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Revision 1.78 by root, Thu Jan 12 05:37:34 2006 UTC vs.
Revision 1.155 by ayin, Sun Dec 9 12:15:39 2007 UTC

…		…
16	=head1 DESCRIPTION	16	=head1 DESCRIPTION
17		17
18	This document contains the FAQ, the RXVT TECHNICAL REFERENCE documenting	18	This document contains the FAQ, the RXVT TECHNICAL REFERENCE documenting
19	all escape sequences, and other background information.	19	all escape sequences, and other background information.
20		20
21	The newest version of this document is	21	The newest version of this document is also available on the World Wide Web at
22	also available on the World Wide Web at
23	L<http://cvs.schmorp.de/browse/*checkout*/rxvt-unicode/doc/rxvt.7.html>.	22	L<http://cvs.schmorp.de/browse/rxvt-unicode/doc/rxvt.7.html>.
24		23
25	=head1 FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS	24	=head1 RXVT-UNICODE/URXVT FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS
26		25
27	=over 4
28		26
29	=item I don't like the new selection/popups/hotkeys/perl, how do I	27	=head2 Meta, Features & Commandline Issues
30	change/disable it?
31		28
32	You can disable the perl extension completely by setting the	29	=head3 My question isn't answered here, can I ask a human?
33	B<perl-ext-common> resource to the empty string, which also keeps
34	rxvt-unicode from initialising perl, saving memory.
35		30
36	If you only want to disable specific features, you first have to	31	Before sending me mail, you could go to IRC: C<irc.freenode.net>,
37	identify which perl extension is responsible. For this, read the section	32	channel C<#rxvt-unicode> has some rxvt-unicode enthusiasts that might be
38	B<PREPACKAGED EXTENSIONS> in the @@RXVT_NAME@@perl(3) manpage. For	33	interested in learning about new and exciting problems (but not FAQs :).
39	example, to disable the B<selection-popup> and B<option-popup>, specify
40	this B<perl-ext-common> resource:
41		34
42	URxvt.perl-ext-common: default,-selection-popup,-option-popup	35	=head3 Does it support tabs, can I have a tabbed rxvt-unicode?
43		36
44	This will keep the default extensions, but disable the two popup	37	Beginning with version 7.3, there is a perl extension that implements a
45	extensions. Some extensions can also be configured, for example,	38	simple tabbed terminal. It is installed by default, so any of these should
46	scrollback search mode is triggered by B<M-s>. You can move it to any	39	give you tabs:
47	other combination either by setting the B<searchable-scrollback> resource:
48		40
49	URxvt.searchable-scrollback: CM-s	41	@@URXVT_NAME@@ -pe tabbed
50		42
		43	URxvt.perl-ext-common: default,tabbed
		44
		45	It will also work fine with tabbing functionality of many window managers
		46	or similar tabbing programs, and its embedding-features allow it to be
		47	embedded into other programs, as witnessed by F<doc/rxvt-tabbed> or
		48	the upcoming C<Gtk2::URxvt> perl module, which features a tabbed urxvt
		49	(murxvt) terminal as an example embedding application.
		50
		51	=head3 How do I know which rxvt-unicode version I'm using?
		52
		53	The version number is displayed with the usage (-h). Also the escape
		54	sequence C<ESC [ 8 n> sets the window title to the version number. When
		55	using the @@URXVT_NAME@@c client, the version displayed is that of the
		56	daemon.
		57
		58	=head3 Rxvt-unicode uses gobs of memory, how can I reduce that?
		59
		60	Rxvt-unicode tries to obey the rule of not charging you for something you
		61	don't use. One thing you should try is to configure out all settings that
		62	you don't need, for example, Xft support is a resource hog by design,
		63	when used. Compiling it out ensures that no Xft font will be loaded
		64	accidentally when rxvt-unicode tries to find a font for your characters.
		65
		66	Also, many people (me included) like large windows and even larger
		67	scrollback buffers: Without C<--enable-unicode3>, rxvt-unicode will use
		68	6 bytes per screen cell. For a 160x?? window this amounts to almost a
		69	kilobyte per line. A scrollback buffer of 10000 lines will then (if full)
		70	use 10 Megabytes of memory. With C<--enable-unicode3> it gets worse, as
		71	rxvt-unicode then uses 8 bytes per screen cell.
		72
		73	=head3 How can I start @@URXVT_NAME@@d in a race-free way?
		74
		75	Try C<@@URXVT_NAME@@d -f -o>, which tells @@URXVT_NAME@@d to open the
		76	display, create the listening socket and then fork.
		77
		78	=head3 How can I start @@URXVT_NAME@@d automatically when I run @@URXVT_NAME@@c?
		79
		80	If you want to start @@URXVT_NAME@@d automatically whenever you run
		81	@@URXVT_NAME@@c and the daemon isn't running yet, use this script:
		82
		83	#!/bin/sh
		84	@@URXVT_NAME@@c "$@"
		85	if [ $? -eq 2 ]; then
		86	@@URXVT_NAME@@d -q -o -f
		87	@@URXVT_NAME@@c "$@"
		88	fi
		89
		90	This tries to create a new terminal, and if fails with exit status 2,
		91	meaning it couldn't connect to the daemon, it will start the daemon and
		92	re-run the command. Subsequent invocations of the script will re-use the
		93	existing daemon.
		94
		95	=head3 How do I distinguish whether I'm running rxvt-unicode or a regular xterm? I need this to decide about setting colors etc.
		96
		97	The original rxvt and rxvt-unicode always export the variable "COLORTERM",
		98	so you can check and see if that is set. Note that several programs, JED,
		99	slrn, Midnight Commander automatically check this variable to decide
		100	whether or not to use color.
		101
		102	=head3 How do I set the correct, full IP address for the DISPLAY variable?
		103
		104	If you've compiled rxvt-unicode with DISPLAY_IS_IP and have enabled
		105	insecure mode then it is possible to use the following shell script
		106	snippets to correctly set the display. If your version of rxvt-unicode
		107	wasn't also compiled with ESCZ_ANSWER (as assumed in these snippets) then
		108	the COLORTERM variable can be used to distinguish rxvt-unicode from a
		109	regular xterm.
		110
		111	Courtesy of Chuck Blake <cblake@BBN.COM> with the following shell script
		112	snippets:
		113
		114	# Bourne/Korn/POSIX family of shells:
		115	[ ${TERM:-foo} = foo ] && TERM=xterm # assume an xterm if we don't know
		116	if [ ${TERM:-foo} = xterm ]; then
		117	stty -icanon -echo min 0 time 15 # see if enhanced rxvt or not
		118	echo -n '^[Z'
		119	read term_id
		120	stty icanon echo
		121	if [ ""${term_id} = '^[[?1;2C' -a ${DISPLAY:-foo} = foo ]; then
		122	echo -n '^[[7n' # query the rxvt we are in for the DISPLAY string
		123	read DISPLAY # set it in our local shell
		124	fi
		125	fi
		126
		127	=head3 How do I compile the manual pages on my own?
		128
		129	You need to have a recent version of perl installed as F</usr/bin/perl>,
		130	one that comes with F<pod2man>, F<pod2text> and F<pod2xhtml> (from
		131	F<Pod::Xhtml>). Then go to the doc subdirectory and enter C<make alldoc>.
		132
51	=item Isn't rxvt supposed to be small? Don't all those features bloat?	133	=head3 Isn't rxvt-unicode supposed to be small? Don't all those features bloat?
52		134
53	I often get asked about this, and I think, no, they didn't cause extra	135	I often get asked about this, and I think, no, they didn't cause extra
54	bloat. If you compare a minimal rxvt and a minimal urxvt, you can see	136	bloat. If you compare a minimal rxvt and a minimal urxvt, you can see
55	that the urxvt binary is larger (due to some encoding tables always being	137	that the urxvt binary is larger (due to some encoding tables always being
56	compiled in), but it actually uses less memory (RSS) after startup. Even	138	compiled in), but it actually uses less memory (RSS) after startup. Even
…		…
60		142
61	text data bss drs rss filename	143	text data bss drs rss filename
62	98398 1664 24 15695 1824 rxvt --disable-everything	144	98398 1664 24 15695 1824 rxvt --disable-everything
63	188985 9048 66616 18222 1788 urxvt --disable-everything	145	188985 9048 66616 18222 1788 urxvt --disable-everything
64		146
65	When you C<--enable-everything> (which _is_ unfair, as this involves xft	147	When you C<--enable-everything> (which I<is> unfair, as this involves xft
66	and full locale/XIM support which are quite bloaty inside libX11 and my	148	and full locale/XIM support which are quite bloaty inside libX11 and my
67	libc), the two diverge, but not unreasnobaly so.	149	libc), the two diverge, but not unreasonably so.
68		150
69	text data bss drs rss filename	151	text data bss drs rss filename
70	163431 2152 24 20123 2060 rxvt --enable-everything	152	163431 2152 24 20123 2060 rxvt --enable-everything
71	1035683 49680 66648 29096 3680 urxvt --enable-everything	153	1035683 49680 66648 29096 3680 urxvt --enable-everything
72		154
…		…
88	(21152k + extra 4204k in separate processes) or konsole (22200k + extra	170	(21152k + extra 4204k in separate processes) or konsole (22200k + extra
89	43180k in daemons that stay around after exit, plus half a minute of	171	43180k in daemons that stay around after exit, plus half a minute of
90	startup time, including the hundreds of warnings it spits out), it fares	172	startup time, including the hundreds of warnings it spits out), it fares
91	extremely well *g*.	173	extremely well *g*.
92		174
93	=item Why C++, isn't that unportable/bloated/uncool?	175	=head3 Why C++, isn't that unportable/bloated/uncool?
94		176
95	Is this a question? :) It comes up very often. The simple answer is: I had	177	Is this a question? :) It comes up very often. The simple answer is: I had
96	to write it, and C++ allowed me to write and maintain it in a fraction	178	to write it, and C++ allowed me to write and maintain it in a fraction
97	of the time and effort (which is a scarce resource for me). Put even	179	of the time and effort (which is a scarce resource for me). Put even
98	shorter: It simply wouldn't exist without C++.	180	shorter: It simply wouldn't exist without C++.
…		…
115		197
116	And here is rxvt-unicode:	198	And here is rxvt-unicode:
117		199
118	libX11.so.6 => /usr/X11R6/lib/libX11.so.6 (0x00002aaaaabc3000)	200	libX11.so.6 => /usr/X11R6/lib/libX11.so.6 (0x00002aaaaabc3000)
119	libgcc_s.so.1 => /lib/libgcc_s.so.1 (0x00002aaaaada2000)	201	libgcc_s.so.1 => /lib/libgcc_s.so.1 (0x00002aaaaada2000)
120	libc.so.6 => /lib/libc.so.6 (0x00002aaaaaeb0000)	202	libc.so.6 => /lib/libc.so.6 (0x00002aaaaaeb0000)
121	libdl.so.2 => /lib/libdl.so.2 (0x00002aaaab0ee000)	203	libdl.so.2 => /lib/libdl.so.2 (0x00002aaaab0ee000)
122	/lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (0x00002aaaaaaab000)	204	/lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (0x00002aaaaaaab000)
123		205
124	No large bloated libraries (of course, none were linked in statically),	206	No large bloated libraries (of course, none were linked in statically),
125	except maybe libX11 :)	207	except maybe libX11 :)
126		208
127	=item Does it support tabs, can I have a tabbed rxvt-unicode?
128		209
129	rxvt-unicode does not directly support tabs. It will work fine with	210	=head2 Rendering, Font & Look and Feel Issues
130	tabbing functionality of many window managers or similar tabbing programs,
131	and its embedding-features allow it to be embedded into other programs,
132	as witnessed by F<doc/rxvt-tabbed> or the upcoming C<Gtk2::URxvt> perl
133	module, which features a tabbed urxvt (murxvt) terminal as an example
134	embedding application.
135		211
136	=item How do I know which rxvt-unicode version I'm using?	212	=head3 I can't get transparency working, what am I doing wrong?
137		213
138	The version number is displayed with the usage (-h). Also the escape	214	First of all, please address all transparency related issues to Sasha Vasko at
139	sequence C<ESC [ 8 n> sets the window title to the version number. When	215	sasha@aftercode.net and do not bug the author about it. Also, if you can't
140	using the @@RXVT_NAME@@c client, the version displayed is that of the	216	get it working consider it a rite of passage: ... and you failed.
141	daemon.
142		217
143	=item I am using Debian GNU/Linux and have a problem...	218	Here are four ways to get transparency. B<Do> read the manpage and option
		219	descriptions for the programs mentioned and rxvt-unicode. Really, do it!
144		220
145	The Debian GNU/Linux package of rxvt-unicode in sarge contains large	221	1. Use transparent mode:
146	patches that considerably change the behaviour of rxvt-unicode. Before
147	reporting a bug to the original rxvt-unicode author please download and
148	install the genuine version (L<http://software.schmorp.de#rxvt-unicode>)
149	and try to reproduce the problem. If you cannot, chances are that the
150	problems are specific to Debian GNU/Linux, in which case it should be
151	reported via the Debian Bug Tracking System (use C<reportbug> to report
152	the bug).
153		222
154	For other problems that also affect the Debian package, you can and	223	Esetroot wallpaper.jpg
155	probably should use the Debian BTS, too, because, after all, it's also a	224	@@URXVT_NAME@@ -tr -tint red -sh 40
156	bug in the Debian version and it serves as a reminder for other users that
157	might encounter the same issue.
158		225
159	=item I am maintaining rxvt-unicode for distribution/OS XXX, any recommendation?	226	That works. If you think it doesn't, you lack transparency and tinting
		227	support, or you are unable to read.
160		228
161	You should build one binary with the default options. F<configure>	229	2. Use a simple pixmap and emulate pseudo-transparency. This enables you
162	now enables most useful options, and the trend goes to making them	230	to use effects other than tinting and shading: Just shade/tint/whatever
163	runtime-switchable, too, so there is usually no drawback to enbaling them,	231	your picture with gimp or any other tool:
164	except higher disk and possibly memory usage. The perl interpreter should
165	be enabled, as important functionality (menus, selection, likely more in
166	the future) depends on it.
167		232
168	You should not overwrite the C<perl-ext-common> snd C<perl-ext> resources	233	convert wallpaper.jpg -blur 20x20 -modulate 30 background.jpg
169	system-wide (except maybe with C<defaults>). This will result in useful	234	@@URXVT_NAME@@ -pixmap "background.jpg;:root"
170	behaviour. If your distribution aims at low memory, add an empty
171	C<perl-ext-common> resource to the app-defaults file. This will keep the
172	perl interpreter disabled until the user enables it.
173		235
174	If you can/want build more binaries, I recommend building a minimal	236	That works. If you think it doesn't, you lack AfterImage support, or you
175	one with C<--disable-everything> (very useful) and a maximal one with	237	are unable to read.
176	C<--enable-everything> (less useful, it will be very big due to a lot of
177	encodings built-in that increase download times and are rarely used).
178		238
179	=item I need to make it setuid/setgid to support utmp/ptys on my OS, is this safe?	239	3. Use an ARGB visual:
180		240
181	Likely not. While I honestly try to make it secure, and am probably not	241	@@URXVT_NAME@@ -depth 32 -fg grey90 -bg rgba:0000/0000/4444/cccc
182	bad at it, I think it is simply unreasonable to expect all of freetype
183	+ fontconfig + xft + xlib + perl + ... + rxvt-unicode itself to all be
184	secure. Also, rxvt-unicode disables some options when it detects that it
185	runs setuid or setgid, which is not nice. Besides, with the embedded perl
186	interpreter the possibility for security problems easily multiplies.
187		242
188	Elevated privileges are only required for utmp and pty operations on some	243	This requires XFT support, and the support of your X-server. If that
189	systems (for example, GNU/Linux doesn't need any extra privileges for	244	doesn't work for you, blame Xorg and Keith Packard. ARGB visuals aren't
190	ptys, but some need it for utmp support). It is planned to mvoe this into	245	there yet, no matter what they claim. Rxvt-Unicode contains the necessary
191	a forked handler process, but this is not yet done.	246	bugfixes and workarounds for Xft and Xlib to make it work, but that
		247	doesn't mean that your WM has the required kludges in place.
192		248
193	So, while setuid/setgid operation is supported and not a problem on your	249	4. Use xcompmgr and let it do the job:
194	typical single-user-no-other-logins unix desktop, always remember that
195	its an awful lot of code, most of which isn't checked for security issues
196	regularly.
197		250
		251	xprop -frame -f _NET_WM_WINDOW_OPACITY 32c \
		252	-set _NET_WM_WINDOW_OPACITY 0xc0000000
		253
		254	Then click on a window you want to make transparent. Replace C<0xc0000000>
		255	by other values to change the degree of opacity. If it doesn't work and
		256	your server crashes, you got to keep the pieces.
		257
		258	=head3 Why does rxvt-unicode sometimes leave pixel droppings?
		259
		260	Most fonts were not designed for terminal use, which means that character
		261	size varies a lot. A font that is otherwise fine for terminal use might
		262	contain some characters that are simply too wide. Rxvt-unicode will avoid
		263	these characters. For characters that are just "a bit" too wide a special
		264	"careful" rendering mode is used that redraws adjacent characters.
		265
		266	All of this requires that fonts do not lie about character sizes,
		267	however: Xft fonts often draw glyphs larger than their acclaimed bounding
		268	box, and rxvt-unicode has no way of detecting this (the correct way is to
		269	ask for the character bounding box, which unfortunately is wrong in these
		270	cases).
