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…		…
16	=head1 DESCRIPTION	16	=head1 DESCRIPTION
17		17
18	This document contains the FAQ, the RXVT TECHNICAL REFERENCE documenting	18	This document contains the FAQ, the RXVT TECHNICAL REFERENCE documenting
19	all escape sequences, and other background information.	19	all escape sequences, and other background information.
20		20
21	The newest version of this document is	21	The newest version of this document is also available on the World Wide Web at
22	also available on the World Wide Web at
23	L<http://cvs.schmorp.de/browse/*checkout*/rxvt-unicode/doc/rxvt.7.html>.	22	L<http://cvs.schmorp.de/browse/*checkout*/rxvt-unicode/doc/rxvt.7.html>.
24		23
25	=head1 FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS	24	=head1 RXVT-UNICODE/URXVT FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS
26		25
27	=over 4
28		26
29	=item The new selection selects pieces that are too big, how can I select	27	=head2 Meta, Features & Commandline Issues
30	single words?
31		28
32	Yes. For example, if you want to select alphanumeric words, you can use	29	=head3 My question isn't answered here, can I ask a human?
33	the following resource:
34		30
35	URxvt.selection.pattern-0: ([[:word:]]+)	31	Before sending me mail, you could go to IRC: C<irc.freenode.net>,
		32	channel C<#rxvt-unicode> has some rxvt-unicode enthusiasts that might be
		33	interested in learning about new and exciting problems (but not FAQs :).
36		34
37	If you click more than twice, the selection will be extended	35	=head3 Does it support tabs, can I have a tabbed rxvt-unicode?
38	more and more.
39		36
40	To get a selection that is very similar to the old code, try this pattern:	37	Beginning with version 7.3, there is a perl extension that implements a
		38	simple tabbed terminal. It is installed by default, so any of these should
		39	give you tabs:
41		40
42	URxvt.selection.pattern-0: ([^"&'()*,;<=>?@[\\\\]^`{|})]+)	41	@@URXVT_NAME@@ -pe tabbed
43		42
44	Please also note that the I<LeftClick Shift-LeftClik> combination also	43	URxvt.perl-ext-common: default,tabbed
45	selects words like the old code.
46		44
47	=item I don't like the new selection/popups/hotkeys/perl, how do I	45	It will also work fine with tabbing functionality of many window managers
48	change/disable it?	46	or similar tabbing programs, and its embedding-features allow it to be
		47	embedded into other programs, as witnessed by F<doc/rxvt-tabbed> or
		48	the upcoming C<Gtk2::URxvt> perl module, which features a tabbed urxvt
		49	(murxvt) terminal as an example embedding application.
49		50
50	You can disable the perl extension completely by setting the	51	=head3 How do I know which rxvt-unicode version I'm using?
51	B<perl-ext-common> resource to the empty string, which also keeps
52	rxvt-unicode from initialising perl, saving memory.
53		52
54	If you only want to disable specific features, you first have to	53	The version number is displayed with the usage (-h). Also the escape
55	identify which perl extension is responsible. For this, read the section	54	sequence C<ESC [ 8 n> sets the window title to the version number. When
56	B<PREPACKAGED EXTENSIONS> in the @@RXVT_NAME@@perl(3) manpage. For	55	using the @@URXVT_NAME@@c client, the version displayed is that of the
57	example, to disable the B<selection-popup> and B<option-popup>, specify	56	daemon.
58	this B<perl-ext-common> resource:
59		57
60	URxvt.perl-ext-common: default,-selection-popup,-option-popup	58	=head3 Rxvt-unicode uses gobs of memory, how can I reduce that?
61		59
62	This will keep the default extensions, but disable the two popup	60	Rxvt-unicode tries to obey the rule of not charging you for something you
63	extensions. Some extensions can also be configured, for example,	61	don't use. One thing you should try is to configure out all settings that
64	scrollback search mode is triggered by B<M-s>. You can move it to any	62	you don't need, for example, Xft support is a resource hog by design,
65	other combination either by setting the B<searchable-scrollback> resource:	63	when used. Compiling it out ensures that no Xft font will be loaded
		64	accidentally when rxvt-unicode tries to find a font for your characters.
66		65
67	URxvt.searchable-scrollback: CM-s	66	Also, many people (me included) like large windows and even larger
		67	scrollback buffers: Without C<--enable-unicode3>, rxvt-unicode will use
		68	6 bytes per screen cell. For a 160x?? window this amounts to almost a
		69	kilobyte per line. A scrollback buffer of 10000 lines will then (if full)
		70	use 10 Megabytes of memory. With C<--enable-unicode3> it gets worse, as
		71	rxvt-unicode then uses 8 bytes per screen cell.
68		72
69	=item Why doesn't rxvt-unicode read my resources?	73	=head3 How can I start @@URXVT_NAME@@d in a race-free way?
70		74
71	Well, why, indeed? It does, in a way very similar to other X	75	Try C<@@URXVT_NAME@@d -f -o>, which tells @@URXVT_NAME@@d to open the
72	applications. Most importantly, this means that if you or your OS loads	76	display, create the listening socket and then fork.
73	resources into the X display (the right way to do it), rxvt-unicode will
74	ignore any resource files in your home directory. It will only read
75	F<$HOME/.Xdefaults> when no resources are attached to the display.
76		77
77	If you have or use an F<$HOME/.Xresources> file, chances are that	78	=head3 How can I start @@URXVT_NAME@@d automatically when I run URXVT_NAME@@c?
78	resources are loaded into your X-server. In this case, you have to
79	re-login after every change (or run F<xrdb -merge $HOME/.Xresources>).
80		79
81	Also consider the form resources have to use:	80	If you want to start @@URXVT_NAME@@d automatically whenever you run
		81	@@URXVT_NAME@@c and the daemon isn't running yet, use this script:
82		82
83	URxvt.resource: value	83	#!/bin/sh
		84	@@URXVT_NAME@@c "$@"
		85	if [ $? -eq 2 ]; then
		86	@@URXVT_NAME@@d -q -o -f
		87	@@URXVT_NAME@@c "$@"
		88	fi
84		89
85	If you want to use another form (there are lots of different ways of	90	This tries to create a new terminal, and if fails with exit status 2,
86	specifying resources), make sure you understand wether and why it	91	meaning it couldn't connect to the daemon, it will start the daemon and
87	works. If unsure, use the form above.	92	re-run the command. Subsequent invocations of the script will re-use the
		93	existing daemon.
88		94
89	=item I can't get transparency working, what am I doing wrong?	95	=head3 How do I distinguish wether I'm running rxvt-unicode or a regular xterm? I need this to decide about setting colors etc.
90		96
91	First of all, transparency isn't officially supported in rxvt-unicode, so	97	The original rxvt and rxvt-unicode always export the variable "COLORTERM",
92	you are mostly on your own. Do not bug the author about it (but you may	98	so you can check and see if that is set. Note that several programs, JED,
93	bug everybody else). Also, if you can't get it working consider it a rite	99	slrn, Midnight Commander automatically check this variable to decide
94	of passage, and you failed.	100	whether or not to use color.
95		101
96	Here are three ways to get transparency. B<Do> read the manpage and option	102	=head3 How do I set the correct, full IP address for the DISPLAY variable?
97	descriptions for the programs mentioned and rxvt-unicode. Really, do it!
98		103
99	1. Use inheritPixmap:	104	If you've compiled rxvt-unicode with DISPLAY_IS_IP and have enabled
		105	insecure mode then it is possible to use the following shell script
		106	snippets to correctly set the display. If your version of rxvt-unicode
		107	wasn't also compiled with ESCZ_ANSWER (as assumed in these snippets) then
		108	the COLORTERM variable can be used to distinguish rxvt-unicode from a
		109	regular xterm.
100		110
101	Esetroot wallpaper.jpg	111	Courtesy of Chuck Blake <cblake@BBN.COM> with the following shell script
102	@@RXVT_NAME@@ -ip -tint red -sh 40	112	snippets:
103		113
104	That works. If you think it doesn't, you lack transparency and tinting	114	# Bourne/Korn/POSIX family of shells:
105	support, or you are unable to read.	115	[ ${TERM:-foo} = foo ] && TERM=xterm # assume an xterm if we don't know
		116	if [ ${TERM:-foo} = xterm ]; then
		117	stty -icanon -echo min 0 time 15 # see if enhanced rxvt or not
		118	echo -n '^[Z'
		119	read term_id
		120	stty icanon echo
		121	if [ ""${term_id} = '^[[?1;2C' -a ${DISPLAY:-foo} = foo ]; then
		122	echo -n '^[[7n' # query the rxvt we are in for the DISPLAY string
		123	read DISPLAY # set it in our local shell
		124	fi
		125	fi
106		126
107	2. Use a simple pixmap and emulate pseudo-transparency. This enables you	127	=head3 How do I compile the manual pages on my own?
108	to use effects other than tinting and shading: Just shade/tint/whatever
109	your picture with gimp:
110		128
111	convert wallpaper.jpg -blur 20x20 -modulate 30 background.xpm	129	You need to have a recent version of perl installed as F</usr/bin/perl>,
112	@@RXVT_NAME@@ -pixmap background.xpm -pe automove-background	130	one that comes with F<pod2man>, F<pod2text> and F<pod2html>. Then go to
		131	the doc subdirectory and enter C<make alldoc>.
113		132
114	That works. If you think it doesn't, you lack XPM and Perl support, or you
115	are unable to read.
116
117	3. Use an ARGB visual:
118
119	@@RXVT_NAME@@ -depth 432 -fg grey90 -bg rgba:0000/0000/0000/c000
120
121	This requires XFT support, and support form your X-server. If that doesn't
122	work for you, blame Xorg and Keith Packard. ARGB visuals aren't there yet,
123	no matter what they claim. Rxvt-Unicode contains the neccessary bugfixes
124	and workarounds for Xft and Xlib to make it work.
125
126	=item Isn't rxvt supposed to be small? Don't all those features bloat?	133	=head3 Isn't rxvt-unicode supposed to be small? Don't all those features bloat?
