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Revision 1.95 by root, Mon Jan 30 22:49:30 2006 UTC vs.
Revision 1.135 by ayin, Sun Jun 24 23:30:17 2007 UTC

…		…
16	=head1 DESCRIPTION	16	=head1 DESCRIPTION
17		17
18	This document contains the FAQ, the RXVT TECHNICAL REFERENCE documenting	18	This document contains the FAQ, the RXVT TECHNICAL REFERENCE documenting
19	all escape sequences, and other background information.	19	all escape sequences, and other background information.
20		20
21	The newest version of this document is	21	The newest version of this document is also available on the World Wide Web at
22	also available on the World Wide Web at
23	L<http://cvs.schmorp.de/browse/*checkout*/rxvt-unicode/doc/rxvt.7.html>.	22	L<http://cvs.schmorp.de/browse/rxvt-unicode/doc/rxvt.7.html>.
24		23
25	=head1 FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS	24	=head1 RXVT-UNICODE/URXVT FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS
26		25
27	=over 4
28		26
29	=item The new selection selects pieces that are too big, how can I select	27	=head2 Meta, Features & Commandline Issues
30	single words?
31		28
32	Yes. For example, if you want to select alphanumeric words, you can use	29	=head3 My question isn't answered here, can I ask a human?
33	the following resource:
34		30
35	URxvt.selection.pattern-0: ([[:word:]]+)	31	Before sending me mail, you could go to IRC: C<irc.freenode.net>,
		32	channel C<#rxvt-unicode> has some rxvt-unicode enthusiasts that might be
		33	interested in learning about new and exciting problems (but not FAQs :).
36		34
37	If you click more than twice, the selection will be extended	35	=head3 Does it support tabs, can I have a tabbed rxvt-unicode?
38	more and more.
39		36
40	To get a selection that is very similar to the old code, try this pattern:	37	Beginning with version 7.3, there is a perl extension that implements a
		38	simple tabbed terminal. It is installed by default, so any of these should
		39	give you tabs:
41		40
42	URxvt.selection.pattern-0: ([^"&'()*,;<=>?@[\\\\]^`{|})]+)	41	@@URXVT_NAME@@ -pe tabbed
43		42
44	Please also note that the I<LeftClick Shift-LeftClik> combination also	43	URxvt.perl-ext-common: default,tabbed
45	selects words like the old code.
46		44
47	=item I don't like the new selection/popups/hotkeys/perl, how do I	45	It will also work fine with tabbing functionality of many window managers
48	change/disable it?	46	or similar tabbing programs, and its embedding-features allow it to be
		47	embedded into other programs, as witnessed by F<doc/rxvt-tabbed> or
		48	the upcoming C<Gtk2::URxvt> perl module, which features a tabbed urxvt
		49	(murxvt) terminal as an example embedding application.
49		50
50	You can disable the perl extension completely by setting the	51	=head3 How do I know which rxvt-unicode version I'm using?
51	B<perl-ext-common> resource to the empty string, which also keeps
52	rxvt-unicode from initialising perl, saving memory.
53		52
54	If you only want to disable specific features, you first have to	53	The version number is displayed with the usage (-h). Also the escape
55	identify which perl extension is responsible. For this, read the section	54	sequence C<ESC [ 8 n> sets the window title to the version number. When
56	B<PREPACKAGED EXTENSIONS> in the @@RXVT_NAME@@perl(3) manpage. For	55	using the @@URXVT_NAME@@c client, the version displayed is that of the
57	example, to disable the B<selection-popup> and B<option-popup>, specify	56	daemon.
58	this B<perl-ext-common> resource:
59		57
60	URxvt.perl-ext-common: default,-selection-popup,-option-popup	58	=head3 Rxvt-unicode uses gobs of memory, how can I reduce that?
61		59
62	This will keep the default extensions, but disable the two popup	60	Rxvt-unicode tries to obey the rule of not charging you for something you
63	extensions. Some extensions can also be configured, for example,	61	don't use. One thing you should try is to configure out all settings that
64	scrollback search mode is triggered by B<M-s>. You can move it to any	62	you don't need, for example, Xft support is a resource hog by design,
65	other combination either by setting the B<searchable-scrollback> resource:	63	when used. Compiling it out ensures that no Xft font will be loaded
		64	accidentally when rxvt-unicode tries to find a font for your characters.
66		65
67	URxvt.searchable-scrollback: CM-s	66	Also, many people (me included) like large windows and even larger
		67	scrollback buffers: Without C<--enable-unicode3>, rxvt-unicode will use
		68	6 bytes per screen cell. For a 160x?? window this amounts to almost a
		69	kilobyte per line. A scrollback buffer of 10000 lines will then (if full)
		70	use 10 Megabytes of memory. With C<--enable-unicode3> it gets worse, as
		71	rxvt-unicode then uses 8 bytes per screen cell.
68		72
69	=item Why doesn't rxvt-unicode read my resources?	73	=head3 How can I start @@URXVT_NAME@@d in a race-free way?
70		74
71	Well, why, indeed? It does, in a way very similar to other X	75	Try C<@@URXVT_NAME@@d -f -o>, which tells @@URXVT_NAME@@d to open the
72	applications. Most importantly, this means that if you or your OS loads	76	display, create the listening socket and then fork.
73	resources into the X display (the right way to do it), rxvt-unicode will
74	ignore any resource files in your home directory. It will only read
75	F<$HOME/.Xdefaults> when no resources are attached to the display.
76		77
77	If you have or use an F<$HOME/.Xresources> file, chances are that	78	=head3 How can I start @@URXVT_NAME@@d automatically when I run @@URXVT_NAME@@c?
78	resources are loaded into your X-server. In this case, you have to
79	re-login after every change (or run F<xrdb -merge $HOME/.Xresources>).
80		79
81	Also consider the form resources have to use:	80	If you want to start @@URXVT_NAME@@d automatically whenever you run
		81	@@URXVT_NAME@@c and the daemon isn't running yet, use this script:
82		82
83	URxvt.resource: value	83	#!/bin/sh
		84	@@URXVT_NAME@@c "$@"
		85	if [ $? -eq 2 ]; then
		86	@@URXVT_NAME@@d -q -o -f
		87	@@URXVT_NAME@@c "$@"
		88	fi
84		89
85	If you want to use another form (there are lots of different ways of	90	This tries to create a new terminal, and if fails with exit status 2,
86	specifying resources), make sure you understand wether and why it	91	meaning it couldn't connect to the daemon, it will start the daemon and
87	works. If unsure, use the form above.	92	re-run the command. Subsequent invocations of the script will re-use the
		93	existing daemon.
88		94
89	=item I can't get transparency working, what am I doing wrong?	95	=head3 How do I distinguish whether I'm running rxvt-unicode or a regular xterm? I need this to decide about setting colors etc.
90		96
91	First of all, transparency isn't officially supported in rxvt-unicode, so	97	The original rxvt and rxvt-unicode always export the variable "COLORTERM",
92	you are mostly on your own. Do not bug the author about it (but you may	98	so you can check and see if that is set. Note that several programs, JED,
93	bug everybody else). Also, if you can't get it working consider it a rite	99	slrn, Midnight Commander automatically check this variable to decide
94	of passage, and you failed.	100	whether or not to use color.
95		101
96	Here are three ways to get transparency. B<Do> read the manpage and option	102	=head3 How do I set the correct, full IP address for the DISPLAY variable?
97	descriptions for the programs mentioned and rxvt-unicode. Really, do it!
98		103
99	1. Use inheritPixmap:	104	If you've compiled rxvt-unicode with DISPLAY_IS_IP and have enabled
		105	insecure mode then it is possible to use the following shell script
		106	snippets to correctly set the display. If your version of rxvt-unicode
		107	wasn't also compiled with ESCZ_ANSWER (as assumed in these snippets) then
		108	the COLORTERM variable can be used to distinguish rxvt-unicode from a
		109	regular xterm.
100		110
101	Esetroot wallpaper.jpg	111	Courtesy of Chuck Blake <cblake@BBN.COM> with the following shell script
102	@@RXVT_NAME@@ -ip -tint red -sh 40	112	snippets:
103		113
104	That works. If you think it doesn't, you lack transparency and tinting	114	# Bourne/Korn/POSIX family of shells:
105	support, or you are unable to read.	115	[ ${TERM:-foo} = foo ] && TERM=xterm # assume an xterm if we don't know
		116	if [ ${TERM:-foo} = xterm ]; then
		117	stty -icanon -echo min 0 time 15 # see if enhanced rxvt or not
		118	echo -n '^[Z'
		119	read term_id
		120	stty icanon echo
		121	if [ ""${term_id} = '^[[?1;2C' -a ${DISPLAY:-foo} = foo ]; then
		122	echo -n '^[[7n' # query the rxvt we are in for the DISPLAY string
		123	read DISPLAY # set it in our local shell
		124	fi
		125	fi
106		126
107	2. Use a simple pixmap and emulate pseudo-transparency. This enables you	127	=head3 How do I compile the manual pages on my own?
108	to use effects other than tinting and shading: Just shade/tint/whatever
109	your picture with gimp:
110		128
111	convert wallpaper.jpg -blur 20x20 -modulate 30 background.xpm	129	You need to have a recent version of perl installed as F</usr/bin/perl>,
112	@@RXVT_NAME@@ -pixmap background.xpm -pe automove-background	130	one that comes with F<pod2man>, F<pod2text> and F<pod2xhtml> (from
		131	F<Pod::Xhtml>). Then go to the doc subdirectory and enter C<make alldoc>.
113		132
114	That works. If you think it doesn't, you lack XPM and Perl support, or you
115	are unable to read.
116
117	3. Use an ARGB visual:
118
119	@@RXVT_NAME@@ -depth 432 -fg grey90 -bg rgba:0000/0000/0000/c000
120
121	This requires XFT support, and support form your X-server. If that doesn't
122	work for you, blame Xorg and Keith Packard. ARGB visuals aren't there yet,
123	no matter what they claim. Rxvt-Unicode contains the neccessary bugfixes
124	and workarounds for Xft and Xlib to make it work.
125
126	=item Isn't rxvt supposed to be small? Don't all those features bloat?	133	=head3 Isn't rxvt-unicode supposed to be small? Don't all those features bloat?
127		134
128	I often get asked about this, and I think, no, they didn't cause extra	135	I often get asked about this, and I think, no, they didn't cause extra
129	bloat. If you compare a minimal rxvt and a minimal urxvt, you can see	136	bloat. If you compare a minimal rxvt and a minimal urxvt, you can see
130	that the urxvt binary is larger (due to some encoding tables always being	137	that the urxvt binary is larger (due to some encoding tables always being
131	compiled in), but it actually uses less memory (RSS) after startup. Even	138	compiled in), but it actually uses less memory (RSS) after startup. Even
…		…
135		142
136	text data bss drs rss filename	143	text data bss drs rss filename
137	98398 1664 24 15695 1824 rxvt --disable-everything	144	98398 1664 24 15695 1824 rxvt --disable-everything
138	188985 9048 66616 18222 1788 urxvt --disable-everything	145	188985 9048 66616 18222 1788 urxvt --disable-everything
139		146
140	When you C<--enable-everything> (which _is_ unfair, as this involves xft	147	When you C<--enable-everything> (which I<is> unfair, as this involves xft
141	and full locale/XIM support which are quite bloaty inside libX11 and my	148	and full locale/XIM support which are quite bloaty inside libX11 and my
142	libc), the two diverge, but not unreasnobaly so.	149	libc), the two diverge, but not unreasonably so.
143		150
144	text data bss drs rss filename	151	text data bss drs rss filename
145	163431 2152 24 20123 2060 rxvt --enable-everything	152	163431 2152 24 20123 2060 rxvt --enable-everything
146	1035683 49680 66648 29096 3680 urxvt --enable-everything	153	1035683 49680 66648 29096 3680 urxvt --enable-everything
147		154
…		…
163	(21152k + extra 4204k in separate processes) or konsole (22200k + extra	170	(21152k + extra 4204k in separate processes) or konsole (22200k + extra
164	43180k in daemons that stay around after exit, plus half a minute of	171	43180k in daemons that stay around after exit, plus half a minute of
165	startup time, including the hundreds of warnings it spits out), it fares	172	startup time, including the hundreds of warnings it spits out), it fares
166	extremely well *g*.	173	extremely well *g*.
167		174
168	=item Why C++, isn't that unportable/bloated/uncool?	175	=head3 Why C++, isn't that unportable/bloated/uncool?
169		176
170	Is this a question? :) It comes up very often. The simple answer is: I had	177	Is this a question? :) It comes up very often. The simple answer is: I had
171	to write it, and C++ allowed me to write and maintain it in a fraction	178	to write it, and C++ allowed me to write and maintain it in a fraction
172	of the time and effort (which is a scarce resource for me). Put even	179	of the time and effort (which is a scarce resource for me). Put even
173	shorter: It simply wouldn't exist without C++.	180	shorter: It simply wouldn't exist without C++.
…		…
197	/lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (0x00002aaaaaaab000)	204	/lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (0x00002aaaaaaab000)
198		205
199	No large bloated libraries (of course, none were linked in statically),	206	No large bloated libraries (of course, none were linked in statically),
200	except maybe libX11 :)	207	except maybe libX11 :)
201		208
202	=item Does it support tabs, can I have a tabbed rxvt-unicode?
203		209
204	Beginning with version 7.3, there is a perl extension that implements a	210	=head2 Rendering, Font & Look and Feel Issues
205	simple tabbed terminal. It is installed by default, so any of these should
206	give you tabs:
207		211
208	@@RXVT_NAME@@ -pe tabbed	212	=head3 I can't get transparency working, what am I doing wrong?
209		213
		214	First of all, transparency isn't officially supported in rxvt-unicode, so
		215	you are mostly on your own. Do not bug the author about it (but you may
		216	bug everybody else). Also, if you can't get it working consider it a rite
		217	of passage: ... and you failed.
		218
		219	Here are four ways to get transparency. B<Do> read the manpage and option
		220	descriptions for the programs mentioned and rxvt-unicode. Really, do it!
		221
		222	1. Use inheritPixmap:
		223
		224	Esetroot wallpaper.jpg
		225	@@URXVT_NAME@@ -ip -tint red -sh 40
		226
		227	That works. If you think it doesn't, you lack transparency and tinting
		228	support, or you are unable to read.