		271
		272	It's not clear (to me at least), whether this is a bug in Xft, freetype,
		273	or the respective font. If you encounter this problem you might try using
		274	the C<-lsp> option to give the font more height. If that doesn't work, you
		275	might be forced to use a different font.
		276
		277	All of this is not a problem when using X11 core fonts, as their bounding
		278	box data is correct.
		279
		280	=head3 How can I keep rxvt-unicode from using reverse video so much?
		281
		282	First of all, make sure you are running with the right terminal settings
		283	(C<TERM=rxvt-unicode>), which will get rid of most of these effects. Then
		284	make sure you have specified colours for italic and bold, as otherwise
		285	rxvt-unicode might use reverse video to simulate the effect:
		286
		287	URxvt.colorBD: white
		288	URxvt.colorIT: green
		289
		290	=head3 Some programs assume totally weird colours (red instead of blue), how can I fix that?
		291
		292	For some unexplainable reason, some rare programs assume a very weird
		293	colour palette when confronted with a terminal with more than the standard
		294	8 colours (rxvt-unicode supports 88). The right fix is, of course, to fix
		295	these programs not to assume non-ISO colours without very good reasons.
		296
		297	In the meantime, you can either edit your C<rxvt-unicode> terminfo
		298	definition to only claim 8 colour support or use C<TERM=rxvt>, which will
		299	fix colours but keep you from using other rxvt-unicode features.
		300
		301	=head3 Can I switch the fonts at runtime?
		302
		303	Yes, using an escape sequence. Try something like this, which has the same
		304	effect as using the C<-fn> switch, and takes effect immediately:
		305
		306	printf '\33]50;%s\007' "9x15bold,xft:Kochi Gothic"
		307
		308	This is useful if you e.g. work primarily with japanese (and prefer a
		309	japanese font), but you have to switch to chinese temporarily, where
		310	japanese fonts would only be in your way.
		311
		312	You can think of this as a kind of manual ISO-2022 switching.
		313
		314	=head3 Why do italic characters look as if clipped?
		315
		316	Many fonts have difficulties with italic characters and hinting. For
		317	example, the otherwise very nicely hinted font C<xft:Bitstream Vera Sans
		318	Mono> completely fails in its italic face. A workaround might be to
		319	enable freetype autohinting, i.e. like this:
		320
		321	URxvt.italicFont: xft:Bitstream Vera Sans Mono:italic:autohint=true
		322	URxvt.boldItalicFont: xft:Bitstream Vera Sans Mono:bold:italic:autohint=true
		323
		324	=head3 Can I speed up Xft rendering somehow?
		325
		326	Yes, the most obvious way to speed it up is to avoid Xft entirely, as
		327	it is simply slow. If you still want Xft fonts you might try to disable
		328	antialiasing (by appending C<:antialias=false>), which saves lots of
		329	memory and also speeds up rendering considerably.
		330
		331	=head3 Rxvt-unicode doesn't seem to anti-alias its fonts, what is wrong?
		332
		333	Rxvt-unicode will use whatever you specify as a font. If it needs to
		334	fall back to its default font search list it will prefer X11 core
		335	fonts, because they are small and fast, and then use Xft fonts. It has
		336	antialiasing disabled for most of them, because the author thinks they
		337	look best that way.
		338
		339	If you want antialiasing, you have to specify the fonts manually.
		340
		341	=head3 What's with this bold/blink stuff?
		342
		343	If no bold colour is set via C<colorBD:>, bold will invert text using the
		344	standard foreground colour.
		345
		346	For the standard background colour, blinking will actually make
		347	the text blink when compiled with C<--enable-text-blink>. Without
		348	C<--enable-text-blink>, the blink attribute will be ignored.
		349
		350	On ANSI colours, bold/blink attributes are used to set high-intensity
		351	foreground/background colors.
		352
		353	color0-7 are the low-intensity colors.
		354
		355	color8-15 are the corresponding high-intensity colors.
		356
		357	=head3 I don't like the screen colors. How do I change them?
		358
		359	You can change the screen colors at run-time using F<~/.Xdefaults>
		360	resources (or as long-options).
		361
		362	Here are values that are supposed to resemble a VGA screen,
		363	including the murky brown that passes for low-intensity yellow:
		364
		365	URxvt.color0: #000000
		366	URxvt.color1: #A80000
		367	URxvt.color2: #00A800
		368	URxvt.color3: #A8A800
		369	URxvt.color4: #0000A8
		370	URxvt.color5: #A800A8
		371	URxvt.color6: #00A8A8
		372	URxvt.color7: #A8A8A8
		373
		374	URxvt.color8: #000054
		375	URxvt.color9: #FF0054
		376	URxvt.color10: #00FF54
		377	URxvt.color11: #FFFF54
		378	URxvt.color12: #0000FF
		379	URxvt.color13: #FF00FF
		380	URxvt.color14: #00FFFF
		381	URxvt.color15: #FFFFFF
		382
		383	And here is a more complete set of non-standard colors.
		384
		385	URxvt.cursorColor: #dc74d1
		386	URxvt.pointerColor: #dc74d1
		387	URxvt.background: #0e0e0e
		388	URxvt.foreground: #4ad5e1
		389	URxvt.color0: #000000
		390	URxvt.color8: #8b8f93
		391	URxvt.color1: #dc74d1
		392	URxvt.color9: #dc74d1
		393	URxvt.color2: #0eb8c7
		394	URxvt.color10: #0eb8c7
		395	URxvt.color3: #dfe37e
		396	URxvt.color11: #dfe37e
		397	URxvt.color5: #9e88f0
		398	URxvt.color13: #9e88f0
		399	URxvt.color6: #73f7ff
		400	URxvt.color14: #73f7ff
		401	URxvt.color7: #e1dddd
		402	URxvt.color15: #e1dddd
		403
		404	They have been described (not by me) as "pretty girly".
		405
		406	=head3 Why do some characters look so much different than others?
		407
		408	See next entry.
		409
		410	=head3 How does rxvt-unicode choose fonts?
		411
		412	Most fonts do not contain the full range of Unicode, which is
		413	fine. Chances are that the font you (or the admin/package maintainer of
		414	your system/os) have specified does not cover all the characters you want
		415	to display.
		416
		417	B<rxvt-unicode> makes a best-effort try at finding a replacement
		418	font. Often the result is fine, but sometimes the chosen font looks
		419	bad/ugly/wrong. Some fonts have totally strange characters that don't
		420	resemble the correct glyph at all, and rxvt-unicode lacks the artificial
		421	intelligence to detect that a specific glyph is wrong: it has to believe
		422	the font that the characters it claims to contain indeed look correct.
		423
		424	In that case, select a font of your taste and add it to the font list,
		425	e.g.:
		426
		427	@@URXVT_NAME@@ -fn basefont,font2,font3...
		428
		429	When rxvt-unicode sees a character, it will first look at the base
		430	font. If the base font does not contain the character, it will go to the
		431	next font, and so on. Specifying your own fonts will also speed up this
		432	search and use less resources within rxvt-unicode and the X-server.
		433
		434	The only limitation is that none of the fonts may be larger than the base
		435	font, as the base font defines the terminal character cell size, which
		436	must be the same due to the way terminals work.
		437
		438	=head3 Why do some chinese characters look so different than others?
		439
		440	This is because there is a difference between script and language --
		441	rxvt-unicode does not know which language the text that is output is,
		442	as it only knows the unicode character codes. If rxvt-unicode first
		443	sees a japanese/chinese character, it might choose a japanese font for
		444	display. Subsequent japanese characters will use that font. Now, many
		445	chinese characters aren't represented in japanese fonts, so when the first
		446	non-japanese character comes up, rxvt-unicode will look for a chinese font
		447	-- unfortunately at this point, it will still use the japanese font for
		448	chinese characters that are also in the japanese font.
		449
		450	The workaround is easy: just tag a chinese font at the end of your font
		451	list (see the previous question). The key is to view the font list as
		452	a preference list: If you expect more japanese, list a japanese font
		453	first. If you expect more chinese, put a chinese font first.
		454
		455	In the future it might be possible to switch language preferences at
		456	runtime (the internal data structure has no problem with using different
		457	fonts for the same character at the same time, but no interface for this
		458	has been designed yet).
		459
		460	Until then, you might get away with switching fonts at runtime (see L<Can
		461	I switch the fonts at runtime?> later in this document).
		462
		463	=head3 How can I make mplayer display video correctly?
		464
		465	We are working on it, in the meantime, as a workaround, use something like:
		466
		467	@@URXVT_NAME@@ -b 600 -geometry 20x1 -e sh -c 'mplayer -wid $WINDOWID file...'
		468
		469
		470	=head2 Keyboard, Mouse & User Interaction
		471
		472	=head3 The new selection selects pieces that are too big, how can I select single words?
		473
		474	If you want to select e.g. alphanumeric words, you can use the following
		475	setting:
		476
		477	URxvt.selection.pattern-0: ([[:word:]]+)
		478
		479	If you click more than twice, the selection will be extended
		480	more and more.
		481
		482	To get a selection that is very similar to the old code, try this pattern:
		483
		484	URxvt.selection.pattern-0: ([^"&'()*,;<=>?@[\\\\]^`{|})]+)
		485
		486	Please also note that the I<LeftClick Shift-LeftClik> combination also
		487	selects words like the old code.
		488
		489	=head3 I don't like the new selection/popups/hotkeys/perl, how do I change/disable it?
		490
		491	You can disable the perl extension completely by setting the
		492	B<perl-ext-common> resource to the empty string, which also keeps
		493	rxvt-unicode from initialising perl, saving memory.
		494
		495	If you only want to disable specific features, you first have to
		496	identify which perl extension is responsible. For this, read the section
		497	B<PREPACKAGED EXTENSIONS> in the @@URXVT_NAME@@perl(3) manpage. For
		498	example, to disable the B<selection-popup> and B<option-popup>, specify
		499	this B<perl-ext-common> resource:
		500
		501	URxvt.perl-ext-common: default,-selection-popup,-option-popup
		502
		503	This will keep the default extensions, but disable the two popup
		504	extensions. Some extensions can also be configured, for example,
		505	scrollback search mode is triggered by B<M-s>. You can move it to any
		506	other combination either by setting the B<searchable-scrollback> resource:
		507
		508	URxvt.searchable-scrollback: CM-s
		509
		510	=head3 The cursor moves when selecting text in the current input line, how do I switch this off?
		511
		512	See next entry.
		513
		514	=head3 During rlogin/ssh/telnet/etc. sessions, clicking near the cursor outputs strange escape sequences, how do I fix this?
		515
		516	These are caused by the C<readline> perl extension. Under normal
		517	circumstances, it will move your cursor around when you click into the
		518	line that contains it. It tries hard not to do this at the wrong moment,
		519	but when running a program that doesn't parse cursor movements or in some
		520	cases during rlogin sessions, it fails to detect this properly.
		521
		522	You can permanently switch this feature off by disabling the C<readline>
		523	extension:
		524
		525	URxvt.perl-ext-common: default,-readline
		526
		527	=head3 My numerical keypad acts weird and generates differing output?
		528
		529	Some Debian GNUL/Linux users seem to have this problem, although no
		530	specific details were reported so far. It is possible that this is caused
		531	by the wrong C<TERM> setting, although the details of whether and how
		532	this can happen are unknown, as C<TERM=rxvt> should offer a compatible
		533	keymap. See the answer to the previous question, and please report if that
		534	helped.
		535
		536	=head3 My Compose (Multi_key) key is no longer working.
		537
		538	The most common causes for this are that either your locale is not set
		539	correctly, or you specified a B<preeditStyle> that is not supported by
		540	your input method. For example, if you specified B<OverTheSpot> and
		541	your input method (e.g. the default input method handling Compose keys)
		542	does not support this (for instance because it is not visual), then
		543	rxvt-unicode will continue without an input method.
		544
		545	In this case either do not specify a B<preeditStyle> or specify more than
		546	one pre-edit style, such as B<OverTheSpot,Root,None>.
		547
		548	=head3 I cannot type C<Ctrl-Shift-2> to get an ASCII NUL character due to ISO 14755
		549
		550	Either try C<Ctrl-2> alone (it often is mapped to ASCII NUL even on
		551	international keyboards) or simply use ISO 14755 support to your
		552	advantage, typing <Ctrl-Shift-0> to get a ASCII NUL. This works for other
		553	codes, too, such as C<Ctrl-Shift-1-d> to type the default telnet escape
		554	character and so on.
		555
		556	=head3 Mouse cut/paste suddenly no longer works.
		557
		558	Make sure that mouse reporting is actually turned off since killing
		559	some editors prematurely may leave the mouse in mouse report mode. I've
		560	heard that tcsh may use mouse reporting unless it otherwise specified. A
		561	quick check is to see if cut/paste works when the Alt or Shift keys are
		562	depressed.
		563
		564	=head3 What's with the strange Backspace/Delete key behaviour?
		565
		566	Assuming that the physical Backspace key corresponds to the
		567	Backspace keysym (not likely for Linux ... see the following
		568	question) there are two standard values that can be used for
		569	Backspace: C<^H> and C<^?>.
		570
		571	Historically, either value is correct, but rxvt-unicode adopts the debian
		572	policy of using C<^?> when unsure, because it's the one and only correct
		573	choice :).
		574
		575	Rxvt-unicode tries to inherit the current stty settings and uses the value
		576	of `erase' to guess the value for backspace. If rxvt-unicode wasn't
		577	started from a terminal (say, from a menu or by remote shell), then the
		578	system value of `erase', which corresponds to CERASE in <termios.h>, will
		579	be used (which may not be the same as your stty setting).
		580
		581	For starting a new rxvt-unicode:
		582
		583	# use Backspace = ^H
		584	$ stty erase ^H
		585	$ @@URXVT_NAME@@
		586
		587	# use Backspace = ^?
		588	$ stty erase ^?
		589	$ @@URXVT_NAME@@
		590
		591	Toggle with C<ESC [ 36 h> / C<ESC [ 36 l>.
		592
		593	For an existing rxvt-unicode:
		594
		595	# use Backspace = ^H
		596	$ stty erase ^H
		597	$ echo -n "^[[36h"
		598
		599	# use Backspace = ^?
		600	$ stty erase ^?
		601	$ echo -n "^[[36l"
		602
		603	This helps satisfy some of the Backspace discrepancies that occur, but
		604	if you use Backspace = C<^H>, make sure that the termcap/terminfo value
		605	properly reflects that.
		606
		607	The Delete key is a another casualty of the ill-defined Backspace problem.
		608	To avoid confusion between the Backspace and Delete keys, the Delete
		609	key has been assigned an escape sequence to match the vt100 for Execute
		610	(C<ESC [ 3 ~>) and is in the supplied termcap/terminfo.
		611
		612	Some other Backspace problems:
		613
		614	some editors use termcap/terminfo,
		615	some editors (vim I'm told) expect Backspace = ^H,
		616	GNU Emacs (and Emacs-like editors) use ^H for help.
		617
		618	Perhaps someday this will all be resolved in a consistent manner.
		619
		620	=head3 I don't like the key-bindings. How do I change them?
		621
		622	There are some compile-time selections available via configure. Unless
		623	you have run "configure" with the C<--disable-resources> option you can
		624	use the `keysym' resource to alter the keystrings associated with keysyms.
		625
		626	Here's an example for a URxvt session started using C<@@URXVT_NAME@@ -name URxvt>
		627
		628	URxvt.keysym.Home: \033[1~
		629	URxvt.keysym.End: \033[4~
		630	URxvt.keysym.C-apostrophe: \033<C-'>
		631	URxvt.keysym.C-slash: \033<C-/>
		632	URxvt.keysym.C-semicolon: \033<C-;>
		633	URxvt.keysym.C-grave: \033<C-`>
		634	URxvt.keysym.C-comma: \033<C-,>
		635	URxvt.keysym.C-period: \033<C-.>
		636	URxvt.keysym.C-0x60: \033<C-`>
		637	URxvt.keysym.C-Tab: \033<C-Tab>
		638	URxvt.keysym.C-Return: \033<C-Return>
		639	URxvt.keysym.S-Return: \033<S-Return>
		640	URxvt.keysym.S-space: \033<S-Space>
		641	URxvt.keysym.M-Up: \033<M-Up>
		642	URxvt.keysym.M-Down: \033<M-Down>
		643	URxvt.keysym.M-Left: \033<M-Left>
		644	URxvt.keysym.M-Right: \033<M-Right>
		645	URxvt.keysym.M-C-0: list \033<M-C- 0123456789 >
		646	URxvt.keysym.M-C-a: list \033<M-C- abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz >
		647	URxvt.keysym.F12: command:\033]701;zh_CN.GBK\007
		648
		649	See some more examples in the documentation for the B<keysym> resource.
		650
		651	=head3 I'm using keyboard model XXX that has extra Prior/Next/Insert keys. How do I make use of them? For example, the Sun Keyboard type 4 has the following map
		652
		653	KP_Insert == Insert
		654	F22 == Print
		655	F27 == Home
		656	F29 == Prior
		657	F33 == End
		658	F35 == Next
		659
		660	Rather than have rxvt-unicode try to accommodate all the various possible
		661	keyboard mappings, it is better to use `xmodmap' to remap the keys as
		662	required for your particular machine.
		663
		664
		665	=head2 Terminal Configuration
		666
		667	=head3 Can I see a typical configuration?
		668
		669	The default configuration tries to be xterm-like, which I don't like that
		670	much, but it's least surprise to regular users.
		671
		672	As a rxvt or rxvt-unicode user, you are practically supposed to invest
		673	time into customising your terminal. To get you started, here is the
		674	author's .Xdefaults entries, with comments on what they do. It's certainly
		675	not I<typical>, but what's typical...
