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1	=head1 Rxvt Technical Reference	1	=head1 NAME
2		2
3	Marc Lehmann <rxvt@schmorp.de>, converted to pod and reworked from the	3	RXVT REFERENCE - FAQ, command sequences and other background information
4	original Rxvt documentation by Geoff Wing <gcw@pobox.com>, who in turn used
5	the XTerm documentation and other sources.
6		4
		5	=head1 SYNOPSIS
		6
		7	# set a new font set
		8	printf '\33]50;%s\007' 9x15,xft:Kochi" Mincho"
		9
		10	# change the locale and tell rxvt-unicode about it
		11	export LC_CTYPE=ja_JP.EUC-JP; printf "\33]701;$LC_CTYPE\007"
		12
		13	# set window title
		14	printf '\33]2;%s\007' "new window title"
		15
		16	=head1 DESCRIPTION
		17
		18	This document contains the FAQ, the RXVT TECHNICAL REFERENCE documenting
		19	all escape sequences, and other background information.
		20
		21	The newest version of this document is also available on the World Wide Web at
		22	L<http://cvs.schmorp.de/browse/rxvt-unicode/doc/rxvt.7.html>.
		23
		24	=head1 RXVT-UNICODE/URXVT FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS
		25
		26
		27	=head2 Meta, Features & Commandline Issues
		28
		29	=head3 My question isn't answered here, can I ask a human?
		30
		31	Before sending me mail, you could go to IRC: C<irc.freenode.net>,
		32	channel C<#rxvt-unicode> has some rxvt-unicode enthusiasts that might be
		33	interested in learning about new and exciting problems (but not FAQs :).
		34
		35	=head3 Does it support tabs, can I have a tabbed rxvt-unicode?
		36
		37	Beginning with version 7.3, there is a perl extension that implements a
		38	simple tabbed terminal. It is installed by default, so any of these should
		39	give you tabs:
		40
		41	@@URXVT_NAME@@ -pe tabbed
		42
		43	URxvt.perl-ext-common: default,tabbed
		44
		45	It will also work fine with tabbing functionality of many window managers
		46	or similar tabbing programs, and its embedding-features allow it to be
		47	embedded into other programs, as witnessed by F<doc/rxvt-tabbed> or
		48	the upcoming C<Gtk2::URxvt> perl module, which features a tabbed urxvt
		49	(murxvt) terminal as an example embedding application.
		50
		51	=head3 How do I know which rxvt-unicode version I'm using?
		52
		53	The version number is displayed with the usage (-h). Also the escape
		54	sequence C<ESC [ 8 n> sets the window title to the version number. When
		55	using the @@URXVT_NAME@@c client, the version displayed is that of the
		56	daemon.
		57
		58	=head3 Rxvt-unicode uses gobs of memory, how can I reduce that?
		59
		60	Rxvt-unicode tries to obey the rule of not charging you for something you
		61	don't use. One thing you should try is to configure out all settings that
		62	you don't need, for example, Xft support is a resource hog by design,
		63	when used. Compiling it out ensures that no Xft font will be loaded
		64	accidentally when rxvt-unicode tries to find a font for your characters.
		65
		66	Also, many people (me included) like large windows and even larger
		67	scrollback buffers: Without C<--enable-unicode3>, rxvt-unicode will use
		68	6 bytes per screen cell. For a 160x?? window this amounts to almost a
		69	kilobyte per line. A scrollback buffer of 10000 lines will then (if full)
		70	use 10 Megabytes of memory. With C<--enable-unicode3> it gets worse, as
		71	rxvt-unicode then uses 8 bytes per screen cell.
		72
		73	=head3 How can I start @@URXVT_NAME@@d in a race-free way?
		74
		75	Try C<@@URXVT_NAME@@d -f -o>, which tells @@URXVT_NAME@@d to open the
		76	display, create the listening socket and then fork.
		77
		78	=head3 How can I start @@URXVT_NAME@@d automatically when I run @@URXVT_NAME@@c?
		79
		80	If you want to start @@URXVT_NAME@@d automatically whenever you run
		81	@@URXVT_NAME@@c and the daemon isn't running yet, use this script:
		82
		83	#!/bin/sh
		84	@@URXVT_NAME@@c "$@"
		85	if [ $? -eq 2 ]; then
		86	@@URXVT_NAME@@d -q -o -f
		87	@@URXVT_NAME@@c "$@"
		88	fi
		89
		90	This tries to create a new terminal, and if fails with exit status 2,
		91	meaning it couldn't connect to the daemon, it will start the daemon and
		92	re-run the command. Subsequent invocations of the script will re-use the
		93	existing daemon.
		94
		95	=head3 How do I distinguish whether I'm running rxvt-unicode or a regular xterm? I need this to decide about setting colors etc.
		96
		97	The original rxvt and rxvt-unicode always export the variable "COLORTERM",
		98	so you can check and see if that is set. Note that several programs, JED,
		99	slrn, Midnight Commander automatically check this variable to decide
		100	whether or not to use color.
		101
		102	=head3 How do I set the correct, full IP address for the DISPLAY variable?
		103
		104	If you've compiled rxvt-unicode with DISPLAY_IS_IP and have enabled
		105	insecure mode then it is possible to use the following shell script
		106	snippets to correctly set the display. If your version of rxvt-unicode
		107	wasn't also compiled with ESCZ_ANSWER (as assumed in these snippets) then
		108	the COLORTERM variable can be used to distinguish rxvt-unicode from a
		109	regular xterm.