127		134
128	I often get asked about this, and I think, no, they didn't cause extra	135	I often get asked about this, and I think, no, they didn't cause extra
129	bloat. If you compare a minimal rxvt and a minimal urxvt, you can see	136	bloat. If you compare a minimal rxvt and a minimal urxvt, you can see
130	that the urxvt binary is larger (due to some encoding tables always being	137	that the urxvt binary is larger (due to some encoding tables always being
131	compiled in), but it actually uses less memory (RSS) after startup. Even	138	compiled in), but it actually uses less memory (RSS) after startup. Even
…		…
135		142
136	text data bss drs rss filename	143	text data bss drs rss filename
137	98398 1664 24 15695 1824 rxvt --disable-everything	144	98398 1664 24 15695 1824 rxvt --disable-everything
138	188985 9048 66616 18222 1788 urxvt --disable-everything	145	188985 9048 66616 18222 1788 urxvt --disable-everything
139		146
140	When you C<--enable-everything> (which _is_ unfair, as this involves xft	147	When you C<--enable-everything> (which I<is> unfair, as this involves xft
141	and full locale/XIM support which are quite bloaty inside libX11 and my	148	and full locale/XIM support which are quite bloaty inside libX11 and my
142	libc), the two diverge, but not unreasnobaly so.	149	libc), the two diverge, but not unreasnobaly so.
143		150
144	text data bss drs rss filename	151	text data bss drs rss filename
145	163431 2152 24 20123 2060 rxvt --enable-everything	152	163431 2152 24 20123 2060 rxvt --enable-everything
…		…
163	(21152k + extra 4204k in separate processes) or konsole (22200k + extra	170	(21152k + extra 4204k in separate processes) or konsole (22200k + extra
164	43180k in daemons that stay around after exit, plus half a minute of	171	43180k in daemons that stay around after exit, plus half a minute of
165	startup time, including the hundreds of warnings it spits out), it fares	172	startup time, including the hundreds of warnings it spits out), it fares
166	extremely well *g*.	173	extremely well *g*.
167		174
168	=item Why C++, isn't that unportable/bloated/uncool?	175	=head3 Why C++, isn't that unportable/bloated/uncool?
169		176
170	Is this a question? :) It comes up very often. The simple answer is: I had	177	Is this a question? :) It comes up very often. The simple answer is: I had
171	to write it, and C++ allowed me to write and maintain it in a fraction	178	to write it, and C++ allowed me to write and maintain it in a fraction
172	of the time and effort (which is a scarce resource for me). Put even	179	of the time and effort (which is a scarce resource for me). Put even
173	shorter: It simply wouldn't exist without C++.	180	shorter: It simply wouldn't exist without C++.
…		…
197	/lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (0x00002aaaaaaab000)	204	/lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (0x00002aaaaaaab000)
198		205
199	No large bloated libraries (of course, none were linked in statically),	206	No large bloated libraries (of course, none were linked in statically),
200	except maybe libX11 :)	207	except maybe libX11 :)
201		208
202	=item Does it support tabs, can I have a tabbed rxvt-unicode?
203		209
204	Beginning with version 7.3, there is a perl extension that implements a	210	=head2 Rendering, Font & Look and Feel Issues
205	simple tabbed terminal. It is installed by default, so any of these should
206	give you tabs:
207		211
208	@@RXVT_NAME@@ -pe tabbed	212	=head3 I can't get transparency working, what am I doing wrong?
209		213
		214	First of all, transparency isn't officially supported in rxvt-unicode, so
		215	you are mostly on your own. Do not bug the author about it (but you may
		216	bug everybody else). Also, if you can't get it working consider it a rite
		217	of passage: ... and you failed.
		218
		219	Here are four ways to get transparency. B<Do> read the manpage and option
		220	descriptions for the programs mentioned and rxvt-unicode. Really, do it!
		221
		222	1. Use inheritPixmap:
		223
		224	Esetroot wallpaper.jpg
		225	@@URXVT_NAME@@ -ip -tint red -sh 40
		226
		227	That works. If you think it doesn't, you lack transparency and tinting
		228	support, or you are unable to read.
		229
		230	2. Use a simple pixmap and emulate pseudo-transparency. This enables you
		231	to use effects other than tinting and shading: Just shade/tint/whatever
		232	your picture with gimp or any other tool:
		233
		234	convert wallpaper.jpg -blur 20x20 -modulate 30 background.xpm
		235	@@URXVT_NAME@@ -pixmap background.xpm -pe automove-background
		236
		237	That works. If you think it doesn't, you lack XPM and Perl support, or you
		238	are unable to read.
		239
		240	3. Use an ARGB visual:
		241
		242	@@URXVT_NAME@@ -depth 32 -fg grey90 -bg rgba:0000/0000/4444/cccc
		243
		244	This requires XFT support, and the support of your X-server. If that
		245	doesn't work for you, blame Xorg and Keith Packard. ARGB visuals aren't
		246	there yet, no matter what they claim. Rxvt-Unicode contains the neccessary
		247	bugfixes and workarounds for Xft and Xlib to make it work, but that
		248	doesn't mean that your WM has the required kludges in place.
		249
		250	4. Use xcompmgr and let it do the job:
		251
		252	xprop -frame -f _NET_WM_WINDOW_OPACITY 32c \
		253	-set _NET_WM_WINDOW_OPACITY 0xc0000000
		254
		255	Then click on a window you want to make transparent. Replace C<0xc0000000>
		256	by other values to change the degree of opacity. If it doesn't work and
		257	your server crashes, you got to keep the pieces.
		258
		259	=head3 Why does rxvt-unicode sometimes leave pixel droppings?
		260
		261	Most fonts were not designed for terminal use, which means that character
		262	size varies a lot. A font that is otherwise fine for terminal use might
		263	contain some characters that are simply too wide. Rxvt-unicode will avoid
		264	these characters. For characters that are just "a bit" too wide a special
		265	"careful" rendering mode is used that redraws adjacent characters.
		266
		267	All of this requires that fonts do not lie about character sizes,
		268	however: Xft fonts often draw glyphs larger than their acclaimed bounding
		269	box, and rxvt-unicode has no way of detecting this (the correct way is to
		270	ask for the character bounding box, which unfortunately is wrong in these
		271	cases).
		272
		273	It's not clear (to me at least), wether this is a bug in Xft, freetype,
		274	or the respective font. If you encounter this problem you might try using
		275	the C<-lsp> option to give the font more height. If that doesn't work, you
		276	might be forced to use a different font.
		277
		278	All of this is not a problem when using X11 core fonts, as their bounding
		279	box data is correct.
		280
		281	=head3 How can I keep rxvt-unicode from using reverse video so much?
		282
		283	First of all, make sure you are running with the right terminal settings
		284	(C<TERM=rxvt-unicode>), which will get rid of most of these effects. Then
		285	make sure you have specified colours for italic and bold, as otherwise
		286	rxvt-unicode might use reverse video to simulate the effect:
		287
		288	URxvt.colorBD: white
		289	URxvt.colorIT: green
		290
		291	=head3 Some programs assume totally weird colours (red instead of blue), how can I fix that?
		292
		293	For some unexplainable reason, some rare programs assume a very weird
		294	colour palette when confronted with a terminal with more than the standard
		295	8 colours (rxvt-unicode supports 88). The right fix is, of course, to fix
		296	these programs not to assume non-ISO colours without very good reasons.
		297
		298	In the meantime, you can either edit your C<rxvt-unicode> terminfo
		299	definition to only claim 8 colour support or use C<TERM=rxvt>, which will
		300	fix colours but keep you from using other rxvt-unicode features.
		301
		302	=head3 Can I switch the fonts at runtime?
		303
		304	Yes, using an escape sequence. Try something like this, which has the same
		305	effect as using the C<-fn> switch, and takes effect immediately:
		306
		307	printf '\e]50;%s\007' "9x15bold,xft:Kochi Gothic"
		308
		309	This is useful if you e.g. work primarily with japanese (and prefer a
		310	japanese font), but you have to switch to chinese temporarily, where
		311	japanese fonts would only be in your way.
		312
		313	You can think of this as a kind of manual ISO-2022 switching.
		314
		315	=head3 Why do italic characters look as if clipped?
		316
		317	Many fonts have difficulties with italic characters and hinting. For
		318	example, the otherwise very nicely hinted font C<xft:Bitstream Vera Sans
		319	Mono> completely fails in it's italic face. A workaround might be to
		320	enable freetype autohinting, i.e. like this:
		321
		322	URxvt.italicFont: xft:Bitstream Vera Sans Mono:italic:autohint=true
		323	URxvt.boldItalicFont: xft:Bitstream Vera Sans Mono:bold:italic:autohint=true
		324
		325	=head3 Can I speed up Xft rendering somehow?
		326
		327	Yes, the most obvious way to speed it up is to avoid Xft entirely, as
		328	it is simply slow. If you still want Xft fonts you might try to disable
		329	antialiasing (by appending C<:antialias=false>), which saves lots of
		330	memory and also speeds up rendering considerably.
		331
		332	=head3 Rxvt-unicode doesn't seem to anti-alias its fonts, what is wrong?
		333
		334	Rxvt-unicode will use whatever you specify as a font. If it needs to
		335	fall back to it's default font search list it will prefer X11 core
		336	fonts, because they are small and fast, and then use Xft fonts. It has
		337	antialiasing disabled for most of them, because the author thinks they
		338	look best that way.
		339
		340	If you want antialiasing, you have to specify the fonts manually.
		341
		342	=head3 What's with this bold/blink stuff?
		343
		344	If no bold colour is set via C<colorBD:>, bold will invert text using the
		345	standard foreground colour.
		346
		347	For the standard background colour, blinking will actually make the
		348	text blink when compiled with C<--enable-blinking>. with standard
		349	colours. Without C<--enable-blinking>, the blink attribute will be
		350	ignored.
		351
		352	On ANSI colours, bold/blink attributes are used to set high-intensity
		353	foreground/background colors.
		354
		355	color0-7 are the low-intensity colors.
		356
		357	color8-15 are the corresponding high-intensity colors.
		358
		359	=head3 I don't like the screen colors. How do I change them?
		360
		361	You can change the screen colors at run-time using F<~/.Xdefaults>
		362	resources (or as long-options).