		676
		677	URxvt.cutchars: "()*,<>[]{}|'
		678	URxvt.print-pipe: cat >/tmp/xxx
		679
		680	These are just for testing stuff.
		681
		682	URxvt.imLocale: ja_JP.UTF-8
		683	URxvt.preeditType: OnTheSpot,None
		684
		685	This tells rxvt-unicode to use a special locale when communicating with
		686	the X Input Method, and also tells it to only use the OnTheSpot pre-edit
		687	type, which requires the C<xim-onthespot> perl extension but rewards me
		688	with correct-looking fonts.
		689
		690	URxvt.perl-lib: /root/lib/urxvt
		691	URxvt.perl-ext-common: default,selection-autotransform,selection-pastebin,xim-onthespot,remote-clipboard
		692	URxvt.selection.pattern-0: ( at .*? line \\d+)
		693	URxvt.selection.pattern-1: ^(/[^:]+):\
		694	URxvt.selection-autotransform.0: s/^([^:[:space:]]+):(\\d+):?$/:e \\Q$1\\E\\x0d:$2\\x0d/
		695	URxvt.selection-autotransform.1: s/^ at (.*?) line (\\d+)$/:e \\Q$1\\E\\x0d:$2\\x0d/
		696
		697	This is my perl configuration. The first two set the perl library
		698	directory and also tells urxvt to use a large number of extensions. I
		699	develop for myself mostly, so I actually use most of the extensions I
		700	write.
		701
		702	The selection stuff mainly makes the selection perl-error-message aware
		703	and tells it to convert perl error messages into vi-commands to load the
		704	relevant file and go tot he error line number.
		705
		706	URxvt.scrollstyle: plain
		707	URxvt.secondaryScroll: true
		708
		709	As the documentation says: plain is the preferred scrollbar for the
		710	author. The C<secondaryScroll> configures urxvt to scroll in full-screen
		711	apps, like screen, so lines scrolled out of screen end up in urxvt's
		712	scrollback buffer.
		713
		714	URxvt.background: #000000
		715	URxvt.foreground: gray90
		716	URxvt.color7: gray90
		717	URxvt.colorBD: #ffffff
		718	URxvt.cursorColor: #e0e080
		719	URxvt.throughColor: #8080f0
		720	URxvt.highlightColor: #f0f0f0
		721
		722	Some colours. Not sure which ones are being used or even non-defaults, but
		723	these are in my .Xdefaults. Most notably, they set foreground/background
		724	to light gray/black, and also make sure that the colour 7 matches the
		725	default foreground colour.
		726
		727	URxvt.underlineColor: yellow
		728
		729	Another colour, makes underline lines look different. Sometimes hurts, but
		730	is mostly a nice effect.
		731
		732	URxvt.geometry: 154x36
		733	URxvt.loginShell: false
		734	URxvt.meta: ignore
		735	URxvt.utmpInhibit: true
		736
		737	Uh, well, should be mostly self-explanatory. By specifying some defaults
		738	manually, I can quickly switch them for testing.
		739
		740	URxvt.saveLines: 8192
		741
		742	A large scrollback buffer is essential. Really.
		743
		744	URxvt.mapAlert: true
		745
		746	The only case I use it is for my IRC window, which I like to keep
		747	iconified till people msg me (which beeps).
		748
		749	URxvt.visualBell: true
		750
		751	The audible bell is often annoying, especially when in a crowd.
		752
		753	URxvt.insecure: true
		754
		755	Please don't hack my mutt! Ooops...
		756
		757	URxvt.pastableTabs: false
		758
		759	I once thought this is a great idea.
		760
		761	urxvt.font: 9x15bold,\
		762	-misc-fixed-bold-r-normal--15-140-75-75-c-90-iso10646-1,\
		763	-misc-fixed-medium-r-normal--15-140-75-75-c-90-iso10646-1, \
		764	[codeset=JISX0208]xft:Kochi Gothic, \
		765	xft:Bitstream Vera Sans Mono:autohint=true, \
		766	xft:Code2000:antialias=false
		767	urxvt.boldFont: -xos4-terminus-bold-r-normal--14-140-72-72-c-80-iso8859-15
		768	urxvt.italicFont: xft:Bitstream Vera Sans Mono:italic:autohint=true
		769	urxvt.boldItalicFont: xft:Bitstream Vera Sans Mono:bold:italic:autohint=true
		770
		771	I wrote rxvt-unicode to be able to specify fonts exactly. So don't be
		772	overwhelmed. A special note: the C<9x15bold> mentioned above is actually
		773	the version from XFree-3.3, as XFree-4 replaced it by a totally different
		774	font (different glyphs for C<;> and many other harmless characters),
		775	while the second font is actually the C<9x15bold> from XFree4/XOrg. The
		776	bold version has less chars than the medium version, so I use it for rare
		777	characters, too. When editing sources with vim, I use italic for comments
		778	and other stuff, which looks quite good with Bitstream Vera anti-aliased.
		779
		780	Terminus is a quite bad font (many very wrong glyphs), but for most of my
		781	purposes, it works, and gives a different look, as my normal (Non-bold)
		782	font is already bold, and I want to see a difference between bold and
		783	normal fonts.
		784
		785	Please note that I used the C<urxvt> instance name and not the C<URxvt>
		786	class name. Thats because I use different configs for different purposes,
		787	for example, my IRC window is started with C<-name IRC>, and uses these
		788	defaults:
		789
		790	IRC*title: IRC
		791	IRC*geometry: 87x12+535+542
		792	IRC*saveLines: 0
		793	IRC*mapAlert: true
		794	IRC*font: suxuseuro
		795	IRC*boldFont: suxuseuro
		796	IRC*colorBD: white
		797	IRC*keysym.M-C-1: command:\033]710;suxuseuro\007\033]711;suxuseuro\007
		798	IRC*keysym.M-C-2: command:\033]710;9x15bold\007\033]711;9x15bold\007
		799
		800	C<Alt-Shift-1> and C<Alt-Shift-2> switch between two different font
		801	sizes. C<suxuseuro> allows me to keep an eye (and actually read)
		802	stuff while keeping a very small window. If somebody pastes something
		803	complicated (e.g. japanese), I temporarily switch to a larger font.
		804
		805	The above is all in my C<.Xdefaults> (I don't use C<.Xresources> nor
		806	C<xrdb>). I also have some resources in a separate C<.Xdefaults-hostname>
		807	file for different hosts, for example, on ym main desktop, I use:
		808
		809	URxvt.keysym.C-M-q: command:\033[3;5;5t
		810	URxvt.keysym.C-M-y: command:\033[3;5;606t
		811	URxvt.keysym.C-M-e: command:\033[3;1605;5t
		812	URxvt.keysym.C-M-c: command:\033[3;1605;606t
		813	URxvt.keysym.C-M-p: perl:test
		814
		815	The first for keysym definitions allow me to quickly bring some windows
		816	in the layout I like most. Ion users might start laughing but will stop
		817	immediately when I tell them that I use my own Fvwm2 module for much the
		818	same effect as Ion provides, and I only very rarely use the above key
		819	combinations :->
		820
		821	=head3 Why doesn't rxvt-unicode read my resources?
		822
		823	Well, why, indeed? It does, in a way very similar to other X
		824	applications. Most importantly, this means that if you or your OS loads
		825	resources into the X display (the right way to do it), rxvt-unicode will
		826	ignore any resource files in your home directory. It will only read
		827	F<$HOME/.Xdefaults> when no resources are attached to the display.
		828
		829	If you have or use an F<$HOME/.Xresources> file, chances are that
		830	resources are loaded into your X-server. In this case, you have to
		831	re-login after every change (or run F<xrdb -merge $HOME/.Xresources>).
		832
		833	Also consider the form resources have to use:
		834
		835	URxvt.resource: value
		836
		837	If you want to use another form (there are lots of different ways of
		838	specifying resources), make sure you understand whether and why it
		839	works. If unsure, use the form above.
		840
198	=item When I log-in to another system it tells me about missing terminfo data?	841	=head3 When I log-in to another system it tells me about missing terminfo data?
199		842
200	The terminal description used by rxvt-unicode is not as widely available	843	The terminal description used by rxvt-unicode is not as widely available
201	as that for xterm, or even rxvt (for which the same problem often arises).	844	as that for xterm, or even rxvt (for which the same problem often arises).
202		845
203	The correct solution for this problem is to install the terminfo, this can	846	The correct solution for this problem is to install the terminfo, this can
204	be done like this (with ncurses' infocmp):	847	be done like this (with ncurses' infocmp and works as user and admin):
205		848
206	REMOTE=remotesystem.domain	849	REMOTE=remotesystem.domain
207	infocmp rxvt-unicode | ssh $REMOTE "cat >/tmp/ti && tic /tmp/ti"	850	infocmp rxvt-unicode | ssh $REMOTE "mkdir -p .terminfo && cat >/tmp/ti && tic /tmp/ti"
208		851
209	... or by installing rxvt-unicode normally on the remote system,	852	... or by installing rxvt-unicode normally on the remote system,
		853
		854	One some systems you might need to set C<$TERMINFO> to the full path of
		855	F<$HOME/.terminfo> for this to work.
210		856
211	If you cannot or do not want to do this, then you can simply set	857	If you cannot or do not want to do this, then you can simply set
212	C<TERM=rxvt> or even C<TERM=xterm>, and live with the small number of	858	C<TERM=rxvt> or even C<TERM=xterm>, and live with the small number of
213	problems arising, which includes wrong keymapping, less and different	859	problems arising, which includes wrong keymapping, less and different
214	colours and some refresh errors in fullscreen applications. It's a nice	860	colours and some refresh errors in fullscreen applications. It's a nice
…		…
219	resource to set it:	865	resource to set it:
220		866
221	URxvt.termName: rxvt	867	URxvt.termName: rxvt
222		868
223	If you don't plan to use B<rxvt> (quite common...) you could also replace	869	If you don't plan to use B<rxvt> (quite common...) you could also replace
224	the rxvt terminfo file with the rxvt-unicode one.	870	the rxvt terminfo file with the rxvt-unicode one and use C<TERM=rxvt>.
225		871
226	=item C<tic> outputs some error when compiling the terminfo entry.	872	=head3 C<tic> outputs some error when compiling the terminfo entry.
227		873
228	Most likely it's the empty definition for C<enacs=>. Just replace it by	874	Most likely it's the empty definition for C<enacs=>. Just replace it by
229	C<enacs=\E[0@> and try again.	875	C<enacs=\E[0@> and try again.
230		876
231	=item C<bash>'s readline does not work correctly under @@RXVT_NAME@@.	877	=head3 C<bash>'s readline does not work correctly under @@URXVT_NAME@@.
232		878
		879	See next entry.
		880
233	=item I need a termcap file entry.	881	=head3 I need a termcap file entry.
234		882
235	One reason you might want this is that some distributions or operating	883	One reason you might want this is that some distributions or operating
236	systems still compile some programs using the long-obsoleted termcap	884	systems still compile some programs using the long-obsoleted termcap
237	library (Fedora Core's bash is one example) and rely on a termcap entry	885	library (Fedora Core's bash is one example) and rely on a termcap entry
238	for C<rxvt-unicode>.	886	for C<rxvt-unicode>.
239		887
240	You could use rxvt's termcap entry with resonable results in many cases.	888	You could use rxvt's termcap entry with reasonable results in many cases.
241	You can also create a termcap entry by using terminfo's infocmp program	889	You can also create a termcap entry by using terminfo's infocmp program
242	like this:	890	like this:
243		891
244	infocmp -C rxvt-unicode	892	infocmp -C rxvt-unicode
245		893
…		…
264	:sc=\E7:se=\E[27m:sf=^J:so=\E[7m:sr=\EM:st=\EH:ta=^I:\	912	:sc=\E7:se=\E[27m:sf=^J:so=\E[7m:sr=\EM:st=\EH:ta=^I:\
265	:te=\E[r\E[?1049l:ti=\E[?1049h:ue=\E[24m:up=\E[A:\	913	:te=\E[r\E[?1049l:ti=\E[?1049h:ue=\E[24m:up=\E[A:\
266	:us=\E[4m:vb=\E[?5h\E[?5l:ve=\E[?25h:vi=\E[?25l:\	914	:us=\E[4m:vb=\E[?5h\E[?5l:ve=\E[?25h:vi=\E[?25l:\
267	:vs=\E[?25h:	915	:vs=\E[?25h:
268		916
269	=item Why does C<ls> no longer have coloured output?	917	=head3 Why does C<ls> no longer have coloured output?
270		918
271	The C<ls> in the GNU coreutils unfortunately doesn't use terminfo to	919	The C<ls> in the GNU coreutils unfortunately doesn't use terminfo to
272	decide wether a terminal has colour, but uses it's own configuration	920	decide whether a terminal has colour, but uses its own configuration
273	file. Needless to say, C<rxvt-unicode> is not in it's default file (among	921	file. Needless to say, C<rxvt-unicode> is not in its default file (among
274	with most other terminals supporting colour). Either add:	922	with most other terminals supporting colour). Either add:
275		923
276	TERM rxvt-unicode	924	TERM rxvt-unicode
277		925
278	to C</etc/DIR_COLORS> or simply add:	926	to C</etc/DIR_COLORS> or simply add:
279		927
280	alias ls='ls --color=auto'	928	alias ls='ls --color=auto'
281		929
282	to your C<.profile> or C<.bashrc>.	930	to your C<.profile> or C<.bashrc>.
283		931
284	=item Why doesn't vim/emacs etc. use the 88 colour mode?	932	=head3 Why doesn't vim/emacs etc. use the 88 colour mode?
285		933
		934	See next entry.
		935
286	=item Why doesn't vim/emacs etc. make use of italic?	936	=head3 Why doesn't vim/emacs etc. make use of italic?
287		937
		938	See next entry.
		939
288	=item Why are the secondary screen-related options not working properly?	940	=head3 Why are the secondary screen-related options not working properly?
289		941
290	Make sure you are using C<TERM=rxvt-unicode>. Some pre-packaged	942	Make sure you are using C<TERM=rxvt-unicode>. Some pre-packaged
291	distributions (most notably Debian GNU/Linux) break rxvt-unicode	943	distributions (most notably Debian GNU/Linux) break rxvt-unicode
292	by setting C<TERM> to C<rxvt>, which doesn't have these extra	944	by setting C<TERM> to C<rxvt>, which doesn't have these extra
293	features. Unfortunately, some of these (most notably, again, Debian	945	features. Unfortunately, some of these (most notably, again, Debian
294	GNU/Linux) furthermore fail to even install the C<rxvt-unicode> terminfo	946	GNU/Linux) furthermore fail to even install the C<rxvt-unicode> terminfo
295	file, so you will need to install it on your own (See the question B<When	947	file, so you will need to install it on your own (See the question B<When
296	I log-in to another system it tells me about missing terminfo data?> on	948	I log-in to another system it tells me about missing terminfo data?> on
297	how to do this).	949	how to do this).
298		950
299	=item My numerical keypad acts weird and generates differing output?
300		951
301	Some Debian GNUL/Linux users seem to have this problem, although no	952	=head2 Encoding / Locale / Input Method Issues
302	specific details were reported so far. It is possible that this is caused
303	by the wrong C<TERM> setting, although the details of wether and how
304	this can happen are unknown, as C<TERM=rxvt> should offer a compatible
305	keymap. See the answer to the previous question, and please report if that
306	helped.
307		953
308	=item Rxvt-unicode does not seem to understand the selected encoding?	954	=head3 Rxvt-unicode does not seem to understand the selected encoding?
309		955
		956	See next entry.
		957
310	=item Unicode does not seem to work?	958	=head3 Unicode does not seem to work?
311		959
312	If you encounter strange problems like typing an accented character but	960	If you encounter strange problems like typing an accented character but
313	getting two unrelated other characters or similar, or if program output is	961	getting two unrelated other characters or similar, or if program output is
314	subtly garbled, then you should check your locale settings.	962	subtly garbled, then you should check your locale settings.
315		963
316	Rxvt-unicode must be started with the same C<LC_CTYPE> setting as the	964	Rxvt-unicode must be started with the same C<LC_CTYPE> setting as the
317	programs. Often rxvt-unicode is started in the C<C> locale, while the	965	programs running in it. Often rxvt-unicode is started in the C<C> locale,
318	login script running within the rxvt-unicode window changes the locale to	966	while the login script running within the rxvt-unicode window changes the
319	something else, e.g. C<en_GB.UTF-8>. Needless to say, this is not going to work.	967	locale to something else, e.g. C<en_GB.UTF-8>. Needless to say, this is
		968	not going to work, and is the most common cause for problems.
320		969
321	The best thing is to fix your startup environment, as you will likely run	970	The best thing is to fix your startup environment, as you will likely run
322	into other problems. If nothing works you can try this in your .profile.	971	into other problems. If nothing works you can try this in your .profile.
323		972
324	printf '\e]701;%s\007' "$LC_CTYPE"	973	printf '\33]701;%s\007' "$LC_CTYPE" # $LANG or $LC_ALL are worth a try, too
325		974
326	If this doesn't work, then maybe you use a C<LC_CTYPE> specification not	975	If this doesn't work, then maybe you use a C<LC_CTYPE> specification not
327	supported on your systems. Some systems have a C<locale> command which	976	supported on your systems. Some systems have a C<locale> command which
328	displays this (also, C<perl -e0> can be used to check locale settings, as	977	displays this (also, C<perl -e0> can be used to check locale settings, as
329	it will complain loudly if it cannot set the locale). If it displays something	978	it will complain loudly if it cannot set the locale). If it displays something
…		…
335		984
336	If nothing works and you are sure that everything is set correctly then	985	If nothing works and you are sure that everything is set correctly then
337	you will need to remember a little known fact: Some programs just don't	986	you will need to remember a little known fact: Some programs just don't
338	support locales :(	987	support locales :(
339		988
340	=item Why do some characters look so much different than others?	989	=head3 How does rxvt-unicode determine the encoding to use?
