XIM.</a></strong><br />
1083</dt>
1084<dd>
1085For example, <strong>kinput2</strong> does not support UTF-8 locales, you should use
1086<code>ja_JP.EUC-JP</code> or equivalent.
1087</dd>
1088<p></p>
1089<dt><strong><a name="item__2d_make_sure_your_xim_server_is_actually_running_">- Make sure your XIM server is actually running.</a></strong><br />
1090</dt>
1091<dt><strong><a name="item__2d_make_sure_the_xmodifiers_environment_variable_">- Make sure the <code>XMODIFIERS</code> environment variable is set correctly when <em>starting</em> rxvt-unicode.</a></strong><br />
1092</dt>
1093<dd>
1094When you want to use e.g. <strong>kinput2</strong>, it must be set to
1095<code>@im=kinput2</code>. For <strong>scim</strong>, use <code>@im=SCIM</code>. Youc an see what input
1096method servers are running with this command:
1097</dd>
1098<dd>
1099<pre>
1100 xprop -root XIM_SERVERS</pre>
1101</dd>
1102<p></p>
1103<dt></dt>
1104</dl>
1105<p>
1106</p>
928<h3><a name="my_input_method_wants__some_encoding__but_i_want_utf8__what_can_i_do">My input method wants &lt;some encoding&gt; but I want UTF-8, what can I do?</a></h3> 1107<h3><a name="my_input_method_wants__some_encoding__but_i_want_utf8__what_can_i_do">My input method wants &lt;some encoding&gt; but I want UTF-8, what can I do?</a></h3>
929<p>You can specify separate locales for the input method and the rest of the 1108<p>You can specify separate locales for the input method and the rest of the
930terminal, using the resource <code>imlocale</code>:</p> 1109terminal, using the resource <code>imlocale</code>:</p>
931<pre> 1110<pre>
932 URxvt.imlocale: ja_JP.EUC-JP</pre> 1111 URxvt.imlocale: ja_JP.EUC-JP</pre>
933<p>Now you can start your terminal with <code>LC_CTYPE=ja_JP.UTF-8</code> and still 1112<p>Now you can start your terminal with <code>LC_CTYPE=ja_JP.UTF-8</code> and still
934use your input method. Please note, however, that you will not be able to 1113use your input method. Please note, however, that, depending on your Xlib
935input characters outside <code>EUC-JP</code> in a normal way then, as your input 1114version, you may not be able to input characters outside <code>EUC-JP</code> in a
936method limits you.</p> 1115normal way then, as your input method limits you.</p>
937<p> 1116<p>
938</p> 1117</p>
939<h3><a name="rxvtunicode_crashes_when_the_x_input_method_changes_or_exits_">Rxvt-unicode crashes when the X Input Method changes or exits.</a></h3> 1118<h3><a name="rxvtunicode_crashes_when_the_x_input_method_changes_or_exits_">Rxvt-unicode crashes when the X Input Method changes or exits.</a></h3>
940<p>Unfortunately, this is unavoidable, as the XIM protocol is racy by 1119<p>Unfortunately, this is unavoidable, as the XIM protocol is racy by
941design. Applications can avoid some crashes at the expense of memory 1120design. Applications can avoid some crashes at the expense of memory
… …
1048encodings (you might try <code>LC_CTYPE=C-UTF-8</code>), so you are likely limited 1227encodings (you might try <code>LC_CTYPE=C-UTF-8</code>), so you are likely limited
1049to 8-bit encodings.</p> 1228to 8-bit encodings.</p>
1050<p> 1229<p>
1051</p> 1230</p>
1052<hr /> 1231<hr />
1053<h1><a name="rxvt_technical_reference">RXVT TECHNICAL REFERENCE</a></h1> 1232<h1><a name="rxvtunicode_technical_reference">RXVT-UNICODE TECHNICAL REFERENCE</a></h1>
1054<p>
1055</p>
1056<hr />
1057<h1><a name="description">DESCRIPTION</a></h1>
1058<p>The rest of this document describes various technical aspects of 1233<p>The rest of this document describes various technical aspects of
1059<strong>rxvt-unicode</strong>. First the description of supported command sequences, 1234<strong>rxvt-unicode</strong>. First the description of supported command sequences,
1060followed by pixmap support and last by a description of all features 1235followed by pixmap support and last by a description of all features
1061selectable at <code>configure</code> time.</p> 1236selectable at <code>configure</code> time.</p>
1062<p> 1237<p>
1063</p> 1238</p>
1064<hr />
1065<h1><a name="definitions">Definitions</a></h1> 1239<h2><a name="definitions">Definitions</a></h2>
1066<dl> 1240<dl>
1067<dt><strong><a name="item_c"><strong><code>c</code> </strong>&gt;</a></strong><br /> 1241<dt><strong><a name="item_c"><strong><code>c</code> </strong>&gt;</a></strong><br />
1068</dt> 1242</dt>
1069<dd> 1243<dd>
1070The literal character c. 1244The literal character c.
