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Revision 1.47 by root, Mon Jan 16 15:07:27 2006 UTC vs.
Revision 1.70 by root, Thu Feb 2 00:31:47 2006 UTC

…		…
127	.\}	127	.\}
128	.rm #[ #] #H #V #F C	128	.rm #[ #] #H #V #F C
129	.\" ========================================================================	129	.\" ========================================================================
130	.\"	130	.\"
131	.IX Title "rxvt 7"	131	.IX Title "rxvt 7"
132	.TH rxvt 7 "2006-01-16" "7.0" "RXVT-UNICODE"	132	.TH rxvt 7 "2006-02-02" "7.5" "RXVT-UNICODE"
133	.SH "NAME"	133	.SH "NAME"
134	RXVT REFERENCE \- FAQ, command sequences and other background information	134	RXVT REFERENCE \- FAQ, command sequences and other background information
135	.SH "SYNOPSIS"	135	.SH "SYNOPSIS"
136	.IX Header "SYNOPSIS"	136	.IX Header "SYNOPSIS"
137	.Vb 2	137	.Vb 2
…		…
151	.SH "DESCRIPTION"	151	.SH "DESCRIPTION"
152	.IX Header "DESCRIPTION"	152	.IX Header "DESCRIPTION"
153	This document contains the \s-1FAQ\s0, the \s-1RXVT\s0 \s-1TECHNICAL\s0 \s-1REFERENCE\s0 documenting	153	This document contains the \s-1FAQ\s0, the \s-1RXVT\s0 \s-1TECHNICAL\s0 \s-1REFERENCE\s0 documenting
154	all escape sequences, and other background information.	154	all escape sequences, and other background information.
155	.PP	155	.PP
156	The newest version of this document is	156	The newest version of this document is also available on the World Wide Web at
157	also available on the World Wide Web at
158	<http://cvs.schmorp.de/browse/*checkout*/rxvt\-unicode/doc/rxvt.7.html>.	157	<http://cvs.schmorp.de/browse/*checkout*/rxvt\-unicode/doc/rxvt.7.html>.
159	.SH "FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS"	158	.SH "RXVT\-UNICODE/URXVT FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS"
160	.IX Header "FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS"	159	.IX Header "RXVT-UNICODE/URXVT FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS"
161	.IP "The new selection selects pieces that are too big, how can I select single words?" 4	160	.Sh "Meta, Features & Commandline Issues"
162	.IX Item "The new selection selects pieces that are too big, how can I select single words?"	161	.IX Subsection "Meta, Features & Commandline Issues"
163	Yes. For example, if you want to select alphanumeric words, you can use	162	\fIMy question isn't answered here, can I ask a human?\fR
164	the following resource:	163	.IX Subsection "My question isn't answered here, can I ask a human?"
165	.Sp	164	.PP
		165	Before sending me mail, you could go to \s-1IRC:\s0 \f(CW\*(C`irc.freenode.net\*(C'\fR,
		166	channel \f(CW\*(C`#rxvt\-unicode\*(C'\fR has some rxvt-unicode enthusiasts that might be
		167	interested in learning about new and exciting problems (but not FAQs :).
		168	.PP
		169	\fIDoes it support tabs, can I have a tabbed rxvt\-unicode?\fR
		170	.IX Subsection "Does it support tabs, can I have a tabbed rxvt-unicode?"
		171	.PP
		172	Beginning with version 7.3, there is a perl extension that implements a
		173	simple tabbed terminal. It is installed by default, so any of these should
		174	give you tabs:
		175	.PP
166	.Vb 1	176	.Vb 1
167	\& URxvt.selection.pattern-0: ([[:word:]]+)	177	\& @@URXVT_NAME@@ -pe tabbed
168	.Ve	178	.Ve
169	.Sp	179	.PP
170	If you click more than twice, the selection will be extended
171	more and more.
172	.Sp
173	To get a selection that is very similar to the old code, try this pattern:
174	.Sp
175	.Vb 1	180	.Vb 1
176	\& URxvt.selection.pattern-0: ([^"&'()*,;<=>?@[\e\e\e\e]^`{|})]+)	181	\& URxvt.perl-ext-common: default,tabbed
177	.Ve	182	.Ve
178	.Sp	183	.PP
179	Please also note that the \fILeftClick Shift-LeftClik\fR combination also	184	It will also work fine with tabbing functionality of many window managers
180	selects words like the old code.	185	or similar tabbing programs, and its embedding-features allow it to be
181	.IP "I don't like the new selection/popups/hotkeys/perl, how do I change/disable it?" 4	186	embedded into other programs, as witnessed by \fIdoc/rxvt\-tabbed\fR or
182	.IX Item "I don't like the new selection/popups/hotkeys/perl, how do I change/disable it?"	187	the upcoming \f(CW\*(C`Gtk2::URxvt\*(C'\fR perl module, which features a tabbed urxvt
183	You can disable the perl extension completely by setting the	188	(murxvt) terminal as an example embedding application.
184	\&\fBperl-ext-common\fR resource to the empty string, which also keeps	189	.PP
185	rxvt-unicode from initialising perl, saving memory.	190	\fIHow do I know which rxvt-unicode version I'm using?\fR
186	.Sp	191	.IX Subsection "How do I know which rxvt-unicode version I'm using?"
187	If you only want to disable specific features, you first have to	192	.PP
188	identify which perl extension is responsible. For this, read the section	193	The version number is displayed with the usage (\-h). Also the escape
189	\&\fB\s-1PREPACKAGED\s0 \s-1EXTENSIONS\s0\fR in the @@RXVT_NAME@@\fIperl\fR\|(3) manpage. For	194	sequence \f(CW\*(C`ESC [ 8 n\*(C'\fR sets the window title to the version number. When
190	example, to disable the \fBselection-popup\fR and \fBoption-popup\fR, specify	195	using the @@URXVT_NAME@@c client, the version displayed is that of the
191	this \fBperl-ext-common\fR resource:	196	daemon.
192	.Sp	197	.PP
		198	\fIRxvt-unicode uses gobs of memory, how can I reduce that?\fR
		199	.IX Subsection "Rxvt-unicode uses gobs of memory, how can I reduce that?"
		200	.PP
		201	Rxvt-unicode tries to obey the rule of not charging you for something you
		202	don't use. One thing you should try is to configure out all settings that
		203	you don't need, for example, Xft support is a resource hog by design,
		204	when used. Compiling it out ensures that no Xft font will be loaded
		205	accidentally when rxvt-unicode tries to find a font for your characters.
		206	.PP
		207	Also, many people (me included) like large windows and even larger
		208	scrollback buffers: Without \f(CW\*(C`\-\-enable\-unicode3\*(C'\fR, rxvt-unicode will use
		209	6 bytes per screen cell. For a 160x?? window this amounts to almost a
		210	kilobyte per line. A scrollback buffer of 10000 lines will then (if full)
		211	use 10 Megabytes of memory. With \f(CW\*(C`\-\-enable\-unicode3\*(C'\fR it gets worse, as
		212	rxvt-unicode then uses 8 bytes per screen cell.
		213	.PP
		214	\fIHow can I start @@URXVT_NAME@@d in a race-free way?\fR
		215	.IX Subsection "How can I start @@URXVT_NAME@@d in a race-free way?"
		216	.PP
		217	Try \f(CW\*(C`@@URXVT_NAME@@d \-f \-o\*(C'\fR, which tells @@URXVT_NAME@@d to open the
		218	display, create the listening socket and then fork.
		219	.PP
		220	\fIHow can I start @@URXVT_NAME@@d automatically when I run URXVT_NAME@@c?\fR
		221	.IX Subsection "How can I start @@URXVT_NAME@@d automatically when I run URXVT_NAME@@c?"
		222	.PP
		223	If you want to start @@URXVT_NAME@@d automatically whenever you run
		224	@@URXVT_NAME@@c and the daemon isn't running yet, use this script:
		225	.PP
		226	.Vb 6
		227	\& #!/bin/sh
		228	\& @@URXVT_NAME@@c "$@"
		229	\& if [ $? -eq 2 ]; then
		230	\& @@URXVT_NAME@@d -q -o -f
		231	\& @@URXVT_NAME@@c "$@"
		232	\& fi
		233	.Ve
		234	.PP
		235	This tries to create a new terminal, and if fails with exit status 2,
		236	meaning it couldn't connect to the daemon, it will start the daemon and
		237	re-run the command. Subsequent invocations of the script will re-use the
		238	existing daemon.
		239	.PP
		240	\fIHow do I distinguish wether I'm running rxvt-unicode or a regular xterm? I need this to decide about setting colors etc.\fR
		241	.IX Subsection "How do I distinguish wether I'm running rxvt-unicode or a regular xterm? I need this to decide about setting colors etc."
		242	.PP
		243	The original rxvt and rxvt-unicode always export the variable \*(L"\s-1COLORTERM\s0\*(R",
		244	so you can check and see if that is set. Note that several programs, \s-1JED\s0,
		245	slrn, Midnight Commander automatically check this variable to decide
		246	whether or not to use color.
		247	.PP
		248	\fIHow do I set the correct, full \s-1IP\s0 address for the \s-1DISPLAY\s0 variable?\fR
		249	.IX Subsection "How do I set the correct, full IP address for the DISPLAY variable?"
		250	.PP
		251	If you've compiled rxvt-unicode with \s-1DISPLAY_IS_IP\s0 and have enabled
		252	insecure mode then it is possible to use the following shell script
		253	snippets to correctly set the display. If your version of rxvt-unicode
		254	wasn't also compiled with \s-1ESCZ_ANSWER\s0 (as assumed in these snippets) then
		255	the \s-1COLORTERM\s0 variable can be used to distinguish rxvt-unicode from a
		256	regular xterm.
		257	.PP
		258	Courtesy of Chuck Blake <cblake@BBN.COM> with the following shell script
		259	snippets:
		260	.PP
193	.Vb 1	261	.Vb 12
194	\& URxvt.perl-ext-common: default,-selection-popup,-option-popup	262	\& # Bourne/Korn/POSIX family of shells:
		263	\& [ ${TERM:-foo} = foo ] && TERM=xterm # assume an xterm if we don't know
		264	\& if [ ${TERM:-foo} = xterm ]; then
		265	\& stty -icanon -echo min 0 time 15 # see if enhanced rxvt or not
		266	\& echo -n '^[Z'
		267	\& read term_id
		268	\& stty icanon echo
		269	\& if [ ""${term_id} = '^[[?1;2C' -a ${DISPLAY:-foo} = foo ]; then
		270	\& echo -n '^[[7n' # query the rxvt we are in for the DISPLAY string
		271	\& read DISPLAY # set it in our local shell
		272	\& fi
		273	\& fi
195	.Ve	274	.Ve
196	.Sp	275	.PP
197	This will keep the default extensions, but disable the two popup	276	\fIHow do I compile the manual pages on my own?\fR
198	extensions. Some extensions can also be configured, for example,	277	.IX Subsection "How do I compile the manual pages on my own?"
199	scrollback search mode is triggered by \fBM\-s\fR. You can move it to any	278	.PP
200	other combination either by setting the \fBsearchable-scrollback\fR resource:	279	You need to have a recent version of perl installed as \fI/usr/bin/perl\fR,
201	.Sp	280	one that comes with \fIpod2man\fR, \fIpod2text\fR and \fIpod2html\fR. Then go to
202	.Vb 1	281	the doc subdirectory and enter \f(CW\*(C`make alldoc\*(C'\fR.
203	\& URxvt.searchable-scrollback: CM-s	282	.PP
204	.Ve
205	.IP "Isn't rxvt supposed to be small? Don't all those features bloat?" 4	283	\fIIsn't rxvt-unicode supposed to be small? Don't all those features bloat?\fR
206	.IX Item "Isn't rxvt supposed to be small? Don't all those features bloat?"	284	.IX Subsection "Isn't rxvt-unicode supposed to be small? Don't all those features bloat?"
		285	.PP
207	I often get asked about this, and I think, no, they didn't cause extra	286	I often get asked about this, and I think, no, they didn't cause extra
208	bloat. If you compare a minimal rxvt and a minimal urxvt, you can see	287	bloat. If you compare a minimal rxvt and a minimal urxvt, you can see
209	that the urxvt binary is larger (due to some encoding tables always being	288	that the urxvt binary is larger (due to some encoding tables always being
210	compiled in), but it actually uses less memory (\s-1RSS\s0) after startup. Even	289	compiled in), but it actually uses less memory (\s-1RSS\s0) after startup. Even
211	with \f(CW\*(C`\-\-disable\-everything\*(C'\fR, this comparison is a bit unfair, as many	290	with \f(CW\*(C`\-\-disable\-everything\*(C'\fR, this comparison is a bit unfair, as many
212	features unique to urxvt (locale, encoding conversion, iso14755 etc.) are	291	features unique to urxvt (locale, encoding conversion, iso14755 etc.) are
213	already in use in this mode.	292	already in use in this mode.
214	.Sp	293	.PP
215	.Vb 3	294	.Vb 3
216	\& text data bss drs rss filename	295	\& text data bss drs rss filename
217	\& 98398 1664 24 15695 1824 rxvt --disable-everything	296	\& 98398 1664 24 15695 1824 rxvt --disable-everything
218	\& 188985 9048 66616 18222 1788 urxvt --disable-everything	297	\& 188985 9048 66616 18222 1788 urxvt --disable-everything
219	.Ve	298	.Ve
220	.Sp	299	.PP
221	When you \f(CW\*(C`\-\-enable\-everything\*(C'\fR (which _is_ unfair, as this involves xft	300	When you \f(CW\*(C`\-\-enable\-everything\*(C'\fR (which \fIis\fR unfair, as this involves xft
222	and full locale/XIM support which are quite bloaty inside libX11 and my	301	and full locale/XIM support which are quite bloaty inside libX11 and my
223	libc), the two diverge, but not unreasnobaly so.	302	libc), the two diverge, but not unreasnobaly so.
224	.Sp	303	.PP
225	.Vb 3	304	.Vb 3
226	\& text data bss drs rss filename	305	\& text data bss drs rss filename
227	\& 163431 2152 24 20123 2060 rxvt --enable-everything	306	\& 163431 2152 24 20123 2060 rxvt --enable-everything
228	\& 1035683 49680 66648 29096 3680 urxvt --enable-everything	307	\& 1035683 49680 66648 29096 3680 urxvt --enable-everything
229	.Ve	308	.Ve
230	.Sp	309	.PP
231	The very large size of the text section is explained by the east-asian	310	The very large size of the text section is explained by the east-asian
232	encoding tables, which, if unused, take up disk space but nothing else	311	encoding tables, which, if unused, take up disk space but nothing else
233	and can be compiled out unless you rely on X11 core fonts that use those	312	and can be compiled out unless you rely on X11 core fonts that use those
234	encodings. The \s-1BSS\s0 size comes from the 64k emergency buffer that my c++	313	encodings. The \s-1BSS\s0 size comes from the 64k emergency buffer that my c++
235	compiler allocates (but of course doesn't use unless you are out of	314	compiler allocates (but of course doesn't use unless you are out of
236	memory). Also, using an xft font instead of a core font immediately adds a	315	memory). Also, using an xft font instead of a core font immediately adds a
237	few megabytes of \s-1RSS\s0. Xft indeed is responsible for a lot of \s-1RSS\s0 even when	316	few megabytes of \s-1RSS\s0. Xft indeed is responsible for a lot of \s-1RSS\s0 even when
238	not used.	317	not used.
239	.Sp	318	.PP
240	Of course, due to every character using two or four bytes instead of one,	319	Of course, due to every character using two or four bytes instead of one,
241	a large scrollback buffer will ultimately make rxvt-unicode use more	320	a large scrollback buffer will ultimately make rxvt-unicode use more
242	memory.	321	memory.
243	.Sp	322	.PP
244	Compared to e.g. Eterm (5112k), aterm (3132k) and xterm (4680k), this	323	Compared to e.g. Eterm (5112k), aterm (3132k) and xterm (4680k), this
245	still fares rather well. And compared to some monsters like gnome-terminal	324	still fares rather well. And compared to some monsters like gnome-terminal
246	(21152k + extra 4204k in separate processes) or konsole (22200k + extra	325	(21152k + extra 4204k in separate processes) or konsole (22200k + extra
247	43180k in daemons that stay around after exit, plus half a minute of	326	43180k in daemons that stay around after exit, plus half a minute of
248	startup time, including the hundreds of warnings it spits out), it fares	327	startup time, including the hundreds of warnings it spits out), it fares
249	extremely well *g*.	328	extremely well *g*.
		329	.PP
250	.IP "Why \*(C+, isn't that unportable/bloated/uncool?" 4	330	\fIWhy \*(C+, isn't that unportable/bloated/uncool?\fR
251	.IX Item "Why , isn't that unportable/bloated/uncool?"	331	.IX Subsection "Why , isn't that unportable/bloated/uncool?"
		332	.PP
252	Is this a question? :) It comes up very often. The simple answer is: I had	333	Is this a question? :) It comes up very often. The simple answer is: I had
253	to write it, and \*(C+ allowed me to write and maintain it in a fraction	334	to write it, and \*(C+ allowed me to write and maintain it in a fraction
254	of the time and effort (which is a scarce resource for me). Put even	335	of the time and effort (which is a scarce resource for me). Put even
255	shorter: It simply wouldn't exist without \*(C+.	336	shorter: It simply wouldn't exist without \*(C+.