341		990
342	=item How does rxvt-unicode choose fonts?	991	See next entry.
343		992
344	Most fonts do not contain the full range of Unicode, which is	993	=head3 Is there an option to switch encodings?
345	fine. Chances are that the font you (or the admin/package maintainer of
346	your system/os) have specified does not cover all the characters you want
347	to display.
348		994
349	B<rxvt-unicode> makes a best-effort try at finding a replacement	995	Unlike some other terminals, rxvt-unicode has no encoding switch, and no
350	font. Often the result is fine, but sometimes the chosen font looks	996	specific "utf-8" mode, such as xterm. In fact, it doesn't even know about
351	bad/ugly/wrong. Some fonts have totally strange characters that don't	997	UTF-8 or any other encodings with respect to terminal I/O.
352	resemble the correct glyph at all, and rxvt-unicode lacks the artificial
353	intelligence to detect that a specific glyph is wrong: it has to believe
354	the font that the characters it claims to contain indeed look correct.
355		998
356	In that case, select a font of your taste and add it to the font list,	999	The reasons is that there exists a perfectly fine mechanism for selecting
357	e.g.:	1000	the encoding, doing I/O and (most important) communicating this to all
358		1001	applications so everybody agrees on character properties such as width
359	@@RXVT_NAME@@ -fn basefont,font2,font3...	1002	and code number. This mechanism is the I<locale>. Applications not using
360		1003	that info will have problems (for example, C<xterm> gets the width of
361	When rxvt-unicode sees a character, it will first look at the base	1004	characters wrong as it uses its own, locale-independent table under all
362	font. If the base font does not contain the character, it will go to the
363	next font, and so on. Specifying your own fonts will also speed up this
364	search and use less resources within rxvt-unicode and the X-server.
365
366	The only limitation is that none of the fonts may be larger than the base
367	font, as the base font defines the terminal character cell size, which
368	must be the same due to the way terminals work.
369
370	=item Why do some chinese characters look so different than others?
371
372	This is because there is a difference between script and language --
373	rxvt-unicode does not know which language the text that is output is,
374	as it only knows the unicode character codes. If rxvt-unicode first
375	sees a japanese/chinese character, it might choose a japanese font for
376	display. Subsequent japanese characters will use that font. Now, many
377	chinese characters aren't represented in japanese fonts, so when the first
378	non-japanese character comes up, rxvt-unicode will look for a chinese font
379	-- unfortunately at this point, it will still use the japanese font for
380	chinese characters that are also in the japanese font.
381
382	The workaround is easy: just tag a chinese font at the end of your font
383	list (see the previous question). The key is to view the font list as
384	a preference list: If you expect more japanese, list a japanese font
385	first. If you expect more chinese, put a chinese font first.
386
387	In the future it might be possible to switch language preferences at
388	runtime (the internal data structure has no problem with using different
389	fonts for the same character at the same time, but no interface for this
390	has been designed yet).
391
392	Until then, you might get away with switching fonts at runtime (see L<Can
393	I switch the fonts at runtime?> later in this document).
394
395	=item Why does rxvt-unicode sometimes leave pixel droppings?
396
397	Most fonts were not designed for terminal use, which means that character
398	size varies a lot. A font that is otherwise fine for terminal use might
399	contain some characters that are simply too wide. Rxvt-unicode will avoid
400	these characters. For characters that are just "a bit" too wide a special
401	"careful" rendering mode is used that redraws adjacent characters.
402
403	All of this requires that fonts do not lie about character sizes,
404	however: Xft fonts often draw glyphs larger than their acclaimed bounding
405	box, and rxvt-unicode has no way of detecting this (the correct way is to
406	ask for the character bounding box, which unfortunately is wrong in these
407	cases).	1005	locales).
408		1006
409	It's not clear (to me at least), wether this is a bug in Xft, freetype,	1007	Rxvt-unicode uses the C<LC_CTYPE> locale category to select encoding. All
410	or the respective font. If you encounter this problem you might try using	1008	programs doing the same (that is, most) will automatically agree in the
411	the C<-lsp> option to give the font more height. If that doesn't work, you	1009	interpretation of characters.
412	might be forced to use a different font.
413		1010
414	All of this is not a problem when using X11 core fonts, as their bounding	1011	Unfortunately, there is no system-independent way to select locales, nor
415	box data is correct.	1012	is there a standard on how locale specifiers will look like.
416		1013
417	=item On Solaris 9, many line-drawing characters are too wide.	1014	On most systems, the content of the C<LC_CTYPE> environment variable
		1015	contains an arbitrary string which corresponds to an already-installed
		1016	locale. Common names for locales are C<en_US.UTF-8>, C<de_DE.ISO-8859-15>,
		1017	C<ja_JP.EUC-JP>, i.e. C<language_country.encoding>, but other forms
		1018	(i.e. C<de> or C<german>) are also common.
418		1019
419	Seems to be a known bug, read	1020	Rxvt-unicode ignores all other locale categories, and except for
420	L<http://nixdoc.net/files/forum/about34198.html>. Some people use the	1021	the encoding, ignores country or language-specific settings,
421	following ugly workaround to get non-double-wide-characters working:	1022	i.e. C<de_DE.UTF-8> and C<ja_JP.UTF-8> are the normally same to
		1023	rxvt-unicode.
422		1024
423	#define wcwidth(x) wcwidth(x) > 1 ? 1 : wcwidth(x)	1025	If you want to use a specific encoding you have to make sure you start
		1026	rxvt-unicode with the correct C<LC_CTYPE> category.
424		1027
425	=item My Compose (Multi_key) key is no longer working.	1028	=head3 Can I switch locales at runtime?
426		1029
427	The most common causes for this are that either your locale is not set	1030	Yes, using an escape sequence. Try something like this, which sets
428	correctly, or you specified a B<preeditStyle> that is not supported by	1031	rxvt-unicode's idea of C<LC_CTYPE>.
429	your input method. For example, if you specified B<OverTheSpot> and
430	your input method (e.g. the default input method handling Compose keys)
431	does not support this (for instance because it is not visual), then
432	rxvt-unicode will continue without an input method.
433		1032
434	In this case either do not specify a B<preeditStyle> or specify more than	1033	printf '\33]701;%s\007' ja_JP.SJIS
435	one pre-edit style, such as B<OverTheSpot,Root,None>.
436		1034
437	=item I cannot type C<Ctrl-Shift-2> to get an ASCII NUL character due to ISO 14755	1035	See also the previous answer.
438		1036
439	Either try C<Ctrl-2> alone (it often is mapped to ASCII NUL even on	1037	Sometimes this capability is rather handy when you want to work in
440	international keyboards) or simply use ISO 14755 support to your	1038	one locale (e.g. C<de_DE.UTF-8>) but some programs don't support it
441	advantage, typing <Ctrl-Shift-0> to get a ASCII NUL. This works for other	1039	(e.g. UTF-8). For example, I use this script to start C<xjdic>, which
442	codes, too, such as C<Ctrl-Shift-1-d> to type the default telnet escape	1040	first switches to a locale supported by xjdic and back later:
443	character and so on.
444		1041
445	=item How can I keep rxvt-unicode from using reverse video so much?	1042	printf '\33]701;%s\007' ja_JP.SJIS
		1043	xjdic -js
		1044	printf '\33]701;%s\007' de_DE.UTF-8
446		1045
447	First of all, make sure you are running with the right terminal settings	1046	You can also use xterm's C<luit> program, which usually works fine, except
448	(C<TERM=rxvt-unicode>), which will get rid of most of these effects. Then	1047	for some locales where character width differs between program- and
449	make sure you have specified colours for italic and bold, as otherwise	1048	rxvt-unicode-locales.
450	rxvt-unicode might use reverse video to simulate the effect:
451		1049
452	URxvt.colorBD: white	1050	=head3 I have problems getting my input method working.
453	URxvt.colorIT: green
454		1051
455	=item Some programs assume totally weird colours (red instead of blue), how can I fix that?	1052	Try a search engine, as this is slightly different for every input method server.
456		1053
457	For some unexplainable reason, some rare programs assume a very weird	1054	Here is a checklist:
458	colour palette when confronted with a terminal with more than the standard
459	8 colours (rxvt-unicode supports 88). The right fix is, of course, to fix
460	these programs not to assume non-ISO colours without very good reasons.
461		1055
462	In the meantime, you can either edit your C<rxvt-unicode> terminfo	1056	=over 4
463	definition to only claim 8 colour support or use C<TERM=rxvt>, which will
464	fix colours but keep you from using other rxvt-unicode features.
465		1057
		1058	=item - Make sure your locale I<and> the imLocale are supported on your OS.
		1059
		1060	Try C<locale -a> or check the documentation for your OS.
		1061
		1062	=item - Make sure your locale or imLocale matches a locale supported by your XIM.
		1063
		1064	For example, B<kinput2> does not support UTF-8 locales, you should use
		1065	C<ja_JP.EUC-JP> or equivalent.
		1066
		1067	=item - Make sure your XIM server is actually running.
		1068
		1069	=item - Make sure the C<XMODIFIERS> environment variable is set correctly when I<starting> rxvt-unicode.
		1070
		1071	When you want to use e.g. B<kinput2>, it must be set to
		1072	C<@im=kinput2>. For B<scim>, use C<@im=SCIM>. You can see what input
		1073	method servers are running with this command:
		1074
		1075	xprop -root XIM_SERVERS
		1076
		1077	=item
		1078
		1079	=back
		1080
		1081	=head3 My input method wants <some encoding> but I want UTF-8, what can I do?
		1082
		1083	You can specify separate locales for the input method and the rest of the
		1084	terminal, using the resource C<imlocale>:
		1085
		1086	URxvt.imlocale: ja_JP.EUC-JP
		1087
		1088	Now you can start your terminal with C<LC_CTYPE=ja_JP.UTF-8> and still
		1089	use your input method. Please note, however, that, depending on your Xlib
		1090	version, you may not be able to input characters outside C<EUC-JP> in a
		1091	normal way then, as your input method limits you.
		1092
		1093	=head3 Rxvt-unicode crashes when the X Input Method changes or exits.
		1094
		1095	Unfortunately, this is unavoidable, as the XIM protocol is racy by
		1096	design. Applications can avoid some crashes at the expense of memory
		1097	leaks, and Input Methods can avoid some crashes by careful ordering at
		1098	exit time. B<kinput2> (and derived input methods) generally succeeds,
		1099	while B<SCIM> (or similar input methods) fails. In the end, however,
		1100	crashes cannot be completely avoided even if both sides cooperate.
		1101
		1102	So the only workaround is not to kill your Input Method Servers.
		1103
		1104
		1105	=head2 Operating Systems / Package Maintaining
		1106
		1107	=head3 I am using Debian GNU/Linux and have a problem...
		1108
		1109	The Debian GNU/Linux package of rxvt-unicode in sarge contains large
		1110	patches that considerably change the behaviour of rxvt-unicode (but
		1111	unfortunately this notice has been removed). Before reporting a bug to
		1112	the original rxvt-unicode author please download and install the genuine
		1113	version (L<http://software.schmorp.de#rxvt-unicode>) and try to reproduce
		1114	the problem. If you cannot, chances are that the problems are specific to
		1115	Debian GNU/Linux, in which case it should be reported via the Debian Bug
		1116	Tracking System (use C<reportbug> to report the bug).
		1117
		1118	For other problems that also affect the Debian package, you can and
		1119	probably should use the Debian BTS, too, because, after all, it's also a
		1120	bug in the Debian version and it serves as a reminder for other users that
		1121	might encounter the same issue.
		1122
		1123	=head3 I am maintaining rxvt-unicode for distribution/OS XXX, any recommendation?
		1124
		1125	You should build one binary with the default options. F<configure>
		1126	now enables most useful options, and the trend goes to making them
		1127	runtime-switchable, too, so there is usually no drawback to enabling them,
		1128	except higher disk and possibly memory usage. The perl interpreter should
		1129	be enabled, as important functionality (menus, selection, likely more in
		1130	the future) depends on it.
		1131
		1132	You should not overwrite the C<perl-ext-common> snd C<perl-ext> resources
		1133	system-wide (except maybe with C<defaults>). This will result in useful
		1134	behaviour. If your distribution aims at low memory, add an empty
		1135	C<perl-ext-common> resource to the app-defaults file. This will keep the
		1136	perl interpreter disabled until the user enables it.
		1137
		1138	If you can/want build more binaries, I recommend building a minimal
		1139	one with C<--disable-everything> (very useful) and a maximal one with
		1140	C<--enable-everything> (less useful, it will be very big due to a lot of
		1141	encodings built-in that increase download times and are rarely used).
		1142
		1143	=head3 I need to make it setuid/setgid to support utmp/ptys on my OS, is this safe?
		1144
		1145	It should be, starting with release 7.1. You are encouraged to properly
		1146	install urxvt with privileges necessary for your OS now.
		1147
		1148	When rxvt-unicode detects that it runs setuid or setgid, it will fork
		1149	into a helper process for privileged operations (pty handling on some
		1150	systems, utmp/wtmp/lastlog handling on others) and drop privileges
		1151	immediately. This is much safer than most other terminals that keep
		1152	privileges while running (but is more relevant to urxvt, as it contains
		1153	things as perl interpreters, which might be "helpful" to attackers).
		1154
		1155	This forking is done as the very first within main(), which is very early
		1156	and reduces possible bugs to initialisation code run before main(), or
		1157	things like the dynamic loader of your system, which should result in very
		1158	little risk.
		1159
466	=item I am on FreeBSD and rxvt-unicode does not seem to work at all.	1160	=head3 I am on FreeBSD and rxvt-unicode does not seem to work at all.
467		1161
468	Rxvt-unicode requires the symbol C<__STDC_ISO_10646__> to be defined	1162	Rxvt-unicode requires the symbol C<__STDC_ISO_10646__> to be defined
469	in your compile environment, or an implementation that implements it,	1163	in your compile environment, or an implementation that implements it,
470	wether it defines the symbol or not. C<__STDC_ISO_10646__> requires that	1164	whether it defines the symbol or not. C<__STDC_ISO_10646__> requires that
471	B<wchar_t> is represented as unicode.	1165	B<wchar_t> is represented as unicode.
472		1166
473	As you might have guessed, FreeBSD does neither define this symobl nor	1167	As you might have guessed, FreeBSD does neither define this symbol nor
474	does it support it. Instead, it uses it's own internal representation of	1168	does it support it. Instead, it uses its own internal representation of
475	B<wchar_t>. This is, of course, completely fine with respect to standards.	1169	B<wchar_t>. This is, of course, completely fine with respect to standards.
476		1170
477	However, that means rxvt-unicode only works in C<POSIX>, C<ISO-8859-1> and	1171	However, that means rxvt-unicode only works in C<POSIX>, C<ISO-8859-1> and
478	C<UTF-8> locales under FreeBSD (which all use Unicode as B<wchar_t>.	1172	C<UTF-8> locales under FreeBSD (which all use Unicode as B<wchar_t>.
479		1173
…		…
493		1187
494	The rxvt-unicode author insists that the right way to fix this is in the	1188	The rxvt-unicode author insists that the right way to fix this is in the
495	system libraries once and for all, instead of forcing every app to carry	1189	system libraries once and for all, instead of forcing every app to carry
496	complete replacements for them :)	1190	complete replacements for them :)
497		1191
498	=item I use Solaris 9 and it doesn't compile/work/etc.
499
500	Try the diff in F<doc/solaris9.patch> as a base. It fixes the worst
501	problems with C<wcwidth> and a compile problem.
502
503	=item How can I use rxvt-unicode under cygwin?	1192	=head3 How can I use rxvt-unicode under cygwin?
504		1193
505	rxvt-unicode should compile and run out of the box on cygwin, using	1194	rxvt-unicode should compile and run out of the box on cygwin, using
506	the X11 libraries that come with cygwin. libW11 emulation is no	1195	the X11 libraries that come with cygwin. libW11 emulation is no
507	longer supported (and makes no sense, either, as it only supported a	1196	longer supported (and makes no sense, either, as it only supported a
508	single font). I recommend starting the X-server in C<-multiwindow> or	1197	single font). I recommend starting the X-server in C<-multiwindow> or
…		…
511		1200
512	At the time of this writing, cygwin didn't seem to support any multi-byte	1201	At the time of this writing, cygwin didn't seem to support any multi-byte
513	encodings (you might try C<LC_CTYPE=C-UTF-8>), so you are likely limited	1202	encodings (you might try C<LC_CTYPE=C-UTF-8>), so you are likely limited
514	to 8-bit encodings.	1203	to 8-bit encodings.
515		1204
516	=item How does rxvt-unicode determine the encoding to use?	1205	=head3 Character widths are not correct.
517		1206
518	=item Is there an option to switch encodings?	1207	urxvt uses the system wcwidth function to know the information about
		1208	the width of characters, so on systems with incorrect locale data you
		1209	will likely get bad results. Two notorious examples are Solaris 9,
		1210	where single-width characters like U+2514 are reported as double-width,
		1211	and Darwin 8, where combining chars are reported having width 1.