… …
1096A text parameter composed of printable characters. 1270A text parameter composed of printable characters.
1097</dd> 1271</dd>
1098<p></p></dl> 1272<p></p></dl>
1099<p> 1273<p>
1100</p> 1274</p>
1101<hr />
1102<h1><a name="values">Values</a></h1> 1275<h2><a name="values">Values</a></h2>
1103<dl> 1276<dl>
1104<dt><strong><a name="item_enq"><strong><code>ENQ</code> </strong>&gt;</a></strong><br /> 1277<dt><strong><a name="item_enq"><strong><code>ENQ</code> </strong>&gt;</a></strong><br />
1105</dt> 1278</dt>
1106<dd> 1279<dd>
1107Enquiry (Ctrl-E) = Send Device Attributes (DA) 1280Enquiry (Ctrl-E) = Send Device Attributes (DA)
… …
1170Space Character 1343Space Character
1171</dd> 1344</dd>
1172<p></p></dl> 1345<p></p></dl>
1173<p> 1346<p>
1174</p> 1347</p>
1175<hr />
1176<h1><a name="escape_sequences">Escape Sequences</a></h1> 1348<h2><a name="escape_sequences">Escape Sequences</a></h2>
1177<dl> 1349<dl>
1178<dt><strong><a name="item_esc__23_8"><strong><code>ESC # 8</code> </strong>&gt;</a></strong><br /> 1350<dt><strong><a name="item_esc__23_8"><strong><code>ESC # 8</code> </strong>&gt;</a></strong><br />
1179</dt> 1351</dt>
1180<dd> 1352<dd>
1181DEC Screen Alignment Test (DECALN) 1353DEC Screen Alignment Test (DECALN)
… …
1314<tr><td>C = K </td><td>German character set unimplemented</td></tr> 1486<tr><td>C = K </td><td>German character set unimplemented</td></tr>
1315</table><p></p></dl> 1487</table><p></p></dl>
1316<p></p> 1488<p></p>
1317<p> 1489<p>
1318</p> 1490</p>
1319<hr />
1320<h1><a name="csi__command_sequence_introducer__sequences">CSI (Command Sequence Introducer) Sequences</a></h1> 1491<h2><a name="csi__command_sequence_introducer__sequences">CSI (Command Sequence Introducer) Sequences</a></h2>
1321<dl> 1492<dl>
1322<dt><strong><a name="item_esc__5b_ps__40"><strong><code>ESC [ Ps @</code> </strong>&gt;</a></strong><br /> 1493<dt><strong><a name="item_esc__5b_ps__40"><strong><code>ESC [ Ps @</code> </strong>&gt;</a></strong><br />
1323</dt> 1494</dt>
1324<dd> 1495<dd>
1325Insert <strong><a href="#item_ps"><code>Ps</code></a> </strong>&gt; (Blank) <code>Character(s)</code> [default: 1] (ICH) 1496Insert <strong><a href="#item_ps"><code>Ps</code></a> </strong>&gt; (Blank) <code>Character(s)</code> [default: 1] (ICH)
… …
1621</dd> 1792</dd>
1622<p></p></dl> 1793<p></p></dl>
1623<p></p> 1794<p></p>
1624<p> 1795<p>
1625</p> 1796</p>
1626<hr />
1627<h1><a name="dec_private_modes">DEC Private Modes</a></h1> 1797<h2><a name="dec_private_modes">DEC Private Modes</a></h2>
1628<dl> 1798<dl>