		363
		364	Here are values that are supposed to resemble a VGA screen,
		365	including the murky brown that passes for low-intensity yellow:
		366
		367	URxvt.color0: #000000
		368	URxvt.color1: #A80000
		369	URxvt.color2: #00A800
		370	URxvt.color3: #A8A800
		371	URxvt.color4: #0000A8
		372	URxvt.color5: #A800A8
		373	URxvt.color6: #00A8A8
		374	URxvt.color7: #A8A8A8
		375
		376	URxvt.color8: #000054
		377	URxvt.color9: #FF0054
		378	URxvt.color10: #00FF54
		379	URxvt.color11: #FFFF54
		380	URxvt.color12: #0000FF
		381	URxvt.color13: #FF00FF
		382	URxvt.color14: #00FFFF
		383	URxvt.color15: #FFFFFF
		384
		385	And here is a more complete set of non-standard colors.
		386
		387	URxvt.cursorColor: #dc74d1
		388	URxvt.pointerColor: #dc74d1
		389	URxvt.background: #0e0e0e
		390	URxvt.foreground: #4ad5e1
		391	URxvt.color0: #000000
		392	URxvt.color8: #8b8f93
		393	URxvt.color1: #dc74d1
		394	URxvt.color9: #dc74d1
		395	URxvt.color2: #0eb8c7
		396	URxvt.color10: #0eb8c7
		397	URxvt.color3: #dfe37e
		398	URxvt.color11: #dfe37e
		399	URxvt.color5: #9e88f0
		400	URxvt.color13: #9e88f0
		401	URxvt.color6: #73f7ff
		402	URxvt.color14: #73f7ff
		403	URxvt.color7: #e1dddd
		404	URxvt.color15: #e1dddd
		405
		406	They have been described (not by me) as "pretty girly".
		407
		408	=head3 Why do some characters look so much different than others?
		409
		410	See next entry.
		411
		412	=head3 How does rxvt-unicode choose fonts?
		413
		414	Most fonts do not contain the full range of Unicode, which is
		415	fine. Chances are that the font you (or the admin/package maintainer of
		416	your system/os) have specified does not cover all the characters you want
		417	to display.
		418
		419	B<rxvt-unicode> makes a best-effort try at finding a replacement
		420	font. Often the result is fine, but sometimes the chosen font looks
		421	bad/ugly/wrong. Some fonts have totally strange characters that don't
		422	resemble the correct glyph at all, and rxvt-unicode lacks the artificial
		423	intelligence to detect that a specific glyph is wrong: it has to believe
		424	the font that the characters it claims to contain indeed look correct.
		425
		426	In that case, select a font of your taste and add it to the font list,
		427	e.g.:
		428
		429	@@URXVT_NAME@@ -fn basefont,font2,font3...
		430
		431	When rxvt-unicode sees a character, it will first look at the base
		432	font. If the base font does not contain the character, it will go to the
		433	next font, and so on. Specifying your own fonts will also speed up this
		434	search and use less resources within rxvt-unicode and the X-server.
		435
		436	The only limitation is that none of the fonts may be larger than the base
		437	font, as the base font defines the terminal character cell size, which
		438	must be the same due to the way terminals work.
		439
		440	=head3 Why do some chinese characters look so different than others?
		441
		442	This is because there is a difference between script and language --
		443	rxvt-unicode does not know which language the text that is output is,
		444	as it only knows the unicode character codes. If rxvt-unicode first
		445	sees a japanese/chinese character, it might choose a japanese font for
		446	display. Subsequent japanese characters will use that font. Now, many
		447	chinese characters aren't represented in japanese fonts, so when the first
		448	non-japanese character comes up, rxvt-unicode will look for a chinese font
		449	-- unfortunately at this point, it will still use the japanese font for
		450	chinese characters that are also in the japanese font.
		451
		452	The workaround is easy: just tag a chinese font at the end of your font
		453	list (see the previous question). The key is to view the font list as
		454	a preference list: If you expect more japanese, list a japanese font
		455	first. If you expect more chinese, put a chinese font first.
		456
		457	In the future it might be possible to switch language preferences at
		458	runtime (the internal data structure has no problem with using different
		459	fonts for the same character at the same time, but no interface for this
		460	has been designed yet).
		461
		462	Until then, you might get away with switching fonts at runtime (see L<Can
		463	I switch the fonts at runtime?> later in this document).
		464
		465	=head2 Keyboard, Mouse & User Interaction
		466
		467	=head3 The new selection selects pieces that are too big, how can I select single words?
		468
		469	If you want to select e.g. alphanumeric words, you can use the following
		470	setting:
		471
		472	URxvt.selection.pattern-0: ([[:word:]]+)
		473
		474	If you click more than twice, the selection will be extended
		475	more and more.
		476
		477	To get a selection that is very similar to the old code, try this pattern:
		478
		479	URxvt.selection.pattern-0: ([^"&'()*,;<=>?@[\\\\]^`{|})]+)
		480
		481	Please also note that the I<LeftClick Shift-LeftClik> combination also
		482	selects words like the old code.
		483
		484	=head3 I don't like the new selection/popups/hotkeys/perl, how do I change/disable it?
		485
		486	You can disable the perl extension completely by setting the
		487	B<perl-ext-common> resource to the empty string, which also keeps
		488	rxvt-unicode from initialising perl, saving memory.
		489
		490	If you only want to disable specific features, you first have to
		491	identify which perl extension is responsible. For this, read the section
		492	B<PREPACKAGED EXTENSIONS> in the @@URXVT_NAME@@perl(3) manpage. For
		493	example, to disable the B<selection-popup> and B<option-popup>, specify
		494	this B<perl-ext-common> resource:
		495
		496	URxvt.perl-ext-common: default,-selection-popup,-option-popup
		497
		498	This will keep the default extensions, but disable the two popup
		499	extensions. Some extensions can also be configured, for example,
		500	scrollback search mode is triggered by B<M-s>. You can move it to any
		501	other combination either by setting the B<searchable-scrollback> resource:
		502
		503	URxvt.searchable-scrollback: CM-s
		504
		505	=head3 The cursor moves when selecting text in the current input line, how do I switch this off?
		506
		507	See next entry.
		508
		509	=head3 During rlogin/ssh/telnet/etc. sessions, clicking near the cursor outputs strange escape sequences, how do I fix this?
		510
		511	These are caused by the C<readline> perl extension. Under normal
		512	circumstances, it will move your cursor around when you click into the
		513	line that contains it. It tries hard not to do this at the wrong moment,
		514	but when running a program that doesn't parse cursor movements or in some
		515	cases during rlogin sessions, it fails to detect this properly.
		516
		517	You can permamently switch this feature off by disabling the C<readline>
		518	extension:
		519
210	URxvt.perl-ext-common: default,tabbed	520	URxvt.perl-ext-common: default,-readline
211		521
212	It will also work fine with tabbing functionality of many window managers	522	=head3 My numerical keypad acts weird and generates differing output?
213	or similar tabbing programs, and its embedding-features allow it to be
214	embedded into other programs, as witnessed by F<doc/rxvt-tabbed> or
215	the upcoming C<Gtk2::URxvt> perl module, which features a tabbed urxvt
216	(murxvt) terminal as an example embedding application.
217		523
218	=item How do I know which rxvt-unicode version I'm using?	524	Some Debian GNUL/Linux users seem to have this problem, although no
		525	specific details were reported so far. It is possible that this is caused
		526	by the wrong C<TERM> setting, although the details of wether and how
		527	this can happen are unknown, as C<TERM=rxvt> should offer a compatible
		528	keymap. See the answer to the previous question, and please report if that
		529	helped.
219		530
220	The version number is displayed with the usage (-h). Also the escape	531	=head3 My Compose (Multi_key) key is no longer working.
221	sequence C<ESC [ 8 n> sets the window title to the version number. When
222	using the @@RXVT_NAME@@c client, the version displayed is that of the
223	daemon.
224		532
225	=item I am using Debian GNU/Linux and have a problem...	533	The most common causes for this are that either your locale is not set
		534	correctly, or you specified a B<preeditStyle> that is not supported by
		535	your input method. For example, if you specified B<OverTheSpot> and
		536	your input method (e.g. the default input method handling Compose keys)
		537	does not support this (for instance because it is not visual), then
		538	rxvt-unicode will continue without an input method.
226		539
227	The Debian GNU/Linux package of rxvt-unicode in sarge contains large	540	In this case either do not specify a B<preeditStyle> or specify more than
228	patches that considerably change the behaviour of rxvt-unicode (but	541	one pre-edit style, such as B<OverTheSpot,Root,None>.
229	unfortunately this notice has been removed). Before reporting a bug to
230	the original rxvt-unicode author please download and install the genuine
231	version (L<http://software.schmorp.de#rxvt-unicode>) and try to reproduce
232	the problem. If you cannot, chances are that the problems are specific to
233	Debian GNU/Linux, in which case it should be reported via the Debian Bug
234	Tracking System (use C<reportbug> to report the bug).
235		542
236	For other problems that also affect the Debian package, you can and	543	=head3 I cannot type C<Ctrl-Shift-2> to get an ASCII NUL character due to ISO 14755
237	probably should use the Debian BTS, too, because, after all, it's also a
238	bug in the Debian version and it serves as a reminder for other users that
239	might encounter the same issue.
240		544
241	=item I am maintaining rxvt-unicode for distribution/OS XXX, any	545	Either try C<Ctrl-2> alone (it often is mapped to ASCII NUL even on
242	recommendation?	546	international keyboards) or simply use ISO 14755 support to your
		547	advantage, typing <Ctrl-Shift-0> to get a ASCII NUL. This works for other
		548	codes, too, such as C<Ctrl-Shift-1-d> to type the default telnet escape
		549	character and so on.
243		550
244	You should build one binary with the default options. F<configure>	551	=head3 Mouse cut/paste suddenly no longer works.
245	now enables most useful options, and the trend goes to making them
246	runtime-switchable, too, so there is usually no drawback to enbaling them,
247	except higher disk and possibly memory usage. The perl interpreter should
248	be enabled, as important functionality (menus, selection, likely more in
249	the future) depends on it.