519		1212
520	Unlike some other terminals, rxvt-unicode has no encoding switch, and no	1213	The solution is to upgrade your system or switch to a better one. A
521	specific "utf-8" mode, such as xterm. In fact, it doesn't even know about	1214	possibly working workaround is to use a wcwidth implementation like
522	UTF-8 or any other encodings with respect to terminal I/O.
523		1215
524	The reasons is that there exists a perfectly fine mechanism for selecting	1216	http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~mgk25/ucs/wcwidth.c
525	the encoding, doing I/O and (most important) communicating this to all
526	applications so everybody agrees on character properties such as width
527	and code number. This mechanism is the I<locale>. Applications not using
528	that info will have problems (for example, C<xterm> gets the width of
529	characters wrong as it uses it's own, locale-independent table under all
530	locales).
531		1217
532	Rxvt-unicode uses the C<LC_CTYPE> locale category to select encoding. All
533	programs doing the same (that is, most) will automatically agree in the
534	interpretation of characters.
535
536	Unfortunately, there is no system-independent way to select locales, nor
537	is there a standard on how locale specifiers will look like.
538
539	On most systems, the content of the C<LC_CTYPE> environment variable
540	contains an arbitrary string which corresponds to an already-installed
541	locale. Common names for locales are C<en_US.UTF-8>, C<de_DE.ISO-8859-15>,
542	C<ja_JP.EUC-JP>, i.e. C<language_country.encoding>, but other forms
543	(i.e. C<de> or C<german>) are also common.
544
545	Rxvt-unicode ignores all other locale categories, and except for
546	the encoding, ignores country or language-specific settings,
547	i.e. C<de_DE.UTF-8> and C<ja_JP.UTF-8> are the normally same to
548	rxvt-unicode.
549
550	If you want to use a specific encoding you have to make sure you start
551	rxvt-unicode with the correct C<LC_CTYPE> category.
552
553	=item Can I switch locales at runtime?
554
555	Yes, using an escape sequence. Try something like this, which sets
556	rxvt-unicode's idea of C<LC_CTYPE>.
557
558	printf '\e]701;%s\007' ja_JP.SJIS
559
560	See also the previous answer.
561
562	Sometimes this capability is rather handy when you want to work in
563	one locale (e.g. C<de_DE.UTF-8>) but some programs don't support it
564	(e.g. UTF-8). For example, I use this script to start C<xjdic>, which
565	first switches to a locale supported by xjdic and back later:
566
567	printf '\e]701;%s\007' ja_JP.SJIS
568	xjdic -js
569	printf '\e]701;%s\007' de_DE.UTF-8
570
571	You can also use xterm's C<luit> program, which usually works fine, except
572	for some locales where character width differs between program- and
573	rxvt-unicode-locales.
574
575	=item Can I switch the fonts at runtime?
576
577	Yes, using an escape sequence. Try something like this, which has the same
578	effect as using the C<-fn> switch, and takes effect immediately:
579
580	printf '\e]50;%s\007' "9x15bold,xft:Kochi Gothic"
581
582	This is useful if you e.g. work primarily with japanese (and prefer a
583	japanese font), but you have to switch to chinese temporarily, where
584	japanese fonts would only be in your way.
585
586	You can think of this as a kind of manual ISO-2022 switching.
587
588	=item Why do italic characters look as if clipped?
589
590	Many fonts have difficulties with italic characters and hinting. For
591	example, the otherwise very nicely hinted font C<xft:Bitstream Vera Sans
592	Mono> completely fails in it's italic face. A workaround might be to
593	enable freetype autohinting, i.e. like this:
594
595	URxvt.italicFont: xft:Bitstream Vera Sans Mono:italic:autohint=true
596	URxvt.boldItalicFont: xft:Bitstream Vera Sans Mono:bold:italic:autohint=true
597
598	=item My input method wants <some encoding> but I want UTF-8, what can I do?
599
600	You can specify separate locales for the input method and the rest of the
601	terminal, using the resource C<imlocale>:
602
603	URxvt*imlocale: ja_JP.EUC-JP
604
605	Now you can start your terminal with C<LC_CTYPE=ja_JP.UTF-8> and still
606	use your input method. Please note, however, that you will not be able to
607	input characters outside C<EUC-JP> in a normal way then, as your input
608	method limits you.
609
610	=item Rxvt-unicode crashes when the X Input Method changes or exits.
611
612	Unfortunately, this is unavoidable, as the XIM protocol is racy by
613	design. Applications can avoid some crashes at the expense of memory
614	leaks, and Input Methods can avoid some crashes by careful ordering at
615	exit time. B<kinput2> (and derived input methods) generally succeeds,
616	while B<SCIM> (or similar input methods) fails. In the end, however,
617	crashes cannot be completely avoided even if both sides cooperate.
618
619	So the only workaround is not to kill your Input Method Servers.
620
621	=item Rxvt-unicode uses gobs of memory, how can I reduce that?
622
623	Rxvt-unicode tries to obey the rule of not charging you for something you
624	don't use. One thing you should try is to configure out all settings that
625	you don't need, for example, Xft support is a resource hog by design,
626	when used. Compiling it out ensures that no Xft font will be loaded
627	accidentally when rxvt-unicode tries to find a font for your characters.
628
629	Also, many people (me included) like large windows and even larger
630	scrollback buffers: Without C<--enable-unicode3>, rxvt-unicode will use
631	6 bytes per screen cell. For a 160x?? window this amounts to almost a
632	kilobyte per line. A scrollback buffer of 10000 lines will then (if full)
633	use 10 Megabytes of memory. With C<--enable-unicode3> it gets worse, as
634	rxvt-unicode then uses 8 bytes per screen cell.
635
636	=item Can I speed up Xft rendering somehow?
637
638	Yes, the most obvious way to speed it up is to avoid Xft entirely, as
639	it is simply slow. If you still want Xft fonts you might try to disable
640	antialiasing (by appending C<:antialias=false>), which saves lots of
641	memory and also speeds up rendering considerably.
642
643	=item Rxvt-unicode doesn't seem to anti-alias its fonts, what is wrong?
644
645	Rxvt-unicode will use whatever you specify as a font. If it needs to
646	fall back to it's default font search list it will prefer X11 core
647	fonts, because they are small and fast, and then use Xft fonts. It has
648	antialiasing disabled for most of them, because the author thinks they
649	look best that way.
650
651	If you want antialiasing, you have to specify the fonts manually.
652
653	=item Mouse cut/paste suddenly no longer works.
654
655	Make sure that mouse reporting is actually turned off since killing
656	some editors prematurely may leave the mouse in mouse report mode. I've
657	heard that tcsh may use mouse reporting unless it otherwise specified. A
658	quick check is to see if cut/paste works when the Alt or Shift keys are
659	depressed. See @@RXVT_NAME@@(7)
660
661	=item What's with this bold/blink stuff?
662
663	If no bold colour is set via C<colorBD:>, bold will invert text using the
664	standard foreground colour.
665
666	For the standard background colour, blinking will actually make the
667	text blink when compiled with C<--enable-blinking>. with standard
668	colours. Without C<--enable-blinking>, the blink attribute will be
669	ignored.
670
671	On ANSI colours, bold/blink attributes are used to set high-intensity
672	foreground/background colors.
673
674	color0-7 are the low-intensity colors.
675
676	color8-15 are the corresponding high-intensity colors.
677
678	=item I don't like the screen colors. How do I change them?
679
680	You can change the screen colors at run-time using F<~/.Xdefaults>
681	resources (or as long-options).
682
683	Here are values that are supposed to resemble a VGA screen,
684	including the murky brown that passes for low-intensity yellow:
685
686	URxvt.color0: #000000
687	URxvt.color1: #A80000
688	URxvt.color2: #00A800
689	URxvt.color3: #A8A800
690	URxvt.color4: #0000A8
691	URxvt.color5: #A800A8
692	URxvt.color6: #00A8A8
693	URxvt.color7: #A8A8A8
694
695	URxvt.color8: #000054
696	URxvt.color9: #FF0054
697	URxvt.color10: #00FF54
698	URxvt.color11: #FFFF54
699	URxvt.color12: #0000FF
700	URxvt.color13: #FF00FF
701	URxvt.color14: #00FFFF
702	URxvt.color15: #FFFFFF
703
704	And here is a more complete set of non-standard colors described (not by
705	me) as "pretty girly".
706
707	URxvt.cursorColor: #dc74d1
708	URxvt.pointerColor: #dc74d1
709	URxvt.background: #0e0e0e
710	URxvt.foreground: #4ad5e1
711	URxvt.color0: #000000
712	URxvt.color8: #8b8f93
713	URxvt.color1: #dc74d1
714	URxvt.color9: #dc74d1
715	URxvt.color2: #0eb8c7
716	URxvt.color10: #0eb8c7
717	URxvt.color3: #dfe37e
718	URxvt.color11: #dfe37e
719	URxvt.color5: #9e88f0
720	URxvt.color13: #9e88f0
721	URxvt.color6: #73f7ff
722	URxvt.color14: #73f7ff
723	URxvt.color7: #e1dddd
724	URxvt.color15: #e1dddd
725
726	=item How can I start @@RXVT_NAME@@d in a race-free way?
727
728	Try C<@@RXVT_NAME@@d -f -o>, which tells @@RXVT_NAME@@d to open the
729	display, create the listening socket and then fork.
730
731	=item What's with the strange Backspace/Delete key behaviour?
732
733	Assuming that the physical Backspace key corresponds to the
734	BackSpace keysym (not likely for Linux ... see the following
735	question) there are two standard values that can be used for
736	Backspace: C<^H> and C<^?>.
737
738	Historically, either value is correct, but rxvt-unicode adopts the debian
739	policy of using C<^?> when unsure, because it's the one only only correct
740	choice :).
741
742	Rxvt-unicode tries to inherit the current stty settings and uses the value
743	of `erase' to guess the value for backspace. If rxvt-unicode wasn't
744	started from a terminal (say, from a menu or by remote shell), then the
745	system value of `erase', which corresponds to CERASE in <termios.h>, will
746	be used (which may not be the same as your stty setting).
747
748	For starting a new rxvt-unicode:
749
750	# use Backspace = ^H
751	$ stty erase ^H
752	$ @@RXVT_NAME@@
753
754	# use Backspace = ^?
755	$ stty erase ^?
756	$ @@RXVT_NAME@@
757
758	Toggle with C<ESC [ 36 h> / C<ESC [ 36 l> as documented in @@RXVT_NAME@@(7).
759
760	For an existing rxvt-unicode:
761
762	# use Backspace = ^H
763	$ stty erase ^H
764	$ echo -n "^[[36h"
765
766	# use Backspace = ^?
767	$ stty erase ^?
768	$ echo -n "^[[36l"
769
770	This helps satisfy some of the Backspace discrepancies that occur, but
771	if you use Backspace = C<^H>, make sure that the termcap/terminfo value
772	properly reflects that.
773
774	The Delete key is a another casualty of the ill-defined Backspace problem.
775	To avoid confusion between the Backspace and Delete keys, the Delete
776	key has been assigned an escape sequence to match the vt100 for Execute
777	(C<ESC [ 3 ~>) and is in the supplied termcap/terminfo.
778
779	Some other Backspace problems:
780
781	some editors use termcap/terminfo,
782	some editors (vim I'm told) expect Backspace = ^H,
783	GNU Emacs (and Emacs-like editors) use ^H for help.
784
785	Perhaps someday this will all be resolved in a consistent manner.
786
787	=item I don't like the key-bindings. How do I change them?
788
789	There are some compile-time selections available via configure. Unless
790	you have run "configure" with the C<--disable-resources> option you can
791	use the `keysym' resource to alter the keystrings associated with keysyms.
792
793	Here's an example for a URxvt session started using C<@@RXVT_NAME@@ -name URxvt>
794
795	URxvt.keysym.Home: \033[1~
796	URxvt.keysym.End: \033[4~
797	URxvt.keysym.C-apostrophe: \033<C-'>
798	URxvt.keysym.C-slash: \033<C-/>
799	URxvt.keysym.C-semicolon: \033<C-;>
800	URxvt.keysym.C-grave: \033<C-`>
801	URxvt.keysym.C-comma: \033<C-,>
802	URxvt.keysym.C-period: \033<C-.>
803	URxvt.keysym.C-0x60: \033<C-`>
804	URxvt.keysym.C-Tab: \033<C-Tab>
805	URxvt.keysym.C-Return: \033<C-Return>
806	URxvt.keysym.S-Return: \033<S-Return>
807	URxvt.keysym.S-space: \033<S-Space>
808	URxvt.keysym.M-Up: \033<M-Up>
809	URxvt.keysym.M-Down: \033<M-Down>
810	URxvt.keysym.M-Left: \033<M-Left>
811	URxvt.keysym.M-Right: \033<M-Right>
812	URxvt.keysym.M-C-0: list \033<M-C- 0123456789 >
813	URxvt.keysym.M-C-a: list \033<M-C- abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz >
814	URxvt.keysym.F12: command:\033]701;zh_CN.GBK\007
815
816	See some more examples in the documentation for the B<keysym> resource.
817
818	=item I'm using keyboard model XXX that has extra Prior/Next/Insert keys.
819	How do I make use of them? For example, the Sun Keyboard type 4
820	has the following mappings that rxvt-unicode doesn't recognize.
821
822	KP_Insert == Insert
823	F22 == Print
824	F27 == Home
825	F29 == Prior
826	F33 == End
827	F35 == Next
828
829	Rather than have rxvt-unicode try to accommodate all the various possible
830	keyboard mappings, it is better to use `xmodmap' to remap the keys as
831	required for your particular machine.
832
833	=item How do I distinguish wether I'm running rxvt-unicode or a regular xterm?
834	I need this to decide about setting colors etc.
835
836	rxvt and rxvt-unicode always export the variable "COLORTERM", so you can
837	check and see if that is set. Note that several programs, JED, slrn,
838	Midnight Commander automatically check this variable to decide whether or
839	not to use color.
840
841	=item How do I set the correct, full IP address for the DISPLAY variable?
842
843	If you've compiled rxvt-unicode with DISPLAY_IS_IP and have enabled
844	insecure mode then it is possible to use the following shell script
845	snippets to correctly set the display. If your version of rxvt-unicode
846	wasn't also compiled with ESCZ_ANSWER (as assumed in these snippets) then
847	the COLORTERM variable can be used to distinguish rxvt-unicode from a
848	regular xterm.
849
850	Courtesy of Chuck Blake <cblake@BBN.COM> with the following shell script
851	snippets:
852
853	# Bourne/Korn/POSIX family of shells:
854	[ ${TERM:-foo} = foo ] && TERM=xterm # assume an xterm if we don't know
855	if [ ${TERM:-foo} = xterm ]; then
856	stty -icanon -echo min 0 time 15 # see if enhanced rxvt or not
857	echo -n '^[Z'
858	read term_id
859	stty icanon echo
860	if [ ""${term_id} = '^[[?1;2C' -a ${DISPLAY:-foo} = foo ]; then
861	echo -n '^[[7n' # query the rxvt we are in for the DISPLAY string
862	read DISPLAY # set it in our local shell
863	fi
864	fi
865
866	=item How do I compile the manual pages for myself?
867
868	You need to have a recent version of perl installed as F</usr/bin/perl>,
869	one that comes with F<pod2man>, F<pod2text> and F<pod2html>. Then go to
870	the doc subdirectory and enter C<make alldoc>.
871
872	=item My question isn't answered here, can I ask a human?
873
874	Before sending me mail, you could go to IRC: C<irc.freenode.net>,
875	channel C<#rxvt-unicode> has some rxvt-unicode enthusiasts that might be
876	interested in learning about new and exciting problems (but not FAQs :).
877
878	=back
879
880	=head1 RXVT TECHNICAL REFERENCE	1218	=head1 RXVT-UNICODE TECHNICAL REFERENCE
881
882	=head1 DESCRIPTION
883		1219
884	The rest of this document describes various technical aspects of	1220	The rest of this document describes various technical aspects of
885	B<rxvt-unicode>. First the description of supported command sequences,	1221	B<rxvt-unicode>. First the description of supported command sequences,
886	followed by menu and pixmap support and last by a description of all	1222	followed by pixmap support and last by a description of all features
887	features selectable at C<configure> time.	1223	selectable at C<configure> time.