1629<dt><strong><a name="item_esc__5b__3f_pm_h"><strong><code>ESC [ ? Pm h</code> </strong>&gt;</a></strong><br /> 1799<dt><strong><a name="item_esc__5b__3f_pm_h"><strong><code>ESC [ ? Pm h</code> </strong>&gt;</a></strong><br />
1630</dt> 1800</dt>
1631<dd> 1801<dd>
1632DEC Private Mode Set (DECSET) 1802DEC Private Mode Set (DECSET)
… …
1798</table></dl> 1968</table></dl>
1799</dl> 1969</dl>
1800<p></p> 1970<p></p>
1801<p> 1971<p>
1802</p> 1972</p>
1803<hr />
1804<h1><a name="xterm_operating_system_commands">XTerm Operating System Commands</a></h1> 1973<h2><a name="xterm_operating_system_commands">XTerm Operating System Commands</a></h2>
1805<dl> 1974<dl>
1806<dt><strong><a name="item_esc__5d_ps_3bpt_st"><strong><code>ESC ] Ps;Pt ST</code> </strong>&gt;</a></strong><br /> 1975<dt><strong><a name="item_esc__5d_ps_3bpt_st"><strong><code>ESC ] Ps;Pt ST</code> </strong>&gt;</a></strong><br />
1807</dt> 1976</dt>
1808<dd> 1977<dd>
1809Set XTerm Parameters. 8-bit ST: 0x9c, 7-bit ST sequence: ESC \ (0x1b, 1978Set XTerm Parameters. 8-bit ST: 0x9c, 7-bit ST sequence: ESC \ (0x1b,
… …
1841<tr><td>Ps = 713</td><td>Set bold-italic fontset to Pt. Similar to Ps = 50 (Compile styles).</td></tr> 2010<tr><td>Ps = 713</td><td>Set bold-italic fontset to Pt. Similar to Ps = 50 (Compile styles).</td></tr>
1842<tr><td>Ps = 720</td><td>Move viewing window up by Pt lines, or clear scrollback buffer if Pt = 0 (Compile frills).</td></tr> 2011<tr><td>Ps = 720</td><td>Move viewing window up by Pt lines, or clear scrollback buffer if Pt = 0 (Compile frills).</td></tr>
1843<tr><td>Ps = 721</td><td>Move viewing window down by Pt lines, or clear scrollback buffer if Pt = 0 (Compile frills).</td></tr> 2012<tr><td>Ps = 721</td><td>Move viewing window down by Pt lines, or clear scrollback buffer if Pt = 0 (Compile frills).</td></tr>
1844<tr><td>Ps = 777</td><td>Call the perl extension with the given string, which should be of the form extension:parameters (Compile perl).</td></tr> 2013<tr><td>Ps = 777</td><td>Call the perl extension with the given string, which should be of the form extension:parameters (Compile perl).</td></tr>
1845</table><p></p></dl> 2014</table><p></p></dl>
1846<p></p>
1847<p> 2015<p>
1848</p> 2016</p>
1849<hr /> 2017<hr />
1850<h1><a name="xpm">XPM</a></h1> 2018<h1><a name="xpm">XPM</a></h1>
1851<p>For the XPM XTerm escape sequence <strong><code>ESC ] 20 ; Pt ST</code> </strong>&gt; then value 2019<p>For the XPM XTerm escape sequence <strong><code>ESC ] 20 ; Pt ST</code> </strong>&gt; then value
… …
1956</dt> 2124</dt>
1957<table> 2125<table>
1958<tr><td>4</td><td>Shift</td></tr> 2126<tr><td>4</td><td>Shift</td></tr>
1959<tr><td>8</td><td>Meta</td></tr> 2127<tr><td>8</td><td>Meta</td></tr>