256	.Sp	337	.PP
257	My personal stance on this is that \*(C+ is less portable than C, but in	338	My personal stance on this is that \*(C+ is less portable than C, but in
258	the case of rxvt-unicode this hardly matters, as its portability limits	339	the case of rxvt-unicode this hardly matters, as its portability limits
259	are defined by things like X11, pseudo terminals, locale support and unix	340	are defined by things like X11, pseudo terminals, locale support and unix
260	domain sockets, which are all less portable than \*(C+ itself.	341	domain sockets, which are all less portable than \*(C+ itself.
261	.Sp	342	.PP
262	Regarding the bloat, see the above question: It's easy to write programs	343	Regarding the bloat, see the above question: It's easy to write programs
263	in C that use gobs of memory, an certainly possible to write programs in	344	in C that use gobs of memory, an certainly possible to write programs in
264	\&\*(C+ that don't. \*(C+ also often comes with large libraries, but this is	345	\&\*(C+ that don't. \*(C+ also often comes with large libraries, but this is
265	not necessarily the case with \s-1GCC\s0. Here is what rxvt links against on my	346	not necessarily the case with \s-1GCC\s0. Here is what rxvt links against on my
266	system with a minimal config:	347	system with a minimal config:
267	.Sp	348	.PP
268	.Vb 4	349	.Vb 4
269	\& libX11.so.6 => /usr/X11R6/lib/libX11.so.6 (0x00002aaaaabc3000)	350	\& libX11.so.6 => /usr/X11R6/lib/libX11.so.6 (0x00002aaaaabc3000)
270	\& libc.so.6 => /lib/libc.so.6 (0x00002aaaaadde000)	351	\& libc.so.6 => /lib/libc.so.6 (0x00002aaaaadde000)
271	\& libdl.so.2 => /lib/libdl.so.2 (0x00002aaaab01d000)	352	\& libdl.so.2 => /lib/libdl.so.2 (0x00002aaaab01d000)
272	\& /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (0x00002aaaaaaab000)	353	\& /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (0x00002aaaaaaab000)
273	.Ve	354	.Ve
274	.Sp	355	.PP
275	And here is rxvt\-unicode:	356	And here is rxvt\-unicode:
276	.Sp	357	.PP
277	.Vb 5	358	.Vb 5
278	\& libX11.so.6 => /usr/X11R6/lib/libX11.so.6 (0x00002aaaaabc3000)	359	\& libX11.so.6 => /usr/X11R6/lib/libX11.so.6 (0x00002aaaaabc3000)
279	\& libgcc_s.so.1 => /lib/libgcc_s.so.1 (0x00002aaaaada2000)	360	\& libgcc_s.so.1 => /lib/libgcc_s.so.1 (0x00002aaaaada2000)
280	\& libc.so.6 => /lib/libc.so.6 (0x00002aaaaaeb0000)	361	\& libc.so.6 => /lib/libc.so.6 (0x00002aaaaaeb0000)
281	\& libdl.so.2 => /lib/libdl.so.2 (0x00002aaaab0ee000)	362	\& libdl.so.2 => /lib/libdl.so.2 (0x00002aaaab0ee000)
282	\& /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (0x00002aaaaaaab000)	363	\& /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (0x00002aaaaaaab000)
283	.Ve	364	.Ve
284	.Sp	365	.PP
285	No large bloated libraries (of course, none were linked in statically),	366	No large bloated libraries (of course, none were linked in statically),
286	except maybe libX11 :)	367	except maybe libX11 :)
287	.IP "Does it support tabs, can I have a tabbed rxvt\-unicode?" 4	368	.Sh "Rendering, Font & Look and Feel Issues"
288	.IX Item "Does it support tabs, can I have a tabbed rxvt-unicode?"	369	.IX Subsection "Rendering, Font & Look and Feel Issues"
289	rxvt-unicode does not directly support tabs. It will work fine with	370	\fII can't get transparency working, what am I doing wrong?\fR
290	tabbing functionality of many window managers or similar tabbing programs,	371	.IX Subsection "I can't get transparency working, what am I doing wrong?"
291	and its embedding-features allow it to be embedded into other programs,	372	.PP
292	as witnessed by \fIdoc/rxvt\-tabbed\fR or the upcoming \f(CW\*(C`Gtk2::URxvt\*(C'\fR perl	373	First of all, transparency isn't officially supported in rxvt\-unicode, so
293	module, which features a tabbed urxvt (murxvt) terminal as an example	374	you are mostly on your own. Do not bug the author about it (but you may
294	embedding application.	375	bug everybody else). Also, if you can't get it working consider it a rite
295	.IP "How do I know which rxvt-unicode version I'm using?" 4	376	of passage: ... and you failed.
296	.IX Item "How do I know which rxvt-unicode version I'm using?"	377	.PP
297	The version number is displayed with the usage (\-h). Also the escape	378	Here are four ways to get transparency. \fBDo\fR read the manpage and option
298	sequence \f(CW\*(C`ESC [ 8 n\*(C'\fR sets the window title to the version number. When	379	descriptions for the programs mentioned and rxvt\-unicode. Really, do it!
299	using the @@RXVT_NAME@@c client, the version displayed is that of the	380	.PP
300	daemon.	381	1. Use inheritPixmap:
301	.IP "I am using Debian GNU/Linux and have a problem..." 4	382	.PP
302	.IX Item "I am using Debian GNU/Linux and have a problem..."	383	.Vb 2
303	The Debian GNU/Linux package of rxvt-unicode in sarge contains large	384	\& Esetroot wallpaper.jpg
304	patches that considerably change the behaviour of rxvt\-unicode. Before	385	\& @@URXVT_NAME@@ -ip -tint red -sh 40
305	reporting a bug to the original rxvt-unicode author please download and	386	.Ve
306	install the genuine version (<http://software.schmorp.de#rxvt\-unicode>)	387	.PP
307	and try to reproduce the problem. If you cannot, chances are that the	388	That works. If you think it doesn't, you lack transparency and tinting
308	problems are specific to Debian GNU/Linux, in which case it should be	389	support, or you are unable to read.
309	reported via the Debian Bug Tracking System (use \f(CW\*(C`reportbug\*(C'\fR to report	390	.PP
310	the bug).	391	2. Use a simple pixmap and emulate pseudo\-transparency. This enables you
311	.Sp	392	to use effects other than tinting and shading: Just shade/tint/whatever
312	For other problems that also affect the Debian package, you can and	393	your picture with gimp or any other tool:
313	probably should use the Debian \s-1BTS\s0, too, because, after all, it's also a	394	.PP
314	bug in the Debian version and it serves as a reminder for other users that	395	.Vb 2
315	might encounter the same issue.	396	\& convert wallpaper.jpg -blur 20x20 -modulate 30 background.xpm
316	.IP "I am maintaining rxvt-unicode for distribution/OS \s-1XXX\s0, any recommendation?" 4	397	\& @@URXVT_NAME@@ -pixmap background.xpm -pe automove-background
317	.IX Item "I am maintaining rxvt-unicode for distribution/OS XXX, any recommendation?"	398	.Ve
318	You should build one binary with the default options. \fIconfigure\fR	399	.PP
319	now enables most useful options, and the trend goes to making them	400	That works. If you think it doesn't, you lack \s-1XPM\s0 and Perl support, or you
320	runtime\-switchable, too, so there is usually no drawback to enbaling them,	401	are unable to read.
321	except higher disk and possibly memory usage. The perl interpreter should	402	.PP
322	be enabled, as important functionality (menus, selection, likely more in	403	3. Use an \s-1ARGB\s0 visual:
323	the future) depends on it.	404	.PP
324	.Sp	405	.Vb 1
325	You should not overwrite the \f(CW\*(C`perl\-ext\-common\*(C'\fR snd \f(CW\*(C`perl\-ext\*(C'\fR resources	406	\& @@URXVT_NAME@@ -depth 32 -fg grey90 -bg rgba:0000/0000/4444/cccc
326	system-wide (except maybe with \f(CW\*(C`defaults\*(C'\fR). This will result in useful	407	.Ve
327	behaviour. If your distribution aims at low memory, add an empty	408	.PP
328	\&\f(CW\*(C`perl\-ext\-common\*(C'\fR resource to the app-defaults file. This will keep the	409	This requires \s-1XFT\s0 support, and the support of your X\-server. If that
329	perl interpreter disabled until the user enables it.	410	doesn't work for you, blame Xorg and Keith Packard. \s-1ARGB\s0 visuals aren't
330	.Sp	411	there yet, no matter what they claim. Rxvt-Unicode contains the neccessary
331	If you can/want build more binaries, I recommend building a minimal	412	bugfixes and workarounds for Xft and Xlib to make it work, but that
332	one with \f(CW\*(C`\-\-disable\-everything\*(C'\fR (very useful) and a maximal one with	413	doesn't mean that your \s-1WM\s0 has the required kludges in place.
333	\&\f(CW\*(C`\-\-enable\-everything\*(C'\fR (less useful, it will be very big due to a lot of	414	.PP
334	encodings built-in that increase download times and are rarely used).	415	4. Use xcompmgr and let it do the job:
335	.IP "I need to make it setuid/setgid to support utmp/ptys on my \s-1OS\s0, is this safe?" 4	416	.PP
336	.IX Item "I need to make it setuid/setgid to support utmp/ptys on my OS, is this safe?"	417	.Vb 2
337	Likely not. While I honestly try to make it secure, and am probably not	418	\& xprop -frame -f _NET_WM_WINDOW_OPACITY 32c \e
338	bad at it, I think it is simply unreasonable to expect all of freetype	419	\& -set _NET_WM_WINDOW_OPACITY 0xc0000000
339	+ fontconfig + xft + xlib + perl + ... + rxvt-unicode itself to all be	420	.Ve
340	secure. Also, rxvt-unicode disables some options when it detects that it	421	.PP
341	runs setuid or setgid, which is not nice. Besides, with the embedded perl	422	Then click on a window you want to make transparent. Replace \f(CW0xc0000000\fR
342	interpreter the possibility for security problems easily multiplies.	423	by other values to change the degree of opacity. If it doesn't work and
343	.Sp	424	your server crashes, you got to keep the pieces.
344	Elevated privileges are only required for utmp and pty operations on some	425	.PP
345	systems (for example, GNU/Linux doesn't need any extra privileges for	426	\fIWhy does rxvt-unicode sometimes leave pixel droppings?\fR
346	ptys, but some need it for utmp support). It is planned to mvoe this into	427	.IX Subsection "Why does rxvt-unicode sometimes leave pixel droppings?"
347	a forked handler process, but this is not yet done.	428	.PP
348	.Sp	429	Most fonts were not designed for terminal use, which means that character
349	So, while setuid/setgid operation is supported and not a problem on your	430	size varies a lot. A font that is otherwise fine for terminal use might
350	typical single-user-no-other-logins unix desktop, always remember that	431	contain some characters that are simply too wide. Rxvt-unicode will avoid
351	its an awful lot of code, most of which isn't checked for security issues	432	these characters. For characters that are just \*(L"a bit\*(R" too wide a special
352	regularly.	433	\&\*(L"careful\*(R" rendering mode is used that redraws adjacent characters.
		434	.PP
		435	All of this requires that fonts do not lie about character sizes,
		436	however: Xft fonts often draw glyphs larger than their acclaimed bounding
		437	box, and rxvt-unicode has no way of detecting this (the correct way is to
		438	ask for the character bounding box, which unfortunately is wrong in these
		439	cases).
		440	.PP
		441	It's not clear (to me at least), wether this is a bug in Xft, freetype,
		442	or the respective font. If you encounter this problem you might try using
		443	the \f(CW\*(C`\-lsp\*(C'\fR option to give the font more height. If that doesn't work, you
		444	might be forced to use a different font.
		445	.PP
		446	All of this is not a problem when using X11 core fonts, as their bounding
		447	box data is correct.
		448	.PP
		449	\fIHow can I keep rxvt-unicode from using reverse video so much?\fR
		450	.IX Subsection "How can I keep rxvt-unicode from using reverse video so much?"
		451	.PP
		452	First of all, make sure you are running with the right terminal settings
		453	(\f(CW\*(C`TERM=rxvt\-unicode\*(C'\fR), which will get rid of most of these effects. Then
		454	make sure you have specified colours for italic and bold, as otherwise
		455	rxvt-unicode might use reverse video to simulate the effect:
		456	.PP
		457	.Vb 2
		458	\& URxvt.colorBD: white
		459	\& URxvt.colorIT: green
		460	.Ve
		461	.PP
		462	\fISome programs assume totally weird colours (red instead of blue), how can I fix that?\fR
		463	.IX Subsection "Some programs assume totally weird colours (red instead of blue), how can I fix that?"
		464	.PP
		465	For some unexplainable reason, some rare programs assume a very weird
		466	colour palette when confronted with a terminal with more than the standard
		467	8 colours (rxvt\-unicode supports 88). The right fix is, of course, to fix
		468	these programs not to assume non-ISO colours without very good reasons.
		469	.PP
		470	In the meantime, you can either edit your \f(CW\*(C`rxvt\-unicode\*(C'\fR terminfo
		471	definition to only claim 8 colour support or use \f(CW\*(C`TERM=rxvt\*(C'\fR, which will
		472	fix colours but keep you from using other rxvt-unicode features.
		473	.PP
		474	\fICan I switch the fonts at runtime?\fR
		475	.IX Subsection "Can I switch the fonts at runtime?"
		476	.PP
		477	Yes, using an escape sequence. Try something like this, which has the same
		478	effect as using the \f(CW\*(C`\-fn\*(C'\fR switch, and takes effect immediately:
		479	.PP
		480	.Vb 1
		481	\& printf '\ee]50;%s\e007' "9x15bold,xft:Kochi Gothic"
		482	.Ve
		483	.PP
		484	This is useful if you e.g. work primarily with japanese (and prefer a
		485	japanese font), but you have to switch to chinese temporarily, where
		486	japanese fonts would only be in your way.
		487	.PP
		488	You can think of this as a kind of manual \s-1ISO\-2022\s0 switching.
		489	.PP
		490	\fIWhy do italic characters look as if clipped?\fR
		491	.IX Subsection "Why do italic characters look as if clipped?"
		492	.PP
		493	Many fonts have difficulties with italic characters and hinting. For
		494	example, the otherwise very nicely hinted font \f(CW\*(C`xft:Bitstream Vera Sans
		495	Mono\*(C'\fR completely fails in it's italic face. A workaround might be to
		496	enable freetype autohinting, i.e. like this:
		497	.PP
		498	.Vb 2
		499	\& URxvt.italicFont: xft:Bitstream Vera Sans Mono:italic:autohint=true
		500	\& URxvt.boldItalicFont: xft:Bitstream Vera Sans Mono:bold:italic:autohint=true
		501	.Ve
		502	.PP
		503	\fICan I speed up Xft rendering somehow?\fR
		504	.IX Subsection "Can I speed up Xft rendering somehow?"
		505	.PP
		506	Yes, the most obvious way to speed it up is to avoid Xft entirely, as
		507	it is simply slow. If you still want Xft fonts you might try to disable
		508	antialiasing (by appending \f(CW\*(C`:antialias=false\*(C'\fR), which saves lots of
		509	memory and also speeds up rendering considerably.
		510	.PP
		511	\fIRxvt-unicode doesn't seem to anti-alias its fonts, what is wrong?\fR
		512	.IX Subsection "Rxvt-unicode doesn't seem to anti-alias its fonts, what is wrong?"
		513	.PP
		514	Rxvt-unicode will use whatever you specify as a font. If it needs to
		515	fall back to it's default font search list it will prefer X11 core
		516	fonts, because they are small and fast, and then use Xft fonts. It has
		517	antialiasing disabled for most of them, because the author thinks they
		518	look best that way.
		519	.PP
		520	If you want antialiasing, you have to specify the fonts manually.
		521	.PP
		522	\fIWhat's with this bold/blink stuff?\fR
		523	.IX Subsection "What's with this bold/blink stuff?"
		524	.PP
		525	If no bold colour is set via \f(CW\*(C`colorBD:\*(C'\fR, bold will invert text using the
		526	standard foreground colour.
		527	.PP
		528	For the standard background colour, blinking will actually make the
		529	text blink when compiled with \f(CW\*(C`\-\-enable\-blinking\*(C'\fR. with standard
		530	colours. Without \f(CW\*(C`\-\-enable\-blinking\*(C'\fR, the blink attribute will be
		531	ignored.
		532	.PP
		533	On \s-1ANSI\s0 colours, bold/blink attributes are used to set high-intensity
		534	foreground/background colors.
		535	.PP
		536	color0\-7 are the low-intensity colors.
		537	.PP
		538	color8\-15 are the corresponding high-intensity colors.
		539	.PP
		540	\fII don't like the screen colors. How do I change them?\fR
		541	.IX Subsection "I don't like the screen colors. How do I change them?"
		542	.PP
		543	You can change the screen colors at run-time using \fI~/.Xdefaults\fR
		544	resources (or as long\-options).