888		1224
889	=head1 Definitions	1225	=head2 Definitions
890		1226
891	=over 4	1227	=over 4
892		1228
893	=item B<< C<c> >>	1229	=item B<< C<c> >>
894		1230
…		…
912		1248
913	A text parameter composed of printable characters.	1249	A text parameter composed of printable characters.
914		1250
915	=back	1251	=back
916		1252
917	=head1 Values	1253	=head2 Values
918		1254
919	=over 4	1255	=over 4
920		1256
921	=item B<< C<ENQ> >>	1257	=item B<< C<ENQ> >>
922		1258
…		…
965		1301
966	Space Character	1302	Space Character
967		1303
968	=back	1304	=back
969		1305
970	=head1 Escape Sequences	1306	=head2 Escape Sequences
971		1307
972	=over 4	1308	=over 4
973		1309
974	=item B<< C<ESC # 8> >>	1310	=item B<< C<ESC # 8> >>
975		1311
…		…
1073		1409
1074	=back	1410	=back
1075		1411
1076	X<CSI>	1412	X<CSI>
1077		1413
1078	=head1 CSI (Command Sequence Introducer) Sequences	1414	=head2 CSI (Command Sequence Introducer) Sequences
1079		1415
1080	=over 4	1416	=over 4
1081		1417
1082	=item B<< C<ESC [ Ps @> >>	1418	=item B<< C<ESC [ Ps @> >>
1083		1419
…		…
1353		1689
1354	=back	1690	=back
1355		1691
1356	X<PrivateModes>	1692	X<PrivateModes>
1357		1693
1358	=head1 DEC Private Modes	1694	=head2 DEC Private Modes
1359		1695
1360	=over 4	1696	=over 4
1361		1697
1362	=item B<< C<ESC [ ? Pm h> >>	1698	=item B<< C<ESC [ ? Pm h> >>
1363		1699
…		…
1379		1715
1380	Toggle DEC Private Mode Values (rxvt extension). I<where>	1716	Toggle DEC Private Mode Values (rxvt extension). I<where>
1381		1717
1382	=over 4	1718	=over 4
1383		1719
1384	=item B<< C<Ps = 1> >> (DECCKM)	1720	=item B<< C<Pm = 1> >> (DECCKM)
1385		1721
1386	=begin table	1722	=begin table
1387		1723
1388	B<< C<h> >> Application Cursor Keys	1724	B<< C<h> >> Application Cursor Keys
1389	B<< C<l> >> Normal Cursor Keys	1725	B<< C<l> >> Normal Cursor Keys
1390		1726
1391	=end table	1727	=end table
1392		1728
1393	=item B<< C<Ps = 2> >> (ANSI/VT52 mode)	1729	=item B<< C<Pm = 2> >> (ANSI/VT52 mode)
1394		1730
1395	=begin table	1731	=begin table
1396		1732
1397	B<< C<h> >> Enter VT52 mode	1733	B<< C<h> >> Enter VT52 mode
1398	B<< C<l> >> Enter VT52 mode	1734	B<< C<l> >> Enter VT52 mode
1399		1735
1400	=end table	1736	=end table
1401		1737
1402	=item B<< C<Ps = 3> >>	1738	=item B<< C<Pm = 3> >>
1403		1739
1404	=begin table	1740	=begin table
1405		1741
1406	B<< C<h> >> 132 Column Mode (DECCOLM)	1742	B<< C<h> >> 132 Column Mode (DECCOLM)
1407	B<< C<l> >> 80 Column Mode (DECCOLM)	1743	B<< C<l> >> 80 Column Mode (DECCOLM)
1408		1744
1409	=end table	1745	=end table
1410		1746
1411	=item B<< C<Ps = 4> >>	1747	=item B<< C<Pm = 4> >>
1412		1748
1413	=begin table	1749	=begin table
1414		1750
1415	B<< C<h> >> Smooth (Slow) Scroll (DECSCLM)	1751	B<< C<h> >> Smooth (Slow) Scroll (DECSCLM)
1416	B<< C<l> >> Jump (Fast) Scroll (DECSCLM)	1752	B<< C<l> >> Jump (Fast) Scroll (DECSCLM)
1417		1753
1418	=end table	1754	=end table
1419		1755
1420	=item B<< C<Ps = 5> >>	1756	=item B<< C<Pm = 5> >>
1421		1757
1422	=begin table	1758	=begin table
1423		1759
1424	B<< C<h> >> Reverse Video (DECSCNM)	1760	B<< C<h> >> Reverse Video (DECSCNM)
1425	B<< C<l> >> Normal Video (DECSCNM)	1761	B<< C<l> >> Normal Video (DECSCNM)
1426		1762
1427	=end table	1763	=end table
1428		1764
1429	=item B<< C<Ps = 6> >>	1765	=item B<< C<Pm = 6> >>
1430		1766
1431	=begin table	1767	=begin table
1432		1768
1433	B<< C<h> >> Origin Mode (DECOM)	1769	B<< C<h> >> Origin Mode (DECOM)
1434	B<< C<l> >> Normal Cursor Mode (DECOM)	1770	B<< C<l> >> Normal Cursor Mode (DECOM)
1435		1771
1436	=end table	1772	=end table
1437		1773
1438	=item B<< C<Ps = 7> >>	1774	=item B<< C<Pm = 7> >>
1439		1775
1440	=begin table	1776	=begin table
1441		1777
1442	B<< C<h> >> Wraparound Mode (DECAWM)	1778	B<< C<h> >> Wraparound Mode (DECAWM)
1443	B<< C<l> >> No Wraparound Mode (DECAWM)	1779	B<< C<l> >> No Wraparound Mode (DECAWM)
1444		1780
1445	=end table	1781	=end table
1446		1782
1447	=item B<< C<Ps = 8> >> I<unimplemented>	1783	=item B<< C<Pm = 8> >> I<unimplemented>
1448		1784
1449	=begin table	1785	=begin table
1450		1786
1451	B<< C<h> >> Auto-repeat Keys (DECARM)	1787	B<< C<h> >> Auto-repeat Keys (DECARM)
1452	B<< C<l> >> No Auto-repeat Keys (DECARM)	1788	B<< C<l> >> No Auto-repeat Keys (DECARM)
1453		1789
1454	=end table	1790	=end table
1455		1791
1456	=item B<< C<Ps = 9> >> X10 XTerm	1792	=item B<< C<Pm = 9> >> X10 XTerm
1457		1793
1458	=begin table	1794	=begin table
1459		1795
1460	B<< C<h> >> Send Mouse X & Y on button press.	1796	B<< C<h> >> Send Mouse X & Y on button press.
1461	B<< C<l> >> No mouse reporting.	1797	B<< C<l> >> No mouse reporting.
1462		1798
1463	=end table	1799	=end table
1464		1800
1465	=item B<< C<Ps = 10> >> (B<rxvt>)
1466
1467	=begin table
1468
1469	B<< C<h> >> menuBar visible
1470	B<< C<l> >> menuBar invisible
1471
1472	=end table
1473
1474	=item B<< C<Ps = 25> >>	1801	=item B<< C<Pm = 25> >>
1475		1802
1476	=begin table	1803	=begin table
1477		1804
1478	B<< C<h> >> Visible cursor {cnorm/cvvis}	1805	B<< C<h> >> Visible cursor {cnorm/cvvis}
1479	B<< C<l> >> Invisible cursor {civis}	1806	B<< C<l> >> Invisible cursor {civis}
1480		1807
1481	=end table	1808	=end table
1482		1809
1483	=item B<< C<Ps = 30> >>	1810	=item B<< C<Pm = 30> >>
1484		1811
1485	=begin table	1812	=begin table
1486		1813
1487	B<< C<h> >> scrollBar visisble	1814	B<< C<h> >> scrollBar visisble
1488	B<< C<l> >> scrollBar invisisble	1815	B<< C<l> >> scrollBar invisisble
1489		1816
1490	=end table	1817	=end table
1491		1818
1492	=item B<< C<Ps = 35> >> (B<rxvt>)	1819	=item B<< C<Pm = 35> >> (B<rxvt>)
1493		1820
1494	=begin table	1821	=begin table
1495		1822
1496	B<< C<h> >> Allow XTerm Shift+key sequences	1823	B<< C<h> >> Allow XTerm Shift+key sequences
1497	B<< C<l> >> Disallow XTerm Shift+key sequences	1824	B<< C<l> >> Disallow XTerm Shift+key sequences
1498		1825
1499	=end table	1826	=end table
1500		1827
1501	=item B<< C<Ps = 38> >> I<unimplemented>	1828	=item B<< C<Pm = 38> >> I<unimplemented>
1502		1829
1503	Enter Tektronix Mode (DECTEK)	1830	Enter Tektronix Mode (DECTEK)
1504		1831
1505	=item B<< C<Ps = 40> >>	1832	=item B<< C<Pm = 40> >>
1506		1833
1507	=begin table	1834	=begin table
1508		1835
1509	B<< C<h> >> Allow 80/132 Mode	1836	B<< C<h> >> Allow 80/132 Mode
1510	B<< C<l> >> Disallow 80/132 Mode	1837	B<< C<l> >> Disallow 80/132 Mode
1511		1838
1512	=end table	1839	=end table
1513		1840
1514	=item B<< C<Ps = 44> >> I<unimplemented>	1841	=item B<< C<Pm = 44> >> I<unimplemented>
1515		1842
1516	=begin table	1843	=begin table
1517		1844
1518	B<< C<h> >> Turn On Margin Bell	1845	B<< C<h> >> Turn On Margin Bell
1519	B<< C<l> >> Turn Off Margin Bell	1846	B<< C<l> >> Turn Off Margin Bell
1520		1847
1521	=end table	1848	=end table
1522		1849
1523	=item B<< C<Ps = 45> >> I<unimplemented>	1850	=item B<< C<Pm = 45> >> I<unimplemented>
1524		1851
1525	=begin table	1852	=begin table
1526		1853
1527	B<< C<h> >> Reverse-wraparound Mode	1854	B<< C<h> >> Reverse-wraparound Mode
1528	B<< C<l> >> No Reverse-wraparound Mode	1855	B<< C<l> >> No Reverse-wraparound Mode
1529		1856
1530	=end table	1857	=end table
1531		1858
1532	=item B<< C<Ps = 46> >> I<unimplemented>	1859	=item B<< C<Pm = 46> >> I<unimplemented>
1533		1860
1534	=item B<< C<Ps = 47> >>	1861	=item B<< C<Pm = 47> >>
1535		1862
1536	=begin table	1863	=begin table
1537		1864
1538	B<< C<h> >> Use Alternate Screen Buffer	1865	B<< C<h> >> Use Alternate Screen Buffer
1539	B<< C<l> >> Use Normal Screen Buffer	1866	B<< C<l> >> Use Normal Screen Buffer
1540		1867
1541	=end table	1868	=end table
1542		1869
1543	X<Priv66>	1870	X<Priv66>
1544		1871
1545	=item B<< C<Ps = 66> >>	1872	=item B<< C<Pm = 66> >>
1546		1873
1547	=begin table	1874	=begin table
1548		1875
1549	B<< C<h> >> Application Keypad (DECPAM) == C<ESC =>	1876	B<< C<h> >> Application Keypad (DECPAM) == C<ESC =>
1550	B<< C<l> >> Normal Keypad (DECPNM) == C<< ESC > >>	1877	B<< C<l> >> Normal Keypad (DECPNM) == C<< ESC > >>
1551		1878
1552	=end table	1879	=end table
1553		1880
1554	=item B<< C<Ps = 67> >>	1881	=item B<< C<Pm = 67> >>
1555		1882
1556	=begin table	1883	=begin table
1557		1884
1558	B<< C<h> >> Backspace key sends B<< C<BS> (DECBKM) >>	1885	B<< C<h> >> Backspace key sends B<< C<BS> (DECBKM) >>
1559	B<< C<l> >> Backspace key sends B<< C<DEL> >>	1886	B<< C<l> >> Backspace key sends B<< C<DEL> >>
1560		1887
1561	=end table	1888	=end table
1562		1889
1563	=item B<< C<Ps = 1000> >> (X11 XTerm)	1890	=item B<< C<Pm = 1000> >> (X11 XTerm)
1564		1891
1565	=begin table	1892	=begin table
1566		1893
1567	B<< C<h> >> Send Mouse X & Y on button press and release.	1894	B<< C<h> >> Send Mouse X & Y on button press and release.
1568	B<< C<l> >> No mouse reporting.	1895	B<< C<l> >> No mouse reporting.
1569		1896
1570	=end table	1897	=end table
1571		1898
1572	=item B<< C<Ps = 1001> >> (X11 XTerm) I<unimplemented>	1899	=item B<< C<Pm = 1001> >> (X11 XTerm) I<unimplemented>
1573		1900
1574	=begin table	1901	=begin table
1575		1902
1576	B<< C<h> >> Use Hilite Mouse Tracking.	1903	B<< C<h> >> Use Hilite Mouse Tracking.
1577	B<< C<l> >> No mouse reporting.	1904	B<< C<l> >> No mouse reporting.
1578		1905
1579	=end table	1906	=end table
1580		1907
		1908	=item B<< C<Pm = 1002> >> (X11 XTerm)
		1909
		1910	=begin table
		1911
		1912	B<< C<h> >> Send Mouse X & Y on button press and release, and motion with a button pressed.
		1913	B<< C<l> >> No mouse reporting.
		1914
		1915	=end table
		1916
		1917	=item B<< C<Pm = 1003> >> (X11 XTerm)
		1918
		1919	=begin table
		1920
		1921	B<< C<h> >> Send Mouse X & Y on button press and release, and motion.
		1922	B<< C<l> >> No mouse reporting.
		1923
		1924	=end table
		1925
1581	=item B<< C<Ps = 1010> >> (B<rxvt>)	1926	=item B<< C<Pm = 1010> >> (B<rxvt>)
1582		1927
1583	=begin table	1928	=begin table
1584		1929
1585	B<< C<h> >> Don't scroll to bottom on TTY output	1930	B<< C<h> >> Don't scroll to bottom on TTY output
1586	B<< C<l> >> Scroll to bottom on TTY output	1931	B<< C<l> >> Scroll to bottom on TTY output
1587		1932
1588	=end table	1933	=end table
1589		1934
1590	=item B<< C<Ps = 1011> >> (B<rxvt>)	1935	=item B<< C<Pm = 1011> >> (B<rxvt>)
1591		1936
1592	=begin table	1937	=begin table
1593		1938
1594	B<< C<h> >> Scroll to bottom when a key is pressed	1939	B<< C<h> >> Scroll to bottom when a key is pressed
1595	B<< C<l> >> Don't scroll to bottom when a key is pressed	1940	B<< C<l> >> Don't scroll to bottom when a key is pressed
1596		1941
1597	=end table	1942	=end table
1598		1943
1599	=item B<< C<Ps = 1021> >> (B<rxvt>)	1944	=item B<< C<Pm = 1021> >> (B<rxvt>)
1600		1945
1601	=begin table	1946	=begin table
1602		1947
1603	B<< C<h> >> Bold/italic implies high intensity (see option B<-is>)	1948	B<< C<h> >> Bold/italic implies high intensity (see option B<-is>)
1604	B<< C<l> >> Font styles have no effect on intensity (Compile styles)	1949	B<< C<l> >> Font styles have no effect on intensity (Compile styles)
1605		1950
1606	=end table	1951	=end table
1607		1952
1608	=item B<< C<Ps = 1047> >>	1953	=item B<< C<Pm = 1047> >>
1609		1954
1610	=begin table	1955	=begin table
1611		1956
1612	B<< C<h> >> Use Alternate Screen Buffer	1957	B<< C<h> >> Use Alternate Screen Buffer
1613	B<< C<l> >> Use Normal Screen Buffer - clear Alternate Screen Buffer if returning from it	1958	B<< C<l> >> Use Normal Screen Buffer - clear Alternate Screen Buffer if returning from it
1614		1959
1615	=end table	1960	=end table
1616		1961
1617	=item B<< C<Ps = 1048> >>	1962	=item B<< C<Pm = 1048> >>
1618		1963
1619	=begin table	1964	=begin table
1620		1965
1621	B<< C<h> >> Save cursor position	1966	B<< C<h> >> Save cursor position
1622	B<< C<l> >> Restore cursor position	1967	B<< C<l> >> Restore cursor position
1623		1968
1624	=end table	1969	=end table
1625		1970
1626	=item B<< C<Ps = 1049> >>	1971	=item B<< C<Pm = 1049> >>
1627		1972
1628	=begin table	1973	=begin table
1629		1974
1630	B<< C<h> >> Use Alternate Screen Buffer - clear Alternate Screen Buffer if switching to it	1975	B<< C<h> >> Use Alternate Screen Buffer - clear Alternate Screen Buffer if switching to it
1631	B<< C<l> >> Use Normal Screen Buffer	1976	B<< C<l> >> Use Normal Screen Buffer
…		…
1636		1981
1637	=back	1982	=back
1638		1983
1639	X<XTerm>	1984	X<XTerm>
1640		1985
1641	=head1 XTerm Operating System Commands	1986	=head2 XTerm Operating System Commands
1642		1987
1643	=over 4	1988	=over 4
1644		1989
1645	=item B<< C<ESC ] Ps;Pt ST> >>	1990	=item B<< C<ESC ] Ps;Pt ST> >>
1646		1991
…		…
1660	B<< C<Ps = 12> >> Change colour of text cursor foreground to B<< C<Pt> >>	2005	B<< C<Ps = 12> >> Change colour of text cursor foreground to B<< C<Pt> >>
1661	B<< C<Ps = 13> >> Change colour of mouse foreground to B<< C<Pt> >>	2006	B<< C<Ps = 13> >> Change colour of mouse foreground to B<< C<Pt> >>
1662	B<< C<Ps = 17> >> Change colour of highlight characters to B<< C<Pt> >>	2007	B<< C<Ps = 17> >> Change colour of highlight characters to B<< C<Pt> >>
1663	B<< C<Ps = 18> >> Change colour of bold characters to B<< C<Pt> >> [deprecated, see 706]	2008	B<< C<Ps = 18> >> Change colour of bold characters to B<< C<Pt> >> [deprecated, see 706]
1664	B<< C<Ps = 19> >> Change colour of underlined characters to B<< C<Pt> >> [deprecated, see 707]	2009	B<< C<Ps = 19> >> Change colour of underlined characters to B<< C<Pt> >> [deprecated, see 707]
1665	B<< C<Ps = 20> >> Change default background to B<< C<Pt> >>	2010	B<< C<Ps = 20> >> Change background pixmap parameters (see section BACKGROUND IMAGE) (Compile AfterImage).
1666	B<< C<Ps = 39> >> Change default foreground colour to B<< C<Pt> >>.	2011	B<< C<Ps = 39> >> Change default foreground colour to B<< C<Pt> >>.
1667	B<< C<Ps = 46> >> Change Log File to B<< C<Pt> >> I<unimplemented>	2012	B<< C<Ps = 46> >> Change Log File to B<< C<Pt> >> I<unimplemented>
1668	B<< C<Ps = 49> >> Change default background colour to B<< C<Pt> >>.	2013	B<< C<Ps = 49> >> Change default background colour to B<< C<Pt> >>.