		110
		111	Courtesy of Chuck Blake <cblake@BBN.COM> with the following shell script
		112	snippets:
		113
		114	# Bourne/Korn/POSIX family of shells:
		115	[ ${TERM:-foo} = foo ] && TERM=xterm # assume an xterm if we don't know
		116	if [ ${TERM:-foo} = xterm ]; then
		117	stty -icanon -echo min 0 time 15 # see if enhanced rxvt or not
		118	echo -n '^[Z'
		119	read term_id
		120	stty icanon echo
		121	if [ ""${term_id} = '^[[?1;2C' -a ${DISPLAY:-foo} = foo ]; then
		122	echo -n '^[[7n' # query the rxvt we are in for the DISPLAY string
		123	read DISPLAY # set it in our local shell
		124	fi
		125	fi
		126
		127	=head3 How do I compile the manual pages on my own?
		128
		129	You need to have a recent version of perl installed as F</usr/bin/perl>,
		130	one that comes with F<pod2man>, F<pod2text> and F<pod2html>. Then go to
		131	the doc subdirectory and enter C<make alldoc>.
		132
		133	=head3 Isn't rxvt-unicode supposed to be small? Don't all those features bloat?
		134
		135	I often get asked about this, and I think, no, they didn't cause extra
		136	bloat. If you compare a minimal rxvt and a minimal urxvt, you can see
		137	that the urxvt binary is larger (due to some encoding tables always being
		138	compiled in), but it actually uses less memory (RSS) after startup. Even
		139	with C<--disable-everything>, this comparison is a bit unfair, as many
		140	features unique to urxvt (locale, encoding conversion, iso14755 etc.) are
		141	already in use in this mode.
		142
		143	text data bss drs rss filename
		144	98398 1664 24 15695 1824 rxvt --disable-everything
		145	188985 9048 66616 18222 1788 urxvt --disable-everything
		146
		147	When you C<--enable-everything> (which I<is> unfair, as this involves xft
		148	and full locale/XIM support which are quite bloaty inside libX11 and my
		149	libc), the two diverge, but not unreasonably so.
		150
		151	text data bss drs rss filename
		152	163431 2152 24 20123 2060 rxvt --enable-everything
		153	1035683 49680 66648 29096 3680 urxvt --enable-everything
		154
		155	The very large size of the text section is explained by the east-asian
		156	encoding tables, which, if unused, take up disk space but nothing else
		157	and can be compiled out unless you rely on X11 core fonts that use those
		158	encodings. The BSS size comes from the 64k emergency buffer that my c++
		159	compiler allocates (but of course doesn't use unless you are out of
		160	memory). Also, using an xft font instead of a core font immediately adds a
		161	few megabytes of RSS. Xft indeed is responsible for a lot of RSS even when
		162	not used.
		163
		164	Of course, due to every character using two or four bytes instead of one,
		165	a large scrollback buffer will ultimately make rxvt-unicode use more
		166	memory.
		167
		168	Compared to e.g. Eterm (5112k), aterm (3132k) and xterm (4680k), this
		169	still fares rather well. And compared to some monsters like gnome-terminal
		170	(21152k + extra 4204k in separate processes) or konsole (22200k + extra
		171	43180k in daemons that stay around after exit, plus half a minute of
		172	startup time, including the hundreds of warnings it spits out), it fares
		173	extremely well *g*.
		174
		175	=head3 Why C++, isn't that unportable/bloated/uncool?
		176
		177	Is this a question? :) It comes up very often. The simple answer is: I had
		178	to write it, and C++ allowed me to write and maintain it in a fraction
		179	of the time and effort (which is a scarce resource for me). Put even
		180	shorter: It simply wouldn't exist without C++.
		181
		182	My personal stance on this is that C++ is less portable than C, but in
		183	the case of rxvt-unicode this hardly matters, as its portability limits
		184	are defined by things like X11, pseudo terminals, locale support and unix
		185	domain sockets, which are all less portable than C++ itself.
		186
		187	Regarding the bloat, see the above question: It's easy to write programs
		188	in C that use gobs of memory, an certainly possible to write programs in
		189	C++ that don't. C++ also often comes with large libraries, but this is
		190	not necessarily the case with GCC. Here is what rxvt links against on my
		191	system with a minimal config:
		192
		193	libX11.so.6 => /usr/X11R6/lib/libX11.so.6 (0x00002aaaaabc3000)
		194	libc.so.6 => /lib/libc.so.6 (0x00002aaaaadde000)
		195	libdl.so.2 => /lib/libdl.so.2 (0x00002aaaab01d000)
		196	/lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (0x00002aaaaaaab000)
		197
		198	And here is rxvt-unicode:
		199
		200	libX11.so.6 => /usr/X11R6/lib/libX11.so.6 (0x00002aaaaabc3000)
		201	libgcc_s.so.1 => /lib/libgcc_s.so.1 (0x00002aaaaada2000)
		202	libc.so.6 => /lib/libc.so.6 (0x00002aaaaaeb0000)
		203	libdl.so.2 => /lib/libdl.so.2 (0x00002aaaab0ee000)
		204	/lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (0x00002aaaaaaab000)
		205
		206	No large bloated libraries (of course, none were linked in statically),
		207	except maybe libX11 :)
		208
		209
		210	=head2 Rendering, Font & Look and Feel Issues
		211
		212	=head3 I can't get transparency working, what am I doing wrong?
		213
		214	First of all, transparency isn't officially supported in rxvt-unicode, so
		215	you are mostly on your own. Do not bug the author about it (but you may
		216	bug everybody else). Also, if you can't get it working consider it a rite
		217	of passage: ... and you failed.