		545	.PP
		546	Here are values that are supposed to resemble a \s-1VGA\s0 screen,
		547	including the murky brown that passes for low-intensity yellow:
		548	.PP
		549	.Vb 8
		550	\& URxvt.color0: #000000
		551	\& URxvt.color1: #A80000
		552	\& URxvt.color2: #00A800
		553	\& URxvt.color3: #A8A800
		554	\& URxvt.color4: #0000A8
		555	\& URxvt.color5: #A800A8
		556	\& URxvt.color6: #00A8A8
		557	\& URxvt.color7: #A8A8A8
		558	.Ve
		559	.PP
		560	.Vb 8
		561	\& URxvt.color8: #000054
		562	\& URxvt.color9: #FF0054
		563	\& URxvt.color10: #00FF54
		564	\& URxvt.color11: #FFFF54
		565	\& URxvt.color12: #0000FF
		566	\& URxvt.color13: #FF00FF
		567	\& URxvt.color14: #00FFFF
		568	\& URxvt.color15: #FFFFFF
		569	.Ve
		570	.PP
		571	And here is a more complete set of non-standard colors.
		572	.PP
		573	.Vb 18
		574	\& URxvt.cursorColor: #dc74d1
		575	\& URxvt.pointerColor: #dc74d1
		576	\& URxvt.background: #0e0e0e
		577	\& URxvt.foreground: #4ad5e1
		578	\& URxvt.color0: #000000
		579	\& URxvt.color8: #8b8f93
		580	\& URxvt.color1: #dc74d1
		581	\& URxvt.color9: #dc74d1
		582	\& URxvt.color2: #0eb8c7
		583	\& URxvt.color10: #0eb8c7
		584	\& URxvt.color3: #dfe37e
		585	\& URxvt.color11: #dfe37e
		586	\& URxvt.color5: #9e88f0
		587	\& URxvt.color13: #9e88f0
		588	\& URxvt.color6: #73f7ff
		589	\& URxvt.color14: #73f7ff
		590	\& URxvt.color7: #e1dddd
		591	\& URxvt.color15: #e1dddd
		592	.Ve
		593	.PP
		594	They have been described (not by me) as \*(L"pretty girly\*(R".
		595	.PP
		596	\fIWhy do some characters look so much different than others?\fR
		597	.IX Subsection "Why do some characters look so much different than others?"
		598	.PP
		599	See next entry.
		600	.PP
		601	\fIHow does rxvt-unicode choose fonts?\fR
		602	.IX Subsection "How does rxvt-unicode choose fonts?"
		603	.PP
		604	Most fonts do not contain the full range of Unicode, which is
		605	fine. Chances are that the font you (or the admin/package maintainer of
		606	your system/os) have specified does not cover all the characters you want
		607	to display.
		608	.PP
		609	\&\fBrxvt-unicode\fR makes a best-effort try at finding a replacement
		610	font. Often the result is fine, but sometimes the chosen font looks
		611	bad/ugly/wrong. Some fonts have totally strange characters that don't
		612	resemble the correct glyph at all, and rxvt-unicode lacks the artificial
		613	intelligence to detect that a specific glyph is wrong: it has to believe
		614	the font that the characters it claims to contain indeed look correct.
		615	.PP
		616	In that case, select a font of your taste and add it to the font list,
		617	e.g.:
		618	.PP
		619	.Vb 1
		620	\& @@URXVT_NAME@@ -fn basefont,font2,font3...
		621	.Ve
		622	.PP
		623	When rxvt-unicode sees a character, it will first look at the base
		624	font. If the base font does not contain the character, it will go to the
		625	next font, and so on. Specifying your own fonts will also speed up this
		626	search and use less resources within rxvt-unicode and the X\-server.
		627	.PP
		628	The only limitation is that none of the fonts may be larger than the base
		629	font, as the base font defines the terminal character cell size, which
		630	must be the same due to the way terminals work.
		631	.PP
		632	\fIWhy do some chinese characters look so different than others?\fR
		633	.IX Subsection "Why do some chinese characters look so different than others?"
		634	.PP
		635	This is because there is a difference between script and language \*(--
		636	rxvt-unicode does not know which language the text that is output is,
		637	as it only knows the unicode character codes. If rxvt-unicode first
		638	sees a japanese/chinese character, it might choose a japanese font for
		639	display. Subsequent japanese characters will use that font. Now, many
		640	chinese characters aren't represented in japanese fonts, so when the first
		641	non-japanese character comes up, rxvt-unicode will look for a chinese font
		642	\&\*(-- unfortunately at this point, it will still use the japanese font for
		643	chinese characters that are also in the japanese font.
		644	.PP
		645	The workaround is easy: just tag a chinese font at the end of your font
		646	list (see the previous question). The key is to view the font list as
		647	a preference list: If you expect more japanese, list a japanese font
		648	first. If you expect more chinese, put a chinese font first.
		649	.PP
		650	In the future it might be possible to switch language preferences at
		651	runtime (the internal data structure has no problem with using different
		652	fonts for the same character at the same time, but no interface for this
		653	has been designed yet).
		654	.PP
		655	Until then, you might get away with switching fonts at runtime (see \*(L"Can I switch the fonts at runtime?\*(R" later in this document).
		656	.Sh "Keyboard, Mouse & User Interaction"
		657	.IX Subsection "Keyboard, Mouse & User Interaction"
		658	\fIThe new selection selects pieces that are too big, how can I select single words?\fR
		659	.IX Subsection "The new selection selects pieces that are too big, how can I select single words?"
		660	.PP
		661	If you want to select e.g. alphanumeric words, you can use the following
		662	setting:
		663	.PP
		664	.Vb 1
		665	\& URxvt.selection.pattern-0: ([[:word:]]+)
		666	.Ve
		667	.PP
		668	If you click more than twice, the selection will be extended
		669	more and more.
		670	.PP
		671	To get a selection that is very similar to the old code, try this pattern:
		672	.PP
		673	.Vb 1
		674	\& URxvt.selection.pattern-0: ([^"&'()*,;<=>?@[\e\e\e\e]^`{|})]+)
		675	.Ve
		676	.PP
		677	Please also note that the \fILeftClick Shift-LeftClik\fR combination also
		678	selects words like the old code.
		679	.PP
		680	\fII don't like the new selection/popups/hotkeys/perl, how do I change/disable it?\fR
		681	.IX Subsection "I don't like the new selection/popups/hotkeys/perl, how do I change/disable it?"
		682	.PP
		683	You can disable the perl extension completely by setting the
		684	\&\fBperl-ext-common\fR resource to the empty string, which also keeps
		685	rxvt-unicode from initialising perl, saving memory.
		686	.PP
		687	If you only want to disable specific features, you first have to
		688	identify which perl extension is responsible. For this, read the section
		689	\&\fB\s-1PREPACKAGED\s0 \s-1EXTENSIONS\s0\fR in the @@URXVT_NAME@@\fIperl\fR\|(3) manpage. For
		690	example, to disable the \fBselection-popup\fR and \fBoption-popup\fR, specify
		691	this \fBperl-ext-common\fR resource:
		692	.PP
		693	.Vb 1
		694	\& URxvt.perl-ext-common: default,-selection-popup,-option-popup
		695	.Ve
		696	.PP
		697	This will keep the default extensions, but disable the two popup
		698	extensions. Some extensions can also be configured, for example,
		699	scrollback search mode is triggered by \fBM\-s\fR. You can move it to any
		700	other combination either by setting the \fBsearchable-scrollback\fR resource:
		701	.PP
		702	.Vb 1
		703	\& URxvt.searchable-scrollback: CM-s
		704	.Ve
		705	.PP
		706	\fIThe cursor moves when selecting text in the current input line, how do I switch this off?\fR
		707	.IX Subsection "The cursor moves when selecting text in the current input line, how do I switch this off?"
		708	.PP
		709	See next entry.
		710	.PP
		711	\fIDuring rlogin/ssh/telnet/etc. sessions, clicking near the cursor outputs strange escape sequences, how do I fix this?\fR
		712	.IX Subsection "During rlogin/ssh/telnet/etc. sessions, clicking near the cursor outputs strange escape sequences, how do I fix this?"
		713	.PP
		714	These are caused by the \f(CW\*(C`readline\*(C'\fR perl extension. Under normal
		715	circumstances, it will move your cursor around when you click into the
		716	line that contains it. It tries hard not to do this at the wrong moment,
		717	but when running a program that doesn't parse cursor movements or in some
		718	cases during rlogin sessions, it fails to detect this properly.
		719	.PP
		720	You can permamently switch this feature off by disabling the \f(CW\*(C`readline\*(C'\fR
		721	extension:
		722	.PP
		723	.Vb 1
		724	\& URxvt.perl-ext-common: default,-readline
		725	.Ve
		726	.PP
		727	\fIMy numerical keypad acts weird and generates differing output?\fR
		728	.IX Subsection "My numerical keypad acts weird and generates differing output?"
		729	.PP
		730	Some Debian GNUL/Linux users seem to have this problem, although no
		731	specific details were reported so far. It is possible that this is caused
		732	by the wrong \f(CW\*(C`TERM\*(C'\fR setting, although the details of wether and how
		733	this can happen are unknown, as \f(CW\*(C`TERM=rxvt\*(C'\fR should offer a compatible
		734	keymap. See the answer to the previous question, and please report if that
		735	helped.
		736	.PP
		737	\fIMy Compose (Multi_key) key is no longer working.\fR
		738	.IX Subsection "My Compose (Multi_key) key is no longer working."
		739	.PP
		740	The most common causes for this are that either your locale is not set
		741	correctly, or you specified a \fBpreeditStyle\fR that is not supported by
		742	your input method. For example, if you specified \fBOverTheSpot\fR and
		743	your input method (e.g. the default input method handling Compose keys)
		744	does not support this (for instance because it is not visual), then
		745	rxvt-unicode will continue without an input method.
		746	.PP
		747	In this case either do not specify a \fBpreeditStyle\fR or specify more than
		748	one pre-edit style, such as \fBOverTheSpot,Root,None\fR.
		749	.PP
		750	\fII cannot type \f(CI\*(C`Ctrl\-Shift\-2\*(C'\fI to get an \s-1ASCII\s0 \s-1NUL\s0 character due to \s-1ISO\s0 14755\fR
		751	.IX Subsection "I cannot type Ctrl-Shift-2 to get an ASCII NUL character due to ISO 14755"
		752	.PP
		753	Either try \f(CW\*(C`Ctrl\-2\*(C'\fR alone (it often is mapped to \s-1ASCII\s0 \s-1NUL\s0 even on
		754	international keyboards) or simply use \s-1ISO\s0 14755 support to your
		755	advantage, typing <Ctrl\-Shift\-0> to get a \s-1ASCII\s0 \s-1NUL\s0. This works for other
		756	codes, too, such as \f(CW\*(C`Ctrl\-Shift\-1\-d\*(C'\fR to type the default telnet escape
		757	character and so on.
		758	.PP
		759	\fIMouse cut/paste suddenly no longer works.\fR
		760	.IX Subsection "Mouse cut/paste suddenly no longer works."
		761	.PP
		762	Make sure that mouse reporting is actually turned off since killing
		763	some editors prematurely may leave the mouse in mouse report mode. I've
		764	heard that tcsh may use mouse reporting unless it otherwise specified. A
		765	quick check is to see if cut/paste works when the Alt or Shift keys are
		766	depressed.
		767	.PP
		768	\fIWhat's with the strange Backspace/Delete key behaviour?\fR
		769	.IX Subsection "What's with the strange Backspace/Delete key behaviour?"
		770	.PP
		771	Assuming that the physical Backspace key corresponds to the
		772	BackSpace keysym (not likely for Linux ... see the following
		773	question) there are two standard values that can be used for
		774	Backspace: \f(CW\*(C`^H\*(C'\fR and \f(CW\*(C`^?\*(C'\fR.
		775	.PP
		776	Historically, either value is correct, but rxvt-unicode adopts the debian
		777	policy of using \f(CW\*(C`^?\*(C'\fR when unsure, because it's the one only only correct
		778	choice :).
		779	.PP
		780	Rxvt-unicode tries to inherit the current stty settings and uses the value
		781	of `erase' to guess the value for backspace. If rxvt-unicode wasn't
		782	started from a terminal (say, from a menu or by remote shell), then the
		783	system value of `erase', which corresponds to \s-1CERASE\s0 in <termios.h>, will
		784	be used (which may not be the same as your stty setting).
		785	.PP
		786	For starting a new rxvt\-unicode:
		787	.PP
		788	.Vb 3
		789	\& # use Backspace = ^H
		790	\& $ stty erase ^H
		791	\& $ @@URXVT_NAME@@
		792	.Ve
		793	.PP
		794	.Vb 3
		795	\& # use Backspace = ^?
		796	\& $ stty erase ^?
		797	\& $ @@URXVT_NAME@@
		798	.Ve
		799	.PP
		800	Toggle with \f(CW\*(C`ESC [ 36 h\*(C'\fR / \f(CW\*(C`ESC [ 36 l\*(C'\fR.
		801	.PP
		802	For an existing rxvt\-unicode:
		803	.PP
		804	.Vb 3
		805	\& # use Backspace = ^H
		806	\& $ stty erase ^H
		807	\& $ echo -n "^[[36h"
		808	.Ve
		809	.PP
		810	.Vb 3
		811	\& # use Backspace = ^?
		812	\& $ stty erase ^?
		813	\& $ echo -n "^[[36l"
		814	.Ve
		815	.PP
		816	This helps satisfy some of the Backspace discrepancies that occur, but
		817	if you use Backspace = \f(CW\*(C`^H\*(C'\fR, make sure that the termcap/terminfo value
		818	properly reflects that.
		819	.PP
		820	The Delete key is a another casualty of the ill-defined Backspace problem.
		821	To avoid confusion between the Backspace and Delete keys, the Delete
		822	key has been assigned an escape sequence to match the vt100 for Execute
		823	(\f(CW\*(C`ESC [ 3 ~\*(C'\fR) and is in the supplied termcap/terminfo.
		824	.PP
		825	Some other Backspace problems:
		826	.PP
		827	some editors use termcap/terminfo,
		828	some editors (vim I'm told) expect Backspace = ^H,
		829	\&\s-1GNU\s0 Emacs (and Emacs-like editors) use ^H for help.
		830	.PP
		831	Perhaps someday this will all be resolved in a consistent manner.
		832	.PP
		833	\fII don't like the key\-bindings. How do I change them?\fR
		834	.IX Subsection "I don't like the key-bindings. How do I change them?"
		835	.PP
		836	There are some compile-time selections available via configure. Unless
		837	you have run \*(L"configure\*(R" with the \f(CW\*(C`\-\-disable\-resources\*(C'\fR option you can
		838	use the `keysym' resource to alter the keystrings associated with keysyms.
		839	.PP
		840	Here's an example for a URxvt session started using \f(CW\*(C`@@URXVT_NAME@@ \-name URxvt\*(C'\fR
		841	.PP
		842	.Vb 20
		843	\& URxvt.keysym.Home: \e033[1~
		844	\& URxvt.keysym.End: \e033[4~
		845	\& URxvt.keysym.C-apostrophe: \e033<C-'>
		846	\& URxvt.keysym.C-slash: \e033<C-/>
		847	\& URxvt.keysym.C-semicolon: \e033<C-;>
		848	\& URxvt.keysym.C-grave: \e033<C-`>
		849	\& URxvt.keysym.C-comma: \e033<C-,>
		850	\& URxvt.keysym.C-period: \e033<C-.>
		851	\& URxvt.keysym.C-0x60: \e033<C-`>
		852	\& URxvt.keysym.C-Tab: \e033<C-Tab>
		853	\& URxvt.keysym.C-Return: \e033<C-Return>
		854	\& URxvt.keysym.S-Return: \e033<S-Return>
		855	\& URxvt.keysym.S-space: \e033<S-Space>
		856	\& URxvt.keysym.M-Up: \e033<M-Up>
		857	\& URxvt.keysym.M-Down: \e033<M-Down>
		858	\& URxvt.keysym.M-Left: \e033<M-Left>
		859	\& URxvt.keysym.M-Right: \e033<M-Right>
		860	\& URxvt.keysym.M-C-0: list \e033<M-C- 0123456789 >
		861	\& URxvt.keysym.M-C-a: list \e033<M-C- abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz >
		862	\& URxvt.keysym.F12: command:\e033]701;zh_CN.GBK\e007
		863	.Ve
		864	.PP
		865	See some more examples in the documentation for the \fBkeysym\fR resource.
		866	.PP
		867	\fII'm using keyboard model \s-1XXX\s0 that has extra Prior/Next/Insert keys. How do I make use of them? For example, the Sun Keyboard type 4 has the following map\fR
		868	.IX Subsection "I'm using keyboard model XXX that has extra Prior/Next/Insert keys. How do I make use of them? For example, the Sun Keyboard type 4 has the following map"
		869	.PP
		870	.Vb 6
		871	\& KP_Insert == Insert
		872	\& F22 == Print
		873	\& F27 == Home
		874	\& F29 == Prior
		875	\& F33 == End
		876	\& F35 == Next
		877	.Ve
		878	.PP
		879	Rather than have rxvt-unicode try to accommodate all the various possible
		880	keyboard mappings, it is better to use `xmodmap' to remap the keys as
		881	required for your particular machine.
		882	.Sh "Terminal Configuration"
		883	.IX Subsection "Terminal Configuration"
		884	\fIWhy doesn't rxvt-unicode read my resources?\fR
		885	.IX Subsection "Why doesn't rxvt-unicode read my resources?"
		886	.PP
		887	Well, why, indeed? It does, in a way very similar to other X
		888	applications. Most importantly, this means that if you or your \s-1OS\s0 loads
		889	resources into the X display (the right way to do it), rxvt-unicode will
		890	ignore any resource files in your home directory. It will only read
		891	\&\fI$HOME/.Xdefaults\fR when no resources are attached to the display.
		892	.PP
		893	If you have or use an \fI$HOME/.Xresources\fR file, chances are that
		894	resources are loaded into your X\-server. In this case, you have to
		895	re-login after every change (or run \fIxrdb \-merge \f(CI$HOME\fI/.Xresources\fR).