		229
		230	2. Use a simple pixmap and emulate pseudo-transparency. This enables you
		231	to use effects other than tinting and shading: Just shade/tint/whatever
		232	your picture with gimp or any other tool:
		233
		234	convert wallpaper.jpg -blur 20x20 -modulate 30 background.xpm
		235	@@URXVT_NAME@@ -pixmap background.xpm -pe automove-background
		236
		237	That works. If you think it doesn't, you lack XPM and Perl support, or you
		238	are unable to read.
		239
		240	3. Use an ARGB visual:
		241
		242	@@URXVT_NAME@@ -depth 32 -fg grey90 -bg rgba:0000/0000/4444/cccc
		243
		244	This requires XFT support, and the support of your X-server. If that
		245	doesn't work for you, blame Xorg and Keith Packard. ARGB visuals aren't
		246	there yet, no matter what they claim. Rxvt-Unicode contains the necessary
		247	bugfixes and workarounds for Xft and Xlib to make it work, but that
		248	doesn't mean that your WM has the required kludges in place.
		249
		250	4. Use xcompmgr and let it do the job:
		251
		252	xprop -frame -f _NET_WM_WINDOW_OPACITY 32c \
		253	-set _NET_WM_WINDOW_OPACITY 0xc0000000
		254
		255	Then click on a window you want to make transparent. Replace C<0xc0000000>
		256	by other values to change the degree of opacity. If it doesn't work and
		257	your server crashes, you got to keep the pieces.
		258
		259	=head3 Why does rxvt-unicode sometimes leave pixel droppings?
		260
		261	Most fonts were not designed for terminal use, which means that character
		262	size varies a lot. A font that is otherwise fine for terminal use might
		263	contain some characters that are simply too wide. Rxvt-unicode will avoid
		264	these characters. For characters that are just "a bit" too wide a special
		265	"careful" rendering mode is used that redraws adjacent characters.
		266
		267	All of this requires that fonts do not lie about character sizes,
		268	however: Xft fonts often draw glyphs larger than their acclaimed bounding
		269	box, and rxvt-unicode has no way of detecting this (the correct way is to
		270	ask for the character bounding box, which unfortunately is wrong in these
		271	cases).
		272
		273	It's not clear (to me at least), whether this is a bug in Xft, freetype,
		274	or the respective font. If you encounter this problem you might try using
		275	the C<-lsp> option to give the font more height. If that doesn't work, you
		276	might be forced to use a different font.
		277
		278	All of this is not a problem when using X11 core fonts, as their bounding
		279	box data is correct.
		280
		281	=head3 How can I keep rxvt-unicode from using reverse video so much?
		282
		283	First of all, make sure you are running with the right terminal settings
		284	(C<TERM=rxvt-unicode>), which will get rid of most of these effects. Then
		285	make sure you have specified colours for italic and bold, as otherwise
		286	rxvt-unicode might use reverse video to simulate the effect:
		287
		288	URxvt.colorBD: white
		289	URxvt.colorIT: green
		290
		291	=head3 Some programs assume totally weird colours (red instead of blue), how can I fix that?
		292
		293	For some unexplainable reason, some rare programs assume a very weird
		294	colour palette when confronted with a terminal with more than the standard
		295	8 colours (rxvt-unicode supports 88). The right fix is, of course, to fix
		296	these programs not to assume non-ISO colours without very good reasons.
		297
		298	In the meantime, you can either edit your C<rxvt-unicode> terminfo
		299	definition to only claim 8 colour support or use C<TERM=rxvt>, which will
		300	fix colours but keep you from using other rxvt-unicode features.
		301
		302	=head3 Can I switch the fonts at runtime?
		303
		304	Yes, using an escape sequence. Try something like this, which has the same
		305	effect as using the C<-fn> switch, and takes effect immediately:
		306
		307	printf '\33]50;%s\007' "9x15bold,xft:Kochi Gothic"
		308
		309	This is useful if you e.g. work primarily with japanese (and prefer a
		310	japanese font), but you have to switch to chinese temporarily, where
		311	japanese fonts would only be in your way.
		312
		313	You can think of this as a kind of manual ISO-2022 switching.
		314
		315	=head3 Why do italic characters look as if clipped?
		316
		317	Many fonts have difficulties with italic characters and hinting. For
		318	example, the otherwise very nicely hinted font C<xft:Bitstream Vera Sans
		319	Mono> completely fails in its italic face. A workaround might be to
		320	enable freetype autohinting, i.e. like this:
		321
		322	URxvt.italicFont: xft:Bitstream Vera Sans Mono:italic:autohint=true
		323	URxvt.boldItalicFont: xft:Bitstream Vera Sans Mono:bold:italic:autohint=true
		324
		325	=head3 Can I speed up Xft rendering somehow?
		326
		327	Yes, the most obvious way to speed it up is to avoid Xft entirely, as
		328	it is simply slow. If you still want Xft fonts you might try to disable
		329	antialiasing (by appending C<:antialias=false>), which saves lots of
		330	memory and also speeds up rendering considerably.
		331
		332	=head3 Rxvt-unicode doesn't seem to anti-alias its fonts, what is wrong?
		333
		334	Rxvt-unicode will use whatever you specify as a font. If it needs to
		335	fall back to its default font search list it will prefer X11 core
		336	fonts, because they are small and fast, and then use Xft fonts. It has
		337	antialiasing disabled for most of them, because the author thinks they
		338	look best that way.
		339
		340	If you want antialiasing, you have to specify the fonts manually.
		341
		342	=head3 What's with this bold/blink stuff?
		343
		344	If no bold colour is set via C<colorBD:>, bold will invert text using the
		345	standard foreground colour.
		346
		347	For the standard background colour, blinking will actually make the
		348	text blink when compiled with C<--enable-blinking>. with standard
		349	colours. Without C<--enable-blinking>, the blink attribute will be
		350	ignored.
		351
		352	On ANSI colours, bold/blink attributes are used to set high-intensity
		353	foreground/background colors.
		354
		355	color0-7 are the low-intensity colors.
		356
		357	color8-15 are the corresponding high-intensity colors.
		358
		359	=head3 I don't like the screen colors. How do I change them?
		360
		361	You can change the screen colors at run-time using F<~/.Xdefaults>
		362	resources (or as long-options).
		363
		364	Here are values that are supposed to resemble a VGA screen,
		365	including the murky brown that passes for low-intensity yellow:
		366
		367	URxvt.color0: #000000
		368	URxvt.color1: #A80000
		369	URxvt.color2: #00A800
		370	URxvt.color3: #A8A800
		371	URxvt.color4: #0000A8
		372	URxvt.color5: #A800A8
		373	URxvt.color6: #00A8A8
		374	URxvt.color7: #A8A8A8
		375
		376	URxvt.color8: #000054
		377	URxvt.color9: #FF0054
		378	URxvt.color10: #00FF54
		379	URxvt.color11: #FFFF54
		380	URxvt.color12: #0000FF
		381	URxvt.color13: #FF00FF
		382	URxvt.color14: #00FFFF
		383	URxvt.color15: #FFFFFF
		384
		385	And here is a more complete set of non-standard colors.
		386
		387	URxvt.cursorColor: #dc74d1
		388	URxvt.pointerColor: #dc74d1
		389	URxvt.background: #0e0e0e
		390	URxvt.foreground: #4ad5e1
		391	URxvt.color0: #000000
		392	URxvt.color8: #8b8f93
		393	URxvt.color1: #dc74d1
		394	URxvt.color9: #dc74d1
		395	URxvt.color2: #0eb8c7
		396	URxvt.color10: #0eb8c7
		397	URxvt.color3: #dfe37e
		398	URxvt.color11: #dfe37e
		399	URxvt.color5: #9e88f0
		400	URxvt.color13: #9e88f0
		401	URxvt.color6: #73f7ff
		402	URxvt.color14: #73f7ff
		403	URxvt.color7: #e1dddd
		404	URxvt.color15: #e1dddd
		405
		406	They have been described (not by me) as "pretty girly".
		407
		408	=head3 Why do some characters look so much different than others?
		409
		410	See next entry.
		411
		412	=head3 How does rxvt-unicode choose fonts?
		413
		414	Most fonts do not contain the full range of Unicode, which is
		415	fine. Chances are that the font you (or the admin/package maintainer of
		416	your system/os) have specified does not cover all the characters you want
		417	to display.
		418
		419	B<rxvt-unicode> makes a best-effort try at finding a replacement
		420	font. Often the result is fine, but sometimes the chosen font looks
		421	bad/ugly/wrong. Some fonts have totally strange characters that don't
		422	resemble the correct glyph at all, and rxvt-unicode lacks the artificial
		423	intelligence to detect that a specific glyph is wrong: it has to believe
		424	the font that the characters it claims to contain indeed look correct.
		425
		426	In that case, select a font of your taste and add it to the font list,
		427	e.g.:
		428
		429	@@URXVT_NAME@@ -fn basefont,font2,font3...
		430
		431	When rxvt-unicode sees a character, it will first look at the base
		432	font. If the base font does not contain the character, it will go to the
		433	next font, and so on. Specifying your own fonts will also speed up this
		434	search and use less resources within rxvt-unicode and the X-server.
		435
		436	The only limitation is that none of the fonts may be larger than the base
		437	font, as the base font defines the terminal character cell size, which
		438	must be the same due to the way terminals work.
		439
		440	=head3 Why do some chinese characters look so different than others?
		441
		442	This is because there is a difference between script and language --
		443	rxvt-unicode does not know which language the text that is output is,
		444	as it only knows the unicode character codes. If rxvt-unicode first
		445	sees a japanese/chinese character, it might choose a japanese font for
		446	display. Subsequent japanese characters will use that font. Now, many
		447	chinese characters aren't represented in japanese fonts, so when the first
		448	non-japanese character comes up, rxvt-unicode will look for a chinese font
		449	-- unfortunately at this point, it will still use the japanese font for
		450	chinese characters that are also in the japanese font.
		451
		452	The workaround is easy: just tag a chinese font at the end of your font
		453	list (see the previous question). The key is to view the font list as
		454	a preference list: If you expect more japanese, list a japanese font
		455	first. If you expect more chinese, put a chinese font first.
		456
		457	In the future it might be possible to switch language preferences at
		458	runtime (the internal data structure has no problem with using different
		459	fonts for the same character at the same time, but no interface for this
		460	has been designed yet).
		461
		462	Until then, you might get away with switching fonts at runtime (see L<Can
		463	I switch the fonts at runtime?> later in this document).
		464
		465	=head2 Keyboard, Mouse & User Interaction
		466
		467	=head3 The new selection selects pieces that are too big, how can I select single words?
		468
		469	If you want to select e.g. alphanumeric words, you can use the following
		470	setting:
		471
		472	URxvt.selection.pattern-0: ([[:word:]]+)
		473
		474	If you click more than twice, the selection will be extended
		475	more and more.
		476
		477	To get a selection that is very similar to the old code, try this pattern:
		478
		479	URxvt.selection.pattern-0: ([^"&'()*,;<=>?@[\\\\]^`{|})]+)
		480
		481	Please also note that the I<LeftClick Shift-LeftClik> combination also
		482	selects words like the old code.
		483
		484	=head3 I don't like the new selection/popups/hotkeys/perl, how do I change/disable it?
		485
		486	You can disable the perl extension completely by setting the
		487	B<perl-ext-common> resource to the empty string, which also keeps
		488	rxvt-unicode from initialising perl, saving memory.
		489
		490	If you only want to disable specific features, you first have to
		491	identify which perl extension is responsible. For this, read the section
		492	B<PREPACKAGED EXTENSIONS> in the @@URXVT_NAME@@perl(3) manpage. For
		493	example, to disable the B<selection-popup> and B<option-popup>, specify
		494	this B<perl-ext-common> resource:
		495
		496	URxvt.perl-ext-common: default,-selection-popup,-option-popup
		497
		498	This will keep the default extensions, but disable the two popup
		499	extensions. Some extensions can also be configured, for example,
		500	scrollback search mode is triggered by B<M-s>. You can move it to any
		501	other combination either by setting the B<searchable-scrollback> resource:
		502
		503	URxvt.searchable-scrollback: CM-s
		504
		505	=head3 The cursor moves when selecting text in the current input line, how do I switch this off?
		506
		507	See next entry.
		508
		509	=head3 During rlogin/ssh/telnet/etc. sessions, clicking near the cursor outputs strange escape sequences, how do I fix this?
		510
		511	These are caused by the C<readline> perl extension. Under normal
		512	circumstances, it will move your cursor around when you click into the
		513	line that contains it. It tries hard not to do this at the wrong moment,
		514	but when running a program that doesn't parse cursor movements or in some
		515	cases during rlogin sessions, it fails to detect this properly.
		516
		517	You can permanently switch this feature off by disabling the C<readline>
		518	extension:
		519
210	URxvt.perl-ext-common: default,tabbed	520	URxvt.perl-ext-common: default,-readline
211		521
212	It will also work fine with tabbing functionality of many window managers	522	=head3 My numerical keypad acts weird and generates differing output?
213	or similar tabbing programs, and its embedding-features allow it to be
214	embedded into other programs, as witnessed by F<doc/rxvt-tabbed> or
215	the upcoming C<Gtk2::URxvt> perl module, which features a tabbed urxvt
216	(murxvt) terminal as an example embedding application.
217		523
218	=item How do I know which rxvt-unicode version I'm using?	524	Some Debian GNUL/Linux users seem to have this problem, although no
		525	specific details were reported so far. It is possible that this is caused
		526	by the wrong C<TERM> setting, although the details of whether and how
		527	this can happen are unknown, as C<TERM=rxvt> should offer a compatible
		528	keymap. See the answer to the previous question, and please report if that
		529	helped.
219		530
220	The version number is displayed with the usage (-h). Also the escape	531	=head3 My Compose (Multi_key) key is no longer working.
221	sequence C<ESC [ 8 n> sets the window title to the version number. When
222	using the @@RXVT_NAME@@c client, the version displayed is that of the
223	daemon.
224		532
225	=item I am using Debian GNU/Linux and have a problem...	533	The most common causes for this are that either your locale is not set
		534	correctly, or you specified a B<preeditStyle> that is not supported by
		535	your input method. For example, if you specified B<OverTheSpot> and
		536	your input method (e.g. the default input method handling Compose keys)
		537	does not support this (for instance because it is not visual), then
		538	rxvt-unicode will continue without an input method.