		218
		219	Here are four ways to get transparency. B<Do> read the manpage and option
		220	descriptions for the programs mentioned and rxvt-unicode. Really, do it!
		221
		222	1. Use inheritPixmap:
		223
		224	Esetroot wallpaper.jpg
		225	@@URXVT_NAME@@ -ip -tint red -sh 40
		226
		227	That works. If you think it doesn't, you lack transparency and tinting
		228	support, or you are unable to read.
		229
		230	2. Use a simple pixmap and emulate pseudo-transparency. This enables you
		231	to use effects other than tinting and shading: Just shade/tint/whatever
		232	your picture with gimp or any other tool:
		233
		234	convert wallpaper.jpg -blur 20x20 -modulate 30 background.xpm
		235	@@URXVT_NAME@@ -pixmap background.xpm -pe automove-background
		236
		237	That works. If you think it doesn't, you lack XPM and Perl support, or you
		238	are unable to read.
		239
		240	3. Use an ARGB visual:
		241
		242	@@URXVT_NAME@@ -depth 32 -fg grey90 -bg rgba:0000/0000/4444/cccc
		243
		244	This requires XFT support, and the support of your X-server. If that
		245	doesn't work for you, blame Xorg and Keith Packard. ARGB visuals aren't
		246	there yet, no matter what they claim. Rxvt-Unicode contains the necessary
		247	bugfixes and workarounds for Xft and Xlib to make it work, but that
		248	doesn't mean that your WM has the required kludges in place.
		249
		250	4. Use xcompmgr and let it do the job:
		251
		252	xprop -frame -f _NET_WM_WINDOW_OPACITY 32c \
		253	-set _NET_WM_WINDOW_OPACITY 0xc0000000
		254
		255	Then click on a window you want to make transparent. Replace C<0xc0000000>
		256	by other values to change the degree of opacity. If it doesn't work and
		257	your server crashes, you got to keep the pieces.
		258
		259	=head3 Why does rxvt-unicode sometimes leave pixel droppings?
		260
		261	Most fonts were not designed for terminal use, which means that character
		262	size varies a lot. A font that is otherwise fine for terminal use might
		263	contain some characters that are simply too wide. Rxvt-unicode will avoid
		264	these characters. For characters that are just "a bit" too wide a special
		265	"careful" rendering mode is used that redraws adjacent characters.
		266
		267	All of this requires that fonts do not lie about character sizes,
		268	however: Xft fonts often draw glyphs larger than their acclaimed bounding
		269	box, and rxvt-unicode has no way of detecting this (the correct way is to
		270	ask for the character bounding box, which unfortunately is wrong in these
		271	cases).
		272
		273	It's not clear (to me at least), whether this is a bug in Xft, freetype,
		274	or the respective font. If you encounter this problem you might try using
		275	the C<-lsp> option to give the font more height. If that doesn't work, you
		276	might be forced to use a different font.
		277
		278	All of this is not a problem when using X11 core fonts, as their bounding
		279	box data is correct.
		280
		281	=head3 How can I keep rxvt-unicode from using reverse video so much?
		282
		283	First of all, make sure you are running with the right terminal settings
		284	(C<TERM=rxvt-unicode>), which will get rid of most of these effects. Then
		285	make sure you have specified colours for italic and bold, as otherwise
		286	rxvt-unicode might use reverse video to simulate the effect:
		287
		288	URxvt.colorBD: white
		289	URxvt.colorIT: green
		290
		291	=head3 Some programs assume totally weird colours (red instead of blue), how can I fix that?
		292
		293	For some unexplainable reason, some rare programs assume a very weird
		294	colour palette when confronted with a terminal with more than the standard
		295	8 colours (rxvt-unicode supports 88). The right fix is, of course, to fix
		296	these programs not to assume non-ISO colours without very good reasons.
		297
		298	In the meantime, you can either edit your C<rxvt-unicode> terminfo
		299	definition to only claim 8 colour support or use C<TERM=rxvt>, which will
		300	fix colours but keep you from using other rxvt-unicode features.
		301
		302	=head3 Can I switch the fonts at runtime?
		303
		304	Yes, using an escape sequence. Try something like this, which has the same
		305	effect as using the C<-fn> switch, and takes effect immediately:
		306
		307	printf '\33]50;%s\007' "9x15bold,xft:Kochi Gothic"
		308
		309	This is useful if you e.g. work primarily with japanese (and prefer a
		310	japanese font), but you have to switch to chinese temporarily, where
		311	japanese fonts would only be in your way.
		312
		313	You can think of this as a kind of manual ISO-2022 switching.
		314
		315	=head3 Why do italic characters look as if clipped?
		316
		317	Many fonts have difficulties with italic characters and hinting. For
		318	example, the otherwise very nicely hinted font C<xft:Bitstream Vera Sans
		319	Mono> completely fails in its italic face. A workaround might be to
		320	enable freetype autohinting, i.e. like this:
		321
		322	URxvt.italicFont: xft:Bitstream Vera Sans Mono:italic:autohint=true
		323	URxvt.boldItalicFont: xft:Bitstream Vera Sans Mono:bold:italic:autohint=true
		324
		325	=head3 Can I speed up Xft rendering somehow?
		326
		327	Yes, the most obvious way to speed it up is to avoid Xft entirely, as
		328	it is simply slow. If you still want Xft fonts you might try to disable
		329	antialiasing (by appending C<:antialias=false>), which saves lots of
		330	memory and also speeds up rendering considerably.
