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Revision 1.107 by root, Tue Jan 31 21:04:14 2006 UTC vs.
Revision 1.113 by root, Thu Feb 2 18:04:45 2006 UTC

72 72
73=head3 How can I start @@URXVT_NAME@@d in a race-free way? 73=head3 How can I start @@URXVT_NAME@@d in a race-free way?
74 74
75Try C<@@URXVT_NAME@@d -f -o>, which tells @@URXVT_NAME@@d to open the 75Try C<@@URXVT_NAME@@d -f -o>, which tells @@URXVT_NAME@@d to open the
76display, create the listening socket and then fork. 76display, create the listening socket and then fork.
77
78=head3 How can I start @@URXVT_NAME@@d automatically when I run URXVT_NAME@@c?
79
80If you want to start @@URXVT_NAME@@d automatically whenever you run
81@@URXVT_NAME@@c and the daemon isn't running yet, use this script:
82
83 #!/bin/sh
84 @@URXVT_NAME@@c "$@"
85 if [ $? -eq 2 ]; then
86 @@URXVT_NAME@@d -q -o -f
87 @@URXVT_NAME@@c "$@"
88 fi
89
90This tries to create a new terminal, and if fails with exit status 2,
91meaning it couldn't connect to the daemon, it will start the daemon and
92re-run the command. Subsequent invocations of the script will re-use the
93existing daemon.
77 94
78=head3 How do I distinguish wether I'm running rxvt-unicode or a regular xterm? I need this to decide about setting colors etc. 95=head3 How do I distinguish wether I'm running rxvt-unicode or a regular xterm? I need this to decide about setting colors etc.
79 96
80The original rxvt and rxvt-unicode always export the variable "COLORTERM", 97The original rxvt and rxvt-unicode always export the variable "COLORTERM",
81so you can check and see if that is set. Note that several programs, JED, 98so you can check and see if that is set. Note that several programs, JED,
236 -set _NET_WM_WINDOW_OPACITY 0xc0000000 253 -set _NET_WM_WINDOW_OPACITY 0xc0000000
237 254
238Then click on a window you want to make transparent. Replace C<0xc0000000> 255Then click on a window you want to make transparent. Replace C<0xc0000000>
239by other values to change the degree of opacity. If it doesn't work and 256by other values to change the degree of opacity. If it doesn't work and
240your server crashes, you got to keep the pieces. 257your server crashes, you got to keep the pieces.
241
242=head3 Why do some chinese characters look so different than others?
243
244This is because there is a difference between script and language --
245rxvt-unicode does not know which language the text that is output is,
246as it only knows the unicode character codes. If rxvt-unicode first
247sees a japanese/chinese character, it might choose a japanese font for
248display. Subsequent japanese characters will use that font. Now, many
249chinese characters aren't represented in japanese fonts, so when the first
250non-japanese character comes up, rxvt-unicode will look for a chinese font
251-- unfortunately at this point, it will still use the japanese font for
252chinese characters that are also in the japanese font.
253
254The workaround is easy: just tag a chinese font at the end of your font
255list (see the previous question). The key is to view the font list as
256a preference list: If you expect more japanese, list a japanese font
257first. If you expect more chinese, put a chinese font first.
258
259In the future it might be possible to switch language preferences at
260runtime (the internal data structure has no problem with using different
261fonts for the same character at the same time, but no interface for this
262has been designed yet).
263
264Until then, you might get away with switching fonts at runtime (see L<Can
265I switch the fonts at runtime?> later in this document).
266 258
267=head3 Why does rxvt-unicode sometimes leave pixel droppings? 259=head3 Why does rxvt-unicode sometimes leave pixel droppings?