226		539
227	The Debian GNU/Linux package of rxvt-unicode in sarge contains large	540	In this case either do not specify a B<preeditStyle> or specify more than
228	patches that considerably change the behaviour of rxvt-unicode (but	541	one pre-edit style, such as B<OverTheSpot,Root,None>.
229	unfortunately this notice has been removed). Before reporting a bug to
230	the original rxvt-unicode author please download and install the genuine
231	version (L<http://software.schmorp.de#rxvt-unicode>) and try to reproduce
232	the problem. If you cannot, chances are that the problems are specific to
233	Debian GNU/Linux, in which case it should be reported via the Debian Bug
234	Tracking System (use C<reportbug> to report the bug).
235		542
236	For other problems that also affect the Debian package, you can and	543	=head3 I cannot type C<Ctrl-Shift-2> to get an ASCII NUL character due to ISO 14755
237	probably should use the Debian BTS, too, because, after all, it's also a
238	bug in the Debian version and it serves as a reminder for other users that
239	might encounter the same issue.
240		544
241	=item I am maintaining rxvt-unicode for distribution/OS XXX, any	545	Either try C<Ctrl-2> alone (it often is mapped to ASCII NUL even on
242	recommendation?	546	international keyboards) or simply use ISO 14755 support to your
		547	advantage, typing <Ctrl-Shift-0> to get a ASCII NUL. This works for other
		548	codes, too, such as C<Ctrl-Shift-1-d> to type the default telnet escape
		549	character and so on.
243		550
244	You should build one binary with the default options. F<configure>	551	=head3 Mouse cut/paste suddenly no longer works.
245	now enables most useful options, and the trend goes to making them
246	runtime-switchable, too, so there is usually no drawback to enbaling them,
247	except higher disk and possibly memory usage. The perl interpreter should
248	be enabled, as important functionality (menus, selection, likely more in
249	the future) depends on it.
250		552
251	You should not overwrite the C<perl-ext-common> snd C<perl-ext> resources	553	Make sure that mouse reporting is actually turned off since killing
252	system-wide (except maybe with C<defaults>). This will result in useful	554	some editors prematurely may leave the mouse in mouse report mode. I've
253	behaviour. If your distribution aims at low memory, add an empty	555	heard that tcsh may use mouse reporting unless it otherwise specified. A
254	C<perl-ext-common> resource to the app-defaults file. This will keep the	556	quick check is to see if cut/paste works when the Alt or Shift keys are
255	perl interpreter disabled until the user enables it.	557	depressed.
256		558
257	If you can/want build more binaries, I recommend building a minimal	559	=head3 What's with the strange Backspace/Delete key behaviour?
258	one with C<--disable-everything> (very useful) and a maximal one with
259	C<--enable-everything> (less useful, it will be very big due to a lot of
260	encodings built-in that increase download times and are rarely used).
261		560
262	=item I need to make it setuid/setgid to support utmp/ptys on my OS, is this safe?	561	Assuming that the physical Backspace key corresponds to the
		562	Backspace keysym (not likely for Linux ... see the following
		563	question) there are two standard values that can be used for
		564	Backspace: C<^H> and C<^?>.
263		565
264	It should be, starting with release 7.1. You are encouraged to properly	566	Historically, either value is correct, but rxvt-unicode adopts the debian
265	install urxvt with privileges necessary for your OS now.	567	policy of using C<^?> when unsure, because it's the one and only correct
		568	choice :).
266		569
267	When rxvt-unicode detects that it runs setuid or setgid, it will fork	570	Rxvt-unicode tries to inherit the current stty settings and uses the value
268	into a helper process for privileged operations (pty handling on some	571	of `erase' to guess the value for backspace. If rxvt-unicode wasn't
269	systems, utmp/wtmp/lastlog handling on others) and drop privileges	572	started from a terminal (say, from a menu or by remote shell), then the
270	immediately. This is much safer than most other terminals that keep	573	system value of `erase', which corresponds to CERASE in <termios.h>, will
271	privileges while running (but is more relevant to urxvt, as it contains	574	be used (which may not be the same as your stty setting).
272	things as perl interpreters, which might be "helpful" to attackers).
273		575
274	This forking is done as the very first within main(), which is very early	576	For starting a new rxvt-unicode:
275	and reduces possible bugs to initialisation code run before main(), or
276	things like the dynamic loader of your system, which should result in very
277	little risk.
278		577
		578	# use Backspace = ^H
		579	$ stty erase ^H
		580	$ @@URXVT_NAME@@
		581
		582	# use Backspace = ^?
		583	$ stty erase ^?
		584	$ @@URXVT_NAME@@
		585
		586	Toggle with C<ESC [ 36 h> / C<ESC [ 36 l>.
		587
		588	For an existing rxvt-unicode:
		589
		590	# use Backspace = ^H
		591	$ stty erase ^H
		592	$ echo -n "^[[36h"
		593
		594	# use Backspace = ^?
		595	$ stty erase ^?
		596	$ echo -n "^[[36l"
		597
		598	This helps satisfy some of the Backspace discrepancies that occur, but
		599	if you use Backspace = C<^H>, make sure that the termcap/terminfo value
		600	properly reflects that.
		601
		602	The Delete key is a another casualty of the ill-defined Backspace problem.
		603	To avoid confusion between the Backspace and Delete keys, the Delete
		604	key has been assigned an escape sequence to match the vt100 for Execute
		605	(C<ESC [ 3 ~>) and is in the supplied termcap/terminfo.
		606
		607	Some other Backspace problems:
		608
		609	some editors use termcap/terminfo,
		610	some editors (vim I'm told) expect Backspace = ^H,
		611	GNU Emacs (and Emacs-like editors) use ^H for help.
		612
		613	Perhaps someday this will all be resolved in a consistent manner.
		614
		615	=head3 I don't like the key-bindings. How do I change them?
		616
		617	There are some compile-time selections available via configure. Unless
		618	you have run "configure" with the C<--disable-resources> option you can
		619	use the `keysym' resource to alter the keystrings associated with keysyms.
		620
		621	Here's an example for a URxvt session started using C<@@URXVT_NAME@@ -name URxvt>
		622
		623	URxvt.keysym.Home: \033[1~
		624	URxvt.keysym.End: \033[4~
		625	URxvt.keysym.C-apostrophe: \033<C-'>
		626	URxvt.keysym.C-slash: \033<C-/>
		627	URxvt.keysym.C-semicolon: \033<C-;>
		628	URxvt.keysym.C-grave: \033<C-`>
		629	URxvt.keysym.C-comma: \033<C-,>
		630	URxvt.keysym.C-period: \033<C-.>
		631	URxvt.keysym.C-0x60: \033<C-`>
		632	URxvt.keysym.C-Tab: \033<C-Tab>
		633	URxvt.keysym.C-Return: \033<C-Return>
		634	URxvt.keysym.S-Return: \033<S-Return>
		635	URxvt.keysym.S-space: \033<S-Space>
		636	URxvt.keysym.M-Up: \033<M-Up>
		637	URxvt.keysym.M-Down: \033<M-Down>
		638	URxvt.keysym.M-Left: \033<M-Left>
		639	URxvt.keysym.M-Right: \033<M-Right>
		640	URxvt.keysym.M-C-0: list \033<M-C- 0123456789 >
		641	URxvt.keysym.M-C-a: list \033<M-C- abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz >
		642	URxvt.keysym.F12: command:\033]701;zh_CN.GBK\007
		643
		644	See some more examples in the documentation for the B<keysym> resource.
		645
		646	=head3 I'm using keyboard model XXX that has extra Prior/Next/Insert keys. How do I make use of them? For example, the Sun Keyboard type 4 has the following map
		647
		648	KP_Insert == Insert
		649	F22 == Print
		650	F27 == Home
		651	F29 == Prior
		652	F33 == End
		653	F35 == Next
		654
		655	Rather than have rxvt-unicode try to accommodate all the various possible
		656	keyboard mappings, it is better to use `xmodmap' to remap the keys as
		657	required for your particular machine.
		658
		659
		660
		661	=head2 Terminal Configuration
		662
		663	=head3 Can I see a typical configuration?
		664
		665	The default configuration tries to be xterm-like, which I don't like that
		666	much, but it's least surprise to regular users.
		667
		668	As a rxvt or rxvt-unicode user, you are practically supposed to invest
		669	time into customising your terminal. To get you started, here is the
		670	author's .Xdefaults entries, with comments on what they do. It's certainly
		671	not I<typical>, but what's typical...
		672
		673	URxvt.cutchars: "()*,<>[]{}|'
		674	URxvt.print-pipe: cat >/tmp/xxx
		675
		676	These are just for testing stuff.
		677
		678	URxvt.imLocale: ja_JP.UTF-8
		679	URxvt.preeditType: OnTheSpot,None
		680
		681	This tells rxvt-unicode to use a special locale when communicating with
		682	the X Input Method, and also tells it to only use the OnTheSpot pre-edit
		683	type, which requires the C<xim-onthespot> perl extension but rewards me
		684	with correct-looking fonts.
		685
		686	URxvt.perl-lib: /root/lib/urxvt
		687	URxvt.perl-ext-common: default,selection-autotransform,selection-pastebin,xim-onthespot,remote-clipboard
		688	URxvt.selection.pattern-0: ( at .*? line \\d+)
		689	URxvt.selection.pattern-1: ^(/[^:]+):\
		690	URxvt.selection-autotransform.0: s/^([^:[:space:]]+):(\\d+):?$/:e \\Q$1\\E\\x0d:$2\\x0d/
		691	URxvt.selection-autotransform.1: s/^ at (.*?) line (\\d+)$/:e \\Q$1\\E\\x0d:$2\\x0d/
		692
		693	This is my perl configuration. The first two set the perl library
		694	directory and also tells urxvt to use a large number of extensions. I
		695	develop for myself mostly, so I actually use most of the extensions I
		696	write.
		697
		698	The selection stuff mainly makes the selection perl-error-message aware
		699	and tells it to convert perl error messages into vi-commands to load the
		700	relevant file and go tot he error line number.
		701
		702	URxvt.scrollstyle: plain
		703	URxvt.secondaryScroll: true
		704
		705	As the documentation says: plain is the preferred scrollbar for the
		706	author. The C<secondaryScroll> configures urxvt to scroll in full-screen
		707	apps, like screen, so lines scrolled out of screen end up in urxvt's
		708	scrollback buffer.
		709
		710	URxvt.background: #000000
		711	URxvt.foreground: gray90
		712	URxvt.color7: gray90
		713	URxvt.colorBD: #ffffff
		714	URxvt.cursorColor: #e0e080
		715	URxvt.throughColor: #8080f0
		716	URxvt.highlightColor: #f0f0f0
		717
		718	Some colours. Not sure which ones are being used or even non-defaults, but
		719	these are in my .Xdefaults. Most notably, they set foreground/background
		720	to light gray/black, and also make sure that the colour 7 matches the
		721	default foreground colour.
		722
		723	URxvt.underlineColor: yellow
		724
		725	Another colour, makes underline lines look different. Sometimes hurts, but
		726	is mostly a nice effect.
		727
		728	URxvt.geometry: 154x36
		729	URxvt.loginShell: false
		730	URxvt.meta: ignore
		731	URxvt.utmpInhibit: true
		732
		733	Uh, well, should be mostly self-explanatory. By specifying some defaults
		734	manually, I can quickly switch them for testing.
		735
		736	URxvt.saveLines: 8192
		737
		738	A large scrollback buffer is essential. Really.
		739
		740	URxvt.mapAlert: true
		741
		742	The only case I use it is for my IRC window, which I like to keep
		743	iconified till people msg me (which beeps).
		744
		745	URxvt.visualBell: true
		746
		747	The audible bell is often annoying, especially when in a crowd.
		748
		749	URxvt.insecure: true
		750
		751	Please don't hack my mutt! Ooops...
		752
		753	URxvt.pastableTabs: false
		754
		755	I once thought this is a great idea.
		756
		757	urxvt.font: 9x15bold,\
		758	-misc-fixed-bold-r-normal--15-140-75-75-c-90-iso10646-1,\
		759	-misc-fixed-medium-r-normal--15-140-75-75-c-90-iso10646-1, \
		760	[codeset=JISX0208]xft:Kochi Gothic, \
		761	xft:Bitstream Vera Sans Mono:autohint=true, \
		762	xft:Code2000:antialias=false
		763	urxvt.boldFont: -xos4-terminus-bold-r-normal--14-140-72-72-c-80-iso8859-15
		764	urxvt.italicFont: xft:Bitstream Vera Sans Mono:italic:autohint=true
		765	urxvt.boldItalicFont: xft:Bitstream Vera Sans Mono:bold:italic:autohint=true
		766
		767	I wrote rxvt-unicode to be able to specify fonts exactly. So don't be
		768	overwhelmed. A special note: the C<9x15bold> mentioned above is actually
		769	the version from XFree-3.3, as XFree-4 replaced it by a totally different
		770	font (different glyphs for C<;> and many other harmless characters),
		771	while the second font is actually the C<9x15bold> from XFree4/XOrg. The
		772	bold version has less chars than the medium version, so I use it for rare
		773	characters, too. When editing sources with vim, I use italic for comments
		774	and other stuff, which looks quite good with Bitstream Vera anti-aliased.
		775
		776	Terminus is a quite bad font (many very wrong glyphs), but for most of my
		777	purposes, it works, and gives a different look, as my normal (Non-bold)
		778	font is already bold, and I want to see a difference between bold and
		779	normal fonts.
		780
		781	Please note that I used the C<urxvt> instance name and not the C<URxvt>
		782	class name. Thats because I use different configs for different purposes,
		783	for example, my IRC window is started with C<-name IRC>, and uses these
		784	defaults:
		785
		786	IRC*title: IRC
		787	IRC*geometry: 87x12+535+542
		788	IRC*saveLines: 0
		789	IRC*mapAlert: true
		790	IRC*font: suxuseuro
		791	IRC*boldFont: suxuseuro
		792	IRC*colorBD: white
		793	IRC*keysym.M-C-1: command:\033]710;suxuseuro\007\033]711;suxuseuro\007
		794	IRC*keysym.M-C-2: command:\033]710;9x15bold\007\033]711;9x15bold\007
		795
		796	C<Alt-Shift-1> and C<Alt-Shift-2> switch between two different font
		797	sizes. C<suxuseuro> allows me to keep an eye (and actually read)
		798	stuff while keeping a very small window. If somebody pastes something
		799	complicated (e.g. japanese), I temporarily switch to a larger font.