250		552
251	You should not overwrite the C<perl-ext-common> snd C<perl-ext> resources	553	Make sure that mouse reporting is actually turned off since killing
252	system-wide (except maybe with C<defaults>). This will result in useful	554	some editors prematurely may leave the mouse in mouse report mode. I've
253	behaviour. If your distribution aims at low memory, add an empty	555	heard that tcsh may use mouse reporting unless it otherwise specified. A
254	C<perl-ext-common> resource to the app-defaults file. This will keep the	556	quick check is to see if cut/paste works when the Alt or Shift keys are
255	perl interpreter disabled until the user enables it.	557	depressed.
256		558
257	If you can/want build more binaries, I recommend building a minimal	559	=head3 What's with the strange Backspace/Delete key behaviour?
258	one with C<--disable-everything> (very useful) and a maximal one with
259	C<--enable-everything> (less useful, it will be very big due to a lot of
260	encodings built-in that increase download times and are rarely used).
261		560
262	=item I need to make it setuid/setgid to support utmp/ptys on my OS, is this safe?	561	Assuming that the physical Backspace key corresponds to the
		562	BackSpace keysym (not likely for Linux ... see the following
		563	question) there are two standard values that can be used for
		564	Backspace: C<^H> and C<^?>.
263		565
264	It should be, starting with release 7.1. You are encouraged to properly	566	Historically, either value is correct, but rxvt-unicode adopts the debian
265	install urxvt with privileges necessary for your OS now.	567	policy of using C<^?> when unsure, because it's the one only only correct
		568	choice :).
266		569
267	When rxvt-unicode detects that it runs setuid or setgid, it will fork	570	Rxvt-unicode tries to inherit the current stty settings and uses the value
268	into a helper process for privileged operations (pty handling on some	571	of `erase' to guess the value for backspace. If rxvt-unicode wasn't
269	systems, utmp/wtmp/lastlog handling on others) and drop privileges	572	started from a terminal (say, from a menu or by remote shell), then the
270	immediately. This is much safer than most other terminals that keep	573	system value of `erase', which corresponds to CERASE in <termios.h>, will
271	privileges while running (but is more relevant to urxvt, as it contains	574	be used (which may not be the same as your stty setting).
272	things as perl interpreters, which might be "helpful" to attackers).
273		575
274	This forking is done as the very first within main(), which is very early	576	For starting a new rxvt-unicode:
275	and reduces possible bugs to initialisation code run before main(), or
276	things like the dynamic loader of your system, which should result in very
277	little risk.
278		577
		578	# use Backspace = ^H
		579	$ stty erase ^H
		580	$ @@URXVT_NAME@@
		581
		582	# use Backspace = ^?
		583	$ stty erase ^?
		584	$ @@URXVT_NAME@@
		585
		586	Toggle with C<ESC [ 36 h> / C<ESC [ 36 l>.
		587
		588	For an existing rxvt-unicode:
		589
		590	# use Backspace = ^H
		591	$ stty erase ^H
		592	$ echo -n "^[[36h"
		593
		594	# use Backspace = ^?
		595	$ stty erase ^?
		596	$ echo -n "^[[36l"
		597
		598	This helps satisfy some of the Backspace discrepancies that occur, but
		599	if you use Backspace = C<^H>, make sure that the termcap/terminfo value
		600	properly reflects that.
		601
		602	The Delete key is a another casualty of the ill-defined Backspace problem.
		603	To avoid confusion between the Backspace and Delete keys, the Delete
		604	key has been assigned an escape sequence to match the vt100 for Execute
		605	(C<ESC [ 3 ~>) and is in the supplied termcap/terminfo.
		606
		607	Some other Backspace problems:
		608
		609	some editors use termcap/terminfo,
		610	some editors (vim I'm told) expect Backspace = ^H,
		611	GNU Emacs (and Emacs-like editors) use ^H for help.
		612
		613	Perhaps someday this will all be resolved in a consistent manner.
		614
		615	=head3 I don't like the key-bindings. How do I change them?
		616
		617	There are some compile-time selections available via configure. Unless
		618	you have run "configure" with the C<--disable-resources> option you can
		619	use the `keysym' resource to alter the keystrings associated with keysyms.
		620
		621	Here's an example for a URxvt session started using C<@@URXVT_NAME@@ -name URxvt>
		622
		623	URxvt.keysym.Home: \033[1~
		624	URxvt.keysym.End: \033[4~
		625	URxvt.keysym.C-apostrophe: \033<C-'>
		626	URxvt.keysym.C-slash: \033<C-/>
		627	URxvt.keysym.C-semicolon: \033<C-;>
		628	URxvt.keysym.C-grave: \033<C-`>
		629	URxvt.keysym.C-comma: \033<C-,>
		630	URxvt.keysym.C-period: \033<C-.>
		631	URxvt.keysym.C-0x60: \033<C-`>
		632	URxvt.keysym.C-Tab: \033<C-Tab>
		633	URxvt.keysym.C-Return: \033<C-Return>
		634	URxvt.keysym.S-Return: \033<S-Return>
		635	URxvt.keysym.S-space: \033<S-Space>
		636	URxvt.keysym.M-Up: \033<M-Up>
		637	URxvt.keysym.M-Down: \033<M-Down>
		638	URxvt.keysym.M-Left: \033<M-Left>
		639	URxvt.keysym.M-Right: \033<M-Right>
		640	URxvt.keysym.M-C-0: list \033<M-C- 0123456789 >
		641	URxvt.keysym.M-C-a: list \033<M-C- abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz >
		642	URxvt.keysym.F12: command:\033]701;zh_CN.GBK\007
		643
		644	See some more examples in the documentation for the B<keysym> resource.
		645
		646	=head3 I'm using keyboard model XXX that has extra Prior/Next/Insert keys. How do I make use of them? For example, the Sun Keyboard type 4 has the following map
		647
		648	KP_Insert == Insert
		649	F22 == Print
		650	F27 == Home
		651	F29 == Prior
		652	F33 == End
		653	F35 == Next
		654
		655	Rather than have rxvt-unicode try to accommodate all the various possible
		656	keyboard mappings, it is better to use `xmodmap' to remap the keys as
		657	required for your particular machine.
		658
		659
		660
		661	=head2 Terminal Configuration
		662
		663	=head3 Why doesn't rxvt-unicode read my resources?
		664
		665	Well, why, indeed? It does, in a way very similar to other X
		666	applications. Most importantly, this means that if you or your OS loads
		667	resources into the X display (the right way to do it), rxvt-unicode will
		668	ignore any resource files in your home directory. It will only read
		669	F<$HOME/.Xdefaults> when no resources are attached to the display.
		670
		671	If you have or use an F<$HOME/.Xresources> file, chances are that
		672	resources are loaded into your X-server. In this case, you have to
		673	re-login after every change (or run F<xrdb -merge $HOME/.Xresources>).
		674
		675	Also consider the form resources have to use:
		676
		677	URxvt.resource: value
		678
		679	If you want to use another form (there are lots of different ways of
		680	specifying resources), make sure you understand wether and why it
		681	works. If unsure, use the form above.
		682
279	=item When I log-in to another system it tells me about missing terminfo data?	683	=head3 When I log-in to another system it tells me about missing terminfo data?
280		684
281	The terminal description used by rxvt-unicode is not as widely available	685	The terminal description used by rxvt-unicode is not as widely available
282	as that for xterm, or even rxvt (for which the same problem often arises).	686	as that for xterm, or even rxvt (for which the same problem often arises).
283		687
284	The correct solution for this problem is to install the terminfo, this can	688	The correct solution for this problem is to install the terminfo, this can
…		…
300	resource to set it:	704	resource to set it:
301		705
302	URxvt.termName: rxvt	706	URxvt.termName: rxvt
303		707
304	If you don't plan to use B<rxvt> (quite common...) you could also replace	708	If you don't plan to use B<rxvt> (quite common...) you could also replace
305	the rxvt terminfo file with the rxvt-unicode one.	709	the rxvt terminfo file with the rxvt-unicode one and use C<TERM=rxvt>.
306		710
307	=item C<tic> outputs some error when compiling the terminfo entry.	711	=head3 C<tic> outputs some error when compiling the terminfo entry.
308		712
309	Most likely it's the empty definition for C<enacs=>. Just replace it by	713	Most likely it's the empty definition for C<enacs=>. Just replace it by
310	C<enacs=\E[0@> and try again.	714	C<enacs=\E[0@> and try again.
311		715
312	=item C<bash>'s readline does not work correctly under @@RXVT_NAME@@.	716	=head3 C<bash>'s readline does not work correctly under @@URXVT_NAME@@.
313		717
		718	See next entry.
		719
314	=item I need a termcap file entry.	720	=head3 I need a termcap file entry.
315		721
316	One reason you might want this is that some distributions or operating	722	One reason you might want this is that some distributions or operating
317	systems still compile some programs using the long-obsoleted termcap	723	systems still compile some programs using the long-obsoleted termcap
318	library (Fedora Core's bash is one example) and rely on a termcap entry	724	library (Fedora Core's bash is one example) and rely on a termcap entry
319	for C<rxvt-unicode>.	725	for C<rxvt-unicode>.
…		…
345	:sc=\E7:se=\E[27m:sf=^J:so=\E[7m:sr=\EM:st=\EH:ta=^I:\	751	:sc=\E7:se=\E[27m:sf=^J:so=\E[7m:sr=\EM:st=\EH:ta=^I:\
346	:te=\E[r\E[?1049l:ti=\E[?1049h:ue=\E[24m:up=\E[A:\	752	:te=\E[r\E[?1049l:ti=\E[?1049h:ue=\E[24m:up=\E[A:\
347	:us=\E[4m:vb=\E[?5h\E[?5l:ve=\E[?25h:vi=\E[?25l:\	753	:us=\E[4m:vb=\E[?5h\E[?5l:ve=\E[?25h:vi=\E[?25l:\
348	:vs=\E[?25h:	754	:vs=\E[?25h:
349		755
350	=item Why does C<ls> no longer have coloured output?	756	=head3 Why does C<ls> no longer have coloured output?