1960<tr><td>16</td><td>Control</td></tr> 2128<tr><td>16</td><td>Control</td></tr>
1961<tr><td>32</td><td>Double Click (Rxvt extension)</td></tr> 2129<tr><td>32</td><td>Double Click (rxvt extension)</td></tr>
1962</table><p>Col = <strong><code>&lt;x&gt; - SPACE</code> </strong>&gt;</p> 2130</table><p>Col = <strong><code>&lt;x&gt; - SPACE</code> </strong>&gt;</p>
1963<p>Row = <strong><code>&lt;y&gt; - SPACE</code> </strong>&gt;</p> 2131<p>Row = <strong><code>&lt;y&gt; - SPACE</code> </strong>&gt;</p>
1964</dl> 2132</dl>
1965<p> 2133<p>
1966</p> 2134</p>
… …
2426<p></p> 2594<p></p>
2427<dt><strong><a name="item__2d_2dwith_2dxpm_2dincludes_3ddir">--with-xpm-includes=DIR</a></strong><br /> 2595<dt><strong><a name="item__2d_2dwith_2dxpm_2dincludes_3ddir">--with-xpm-includes=DIR</a></strong><br />
2428</dt> 2596</dt>
2429<dd> 2597<dd>
2430Look for the XPM includes in DIR. 2598Look for the XPM includes in DIR.
2431
2432
2433</dd> 2599</dd>
2434<p></p> 2600<p></p>
2435<dt><strong><a name="item__2d_2dwith_2dxpm_2dlibrary_3ddir">--with-xpm-library=DIR</a></strong><br /> 2601<dt><strong><a name="item__2d_2dwith_2dxpm_2dlibrary_3ddir">--with-xpm-library=DIR</a></strong><br />
2436</dt> 2602</dt>
2437<dd> 2603<dd>
2438Look for the XPM library in DIR. 2604Look for the XPM library in DIR.
2439
2440
2441</dd> 2605</dd>
2442<p></p> 2606<p></p>
2443<dt><strong><a name="item__2d_2dwith_2dxpm">--with-xpm</a></strong><br /> 2607<dt><strong><a name="item__2d_2dwith_2dxpm">--with-xpm</a></strong><br />
2444</dt> 2608</dt>
2445<dd> 2609<dd>
2446Not needed - define via --enable-xpm-background. 2610Not needed - define via --enable-xpm-background.
2447
2448
2449</dd> 2611</dd>
2450<p></p></dl> 2612<p></p></dl>
2451<p> 2613<p>
2452</p> 2614</p>
2453<hr /> 2615<hr />
2454<h1><a name="authors">AUTHORS</a></h1> 2616<h1><a name="authors">AUTHORS</a></h1>
2455<p>Marc Lehmann &lt;<a href="mailto:rxvt@schmorp.de">rxvt@schmorp.de</a>&gt; converted this document to pod and 2617<p>Marc Lehmann &lt;<a href="mailto:rxvt@schmorp.de">rxvt@schmorp.de</a>&gt; converted this document to pod and
2456reworked it from the original Rxvt documentation, which was done by Geoff 2618reworked it from the original Rxvt documentation, which was done by Geoff
2457Wing &lt;<a href="mailto:gcw@pobox.com">gcw@pobox.com</a>&gt;, who in turn used the XTerm documentation and other 2619Wing &lt;<a href="mailto:gcw@pobox.com">gcw@pobox.com</a>&gt;, who in turn used the XTerm documentation and other
2458sources. 2620sources.</p>
2459
2460</p>
2461 2621
2462</body> 2622</body>
2463 2623
2464</html> 2624</html>

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