		896	.PP
		897	Also consider the form resources have to use:
		898	.PP
		899	.Vb 1
		900	\& URxvt.resource: value
		901	.Ve
		902	.PP
		903	If you want to use another form (there are lots of different ways of
		904	specifying resources), make sure you understand wether and why it
		905	works. If unsure, use the form above.
		906	.PP
353	.IP "When I log-in to another system it tells me about missing terminfo data?" 4	907	\fIWhen I log-in to another system it tells me about missing terminfo data?\fR
354	.IX Item "When I log-in to another system it tells me about missing terminfo data?"	908	.IX Subsection "When I log-in to another system it tells me about missing terminfo data?"
		909	.PP
355	The terminal description used by rxvt-unicode is not as widely available	910	The terminal description used by rxvt-unicode is not as widely available
356	as that for xterm, or even rxvt (for which the same problem often arises).	911	as that for xterm, or even rxvt (for which the same problem often arises).
357	.Sp	912	.PP
358	The correct solution for this problem is to install the terminfo, this can	913	The correct solution for this problem is to install the terminfo, this can
359	be done like this (with ncurses' infocmp):	914	be done like this (with ncurses' infocmp):
360	.Sp	915	.PP
361	.Vb 2	916	.Vb 2
362	\& REMOTE=remotesystem.domain	917	\& REMOTE=remotesystem.domain
363	\& infocmp rxvt-unicode | ssh $REMOTE "cat >/tmp/ti && tic /tmp/ti"	918	\& infocmp rxvt-unicode | ssh $REMOTE "cat >/tmp/ti && tic /tmp/ti"
364	.Ve	919	.Ve
365	.Sp	920	.PP
366	\&... or by installing rxvt-unicode normally on the remote system,	921	\&... or by installing rxvt-unicode normally on the remote system,
367	.Sp	922	.PP
368	If you cannot or do not want to do this, then you can simply set	923	If you cannot or do not want to do this, then you can simply set
369	\&\f(CW\*(C`TERM=rxvt\*(C'\fR or even \f(CW\*(C`TERM=xterm\*(C'\fR, and live with the small number of	924	\&\f(CW\*(C`TERM=rxvt\*(C'\fR or even \f(CW\*(C`TERM=xterm\*(C'\fR, and live with the small number of
370	problems arising, which includes wrong keymapping, less and different	925	problems arising, which includes wrong keymapping, less and different
371	colours and some refresh errors in fullscreen applications. It's a nice	926	colours and some refresh errors in fullscreen applications. It's a nice
372	quick-and-dirty workaround for rare cases, though.	927	quick-and-dirty workaround for rare cases, though.
373	.Sp	928	.PP
374	If you always want to do this (and are fine with the consequences) you	929	If you always want to do this (and are fine with the consequences) you
375	can either recompile rxvt-unicode with the desired \s-1TERM\s0 value or use a	930	can either recompile rxvt-unicode with the desired \s-1TERM\s0 value or use a
376	resource to set it:	931	resource to set it:
377	.Sp	932	.PP
378	.Vb 1	933	.Vb 1
379	\& URxvt.termName: rxvt	934	\& URxvt.termName: rxvt
380	.Ve	935	.Ve
381	.Sp	936	.PP
382	If you don't plan to use \fBrxvt\fR (quite common...) you could also replace	937	If you don't plan to use \fBrxvt\fR (quite common...) you could also replace
383	the rxvt terminfo file with the rxvt-unicode one.	938	the rxvt terminfo file with the rxvt-unicode one and use \f(CW\*(C`TERM=rxvt\*(C'\fR.
384	.ie n .IP """tic"" outputs some error when compiling the terminfo entry." 4	939	.PP
385	.el .IP "\f(CWtic\fR outputs some error when compiling the terminfo entry." 4	940	\fI\f(CI\*(C`tic\*(C'\fI outputs some error when compiling the terminfo entry.\fR
386	.IX Item "tic outputs some error when compiling the terminfo entry."	941	.IX Subsection "tic outputs some error when compiling the terminfo entry."
		942	.PP
387	Most likely it's the empty definition for \f(CW\*(C`enacs=\*(C'\fR. Just replace it by	943	Most likely it's the empty definition for \f(CW\*(C`enacs=\*(C'\fR. Just replace it by
388	\&\f(CW\*(C`enacs=\eE[0@\*(C'\fR and try again.	944	\&\f(CW\*(C`enacs=\eE[0@\*(C'\fR and try again.
389	.ie n .IP """bash""'s readline does not work correctly under @@RXVT_NAME@@." 4	945	.PP
390	.el .IP "\f(CWbash\fR's readline does not work correctly under @@RXVT_NAME@@." 4	946	\fI\f(CI\*(C`bash\*(C'\fI's readline does not work correctly under @@URXVT_NAME@@.\fR
391	.IX Item "bash's readline does not work correctly under @@RXVT_NAME@@."	947	.IX Subsection "bash's readline does not work correctly under @@URXVT_NAME@@."
392	.PD 0	948	.PP
		949	See next entry.
		950	.PP
393	.IP "I need a termcap file entry." 4	951	\fII need a termcap file entry.\fR
394	.IX Item "I need a termcap file entry."	952	.IX Subsection "I need a termcap file entry."
395	.PD	953	.PP
396	One reason you might want this is that some distributions or operating	954	One reason you might want this is that some distributions or operating
397	systems still compile some programs using the long-obsoleted termcap	955	systems still compile some programs using the long-obsoleted termcap
398	library (Fedora Core's bash is one example) and rely on a termcap entry	956	library (Fedora Core's bash is one example) and rely on a termcap entry
399	for \f(CW\*(C`rxvt\-unicode\*(C'\fR.	957	for \f(CW\*(C`rxvt\-unicode\*(C'\fR.
400	.Sp	958	.PP
401	You could use rxvt's termcap entry with resonable results in many cases.	959	You could use rxvt's termcap entry with resonable results in many cases.
402	You can also create a termcap entry by using terminfo's infocmp program	960	You can also create a termcap entry by using terminfo's infocmp program
403	like this:	961	like this:
404	.Sp	962	.PP
405	.Vb 1	963	.Vb 1
406	\& infocmp -C rxvt-unicode	964	\& infocmp -C rxvt-unicode
407	.Ve	965	.Ve
408	.Sp	966	.PP
409	Or you could use this termcap entry, generated by the command above:	967	Or you could use this termcap entry, generated by the command above:
410	.Sp	968	.PP
411	.Vb 20	969	.Vb 20
412	\& rxvt-unicode|rxvt-unicode terminal (X Window System):\e	970	\& rxvt-unicode|rxvt-unicode terminal (X Window System):\e
413	\& :am:bw:eo:km:mi:ms:xn:xo:\e	971	\& :am:bw:eo:km:mi:ms:xn:xo:\e
414	\& :co#80:it#8:li#24:lm#0:\e	972	\& :co#80:it#8:li#24:lm#0:\e
415	\& :AL=\eE[%dL:DC=\eE[%dP:DL=\eE[%dM:DO=\eE[%dB:IC=\eE[%d@:\e	973	\& :AL=\eE[%dL:DC=\eE[%dP:DL=\eE[%dM:DO=\eE[%dB:IC=\eE[%d@:\e
…		…
428	\& :sc=\eE7:se=\eE[27m:sf=^J:so=\eE[7m:sr=\eEM:st=\eEH:ta=^I:\e	986	\& :sc=\eE7:se=\eE[27m:sf=^J:so=\eE[7m:sr=\eEM:st=\eEH:ta=^I:\e
429	\& :te=\eE[r\eE[?1049l:ti=\eE[?1049h:ue=\eE[24m:up=\eE[A:\e	987	\& :te=\eE[r\eE[?1049l:ti=\eE[?1049h:ue=\eE[24m:up=\eE[A:\e
430	\& :us=\eE[4m:vb=\eE[?5h\eE[?5l:ve=\eE[?25h:vi=\eE[?25l:\e	988	\& :us=\eE[4m:vb=\eE[?5h\eE[?5l:ve=\eE[?25h:vi=\eE[?25l:\e
431	\& :vs=\eE[?25h:	989	\& :vs=\eE[?25h:
432	.Ve	990	.Ve
433	.ie n .IP "Why does ""ls"" no longer have coloured output?" 4	991	.PP
434	.el .IP "Why does \f(CWls\fR no longer have coloured output?" 4	992	\fIWhy does \f(CI\*(C`ls\*(C'\fI no longer have coloured output?\fR
435	.IX Item "Why does ls no longer have coloured output?"	993	.IX Subsection "Why does ls no longer have coloured output?"
		994	.PP
436	The \f(CW\*(C`ls\*(C'\fR in the \s-1GNU\s0 coreutils unfortunately doesn't use terminfo to	995	The \f(CW\*(C`ls\*(C'\fR in the \s-1GNU\s0 coreutils unfortunately doesn't use terminfo to
437	decide wether a terminal has colour, but uses it's own configuration	996	decide wether a terminal has colour, but uses it's own configuration
438	file. Needless to say, \f(CW\*(C`rxvt\-unicode\*(C'\fR is not in it's default file (among	997	file. Needless to say, \f(CW\*(C`rxvt\-unicode\*(C'\fR is not in it's default file (among
439	with most other terminals supporting colour). Either add:	998	with most other terminals supporting colour). Either add:
440	.Sp	999	.PP
441	.Vb 1	1000	.Vb 1
442	\& TERM rxvt-unicode	1001	\& TERM rxvt-unicode
443	.Ve	1002	.Ve
444	.Sp	1003	.PP
445	to \f(CW\*(C`/etc/DIR_COLORS\*(C'\fR or simply add:	1004	to \f(CW\*(C`/etc/DIR_COLORS\*(C'\fR or simply add:
446	.Sp	1005	.PP
447	.Vb 1	1006	.Vb 1
448	\& alias ls='ls --color=auto'	1007	\& alias ls='ls --color=auto'
449	.Ve	1008	.Ve
450	.Sp	1009	.PP
451	to your \f(CW\*(C`.profile\*(C'\fR or \f(CW\*(C`.bashrc\*(C'\fR.	1010	to your \f(CW\*(C`.profile\*(C'\fR or \f(CW\*(C`.bashrc\*(C'\fR.
		1011	.PP
452	.IP "Why doesn't vim/emacs etc. use the 88 colour mode?" 4	1012	\fIWhy doesn't vim/emacs etc. use the 88 colour mode?\fR
453	.IX Item "Why doesn't vim/emacs etc. use the 88 colour mode?"	1013	.IX Subsection "Why doesn't vim/emacs etc. use the 88 colour mode?"
454	.PD 0	1014	.PP
		1015	See next entry.
		1016	.PP
455	.IP "Why doesn't vim/emacs etc. make use of italic?" 4	1017	\fIWhy doesn't vim/emacs etc. make use of italic?\fR
456	.IX Item "Why doesn't vim/emacs etc. make use of italic?"	1018	.IX Subsection "Why doesn't vim/emacs etc. make use of italic?"
		1019	.PP
		1020	See next entry.
		1021	.PP
457	.IP "Why are the secondary screen-related options not working properly?" 4	1022	\fIWhy are the secondary screen-related options not working properly?\fR
458	.IX Item "Why are the secondary screen-related options not working properly?"	1023	.IX Subsection "Why are the secondary screen-related options not working properly?"
459	.PD	1024	.PP
460	Make sure you are using \f(CW\*(C`TERM=rxvt\-unicode\*(C'\fR. Some pre-packaged	1025	Make sure you are using \f(CW\*(C`TERM=rxvt\-unicode\*(C'\fR. Some pre-packaged
461	distributions (most notably Debian GNU/Linux) break rxvt-unicode	1026	distributions (most notably Debian GNU/Linux) break rxvt-unicode
462	by setting \f(CW\*(C`TERM\*(C'\fR to \f(CW\*(C`rxvt\*(C'\fR, which doesn't have these extra	1027	by setting \f(CW\*(C`TERM\*(C'\fR to \f(CW\*(C`rxvt\*(C'\fR, which doesn't have these extra
463	features. Unfortunately, some of these (most notably, again, Debian	1028	features. Unfortunately, some of these (most notably, again, Debian
464	GNU/Linux) furthermore fail to even install the \f(CW\*(C`rxvt\-unicode\*(C'\fR terminfo	1029	GNU/Linux) furthermore fail to even install the \f(CW\*(C`rxvt\-unicode\*(C'\fR terminfo
465	file, so you will need to install it on your own (See the question \fBWhen	1030	file, so you will need to install it on your own (See the question \fBWhen
466	I log-in to another system it tells me about missing terminfo data?\fR on	1031	I log-in to another system it tells me about missing terminfo data?\fR on
467	how to do this).	1032	how to do this).
468	.IP "My numerical keypad acts weird and generates differing output?" 4	1033	.Sh "Encoding / Locale / Input Method Issues"
469	.IX Item "My numerical keypad acts weird and generates differing output?"	1034	.IX Subsection "Encoding / Locale / Input Method Issues"
470	Some Debian GNUL/Linux users seem to have this problem, although no
471	specific details were reported so far. It is possible that this is caused
472	by the wrong \f(CW\*(C`TERM\*(C'\fR setting, although the details of wether and how
473	this can happen are unknown, as \f(CW\*(C`TERM=rxvt\*(C'\fR should offer a compatible
474	keymap. See the answer to the previous question, and please report if that
475	helped.
476	.IP "Rxvt-unicode does not seem to understand the selected encoding?" 4	1035	\fIRxvt-unicode does not seem to understand the selected encoding?\fR
477	.IX Item "Rxvt-unicode does not seem to understand the selected encoding?"	1036	.IX Subsection "Rxvt-unicode does not seem to understand the selected encoding?"
478	.PD 0	1037	.PP
		1038	See next entry.
		1039	.PP
479	.IP "Unicode does not seem to work?" 4	1040	\fIUnicode does not seem to work?\fR
480	.IX Item "Unicode does not seem to work?"	1041	.IX Subsection "Unicode does not seem to work?"
481	.PD	1042	.PP
482	If you encounter strange problems like typing an accented character but	1043	If you encounter strange problems like typing an accented character but
483	getting two unrelated other characters or similar, or if program output is	1044	getting two unrelated other characters or similar, or if program output is
484	subtly garbled, then you should check your locale settings.	1045	subtly garbled, then you should check your locale settings.
485	.Sp	1046	.PP
486	Rxvt-unicode must be started with the same \f(CW\*(C`LC_CTYPE\*(C'\fR setting as the	1047	Rxvt-unicode must be started with the same \f(CW\*(C`LC_CTYPE\*(C'\fR setting as the
487	programs. Often rxvt-unicode is started in the \f(CW\*(C`C\*(C'\fR locale, while the	1048	programs. Often rxvt-unicode is started in the \f(CW\*(C`C\*(C'\fR locale, while the
488	login script running within the rxvt-unicode window changes the locale to	1049	login script running within the rxvt-unicode window changes the locale to
489	something else, e.g. \f(CW\*(C`en_GB.UTF\-8\*(C'\fR. Needless to say, this is not going to work.	1050	something else, e.g. \f(CW\*(C`en_GB.UTF\-8\*(C'\fR. Needless to say, this is not going to work.
490	.Sp	1051	.PP
491	The best thing is to fix your startup environment, as you will likely run	1052	The best thing is to fix your startup environment, as you will likely run
492	into other problems. If nothing works you can try this in your .profile.	1053	into other problems. If nothing works you can try this in your .profile.
493	.Sp	1054	.PP
494	.Vb 1	1055	.Vb 1
495	\& printf '\ee]701;%s\e007' "$LC_CTYPE"	1056	\& printf '\ee]701;%s\e007' "$LC_CTYPE"
496	.Ve	1057	.Ve
497	.Sp	1058	.PP
498	If this doesn't work, then maybe you use a \f(CW\*(C`LC_CTYPE\*(C'\fR specification not	1059	If this doesn't work, then maybe you use a \f(CW\*(C`LC_CTYPE\*(C'\fR specification not
499	supported on your systems. Some systems have a \f(CW\*(C`locale\*(C'\fR command which	1060	supported on your systems. Some systems have a \f(CW\*(C`locale\*(C'\fR command which
500	displays this (also, \f(CW\*(C`perl \-e0\*(C'\fR can be used to check locale settings, as	1061	displays this (also, \f(CW\*(C`perl \-e0\*(C'\fR can be used to check locale settings, as
501	it will complain loudly if it cannot set the locale). If it displays something	1062	it will complain loudly if it cannot set the locale). If it displays something
502	like:	1063	like:
503	.Sp	1064	.PP
504	.Vb 1	1065	.Vb 1
505	\& locale: Cannot set LC_CTYPE to default locale: ...	1066	\& locale: Cannot set LC_CTYPE to default locale: ...
506	.Ve	1067	.Ve
507	.Sp	1068	.PP
508	Then the locale you specified is not supported on your system.	1069	Then the locale you specified is not supported on your system.
509	.Sp	1070	.PP
510	If nothing works and you are sure that everything is set correctly then	1071	If nothing works and you are sure that everything is set correctly then
511	you will need to remember a little known fact: Some programs just don't	1072	you will need to remember a little known fact: Some programs just don't
512	support locales :(	1073	support locales :(
513	.IP "Why do some characters look so much different than others?" 4	1074	.PP
514	.IX Item "Why do some characters look so much different than others?"	1075	\fIHow does rxvt-unicode determine the encoding to use?\fR
515	.PD 0	1076	.IX Subsection "How does rxvt-unicode determine the encoding to use?"