		800
		801	The above is all in my C<.Xdefaults> (I don't use C<.Xresources> nor
		802	C<xrdb>). I also have some resources in a separate C<.Xdefaults-hostname>
		803	file for different hosts, for example, on ym main desktop, I use:
		804
		805	URxvt.keysym.C-M-q: command:\033[3;5;5t
		806	URxvt.keysym.C-M-y: command:\033[3;5;606t
		807	URxvt.keysym.C-M-e: command:\033[3;1605;5t
		808	URxvt.keysym.C-M-c: command:\033[3;1605;606t
		809	URxvt.keysym.C-M-p: perl:test
		810
		811	The first for keysym definitions allow me to quickly bring some windows
		812	in the layout I like most. Ion users might start laughing but will stop
		813	immediately when I tell them that I use my own Fvwm2 module for much the
		814	same effect as Ion provides, and I only very rarely use the above key
		815	combinations :->
		816
		817	=head3 Why doesn't rxvt-unicode read my resources?
		818
		819	Well, why, indeed? It does, in a way very similar to other X
		820	applications. Most importantly, this means that if you or your OS loads
		821	resources into the X display (the right way to do it), rxvt-unicode will
		822	ignore any resource files in your home directory. It will only read
		823	F<$HOME/.Xdefaults> when no resources are attached to the display.
		824
		825	If you have or use an F<$HOME/.Xresources> file, chances are that
		826	resources are loaded into your X-server. In this case, you have to
		827	re-login after every change (or run F<xrdb -merge $HOME/.Xresources>).
		828
		829	Also consider the form resources have to use:
		830
		831	URxvt.resource: value
		832
		833	If you want to use another form (there are lots of different ways of
		834	specifying resources), make sure you understand whether and why it
		835	works. If unsure, use the form above.
		836
279	=item When I log-in to another system it tells me about missing terminfo data?	837	=head3 When I log-in to another system it tells me about missing terminfo data?
280		838
281	The terminal description used by rxvt-unicode is not as widely available	839	The terminal description used by rxvt-unicode is not as widely available
282	as that for xterm, or even rxvt (for which the same problem often arises).	840	as that for xterm, or even rxvt (for which the same problem often arises).
283		841
284	The correct solution for this problem is to install the terminfo, this can	842	The correct solution for this problem is to install the terminfo, this can
285	be done like this (with ncurses' infocmp):	843	be done like this (with ncurses' infocmp and works as user and admin):
286		844
287	REMOTE=remotesystem.domain	845	REMOTE=remotesystem.domain
288	infocmp rxvt-unicode | ssh $REMOTE "cat >/tmp/ti && tic /tmp/ti"	846	infocmp rxvt-unicode | ssh $REMOTE "mkdir -p .terminfo && cat >/tmp/ti && tic /tmp/ti"
289		847
290	... or by installing rxvt-unicode normally on the remote system,	848	... or by installing rxvt-unicode normally on the remote system,
		849
		850	One some systems you might need to set C<$TERMINFO> to the full path of
		851	F<$HOME/.terminfo> for this to work.
291		852
292	If you cannot or do not want to do this, then you can simply set	853	If you cannot or do not want to do this, then you can simply set
293	C<TERM=rxvt> or even C<TERM=xterm>, and live with the small number of	854	C<TERM=rxvt> or even C<TERM=xterm>, and live with the small number of
294	problems arising, which includes wrong keymapping, less and different	855	problems arising, which includes wrong keymapping, less and different
295	colours and some refresh errors in fullscreen applications. It's a nice	856	colours and some refresh errors in fullscreen applications. It's a nice
…		…
300	resource to set it:	861	resource to set it:
301		862
302	URxvt.termName: rxvt	863	URxvt.termName: rxvt
303		864
304	If you don't plan to use B<rxvt> (quite common...) you could also replace	865	If you don't plan to use B<rxvt> (quite common...) you could also replace
305	the rxvt terminfo file with the rxvt-unicode one.	866	the rxvt terminfo file with the rxvt-unicode one and use C<TERM=rxvt>.
306		867
307	=item C<tic> outputs some error when compiling the terminfo entry.	868	=head3 C<tic> outputs some error when compiling the terminfo entry.
308		869
309	Most likely it's the empty definition for C<enacs=>. Just replace it by	870	Most likely it's the empty definition for C<enacs=>. Just replace it by
310	C<enacs=\E[0@> and try again.	871	C<enacs=\E[0@> and try again.
311		872
312	=item C<bash>'s readline does not work correctly under @@RXVT_NAME@@.	873	=head3 C<bash>'s readline does not work correctly under @@URXVT_NAME@@.
313		874
		875	See next entry.
		876
314	=item I need a termcap file entry.	877	=head3 I need a termcap file entry.
315		878
316	One reason you might want this is that some distributions or operating	879	One reason you might want this is that some distributions or operating
317	systems still compile some programs using the long-obsoleted termcap	880	systems still compile some programs using the long-obsoleted termcap
318	library (Fedora Core's bash is one example) and rely on a termcap entry	881	library (Fedora Core's bash is one example) and rely on a termcap entry
319	for C<rxvt-unicode>.	882	for C<rxvt-unicode>.
320		883
321	You could use rxvt's termcap entry with resonable results in many cases.	884	You could use rxvt's termcap entry with reasonable results in many cases.
322	You can also create a termcap entry by using terminfo's infocmp program	885	You can also create a termcap entry by using terminfo's infocmp program
323	like this:	886	like this:
324		887
325	infocmp -C rxvt-unicode	888	infocmp -C rxvt-unicode
326		889
…		…
345	:sc=\E7:se=\E[27m:sf=^J:so=\E[7m:sr=\EM:st=\EH:ta=^I:\	908	:sc=\E7:se=\E[27m:sf=^J:so=\E[7m:sr=\EM:st=\EH:ta=^I:\
346	:te=\E[r\E[?1049l:ti=\E[?1049h:ue=\E[24m:up=\E[A:\	909	:te=\E[r\E[?1049l:ti=\E[?1049h:ue=\E[24m:up=\E[A:\
347	:us=\E[4m:vb=\E[?5h\E[?5l:ve=\E[?25h:vi=\E[?25l:\	910	:us=\E[4m:vb=\E[?5h\E[?5l:ve=\E[?25h:vi=\E[?25l:\
348	:vs=\E[?25h:	911	:vs=\E[?25h:
349		912
350	=item Why does C<ls> no longer have coloured output?	913	=head3 Why does C<ls> no longer have coloured output?
351		914
352	The C<ls> in the GNU coreutils unfortunately doesn't use terminfo to	915	The C<ls> in the GNU coreutils unfortunately doesn't use terminfo to
353	decide wether a terminal has colour, but uses it's own configuration	916	decide whether a terminal has colour, but uses its own configuration
354	file. Needless to say, C<rxvt-unicode> is not in it's default file (among	917	file. Needless to say, C<rxvt-unicode> is not in its default file (among
355	with most other terminals supporting colour). Either add:	918	with most other terminals supporting colour). Either add:
356		919
357	TERM rxvt-unicode	920	TERM rxvt-unicode
358		921
359	to C</etc/DIR_COLORS> or simply add:	922	to C</etc/DIR_COLORS> or simply add:
360		923
361	alias ls='ls --color=auto'	924	alias ls='ls --color=auto'
362		925
363	to your C<.profile> or C<.bashrc>.	926	to your C<.profile> or C<.bashrc>.
364		927
365	=item Why doesn't vim/emacs etc. use the 88 colour mode?	928	=head3 Why doesn't vim/emacs etc. use the 88 colour mode?
366		929
		930	See next entry.
		931
367	=item Why doesn't vim/emacs etc. make use of italic?	932	=head3 Why doesn't vim/emacs etc. make use of italic?
368		933
		934	See next entry.
		935
369	=item Why are the secondary screen-related options not working properly?	936	=head3 Why are the secondary screen-related options not working properly?
370		937
371	Make sure you are using C<TERM=rxvt-unicode>. Some pre-packaged	938	Make sure you are using C<TERM=rxvt-unicode>. Some pre-packaged
372	distributions (most notably Debian GNU/Linux) break rxvt-unicode	939	distributions (most notably Debian GNU/Linux) break rxvt-unicode
373	by setting C<TERM> to C<rxvt>, which doesn't have these extra	940	by setting C<TERM> to C<rxvt>, which doesn't have these extra
374	features. Unfortunately, some of these (most notably, again, Debian	941	features. Unfortunately, some of these (most notably, again, Debian
375	GNU/Linux) furthermore fail to even install the C<rxvt-unicode> terminfo	942	GNU/Linux) furthermore fail to even install the C<rxvt-unicode> terminfo
376	file, so you will need to install it on your own (See the question B<When	943	file, so you will need to install it on your own (See the question B<When
377	I log-in to another system it tells me about missing terminfo data?> on	944	I log-in to another system it tells me about missing terminfo data?> on
378	how to do this).	945	how to do this).
379		946
380	=item My numerical keypad acts weird and generates differing output?
381		947
382	Some Debian GNUL/Linux users seem to have this problem, although no	948	=head2 Encoding / Locale / Input Method Issues
383	specific details were reported so far. It is possible that this is caused
384	by the wrong C<TERM> setting, although the details of wether and how
385	this can happen are unknown, as C<TERM=rxvt> should offer a compatible
386	keymap. See the answer to the previous question, and please report if that
387	helped.
388		949
389	=item Rxvt-unicode does not seem to understand the selected encoding?	950	=head3 Rxvt-unicode does not seem to understand the selected encoding?
390		951
		952	See next entry.
		953
391	=item Unicode does not seem to work?	954	=head3 Unicode does not seem to work?
392		955
393	If you encounter strange problems like typing an accented character but	956	If you encounter strange problems like typing an accented character but
394	getting two unrelated other characters or similar, or if program output is	957	getting two unrelated other characters or similar, or if program output is
395	subtly garbled, then you should check your locale settings.	958	subtly garbled, then you should check your locale settings.
396		959
397	Rxvt-unicode must be started with the same C<LC_CTYPE> setting as the	960	Rxvt-unicode must be started with the same C<LC_CTYPE> setting as the
398	programs. Often rxvt-unicode is started in the C<C> locale, while the	961	programs running in it. Often rxvt-unicode is started in the C<C> locale,
399	login script running within the rxvt-unicode window changes the locale to	962	while the login script running within the rxvt-unicode window changes the
400	something else, e.g. C<en_GB.UTF-8>. Needless to say, this is not going to work.	963	locale to something else, e.g. C<en_GB.UTF-8>. Needless to say, this is
		964	not going to work, and is the most common cause for problems.
401		965
402	The best thing is to fix your startup environment, as you will likely run	966	The best thing is to fix your startup environment, as you will likely run
403	into other problems. If nothing works you can try this in your .profile.	967	into other problems. If nothing works you can try this in your .profile.
404		968
405	printf '\e]701;%s\007' "$LC_CTYPE"	969	printf '\33]701;%s\007' "$LC_CTYPE" # $LANG or $LC_ALL are worth a try, too
406		970
407	If this doesn't work, then maybe you use a C<LC_CTYPE> specification not	971	If this doesn't work, then maybe you use a C<LC_CTYPE> specification not
408	supported on your systems. Some systems have a C<locale> command which	972	supported on your systems. Some systems have a C<locale> command which
409	displays this (also, C<perl -e0> can be used to check locale settings, as	973	displays this (also, C<perl -e0> can be used to check locale settings, as
410	it will complain loudly if it cannot set the locale). If it displays something	974	it will complain loudly if it cannot set the locale). If it displays something
…		…
416		980
417	If nothing works and you are sure that everything is set correctly then	981	If nothing works and you are sure that everything is set correctly then
418	you will need to remember a little known fact: Some programs just don't	982	you will need to remember a little known fact: Some programs just don't
419	support locales :(	983	support locales :(
420		984
421	=item Why do some characters look so much different than others?	985	=head3 How does rxvt-unicode determine the encoding to use?
422		986
423	=item How does rxvt-unicode choose fonts?	987	See next entry.
424		988
425	Most fonts do not contain the full range of Unicode, which is	989	=head3 Is there an option to switch encodings?
426	fine. Chances are that the font you (or the admin/package maintainer of
427	your system/os) have specified does not cover all the characters you want
428	to display.
429		990
430	B<rxvt-unicode> makes a best-effort try at finding a replacement	991	Unlike some other terminals, rxvt-unicode has no encoding switch, and no
431	font. Often the result is fine, but sometimes the chosen font looks	992	specific "utf-8" mode, such as xterm. In fact, it doesn't even know about
432	bad/ugly/wrong. Some fonts have totally strange characters that don't	993	UTF-8 or any other encodings with respect to terminal I/O.
433	resemble the correct glyph at all, and rxvt-unicode lacks the artificial
434	intelligence to detect that a specific glyph is wrong: it has to believe
435	the font that the characters it claims to contain indeed look correct.
436		994
437	In that case, select a font of your taste and add it to the font list,	995	The reasons is that there exists a perfectly fine mechanism for selecting
438	e.g.:	996	the encoding, doing I/O and (most important) communicating this to all
439		997	applications so everybody agrees on character properties such as width
440	@@RXVT_NAME@@ -fn basefont,font2,font3...	998	and code number. This mechanism is the I<locale>. Applications not using
441		999	that info will have problems (for example, C<xterm> gets the width of
442	When rxvt-unicode sees a character, it will first look at the base	1000	characters wrong as it uses its own, locale-independent table under all
443	font. If the base font does not contain the character, it will go to the
444	next font, and so on. Specifying your own fonts will also speed up this
445	search and use less resources within rxvt-unicode and the X-server.
446
447	The only limitation is that none of the fonts may be larger than the base
448	font, as the base font defines the terminal character cell size, which
449	must be the same due to the way terminals work.
450
451	=item Why do some chinese characters look so different than others?