268 260
269Most fonts were not designed for terminal use, which means that character 261Most fonts were not designed for terminal use, which means that character
270size varies a lot. A font that is otherwise fine for terminal use might 262size varies a lot. A font that is otherwise fine for terminal use might
409 URxvt.color6: #73f7ff 401 URxvt.color6: #73f7ff
410 URxvt.color14: #73f7ff 402 URxvt.color14: #73f7ff
411 URxvt.color7: #e1dddd 403 URxvt.color7: #e1dddd
412 URxvt.color15: #e1dddd 404 URxvt.color15: #e1dddd
413 405
414(They were described (not by me) as "pretty girly"). 406They have been described (not by me) as "pretty girly".
415 407
416=head3 Why do some characters look so much different than others? 408=head3 Why do some characters look so much different than others?
417 409
418See next entry. 410See next entry.
419 411
420=head3 How does rxvt-unicode choose fonts? 412=head3 How does rxvt-unicode choose fonts?
421 413
422Most fonts do not contain the full range of Unicode, which is 414Most fonts do not contain the full range of Unicode, which is
423fine. Chances are that the font you (or the admin/package maintainer of 415fine. Chances are that the font you (or the admin/package maintainer of
424your system/os) have specified does not cover all the characters you want 416your system/os) have specified does not cover all the characters you want
425to display. 417to display.
426 418
427B<rxvt-unicode> makes a best-effort try at finding a replacement 419B<rxvt-unicode> makes a best-effort try at finding a replacement
428font. Often the result is fine, but sometimes the chosen font looks 420font. Often the result is fine, but sometimes the chosen font looks
429bad/ugly/wrong. Some fonts have totally strange characters that don't 421bad/ugly/wrong. Some fonts have totally strange characters that don't
430resemble the correct glyph at all, and rxvt-unicode lacks the artificial 422resemble the correct glyph at all, and rxvt-unicode lacks the artificial
431intelligence to detect that a specific glyph is wrong: it has to believe 423intelligence to detect that a specific glyph is wrong: it has to believe
432the font that the characters it claims to contain indeed look correct. 424the font that the characters it claims to contain indeed look correct.
433 425
434In that case, select a font of your taste and add it to the font list, 426In that case, select a font of your taste and add it to the font list,
435e.g.: 427e.g.:
436 428
437 @@URXVT_NAME@@ -fn basefont,font2,font3... 429 @@URXVT_NAME@@ -fn basefont,font2,font3...
438 430
439When rxvt-unicode sees a character, it will first look at the base 431When rxvt-unicode sees a character, it will first look at the base
440font. If the base font does not contain the character, it will go to the 432font. If the base font does not contain the character, it will go to the
441next font, and so on. Specifying your own fonts will also speed up this 433next font, and so on. Specifying your own fonts will also speed up this
442search and use less resources within rxvt-unicode and the X-server. 434search and use less resources within rxvt-unicode and the X-server.
443 435
444The only limitation is that none of the fonts may be larger than the base 436The only limitation is that none of the fonts may be larger than the base
445font, as the base font defines the terminal character cell size, which 437font, as the base font defines the terminal character cell size, which
446must be the same due to the way terminals work. 438must be the same due to the way terminals work.
447 439
440=head3 Why do some chinese characters look so different than others?
441
442This is because there is a difference between script and language --
443rxvt-unicode does not know which language the text that is output is,
444as it only knows the unicode character codes. If rxvt-unicode first
445sees a japanese/chinese character, it might choose a japanese font for
446display. Subsequent japanese characters will use that font. Now, many
447chinese characters aren't represented in japanese fonts, so when the first
448non-japanese character comes up, rxvt-unicode will look for a chinese font
449-- unfortunately at this point, it will still use the japanese font for
450chinese characters that are also in the japanese font.
451
452The workaround is easy: just tag a chinese font at the end of your font
453list (see the previous question). The key is to view the font list as
454a preference list: If you expect more japanese, list a japanese font
455first. If you expect more chinese, put a chinese font first.
456
457In the future it might be possible to switch language preferences at
458runtime (the internal data structure has no problem with using different
459fonts for the same character at the same time, but no interface for this
460has been designed yet).