		331
		332	=head3 Rxvt-unicode doesn't seem to anti-alias its fonts, what is wrong?
		333
		334	Rxvt-unicode will use whatever you specify as a font. If it needs to
		335	fall back to its default font search list it will prefer X11 core
		336	fonts, because they are small and fast, and then use Xft fonts. It has
		337	antialiasing disabled for most of them, because the author thinks they
		338	look best that way.
		339
		340	If you want antialiasing, you have to specify the fonts manually.
		341
		342	=head3 What's with this bold/blink stuff?
		343
		344	If no bold colour is set via C<colorBD:>, bold will invert text using the
		345	standard foreground colour.
		346
		347	For the standard background colour, blinking will actually make the
		348	text blink when compiled with C<--enable-blinking>. with standard
		349	colours. Without C<--enable-blinking>, the blink attribute will be
		350	ignored.
		351
		352	On ANSI colours, bold/blink attributes are used to set high-intensity
		353	foreground/background colors.
		354
		355	color0-7 are the low-intensity colors.
		356
		357	color8-15 are the corresponding high-intensity colors.
		358
		359	=head3 I don't like the screen colors. How do I change them?
		360
		361	You can change the screen colors at run-time using F<~/.Xdefaults>
		362	resources (or as long-options).
		363
		364	Here are values that are supposed to resemble a VGA screen,
		365	including the murky brown that passes for low-intensity yellow:
		366
		367	URxvt.color0: #000000
		368	URxvt.color1: #A80000
		369	URxvt.color2: #00A800
		370	URxvt.color3: #A8A800
		371	URxvt.color4: #0000A8
		372	URxvt.color5: #A800A8
		373	URxvt.color6: #00A8A8
		374	URxvt.color7: #A8A8A8
		375
		376	URxvt.color8: #000054
		377	URxvt.color9: #FF0054
		378	URxvt.color10: #00FF54
		379	URxvt.color11: #FFFF54
		380	URxvt.color12: #0000FF
		381	URxvt.color13: #FF00FF
		382	URxvt.color14: #00FFFF
		383	URxvt.color15: #FFFFFF
		384
		385	And here is a more complete set of non-standard colors.
		386
		387	URxvt.cursorColor: #dc74d1
		388	URxvt.pointerColor: #dc74d1
		389	URxvt.background: #0e0e0e
		390	URxvt.foreground: #4ad5e1
		391	URxvt.color0: #000000
		392	URxvt.color8: #8b8f93
		393	URxvt.color1: #dc74d1
		394	URxvt.color9: #dc74d1
		395	URxvt.color2: #0eb8c7
		396	URxvt.color10: #0eb8c7
		397	URxvt.color3: #dfe37e
		398	URxvt.color11: #dfe37e
		399	URxvt.color5: #9e88f0
		400	URxvt.color13: #9e88f0
		401	URxvt.color6: #73f7ff
		402	URxvt.color14: #73f7ff
		403	URxvt.color7: #e1dddd
		404	URxvt.color15: #e1dddd
		405
		406	They have been described (not by me) as "pretty girly".
		407
		408	=head3 Why do some characters look so much different than others?
		409
		410	See next entry.
		411
		412	=head3 How does rxvt-unicode choose fonts?
		413
		414	Most fonts do not contain the full range of Unicode, which is
		415	fine. Chances are that the font you (or the admin/package maintainer of
		416	your system/os) have specified does not cover all the characters you want
		417	to display.
		418
		419	B<rxvt-unicode> makes a best-effort try at finding a replacement
		420	font. Often the result is fine, but sometimes the chosen font looks
		421	bad/ugly/wrong. Some fonts have totally strange characters that don't
		422	resemble the correct glyph at all, and rxvt-unicode lacks the artificial
		423	intelligence to detect that a specific glyph is wrong: it has to believe
		424	the font that the characters it claims to contain indeed look correct.
		425
		426	In that case, select a font of your taste and add it to the font list,
		427	e.g.:
		428
		429	@@URXVT_NAME@@ -fn basefont,font2,font3...
		430
		431	When rxvt-unicode sees a character, it will first look at the base
		432	font. If the base font does not contain the character, it will go to the
		433	next font, and so on. Specifying your own fonts will also speed up this
		434	search and use less resources within rxvt-unicode and the X-server.
		435
		436	The only limitation is that none of the fonts may be larger than the base
		437	font, as the base font defines the terminal character cell size, which
		438	must be the same due to the way terminals work.
		439
		440	=head3 Why do some chinese characters look so different than others?
		441
		442	This is because there is a difference between script and language --
		443	rxvt-unicode does not know which language the text that is output is,
		444	as it only knows the unicode character codes. If rxvt-unicode first
		445	sees a japanese/chinese character, it might choose a japanese font for
		446	display. Subsequent japanese characters will use that font. Now, many
		447	chinese characters aren't represented in japanese fonts, so when the first
		448	non-japanese character comes up, rxvt-unicode will look for a chinese font
		449	-- unfortunately at this point, it will still use the japanese font for
		450	chinese characters that are also in the japanese font.
		451
		452	The workaround is easy: just tag a chinese font at the end of your font
		453	list (see the previous question). The key is to view the font list as
		454	a preference list: If you expect more japanese, list a japanese font
		455	first. If you expect more chinese, put a chinese font first.
		456
		457	In the future it might be possible to switch language preferences at
		458	runtime (the internal data structure has no problem with using different
		459	fonts for the same character at the same time, but no interface for this
		460	has been designed yet).