452
453	This is because there is a difference between script and language --
454	rxvt-unicode does not know which language the text that is output is,
455	as it only knows the unicode character codes. If rxvt-unicode first
456	sees a japanese/chinese character, it might choose a japanese font for
457	display. Subsequent japanese characters will use that font. Now, many
458	chinese characters aren't represented in japanese fonts, so when the first
459	non-japanese character comes up, rxvt-unicode will look for a chinese font
460	-- unfortunately at this point, it will still use the japanese font for
461	chinese characters that are also in the japanese font.
462
463	The workaround is easy: just tag a chinese font at the end of your font
464	list (see the previous question). The key is to view the font list as
465	a preference list: If you expect more japanese, list a japanese font
466	first. If you expect more chinese, put a chinese font first.
467
468	In the future it might be possible to switch language preferences at
469	runtime (the internal data structure has no problem with using different
470	fonts for the same character at the same time, but no interface for this
471	has been designed yet).
472
473	Until then, you might get away with switching fonts at runtime (see L<Can
474	I switch the fonts at runtime?> later in this document).
475
476	=item Why does rxvt-unicode sometimes leave pixel droppings?
477
478	Most fonts were not designed for terminal use, which means that character
479	size varies a lot. A font that is otherwise fine for terminal use might
480	contain some characters that are simply too wide. Rxvt-unicode will avoid
481	these characters. For characters that are just "a bit" too wide a special
482	"careful" rendering mode is used that redraws adjacent characters.
483
484	All of this requires that fonts do not lie about character sizes,
485	however: Xft fonts often draw glyphs larger than their acclaimed bounding
486	box, and rxvt-unicode has no way of detecting this (the correct way is to
487	ask for the character bounding box, which unfortunately is wrong in these
488	cases).	1001	locales).
489		1002
490	It's not clear (to me at least), wether this is a bug in Xft, freetype,	1003	Rxvt-unicode uses the C<LC_CTYPE> locale category to select encoding. All
491	or the respective font. If you encounter this problem you might try using	1004	programs doing the same (that is, most) will automatically agree in the
492	the C<-lsp> option to give the font more height. If that doesn't work, you	1005	interpretation of characters.
493	might be forced to use a different font.
494		1006
495	All of this is not a problem when using X11 core fonts, as their bounding	1007	Unfortunately, there is no system-independent way to select locales, nor
496	box data is correct.	1008	is there a standard on how locale specifiers will look like.
497		1009
		1010	On most systems, the content of the C<LC_CTYPE> environment variable
		1011	contains an arbitrary string which corresponds to an already-installed
		1012	locale. Common names for locales are C<en_US.UTF-8>, C<de_DE.ISO-8859-15>,
		1013	C<ja_JP.EUC-JP>, i.e. C<language_country.encoding>, but other forms
		1014	(i.e. C<de> or C<german>) are also common.
		1015
		1016	Rxvt-unicode ignores all other locale categories, and except for
		1017	the encoding, ignores country or language-specific settings,
		1018	i.e. C<de_DE.UTF-8> and C<ja_JP.UTF-8> are the normally same to
		1019	rxvt-unicode.
		1020
		1021	If you want to use a specific encoding you have to make sure you start
		1022	rxvt-unicode with the correct C<LC_CTYPE> category.
		1023
		1024	=head3 Can I switch locales at runtime?
		1025
		1026	Yes, using an escape sequence. Try something like this, which sets
		1027	rxvt-unicode's idea of C<LC_CTYPE>.
		1028
		1029	printf '\33]701;%s\007' ja_JP.SJIS
		1030
		1031	See also the previous answer.
		1032
		1033	Sometimes this capability is rather handy when you want to work in
		1034	one locale (e.g. C<de_DE.UTF-8>) but some programs don't support it
		1035	(e.g. UTF-8). For example, I use this script to start C<xjdic>, which
		1036	first switches to a locale supported by xjdic and back later:
		1037
		1038	printf '\33]701;%s\007' ja_JP.SJIS
		1039	xjdic -js
		1040	printf '\33]701;%s\007' de_DE.UTF-8
		1041
		1042	You can also use xterm's C<luit> program, which usually works fine, except
		1043	for some locales where character width differs between program- and
		1044	rxvt-unicode-locales.
		1045
		1046	=head3 I have problems getting my input method working.
		1047
		1048	Try a search engine, as this is slightly different for every input method server.
		1049
		1050	Here is a checklist:
		1051
		1052	=over 4
		1053
		1054	=item - Make sure your locale I<and> the imLocale are supported on your OS.
		1055
		1056	Try C<locale -a> or check the documentation for your OS.
		1057
		1058	=item - Make sure your locale or imLocale matches a locale supported by your XIM.
		1059
		1060	For example, B<kinput2> does not support UTF-8 locales, you should use
		1061	C<ja_JP.EUC-JP> or equivalent.
		1062
		1063	=item - Make sure your XIM server is actually running.
		1064
		1065	=item - Make sure the C<XMODIFIERS> environment variable is set correctly when I<starting> rxvt-unicode.
		1066
		1067	When you want to use e.g. B<kinput2>, it must be set to
		1068	C<@im=kinput2>. For B<scim>, use C<@im=SCIM>. You can see what input
		1069	method servers are running with this command:
		1070
		1071	xprop -root XIM_SERVERS
		1072
		1073	=item
		1074
		1075	=back
		1076
		1077	=head3 My input method wants <some encoding> but I want UTF-8, what can I do?
		1078
		1079	You can specify separate locales for the input method and the rest of the
		1080	terminal, using the resource C<imlocale>:
		1081
		1082	URxvt.imlocale: ja_JP.EUC-JP
		1083
		1084	Now you can start your terminal with C<LC_CTYPE=ja_JP.UTF-8> and still
		1085	use your input method. Please note, however, that, depending on your Xlib
		1086	version, you may not be able to input characters outside C<EUC-JP> in a
		1087	normal way then, as your input method limits you.
		1088
		1089	=head3 Rxvt-unicode crashes when the X Input Method changes or exits.
		1090
		1091	Unfortunately, this is unavoidable, as the XIM protocol is racy by
		1092	design. Applications can avoid some crashes at the expense of memory
		1093	leaks, and Input Methods can avoid some crashes by careful ordering at
		1094	exit time. B<kinput2> (and derived input methods) generally succeeds,
		1095	while B<SCIM> (or similar input methods) fails. In the end, however,
		1096	crashes cannot be completely avoided even if both sides cooperate.
		1097
		1098	So the only workaround is not to kill your Input Method Servers.
		1099
		1100
		1101	=head2 Operating Systems / Package Maintaining
		1102
		1103	=head3 I am using Debian GNU/Linux and have a problem...
		1104
		1105	The Debian GNU/Linux package of rxvt-unicode in sarge contains large
		1106	patches that considerably change the behaviour of rxvt-unicode (but
		1107	unfortunately this notice has been removed). Before reporting a bug to
		1108	the original rxvt-unicode author please download and install the genuine
		1109	version (L<http://software.schmorp.de#rxvt-unicode>) and try to reproduce
		1110	the problem. If you cannot, chances are that the problems are specific to
		1111	Debian GNU/Linux, in which case it should be reported via the Debian Bug
		1112	Tracking System (use C<reportbug> to report the bug).
		1113
		1114	For other problems that also affect the Debian package, you can and
		1115	probably should use the Debian BTS, too, because, after all, it's also a
		1116	bug in the Debian version and it serves as a reminder for other users that
		1117	might encounter the same issue.
		1118
		1119	=head3 I am maintaining rxvt-unicode for distribution/OS XXX, any recommendation?
		1120
		1121	You should build one binary with the default options. F<configure>
		1122	now enables most useful options, and the trend goes to making them
		1123	runtime-switchable, too, so there is usually no drawback to enabling them,
		1124	except higher disk and possibly memory usage. The perl interpreter should
		1125	be enabled, as important functionality (menus, selection, likely more in
		1126	the future) depends on it.
		1127
		1128	You should not overwrite the C<perl-ext-common> snd C<perl-ext> resources
		1129	system-wide (except maybe with C<defaults>). This will result in useful
		1130	behaviour. If your distribution aims at low memory, add an empty
		1131	C<perl-ext-common> resource to the app-defaults file. This will keep the
		1132	perl interpreter disabled until the user enables it.
		1133
		1134	If you can/want build more binaries, I recommend building a minimal
		1135	one with C<--disable-everything> (very useful) and a maximal one with
		1136	C<--enable-everything> (less useful, it will be very big due to a lot of
		1137	encodings built-in that increase download times and are rarely used).
		1138
		1139	=head3 I need to make it setuid/setgid to support utmp/ptys on my OS, is this safe?
		1140
		1141	It should be, starting with release 7.1. You are encouraged to properly
		1142	install urxvt with privileges necessary for your OS now.
		1143
		1144	When rxvt-unicode detects that it runs setuid or setgid, it will fork
		1145	into a helper process for privileged operations (pty handling on some
		1146	systems, utmp/wtmp/lastlog handling on others) and drop privileges
		1147	immediately. This is much safer than most other terminals that keep
		1148	privileges while running (but is more relevant to urxvt, as it contains
		1149	things as perl interpreters, which might be "helpful" to attackers).
		1150
		1151	This forking is done as the very first within main(), which is very early
		1152	and reduces possible bugs to initialisation code run before main(), or
		1153	things like the dynamic loader of your system, which should result in very
		1154	little risk.
		1155
498	=item On Solaris 9, many line-drawing characters are too wide.	1156	=head3 On Solaris 9, many line-drawing characters are too wide.
499		1157
500	Seems to be a known bug, read	1158	Seems to be a known bug, read
501	L<http://nixdoc.net/files/forum/about34198.html>. Some people use the	1159	L<http://nixdoc.net/files/forum/about34198.html>. Some people use the
502	following ugly workaround to get non-double-wide-characters working:	1160	following ugly workaround to get non-double-wide-characters working:
503		1161
504	#define wcwidth(x) wcwidth(x) > 1 ? 1 : wcwidth(x)	1162	#define wcwidth(x) wcwidth(x) > 1 ? 1 : wcwidth(x)
505		1163
506	=item My Compose (Multi_key) key is no longer working.
507
508	The most common causes for this are that either your locale is not set
509	correctly, or you specified a B<preeditStyle> that is not supported by
510	your input method. For example, if you specified B<OverTheSpot> and
511	your input method (e.g. the default input method handling Compose keys)
512	does not support this (for instance because it is not visual), then
513	rxvt-unicode will continue without an input method.
514
515	In this case either do not specify a B<preeditStyle> or specify more than
516	one pre-edit style, such as B<OverTheSpot,Root,None>.
517
518	=item I cannot type C<Ctrl-Shift-2> to get an ASCII NUL character due to ISO 14755
519
520	Either try C<Ctrl-2> alone (it often is mapped to ASCII NUL even on
521	international keyboards) or simply use ISO 14755 support to your
522	advantage, typing <Ctrl-Shift-0> to get a ASCII NUL. This works for other
523	codes, too, such as C<Ctrl-Shift-1-d> to type the default telnet escape
524	character and so on.
525
526	=item How can I keep rxvt-unicode from using reverse video so much?
527
528	First of all, make sure you are running with the right terminal settings
529	(C<TERM=rxvt-unicode>), which will get rid of most of these effects. Then
530	make sure you have specified colours for italic and bold, as otherwise
531	rxvt-unicode might use reverse video to simulate the effect:
532
533	URxvt.colorBD: white
534	URxvt.colorIT: green
535
536	=item Some programs assume totally weird colours (red instead of blue), how can I fix that?
537
538	For some unexplainable reason, some rare programs assume a very weird
539	colour palette when confronted with a terminal with more than the standard
540	8 colours (rxvt-unicode supports 88). The right fix is, of course, to fix
541	these programs not to assume non-ISO colours without very good reasons.
542
543	In the meantime, you can either edit your C<rxvt-unicode> terminfo
544	definition to only claim 8 colour support or use C<TERM=rxvt>, which will
545	fix colours but keep you from using other rxvt-unicode features.
546
547	=item I am on FreeBSD and rxvt-unicode does not seem to work at all.	1164	=head3 I am on FreeBSD and rxvt-unicode does not seem to work at all.
548		1165
549	Rxvt-unicode requires the symbol C<__STDC_ISO_10646__> to be defined	1166	Rxvt-unicode requires the symbol C<__STDC_ISO_10646__> to be defined
550	in your compile environment, or an implementation that implements it,	1167	in your compile environment, or an implementation that implements it,
551	wether it defines the symbol or not. C<__STDC_ISO_10646__> requires that	1168	whether it defines the symbol or not. C<__STDC_ISO_10646__> requires that
552	B<wchar_t> is represented as unicode.	1169	B<wchar_t> is represented as unicode.
553		1170
554	As you might have guessed, FreeBSD does neither define this symobl nor	1171	As you might have guessed, FreeBSD does neither define this symbol nor
555	does it support it. Instead, it uses it's own internal representation of	1172	does it support it. Instead, it uses its own internal representation of
556	B<wchar_t>. This is, of course, completely fine with respect to standards.	1173	B<wchar_t>. This is, of course, completely fine with respect to standards.
557		1174
558	However, that means rxvt-unicode only works in C<POSIX>, C<ISO-8859-1> and	1175	However, that means rxvt-unicode only works in C<POSIX>, C<ISO-8859-1> and
559	C<UTF-8> locales under FreeBSD (which all use Unicode as B<wchar_t>.	1176	C<UTF-8> locales under FreeBSD (which all use Unicode as B<wchar_t>.
560		1177
…		…
574		1191
575	The rxvt-unicode author insists that the right way to fix this is in the	1192	The rxvt-unicode author insists that the right way to fix this is in the
576	system libraries once and for all, instead of forcing every app to carry	1193	system libraries once and for all, instead of forcing every app to carry
577	complete replacements for them :)	1194	complete replacements for them :)
578		1195
579	=item I use Solaris 9 and it doesn't compile/work/etc.	1196	=head3 I use Solaris 9 and it doesn't compile/work/etc.
580		1197
581	Try the diff in F<doc/solaris9.patch> as a base. It fixes the worst	1198	Try the diff in F<doc/solaris9.patch> as a base. It fixes the worst
582	problems with C<wcwidth> and a compile problem.	1199	problems with C<wcwidth> and a compile problem.
583		1200
584	=item How can I use rxvt-unicode under cygwin?	1201	=head3 How can I use rxvt-unicode under cygwin?