516	.IP "How does rxvt-unicode choose fonts?" 4	1077	.PP
517	.IX Item "How does rxvt-unicode choose fonts?"	1078	See next entry.
518	.PD	1079	.PP
519	Most fonts do not contain the full range of Unicode, which is	1080	\fIIs there an option to switch encodings?\fR
520	fine. Chances are that the font you (or the admin/package maintainer of	1081	.IX Subsection "Is there an option to switch encodings?"
521	your system/os) have specified does not cover all the characters you want	1082	.PP
522	to display.	1083	Unlike some other terminals, rxvt-unicode has no encoding switch, and no
523	.Sp	1084	specific \*(L"utf\-8\*(R" mode, such as xterm. In fact, it doesn't even know about
524	\&\fBrxvt-unicode\fR makes a best-effort try at finding a replacement	1085	\&\s-1UTF\-8\s0 or any other encodings with respect to terminal I/O.
525	font. Often the result is fine, but sometimes the chosen font looks	1086	.PP
526	bad/ugly/wrong. Some fonts have totally strange characters that don't	1087	The reasons is that there exists a perfectly fine mechanism for selecting
527	resemble the correct glyph at all, and rxvt-unicode lacks the artificial	1088	the encoding, doing I/O and (most important) communicating this to all
528	intelligence to detect that a specific glyph is wrong: it has to believe	1089	applications so everybody agrees on character properties such as width
529	the font that the characters it claims to contain indeed look correct.	1090	and code number. This mechanism is the \fIlocale\fR. Applications not using
530	.Sp	1091	that info will have problems (for example, \f(CW\*(C`xterm\*(C'\fR gets the width of
531	In that case, select a font of your taste and add it to the font list,	1092	characters wrong as it uses it's own, locale-independent table under all
532	e.g.:	1093	locales).
533	.Sp	1094	.PP
		1095	Rxvt-unicode uses the \f(CW\*(C`LC_CTYPE\*(C'\fR locale category to select encoding. All
		1096	programs doing the same (that is, most) will automatically agree in the
		1097	interpretation of characters.
		1098	.PP
		1099	Unfortunately, there is no system-independent way to select locales, nor
		1100	is there a standard on how locale specifiers will look like.
		1101	.PP
		1102	On most systems, the content of the \f(CW\*(C`LC_CTYPE\*(C'\fR environment variable
		1103	contains an arbitrary string which corresponds to an already-installed
		1104	locale. Common names for locales are \f(CW\*(C`en_US.UTF\-8\*(C'\fR, \f(CW\*(C`de_DE.ISO\-8859\-15\*(C'\fR,
		1105	\&\f(CW\*(C`ja_JP.EUC\-JP\*(C'\fR, i.e. \f(CW\*(C`language_country.encoding\*(C'\fR, but other forms
		1106	(i.e. \f(CW\*(C`de\*(C'\fR or \f(CW\*(C`german\*(C'\fR) are also common.
		1107	.PP
		1108	Rxvt-unicode ignores all other locale categories, and except for
		1109	the encoding, ignores country or language-specific settings,
		1110	i.e. \f(CW\*(C`de_DE.UTF\-8\*(C'\fR and \f(CW\*(C`ja_JP.UTF\-8\*(C'\fR are the normally same to
		1111	rxvt\-unicode.
		1112	.PP
		1113	If you want to use a specific encoding you have to make sure you start
		1114	rxvt-unicode with the correct \f(CW\*(C`LC_CTYPE\*(C'\fR category.
		1115	.PP
		1116	\fICan I switch locales at runtime?\fR
		1117	.IX Subsection "Can I switch locales at runtime?"
		1118	.PP
		1119	Yes, using an escape sequence. Try something like this, which sets
		1120	rxvt\-unicode's idea of \f(CW\*(C`LC_CTYPE\*(C'\fR.
		1121	.PP
534	.Vb 1	1122	.Vb 1
535	\& @@RXVT_NAME@@ -fn basefont,font2,font3...	1123	\& printf '\ee]701;%s\e007' ja_JP.SJIS
536	.Ve	1124	.Ve
537	.Sp	1125	.PP
538	When rxvt-unicode sees a character, it will first look at the base	1126	See also the previous answer.
539	font. If the base font does not contain the character, it will go to the	1127	.PP
540	next font, and so on. Specifying your own fonts will also speed up this	1128	Sometimes this capability is rather handy when you want to work in
541	search and use less resources within rxvt-unicode and the X\-server.	1129	one locale (e.g. \f(CW\*(C`de_DE.UTF\-8\*(C'\fR) but some programs don't support it
542	.Sp	1130	(e.g. \s-1UTF\-8\s0). For example, I use this script to start \f(CW\*(C`xjdic\*(C'\fR, which
543	The only limitation is that none of the fonts may be larger than the base	1131	first switches to a locale supported by xjdic and back later:
544	font, as the base font defines the terminal character cell size, which	1132	.PP
545	must be the same due to the way terminals work.	1133	.Vb 3
546	.IP "Why do some chinese characters look so different than others?" 4	1134	\& printf '\ee]701;%s\e007' ja_JP.SJIS
547	.IX Item "Why do some chinese characters look so different than others?"	1135	\& xjdic -js
548	This is because there is a difference between script and language \*(--	1136	\& printf '\ee]701;%s\e007' de_DE.UTF-8
549	rxvt-unicode does not know which language the text that is output is,	1137	.Ve
550	as it only knows the unicode character codes. If rxvt-unicode first	1138	.PP
551	sees a japanese/chinese character, it might choose a japanese font for	1139	You can also use xterm's \f(CW\*(C`luit\*(C'\fR program, which usually works fine, except
552	display. Subsequent japanese characters will use that font. Now, many	1140	for some locales where character width differs between program\- and
553	chinese characters aren't represented in japanese fonts, so when the first	1141	rxvt\-unicode\-locales.
554	non-japanese character comes up, rxvt-unicode will look for a chinese font	1142	.PP
555	\&\*(-- unfortunately at this point, it will still use the japanese font for	1143	\fIMy input method wants <some encoding> but I want \s-1UTF\-8\s0, what can I do?\fR
556	chinese characters that are also in the japanese font.	1144	.IX Subsection "My input method wants <some encoding> but I want UTF-8, what can I do?"
557	.Sp	1145	.PP
558	The workaround is easy: just tag a chinese font at the end of your font	1146	You can specify separate locales for the input method and the rest of the
559	list (see the previous question). The key is to view the font list as	1147	terminal, using the resource \f(CW\*(C`imlocale\*(C'\fR:
560	a preference list: If you expect more japanese, list a japanese font	1148	.PP
561	first. If you expect more chinese, put a chinese font first.	1149	.Vb 1
562	.Sp	1150	\& URxvt.imlocale: ja_JP.EUC-JP
563	In the future it might be possible to switch language preferences at	1151	.Ve
564	runtime (the internal data structure has no problem with using different	1152	.PP
565	fonts for the same character at the same time, but no interface for this	1153	Now you can start your terminal with \f(CW\*(C`LC_CTYPE=ja_JP.UTF\-8\*(C'\fR and still
566	has been designed yet).	1154	use your input method. Please note, however, that you will not be able to
567	.Sp	1155	input characters outside \f(CW\*(C`EUC\-JP\*(C'\fR in a normal way then, as your input
568	Until then, you might get away with switching fonts at runtime (see \*(L"Can I switch the fonts at runtime?\*(R" later in this document).	1156	method limits you.
569	.IP "Why does rxvt-unicode sometimes leave pixel droppings?" 4	1157	.PP
570	.IX Item "Why does rxvt-unicode sometimes leave pixel droppings?"	1158	\fIRxvt-unicode crashes when the X Input Method changes or exits.\fR
571	Most fonts were not designed for terminal use, which means that character	1159	.IX Subsection "Rxvt-unicode crashes when the X Input Method changes or exits."
572	size varies a lot. A font that is otherwise fine for terminal use might	1160	.PP
573	contain some characters that are simply too wide. Rxvt-unicode will avoid	1161	Unfortunately, this is unavoidable, as the \s-1XIM\s0 protocol is racy by
574	these characters. For characters that are just \*(L"a bit\*(R" too wide a special	1162	design. Applications can avoid some crashes at the expense of memory
575	\&\*(L"careful\*(R" rendering mode is used that redraws adjacent characters.	1163	leaks, and Input Methods can avoid some crashes by careful ordering at
576	.Sp	1164	exit time. \fBkinput2\fR (and derived input methods) generally succeeds,
577	All of this requires that fonts do not lie about character sizes,	1165	while \fB\s-1SCIM\s0\fR (or similar input methods) fails. In the end, however,
578	however: Xft fonts often draw glyphs larger than their acclaimed bounding	1166	crashes cannot be completely avoided even if both sides cooperate.
579	box, and rxvt-unicode has no way of detecting this (the correct way is to	1167	.PP
580	ask for the character bounding box, which unfortunately is wrong in these	1168	So the only workaround is not to kill your Input Method Servers.
581	cases).	1169	.Sh "Operating Systems / Package Maintaining"
582	.Sp	1170	.IX Subsection "Operating Systems / Package Maintaining"
583	It's not clear (to me at least), wether this is a bug in Xft, freetype,	1171	\fII am using Debian GNU/Linux and have a problem...\fR
584	or the respective font. If you encounter this problem you might try using	1172	.IX Subsection "I am using Debian GNU/Linux and have a problem..."
585	the \f(CW\*(C`\-lsp\*(C'\fR option to give the font more height. If that doesn't work, you	1173	.PP
586	might be forced to use a different font.	1174	The Debian GNU/Linux package of rxvt-unicode in sarge contains large
587	.Sp	1175	patches that considerably change the behaviour of rxvt-unicode (but
588	All of this is not a problem when using X11 core fonts, as their bounding	1176	unfortunately this notice has been removed). Before reporting a bug to
589	box data is correct.	1177	the original rxvt-unicode author please download and install the genuine
		1178	version (<http://software.schmorp.de#rxvt\-unicode>) and try to reproduce
		1179	the problem. If you cannot, chances are that the problems are specific to
		1180	Debian GNU/Linux, in which case it should be reported via the Debian Bug
		1181	Tracking System (use \f(CW\*(C`reportbug\*(C'\fR to report the bug).
		1182	.PP
		1183	For other problems that also affect the Debian package, you can and
		1184	probably should use the Debian \s-1BTS\s0, too, because, after all, it's also a
		1185	bug in the Debian version and it serves as a reminder for other users that
		1186	might encounter the same issue.
		1187	.PP
		1188	\fII am maintaining rxvt-unicode for distribution/OS \s-1XXX\s0, any recommendation?\fR
		1189	.IX Subsection "I am maintaining rxvt-unicode for distribution/OS XXX, any recommendation?"
		1190	.PP
		1191	You should build one binary with the default options. \fIconfigure\fR
		1192	now enables most useful options, and the trend goes to making them
		1193	runtime\-switchable, too, so there is usually no drawback to enbaling them,
		1194	except higher disk and possibly memory usage. The perl interpreter should
		1195	be enabled, as important functionality (menus, selection, likely more in
		1196	the future) depends on it.
		1197	.PP
		1198	You should not overwrite the \f(CW\*(C`perl\-ext\-common\*(C'\fR snd \f(CW\*(C`perl\-ext\*(C'\fR resources
		1199	system-wide (except maybe with \f(CW\*(C`defaults\*(C'\fR). This will result in useful
		1200	behaviour. If your distribution aims at low memory, add an empty
		1201	\&\f(CW\*(C`perl\-ext\-common\*(C'\fR resource to the app-defaults file. This will keep the
		1202	perl interpreter disabled until the user enables it.
		1203	.PP
		1204	If you can/want build more binaries, I recommend building a minimal
		1205	one with \f(CW\*(C`\-\-disable\-everything\*(C'\fR (very useful) and a maximal one with
		1206	\&\f(CW\*(C`\-\-enable\-everything\*(C'\fR (less useful, it will be very big due to a lot of
		1207	encodings built-in that increase download times and are rarely used).
		1208	.PP
		1209	\fII need to make it setuid/setgid to support utmp/ptys on my \s-1OS\s0, is this safe?\fR
		1210	.IX Subsection "I need to make it setuid/setgid to support utmp/ptys on my OS, is this safe?"
		1211	.PP
		1212	It should be, starting with release 7.1. You are encouraged to properly
		1213	install urxvt with privileges necessary for your \s-1OS\s0 now.
		1214	.PP
		1215	When rxvt-unicode detects that it runs setuid or setgid, it will fork
		1216	into a helper process for privileged operations (pty handling on some
		1217	systems, utmp/wtmp/lastlog handling on others) and drop privileges
		1218	immediately. This is much safer than most other terminals that keep
		1219	privileges while running (but is more relevant to urxvt, as it contains
		1220	things as perl interpreters, which might be \*(L"helpful\*(R" to attackers).
		1221	.PP
		1222	This forking is done as the very first within \fImain()\fR, which is very early
		1223	and reduces possible bugs to initialisation code run before \fImain()\fR, or
		1224	things like the dynamic loader of your system, which should result in very
		1225	little risk.
		1226	.PP
590	.IP "On Solaris 9, many line-drawing characters are too wide." 4	1227	\fIOn Solaris 9, many line-drawing characters are too wide.\fR
591	.IX Item "On Solaris 9, many line-drawing characters are too wide."	1228	.IX Subsection "On Solaris 9, many line-drawing characters are too wide."
		1229	.PP
592	Seems to be a known bug, read	1230	Seems to be a known bug, read
593	<http://nixdoc.net/files/forum/about34198.html>. Some people use the	1231	<http://nixdoc.net/files/forum/about34198.html>. Some people use the
594	following ugly workaround to get non-double-wide-characters working:	1232	following ugly workaround to get non-double-wide-characters working:
595	.Sp	1233	.PP
596	.Vb 1	1234	.Vb 1
597	\& #define wcwidth(x) wcwidth(x) > 1 ? 1 : wcwidth(x)	1235	\& #define wcwidth(x) wcwidth(x) > 1 ? 1 : wcwidth(x)
598	.Ve	1236	.Ve
599	.IP "My Compose (Multi_key) key is no longer working." 4	1237	.PP
600	.IX Item "My Compose (Multi_key) key is no longer working."
601	The most common causes for this are that either your locale is not set
602	correctly, or you specified a \fBpreeditStyle\fR that is not supported by
603	your input method. For example, if you specified \fBOverTheSpot\fR and
604	your input method (e.g. the default input method handling Compose keys)
605	does not support this (for instance because it is not visual), then
606	rxvt-unicode will continue without an input method.
607	.Sp
608	In this case either do not specify a \fBpreeditStyle\fR or specify more than
609	one pre-edit style, such as \fBOverTheSpot,Root,None\fR.
610	.ie n .IP "I cannot type ""Ctrl\-Shift\-2"" to get an \s-1ASCII\s0 \s-1NUL\s0 character due to \s-1ISO\s0 14755" 4
611	.el .IP "I cannot type \f(CWCtrl\-Shift\-2\fR to get an \s-1ASCII\s0 \s-1NUL\s0 character due to \s-1ISO\s0 14755" 4
612	.IX Item "I cannot type Ctrl-Shift-2 to get an ASCII NUL character due to ISO 14755"
613	Either try \f(CW\*(C`Ctrl\-2\*(C'\fR alone (it often is mapped to \s-1ASCII\s0 \s-1NUL\s0 even on
614	international keyboards) or simply use \s-1ISO\s0 14755 support to your
615	advantage, typing <Ctrl\-Shift\-0> to get a \s-1ASCII\s0 \s-1NUL\s0. This works for other
616	codes, too, such as \f(CW\*(C`Ctrl\-Shift\-1\-d\*(C'\fR to type the default telnet escape
617	character and so on.
618	.IP "How can I keep rxvt-unicode from using reverse video so much?" 4
619	.IX Item "How can I keep rxvt-unicode from using reverse video so much?"
620	First of all, make sure you are running with the right terminal settings
621	(\f(CW\*(C`TERM=rxvt\-unicode\*(C'\fR), which will get rid of most of these effects. Then
622	make sure you have specified colours for italic and bold, as otherwise
623	rxvt-unicode might use reverse video to simulate the effect:
624	.Sp
625	.Vb 2
626	\& URxvt.colorBD: white
627	\& URxvt.colorIT: green
628	.Ve
629	.IP "Some programs assume totally weird colours (red instead of blue), how can I fix that?" 4
630	.IX Item "Some programs assume totally weird colours (red instead of blue), how can I fix that?"
631	For some unexplainable reason, some rare programs assume a very weird
632	colour palette when confronted with a terminal with more than the standard
633	8 colours (rxvt\-unicode supports 88). The right fix is, of course, to fix
634	these programs not to assume non-ISO colours without very good reasons.
635	.Sp
636	In the meantime, you can either edit your \f(CW\*(C`rxvt\-unicode\*(C'\fR terminfo
637	definition to only claim 8 colour support or use \f(CW\*(C`TERM=rxvt\*(C'\fR, which will
638	fix colours but keep you from using other rxvt-unicode features.
639	.IP "I am on FreeBSD and rxvt-unicode does not seem to work at all." 4	1238	\fII am on FreeBSD and rxvt-unicode does not seem to work at all.\fR
640	.IX Item "I am on FreeBSD and rxvt-unicode does not seem to work at all."	1239	.IX Subsection "I am on FreeBSD and rxvt-unicode does not seem to work at all."