351		757
352	The C<ls> in the GNU coreutils unfortunately doesn't use terminfo to	758	The C<ls> in the GNU coreutils unfortunately doesn't use terminfo to
353	decide wether a terminal has colour, but uses it's own configuration	759	decide wether a terminal has colour, but uses it's own configuration
354	file. Needless to say, C<rxvt-unicode> is not in it's default file (among	760	file. Needless to say, C<rxvt-unicode> is not in it's default file (among
355	with most other terminals supporting colour). Either add:	761	with most other terminals supporting colour). Either add:
…		…
360		766
361	alias ls='ls --color=auto'	767	alias ls='ls --color=auto'
362		768
363	to your C<.profile> or C<.bashrc>.	769	to your C<.profile> or C<.bashrc>.
364		770
365	=item Why doesn't vim/emacs etc. use the 88 colour mode?	771	=head3 Why doesn't vim/emacs etc. use the 88 colour mode?
366		772
		773	See next entry.
		774
367	=item Why doesn't vim/emacs etc. make use of italic?	775	=head3 Why doesn't vim/emacs etc. make use of italic?
368		776
		777	See next entry.
		778
369	=item Why are the secondary screen-related options not working properly?	779	=head3 Why are the secondary screen-related options not working properly?
370		780
371	Make sure you are using C<TERM=rxvt-unicode>. Some pre-packaged	781	Make sure you are using C<TERM=rxvt-unicode>. Some pre-packaged
372	distributions (most notably Debian GNU/Linux) break rxvt-unicode	782	distributions (most notably Debian GNU/Linux) break rxvt-unicode
373	by setting C<TERM> to C<rxvt>, which doesn't have these extra	783	by setting C<TERM> to C<rxvt>, which doesn't have these extra
374	features. Unfortunately, some of these (most notably, again, Debian	784	features. Unfortunately, some of these (most notably, again, Debian
375	GNU/Linux) furthermore fail to even install the C<rxvt-unicode> terminfo	785	GNU/Linux) furthermore fail to even install the C<rxvt-unicode> terminfo
376	file, so you will need to install it on your own (See the question B<When	786	file, so you will need to install it on your own (See the question B<When
377	I log-in to another system it tells me about missing terminfo data?> on	787	I log-in to another system it tells me about missing terminfo data?> on
378	how to do this).	788	how to do this).
379		789
380	=item My numerical keypad acts weird and generates differing output?
381		790
382	Some Debian GNUL/Linux users seem to have this problem, although no	791	=head2 Encoding / Locale / Input Method Issues
383	specific details were reported so far. It is possible that this is caused
384	by the wrong C<TERM> setting, although the details of wether and how
385	this can happen are unknown, as C<TERM=rxvt> should offer a compatible
386	keymap. See the answer to the previous question, and please report if that
387	helped.
388		792
389	=item Rxvt-unicode does not seem to understand the selected encoding?	793	=head3 Rxvt-unicode does not seem to understand the selected encoding?
390		794
		795	See next entry.
		796
391	=item Unicode does not seem to work?	797	=head3 Unicode does not seem to work?
392		798
393	If you encounter strange problems like typing an accented character but	799	If you encounter strange problems like typing an accented character but
394	getting two unrelated other characters or similar, or if program output is	800	getting two unrelated other characters or similar, or if program output is
395	subtly garbled, then you should check your locale settings.	801	subtly garbled, then you should check your locale settings.
396		802
…		…
416		822
417	If nothing works and you are sure that everything is set correctly then	823	If nothing works and you are sure that everything is set correctly then
418	you will need to remember a little known fact: Some programs just don't	824	you will need to remember a little known fact: Some programs just don't
419	support locales :(	825	support locales :(
420		826
421	=item Why do some characters look so much different than others?	827	=head3 How does rxvt-unicode determine the encoding to use?
422		828
423	=item How does rxvt-unicode choose fonts?	829	See next entry.
424		830
425	Most fonts do not contain the full range of Unicode, which is	831	=head3 Is there an option to switch encodings?
426	fine. Chances are that the font you (or the admin/package maintainer of
427	your system/os) have specified does not cover all the characters you want
428	to display.
429		832
430	B<rxvt-unicode> makes a best-effort try at finding a replacement	833	Unlike some other terminals, rxvt-unicode has no encoding switch, and no
431	font. Often the result is fine, but sometimes the chosen font looks	834	specific "utf-8" mode, such as xterm. In fact, it doesn't even know about
432	bad/ugly/wrong. Some fonts have totally strange characters that don't	835	UTF-8 or any other encodings with respect to terminal I/O.
433	resemble the correct glyph at all, and rxvt-unicode lacks the artificial
434	intelligence to detect that a specific glyph is wrong: it has to believe
435	the font that the characters it claims to contain indeed look correct.
436		836
437	In that case, select a font of your taste and add it to the font list,	837	The reasons is that there exists a perfectly fine mechanism for selecting
438	e.g.:	838	the encoding, doing I/O and (most important) communicating this to all
439		839	applications so everybody agrees on character properties such as width
440	@@RXVT_NAME@@ -fn basefont,font2,font3...	840	and code number. This mechanism is the I<locale>. Applications not using
441		841	that info will have problems (for example, C<xterm> gets the width of
442	When rxvt-unicode sees a character, it will first look at the base	842	characters wrong as it uses it's own, locale-independent table under all
443	font. If the base font does not contain the character, it will go to the
444	next font, and so on. Specifying your own fonts will also speed up this
445	search and use less resources within rxvt-unicode and the X-server.
446
447	The only limitation is that none of the fonts may be larger than the base
448	font, as the base font defines the terminal character cell size, which
449	must be the same due to the way terminals work.
450
451	=item Why do some chinese characters look so different than others?
452
453	This is because there is a difference between script and language --
454	rxvt-unicode does not know which language the text that is output is,
455	as it only knows the unicode character codes. If rxvt-unicode first
456	sees a japanese/chinese character, it might choose a japanese font for
457	display. Subsequent japanese characters will use that font. Now, many
458	chinese characters aren't represented in japanese fonts, so when the first
459	non-japanese character comes up, rxvt-unicode will look for a chinese font
460	-- unfortunately at this point, it will still use the japanese font for
461	chinese characters that are also in the japanese font.
462
463	The workaround is easy: just tag a chinese font at the end of your font
464	list (see the previous question). The key is to view the font list as
465	a preference list: If you expect more japanese, list a japanese font
466	first. If you expect more chinese, put a chinese font first.
467
468	In the future it might be possible to switch language preferences at
469	runtime (the internal data structure has no problem with using different
470	fonts for the same character at the same time, but no interface for this
471	has been designed yet).
472
473	Until then, you might get away with switching fonts at runtime (see L<Can
474	I switch the fonts at runtime?> later in this document).
475
476	=item Why does rxvt-unicode sometimes leave pixel droppings?
477
478	Most fonts were not designed for terminal use, which means that character
479	size varies a lot. A font that is otherwise fine for terminal use might
480	contain some characters that are simply too wide. Rxvt-unicode will avoid
481	these characters. For characters that are just "a bit" too wide a special
482	"careful" rendering mode is used that redraws adjacent characters.
483
484	All of this requires that fonts do not lie about character sizes,
485	however: Xft fonts often draw glyphs larger than their acclaimed bounding
486	box, and rxvt-unicode has no way of detecting this (the correct way is to
487	ask for the character bounding box, which unfortunately is wrong in these
488	cases).	843	locales).
489		844
490	It's not clear (to me at least), wether this is a bug in Xft, freetype,	845	Rxvt-unicode uses the C<LC_CTYPE> locale category to select encoding. All
491	or the respective font. If you encounter this problem you might try using	846	programs doing the same (that is, most) will automatically agree in the
492	the C<-lsp> option to give the font more height. If that doesn't work, you	847	interpretation of characters.
493	might be forced to use a different font.
494		848
495	All of this is not a problem when using X11 core fonts, as their bounding	849	Unfortunately, there is no system-independent way to select locales, nor
496	box data is correct.	850	is there a standard on how locale specifiers will look like.
497		851
		852	On most systems, the content of the C<LC_CTYPE> environment variable
		853	contains an arbitrary string which corresponds to an already-installed
		854	locale. Common names for locales are C<en_US.UTF-8>, C<de_DE.ISO-8859-15>,
		855	C<ja_JP.EUC-JP>, i.e. C<language_country.encoding>, but other forms
		856	(i.e. C<de> or C<german>) are also common.
		857
		858	Rxvt-unicode ignores all other locale categories, and except for
		859	the encoding, ignores country or language-specific settings,
		860	i.e. C<de_DE.UTF-8> and C<ja_JP.UTF-8> are the normally same to
		861	rxvt-unicode.
		862
		863	If you want to use a specific encoding you have to make sure you start
		864	rxvt-unicode with the correct C<LC_CTYPE> category.
		865
		866	=head3 Can I switch locales at runtime?
		867
		868	Yes, using an escape sequence. Try something like this, which sets
		869	rxvt-unicode's idea of C<LC_CTYPE>.
		870
		871	printf '\e]701;%s\007' ja_JP.SJIS
		872
		873	See also the previous answer.
		874
		875	Sometimes this capability is rather handy when you want to work in
		876	one locale (e.g. C<de_DE.UTF-8>) but some programs don't support it
		877	(e.g. UTF-8). For example, I use this script to start C<xjdic>, which
		878	first switches to a locale supported by xjdic and back later:
		879
		880	printf '\e]701;%s\007' ja_JP.SJIS
		881	xjdic -js
		882	printf '\e]701;%s\007' de_DE.UTF-8
		883
		884	You can also use xterm's C<luit> program, which usually works fine, except
		885	for some locales where character width differs between program- and
		886	rxvt-unicode-locales.
		887
		888	=head3 I have problems getting my input method working.
		889
		890	Try a search engine, as this is slightly different for every input method server.
		891
		892	Here is a checklist:
		893
		894	=over 4
		895
		896	=item - Make sure your locale I<and> the imLocale are supported on your OS.
		897
		898	Try C<locale -a> or check the documentation for your OS.
		899
		900	=item - Make sure your locale or imLocale matches a locale supported by your XIM.