		461
		462	Until then, you might get away with switching fonts at runtime (see L<Can
		463	I switch the fonts at runtime?> later in this document).
		464
		465	=head2 Keyboard, Mouse & User Interaction
		466
		467	=head3 The new selection selects pieces that are too big, how can I select single words?
		468
		469	If you want to select e.g. alphanumeric words, you can use the following
		470	setting:
		471
		472	URxvt.selection.pattern-0: ([[:word:]]+)
		473
		474	If you click more than twice, the selection will be extended
		475	more and more.
		476
		477	To get a selection that is very similar to the old code, try this pattern:
		478
		479	URxvt.selection.pattern-0: ([^"&'()*,;<=>?@[\\\\]^`{|})]+)
		480
		481	Please also note that the I<LeftClick Shift-LeftClik> combination also
		482	selects words like the old code.
		483
		484	=head3 I don't like the new selection/popups/hotkeys/perl, how do I change/disable it?
		485
		486	You can disable the perl extension completely by setting the
		487	B<perl-ext-common> resource to the empty string, which also keeps
		488	rxvt-unicode from initialising perl, saving memory.
		489
		490	If you only want to disable specific features, you first have to
		491	identify which perl extension is responsible. For this, read the section
		492	B<PREPACKAGED EXTENSIONS> in the @@URXVT_NAME@@perl(3) manpage. For
		493	example, to disable the B<selection-popup> and B<option-popup>, specify
		494	this B<perl-ext-common> resource:
		495
		496	URxvt.perl-ext-common: default,-selection-popup,-option-popup
		497
		498	This will keep the default extensions, but disable the two popup
		499	extensions. Some extensions can also be configured, for example,
		500	scrollback search mode is triggered by B<M-s>. You can move it to any
		501	other combination either by setting the B<searchable-scrollback> resource:
		502
		503	URxvt.searchable-scrollback: CM-s
		504
		505	=head3 The cursor moves when selecting text in the current input line, how do I switch this off?
		506
		507	See next entry.
		508
		509	=head3 During rlogin/ssh/telnet/etc. sessions, clicking near the cursor outputs strange escape sequences, how do I fix this?
		510
		511	These are caused by the C<readline> perl extension. Under normal
		512	circumstances, it will move your cursor around when you click into the
		513	line that contains it. It tries hard not to do this at the wrong moment,
		514	but when running a program that doesn't parse cursor movements or in some
		515	cases during rlogin sessions, it fails to detect this properly.
		516
		517	You can permanently switch this feature off by disabling the C<readline>
		518	extension:
		519
		520	URxvt.perl-ext-common: default,-readline
		521
		522	=head3 My numerical keypad acts weird and generates differing output?
		523
		524	Some Debian GNUL/Linux users seem to have this problem, although no
		525	specific details were reported so far. It is possible that this is caused
		526	by the wrong C<TERM> setting, although the details of whether and how
		527	this can happen are unknown, as C<TERM=rxvt> should offer a compatible
		528	keymap. See the answer to the previous question, and please report if that
		529	helped.
		530
		531	=head3 My Compose (Multi_key) key is no longer working.
		532
		533	The most common causes for this are that either your locale is not set
		534	correctly, or you specified a B<preeditStyle> that is not supported by
		535	your input method. For example, if you specified B<OverTheSpot> and
		536	your input method (e.g. the default input method handling Compose keys)
		537	does not support this (for instance because it is not visual), then
		538	rxvt-unicode will continue without an input method.
		539
		540	In this case either do not specify a B<preeditStyle> or specify more than
		541	one pre-edit style, such as B<OverTheSpot,Root,None>.
		542
		543	=head3 I cannot type C<Ctrl-Shift-2> to get an ASCII NUL character due to ISO 14755
		544
		545	Either try C<Ctrl-2> alone (it often is mapped to ASCII NUL even on
		546	international keyboards) or simply use ISO 14755 support to your
		547	advantage, typing <Ctrl-Shift-0> to get a ASCII NUL. This works for other
		548	codes, too, such as C<Ctrl-Shift-1-d> to type the default telnet escape
		549	character and so on.
		550
		551	=head3 Mouse cut/paste suddenly no longer works.
		552
		553	Make sure that mouse reporting is actually turned off since killing
		554	some editors prematurely may leave the mouse in mouse report mode. I've
		555	heard that tcsh may use mouse reporting unless it otherwise specified. A
		556	quick check is to see if cut/paste works when the Alt or Shift keys are
		557	depressed.
		558
		559	=head3 What's with the strange Backspace/Delete key behaviour?
		560
		561	Assuming that the physical Backspace key corresponds to the
		562	Backspace keysym (not likely for Linux ... see the following
		563	question) there are two standard values that can be used for
		564	Backspace: C<^H> and C<^?>.
		565
		566	Historically, either value is correct, but rxvt-unicode adopts the debian
		567	policy of using C<^?> when unsure, because it's the one only only correct
		568	choice :).
		569
		570	Rxvt-unicode tries to inherit the current stty settings and uses the value
		571	of `erase' to guess the value for backspace. If rxvt-unicode wasn't
		572	started from a terminal (say, from a menu or by remote shell), then the
		573	system value of `erase', which corresponds to CERASE in <termios.h>, will
		574	be used (which may not be the same as your stty setting).
		575
		576	For starting a new rxvt-unicode:
		577
		578	# use Backspace = ^H
		579	$ stty erase ^H
		580	$ @@URXVT_NAME@@
		581
		582	# use Backspace = ^?
		583	$ stty erase ^?