1669	B<< C<Ps = 50> >> Set fontset to B<< C<Pt> >>, with the following special values of B<< C<Pt> >> (B<rxvt>) B<< C<#+n> >> change up B<< C<n> >> B<< C<#-n> >> change down B<< C<n> >> if B<< C<n> >> is missing of 0, a value of 1 is used I<empty> change to font0 B<< C<n> >> change to font B<< C<n> >>	2014	B<< C<Ps = 50> >> Set fontset to B<< C<Pt> >>, with the following special values of B<< C<Pt> >> (B<rxvt>) B<< C<#+n> >> change up B<< C<n> >> B<< C<#-n> >> change down B<< C<n> >> if B<< C<n> >> is missing of 0, a value of 1 is used I<empty> change to font0 B<< C<n> >> change to font B<< C<n> >>
1670	B<< C<Ps = 55> >> Log all scrollback buffer and all of screen to B<< C<Pt> >>	2015	B<< C<Ps = 55> >> Log all scrollback buffer and all of screen to B<< C<Pt> >>
1671	B<< C<Ps = 701> >> Change current locale to B<< C<Pt> >>, or, if B<< C<Pt> >> is B<< C<?> >>, return the current locale (Compile frills).	2016	B<< C<Ps = 701> >> Change current locale to B<< C<Pt> >>, or, if B<< C<Pt> >> is B<< C<?> >>, return the current locale (Compile frills).
1672	B<< C<Ps = 703> >> Menubar command B<< C<Pt> >> (Compile menubar).	2017	B<< C<Ps = 702> >> Request version if B<< C<Pt> >> is B<< C<?> >>, returning C<rxvt-unicode>, the resource name, the major and minor version numbers, e.g. C<ESC ] 702 ; rxvt-unicode ; urxvt ; 7 ; 4 ST>.
1673	B<< C<Ps = 704> >> Change colour of italic characters to B<< C<Pt> >>	2018	B<< C<Ps = 704> >> Change colour of italic characters to B<< C<Pt> >>
1674	B<< C<Ps = 705> >> Change background pixmap tint colour to B<< C<Pt> >> (Compile transparency).	2019	B<< C<Ps = 705> >> Change background pixmap tint colour to B<< C<Pt> >> (Compile transparency).
1675	B<< C<Ps = 706> >> Change colour of bold characters to B<< C<Pt> >>	2020	B<< C<Ps = 706> >> Change colour of bold characters to B<< C<Pt> >>
1676	B<< C<Ps = 707> >> Change colour of underlined characters to B<< C<Pt> >>	2021	B<< C<Ps = 707> >> Change colour of underlined characters to B<< C<Pt> >>
1677	B<< C<Ps = 710> >> Set normal fontset to B<< C<Pt> >>. Same as C<Ps = 50>.	2022	B<< C<Ps = 710> >> Set normal fontset to B<< C<Pt> >>. Same as C<Ps = 50>.
…		…
1684		2029
1685	=end table	2030	=end table
1686		2031
1687	=back	2032	=back
1688		2033
1689	X<menuBar>	2034	=head1 BACKGROUND IMAGE
1690		2035
1691	=head1 menuBar
1692
1693	B<< The exact syntax used is I<almost> solidified. >>
1694	In the menus, B<DON'T> try to use menuBar commands that add or remove a
1695	menuBar.
1696
1697	Note that in all of the commands, the B<< I</path/> >> I<cannot> be
1698	omitted: use B<./> to specify a menu relative to the current menu.
1699
1700	=head2 Overview of menuBar operation
1701
1702	For the menuBar XTerm escape sequence C<ESC ] 703 ; Pt ST>, the syntax
1703	of C<Pt> can be used for a variety of tasks:
1704
1705	At the top level is the current menuBar which is a member of a circular
1706	linked-list of other such menuBars.
1707
1708	The menuBar acts as a parent for the various drop-down menus, which in
1709	turn, may have labels, separator lines, menuItems and subMenus.
1710
1711	The menuItems are the useful bits: you can use them to mimic keyboard
1712	input or even to send text or escape sequences back to rxvt.
1713
1714	The menuBar syntax is intended to provide a simple yet robust method of
1715	constructing and manipulating menus and navigating through the
1716	menuBars.
1717
1718	The first step is to use the tag B<< [menu:I<name>] >> which creates
1719	the menuBar called I<name> and allows access. You may now or menus,
1720	subMenus, and menuItems. Finally, use the tag B<[done]> to set the
1721	menuBar access as B<readonly> to prevent accidental corruption of the
1722	menus. To re-access the current menuBar for alterations, use the tag
1723	B<[menu]>, make the alterations and then use B<[done]>
1724
1725	X<menuBarCommands>
1726
1727	=head2 Commands
1728
1729	=over 4
1730
1731	=item B<< [menu:+I<name>] >>
1732
1733	access the named menuBar for creation or alteration. If a new menuBar
1734	is created, it is called I<name> (max of 15 chars) and the current
1735	menuBar is pushed onto the stack
1736
1737	=item B<[menu]>
1738
1739	access the current menuBar for alteration
1740
1741	=item B<< [title:+I<string>] >>
1742
1743	set the current menuBar's title to I<string>, which may contain the
1744	following format specifiers:
1745
1746	B<%n> rxvt name (as per the B<-name> command-line option)
1747	B<%v> rxvt version
1748	B<%%> literal B<%> character
1749
1750	=item B<[done]>
1751
1752	set menuBar access as B<readonly>.
1753	End-of-file tag for B<< [read:+I<file>] >> operations.
1754
1755	=item B<< [read:+I<file>] >>
1756
1757	read menu commands directly from I<file> (extension ".menu" will be
1758	appended if required.) Start reading at a line with B<[menu]> or B<<
1759	[menu:+I<name> >> and continuing until B<[done]> is encountered.
1760
1761	Blank and comment lines (starting with B<#>) are ignored. Actually,
1762	since any invalid menu commands are also ignored, almost anything could
1763	be construed as a comment line, but this may be tightened up in the
1764	future ... so don't count on it!.
1765
1766	=item B<< [read:+I<file>;+I<name>] >>
1767
1768	The same as B<< [read:+I<file>] >>, but start reading at a line with
1769	B<< [menu:+I<name>] >> and continuing until B<< [done:+I<name>] >> or
1770	B<[done]> is encountered.
1771
1772	=item B<[dump]>
1773
1774	dump all menuBars to the file B</tmp/rxvt-PID> in a format suitable for
1775	later rereading.
1776
1777	=item B<[rm:name]>
1778
1779	remove the named menuBar
1780
1781	=item B<[rm] [rm:]>
1782
1783	remove the current menuBar
1784
1785	=item B<[rm*] [rm:*]>
1786
1787	remove all menuBars
1788
1789	=item B<[swap]>
1790
1791	swap the top two menuBars
1792
1793	=item B<[prev]>
1794
1795	access the previous menuBar
1796
1797	=item B<[next]>
1798
1799	access the next menuBar
1800
1801	=item B<[show]>
1802
1803	Enable display of the menuBar
1804
1805	=item B<[hide]>
1806
1807	Disable display of the menuBar
1808
1809	=item B<< [pixmap:+I<name>] >>
1810
1811	=item B<< [pixmap:+I<name>;I<scaling>] >>
1812
1813	(set the background pixmap globally
1814
1815	B<< A Future implementation I<may> make this local to the menubar >>)
1816
1817	=item B<< [:+I<command>:] >>
1818
1819	ignore the menu readonly status and issue a I<command> to or a menu or
1820	menuitem or change the ; a useful shortcut for setting the quick arrows
1821	from a menuBar.
1822
1823	=back
1824
1825	X<menuBarAdd>
1826
1827	=head2 Adding and accessing menus
1828
1829	The following commands may also be B<+> prefixed.
1830
1831	=over 4
1832
1833	=item B</+>
1834
1835	access menuBar top level
1836
1837	=item B<./+>
1838
1839	access current menu level
1840
1841	=item B<../+>
1842
1843	access parent menu (1 level up)
1844
1845	=item B<../../>
1846
1847	access parent menu (multiple levels up)
1848
1849	=item B<< I</path/>menu >>
1850
1851	add/access menu
1852
1853	=item B<< I</path/>menu/* >>
1854
1855	add/access menu and clear it if it exists
1856
1857	=item B<< I</path/>{-} >>
1858
1859	add separator
1860
1861	=item B<< I</path/>{item} >>
1862
1863	add B<item> as a label
1864
1865	=item B<< I</path/>{item} action >>
1866
1867	add/alter I<menuitem> with an associated I<action>
1868
1869	=item B<< I</path/>{item}{right-text} >>
1870
1871	add/alter I<menuitem> with B<right-text> as the right-justified text
1872	and as the associated I<action>
1873
1874	=item B<< I</path/>{item}{rtext} action >>
1875
1876	add/alter I<menuitem> with an associated I<action> and with B<rtext> as
1877	the right-justified text.
1878
1879	=back
1880
1881	=over 4
1882
1883	=item Special characters in I<action> must be backslash-escaped:
1884
1885	B<\a \b \E \e \n \r \t \octal>
1886
1887	=item or in control-character notation:
1888
1889	B<^@, ^A .. ^Z .. ^_, ^?>
1890
1891	=back
1892
1893	To send a string starting with a B<NUL> (B<^@>) character to the
1894	program, start I<action> with a pair of B<NUL> characters (B<^@^@>),
1895	the first of which will be stripped off and the balance directed to the
1896	program. Otherwise if I<action> begins with B<NUL> followed by
1897	non-+B<NUL> characters, the leading B<NUL> is stripped off and the
1898	balance is sent back to rxvt.
1899
1900	As a convenience for the many Emacs-type editors, I<action> may start
1901	with B<M-> (eg, B<M-$> is equivalent to B<\E$>) and a B<CR> will be
1902	appended if missed from B<M-x> commands.
1903
1904	As a convenience for issuing XTerm B<ESC ]> sequences from a menubar (or
1905	quick arrow), a B<BEL> (B<^G>) will be appended if needed.
1906
1907	=over 4
1908
1909	=item For example,
1910
1911	B<M-xapropos> is equivalent to B<\Exapropos\r>
1912
1913	=item and
1914
1915	B<\E]703;mona;100> is equivalent to B<\E]703;mona;100\a>
1916
1917	=back
1918
1919	The option B<< {I<right-rtext>} >> will be right-justified. In the
1920	absence of a specified action, this text will be used as the I<action>
1921	as well.
1922
1923	=over 4
1924
1925	=item For example,
1926
1927	B</File/{Open}{^X^F}> is equivalent to B</File/{Open}{^X^F} ^X^F>
1928
1929	=back
1930
1931	The left label I<is> necessary, since it's used for matching, but
1932	implicitly hiding the left label (by using same name for both left and
1933	right labels), or explicitly hiding the left label (by preceeding it
1934	with a dot), makes it possible to have right-justified text only.
1935
1936	=over 4
1937
1938	=item For example,
1939
1940	B</File/{Open}{Open} Open-File-Action>
1941
1942	=item or hiding it
1943
1944	B</File/{.anylabel}{Open} Open-File-Action>
1945
1946	=back
1947
1948	X<menuBarRemove>
1949
1950	=head2 Removing menus
1951
1952	=over 4
1953
1954	=item B<< -/*+ >>
1955
1956	remove all menus from the menuBar, the same as B<[clear]>
1957
1958	=item B<< -+I</path>menu+ >>
1959
1960	remove menu
1961
1962	=item B<< -+I</path>{item}+ >>
1963
1964	remove item
1965
1966	=item B<< -+I</path>{-} >>
1967
1968	remove separator)
1969
1970	=item B<-/path/menu/*>
1971
1972	remove all items, separators and submenus from menu
1973
1974	=back
1975
1976	X<menuBarArrows>
1977
1978	=head2 Quick Arrows
1979
1980	The menus also provide a hook for I<quick arrows> to provide easier
1981	user access. If nothing has been explicitly set, the default is to
1982	emulate the curror keys. The syntax permits each arrow to be altered
1983	individually or all four at once without re-entering their common
1984	beginning/end text. For example, to explicitly associate cursor actions
1985	with the arrows, any of the following forms could be used:
1986
1987	=over 4
1988
1989	=item B<< <r>+I<Right> >>
1990
1991	=item B<< <l>+I<Left> >>
1992
1993	=item B<< <u>+I<Up> >>
1994
1995	=item B<< <d>+I<Down> >>
1996
1997	Define actions for the respective arrow buttons
1998
1999	=item B<< <b>+I<Begin> >>
2000
2001	=item B<< <e>+I<End> >>
2002
2003	Define common beginning/end parts for I<quick arrows> which used in
2004	conjunction with the above <r> <l> <u> <d> constructs
2005
2006	=back
2007
2008	=over 4
2009
2010	=item For example, define arrows individually,
2011
2012	<u>\E[A
2013
2014	<d>\E[B
2015
2016	<r>\E[C
2017
2018	<l>\E[D
2019
2020	=item or all at once
2021
2022	<u>\E[AZ<><d>\E[BZ<><r>\E[CZ<><l>\E[D
2023
2024	=item or more compactly (factoring out common parts)
2025
2026	<b>\E[<u>AZ<><d>BZ<><r>CZ<><l>D
2027
2028	=back
2029
2030	X<menuBarSummary>
2031
2032	=head2 Command Summary
2033
2034	A short summary of the most I<common> commands:
2035
2036	=over 4
2037
2038	=item [menu:name]
2039
2040	use an existing named menuBar or start a new one
2041
2042	=item [menu]
2043
2044	use the current menuBar
2045
2046	=item [title:string]
2047
2048	set menuBar title
2049
2050	=item [done]
2051
2052	set menu access to readonly and, if reading from a file, signal EOF
2053
2054	=item [done:name]
2055
2056	if reading from a file using [read:file;name] signal EOF
2057
2058	=item [rm:name]
2059
2060	remove named menuBar(s)
2061
2062	=item [rm] [rm:]
2063
2064	remove current menuBar
2065
2066	=item [rm*] [rm:*]
2067
2068	remove all menuBar(s)
2069
2070	=item [swap]
2071
2072	swap top two menuBars
2073
2074	=item [prev]
2075
2076	access the previous menuBar
2077
2078	=item [next]
2079
2080	access the next menuBar
2081
2082	=item [show]
2083
2084	map menuBar
2085
2086	=item [hide]
2087
2088	unmap menuBar
2089
2090	=item [pixmap;file]
2091
2092	=item [pixmap;file;scaling]
2093
2094	set a background pixmap
2095
2096	=item [read:file]
2097
2098	=item [read:file;name]
2099
2100	read in a menu from a file
2101
2102	=item [dump]
2103
2104	dump out all menuBars to /tmp/rxvt-PID
2105
2106	=item /
2107
2108	access menuBar top level
2109
2110	=item ./
2111
2112	=item ../
2113
2114	=item ../../
2115
2116	access current or parent menu level
2117
2118	=item /path/menu
2119
2120	add/access menu
2121
2122	=item /path/{-}
2123
2124	add separator
2125
2126	=item /path/{item}{rtext} action
2127
2128	add/alter menu item
2129
2130	=item -/*
2131
2132	remove all menus from the menuBar
2133
2134	=item -/path/menu
2135
2136	remove menu items, separators and submenus from menu
2137
2138	=item -/path/menu
2139
2140	remove menu
2141
2142	=item -/path/{item}
2143
2144	remove item
2145
2146	=item -/path/{-}
2147
2148	remove separator
2149
2150	=item <b>Begin<r>Right<l>Left<u>Up<d>Down<e>End
2151
2152	menu quick arrows
2153
2154	=back
2155	X<XPM>
2156
2157	=head1 XPM
2158
2159	For the XPM XTerm escape sequence B<< C<ESC ] 20 ; Pt ST> >> then value	2036	For the BACGROUND IMAGE XTerm escape sequence B<< C<ESC ] 20 ; Pt ST> >> then value
2160	of B<< C<Pt> >> can be the name of the background pixmap followed by a	2037	of B<< C<Pt> >> can be the name of the background image file followed by a
2161	sequence of scaling/positioning commands separated by semi-colons. The	2038	sequence of scaling/positioning commands separated by semi-colons. The
2162	scaling/positioning commands are as follows:	2039	scaling/positioning commands are as follows:
2163		2040
2164	=over 4	2041	=over 4
2165		2042
…		…
2203		2080
2204	For example:	2081	For example:
2205		2082
2206	=over 4	2083	=over 4
2207		2084
2208	=item B<\E]20;funky\a>	2085	=item B<\E]20;funky.jpg\a>
2209		2086
2210	load B<funky.xpm> as a tiled image	2087	load B<funky.jpg> as a tiled image
2211		2088
2212	=item B<\E]20;mona;100\a>	2089	=item B<\E]20;mona.jpg;100\a>
2213		2090
2214	load B<mona.xpm> with a scaling of 100%	2091	load B<mona.jpg> with a scaling of 100%
2215		2092
2216	=item B<\E]20;;200;?\a>	2093	=item B<\E]20;;200;?\a>
2217		2094
2218	rescale the current pixmap to 200% and display the image geometry in	2095	rescale the current pixmap to 200% and display the image geometry in
2219	the title	2096	the title
…		…
2258	=begin table	2135	=begin table
2259		2136
2260	4 Shift	2137	4 Shift
2261	8 Meta	2138	8 Meta
2262	16 Control	2139	16 Control
2263	32 Double Click I<(Rxvt extension)>	2140	32 Double Click I<(rxvt extension)>
2264		2141
2265	=end table	2142	=end table
2266		2143
2267	Col = B<< C<< <x> - SPACE >> >>	2144	Col = B<< C<< <x> - SPACE >> >>
2268		2145
…		…
2346		2223
2347	=head1 CONFIGURE OPTIONS	2224	=head1 CONFIGURE OPTIONS
2348		2225
2349	General hint: if you get compile errors, then likely your configuration	2226	General hint: if you get compile errors, then likely your configuration
2350	hasn't been tested well. Either try with C<--enable-everything> or use	2227	hasn't been tested well. Either try with C<--enable-everything> or use
2351	the F<./reconf> script as a base for experiments. F<./reconf> is used by	2228	the default configuration (i.e. no C<--enable-xxx> or C<--disable-xxx>
2352	myself, so it should generally be a working config. Of course, you should	2229	switches). Of course, you should always report when a combination doesn't
2353	always report when a combination doesn't work, so it can be fixed. Marc	2230	work, so it can be fixed. Marc Lehmann <rxvt@schmorp.de>.