585		1202
586	rxvt-unicode should compile and run out of the box on cygwin, using	1203	rxvt-unicode should compile and run out of the box on cygwin, using
587	the X11 libraries that come with cygwin. libW11 emulation is no	1204	the X11 libraries that come with cygwin. libW11 emulation is no
588	longer supported (and makes no sense, either, as it only supported a	1205	longer supported (and makes no sense, either, as it only supported a
589	single font). I recommend starting the X-server in C<-multiwindow> or	1206	single font). I recommend starting the X-server in C<-multiwindow> or
…		…
592		1209
593	At the time of this writing, cygwin didn't seem to support any multi-byte	1210	At the time of this writing, cygwin didn't seem to support any multi-byte
594	encodings (you might try C<LC_CTYPE=C-UTF-8>), so you are likely limited	1211	encodings (you might try C<LC_CTYPE=C-UTF-8>), so you are likely limited
595	to 8-bit encodings.	1212	to 8-bit encodings.
596		1213
597	=item How does rxvt-unicode determine the encoding to use?
598
599	=item Is there an option to switch encodings?
600
601	Unlike some other terminals, rxvt-unicode has no encoding switch, and no
602	specific "utf-8" mode, such as xterm. In fact, it doesn't even know about
603	UTF-8 or any other encodings with respect to terminal I/O.
604
605	The reasons is that there exists a perfectly fine mechanism for selecting
606	the encoding, doing I/O and (most important) communicating this to all
607	applications so everybody agrees on character properties such as width
608	and code number. This mechanism is the I<locale>. Applications not using
609	that info will have problems (for example, C<xterm> gets the width of
610	characters wrong as it uses it's own, locale-independent table under all
611	locales).
612
613	Rxvt-unicode uses the C<LC_CTYPE> locale category to select encoding. All
614	programs doing the same (that is, most) will automatically agree in the
615	interpretation of characters.
616
617	Unfortunately, there is no system-independent way to select locales, nor
618	is there a standard on how locale specifiers will look like.
619
620	On most systems, the content of the C<LC_CTYPE> environment variable
621	contains an arbitrary string which corresponds to an already-installed
622	locale. Common names for locales are C<en_US.UTF-8>, C<de_DE.ISO-8859-15>,
623	C<ja_JP.EUC-JP>, i.e. C<language_country.encoding>, but other forms
624	(i.e. C<de> or C<german>) are also common.
625
626	Rxvt-unicode ignores all other locale categories, and except for
627	the encoding, ignores country or language-specific settings,
628	i.e. C<de_DE.UTF-8> and C<ja_JP.UTF-8> are the normally same to
629	rxvt-unicode.
630
631	If you want to use a specific encoding you have to make sure you start
632	rxvt-unicode with the correct C<LC_CTYPE> category.
633
634	=item Can I switch locales at runtime?
635
636	Yes, using an escape sequence. Try something like this, which sets
637	rxvt-unicode's idea of C<LC_CTYPE>.
638
639	printf '\e]701;%s\007' ja_JP.SJIS
640
641	See also the previous answer.
642
643	Sometimes this capability is rather handy when you want to work in
644	one locale (e.g. C<de_DE.UTF-8>) but some programs don't support it
645	(e.g. UTF-8). For example, I use this script to start C<xjdic>, which
646	first switches to a locale supported by xjdic and back later:
647
648	printf '\e]701;%s\007' ja_JP.SJIS
649	xjdic -js
650	printf '\e]701;%s\007' de_DE.UTF-8
651
652	You can also use xterm's C<luit> program, which usually works fine, except
653	for some locales where character width differs between program- and
654	rxvt-unicode-locales.
655
656	=item Can I switch the fonts at runtime?
657
658	Yes, using an escape sequence. Try something like this, which has the same
659	effect as using the C<-fn> switch, and takes effect immediately:
660
661	printf '\e]50;%s\007' "9x15bold,xft:Kochi Gothic"
662
663	This is useful if you e.g. work primarily with japanese (and prefer a
664	japanese font), but you have to switch to chinese temporarily, where
665	japanese fonts would only be in your way.
666
667	You can think of this as a kind of manual ISO-2022 switching.
668
669	=item Why do italic characters look as if clipped?
670
671	Many fonts have difficulties with italic characters and hinting. For
672	example, the otherwise very nicely hinted font C<xft:Bitstream Vera Sans
673	Mono> completely fails in it's italic face. A workaround might be to
674	enable freetype autohinting, i.e. like this:
675
676	URxvt.italicFont: xft:Bitstream Vera Sans Mono:italic:autohint=true
677	URxvt.boldItalicFont: xft:Bitstream Vera Sans Mono:bold:italic:autohint=true
678
679	=item My input method wants <some encoding> but I want UTF-8, what can I do?
680
681	You can specify separate locales for the input method and the rest of the
682	terminal, using the resource C<imlocale>:
683
684	URxvt.imlocale: ja_JP.EUC-JP
685
686	Now you can start your terminal with C<LC_CTYPE=ja_JP.UTF-8> and still
687	use your input method. Please note, however, that you will not be able to
688	input characters outside C<EUC-JP> in a normal way then, as your input
689	method limits you.
690
691	=item Rxvt-unicode crashes when the X Input Method changes or exits.
692
693	Unfortunately, this is unavoidable, as the XIM protocol is racy by
694	design. Applications can avoid some crashes at the expense of memory
695	leaks, and Input Methods can avoid some crashes by careful ordering at
696	exit time. B<kinput2> (and derived input methods) generally succeeds,
697	while B<SCIM> (or similar input methods) fails. In the end, however,
698	crashes cannot be completely avoided even if both sides cooperate.
699
700	So the only workaround is not to kill your Input Method Servers.
701
702	=item Rxvt-unicode uses gobs of memory, how can I reduce that?
703
704	Rxvt-unicode tries to obey the rule of not charging you for something you
705	don't use. One thing you should try is to configure out all settings that
706	you don't need, for example, Xft support is a resource hog by design,
707	when used. Compiling it out ensures that no Xft font will be loaded
708	accidentally when rxvt-unicode tries to find a font for your characters.
709
710	Also, many people (me included) like large windows and even larger
711	scrollback buffers: Without C<--enable-unicode3>, rxvt-unicode will use
712	6 bytes per screen cell. For a 160x?? window this amounts to almost a
713	kilobyte per line. A scrollback buffer of 10000 lines will then (if full)
714	use 10 Megabytes of memory. With C<--enable-unicode3> it gets worse, as
715	rxvt-unicode then uses 8 bytes per screen cell.
716
717	=item Can I speed up Xft rendering somehow?
718
719	Yes, the most obvious way to speed it up is to avoid Xft entirely, as
720	it is simply slow. If you still want Xft fonts you might try to disable
721	antialiasing (by appending C<:antialias=false>), which saves lots of
722	memory and also speeds up rendering considerably.
723
724	=item Rxvt-unicode doesn't seem to anti-alias its fonts, what is wrong?
725
726	Rxvt-unicode will use whatever you specify as a font. If it needs to
727	fall back to it's default font search list it will prefer X11 core
728	fonts, because they are small and fast, and then use Xft fonts. It has
729	antialiasing disabled for most of them, because the author thinks they
730	look best that way.
731
732	If you want antialiasing, you have to specify the fonts manually.
733
734	=item Mouse cut/paste suddenly no longer works.
735
736	Make sure that mouse reporting is actually turned off since killing
737	some editors prematurely may leave the mouse in mouse report mode. I've
738	heard that tcsh may use mouse reporting unless it otherwise specified. A
739	quick check is to see if cut/paste works when the Alt or Shift keys are
740	depressed.
741
742	=item What's with this bold/blink stuff?
743
744	If no bold colour is set via C<colorBD:>, bold will invert text using the
745	standard foreground colour.
746
747	For the standard background colour, blinking will actually make the
748	text blink when compiled with C<--enable-blinking>. with standard
749	colours. Without C<--enable-blinking>, the blink attribute will be
750	ignored.
751
752	On ANSI colours, bold/blink attributes are used to set high-intensity
753	foreground/background colors.
754
755	color0-7 are the low-intensity colors.
756
757	color8-15 are the corresponding high-intensity colors.
758
759	=item I don't like the screen colors. How do I change them?
760
761	You can change the screen colors at run-time using F<~/.Xdefaults>
762	resources (or as long-options).
763
764	Here are values that are supposed to resemble a VGA screen,
765	including the murky brown that passes for low-intensity yellow:
766
767	URxvt.color0: #000000
768	URxvt.color1: #A80000
769	URxvt.color2: #00A800
770	URxvt.color3: #A8A800
771	URxvt.color4: #0000A8
772	URxvt.color5: #A800A8
773	URxvt.color6: #00A8A8
774	URxvt.color7: #A8A8A8
775
776	URxvt.color8: #000054
777	URxvt.color9: #FF0054
778	URxvt.color10: #00FF54
779	URxvt.color11: #FFFF54
780	URxvt.color12: #0000FF
781	URxvt.color13: #FF00FF
782	URxvt.color14: #00FFFF
783	URxvt.color15: #FFFFFF
784
785	And here is a more complete set of non-standard colors described (not by
786	me) as "pretty girly".
787
788	URxvt.cursorColor: #dc74d1
789	URxvt.pointerColor: #dc74d1
790	URxvt.background: #0e0e0e
791	URxvt.foreground: #4ad5e1
792	URxvt.color0: #000000
793	URxvt.color8: #8b8f93
794	URxvt.color1: #dc74d1
795	URxvt.color9: #dc74d1
796	URxvt.color2: #0eb8c7
797	URxvt.color10: #0eb8c7
798	URxvt.color3: #dfe37e
799	URxvt.color11: #dfe37e
800	URxvt.color5: #9e88f0
801	URxvt.color13: #9e88f0
802	URxvt.color6: #73f7ff
803	URxvt.color14: #73f7ff
804	URxvt.color7: #e1dddd
805	URxvt.color15: #e1dddd
806
807	=item How can I start @@RXVT_NAME@@d in a race-free way?
808
809	Try C<@@RXVT_NAME@@d -f -o>, which tells @@RXVT_NAME@@d to open the
810	display, create the listening socket and then fork.
811
812	=item What's with the strange Backspace/Delete key behaviour?
813
814	Assuming that the physical Backspace key corresponds to the
815	BackSpace keysym (not likely for Linux ... see the following
816	question) there are two standard values that can be used for
817	Backspace: C<^H> and C<^?>.
818
819	Historically, either value is correct, but rxvt-unicode adopts the debian
820	policy of using C<^?> when unsure, because it's the one only only correct
821	choice :).
822
823	Rxvt-unicode tries to inherit the current stty settings and uses the value
824	of `erase' to guess the value for backspace. If rxvt-unicode wasn't
825	started from a terminal (say, from a menu or by remote shell), then the
826	system value of `erase', which corresponds to CERASE in <termios.h>, will
827	be used (which may not be the same as your stty setting).
828
829	For starting a new rxvt-unicode:
830
831	# use Backspace = ^H
832	$ stty erase ^H
833	$ @@RXVT_NAME@@
834
835	# use Backspace = ^?
836	$ stty erase ^?
837	$ @@RXVT_NAME@@
838
839	Toggle with C<ESC [ 36 h> / C<ESC [ 36 l>.
840
841	For an existing rxvt-unicode:
842
843	# use Backspace = ^H
844	$ stty erase ^H
845	$ echo -n "^[[36h"
846
847	# use Backspace = ^?
848	$ stty erase ^?
849	$ echo -n "^[[36l"
850
851	This helps satisfy some of the Backspace discrepancies that occur, but
852	if you use Backspace = C<^H>, make sure that the termcap/terminfo value
853	properly reflects that.
854
855	The Delete key is a another casualty of the ill-defined Backspace problem.
856	To avoid confusion between the Backspace and Delete keys, the Delete
857	key has been assigned an escape sequence to match the vt100 for Execute
858	(C<ESC [ 3 ~>) and is in the supplied termcap/terminfo.
859
860	Some other Backspace problems:
861
862	some editors use termcap/terminfo,
863	some editors (vim I'm told) expect Backspace = ^H,
864	GNU Emacs (and Emacs-like editors) use ^H for help.
865
866	Perhaps someday this will all be resolved in a consistent manner.
867
868	=item I don't like the key-bindings. How do I change them?
869
870	There are some compile-time selections available via configure. Unless
871	you have run "configure" with the C<--disable-resources> option you can
872	use the `keysym' resource to alter the keystrings associated with keysyms.
873
874	Here's an example for a URxvt session started using C<@@RXVT_NAME@@ -name URxvt>
875
876	URxvt.keysym.Home: \033[1~
877	URxvt.keysym.End: \033[4~
878	URxvt.keysym.C-apostrophe: \033<C-'>
879	URxvt.keysym.C-slash: \033<C-/>
880	URxvt.keysym.C-semicolon: \033<C-;>
881	URxvt.keysym.C-grave: \033<C-`>
882	URxvt.keysym.C-comma: \033<C-,>
883	URxvt.keysym.C-period: \033<C-.>
884	URxvt.keysym.C-0x60: \033<C-`>
885	URxvt.keysym.C-Tab: \033<C-Tab>
886	URxvt.keysym.C-Return: \033<C-Return>
887	URxvt.keysym.S-Return: \033<S-Return>
888	URxvt.keysym.S-space: \033<S-Space>
889	URxvt.keysym.M-Up: \033<M-Up>
890	URxvt.keysym.M-Down: \033<M-Down>
891	URxvt.keysym.M-Left: \033<M-Left>
892	URxvt.keysym.M-Right: \033<M-Right>
893	URxvt.keysym.M-C-0: list \033<M-C- 0123456789 >
894	URxvt.keysym.M-C-a: list \033<M-C- abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz >
895	URxvt.keysym.F12: command:\033]701;zh_CN.GBK\007
896
897	See some more examples in the documentation for the B<keysym> resource.
898
899	=item I'm using keyboard model XXX that has extra Prior/Next/Insert keys.
900	How do I make use of them? For example, the Sun Keyboard type 4
901	has the following mappings that rxvt-unicode doesn't recognize.
902
903	KP_Insert == Insert
904	F22 == Print
905	F27 == Home
906	F29 == Prior
907	F33 == End
908	F35 == Next
909
910	Rather than have rxvt-unicode try to accommodate all the various possible
911	keyboard mappings, it is better to use `xmodmap' to remap the keys as
912	required for your particular machine.
913
914	=item How do I distinguish wether I'm running rxvt-unicode or a regular xterm?