		584	$ @@URXVT_NAME@@
		585
		586	Toggle with C<ESC [ 36 h> / C<ESC [ 36 l>.
		587
		588	For an existing rxvt-unicode:
		589
		590	# use Backspace = ^H
		591	$ stty erase ^H
		592	$ echo -n "^[[36h"
		593
		594	# use Backspace = ^?
		595	$ stty erase ^?
		596	$ echo -n "^[[36l"
		597
		598	This helps satisfy some of the Backspace discrepancies that occur, but
		599	if you use Backspace = C<^H>, make sure that the termcap/terminfo value
		600	properly reflects that.
		601
		602	The Delete key is a another casualty of the ill-defined Backspace problem.
		603	To avoid confusion between the Backspace and Delete keys, the Delete
		604	key has been assigned an escape sequence to match the vt100 for Execute
		605	(C<ESC [ 3 ~>) and is in the supplied termcap/terminfo.
		606
		607	Some other Backspace problems:
		608
		609	some editors use termcap/terminfo,
		610	some editors (vim I'm told) expect Backspace = ^H,
		611	GNU Emacs (and Emacs-like editors) use ^H for help.
		612
		613	Perhaps someday this will all be resolved in a consistent manner.
		614
		615	=head3 I don't like the key-bindings. How do I change them?
		616
		617	There are some compile-time selections available via configure. Unless
		618	you have run "configure" with the C<--disable-resources> option you can
		619	use the `keysym' resource to alter the keystrings associated with keysyms.
		620
		621	Here's an example for a URxvt session started using C<@@URXVT_NAME@@ -name URxvt>
		622
		623	URxvt.keysym.Home: \033[1~
		624	URxvt.keysym.End: \033[4~
		625	URxvt.keysym.C-apostrophe: \033<C-'>
		626	URxvt.keysym.C-slash: \033<C-/>
		627	URxvt.keysym.C-semicolon: \033<C-;>
		628	URxvt.keysym.C-grave: \033<C-`>
		629	URxvt.keysym.C-comma: \033<C-,>
		630	URxvt.keysym.C-period: \033<C-.>
		631	URxvt.keysym.C-0x60: \033<C-`>
		632	URxvt.keysym.C-Tab: \033<C-Tab>
		633	URxvt.keysym.C-Return: \033<C-Return>
		634	URxvt.keysym.S-Return: \033<S-Return>
		635	URxvt.keysym.S-space: \033<S-Space>
		636	URxvt.keysym.M-Up: \033<M-Up>
		637	URxvt.keysym.M-Down: \033<M-Down>
		638	URxvt.keysym.M-Left: \033<M-Left>
		639	URxvt.keysym.M-Right: \033<M-Right>
		640	URxvt.keysym.M-C-0: list \033<M-C- 0123456789 >
		641	URxvt.keysym.M-C-a: list \033<M-C- abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz >
		642	URxvt.keysym.F12: command:\033]701;zh_CN.GBK\007
		643
		644	See some more examples in the documentation for the B<keysym> resource.
		645
		646	=head3 I'm using keyboard model XXX that has extra Prior/Next/Insert keys. How do I make use of them? For example, the Sun Keyboard type 4 has the following map
		647
		648	KP_Insert == Insert
		649	F22 == Print
		650	F27 == Home
		651	F29 == Prior
		652	F33 == End
		653	F35 == Next
		654
		655	Rather than have rxvt-unicode try to accommodate all the various possible
		656	keyboard mappings, it is better to use `xmodmap' to remap the keys as
		657	required for your particular machine.
		658
		659
		660
		661	=head2 Terminal Configuration
		662
		663	=head3 Can I see a typical configuration?
		664
		665	The default configuration tries to be xterm-like, which I don't like that
		666	much, but it's least surprise to regular users.
		667
		668	As a rxvt or rxvt-unicode user, you are practically supposed to invest
		669	time into customising your terminal. To get you started, here is the
		670	author's .Xdefaults entries, with comments on what they do. It's certainly
		671	not I<typical>, but what's typical...
		672
		673	URxvt.cutchars: "()*,<>[]{}|'
		674	URxvt.print-pipe: cat >/tmp/xxx
		675
		676	These are just for testing stuff.
		677
		678	URxvt.imLocale: ja_JP.UTF-8
		679	URxvt.preeditType: OnTheSpot,None
		680
		681	This tells rxvt-unicode to use a special locale when communicating with
		682	the X Input Method, and also tells it to only use the OnTheSpot pre-edit
		683	type, which requires the C<xim-onthespot> perl extension but rewards me
		684	with correct-looking fonts.
		685
		686	URxvt.perl-lib: /root/lib/urxvt
		687	URxvt.perl-ext-common: default,selection-autotransform,selection-pastebin,xim-onthespot,remote-clipboard
		688	URxvt.selection.pattern-0: ( at .*? line \\d+)
		689	URxvt.selection.pattern-1: ^(/[^:]+):\
		690	URxvt.selection-autotransform.0: s/^([^:[:space:]]+):(\\d+):?$/:e \\Q$1\\E\\x0d:$2\\x0d/
		691	URxvt.selection-autotransform.1: s/^ at (.*?) line (\\d+)$/:e \\Q$1\\E\\x0d:$2\\x0d/
		692
		693	This is my perl configuration. The first two set the perl library
		694	directory and also tells urxvt to use a large number of extensions. I
		695	develop for myself mostly, so I actually use most of the extensions I
		696	write.
		697
		698	The selection stuff mainly makes the selection perl-error-message aware
		699	and tells it to convert perl error messages into vi-commands to load the
		700	relevant file and go tot he error line number.