		1240	.PP
641	Rxvt-unicode requires the symbol \f(CW\*(C`_\|_STDC_ISO_10646_\|_\*(C'\fR to be defined	1241	Rxvt-unicode requires the symbol \f(CW\*(C`_\|_STDC_ISO_10646_\|_\*(C'\fR to be defined
642	in your compile environment, or an implementation that implements it,	1242	in your compile environment, or an implementation that implements it,
643	wether it defines the symbol or not. \f(CW\*(C`_\|_STDC_ISO_10646_\|_\*(C'\fR requires that	1243	wether it defines the symbol or not. \f(CW\*(C`_\|_STDC_ISO_10646_\|_\*(C'\fR requires that
644	\&\fBwchar_t\fR is represented as unicode.	1244	\&\fBwchar_t\fR is represented as unicode.
645	.Sp	1245	.PP
646	As you might have guessed, FreeBSD does neither define this symobl nor	1246	As you might have guessed, FreeBSD does neither define this symobl nor
647	does it support it. Instead, it uses it's own internal representation of	1247	does it support it. Instead, it uses it's own internal representation of
648	\&\fBwchar_t\fR. This is, of course, completely fine with respect to standards.	1248	\&\fBwchar_t\fR. This is, of course, completely fine with respect to standards.
649	.Sp	1249	.PP
650	However, that means rxvt-unicode only works in \f(CW\*(C`POSIX\*(C'\fR, \f(CW\*(C`ISO\-8859\-1\*(C'\fR and	1250	However, that means rxvt-unicode only works in \f(CW\*(C`POSIX\*(C'\fR, \f(CW\*(C`ISO\-8859\-1\*(C'\fR and
651	\&\f(CW\*(C`UTF\-8\*(C'\fR locales under FreeBSD (which all use Unicode as \fBwchar_t\fR.	1251	\&\f(CW\*(C`UTF\-8\*(C'\fR locales under FreeBSD (which all use Unicode as \fBwchar_t\fR.
652	.Sp	1252	.PP
653	\&\f(CW\*(C`_\|_STDC_ISO_10646_\|_\*(C'\fR is the only sane way to support multi-language	1253	\&\f(CW\*(C`_\|_STDC_ISO_10646_\|_\*(C'\fR is the only sane way to support multi-language
654	apps in an \s-1OS\s0, as using a locale-dependent (and non\-standardized)	1254	apps in an \s-1OS\s0, as using a locale-dependent (and non\-standardized)
655	representation of \fBwchar_t\fR makes it impossible to convert between	1255	representation of \fBwchar_t\fR makes it impossible to convert between
656	\&\fBwchar_t\fR (as used by X11 and your applications) and any other encoding	1256	\&\fBwchar_t\fR (as used by X11 and your applications) and any other encoding
657	without implementing OS-specific-wrappers for each and every locale. There	1257	without implementing OS-specific-wrappers for each and every locale. There
658	simply are no APIs to convert \fBwchar_t\fR into anything except the current	1258	simply are no APIs to convert \fBwchar_t\fR into anything except the current
659	locale encoding.	1259	locale encoding.
660	.Sp	1260	.PP
661	Some applications (such as the formidable \fBmlterm\fR) work around this	1261	Some applications (such as the formidable \fBmlterm\fR) work around this
662	by carrying their own replacement functions for character set handling	1262	by carrying their own replacement functions for character set handling
663	with them, and either implementing OS-dependent hacks or doing multiple	1263	with them, and either implementing OS-dependent hacks or doing multiple
664	conversions (which is slow and unreliable in case the \s-1OS\s0 implements	1264	conversions (which is slow and unreliable in case the \s-1OS\s0 implements
665	encodings slightly different than the terminal emulator).	1265	encodings slightly different than the terminal emulator).
666	.Sp	1266	.PP
667	The rxvt-unicode author insists that the right way to fix this is in the	1267	The rxvt-unicode author insists that the right way to fix this is in the
668	system libraries once and for all, instead of forcing every app to carry	1268	system libraries once and for all, instead of forcing every app to carry
669	complete replacements for them :)	1269	complete replacements for them :)
		1270	.PP
670	.IP "I use Solaris 9 and it doesn't compile/work/etc." 4	1271	\fII use Solaris 9 and it doesn't compile/work/etc.\fR
671	.IX Item "I use Solaris 9 and it doesn't compile/work/etc."	1272	.IX Subsection "I use Solaris 9 and it doesn't compile/work/etc."
		1273	.PP
672	Try the diff in \fIdoc/solaris9.patch\fR as a base. It fixes the worst	1274	Try the diff in \fIdoc/solaris9.patch\fR as a base. It fixes the worst
673	problems with \f(CW\*(C`wcwidth\*(C'\fR and a compile problem.	1275	problems with \f(CW\*(C`wcwidth\*(C'\fR and a compile problem.
		1276	.PP
674	.IP "How can I use rxvt-unicode under cygwin?" 4	1277	\fIHow can I use rxvt-unicode under cygwin?\fR
675	.IX Item "How can I use rxvt-unicode under cygwin?"	1278	.IX Subsection "How can I use rxvt-unicode under cygwin?"
		1279	.PP
676	rxvt-unicode should compile and run out of the box on cygwin, using	1280	rxvt-unicode should compile and run out of the box on cygwin, using
677	the X11 libraries that come with cygwin. libW11 emulation is no	1281	the X11 libraries that come with cygwin. libW11 emulation is no
678	longer supported (and makes no sense, either, as it only supported a	1282	longer supported (and makes no sense, either, as it only supported a
679	single font). I recommend starting the X\-server in \f(CW\*(C`\-multiwindow\*(C'\fR or	1283	single font). I recommend starting the X\-server in \f(CW\*(C`\-multiwindow\*(C'\fR or
680	\&\f(CW\*(C`\-rootless\*(C'\fR mode instead, which will result in similar look&feel as the	1284	\&\f(CW\*(C`\-rootless\*(C'\fR mode instead, which will result in similar look&feel as the
681	old libW11 emulation.	1285	old libW11 emulation.
682	.Sp	1286	.PP
683	At the time of this writing, cygwin didn't seem to support any multi-byte	1287	At the time of this writing, cygwin didn't seem to support any multi-byte
684	encodings (you might try \f(CW\*(C`LC_CTYPE=C\-UTF\-8\*(C'\fR), so you are likely limited	1288	encodings (you might try \f(CW\*(C`LC_CTYPE=C\-UTF\-8\*(C'\fR), so you are likely limited
685	to 8\-bit encodings.	1289	to 8\-bit encodings.
686	.IP "How does rxvt-unicode determine the encoding to use?" 4
687	.IX Item "How does rxvt-unicode determine the encoding to use?"
688	.PD 0
689	.IP "Is there an option to switch encodings?" 4
690	.IX Item "Is there an option to switch encodings?"
691	.PD
692	Unlike some other terminals, rxvt-unicode has no encoding switch, and no
693	specific \*(L"utf\-8\*(R" mode, such as xterm. In fact, it doesn't even know about
694	\&\s-1UTF\-8\s0 or any other encodings with respect to terminal I/O.
695	.Sp
696	The reasons is that there exists a perfectly fine mechanism for selecting
697	the encoding, doing I/O and (most important) communicating this to all
698	applications so everybody agrees on character properties such as width
699	and code number. This mechanism is the \fIlocale\fR. Applications not using
700	that info will have problems (for example, \f(CW\*(C`xterm\*(C'\fR gets the width of
701	characters wrong as it uses it's own, locale-independent table under all
702	locales).
703	.Sp
704	Rxvt-unicode uses the \f(CW\*(C`LC_CTYPE\*(C'\fR locale category to select encoding. All
705	programs doing the same (that is, most) will automatically agree in the
706	interpretation of characters.
707	.Sp
708	Unfortunately, there is no system-independent way to select locales, nor
709	is there a standard on how locale specifiers will look like.
710	.Sp
711	On most systems, the content of the \f(CW\*(C`LC_CTYPE\*(C'\fR environment variable
712	contains an arbitrary string which corresponds to an already-installed
713	locale. Common names for locales are \f(CW\*(C`en_US.UTF\-8\*(C'\fR, \f(CW\*(C`de_DE.ISO\-8859\-15\*(C'\fR,
714	\&\f(CW\*(C`ja_JP.EUC\-JP\*(C'\fR, i.e. \f(CW\*(C`language_country.encoding\*(C'\fR, but other forms
715	(i.e. \f(CW\*(C`de\*(C'\fR or \f(CW\*(C`german\*(C'\fR) are also common.
716	.Sp
717	Rxvt-unicode ignores all other locale categories, and except for
718	the encoding, ignores country or language-specific settings,
719	i.e. \f(CW\*(C`de_DE.UTF\-8\*(C'\fR and \f(CW\*(C`ja_JP.UTF\-8\*(C'\fR are the normally same to
720	rxvt\-unicode.
721	.Sp
722	If you want to use a specific encoding you have to make sure you start
723	rxvt-unicode with the correct \f(CW\*(C`LC_CTYPE\*(C'\fR category.
724	.IP "Can I switch locales at runtime?" 4
725	.IX Item "Can I switch locales at runtime?"
726	Yes, using an escape sequence. Try something like this, which sets
727	rxvt\-unicode's idea of \f(CW\*(C`LC_CTYPE\*(C'\fR.
728	.Sp
729	.Vb 1
730	\& printf '\ee]701;%s\e007' ja_JP.SJIS
731	.Ve
732	.Sp
733	See also the previous answer.
734	.Sp
735	Sometimes this capability is rather handy when you want to work in
736	one locale (e.g. \f(CW\*(C`de_DE.UTF\-8\*(C'\fR) but some programs don't support it
737	(e.g. \s-1UTF\-8\s0). For example, I use this script to start \f(CW\*(C`xjdic\*(C'\fR, which
738	first switches to a locale supported by xjdic and back later:
739	.Sp
740	.Vb 3
741	\& printf '\ee]701;%s\e007' ja_JP.SJIS
742	\& xjdic -js
743	\& printf '\ee]701;%s\e007' de_DE.UTF-8
744	.Ve
745	.Sp
746	You can also use xterm's \f(CW\*(C`luit\*(C'\fR program, which usually works fine, except
747	for some locales where character width differs between program\- and
748	rxvt\-unicode\-locales.
749	.IP "Can I switch the fonts at runtime?" 4
750	.IX Item "Can I switch the fonts at runtime?"
751	Yes, using an escape sequence. Try something like this, which has the same
752	effect as using the \f(CW\*(C`\-fn\*(C'\fR switch, and takes effect immediately:
753	.Sp
754	.Vb 1
755	\& printf '\ee]50;%s\e007' "9x15bold,xft:Kochi Gothic"
756	.Ve
757	.Sp
758	This is useful if you e.g. work primarily with japanese (and prefer a
759	japanese font), but you have to switch to chinese temporarily, where
760	japanese fonts would only be in your way.
761	.Sp
762	You can think of this as a kind of manual \s-1ISO\-2022\s0 switching.
763	.IP "Why do italic characters look as if clipped?" 4
764	.IX Item "Why do italic characters look as if clipped?"
765	Many fonts have difficulties with italic characters and hinting. For
766	example, the otherwise very nicely hinted font \f(CW\*(C`xft:Bitstream Vera Sans
767	Mono\*(C'\fR completely fails in it's italic face. A workaround might be to
768	enable freetype autohinting, i.e. like this:
769	.Sp
770	.Vb 2
771	\& URxvt.italicFont: xft:Bitstream Vera Sans Mono:italic:autohint=true
772	\& URxvt.boldItalicFont: xft:Bitstream Vera Sans Mono:bold:italic:autohint=true
773	.Ve
774	.IP "My input method wants <some encoding> but I want \s-1UTF\-8\s0, what can I do?" 4
775	.IX Item "My input method wants <some encoding> but I want UTF-8, what can I do?"
776	You can specify separate locales for the input method and the rest of the
777	terminal, using the resource \f(CW\*(C`imlocale\*(C'\fR:
778	.Sp
779	.Vb 1
780	\& URxvt.imlocale: ja_JP.EUC-JP
781	.Ve
782	.Sp
783	Now you can start your terminal with \f(CW\*(C`LC_CTYPE=ja_JP.UTF\-8\*(C'\fR and still
784	use your input method. Please note, however, that you will not be able to
785	input characters outside \f(CW\*(C`EUC\-JP\*(C'\fR in a normal way then, as your input
786	method limits you.
787	.IP "Rxvt-unicode crashes when the X Input Method changes or exits." 4
788	.IX Item "Rxvt-unicode crashes when the X Input Method changes or exits."
789	Unfortunately, this is unavoidable, as the \s-1XIM\s0 protocol is racy by
790	design. Applications can avoid some crashes at the expense of memory
791	leaks, and Input Methods can avoid some crashes by careful ordering at
792	exit time. \fBkinput2\fR (and derived input methods) generally succeeds,
793	while \fB\s-1SCIM\s0\fR (or similar input methods) fails. In the end, however,
794	crashes cannot be completely avoided even if both sides cooperate.
795	.Sp
796	So the only workaround is not to kill your Input Method Servers.
797	.IP "Rxvt-unicode uses gobs of memory, how can I reduce that?" 4
798	.IX Item "Rxvt-unicode uses gobs of memory, how can I reduce that?"
799	Rxvt-unicode tries to obey the rule of not charging you for something you
800	don't use. One thing you should try is to configure out all settings that
801	you don't need, for example, Xft support is a resource hog by design,
802	when used. Compiling it out ensures that no Xft font will be loaded
803	accidentally when rxvt-unicode tries to find a font for your characters.
804	.Sp
805	Also, many people (me included) like large windows and even larger
806	scrollback buffers: Without \f(CW\*(C`\-\-enable\-unicode3\*(C'\fR, rxvt-unicode will use
807	6 bytes per screen cell. For a 160x?? window this amounts to almost a
808	kilobyte per line. A scrollback buffer of 10000 lines will then (if full)
809	use 10 Megabytes of memory. With \f(CW\*(C`\-\-enable\-unicode3\*(C'\fR it gets worse, as
810	rxvt-unicode then uses 8 bytes per screen cell.
811	.IP "Can I speed up Xft rendering somehow?" 4
812	.IX Item "Can I speed up Xft rendering somehow?"
813	Yes, the most obvious way to speed it up is to avoid Xft entirely, as
814	it is simply slow. If you still want Xft fonts you might try to disable
815	antialiasing (by appending \f(CW\*(C`:antialias=false\*(C'\fR), which saves lots of
816	memory and also speeds up rendering considerably.
817	.IP "Rxvt-unicode doesn't seem to anti-alias its fonts, what is wrong?" 4
818	.IX Item "Rxvt-unicode doesn't seem to anti-alias its fonts, what is wrong?"
819	Rxvt-unicode will use whatever you specify as a font. If it needs to
820	fall back to it's default font search list it will prefer X11 core
821	fonts, because they are small and fast, and then use Xft fonts. It has
822	antialiasing disabled for most of them, because the author thinks they
823	look best that way.
824	.Sp
825	If you want antialiasing, you have to specify the fonts manually.
826	.IP "Mouse cut/paste suddenly no longer works." 4
827	.IX Item "Mouse cut/paste suddenly no longer works."
828	Make sure that mouse reporting is actually turned off since killing
829	some editors prematurely may leave the mouse in mouse report mode. I've
830	heard that tcsh may use mouse reporting unless it otherwise specified. A
831	quick check is to see if cut/paste works when the Alt or Shift keys are
832	depressed.
833	.IP "What's with this bold/blink stuff?" 4
834	.IX Item "What's with this bold/blink stuff?"
835	If no bold colour is set via \f(CW\*(C`colorBD:\*(C'\fR, bold will invert text using the
836	standard foreground colour.
837	.Sp
838	For the standard background colour, blinking will actually make the
839	text blink when compiled with \f(CW\*(C`\-\-enable\-blinking\*(C'\fR. with standard
840	colours. Without \f(CW\*(C`\-\-enable\-blinking\*(C'\fR, the blink attribute will be
841	ignored.
842	.Sp
843	On \s-1ANSI\s0 colours, bold/blink attributes are used to set high-intensity
844	foreground/background colors.
845	.Sp
846	color0\-7 are the low-intensity colors.
847	.Sp
848	color8\-15 are the corresponding high-intensity colors.
849	.IP "I don't like the screen colors. How do I change them?" 4
850	.IX Item "I don't like the screen colors. How do I change them?"
851	You can change the screen colors at run-time using \fI~/.Xdefaults\fR
852	resources (or as long\-options).
853	.Sp
854	Here are values that are supposed to resemble a \s-1VGA\s0 screen,
855	including the murky brown that passes for low-intensity yellow:
856	.Sp
857	.Vb 8
858	\& URxvt.color0: #000000
859	\& URxvt.color1: #A80000
860	\& URxvt.color2: #00A800
861	\& URxvt.color3: #A8A800
862	\& URxvt.color4: #0000A8
863	\& URxvt.color5: #A800A8
864	\& URxvt.color6: #00A8A8
865	\& URxvt.color7: #A8A8A8
866	.Ve
867	.Sp
868	.Vb 8
869	\& URxvt.color8: #000054
870	\& URxvt.color9: #FF0054
871	\& URxvt.color10: #00FF54
872	\& URxvt.color11: #FFFF54
873	\& URxvt.color12: #0000FF
874	\& URxvt.color13: #FF00FF
875	\& URxvt.color14: #00FFFF
876	\& URxvt.color15: #FFFFFF
877	.Ve
878	.Sp
879	And here is a more complete set of non-standard colors described (not by
880	me) as \*(L"pretty girly\*(R".