2354	Lehmann <rxvt@schmorp.de>.
2355		2231
2356	All	2232	All
2357		2233
2358	=over 4	2234	=over 4
2359		2235
…		…
2391		2267
2392	=begin table	2268	=begin table
2393		2269
2394	all all available codeset groups	2270	all all available codeset groups
2395	zh common chinese encodings	2271	zh common chinese encodings
2396	zh_ext rarely used but very big chinese encodigs	2272	zh_ext rarely used but very big chinese encodings
2397	jp common japanese encodings	2273	jp common japanese encodings
2398	jp_ext rarely used but big japanese encodings	2274	jp_ext rarely used but big japanese encodings
2399	kr korean encodings	2275	kr korean encodings
2400		2276
2401	=end table	2277	=end table
…		…
2405	Add support for XIM (X Input Method) protocol. This allows using	2281	Add support for XIM (X Input Method) protocol. This allows using
2406	alternative input methods (e.g. kinput2) and will also correctly	2282	alternative input methods (e.g. kinput2) and will also correctly
2407	set up the input for people using dead keys or compose keys.	2283	set up the input for people using dead keys or compose keys.
2408		2284
2409	=item --enable-unicode3 (default: off)	2285	=item --enable-unicode3 (default: off)
		2286
		2287	Recommended to stay off unless you really need non-BMP characters.
2410		2288
2411	Enable direct support for displaying unicode codepoints above	2289	Enable direct support for displaying unicode codepoints above
2412	65535 (the basic multilingual page). This increases storage	2290	65535 (the basic multilingual page). This increases storage
2413	requirements per character from 2 to 4 bytes. X11 fonts do not yet	2291	requirements per character from 2 to 4 bytes. X11 fonts do not yet
2414	support these extra characters, but Xft does.	2292	support these extra characters, but Xft does.
2415		2293
2416	Please note that rxvt-unicode can store unicode code points >65535	2294	Please note that rxvt-unicode can store unicode code points >65535
2417	even without this flag, but the number of such characters is	2295	even without this flag, but the number of such characters is
2418	limited to a view thousand (shared with combining characters,	2296	limited to a few thousand (shared with combining characters,
2419	see next switch), and right now rxvt-unicode cannot display them	2297	see next switch), and right now rxvt-unicode cannot display them
2420	(input/output and cut&paste still work, though).	2298	(input/output and cut&paste still work, though).
2421		2299
2422	=item --enable-combining (default: on)	2300	=item --enable-combining (default: on)
2423		2301
…		…
2425	composite characters. This is required for proper viewing of text	2303	composite characters. This is required for proper viewing of text
2426	where accents are encoded as seperate unicode characters. This is	2304	where accents are encoded as seperate unicode characters. This is
2427	done by using precomposited characters when available or creating	2305	done by using precomposited characters when available or creating
2428	new pseudo-characters when no precomposed form exists.	2306	new pseudo-characters when no precomposed form exists.
2429		2307
2430	Without --enable-unicode3, the number of additional precomposed characters	2308	Without --enable-unicode3, the number of additional precomposed
2431	is rather limited (2048, if this is full, rxvt-unicode will use the	2309	characters is somewhat limited (the 6400 private use characters will be
2432	private use area, extending the number of combinations to 8448). With
2433	--enable-unicode3, no practical limit exists.	2310	(ab-)used). With --enable-unicode3, no practical limit exists.
2434		2311
2435	This option will also enable storage (but not display) of characters	2312	This option will also enable storage (but not display) of characters
2436	beyond plane 0 (>65535) when --enable-unicode3 was not specified.	2313	beyond plane 0 (>65535) when --enable-unicode3 was not specified.
2437		2314
2438	The combining table also contains entries for arabic presentation forms,	2315	The combining table also contains entries for arabic presentation forms,
2439	but these are not currently used. Bug me if you want these to be used (and	2316	but these are not currently used. Bug me if you want these to be used (and
2440	tell me how these are to be used...).	2317	tell me how these are to be used...).
2441		2318
2442	=item --enable-fallback(=CLASS) (default: Rxvt)	2319	=item --enable-fallback(=CLASS) (default: Rxvt)
2443		2320
2444	When reading resource settings, also read settings for class CLASS. To disable resource fallback use --disable-fallback.	2321	When reading resource settings, also read settings for class CLASS. To
		2322	disable resource fallback use --disable-fallback.
2445		2323
2446	=item --with-res-name=NAME (default: urxvt)	2324	=item --with-res-name=NAME (default: urxvt)
2447		2325
2448	Use the given name as default application name when	2326	Use the given name as default application name when
2449	reading resources. Specify --with-res-name=rxvt to replace rxvt.	2327	reading resources. Specify --with-res-name=rxvt to replace rxvt.
2450		2328
2451	=item --with-res-class=CLASS /default: URxvt)	2329	=item --with-res-class=CLASS (default: URxvt)
2452		2330
2453	Use the given class as default application class	2331	Use the given class as default application class
2454	when reading resources. Specify --with-res-class=Rxvt to replace	2332	when reading resources. Specify --with-res-class=Rxvt to replace
2455	rxvt.	2333	rxvt.
2456		2334
…		…
2469		2347
2470	Write user and tty to lastlog file (used by programs like	2348	Write user and tty to lastlog file (used by programs like
2471	F<lastlogin>) at start of rxvt execution. This option requires	2349	F<lastlogin>) at start of rxvt execution. This option requires
2472	--enable-utmp to also be specified.	2350	--enable-utmp to also be specified.
2473		2351
2474	=item --enable-xpm-background (default: on)	2352	=item --enable-afterimage (default: on)
2475		2353
2476	Add support for XPM background pixmaps.	2354	Add support for libAfterImage to be used for transparency and background
		2355	images. It adds support for many file formats including JPG, PNG,
		2356	SVG, TIFF, GIF, XPM, BMP, ICO, XCF, TGA and AfterStep image XML
		2357	(L<http://www.afterstep.org/visualdoc.php?show=asimagexml>).
		2358
		2359	This option also adds such eye candy as blending an image over the root
		2360	background, as well as dynamic scaling and bluring of background images.
		2361
		2362	Note that with this option enabled, @@RXVT_NAME@@'s memory footprint might
		2363	increase by a few megabytes even if no extra features are used (mostly due
		2364	to third-party libraries used by libAI). Memory footprint may somewhat be
		2365	lowered if libAfterImage is configured without support for SVG.
2477		2366
2478	=item --enable-transparency (default: on)	2367	=item --enable-transparency (default: on)
2479		2368
2480	Add support for inheriting parent backgrounds thus giving a fake	2369	Add support for backgrounds, creating illusion of transparency in the term.
2481	transparency to the term.
2482		2370
2483	=item --enable-fading (default: on)	2371	=item --enable-fading (default: on)
2484		2372
2485	Add support for fading the text when focus is lost (requires C<--enable-transparency>).	2373	Add support for fading the text when focus is lost.
2486
2487	=item --enable-tinting (default: on)
2488
2489	Add support for tinting of transparent backgrounds (requires C<--enable-transparency>).
2490
2491	=item --enable-menubar (default: off) [DEPRECATED]
2492
2493	Add support for our menu bar system (this interacts badly with dynamic
2494	locale switching currently). This option is DEPRECATED and will be removed
2495	in the future.
2496		2374
2497	=item --enable-rxvt-scroll (default: on)	2375	=item --enable-rxvt-scroll (default: on)
2498		2376
2499	Add support for the original rxvt scrollbar.	2377	Add support for the original rxvt scrollbar.
2500		2378
…		…
2510		2388
2511	Add support for a very unobtrusive, plain-looking scrollbar that	2389	Add support for a very unobtrusive, plain-looking scrollbar that
2512	is the favourite of the rxvt-unicode author, having used it for	2390	is the favourite of the rxvt-unicode author, having used it for
2513	many years.	2391	many years.
2514		2392
2515	=item --enable-half-shadow (default: off)
2516
2517	Make shadows on the scrollbar only half the normal width & height.
2518	only applicable to rxvt scrollbars.
2519
2520	=item --enable-ttygid (default: off)	2393	=item --enable-ttygid (default: off)
2521		2394
2522	Change tty device setting to group "tty" - only use this if	2395	Change tty device setting to group "tty" - only use this if
2523	your system uses this type of security.	2396	your system uses this type of security.
2524		2397
…		…
2532	do it.	2405	do it.
2533		2406
2534	=item --disable-resources	2407	=item --disable-resources
2535		2408
2536	Removes any support for resource checking.	2409	Removes any support for resource checking.
2537
2538	=item --enable-strings (default: off)
2539
2540	Add support for our possibly faster memset() function and other
2541	various routines, overriding your system's versions which may
2542	have been hand-crafted in assembly or may require extra libraries
2543	to link in. (this breaks ANSI-C rules and has problems on many
2544	GNU/Linux systems).
2545		2410
2546	=item --disable-swapscreen	2411	=item --disable-swapscreen
2547		2412
2548	Remove support for secondary/swap screen.	2413	Remove support for secondary/swap screen.
2549		2414
…		…
2556	A non-exhaustive list of features enabled by C<--enable-frills> (possibly	2421	A non-exhaustive list of features enabled by C<--enable-frills> (possibly
2557	in combination with other switches) is:	2422	in combination with other switches) is:
2558		2423
2559	MWM-hints	2424	MWM-hints
2560	EWMH-hints (pid, utf8 names) and protocols (ping)	2425	EWMH-hints (pid, utf8 names) and protocols (ping)
		2426	urgency hint
2561	seperate underline colour (-underlineColor)	2427	seperate underline colour (-underlineColor)
2562	settable border widths and borderless switch (-w, -b, -bl)	2428	settable border widths and borderless switch (-w, -b, -bl)
		2429	visual depth selection (-depth)
2563	settable extra linespacing /-lsp)	2430	settable extra linespacing /-lsp)
2564	iso-14755-2 and -3, and visual feedback	2431	iso-14755 5.1 (basic) support
2565	backindex and forwardindex escape sequence
2566	window op and some xterm/OSC escape sequences
2567	tripleclickwords (-tcw)	2432	tripleclickwords (-tcw)
2568	settable insecure mode (-insecure)	2433	settable insecure mode (-insecure)
2569	keysym remapping support	2434	keysym remapping support
2570	cursor blinking and underline cursor (-cb, -uc)	2435	cursor blinking and underline cursor (-cb, -uc)
2571	XEmbed support (-embed)	2436	XEmbed support (-embed)
2572	user-pty (-pty-fd)	2437	user-pty (-pty-fd)
2573	hold on exit (-hold)	2438	hold on exit (-hold)
		2439	compile in built-in block graphics
2574	skip builtin block graphics (-sbg)	2440	skip builtin block graphics (-sbg)
		2441	separate highlightcolor support (-hc)
		2442
		2443	It also enables some non-essential features otherwise disabled, such as:
		2444
		2445	some round-trip time optimisations
		2446	nearest color allocation on pseudocolor screens
		2447	UTF8_STRING support for selection
2575	sgr modes 90..97 and 100..107	2448	sgr modes 90..97 and 100..107
		2449	backindex and forwardindex escape sequences
		2450	view change/zero scrollback escape sequences
		2451	locale switching escape sequence
		2452	window op and some xterm/OSC escape sequences
		2453	rectangular selections
		2454	trailing space removal for selections
		2455	verbose X error handling
2576		2456
2577	=item --enable-iso14755 (default: on)	2457	=item --enable-iso14755 (default: on)
2578		2458
2579	Enable extended ISO 14755 support (see @@RXVT_NAME@@(1), or	2459	Enable extended ISO 14755 support (see @@RXVT_NAME@@(1), or
2580	F<doc/rxvt.1.txt>). Basic support (section 5.1) is enabled by	2460	F<doc/rxvt.1.txt>). Basic support (section 5.1) is enabled by
…		…
2584	=item --enable-keepscrolling (default: on)	2464	=item --enable-keepscrolling (default: on)
2585		2465
2586	Add support for continual scrolling of the display when you hold	2466	Add support for continual scrolling of the display when you hold
2587	the mouse button down on a scrollbar arrow.	2467	the mouse button down on a scrollbar arrow.
2588		2468
		2469	=item --enable-selectionscrolling (default: on)
		2470
		2471	Add support for scrolling when the selection moves to the top or
		2472	bottom of the screen.
		2473
2589	=item --enable-mousewheel (default: on)	2474	=item --enable-mousewheel (default: on)
2590		2475
2591	Add support for scrolling via mouse wheel or buttons 4 & 5.	2476	Add support for scrolling via mouse wheel or buttons 4 & 5.
2592		2477
2593	=item --enable-slipwheeling (default: on)	2478	=item --enable-slipwheeling (default: on)
2594		2479
2595	Add support for continual scrolling (using the mouse wheel as an	2480	Add support for continual scrolling (using the mouse wheel as an
2596	accelerator) while the control key is held down. This option	2481	accelerator) while the control key is held down. This option
2597	requires --enable-mousewheel to also be specified.	2482	requires --enable-mousewheel to also be specified.
2598		2483
2599	=item --disable-new-selection
2600
2601	Remove support for mouse selection style like that of xterm.
2602
2603	=item --enable-dmalloc (default: off)
2604
2605	Use Gray Watson's malloc - which is good for debugging See
2606	http://www.letters.com/dmalloc/ for details If you use either this or the
2607	next option, you may need to edit src/Makefile after compiling to point
2608	DINCLUDE and DLIB to the right places.
2609
2610	You can only use either this option and the following (should
2611	you use either) .
2612
2613	=item --enable-dlmalloc (default: off)
2614
2615	Use Doug Lea's malloc - which is good for a production version
2616	See L<http://g.oswego.edu/dl/html/malloc.html> for details.
2617
2618	=item --enable-smart-resize (default: on)	2484	=item --enable-smart-resize (default: off)
2619		2485
2620	Add smart growth/shrink behaviour when changing font size via hot	2486	Add smart growth/shrink behaviour when resizing.
2621	keys. This should keep the window corner which is closest to a corner of	2487	This should keep the window corner which is closest to a corner of
2622	the screen in a fixed position.	2488	the screen in a fixed position.
2623		2489
2624	=item --enable-pointer-blank (default: on)	2490	=item --enable-pointer-blank (default: on)
2625		2491
2626	Add support to have the pointer disappear when typing or inactive.	2492	Add support to have the pointer disappear when typing or inactive.
2627		2493
2628	=item --enable-perl (default: off)	2494	=item --enable-perl (default: on)
2629		2495
2630	Enable an embedded perl interpreter. See the B<@@RXVT_NAME@@perl(3)>	2496	Enable an embedded perl interpreter. See the B<@@RXVT_NAME@@perl(3)>
2631	manpage (F<doc/rxvtperl.txt>) for more info on this feature, or the files	2497	manpage (F<doc/rxvtperl.txt>) for more info on this feature, or the
2632	in F<src/perl-ext/> for the extensions that are installed by default. The	2498	files in F<src/perl-ext/> for the extensions that are installed by
2633	perl interpreter that is used can be specified via the C<PERL> environment	2499	default. The perl interpreter that is used can be specified via the
2634	variable when running configure.	2500	C<PERL> environment variable when running configure. Even when compiled
		2501	in, perl will I<not> be initialised when all extensions have been disabled
		2502	C<-pe "" --perl-ext-common "">, so it should be safe to enable from a
		2503	resource standpoint.
		2504
		2505	=item --with-afterimage-config=DIR
		2506
		2507	Look for the libAfterImage config script in DIR.
2635		2508
2636	=item --with-name=NAME (default: urxvt)	2509	=item --with-name=NAME (default: urxvt)
2637		2510
2638	Set the basename for the installed binaries, resulting	2511	Set the basename for the installed binaries, resulting
2639	in C<urxvt>, C<urxvtd> etc.). Specify C<--with-name=rxvt> to replace with	2512	in C<urxvt>, C<urxvtd> etc.). Specify C<--with-name=rxvt> to replace with
…		…
2649	PATH.	2522	PATH.
2650		2523
2651	=item --with-x	2524	=item --with-x
2652		2525
2653	Use the X Window System (pretty much default, eh?).	2526	Use the X Window System (pretty much default, eh?).
2654
2655	=item --with-xpm-includes=DIR
2656
2657	Look for the XPM includes in DIR.
2658
2659	=item --with-xpm-library=DIR
2660
2661	Look for the XPM library in DIR.
2662
2663	=item --with-xpm
2664
2665	Not needed - define via --enable-xpm-background.
2666		2527
2667	=back	2528	=back
2668		2529
2669	=head1 AUTHORS	2530	=head1 AUTHORS
2670		2531

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