		901
		902	For example, B<kinput2> does not support UTF-8 locales, you should use
		903	C<ja_JP.EUC-JP> or equivalent.
		904
		905	=item - Make sure your XIM server is actually running.
		906
		907	=item - Make sure the C<XMODIFIERS> environment variable is set correctly when I<starting> rxvt-unicode.
		908
		909	When you want to use e.g. B<kinput2>, it must be set to
		910	C<@im=kinput2>. For B<scim>, use C<@im=SCIM>. Youc an see what input
		911	method servers are running with this command:
		912
		913	xprop -root XIM_SERVERS
		914
		915	=item
		916
		917	=back
		918
		919	=head3 My input method wants <some encoding> but I want UTF-8, what can I do?
		920
		921	You can specify separate locales for the input method and the rest of the
		922	terminal, using the resource C<imlocale>:
		923
		924	URxvt.imlocale: ja_JP.EUC-JP
		925
		926	Now you can start your terminal with C<LC_CTYPE=ja_JP.UTF-8> and still
		927	use your input method. Please note, however, that, depending on your Xlib
		928	version, you may not be able to input characters outside C<EUC-JP> in a
		929	normal way then, as your input method limits you.
		930
		931	=head3 Rxvt-unicode crashes when the X Input Method changes or exits.
		932
		933	Unfortunately, this is unavoidable, as the XIM protocol is racy by
		934	design. Applications can avoid some crashes at the expense of memory
		935	leaks, and Input Methods can avoid some crashes by careful ordering at
		936	exit time. B<kinput2> (and derived input methods) generally succeeds,
		937	while B<SCIM> (or similar input methods) fails. In the end, however,
		938	crashes cannot be completely avoided even if both sides cooperate.
		939
		940	So the only workaround is not to kill your Input Method Servers.
		941
		942
		943	=head2 Operating Systems / Package Maintaining
		944
		945	=head3 I am using Debian GNU/Linux and have a problem...
		946
		947	The Debian GNU/Linux package of rxvt-unicode in sarge contains large
		948	patches that considerably change the behaviour of rxvt-unicode (but
		949	unfortunately this notice has been removed). Before reporting a bug to
		950	the original rxvt-unicode author please download and install the genuine
		951	version (L<http://software.schmorp.de#rxvt-unicode>) and try to reproduce
		952	the problem. If you cannot, chances are that the problems are specific to
		953	Debian GNU/Linux, in which case it should be reported via the Debian Bug
		954	Tracking System (use C<reportbug> to report the bug).
		955
		956	For other problems that also affect the Debian package, you can and
		957	probably should use the Debian BTS, too, because, after all, it's also a
		958	bug in the Debian version and it serves as a reminder for other users that
		959	might encounter the same issue.
		960
		961	=head3 I am maintaining rxvt-unicode for distribution/OS XXX, any recommendation?
		962
		963	You should build one binary with the default options. F<configure>
		964	now enables most useful options, and the trend goes to making them
		965	runtime-switchable, too, so there is usually no drawback to enbaling them,
		966	except higher disk and possibly memory usage. The perl interpreter should
		967	be enabled, as important functionality (menus, selection, likely more in
		968	the future) depends on it.
		969
		970	You should not overwrite the C<perl-ext-common> snd C<perl-ext> resources
		971	system-wide (except maybe with C<defaults>). This will result in useful
		972	behaviour. If your distribution aims at low memory, add an empty
		973	C<perl-ext-common> resource to the app-defaults file. This will keep the
		974	perl interpreter disabled until the user enables it.
		975
		976	If you can/want build more binaries, I recommend building a minimal
		977	one with C<--disable-everything> (very useful) and a maximal one with
		978	C<--enable-everything> (less useful, it will be very big due to a lot of
		979	encodings built-in that increase download times and are rarely used).
		980
		981	=head3 I need to make it setuid/setgid to support utmp/ptys on my OS, is this safe?
		982
		983	It should be, starting with release 7.1. You are encouraged to properly
		984	install urxvt with privileges necessary for your OS now.
		985
		986	When rxvt-unicode detects that it runs setuid or setgid, it will fork
		987	into a helper process for privileged operations (pty handling on some
		988	systems, utmp/wtmp/lastlog handling on others) and drop privileges
		989	immediately. This is much safer than most other terminals that keep
		990	privileges while running (but is more relevant to urxvt, as it contains
		991	things as perl interpreters, which might be "helpful" to attackers).
		992
		993	This forking is done as the very first within main(), which is very early
		994	and reduces possible bugs to initialisation code run before main(), or
		995	things like the dynamic loader of your system, which should result in very
		996	little risk.
		997
498	=item On Solaris 9, many line-drawing characters are too wide.	998	=head3 On Solaris 9, many line-drawing characters are too wide.
499		999
500	Seems to be a known bug, read	1000	Seems to be a known bug, read
501	L<http://nixdoc.net/files/forum/about34198.html>. Some people use the	1001	L<http://nixdoc.net/files/forum/about34198.html>. Some people use the
502	following ugly workaround to get non-double-wide-characters working:	1002	following ugly workaround to get non-double-wide-characters working:
503		1003
504	#define wcwidth(x) wcwidth(x) > 1 ? 1 : wcwidth(x)	1004	#define wcwidth(x) wcwidth(x) > 1 ? 1 : wcwidth(x)
505		1005
506	=item My Compose (Multi_key) key is no longer working.
507
508	The most common causes for this are that either your locale is not set
509	correctly, or you specified a B<preeditStyle> that is not supported by
510	your input method. For example, if you specified B<OverTheSpot> and
511	your input method (e.g. the default input method handling Compose keys)
512	does not support this (for instance because it is not visual), then
513	rxvt-unicode will continue without an input method.
514
515	In this case either do not specify a B<preeditStyle> or specify more than
516	one pre-edit style, such as B<OverTheSpot,Root,None>.
517
518	=item I cannot type C<Ctrl-Shift-2> to get an ASCII NUL character due to ISO 14755
519
520	Either try C<Ctrl-2> alone (it often is mapped to ASCII NUL even on
521	international keyboards) or simply use ISO 14755 support to your
522	advantage, typing <Ctrl-Shift-0> to get a ASCII NUL. This works for other
523	codes, too, such as C<Ctrl-Shift-1-d> to type the default telnet escape
524	character and so on.
525
526	=item How can I keep rxvt-unicode from using reverse video so much?
527
528	First of all, make sure you are running with the right terminal settings
529	(C<TERM=rxvt-unicode>), which will get rid of most of these effects. Then
530	make sure you have specified colours for italic and bold, as otherwise
531	rxvt-unicode might use reverse video to simulate the effect:
532
533	URxvt.colorBD: white
534	URxvt.colorIT: green
535
536	=item Some programs assume totally weird colours (red instead of blue), how can I fix that?
537
538	For some unexplainable reason, some rare programs assume a very weird
539	colour palette when confronted with a terminal with more than the standard
540	8 colours (rxvt-unicode supports 88). The right fix is, of course, to fix
541	these programs not to assume non-ISO colours without very good reasons.
542
543	In the meantime, you can either edit your C<rxvt-unicode> terminfo
544	definition to only claim 8 colour support or use C<TERM=rxvt>, which will
545	fix colours but keep you from using other rxvt-unicode features.
546
547	=item I am on FreeBSD and rxvt-unicode does not seem to work at all.	1006	=head3 I am on FreeBSD and rxvt-unicode does not seem to work at all.
548		1007
549	Rxvt-unicode requires the symbol C<__STDC_ISO_10646__> to be defined	1008	Rxvt-unicode requires the symbol C<__STDC_ISO_10646__> to be defined
550	in your compile environment, or an implementation that implements it,	1009	in your compile environment, or an implementation that implements it,
551	wether it defines the symbol or not. C<__STDC_ISO_10646__> requires that	1010	wether it defines the symbol or not. C<__STDC_ISO_10646__> requires that
552	B<wchar_t> is represented as unicode.	1011	B<wchar_t> is represented as unicode.
…		…
574		1033
575	The rxvt-unicode author insists that the right way to fix this is in the	1034	The rxvt-unicode author insists that the right way to fix this is in the
576	system libraries once and for all, instead of forcing every app to carry	1035	system libraries once and for all, instead of forcing every app to carry
577	complete replacements for them :)	1036	complete replacements for them :)
578		1037
579	=item I use Solaris 9 and it doesn't compile/work/etc.	1038	=head3 I use Solaris 9 and it doesn't compile/work/etc.
580		1039
581	Try the diff in F<doc/solaris9.patch> as a base. It fixes the worst	1040	Try the diff in F<doc/solaris9.patch> as a base. It fixes the worst
582	problems with C<wcwidth> and a compile problem.	1041	problems with C<wcwidth> and a compile problem.
583		1042
584	=item How can I use rxvt-unicode under cygwin?	1043	=head3 How can I use rxvt-unicode under cygwin?
585		1044
586	rxvt-unicode should compile and run out of the box on cygwin, using	1045	rxvt-unicode should compile and run out of the box on cygwin, using
587	the X11 libraries that come with cygwin. libW11 emulation is no	1046	the X11 libraries that come with cygwin. libW11 emulation is no
588	longer supported (and makes no sense, either, as it only supported a	1047	longer supported (and makes no sense, either, as it only supported a
589	single font). I recommend starting the X-server in C<-multiwindow> or	1048	single font). I recommend starting the X-server in C<-multiwindow> or
…		…
592		1051
593	At the time of this writing, cygwin didn't seem to support any multi-byte	1052	At the time of this writing, cygwin didn't seem to support any multi-byte
594	encodings (you might try C<LC_CTYPE=C-UTF-8>), so you are likely limited	1053	encodings (you might try C<LC_CTYPE=C-UTF-8>), so you are likely limited
595	to 8-bit encodings.	1054	to 8-bit encodings.
596		1055
597	=item How does rxvt-unicode determine the encoding to use?
598
599	=item Is there an option to switch encodings?