881	.Sp
882	.Vb 18
883	\& URxvt.cursorColor: #dc74d1
884	\& URxvt.pointerColor: #dc74d1
885	\& URxvt.background: #0e0e0e
886	\& URxvt.foreground: #4ad5e1
887	\& URxvt.color0: #000000
888	\& URxvt.color8: #8b8f93
889	\& URxvt.color1: #dc74d1
890	\& URxvt.color9: #dc74d1
891	\& URxvt.color2: #0eb8c7
892	\& URxvt.color10: #0eb8c7
893	\& URxvt.color3: #dfe37e
894	\& URxvt.color11: #dfe37e
895	\& URxvt.color5: #9e88f0
896	\& URxvt.color13: #9e88f0
897	\& URxvt.color6: #73f7ff
898	\& URxvt.color14: #73f7ff
899	\& URxvt.color7: #e1dddd
900	\& URxvt.color15: #e1dddd
901	.Ve
902	.IP "How can I start @@RXVT_NAME@@d in a race-free way?" 4
903	.IX Item "How can I start @@RXVT_NAME@@d in a race-free way?"
904	Try \f(CW\*(C`@@RXVT_NAME@@d \-f \-o\*(C'\fR, which tells @@RXVT_NAME@@d to open the
905	display, create the listening socket and then fork.
906	.IP "What's with the strange Backspace/Delete key behaviour?" 4
907	.IX Item "What's with the strange Backspace/Delete key behaviour?"
908	Assuming that the physical Backspace key corresponds to the
909	BackSpace keysym (not likely for Linux ... see the following
910	question) there are two standard values that can be used for
911	Backspace: \f(CW\*(C`^H\*(C'\fR and \f(CW\*(C`^?\*(C'\fR.
912	.Sp
913	Historically, either value is correct, but rxvt-unicode adopts the debian
914	policy of using \f(CW\*(C`^?\*(C'\fR when unsure, because it's the one only only correct
915	choice :).
916	.Sp
917	Rxvt-unicode tries to inherit the current stty settings and uses the value
918	of `erase' to guess the value for backspace. If rxvt-unicode wasn't
919	started from a terminal (say, from a menu or by remote shell), then the
920	system value of `erase', which corresponds to \s-1CERASE\s0 in <termios.h>, will
921	be used (which may not be the same as your stty setting).
922	.Sp
923	For starting a new rxvt\-unicode:
924	.Sp
925	.Vb 3
926	\& # use Backspace = ^H
927	\& $ stty erase ^H
928	\& $ @@RXVT_NAME@@
929	.Ve
930	.Sp
931	.Vb 3
932	\& # use Backspace = ^?
933	\& $ stty erase ^?
934	\& $ @@RXVT_NAME@@
935	.Ve
936	.Sp
937	Toggle with \f(CW\*(C`ESC [ 36 h\*(C'\fR / \f(CW\*(C`ESC [ 36 l\*(C'\fR.
938	.Sp
939	For an existing rxvt\-unicode:
940	.Sp
941	.Vb 3
942	\& # use Backspace = ^H
943	\& $ stty erase ^H
944	\& $ echo -n "^[[36h"
945	.Ve
946	.Sp
947	.Vb 3
948	\& # use Backspace = ^?
949	\& $ stty erase ^?
950	\& $ echo -n "^[[36l"
951	.Ve
952	.Sp
953	This helps satisfy some of the Backspace discrepancies that occur, but
954	if you use Backspace = \f(CW\*(C`^H\*(C'\fR, make sure that the termcap/terminfo value
955	properly reflects that.
956	.Sp
957	The Delete key is a another casualty of the ill-defined Backspace problem.
958	To avoid confusion between the Backspace and Delete keys, the Delete
959	key has been assigned an escape sequence to match the vt100 for Execute
960	(\f(CW\*(C`ESC [ 3 ~\*(C'\fR) and is in the supplied termcap/terminfo.
961	.Sp
962	Some other Backspace problems:
963	.Sp
964	some editors use termcap/terminfo,
965	some editors (vim I'm told) expect Backspace = ^H,
966	\&\s-1GNU\s0 Emacs (and Emacs-like editors) use ^H for help.
967	.Sp
968	Perhaps someday this will all be resolved in a consistent manner.
969	.IP "I don't like the key\-bindings. How do I change them?" 4
970	.IX Item "I don't like the key-bindings. How do I change them?"
971	There are some compile-time selections available via configure. Unless
972	you have run \*(L"configure\*(R" with the \f(CW\*(C`\-\-disable\-resources\*(C'\fR option you can
973	use the `keysym' resource to alter the keystrings associated with keysyms.
974	.Sp
975	Here's an example for a URxvt session started using \f(CW\*(C`@@RXVT_NAME@@ \-name URxvt\*(C'\fR
976	.Sp
977	.Vb 20
978	\& URxvt.keysym.Home: \e033[1~
979	\& URxvt.keysym.End: \e033[4~
980	\& URxvt.keysym.C-apostrophe: \e033<C-'>
981	\& URxvt.keysym.C-slash: \e033<C-/>
982	\& URxvt.keysym.C-semicolon: \e033<C-;>
983	\& URxvt.keysym.C-grave: \e033<C-`>
984	\& URxvt.keysym.C-comma: \e033<C-,>
985	\& URxvt.keysym.C-period: \e033<C-.>
986	\& URxvt.keysym.C-0x60: \e033<C-`>
987	\& URxvt.keysym.C-Tab: \e033<C-Tab>
988	\& URxvt.keysym.C-Return: \e033<C-Return>
989	\& URxvt.keysym.S-Return: \e033<S-Return>
990	\& URxvt.keysym.S-space: \e033<S-Space>
991	\& URxvt.keysym.M-Up: \e033<M-Up>
992	\& URxvt.keysym.M-Down: \e033<M-Down>
993	\& URxvt.keysym.M-Left: \e033<M-Left>
994	\& URxvt.keysym.M-Right: \e033<M-Right>
995	\& URxvt.keysym.M-C-0: list \e033<M-C- 0123456789 >
996	\& URxvt.keysym.M-C-a: list \e033<M-C- abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz >
997	\& URxvt.keysym.F12: command:\e033]701;zh_CN.GBK\e007
998	.Ve
999	.Sp
1000	See some more examples in the documentation for the \fBkeysym\fR resource.
1001	.IP "I'm using keyboard model \s-1XXX\s0 that has extra Prior/Next/Insert keys. How do I make use of them? For example, the Sun Keyboard type 4 has the following mappings that rxvt-unicode doesn't recognize." 4
1002	.IX Item "I'm using keyboard model XXX that has extra Prior/Next/Insert keys. How do I make use of them? For example, the Sun Keyboard type 4 has the following mappings that rxvt-unicode doesn't recognize."
1003	.Vb 6
1004	\& KP_Insert == Insert
1005	\& F22 == Print
1006	\& F27 == Home
1007	\& F29 == Prior
1008	\& F33 == End
1009	\& F35 == Next
1010	.Ve
1011	.Sp
1012	Rather than have rxvt-unicode try to accommodate all the various possible
1013	keyboard mappings, it is better to use `xmodmap' to remap the keys as
1014	required for your particular machine.
1015	.IP "How do I distinguish wether I'm running rxvt-unicode or a regular xterm? I need this to decide about setting colors etc." 4
1016	.IX Item "How do I distinguish wether I'm running rxvt-unicode or a regular xterm? I need this to decide about setting colors etc."
1017	rxvt and rxvt-unicode always export the variable \*(L"\s-1COLORTERM\s0\*(R", so you can
1018	check and see if that is set. Note that several programs, \s-1JED\s0, slrn,
1019	Midnight Commander automatically check this variable to decide whether or
1020	not to use color.
1021	.IP "How do I set the correct, full \s-1IP\s0 address for the \s-1DISPLAY\s0 variable?" 4
1022	.IX Item "How do I set the correct, full IP address for the DISPLAY variable?"
1023	If you've compiled rxvt-unicode with \s-1DISPLAY_IS_IP\s0 and have enabled
1024	insecure mode then it is possible to use the following shell script
1025	snippets to correctly set the display. If your version of rxvt-unicode
1026	wasn't also compiled with \s-1ESCZ_ANSWER\s0 (as assumed in these snippets) then
1027	the \s-1COLORTERM\s0 variable can be used to distinguish rxvt-unicode from a
1028	regular xterm.
1029	.Sp
1030	Courtesy of Chuck Blake <cblake@BBN.COM> with the following shell script
1031	snippets:
1032	.Sp
1033	.Vb 12
1034	\& # Bourne/Korn/POSIX family of shells:
1035	\& [ ${TERM:-foo} = foo ] && TERM=xterm # assume an xterm if we don't know
1036	\& if [ ${TERM:-foo} = xterm ]; then
1037	\& stty -icanon -echo min 0 time 15 # see if enhanced rxvt or not
1038	\& echo -n '^[Z'
1039	\& read term_id
1040	\& stty icanon echo
1041	\& if [ ""${term_id} = '^[[?1;2C' -a ${DISPLAY:-foo} = foo ]; then
1042	\& echo -n '^[[7n' # query the rxvt we are in for the DISPLAY string
1043	\& read DISPLAY # set it in our local shell
1044	\& fi
1045	\& fi
1046	.Ve
1047	.IP "How do I compile the manual pages for myself?" 4
1048	.IX Item "How do I compile the manual pages for myself?"
1049	You need to have a recent version of perl installed as \fI/usr/bin/perl\fR,
1050	one that comes with \fIpod2man\fR, \fIpod2text\fR and \fIpod2html\fR. Then go to
1051	the doc subdirectory and enter \f(CW\*(C`make alldoc\*(C'\fR.
1052	.IP "My question isn't answered here, can I ask a human?" 4
1053	.IX Item "My question isn't answered here, can I ask a human?"
1054	Before sending me mail, you could go to \s-1IRC:\s0 \f(CW\*(C`irc.freenode.net\*(C'\fR,
1055	channel \f(CW\*(C`#rxvt\-unicode\*(C'\fR has some rxvt-unicode enthusiasts that might be
1056	interested in learning about new and exciting problems (but not FAQs :).
1057	.SH "RXVT TECHNICAL REFERENCE"	1290	.SH "RXVT-UNICODE TECHNICAL REFERENCE"
1058	.IX Header "RXVT TECHNICAL REFERENCE"	1291	.IX Header "RXVT-UNICODE TECHNICAL REFERENCE"
1059	.SH "DESCRIPTION"
1060	.IX Header "DESCRIPTION"
1061	The rest of this document describes various technical aspects of	1292	The rest of this document describes various technical aspects of
1062	\&\fBrxvt-unicode\fR. First the description of supported command sequences,	1293	\&\fBrxvt-unicode\fR. First the description of supported command sequences,
1063	followed by menu and pixmap support and last by a description of all	1294	followed by pixmap support and last by a description of all features
1064	features selectable at \f(CW\*(C`configure\*(C'\fR time.	1295	selectable at \f(CW\*(C`configure\*(C'\fR time.
1065	.SH "Definitions"	1296	.Sh "Definitions"
1066	.IX Header "Definitions"	1297	.IX Subsection "Definitions"
1067	.ie n .IP "\fB\fB""c""\fB\fR" 4	1298	.ie n .IP "\fB\fB""c""\fB\fR" 4
1068	.el .IP "\fB\f(CBc\fB\fR" 4	1299	.el .IP "\fB\f(CBc\fB\fR" 4
1069	.IX Item "c"	1300	.IX Item "c"
1070	The literal character c.	1301	The literal character c.
1071	.ie n .IP "\fB\fB""C""\fB\fR" 4	1302	.ie n .IP "\fB\fB""C""\fB\fR" 4
…		…
1084	parameters, separated by \f(CW\*(C`;\*(C'\fR character(s).	1315	parameters, separated by \f(CW\*(C`;\*(C'\fR character(s).
1085	.ie n .IP "\fB\fB""Pt""\fB\fR" 4	1316	.ie n .IP "\fB\fB""Pt""\fB\fR" 4
1086	.el .IP "\fB\f(CBPt\fB\fR" 4	1317	.el .IP "\fB\f(CBPt\fB\fR" 4
1087	.IX Item "Pt"	1318	.IX Item "Pt"
1088	A text parameter composed of printable characters.	1319	A text parameter composed of printable characters.
1089	.SH "Values"	1320	.Sh "Values"
1090	.IX Header "Values"	1321	.IX Subsection "Values"
1091	.ie n .IP "\fB\fB""ENQ""\fB\fR" 4	1322	.ie n .IP "\fB\fB""ENQ""\fB\fR" 4
1092	.el .IP "\fB\f(CBENQ\fB\fR" 4	1323	.el .IP "\fB\f(CBENQ\fB\fR" 4
1093	.IX Item "ENQ"	1324	.IX Item "ENQ"
1094	Enquiry (Ctrl\-E) = Send Device Attributes (\s-1DA\s0)	1325	Enquiry (Ctrl\-E) = Send Device Attributes (\s-1DA\s0)
1095	request attributes from terminal. See \fB\f(CB\*(C`ESC [ Ps c\*(C'\fB\fR.	1326	request attributes from terminal. See \fB\f(CB\*(C`ESC [ Ps c\*(C'\fB\fR.
…		…
1133	Switch to Standard Character Set	1364	Switch to Standard Character Set
1134	.ie n .IP "\fB\fB""SPC""\fB\fR" 4	1365	.ie n .IP "\fB\fB""SPC""\fB\fR" 4
1135	.el .IP "\fB\f(CBSPC\fB\fR" 4	1366	.el .IP "\fB\f(CBSPC\fB\fR" 4
1136	.IX Item "SPC"	1367	.IX Item "SPC"
1137	Space Character	1368	Space Character
1138	.SH "Escape Sequences"	1369	.Sh "Escape Sequences"
1139	.IX Header "Escape Sequences"	1370	.IX Subsection "Escape Sequences"
1140	.ie n .IP "\fB\fB""ESC # 8""\fB\fR" 4	1371	.ie n .IP "\fB\fB""ESC # 8""\fB\fR" 4
1141	.el .IP "\fB\f(CBESC # 8\fB\fR" 4	1372	.el .IP "\fB\f(CBESC # 8\fB\fR" 4
1142	.IX Item "ESC # 8"	1373	.IX Item "ESC # 8"
1143	\&\s-1DEC\s0 Screen Alignment Test (\s-1DECALN\s0)	1374	\&\s-1DEC\s0 Screen Alignment Test (\s-1DECALN\s0)
1144	.ie n .IP "\fB\fB""ESC 7""\fB\fR" 4	1375	.ie n .IP "\fB\fB""ESC 7""\fB\fR" 4
…		…
1237	.TE	1468	.TE
1238		1469
1239	.PP	1470	.PP
1240		1471
1241	.IX Xref "CSI"	1472	.IX Xref "CSI"
1242	.SH "CSI (Command Sequence Introducer) Sequences"	1473	.Sh "\s-1CSI\s0 (Command Sequence Introducer) Sequences"
1243	.IX Header "CSI (Command Sequence Introducer) Sequences"	1474	.IX Subsection "CSI (Command Sequence Introducer) Sequences"
1244	.ie n .IP "\fB\fB""ESC [ Ps @""\fB\fR" 4	1475	.ie n .IP "\fB\fB""ESC [ Ps @""\fB\fR" 4
1245	.el .IP "\fB\f(CBESC [ Ps @\fB\fR" 4	1476	.el .IP "\fB\f(CBESC [ Ps @\fB\fR" 4
1246	.IX Item "ESC [ Ps @"	1477	.IX Item "ESC [ Ps @"
1247	Insert \fB\f(CB\*(C`Ps\*(C'\fB\fR (Blank) Character(s) [default: 1] (\s-1ICH\s0)	1478	Insert \fB\f(CB\*(C`Ps\*(C'\fB\fR (Blank) Character(s) [default: 1] (\s-1ICH\s0)
1248	.IX Xref "ESCOBPsA"	1479	.IX Xref "ESCOBPsA"
…		…
1511	.IX Item "ESC [ Ps x"	1742	.IX Item "ESC [ Ps x"
1512	Request Terminal Parameters (\s-1DECREQTPARM\s0)	1743	Request Terminal Parameters (\s-1DECREQTPARM\s0)
1513	.PP	1744	.PP
1514		1745
1515	.IX Xref "PrivateModes"	1746	.IX Xref "PrivateModes"
1516	.SH "DEC Private Modes"	1747	.Sh "\s-1DEC\s0 Private Modes"
1517	.IX Header "DEC Private Modes"	1748	.IX Subsection "DEC Private Modes"
1518	.ie n .IP "\fB\fB""ESC [ ? Pm h""\fB\fR" 4	1749	.ie n .IP "\fB\fB""ESC [ ? Pm h""\fB\fR" 4
1519	.el .IP "\fB\f(CBESC [ ? Pm h\fB\fR" 4	1750	.el .IP "\fB\f(CBESC [ ? Pm h\fB\fR" 4
1520	.IX Item "ESC [ ? Pm h"	1751	.IX Item "ESC [ ? Pm h"
1521	\&\s-1DEC\s0 Private Mode Set (\s-1DECSET\s0)	1752	\&\s-1DEC\s0 Private Mode Set (\s-1DECSET\s0)
1522	.ie n .IP "\fB\fB""ESC [ ? Pm l""\fB\fR" 4	1753	.ie n .IP "\fB\fB""ESC [ ? Pm l""\fB\fR" 4
…		…
1789	.RE	2020	.RE
1790	.PD	2021	.PD
1791	.PP	2022	.PP
1792		2023
1793	.IX Xref "XTerm"	2024	.IX Xref "XTerm"
1794	.SH "XTerm Operating System Commands"	2025	.Sh "XTerm Operating System Commands"
1795	.IX Header "XTerm Operating System Commands"	2026	.IX Subsection "XTerm Operating System Commands"
1796	.ie n .IP "\fB\fB""ESC ] Ps;Pt ST""\fB\fR" 4	2027	.ie n .IP "\fB\fB""ESC ] Ps;Pt ST""\fB\fR" 4
1797	.el .IP "\fB\f(CBESC ] Ps;Pt ST\fB\fR" 4	2028	.el .IP "\fB\f(CBESC ] Ps;Pt ST\fB\fR" 4
1798	.IX Item "ESC ] Ps;Pt ST"	2029	.IX Item "ESC ] Ps;Pt ST"
1799	Set XTerm Parameters. 8\-bit \s-1ST:\s0 0x9c, 7\-bit \s-1ST\s0 sequence: \s-1ESC\s0 \e (0x1b,	2030	Set XTerm Parameters. 8\-bit \s-1ST:\s0 0x9c, 7\-bit \s-1ST\s0 sequence: \s-1ESC\s0 \e (0x1b,
1800	0x5c), backwards compatible terminator \s-1BEL\s0 (0x07) is also accepted. any	2031	0x5c), backwards compatible terminator \s-1BEL\s0 (0x07) is also accepted. any
…		…
1811	Ps = 12 Change colour of text cursor foreground to Pt	2042	Ps = 12 Change colour of text cursor foreground to Pt
1812	Ps = 13 Change colour of mouse foreground to Pt	2043	Ps = 13 Change colour of mouse foreground to Pt
1813	Ps = 17 Change colour of highlight characters to Pt	2044	Ps = 17 Change colour of highlight characters to Pt
1814	Ps = 18 Change colour of bold characters to Pt [deprecated, see 706]	2045	Ps = 18 Change colour of bold characters to Pt [deprecated, see 706]
1815	Ps = 19 Change colour of underlined characters to Pt [deprecated, see 707]	2046	Ps = 19 Change colour of underlined characters to Pt [deprecated, see 707]
1816	Ps = 20 Change default background to Pt	2047	Ps = 20 Change background pixmap parameters (see section XPM) (Compile XPM).