915	I need this to decide about setting colors etc.
916
917	rxvt and rxvt-unicode always export the variable "COLORTERM", so you can
918	check and see if that is set. Note that several programs, JED, slrn,
919	Midnight Commander automatically check this variable to decide whether or
920	not to use color.
921
922	=item How do I set the correct, full IP address for the DISPLAY variable?
923
924	If you've compiled rxvt-unicode with DISPLAY_IS_IP and have enabled
925	insecure mode then it is possible to use the following shell script
926	snippets to correctly set the display. If your version of rxvt-unicode
927	wasn't also compiled with ESCZ_ANSWER (as assumed in these snippets) then
928	the COLORTERM variable can be used to distinguish rxvt-unicode from a
929	regular xterm.
930
931	Courtesy of Chuck Blake <cblake@BBN.COM> with the following shell script
932	snippets:
933
934	# Bourne/Korn/POSIX family of shells:
935	[ ${TERM:-foo} = foo ] && TERM=xterm # assume an xterm if we don't know
936	if [ ${TERM:-foo} = xterm ]; then
937	stty -icanon -echo min 0 time 15 # see if enhanced rxvt or not
938	echo -n '^[Z'
939	read term_id
940	stty icanon echo
941	if [ ""${term_id} = '^[[?1;2C' -a ${DISPLAY:-foo} = foo ]; then
942	echo -n '^[[7n' # query the rxvt we are in for the DISPLAY string
943	read DISPLAY # set it in our local shell
944	fi
945	fi
946
947	=item How do I compile the manual pages for myself?
948
949	You need to have a recent version of perl installed as F</usr/bin/perl>,
950	one that comes with F<pod2man>, F<pod2text> and F<pod2html>. Then go to
951	the doc subdirectory and enter C<make alldoc>.
952
953	=item My question isn't answered here, can I ask a human?
954
955	Before sending me mail, you could go to IRC: C<irc.freenode.net>,
956	channel C<#rxvt-unicode> has some rxvt-unicode enthusiasts that might be
957	interested in learning about new and exciting problems (but not FAQs :).
958
959	=back
960
961	=head1 RXVT TECHNICAL REFERENCE	1214	=head1 RXVT-UNICODE TECHNICAL REFERENCE
962
963	=head1 DESCRIPTION
964		1215
965	The rest of this document describes various technical aspects of	1216	The rest of this document describes various technical aspects of
966	B<rxvt-unicode>. First the description of supported command sequences,	1217	B<rxvt-unicode>. First the description of supported command sequences,
967	followed by pixmap support and last by a description of all features	1218	followed by pixmap support and last by a description of all features
968	selectable at C<configure> time.	1219	selectable at C<configure> time.
969		1220
970	=head1 Definitions	1221	=head2 Definitions
971		1222
972	=over 4	1223	=over 4
973		1224
974	=item B<< C<c> >>	1225	=item B<< C<c> >>
975		1226
…		…
993		1244
994	A text parameter composed of printable characters.	1245	A text parameter composed of printable characters.
995		1246
996	=back	1247	=back
997		1248
998	=head1 Values	1249	=head2 Values
999		1250
1000	=over 4	1251	=over 4
1001		1252
1002	=item B<< C<ENQ> >>	1253	=item B<< C<ENQ> >>
1003		1254
…		…
1046		1297
1047	Space Character	1298	Space Character
1048		1299
1049	=back	1300	=back
1050		1301
1051	=head1 Escape Sequences	1302	=head2 Escape Sequences
1052		1303
1053	=over 4	1304	=over 4
1054		1305
1055	=item B<< C<ESC # 8> >>	1306	=item B<< C<ESC # 8> >>
1056		1307
…		…
1154		1405
1155	=back	1406	=back
1156		1407
1157	X<CSI>	1408	X<CSI>
1158		1409
1159	=head1 CSI (Command Sequence Introducer) Sequences	1410	=head2 CSI (Command Sequence Introducer) Sequences
1160		1411
1161	=over 4	1412	=over 4
1162		1413
1163	=item B<< C<ESC [ Ps @> >>	1414	=item B<< C<ESC [ Ps @> >>
1164		1415
…		…
1434		1685
1435	=back	1686	=back
1436		1687
1437	X<PrivateModes>	1688	X<PrivateModes>
1438		1689
1439	=head1 DEC Private Modes	1690	=head2 DEC Private Modes
1440		1691
1441	=over 4	1692	=over 4
1442		1693
1443	=item B<< C<ESC [ ? Pm h> >>	1694	=item B<< C<ESC [ ? Pm h> >>
1444		1695
…		…
1460		1711
1461	Toggle DEC Private Mode Values (rxvt extension). I<where>	1712	Toggle DEC Private Mode Values (rxvt extension). I<where>
1462		1713
1463	=over 4	1714	=over 4
1464		1715
1465	=item B<< C<Ps = 1> >> (DECCKM)	1716	=item B<< C<Pm = 1> >> (DECCKM)
1466		1717
1467	=begin table	1718	=begin table
1468		1719
1469	B<< C<h> >> Application Cursor Keys	1720	B<< C<h> >> Application Cursor Keys
1470	B<< C<l> >> Normal Cursor Keys	1721	B<< C<l> >> Normal Cursor Keys
1471		1722
1472	=end table	1723	=end table
1473		1724
1474	=item B<< C<Ps = 2> >> (ANSI/VT52 mode)	1725	=item B<< C<Pm = 2> >> (ANSI/VT52 mode)
1475		1726
1476	=begin table	1727	=begin table
1477		1728
1478	B<< C<h> >> Enter VT52 mode	1729	B<< C<h> >> Enter VT52 mode
1479	B<< C<l> >> Enter VT52 mode	1730	B<< C<l> >> Enter VT52 mode
1480		1731
1481	=end table	1732	=end table
1482		1733
1483	=item B<< C<Ps = 3> >>	1734	=item B<< C<Pm = 3> >>
1484		1735
1485	=begin table	1736	=begin table
1486		1737
1487	B<< C<h> >> 132 Column Mode (DECCOLM)	1738	B<< C<h> >> 132 Column Mode (DECCOLM)
1488	B<< C<l> >> 80 Column Mode (DECCOLM)	1739	B<< C<l> >> 80 Column Mode (DECCOLM)
1489		1740
1490	=end table	1741	=end table
1491		1742
1492	=item B<< C<Ps = 4> >>	1743	=item B<< C<Pm = 4> >>
1493		1744
1494	=begin table	1745	=begin table
1495		1746
1496	B<< C<h> >> Smooth (Slow) Scroll (DECSCLM)	1747	B<< C<h> >> Smooth (Slow) Scroll (DECSCLM)
1497	B<< C<l> >> Jump (Fast) Scroll (DECSCLM)	1748	B<< C<l> >> Jump (Fast) Scroll (DECSCLM)
1498		1749
1499	=end table	1750	=end table
1500		1751
1501	=item B<< C<Ps = 5> >>	1752	=item B<< C<Pm = 5> >>
1502		1753
1503	=begin table	1754	=begin table
1504		1755
1505	B<< C<h> >> Reverse Video (DECSCNM)	1756	B<< C<h> >> Reverse Video (DECSCNM)
1506	B<< C<l> >> Normal Video (DECSCNM)	1757	B<< C<l> >> Normal Video (DECSCNM)
1507		1758
1508	=end table	1759	=end table
1509		1760
1510	=item B<< C<Ps = 6> >>	1761	=item B<< C<Pm = 6> >>
1511		1762
1512	=begin table	1763	=begin table
1513		1764
1514	B<< C<h> >> Origin Mode (DECOM)	1765	B<< C<h> >> Origin Mode (DECOM)
1515	B<< C<l> >> Normal Cursor Mode (DECOM)	1766	B<< C<l> >> Normal Cursor Mode (DECOM)
1516		1767
1517	=end table	1768	=end table
1518		1769
1519	=item B<< C<Ps = 7> >>	1770	=item B<< C<Pm = 7> >>
1520		1771
1521	=begin table	1772	=begin table
1522		1773
1523	B<< C<h> >> Wraparound Mode (DECAWM)	1774	B<< C<h> >> Wraparound Mode (DECAWM)
1524	B<< C<l> >> No Wraparound Mode (DECAWM)	1775	B<< C<l> >> No Wraparound Mode (DECAWM)
1525		1776
1526	=end table	1777	=end table
1527		1778
1528	=item B<< C<Ps = 8> >> I<unimplemented>	1779	=item B<< C<Pm = 8> >> I<unimplemented>
1529		1780
1530	=begin table	1781	=begin table
1531		1782
1532	B<< C<h> >> Auto-repeat Keys (DECARM)	1783	B<< C<h> >> Auto-repeat Keys (DECARM)
1533	B<< C<l> >> No Auto-repeat Keys (DECARM)	1784	B<< C<l> >> No Auto-repeat Keys (DECARM)
1534		1785
1535	=end table	1786	=end table
1536		1787
1537	=item B<< C<Ps = 9> >> X10 XTerm	1788	=item B<< C<Pm = 9> >> X10 XTerm
1538		1789
1539	=begin table	1790	=begin table
1540		1791
1541	B<< C<h> >> Send Mouse X & Y on button press.	1792	B<< C<h> >> Send Mouse X & Y on button press.
1542	B<< C<l> >> No mouse reporting.	1793	B<< C<l> >> No mouse reporting.
1543		1794
1544	=end table	1795	=end table
1545		1796
1546	=item B<< C<Ps = 25> >>	1797	=item B<< C<Pm = 25> >>
1547		1798
1548	=begin table	1799	=begin table
1549		1800
1550	B<< C<h> >> Visible cursor {cnorm/cvvis}	1801	B<< C<h> >> Visible cursor {cnorm/cvvis}
1551	B<< C<l> >> Invisible cursor {civis}	1802	B<< C<l> >> Invisible cursor {civis}
1552		1803
1553	=end table	1804	=end table
1554		1805
1555	=item B<< C<Ps = 30> >>	1806	=item B<< C<Pm = 30> >>
1556		1807
1557	=begin table	1808	=begin table
1558		1809
1559	B<< C<h> >> scrollBar visisble	1810	B<< C<h> >> scrollBar visisble
1560	B<< C<l> >> scrollBar invisisble	1811	B<< C<l> >> scrollBar invisisble
1561		1812
1562	=end table	1813	=end table
1563		1814
1564	=item B<< C<Ps = 35> >> (B<rxvt>)	1815	=item B<< C<Pm = 35> >> (B<rxvt>)
1565		1816
1566	=begin table	1817	=begin table
1567		1818
1568	B<< C<h> >> Allow XTerm Shift+key sequences	1819	B<< C<h> >> Allow XTerm Shift+key sequences
1569	B<< C<l> >> Disallow XTerm Shift+key sequences	1820	B<< C<l> >> Disallow XTerm Shift+key sequences
1570		1821
1571	=end table	1822	=end table
1572		1823
1573	=item B<< C<Ps = 38> >> I<unimplemented>	1824	=item B<< C<Pm = 38> >> I<unimplemented>
1574		1825
1575	Enter Tektronix Mode (DECTEK)	1826	Enter Tektronix Mode (DECTEK)
1576		1827
1577	=item B<< C<Ps = 40> >>	1828	=item B<< C<Pm = 40> >>
1578		1829
1579	=begin table	1830	=begin table
1580		1831
1581	B<< C<h> >> Allow 80/132 Mode	1832	B<< C<h> >> Allow 80/132 Mode
1582	B<< C<l> >> Disallow 80/132 Mode	1833	B<< C<l> >> Disallow 80/132 Mode
1583		1834
1584	=end table	1835	=end table
1585		1836
1586	=item B<< C<Ps = 44> >> I<unimplemented>	1837	=item B<< C<Pm = 44> >> I<unimplemented>
1587		1838
1588	=begin table	1839	=begin table
1589		1840
1590	B<< C<h> >> Turn On Margin Bell	1841	B<< C<h> >> Turn On Margin Bell
1591	B<< C<l> >> Turn Off Margin Bell	1842	B<< C<l> >> Turn Off Margin Bell
1592		1843
1593	=end table	1844	=end table
1594		1845
1595	=item B<< C<Ps = 45> >> I<unimplemented>	1846	=item B<< C<Pm = 45> >> I<unimplemented>
1596		1847
1597	=begin table	1848	=begin table
1598		1849
1599	B<< C<h> >> Reverse-wraparound Mode	1850	B<< C<h> >> Reverse-wraparound Mode
1600	B<< C<l> >> No Reverse-wraparound Mode	1851	B<< C<l> >> No Reverse-wraparound Mode
1601		1852
1602	=end table	1853	=end table
1603		1854
1604	=item B<< C<Ps = 46> >> I<unimplemented>	1855	=item B<< C<Pm = 46> >> I<unimplemented>
1605		1856
1606	=item B<< C<Ps = 47> >>	1857	=item B<< C<Pm = 47> >>
1607		1858
1608	=begin table	1859	=begin table
1609		1860
1610	B<< C<h> >> Use Alternate Screen Buffer	1861	B<< C<h> >> Use Alternate Screen Buffer
1611	B<< C<l> >> Use Normal Screen Buffer	1862	B<< C<l> >> Use Normal Screen Buffer
1612		1863
1613	=end table	1864	=end table
1614		1865
1615	X<Priv66>	1866	X<Priv66>
1616		1867
1617	=item B<< C<Ps = 66> >>	1868	=item B<< C<Pm = 66> >>
1618		1869
1619	=begin table	1870	=begin table
1620		1871
1621	B<< C<h> >> Application Keypad (DECPAM) == C<ESC =>	1872	B<< C<h> >> Application Keypad (DECPAM) == C<ESC =>
1622	B<< C<l> >> Normal Keypad (DECPNM) == C<< ESC > >>	1873	B<< C<l> >> Normal Keypad (DECPNM) == C<< ESC > >>
1623		1874
1624	=end table	1875	=end table
1625		1876
1626	=item B<< C<Ps = 67> >>	1877	=item B<< C<Pm = 67> >>
1627		1878
1628	=begin table	1879	=begin table
1629		1880
1630	B<< C<h> >> Backspace key sends B<< C<BS> (DECBKM) >>	1881	B<< C<h> >> Backspace key sends B<< C<BS> (DECBKM) >>
1631	B<< C<l> >> Backspace key sends B<< C<DEL> >>	1882	B<< C<l> >> Backspace key sends B<< C<DEL> >>
1632		1883
1633	=end table	1884	=end table
1634		1885
1635	=item B<< C<Ps = 1000> >> (X11 XTerm)	1886	=item B<< C<Pm = 1000> >> (X11 XTerm)
1636		1887
1637	=begin table	1888	=begin table
1638		1889
1639	B<< C<h> >> Send Mouse X & Y on button press and release.	1890	B<< C<h> >> Send Mouse X & Y on button press and release.