461
462Until then, you might get away with switching fonts at runtime (see L<Can
463I switch the fonts at runtime?> later in this document).
448 464
449=head2 Keyboard, Mouse & User Interaction 465=head2 Keyboard, Mouse & User Interaction
450 466
451=head3 The new selection selects pieces that are too big, how can I select single words? 467=head3 The new selection selects pieces that are too big, how can I select single words?
452 468
867 883
868You can also use xterm's C<luit> program, which usually works fine, except 884You can also use xterm's C<luit> program, which usually works fine, except
869for some locales where character width differs between program- and 885for some locales where character width differs between program- and
870rxvt-unicode-locales. 886rxvt-unicode-locales.
871 887
888=head3 I have problems getting my input method working.
889
890Try a search engine, as this is slightly different for every input method server.
891
892Here is a checklist:
893
894=over 4
895
896=item - Make sure your locale I<and> the imLocale are supported on your OS.
897
898Try C<locale -a> or check the documentation for your OS.
899
900=item - Make sure your locale or imLocale matches a locale supported by your XIM.
901
902For example, B<kinput2> does not support UTF-8 locales, you should use
903C<ja_JP.EUC-JP> or equivalent.
904
905=item - Make sure your XIM server is actually running.
906
907=item - Make sure the C<XMODIFIERS> environment variable is set correctly when I<starting> rxvt-unicode.
908
909When you want to use e.g. B<kinput2>, it must be set to
910C<@im=kinput2>. For B<scim>, use C<@im=SCIM>. Youc an see what input
911method servers are running with this command:
912
913 xprop -root XIM_SERVERS
914
915=item
916
917=back
918
872=head3 My input method wants <some encoding> but I want UTF-8, what can I do? 919=head3 My input method wants <some encoding> but I want UTF-8, what can I do?
873 920
874You can specify separate locales for the input method and the rest of the 921You can specify separate locales for the input method and the rest of the
875terminal, using the resource C<imlocale>: 922terminal, using the resource C<imlocale>:
876 923
877 URxvt.imlocale: ja_JP.EUC-JP 924 URxvt.imlocale: ja_JP.EUC-JP
878 925
879Now you can start your terminal with C<LC_CTYPE=ja_JP.UTF-8> and still 926Now you can start your terminal with C<LC_CTYPE=ja_JP.UTF-8> and still
880use your input method. Please note, however, that you will not be able to 927use your input method. Please note, however, that, depending on your Xlib
881input characters outside C<EUC-JP> in a normal way then, as your input 928version, you may not be able to input characters outside C<EUC-JP> in a
882method limits you. 929normal way then, as your input method limits you.
883 930
884=head3 Rxvt-unicode crashes when the X Input Method changes or exits. 931=head3 Rxvt-unicode crashes when the X Input Method changes or exits.
885 932
886Unfortunately, this is unavoidable, as the XIM protocol is racy by 933Unfortunately, this is unavoidable, as the XIM protocol is racy by
887design. Applications can avoid some crashes at the expense of memory 934design. Applications can avoid some crashes at the expense of memory
1006encodings (you might try C<LC_CTYPE=C-UTF-8>), so you are likely limited 1053encodings (you might try C<LC_CTYPE=C-UTF-8>), so you are likely limited
1007to 8-bit encodings. 1054to 8-bit encodings.
1008 1055
1009=head1 RXVT-UNICODE TECHNICAL REFERENCE 1056=head1 RXVT-UNICODE TECHNICAL REFERENCE
1010 1057
1011=head1 DESCRIPTION
1012
1013The rest of this document describes various technical aspects of 1058The rest of this document describes various technical aspects of
1014B<rxvt-unicode>. First the description of supported command sequences, 1059B<rxvt-unicode>. First the description of supported command sequences,
1015followed by pixmap support and last by a description of all features 1060followed by pixmap support and last by a description of all features
1016selectable at C<configure> time. 1061selectable at C<configure> time.