		701
		702	URxvt.scrollstyle: plain
		703	URxvt.secondaryScroll: true
		704
		705	As the documentation says: plain is the preferred scrollbar for the
		706	author. The C<secondaryScroll> configures urxvt to scroll in full-screen
		707	apps, like screen, so lines scrolled out of screen end up in urxvt's
		708	scrollback buffer.
		709
		710	URxvt.background: #000000
		711	URxvt.foreground: gray90
		712	URxvt.color7: gray90
		713	URxvt.colorBD: #ffffff
		714	URxvt.cursorColor: #e0e080
		715	URxvt.throughColor: #8080f0
		716	URxvt.highlightColor: #f0f0f0
		717
		718	Some colours. Not sure which ones are being used or even non-defaults, but
		719	these are in my .Xdefaults. Most notably, they set foreground/background
		720	to light gray/black, and also make sure that the colour 7 matches the
		721	default foreground colour.
		722
		723	URxvt.underlineColor: yellow
		724
		725	Another colour, makes underline lines look different. Sometimes hurts, but
		726	is mostly a nice effect.
		727
		728	URxvt.geometry: 154x36
		729	URxvt.loginShell: false
		730	URxvt.meta: ignore
		731	URxvt.utmpInhibit: true
		732
		733	Uh, well, should be mostly self-explanatory. By specifying some defaults
		734	manually, I can quickly switch them for testing.
		735
		736	URxvt.saveLines: 8192
		737
		738	A large scrollback buffer is essential. Really.
		739
		740	URxvt.mapAlert: true
		741
		742	The only case I use it is for my IRC window, which I like to keep
		743	iconified till people msg me (which beeps).
		744
		745	URxvt.visualBell: true
		746
		747	The audible bell is often annoying, especially when in a crowd.
		748
		749	URxvt.insecure: true
		750
		751	Please don't hack my mutt! Ooops...
		752
		753	URxvt.pastableTabs: false
		754
		755	I once thought this is a great idea.
		756
		757	urxvt.font: 9x15bold,\
		758	-misc-fixed-bold-r-normal--15-140-75-75-c-90-iso10646-1,\
		759	-misc-fixed-medium-r-normal--15-140-75-75-c-90-iso10646-1, \
		760	[codeset=JISX0208]xft:Kochi Gothic, \
		761	xft:Bitstream Vera Sans Mono:autohint=true, \
		762	xft:Code2000:antialias=false
		763	urxvt.boldFont: -xos4-terminus-bold-r-normal--14-140-72-72-c-80-iso8859-15
		764	urxvt.italicFont: xft:Bitstream Vera Sans Mono:italic:autohint=true
		765	urxvt.boldItalicFont: xft:Bitstream Vera Sans Mono:bold:italic:autohint=true
		766
		767	I wrote rxvt-unicode to be able to specify fonts exactly. So don't be
		768	overwhelmed. A special note: the C<9x15bold> mentioned above is actually
		769	the version from XFree-3.3, as XFree-4 replaced it by a totally different
		770	font (different glyphs for C<;> and many other harmless characters),
		771	while the second font is actually the C<9x15bold> from XFree4/XOrg. The
		772	bold version has less chars than the medium version, so I use it for rare
		773	characters, too. When editing sources with vim, I use italic for comments
		774	and other stuff, which looks quite good with Bitstream Vera anti-aliased.
		775
		776	Terminus is a quite bad font (many very wrong glyphs), but for most of my
		777	purposes, it works, and gives a different look, as my normal (Non-bold)
		778	font is already bold, and I want to see a difference between bold and
		779	normal fonts.
		780
		781	Please note that I used the C<urxvt> instance name and not the C<URxvt>
		782	class name. Thats because I use different configs for different purposes,
		783	for example, my IRC window is started with C<-name IRC>, and uses these
		784	defaults:
		785
		786	IRC*title: IRC
		787	IRC*geometry: 87x12+535+542
		788	IRC*saveLines: 0
		789	IRC*mapAlert: true
		790	IRC*font: suxuseuro
		791	IRC*boldFont: suxuseuro
		792	IRC*colorBD: white
		793	IRC*keysym.M-C-1: command:\033]710;suxuseuro\007\033]711;suxuseuro\007
		794	IRC*keysym.M-C-2: command:\033]710;9x15bold\007\033]711;9x15bold\007
		795
		796	C<Alt-Shift-1> and C<Alt-Shift-2> switch between two different font
		797	sizes. C<suxuseuro> allows me to keep an eye (and actually read)
		798	stuff while keeping a very small window. If somebody pastes something
		799	complicated (e.g. japanese), I temporarily switch to a larger font.
		800
		801	The above is all in my C<.Xdefaults> (I don't use C<.Xresources> nor
		802	C<xrdb>). I also have some resources in a separate C<.Xdefaults-hostname>
		803	file for different hosts, for example, on ym main desktop, I use:
		804
		805	URxvt.keysym.C-M-q: command:\033[3;5;5t
		806	URxvt.keysym.C-M-y: command:\033[3;5;606t
		807	URxvt.keysym.C-M-e: command:\033[3;1605;5t
		808	URxvt.keysym.C-M-c: command:\033[3;1605;606t
		809	URxvt.keysym.C-M-p: perl:test
		810
		811	The first for keysym definitions allow me to quickly bring some windows
		812	in the layout I like most. Ion users might start laughing but will stop
		813	immediately when I tell them that I use my own Fvwm2 module for much the
		814	same effect as Ion provides, and I only very rarely use the above key
		815	combinations :->
		816
		817	=head3 Why doesn't rxvt-unicode read my resources?