600
601	Unlike some other terminals, rxvt-unicode has no encoding switch, and no
602	specific "utf-8" mode, such as xterm. In fact, it doesn't even know about
603	UTF-8 or any other encodings with respect to terminal I/O.
604
605	The reasons is that there exists a perfectly fine mechanism for selecting
606	the encoding, doing I/O and (most important) communicating this to all
607	applications so everybody agrees on character properties such as width
608	and code number. This mechanism is the I<locale>. Applications not using
609	that info will have problems (for example, C<xterm> gets the width of
610	characters wrong as it uses it's own, locale-independent table under all
611	locales).
612
613	Rxvt-unicode uses the C<LC_CTYPE> locale category to select encoding. All
614	programs doing the same (that is, most) will automatically agree in the
615	interpretation of characters.
616
617	Unfortunately, there is no system-independent way to select locales, nor
618	is there a standard on how locale specifiers will look like.
619
620	On most systems, the content of the C<LC_CTYPE> environment variable
621	contains an arbitrary string which corresponds to an already-installed
622	locale. Common names for locales are C<en_US.UTF-8>, C<de_DE.ISO-8859-15>,
623	C<ja_JP.EUC-JP>, i.e. C<language_country.encoding>, but other forms
624	(i.e. C<de> or C<german>) are also common.
625
626	Rxvt-unicode ignores all other locale categories, and except for
627	the encoding, ignores country or language-specific settings,
628	i.e. C<de_DE.UTF-8> and C<ja_JP.UTF-8> are the normally same to
629	rxvt-unicode.
630
631	If you want to use a specific encoding you have to make sure you start
632	rxvt-unicode with the correct C<LC_CTYPE> category.
633
634	=item Can I switch locales at runtime?
635
636	Yes, using an escape sequence. Try something like this, which sets
637	rxvt-unicode's idea of C<LC_CTYPE>.
638
639	printf '\e]701;%s\007' ja_JP.SJIS
640
641	See also the previous answer.
642
643	Sometimes this capability is rather handy when you want to work in
644	one locale (e.g. C<de_DE.UTF-8>) but some programs don't support it
645	(e.g. UTF-8). For example, I use this script to start C<xjdic>, which
646	first switches to a locale supported by xjdic and back later:
647
648	printf '\e]701;%s\007' ja_JP.SJIS
649	xjdic -js
650	printf '\e]701;%s\007' de_DE.UTF-8
651
652	You can also use xterm's C<luit> program, which usually works fine, except
653	for some locales where character width differs between program- and
654	rxvt-unicode-locales.
655
656	=item Can I switch the fonts at runtime?
657
658	Yes, using an escape sequence. Try something like this, which has the same
659	effect as using the C<-fn> switch, and takes effect immediately:
660
661	printf '\e]50;%s\007' "9x15bold,xft:Kochi Gothic"
662
663	This is useful if you e.g. work primarily with japanese (and prefer a
664	japanese font), but you have to switch to chinese temporarily, where
665	japanese fonts would only be in your way.
666
667	You can think of this as a kind of manual ISO-2022 switching.
668
669	=item Why do italic characters look as if clipped?
670
671	Many fonts have difficulties with italic characters and hinting. For
672	example, the otherwise very nicely hinted font C<xft:Bitstream Vera Sans
673	Mono> completely fails in it's italic face. A workaround might be to
674	enable freetype autohinting, i.e. like this:
675
676	URxvt.italicFont: xft:Bitstream Vera Sans Mono:italic:autohint=true
677	URxvt.boldItalicFont: xft:Bitstream Vera Sans Mono:bold:italic:autohint=true
678
679	=item My input method wants <some encoding> but I want UTF-8, what can I do?
680
681	You can specify separate locales for the input method and the rest of the
682	terminal, using the resource C<imlocale>:
683
684	URxvt.imlocale: ja_JP.EUC-JP
685
686	Now you can start your terminal with C<LC_CTYPE=ja_JP.UTF-8> and still
687	use your input method. Please note, however, that you will not be able to
688	input characters outside C<EUC-JP> in a normal way then, as your input
689	method limits you.
690
691	=item Rxvt-unicode crashes when the X Input Method changes or exits.
692
693	Unfortunately, this is unavoidable, as the XIM protocol is racy by
694	design. Applications can avoid some crashes at the expense of memory
695	leaks, and Input Methods can avoid some crashes by careful ordering at
696	exit time. B<kinput2> (and derived input methods) generally succeeds,
697	while B<SCIM> (or similar input methods) fails. In the end, however,
698	crashes cannot be completely avoided even if both sides cooperate.
699
700	So the only workaround is not to kill your Input Method Servers.
701
702	=item Rxvt-unicode uses gobs of memory, how can I reduce that?
703
704	Rxvt-unicode tries to obey the rule of not charging you for something you
705	don't use. One thing you should try is to configure out all settings that
706	you don't need, for example, Xft support is a resource hog by design,
707	when used. Compiling it out ensures that no Xft font will be loaded
708	accidentally when rxvt-unicode tries to find a font for your characters.
709
710	Also, many people (me included) like large windows and even larger
711	scrollback buffers: Without C<--enable-unicode3>, rxvt-unicode will use
712	6 bytes per screen cell. For a 160x?? window this amounts to almost a
713	kilobyte per line. A scrollback buffer of 10000 lines will then (if full)
714	use 10 Megabytes of memory. With C<--enable-unicode3> it gets worse, as
715	rxvt-unicode then uses 8 bytes per screen cell.
716
717	=item Can I speed up Xft rendering somehow?
718
719	Yes, the most obvious way to speed it up is to avoid Xft entirely, as
720	it is simply slow. If you still want Xft fonts you might try to disable
721	antialiasing (by appending C<:antialias=false>), which saves lots of
722	memory and also speeds up rendering considerably.
723
724	=item Rxvt-unicode doesn't seem to anti-alias its fonts, what is wrong?
725
726	Rxvt-unicode will use whatever you specify as a font. If it needs to
727	fall back to it's default font search list it will prefer X11 core
728	fonts, because they are small and fast, and then use Xft fonts. It has
729	antialiasing disabled for most of them, because the author thinks they
730	look best that way.
731
732	If you want antialiasing, you have to specify the fonts manually.
733
734	=item Mouse cut/paste suddenly no longer works.
735
736	Make sure that mouse reporting is actually turned off since killing
737	some editors prematurely may leave the mouse in mouse report mode. I've
738	heard that tcsh may use mouse reporting unless it otherwise specified. A
739	quick check is to see if cut/paste works when the Alt or Shift keys are
740	depressed.
741
742	=item What's with this bold/blink stuff?
743
744	If no bold colour is set via C<colorBD:>, bold will invert text using the
745	standard foreground colour.
746
747	For the standard background colour, blinking will actually make the
748	text blink when compiled with C<--enable-blinking>. with standard
749	colours. Without C<--enable-blinking>, the blink attribute will be
750	ignored.
751
752	On ANSI colours, bold/blink attributes are used to set high-intensity
753	foreground/background colors.
754
755	color0-7 are the low-intensity colors.
756
757	color8-15 are the corresponding high-intensity colors.
758
759	=item I don't like the screen colors. How do I change them?
760
761	You can change the screen colors at run-time using F<~/.Xdefaults>
762	resources (or as long-options).
763
764	Here are values that are supposed to resemble a VGA screen,
765	including the murky brown that passes for low-intensity yellow:
766
767	URxvt.color0: #000000
768	URxvt.color1: #A80000
769	URxvt.color2: #00A800
770	URxvt.color3: #A8A800
771	URxvt.color4: #0000A8
772	URxvt.color5: #A800A8
773	URxvt.color6: #00A8A8
774	URxvt.color7: #A8A8A8
775
776	URxvt.color8: #000054
777	URxvt.color9: #FF0054
778	URxvt.color10: #00FF54
779	URxvt.color11: #FFFF54
780	URxvt.color12: #0000FF
781	URxvt.color13: #FF00FF
782	URxvt.color14: #00FFFF
783	URxvt.color15: #FFFFFF
784
785	And here is a more complete set of non-standard colors described (not by
786	me) as "pretty girly".
787
788	URxvt.cursorColor: #dc74d1
789	URxvt.pointerColor: #dc74d1
790	URxvt.background: #0e0e0e
791	URxvt.foreground: #4ad5e1
792	URxvt.color0: #000000
793	URxvt.color8: #8b8f93
794	URxvt.color1: #dc74d1
795	URxvt.color9: #dc74d1
796	URxvt.color2: #0eb8c7
797	URxvt.color10: #0eb8c7
798	URxvt.color3: #dfe37e
799	URxvt.color11: #dfe37e
800	URxvt.color5: #9e88f0
801	URxvt.color13: #9e88f0
802	URxvt.color6: #73f7ff
803	URxvt.color14: #73f7ff
804	URxvt.color7: #e1dddd
805	URxvt.color15: #e1dddd
806
807	=item How can I start @@RXVT_NAME@@d in a race-free way?
808
809	Try C<@@RXVT_NAME@@d -f -o>, which tells @@RXVT_NAME@@d to open the
810	display, create the listening socket and then fork.
811
812	=item What's with the strange Backspace/Delete key behaviour?
813
814	Assuming that the physical Backspace key corresponds to the
815	BackSpace keysym (not likely for Linux ... see the following
816	question) there are two standard values that can be used for
817	Backspace: C<^H> and C<^?>.
818
819	Historically, either value is correct, but rxvt-unicode adopts the debian
820	policy of using C<^?> when unsure, because it's the one only only correct
821	choice :).
822
823	Rxvt-unicode tries to inherit the current stty settings and uses the value
824	of `erase' to guess the value for backspace. If rxvt-unicode wasn't
825	started from a terminal (say, from a menu or by remote shell), then the
826	system value of `erase', which corresponds to CERASE in <termios.h>, will
827	be used (which may not be the same as your stty setting).
828
829	For starting a new rxvt-unicode:
830
831	# use Backspace = ^H
832	$ stty erase ^H
833	$ @@RXVT_NAME@@
834
835	# use Backspace = ^?
836	$ stty erase ^?
837	$ @@RXVT_NAME@@
838
839	Toggle with C<ESC [ 36 h> / C<ESC [ 36 l>.
840
841	For an existing rxvt-unicode:
842
843	# use Backspace = ^H
844	$ stty erase ^H
845	$ echo -n "^[[36h"
846
847	# use Backspace = ^?
848	$ stty erase ^?