1017 1062
1018=head1 Definitions 1063=head2 Definitions
1019 1064
1020=over 4 1065=over 4
1021 1066
1022=item B<< C<c> >> 1067=item B<< C<c> >>
1023 1068
1041 1086
1042A text parameter composed of printable characters. 1087A text parameter composed of printable characters.
1043 1088
1044=back 1089=back
1045 1090
1046=head1 Values 1091=head2 Values
1047 1092
1048=over 4 1093=over 4
1049 1094
1050=item B<< C<ENQ> >> 1095=item B<< C<ENQ> >>
1051 1096
1094 1139
1095Space Character 1140Space Character
1096 1141
1097=back 1142=back
1098 1143
1099=head1 Escape Sequences 1144=head2 Escape Sequences
1100 1145
1101=over 4 1146=over 4
1102 1147
1103=item B<< C<ESC # 8> >> 1148=item B<< C<ESC # 8> >>
1104 1149
1202 1247
1203=back 1248=back
1204 1249
1205X<CSI> 1250X<CSI>
1206 1251
1207=head1 CSI (Command Sequence Introducer) Sequences 1252=head2 CSI (Command Sequence Introducer) Sequences
1208 1253
1209=over 4 1254=over 4
1210 1255
1211=item B<< C<ESC [ Ps @> >> 1256=item B<< C<ESC [ Ps @> >>
1212 1257
1482 1527
1483=back 1528=back
1484 1529
1485X<PrivateModes> 1530X<PrivateModes>
1486 1531
1487=head1 DEC Private Modes 1532=head2 DEC Private Modes
1488 1533
1489=over 4 1534=over 4
1490 1535
1491=item B<< C<ESC [ ? Pm h> >> 1536=item B<< C<ESC [ ? Pm h> >>
1492 1537
1756 1801
1757=back 1802=back
1758 1803
1759X<XTerm> 1804X<XTerm>
1760 1805
1761=head1 XTerm Operating System Commands 1806=head2 XTerm Operating System Commands
1762 1807
1763=over 4 1808=over 4
1764 1809
1765=item B<< C<ESC ] Ps;Pt ST> >> 1810=item B<< C<ESC ] Ps;Pt ST> >>
1766 1811
1803 B<< C<Ps = 777> >> Call the perl extension with the given string, which should be of the form C<extension:parameters> (Compile perl). 1848 B<< C<Ps = 777> >> Call the perl extension with the given string, which should be of the form C<extension:parameters> (Compile perl).
1804 1849
1805=end table 1850=end table
1806 1851
1807=back 1852=back
1808
1809X<XPM>
1810 1853
1811=head1 XPM 1854=head1 XPM
1812 1855
1813For the XPM XTerm escape sequence B<< C<ESC ] 20 ; Pt ST> >> then value 1856For the XPM XTerm escape sequence B<< C<ESC ] 20 ; Pt ST> >> then value
1814of B<< C<Pt> >> can be the name of the background pixmap followed by a 1857of B<< C<Pt> >> can be the name of the background pixmap followed by a
2250Remove support for mouse selection style like that of xterm. 2293Remove support for mouse selection style like that of xterm.
2251 2294
2252=item --enable-dmalloc (default: off) 2295=item --enable-dmalloc (default: off)
2253 2296
2254Use Gray Watson's malloc - which is good for debugging See 2297Use Gray Watson's malloc - which is good for debugging See
2255http://www.letters.com/dmalloc/ for details If you use either this or the 2298L<http://www.letters.com/dmalloc/> for details If you use either this or the
2256next option, you may need to edit src/Makefile after compiling to point 2299next option, you may need to edit src/Makefile after compiling to point
2257DINCLUDE and DLIB to the right places. 2300DINCLUDE and DLIB to the right places.
2258 2301
2259You can only use either this option and the following (should 2302You can only use either this option and the following (should
2260you use either) . 2303you use either) .

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