1640	B<< C<l> >> No mouse reporting.	1891	B<< C<l> >> No mouse reporting.
1641		1892
1642	=end table	1893	=end table
1643		1894
1644	=item B<< C<Ps = 1001> >> (X11 XTerm) I<unimplemented>	1895	=item B<< C<Pm = 1001> >> (X11 XTerm) I<unimplemented>
1645		1896
1646	=begin table	1897	=begin table
1647		1898
1648	B<< C<h> >> Use Hilite Mouse Tracking.	1899	B<< C<h> >> Use Hilite Mouse Tracking.
1649	B<< C<l> >> No mouse reporting.	1900	B<< C<l> >> No mouse reporting.
1650		1901
1651	=end table	1902	=end table
1652		1903
1653	=item B<< C<Ps = 1010> >> (B<rxvt>)	1904	=item B<< C<Pm = 1010> >> (B<rxvt>)
1654		1905
1655	=begin table	1906	=begin table
1656		1907
1657	B<< C<h> >> Don't scroll to bottom on TTY output	1908	B<< C<h> >> Don't scroll to bottom on TTY output
1658	B<< C<l> >> Scroll to bottom on TTY output	1909	B<< C<l> >> Scroll to bottom on TTY output
1659		1910
1660	=end table	1911	=end table
1661		1912
1662	=item B<< C<Ps = 1011> >> (B<rxvt>)	1913	=item B<< C<Pm = 1011> >> (B<rxvt>)
1663		1914
1664	=begin table	1915	=begin table
1665		1916
1666	B<< C<h> >> Scroll to bottom when a key is pressed	1917	B<< C<h> >> Scroll to bottom when a key is pressed
1667	B<< C<l> >> Don't scroll to bottom when a key is pressed	1918	B<< C<l> >> Don't scroll to bottom when a key is pressed
1668		1919
1669	=end table	1920	=end table
1670		1921
1671	=item B<< C<Ps = 1021> >> (B<rxvt>)	1922	=item B<< C<Pm = 1021> >> (B<rxvt>)
1672		1923
1673	=begin table	1924	=begin table
1674		1925
1675	B<< C<h> >> Bold/italic implies high intensity (see option B<-is>)	1926	B<< C<h> >> Bold/italic implies high intensity (see option B<-is>)
1676	B<< C<l> >> Font styles have no effect on intensity (Compile styles)	1927	B<< C<l> >> Font styles have no effect on intensity (Compile styles)
1677		1928
1678	=end table	1929	=end table
1679		1930
1680	=item B<< C<Ps = 1047> >>	1931	=item B<< C<Pm = 1047> >>
1681		1932
1682	=begin table	1933	=begin table
1683		1934
1684	B<< C<h> >> Use Alternate Screen Buffer	1935	B<< C<h> >> Use Alternate Screen Buffer
1685	B<< C<l> >> Use Normal Screen Buffer - clear Alternate Screen Buffer if returning from it	1936	B<< C<l> >> Use Normal Screen Buffer - clear Alternate Screen Buffer if returning from it
1686		1937
1687	=end table	1938	=end table
1688		1939
1689	=item B<< C<Ps = 1048> >>	1940	=item B<< C<Pm = 1048> >>
1690		1941
1691	=begin table	1942	=begin table
1692		1943
1693	B<< C<h> >> Save cursor position	1944	B<< C<h> >> Save cursor position
1694	B<< C<l> >> Restore cursor position	1945	B<< C<l> >> Restore cursor position
1695		1946
1696	=end table	1947	=end table
1697		1948
1698	=item B<< C<Ps = 1049> >>	1949	=item B<< C<Pm = 1049> >>
1699		1950
1700	=begin table	1951	=begin table
1701		1952
1702	B<< C<h> >> Use Alternate Screen Buffer - clear Alternate Screen Buffer if switching to it	1953	B<< C<h> >> Use Alternate Screen Buffer - clear Alternate Screen Buffer if switching to it
1703	B<< C<l> >> Use Normal Screen Buffer	1954	B<< C<l> >> Use Normal Screen Buffer
…		…
1708		1959
1709	=back	1960	=back
1710		1961
1711	X<XTerm>	1962	X<XTerm>
1712		1963
1713	=head1 XTerm Operating System Commands	1964	=head2 XTerm Operating System Commands
1714		1965
1715	=over 4	1966	=over 4
1716		1967
1717	=item B<< C<ESC ] Ps;Pt ST> >>	1968	=item B<< C<ESC ] Ps;Pt ST> >>
1718		1969
…		…
1756		2007
1757	=end table	2008	=end table
1758		2009
1759	=back	2010	=back
1760		2011
1761	X<XPM>
1762
1763	=head1 XPM	2012	=head1 XPM
1764		2013
1765	For the XPM XTerm escape sequence B<< C<ESC ] 20 ; Pt ST> >> then value	2014	For the XPM XTerm escape sequence B<< C<ESC ] 20 ; Pt ST> >> then value
1766	of B<< C<Pt> >> can be the name of the background pixmap followed by a	2015	of B<< C<Pt> >> can be the name of the background pixmap followed by a
1767	sequence of scaling/positioning commands separated by semi-colons. The	2016	sequence of scaling/positioning commands separated by semi-colons. The
…		…
1864	=begin table	2113	=begin table
1865		2114
1866	4 Shift	2115	4 Shift
1867	8 Meta	2116	8 Meta
1868	16 Control	2117	16 Control
1869	32 Double Click I<(Rxvt extension)>	2118	32 Double Click I<(rxvt extension)>
1870		2119
1871	=end table	2120	=end table
1872		2121
1873	Col = B<< C<< <x> - SPACE >> >>	2122	Col = B<< C<< <x> - SPACE >> >>
1874		2123
…		…
1952		2201
1953	=head1 CONFIGURE OPTIONS	2202	=head1 CONFIGURE OPTIONS
1954		2203
1955	General hint: if you get compile errors, then likely your configuration	2204	General hint: if you get compile errors, then likely your configuration
1956	hasn't been tested well. Either try with C<--enable-everything> or use	2205	hasn't been tested well. Either try with C<--enable-everything> or use
1957	the F<./reconf> script as a base for experiments. F<./reconf> is used by	2206	the default configuration (i.e. C<--enable-xxx> or C<--disable-xxx>). Of
1958	myself, so it should generally be a working config. Of course, you should	2207	course, you should always report when a combination doesn't work, so it
1959	always report when a combination doesn't work, so it can be fixed. Marc	2208	can be fixed. Marc Lehmann <rxvt@schmorp.de>.
1960	Lehmann <rxvt@schmorp.de>.
1961		2209
1962	All	2210	All
1963		2211
1964	=over 4	2212	=over 4
1965		2213
…		…
1997		2245
1998	=begin table	2246	=begin table
1999		2247
2000	all all available codeset groups	2248	all all available codeset groups
2001	zh common chinese encodings	2249	zh common chinese encodings
2002	zh_ext rarely used but very big chinese encodigs	2250	zh_ext rarely used but very big chinese encodings
2003	jp common japanese encodings	2251	jp common japanese encodings
2004	jp_ext rarely used but big japanese encodings	2252	jp_ext rarely used but big japanese encodings
2005	kr korean encodings	2253	kr korean encodings
2006		2254
2007	=end table	2255	=end table
…		…
2021	requirements per character from 2 to 4 bytes. X11 fonts do not yet	2269	requirements per character from 2 to 4 bytes. X11 fonts do not yet
2022	support these extra characters, but Xft does.	2270	support these extra characters, but Xft does.
2023		2271
2024	Please note that rxvt-unicode can store unicode code points >65535	2272	Please note that rxvt-unicode can store unicode code points >65535
2025	even without this flag, but the number of such characters is	2273	even without this flag, but the number of such characters is
2026	limited to a view thousand (shared with combining characters,	2274	limited to a few thousand (shared with combining characters,
2027	see next switch), and right now rxvt-unicode cannot display them	2275	see next switch), and right now rxvt-unicode cannot display them
2028	(input/output and cut&paste still work, though).	2276	(input/output and cut&paste still work, though).
2029		2277
2030	=item --enable-combining (default: on)	2278	=item --enable-combining (default: on)
2031		2279
…		…
2145	A non-exhaustive list of features enabled by C<--enable-frills> (possibly	2393	A non-exhaustive list of features enabled by C<--enable-frills> (possibly
2146	in combination with other switches) is:	2394	in combination with other switches) is:
2147		2395
2148	MWM-hints	2396	MWM-hints
2149	EWMH-hints (pid, utf8 names) and protocols (ping)	2397	EWMH-hints (pid, utf8 names) and protocols (ping)
		2398	urgency hint
2150	seperate underline colour (-underlineColor)	2399	seperate underline colour (-underlineColor)
2151	settable border widths and borderless switch (-w, -b, -bl)	2400	settable border widths and borderless switch (-w, -b, -bl)
2152	visual depth selection (-depth)	2401	visual depth selection (-depth)
2153	settable extra linespacing /-lsp)	2402	settable extra linespacing /-lsp)
2154	iso-14755-2 and -3, and visual feedback	2403	iso-14755 5.1 (basic) support
2155	tripleclickwords (-tcw)	2404	tripleclickwords (-tcw)
2156	settable insecure mode (-insecure)	2405	settable insecure mode (-insecure)
2157	keysym remapping support	2406	keysym remapping support
2158	cursor blinking and underline cursor (-cb, -uc)	2407	cursor blinking and underline cursor (-cb, -uc)
2159	XEmbed support (-embed)	2408	XEmbed support (-embed)
2160	user-pty (-pty-fd)	2409	user-pty (-pty-fd)
2161	hold on exit (-hold)	2410	hold on exit (-hold)
2162	skip builtin block graphics (-sbg)	2411	skip builtin block graphics (-sbg)
		2412	separate highlightcolor support (-hc)
2163		2413
2164	It also enabled some non-essential features otherwise disabled, such as:	2414	It also enables some non-essential features otherwise disabled, such as:
2165		2415
2166	some round-trip time optimisations	2416	some round-trip time optimisations
2167	nearest color allocation on pseudocolor screens	2417	nearest color allocation on pseudocolor screens
2168	UTF8_STRING supporr for selection	2418	UTF8_STRING support for selection
2169	sgr modes 90..97 and 100..107	2419	sgr modes 90..97 and 100..107
2170	backindex and forwardindex escape sequences	2420	backindex and forwardindex escape sequences
2171	view change/zero scorllback esacpe sequences	2421	view change/zero scrollback escape sequences
2172	locale switching escape sequence	2422	locale switching escape sequence
2173	window op and some xterm/OSC escape sequences	2423	window op and some xterm/OSC escape sequences
2174	rectangular selections	2424	rectangular selections
2175	trailing space removal for selections	2425	trailing space removal for selections
2176	verbose X error handling	2426	verbose X error handling
…		…
2195		2445
2196	Add support for continual scrolling (using the mouse wheel as an	2446	Add support for continual scrolling (using the mouse wheel as an
2197	accelerator) while the control key is held down. This option	2447	accelerator) while the control key is held down. This option
2198	requires --enable-mousewheel to also be specified.	2448	requires --enable-mousewheel to also be specified.
2199		2449
2200	=item --disable-new-selection
2201
2202	Remove support for mouse selection style like that of xterm.
2203
2204	=item --enable-dmalloc (default: off)
2205
2206	Use Gray Watson's malloc - which is good for debugging See
2207	http://www.letters.com/dmalloc/ for details If you use either this or the
2208	next option, you may need to edit src/Makefile after compiling to point
2209	DINCLUDE and DLIB to the right places.
2210
2211	You can only use either this option and the following (should
2212	you use either) .
2213
2214	=item --enable-dlmalloc (default: off)
2215
2216	Use Doug Lea's malloc - which is good for a production version
2217	See L<http://g.oswego.edu/dl/html/malloc.html> for details.
2218
2219	=item --enable-smart-resize (default: on)	2450	=item --enable-smart-resize (default: on)
2220		2451
2221	Add smart growth/shrink behaviour when changing font size via hot	2452	Add smart growth/shrink behaviour when changing font size via hot
2222	keys. This should keep the window corner which is closest to a corner of	2453	keys. This should keep the window corner which is closest to a corner of
2223	the screen in a fixed position.	2454	the screen in a fixed position.
…		…
2227	Add support to have the pointer disappear when typing or inactive.	2458	Add support to have the pointer disappear when typing or inactive.
2228		2459
2229	=item --enable-perl (default: on)	2460	=item --enable-perl (default: on)
2230		2461
2231	Enable an embedded perl interpreter. See the B<@@RXVT_NAME@@perl(3)>	2462	Enable an embedded perl interpreter. See the B<@@RXVT_NAME@@perl(3)>
2232	manpage (F<doc/rxvtperl.txt>) for more info on this feature, or the files	2463	manpage (F<doc/rxvtperl.txt>) for more info on this feature, or the
2233	in F<src/perl-ext/> for the extensions that are installed by default. The	2464	files in F<src/perl-ext/> for the extensions that are installed by
2234	perl interpreter that is used can be specified via the C<PERL> environment	2465	default. The perl interpreter that is used can be specified via the
2235	variable when running configure.	2466	C<PERL> environment variable when running configure. Even when compiled
		2467	in, perl will I<not> be initialised when all extensions have been disabled
		2468	C<-pe "" --perl-ext-common "">, so it should be safe to enable from a
		2469	resource standpoint.
2236		2470
2237	=item --with-name=NAME (default: urxvt)	2471	=item --with-name=NAME (default: urxvt)
2238		2472
2239	Set the basename for the installed binaries, resulting	2473	Set the basename for the installed binaries, resulting
2240	in C<urxvt>, C<urxvtd> etc.). Specify C<--with-name=rxvt> to replace with	2474	in C<urxvt>, C<urxvtd> etc.). Specify C<--with-name=rxvt> to replace with

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