1817	Ps = 39 Change default foreground colour to Pt.	2048	Ps = 39 Change default foreground colour to Pt.
1818	Ps = 46 Change Log File to Pt unimplemented	2049	Ps = 46 Change Log File to Pt unimplemented
1819	Ps = 49 Change default background colour to Pt.	2050	Ps = 49 Change default background colour to Pt.
1820	Ps = 50 Set fontset to Pt, with the following special values of Pt (rxvt) #+n change up n #-n change down n if n is missing of 0, a value of 1 is used empty change to font0 n change to font n	2051	Ps = 50 Set fontset to Pt, with the following special values of Pt (rxvt) #+n change up n #-n change down n if n is missing of 0, a value of 1 is used empty change to font0 n change to font n
1821	Ps = 55 Log all scrollback buffer and all of screen to Pt	2052	Ps = 55 Log all scrollback buffer and all of screen to Pt
1822	Ps = 701 Change current locale to Pt, or, if Pt is ?, return the current locale (Compile frills).	2053	Ps = 701 Change current locale to Pt, or, if Pt is ?, return the current locale (Compile frills).
		2054	Ps = 702 Request version if Pt is ?, returning rxvt-unicode, the resource name, the major and minor version numbers, e.g. ESC ] 702 ; rxvt-unicode ; urxvt ; 7 ; 4 ST.
1823	Ps = 704 Change colour of italic characters to Pt	2055	Ps = 704 Change colour of italic characters to Pt
1824	Ps = 705 Change background pixmap tint colour to Pt (Compile transparency).	2056	Ps = 705 Change background pixmap tint colour to Pt (Compile transparency).
1825	Ps = 706 Change colour of bold characters to Pt	2057	Ps = 706 Change colour of bold characters to Pt
1826	Ps = 707 Change colour of underlined characters to Pt	2058	Ps = 707 Change colour of underlined characters to Pt
1827	Ps = 710 Set normal fontset to Pt. Same as Ps = 50.	2059	Ps = 710 Set normal fontset to Pt. Same as Ps = 50.
…		…
1831	Ps = 720 Move viewing window up by Pt lines, or clear scrollback buffer if Pt = 0 (Compile frills).	2063	Ps = 720 Move viewing window up by Pt lines, or clear scrollback buffer if Pt = 0 (Compile frills).
1832	Ps = 721 Move viewing window down by Pt lines, or clear scrollback buffer if Pt = 0 (Compile frills).	2064	Ps = 721 Move viewing window down by Pt lines, or clear scrollback buffer if Pt = 0 (Compile frills).
1833	Ps = 777 Call the perl extension with the given string, which should be of the form extension:parameters (Compile perl).	2065	Ps = 777 Call the perl extension with the given string, which should be of the form extension:parameters (Compile perl).
1834	.TE	2066	.TE
1835		2067
1836	.PP
1837
1838	.IX Xref "XPM"
1839	.SH "XPM"	2068	.SH "XPM"
1840	.IX Header "XPM"	2069	.IX Header "XPM"
1841	For the \s-1XPM\s0 XTerm escape sequence \fB\f(CB\*(C`ESC ] 20 ; Pt ST\*(C'\fB\fR then value	2070	For the \s-1XPM\s0 XTerm escape sequence \fB\f(CB\*(C`ESC ] 20 ; Pt ST\*(C'\fB\fR then value
1842	of \fB\f(CB\*(C`Pt\*(C'\fB\fR can be the name of the background pixmap followed by a	2071	of \fB\f(CB\*(C`Pt\*(C'\fB\fR can be the name of the background pixmap followed by a
1843	sequence of scaling/positioning commands separated by semi\-colons. The	2072	sequence of scaling/positioning commands separated by semi\-colons. The
…		…
1913	.TS	2142	.TS
1914	l l .	2143	l l .
1915	4 Shift	2144	4 Shift
1916	8 Meta	2145	8 Meta
1917	16 Control	2146	16 Control
1918	32 Double Click (Rxvt extension)	2147	32 Double Click (rxvt extension)
1919	.TE	2148	.TE
1920		2149
1921	Col = \fB\f(CB\*(C`<x> \- SPACE\*(C'\fB\fR	2150	Col = \fB\f(CB\*(C`<x> \- SPACE\*(C'\fB\fR
1922	.Sp	2151	.Sp
1923	Row = \fB\f(CB\*(C`<y> \- SPACE\*(C'\fB\fR	2152	Row = \fB\f(CB\*(C`<y> \- SPACE\*(C'\fB\fR
…		…
2045	Add support for \s-1XIM\s0 (X Input Method) protocol. This allows using	2274	Add support for \s-1XIM\s0 (X Input Method) protocol. This allows using
2046	alternative input methods (e.g. kinput2) and will also correctly	2275	alternative input methods (e.g. kinput2) and will also correctly
2047	set up the input for people using dead keys or compose keys.	2276	set up the input for people using dead keys or compose keys.
2048	.IP "\-\-enable\-unicode3 (default: off)" 4	2277	.IP "\-\-enable\-unicode3 (default: off)" 4
2049	.IX Item "--enable-unicode3 (default: off)"	2278	.IX Item "--enable-unicode3 (default: off)"
		2279	Recommended to stay off unless you really need non-BMP characters.
		2280	.Sp
2050	Enable direct support for displaying unicode codepoints above	2281	Enable direct support for displaying unicode codepoints above
2051	65535 (the basic multilingual page). This increases storage	2282	65535 (the basic multilingual page). This increases storage
2052	requirements per character from 2 to 4 bytes. X11 fonts do not yet	2283	requirements per character from 2 to 4 bytes. X11 fonts do not yet
2053	support these extra characters, but Xft does.	2284	support these extra characters, but Xft does.
2054	.Sp	2285	.Sp
…		…
2063	composite characters. This is required for proper viewing of text	2294	composite characters. This is required for proper viewing of text
2064	where accents are encoded as seperate unicode characters. This is	2295	where accents are encoded as seperate unicode characters. This is
2065	done by using precomposited characters when available or creating	2296	done by using precomposited characters when available or creating
2066	new pseudo-characters when no precomposed form exists.	2297	new pseudo-characters when no precomposed form exists.
2067	.Sp	2298	.Sp
2068	Without \-\-enable\-unicode3, the number of additional precomposed characters	2299	Without \-\-enable\-unicode3, the number of additional precomposed
2069	is rather limited (2048, if this is full, rxvt-unicode will use the	2300	characters is somewhat limited (the 6400 private use characters will be
2070	private use area, extending the number of combinations to 8448). With
2071	\&\-\-enable\-unicode3, no practical limit exists.	2301	(ab\-)used). With \-\-enable\-unicode3, no practical limit exists.
2072	.Sp	2302	.Sp
2073	This option will also enable storage (but not display) of characters	2303	This option will also enable storage (but not display) of characters
2074	beyond plane 0 (>65535) when \-\-enable\-unicode3 was not specified.	2304	beyond plane 0 (>65535) when \-\-enable\-unicode3 was not specified.
2075	.Sp	2305	.Sp
2076	The combining table also contains entries for arabic presentation forms,	2306	The combining table also contains entries for arabic presentation forms,
2077	but these are not currently used. Bug me if you want these to be used (and	2307	but these are not currently used. Bug me if you want these to be used (and
2078	tell me how these are to be used...).	2308	tell me how these are to be used...).
2079	.IP "\-\-enable\-fallback(=CLASS) (default: Rxvt)" 4	2309	.IP "\-\-enable\-fallback(=CLASS) (default: Rxvt)" 4
2080	.IX Item "--enable-fallback(=CLASS) (default: Rxvt)"	2310	.IX Item "--enable-fallback(=CLASS) (default: Rxvt)"
2081	When reading resource settings, also read settings for class \s-1CLASS\s0. To disable resource fallback use \-\-disable\-fallback.	2311	When reading resource settings, also read settings for class \s-1CLASS\s0. To
		2312	disable resource fallback use \-\-disable\-fallback.
2082	.IP "\-\-with\-res\-name=NAME (default: urxvt)" 4	2313	.IP "\-\-with\-res\-name=NAME (default: urxvt)" 4
2083	.IX Item "--with-res-name=NAME (default: urxvt)"	2314	.IX Item "--with-res-name=NAME (default: urxvt)"
2084	Use the given name as default application name when	2315	Use the given name as default application name when
2085	reading resources. Specify \-\-with\-res\-name=rxvt to replace rxvt.	2316	reading resources. Specify \-\-with\-res\-name=rxvt to replace rxvt.
2086	.IP "\-\-with\-res\-class=CLASS /default: URxvt)" 4	2317	.IP "\-\-with\-res\-class=CLASS /default: URxvt)" 4
…		…
2127	.IP "\-\-enable\-plain\-scroll (default: on)" 4	2358	.IP "\-\-enable\-plain\-scroll (default: on)" 4
2128	.IX Item "--enable-plain-scroll (default: on)"	2359	.IX Item "--enable-plain-scroll (default: on)"
2129	Add support for a very unobtrusive, plain-looking scrollbar that	2360	Add support for a very unobtrusive, plain-looking scrollbar that
2130	is the favourite of the rxvt-unicode author, having used it for	2361	is the favourite of the rxvt-unicode author, having used it for
2131	many years.	2362	many years.
2132	.IP "\-\-enable\-half\-shadow (default: off)" 4
2133	.IX Item "--enable-half-shadow (default: off)"
2134	Make shadows on the scrollbar only half the normal width & height.
2135	only applicable to rxvt scrollbars.
2136	.IP "\-\-enable\-ttygid (default: off)" 4	2363	.IP "\-\-enable\-ttygid (default: off)" 4
2137	.IX Item "--enable-ttygid (default: off)"	2364	.IX Item "--enable-ttygid (default: off)"
2138	Change tty device setting to group \*(L"tty\*(R" \- only use this if	2365	Change tty device setting to group \*(L"tty\*(R" \- only use this if
2139	your system uses this type of security.	2366	your system uses this type of security.
2140	.IP "\-\-disable\-backspace\-key" 4	2367	.IP "\-\-disable\-backspace\-key" 4
…		…
2157	disable this.	2384	disable this.
2158	.Sp	2385	.Sp
2159	A non-exhaustive list of features enabled by \f(CW\*(C`\-\-enable\-frills\*(C'\fR (possibly	2386	A non-exhaustive list of features enabled by \f(CW\*(C`\-\-enable\-frills\*(C'\fR (possibly
2160	in combination with other switches) is:	2387	in combination with other switches) is:
2161	.Sp	2388	.Sp
2162	.Vb 17	2389	.Vb 15
2163	\& MWM-hints	2390	\& MWM-hints
2164	\& EWMH-hints (pid, utf8 names) and protocols (ping)	2391	\& EWMH-hints (pid, utf8 names) and protocols (ping)
2165	\& seperate underline colour (-underlineColor)	2392	\& seperate underline colour (-underlineColor)
2166	\& settable border widths and borderless switch (-w, -b, -bl)	2393	\& settable border widths and borderless switch (-w, -b, -bl)
		2394	\& visual depth selection (-depth)
2167	\& settable extra linespacing /-lsp)	2395	\& settable extra linespacing /-lsp)
2168	\& iso-14755-2 and -3, and visual feedback	2396	\& iso-14755-2 and -3, and visual feedback
2169	\& backindex and forwardindex escape sequence
2170	\& window op and some xterm/OSC escape sequences
2171	\& tripleclickwords (-tcw)	2397	\& tripleclickwords (-tcw)
2172	\& settable insecure mode (-insecure)	2398	\& settable insecure mode (-insecure)
2173	\& keysym remapping support	2399	\& keysym remapping support
2174	\& cursor blinking and underline cursor (-cb, -uc)	2400	\& cursor blinking and underline cursor (-cb, -uc)
2175	\& XEmbed support (-embed)	2401	\& XEmbed support (-embed)
2176	\& user-pty (-pty-fd)	2402	\& user-pty (-pty-fd)
2177	\& hold on exit (-hold)	2403	\& hold on exit (-hold)
2178	\& skip builtin block graphics (-sbg)	2404	\& skip builtin block graphics (-sbg)
		2405	.Ve
		2406	.Sp
		2407	It also enabled some non-essential features otherwise disabled, such as:
		2408	.Sp
		2409	.Vb 11
		2410	\& some round-trip time optimisations
		2411	\& nearest color allocation on pseudocolor screens
		2412	\& UTF8_STRING supporr for selection
2179	\& sgr modes 90..97 and 100..107	2413	\& sgr modes 90..97 and 100..107
		2414	\& backindex and forwardindex escape sequences
		2415	\& view change/zero scorllback esacpe sequences
		2416	\& locale switching escape sequence
		2417	\& window op and some xterm/OSC escape sequences
		2418	\& rectangular selections
		2419	\& trailing space removal for selections
		2420	\& verbose X error handling
2180	.Ve	2421	.Ve
2181	.IP "\-\-enable\-iso14755 (default: on)" 4	2422	.IP "\-\-enable\-iso14755 (default: on)" 4
2182	.IX Item "--enable-iso14755 (default: on)"	2423	.IX Item "--enable-iso14755 (default: on)"
2183	Enable extended \s-1ISO\s0 14755 support (see @@RXVT_NAME@@(1), or	2424	Enable extended \s-1ISO\s0 14755 support (see @@RXVT_NAME@@(1), or
2184	\&\fIdoc/rxvt.1.txt\fR). Basic support (section 5.1) is enabled by	2425	\&\fIdoc/rxvt.1.txt\fR). Basic support (section 5.1) is enabled by
…		…
2218	keys. This should keep the window corner which is closest to a corner of	2459	keys. This should keep the window corner which is closest to a corner of
2219	the screen in a fixed position.	2460	the screen in a fixed position.
2220	.IP "\-\-enable\-pointer\-blank (default: on)" 4	2461	.IP "\-\-enable\-pointer\-blank (default: on)" 4
2221	.IX Item "--enable-pointer-blank (default: on)"	2462	.IX Item "--enable-pointer-blank (default: on)"
2222	Add support to have the pointer disappear when typing or inactive.	2463	Add support to have the pointer disappear when typing or inactive.
2223	.IP "\-\-enable\-perl (default: off)" 4	2464	.IP "\-\-enable\-perl (default: on)" 4
2224	.IX Item "--enable-perl (default: off)"	2465	.IX Item "--enable-perl (default: on)"
2225	Enable an embedded perl interpreter. See the \fB@@RXVT_NAME@@\f(BIperl\fB\|(3)\fR	2466	Enable an embedded perl interpreter. See the \fB@@RXVT_NAME@@\f(BIperl\fB\|(3)\fR
2226	manpage (\fIdoc/rxvtperl.txt\fR) for more info on this feature, or the files	2467	manpage (\fIdoc/rxvtperl.txt\fR) for more info on this feature, or the files
2227	in \fIsrc/perl\-ext/\fR for the extensions that are installed by default. The	2468	in \fIsrc/perl\-ext/\fR for the extensions that are installed by default. The
2228	perl interpreter that is used can be specified via the \f(CW\*(C`PERL\*(C'\fR environment	2469	perl interpreter that is used can be specified via the \f(CW\*(C`PERL\*(C'\fR environment
2229	variable when running configure.	2470	variable when running configure.

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