849	$ echo -n "^[[36l"
850
851	This helps satisfy some of the Backspace discrepancies that occur, but
852	if you use Backspace = C<^H>, make sure that the termcap/terminfo value
853	properly reflects that.
854
855	The Delete key is a another casualty of the ill-defined Backspace problem.
856	To avoid confusion between the Backspace and Delete keys, the Delete
857	key has been assigned an escape sequence to match the vt100 for Execute
858	(C<ESC [ 3 ~>) and is in the supplied termcap/terminfo.
859
860	Some other Backspace problems:
861
862	some editors use termcap/terminfo,
863	some editors (vim I'm told) expect Backspace = ^H,
864	GNU Emacs (and Emacs-like editors) use ^H for help.
865
866	Perhaps someday this will all be resolved in a consistent manner.
867
868	=item I don't like the key-bindings. How do I change them?
869
870	There are some compile-time selections available via configure. Unless
871	you have run "configure" with the C<--disable-resources> option you can
872	use the `keysym' resource to alter the keystrings associated with keysyms.
873
874	Here's an example for a URxvt session started using C<@@RXVT_NAME@@ -name URxvt>
875
876	URxvt.keysym.Home: \033[1~
877	URxvt.keysym.End: \033[4~
878	URxvt.keysym.C-apostrophe: \033<C-'>
879	URxvt.keysym.C-slash: \033<C-/>
880	URxvt.keysym.C-semicolon: \033<C-;>
881	URxvt.keysym.C-grave: \033<C-`>
882	URxvt.keysym.C-comma: \033<C-,>
883	URxvt.keysym.C-period: \033<C-.>
884	URxvt.keysym.C-0x60: \033<C-`>
885	URxvt.keysym.C-Tab: \033<C-Tab>
886	URxvt.keysym.C-Return: \033<C-Return>
887	URxvt.keysym.S-Return: \033<S-Return>
888	URxvt.keysym.S-space: \033<S-Space>
889	URxvt.keysym.M-Up: \033<M-Up>
890	URxvt.keysym.M-Down: \033<M-Down>
891	URxvt.keysym.M-Left: \033<M-Left>
892	URxvt.keysym.M-Right: \033<M-Right>
893	URxvt.keysym.M-C-0: list \033<M-C- 0123456789 >
894	URxvt.keysym.M-C-a: list \033<M-C- abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz >
895	URxvt.keysym.F12: command:\033]701;zh_CN.GBK\007
896
897	See some more examples in the documentation for the B<keysym> resource.
898
899	=item I'm using keyboard model XXX that has extra Prior/Next/Insert keys.
900	How do I make use of them? For example, the Sun Keyboard type 4
901	has the following mappings that rxvt-unicode doesn't recognize.
902
903	KP_Insert == Insert
904	F22 == Print
905	F27 == Home
906	F29 == Prior
907	F33 == End
908	F35 == Next
909
910	Rather than have rxvt-unicode try to accommodate all the various possible
911	keyboard mappings, it is better to use `xmodmap' to remap the keys as
912	required for your particular machine.
913
914	=item How do I distinguish wether I'm running rxvt-unicode or a regular xterm?
915	I need this to decide about setting colors etc.
916
917	rxvt and rxvt-unicode always export the variable "COLORTERM", so you can
918	check and see if that is set. Note that several programs, JED, slrn,
919	Midnight Commander automatically check this variable to decide whether or
920	not to use color.
921
922	=item How do I set the correct, full IP address for the DISPLAY variable?
923
924	If you've compiled rxvt-unicode with DISPLAY_IS_IP and have enabled
925	insecure mode then it is possible to use the following shell script
926	snippets to correctly set the display. If your version of rxvt-unicode
927	wasn't also compiled with ESCZ_ANSWER (as assumed in these snippets) then
928	the COLORTERM variable can be used to distinguish rxvt-unicode from a
929	regular xterm.
930
931	Courtesy of Chuck Blake <cblake@BBN.COM> with the following shell script
932	snippets:
933
934	# Bourne/Korn/POSIX family of shells:
935	[ ${TERM:-foo} = foo ] && TERM=xterm # assume an xterm if we don't know
936	if [ ${TERM:-foo} = xterm ]; then
937	stty -icanon -echo min 0 time 15 # see if enhanced rxvt or not
938	echo -n '^[Z'
939	read term_id
940	stty icanon echo
941	if [ ""${term_id} = '^[[?1;2C' -a ${DISPLAY:-foo} = foo ]; then
942	echo -n '^[[7n' # query the rxvt we are in for the DISPLAY string
943	read DISPLAY # set it in our local shell
944	fi
945	fi
946
947	=item How do I compile the manual pages for myself?
948
949	You need to have a recent version of perl installed as F</usr/bin/perl>,
950	one that comes with F<pod2man>, F<pod2text> and F<pod2html>. Then go to
951	the doc subdirectory and enter C<make alldoc>.
952
953	=item My question isn't answered here, can I ask a human?
954
955	Before sending me mail, you could go to IRC: C<irc.freenode.net>,
956	channel C<#rxvt-unicode> has some rxvt-unicode enthusiasts that might be
957	interested in learning about new and exciting problems (but not FAQs :).
958
959	=back
960
961	=head1 RXVT TECHNICAL REFERENCE	1056	=head1 RXVT-UNICODE TECHNICAL REFERENCE
962
963	=head1 DESCRIPTION
964		1057
965	The rest of this document describes various technical aspects of	1058	The rest of this document describes various technical aspects of
966	B<rxvt-unicode>. First the description of supported command sequences,	1059	B<rxvt-unicode>. First the description of supported command sequences,
967	followed by pixmap support and last by a description of all features	1060	followed by pixmap support and last by a description of all features
968	selectable at C<configure> time.	1061	selectable at C<configure> time.
969		1062
970	=head1 Definitions	1063	=head2 Definitions
971		1064
972	=over 4	1065	=over 4
973		1066
974	=item B<< C<c> >>	1067	=item B<< C<c> >>
975		1068
…		…
993		1086
994	A text parameter composed of printable characters.	1087	A text parameter composed of printable characters.
995		1088
996	=back	1089	=back
997		1090
998	=head1 Values	1091	=head2 Values
999		1092
1000	=over 4	1093	=over 4
1001		1094
1002	=item B<< C<ENQ> >>	1095	=item B<< C<ENQ> >>
1003		1096
…		…
1046		1139
1047	Space Character	1140	Space Character
1048		1141
1049	=back	1142	=back
1050		1143
1051	=head1 Escape Sequences	1144	=head2 Escape Sequences
1052		1145
1053	=over 4	1146	=over 4
1054		1147
1055	=item B<< C<ESC # 8> >>	1148	=item B<< C<ESC # 8> >>
1056		1149
…		…
1154		1247
1155	=back	1248	=back
1156		1249
1157	X<CSI>	1250	X<CSI>
1158		1251
1159	=head1 CSI (Command Sequence Introducer) Sequences	1252	=head2 CSI (Command Sequence Introducer) Sequences
1160		1253
1161	=over 4	1254	=over 4
1162		1255
1163	=item B<< C<ESC [ Ps @> >>	1256	=item B<< C<ESC [ Ps @> >>
1164		1257
…		…
1434		1527
1435	=back	1528	=back
1436		1529
1437	X<PrivateModes>	1530	X<PrivateModes>
1438		1531
1439	=head1 DEC Private Modes	1532	=head2 DEC Private Modes
1440		1533
1441	=over 4	1534	=over 4
1442		1535
1443	=item B<< C<ESC [ ? Pm h> >>	1536	=item B<< C<ESC [ ? Pm h> >>
1444		1537
…		…
1708		1801
1709	=back	1802	=back
1710		1803
1711	X<XTerm>	1804	X<XTerm>
1712		1805
1713	=head1 XTerm Operating System Commands	1806	=head2 XTerm Operating System Commands
1714		1807
1715	=over 4	1808	=over 4
1716		1809
1717	=item B<< C<ESC ] Ps;Pt ST> >>	1810	=item B<< C<ESC ] Ps;Pt ST> >>
1718		1811
…		…
1756		1849
1757	=end table	1850	=end table
1758		1851
1759	=back	1852	=back
1760		1853
1761	X<XPM>
1762
1763	=head1 XPM	1854	=head1 XPM
1764		1855
1765	For the XPM XTerm escape sequence B<< C<ESC ] 20 ; Pt ST> >> then value	1856	For the XPM XTerm escape sequence B<< C<ESC ] 20 ; Pt ST> >> then value
1766	of B<< C<Pt> >> can be the name of the background pixmap followed by a	1857	of B<< C<Pt> >> can be the name of the background pixmap followed by a
1767	sequence of scaling/positioning commands separated by semi-colons. The	1858	sequence of scaling/positioning commands separated by semi-colons. The
…		…
1864	=begin table	1955	=begin table
1865		1956
1866	4 Shift	1957	4 Shift
1867	8 Meta	1958	8 Meta
1868	16 Control	1959	16 Control
1869	32 Double Click I<(Rxvt extension)>	1960	32 Double Click I<(rxvt extension)>
1870		1961
1871	=end table	1962	=end table
1872		1963
1873	Col = B<< C<< <x> - SPACE >> >>	1964	Col = B<< C<< <x> - SPACE >> >>
1874		1965
…		…
2202	Remove support for mouse selection style like that of xterm.	2293	Remove support for mouse selection style like that of xterm.
2203		2294
2204	=item --enable-dmalloc (default: off)	2295	=item --enable-dmalloc (default: off)
2205		2296
2206	Use Gray Watson's malloc - which is good for debugging See	2297	Use Gray Watson's malloc - which is good for debugging See
2207	http://www.letters.com/dmalloc/ for details If you use either this or the	2298	L<http://www.letters.com/dmalloc/> for details If you use either this or the
2208	next option, you may need to edit src/Makefile after compiling to point	2299	next option, you may need to edit src/Makefile after compiling to point
2209	DINCLUDE and DLIB to the right places.	2300	DINCLUDE and DLIB to the right places.
2210		2301
2211	You can only use either this option and the following (should	2302	You can only use either this option and the following (should
2212	you use either) .	2303	you use either) .

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