		818
		819	Well, why, indeed? It does, in a way very similar to other X
		820	applications. Most importantly, this means that if you or your OS loads
		821	resources into the X display (the right way to do it), rxvt-unicode will
		822	ignore any resource files in your home directory. It will only read
		823	F<$HOME/.Xdefaults> when no resources are attached to the display.
		824
		825	If you have or use an F<$HOME/.Xresources> file, chances are that
		826	resources are loaded into your X-server. In this case, you have to
		827	re-login after every change (or run F<xrdb -merge $HOME/.Xresources>).
		828
		829	Also consider the form resources have to use:
		830
		831	URxvt.resource: value
		832
		833	If you want to use another form (there are lots of different ways of
		834	specifying resources), make sure you understand whether and why it
		835	works. If unsure, use the form above.
		836
		837	=head3 When I log-in to another system it tells me about missing terminfo data?
		838
		839	The terminal description used by rxvt-unicode is not as widely available
		840	as that for xterm, or even rxvt (for which the same problem often arises).
		841
		842	The correct solution for this problem is to install the terminfo, this can
		843	be done like this (with ncurses' infocmp and works as user and admin):
		844
		845	REMOTE=remotesystem.domain
		846	infocmp rxvt-unicode | ssh $REMOTE "mkdir -p .terminfo && cat >/tmp/ti && tic /tmp/ti"
		847
		848	... or by installing rxvt-unicode normally on the remote system,
		849
		850	One some systems you might need to set C<$TERMINFO> to the full path of
		851	F<$HOME/.terminfo> for this to work.
		852
		853	If you cannot or do not want to do this, then you can simply set
		854	C<TERM=rxvt> or even C<TERM=xterm>, and live with the small number of
		855	problems arising, which includes wrong keymapping, less and different
		856	colours and some refresh errors in fullscreen applications. It's a nice
		857	quick-and-dirty workaround for rare cases, though.
		858
		859	If you always want to do this (and are fine with the consequences) you
		860	can either recompile rxvt-unicode with the desired TERM value or use a
		861	resource to set it:
		862
		863	URxvt.termName: rxvt
		864
		865	If you don't plan to use B<rxvt> (quite common...) you could also replace
		866	the rxvt terminfo file with the rxvt-unicode one and use C<TERM=rxvt>.
		867
		868	=head3 C<tic> outputs some error when compiling the terminfo entry.
		869
		870	Most likely it's the empty definition for C<enacs=>. Just replace it by
		871	C<enacs=\E[0@> and try again.
		872
		873	=head3 C<bash>'s readline does not work correctly under @@URXVT_NAME@@.
		874
		875	See next entry.
		876
		877	=head3 I need a termcap file entry.
		878
		879	One reason you might want this is that some distributions or operating
		880	systems still compile some programs using the long-obsoleted termcap
		881	library (Fedora Core's bash is one example) and rely on a termcap entry
		882	for C<rxvt-unicode>.
		883
		884	You could use rxvt's termcap entry with reasonable results in many cases.
		885	You can also create a termcap entry by using terminfo's infocmp program
		886	like this:
		887
		888	infocmp -C rxvt-unicode
		889
		890	Or you could use this termcap entry, generated by the command above:
		891
		892	rxvt-unicode|rxvt-unicode terminal (X Window System):\
		893	:am:bw:eo:km:mi:ms:xn:xo:\
		894	:co#80:it#8:li#24:lm#0:\
		895	:AL=\E[%dL:DC=\E[%dP:DL=\E[%dM:DO=\E[%dB:IC=\E[%d@:\
		896	:K1=\EOw:K2=\EOu:K3=\EOy:K4=\EOq:K5=\EOs:LE=\E[%dD:\
		897	:RI=\E[%dC:SF=\E[%dS:SR=\E[%dT:UP=\E[%dA:ae=\E(B:al=\E[L:\
		898	:as=\E(0:bl=^G:cd=\E[J:ce=\E[K:cl=\E[H\E[2J:\
		899	:cm=\E[%i%d;%dH:cr=^M:cs=\E[%i%d;%dr:ct=\E[3g:dc=\E[P:\
		900	:dl=\E[M:do=^J:ec=\E[%dX:ei=\E[4l:ho=\E[H:\
		901	:i1=\E[?47l\E=\E[?1l:ic=\E[@:im=\E[4h:\
		902	:is=\E[r\E[m\E[2J\E[H\E[?7h\E[?1;3;4;6l\E[4l:\
		903	:k1=\E[11~:k2=\E[12~:k3=\E[13~:k4=\E[14~:k5=\E[15~:\
		904	:k6=\E[17~:k7=\E[18~:k8=\E[19~:k9=\E[20~:kD=\E[3~:\
		905	:kI=\E[2~:kN=\E[6~:kP=\E[5~:kb=\177:kd=\EOB:ke=\E[?1l\E>:\
		906	:kh=\E[7~:kl=\EOD:kr=\EOC:ks=\E[?1h\E=:ku=\EOA:le=^H:\
		907	:mb=\E[5m:md=\E[1m:me=\E[m\017:mr=\E[7m:nd=\E[C:rc=\E8:\
		908	:sc=\E7:se=\E[27m:sf=^J:so=\E[7m:sr=\EM:st=\EH:ta=^I:\
		909	:te=\E[r\E[?1049l:ti=\E[?1049h:ue=\E[24m:up=\E[A:\
		910	:us=\E[4m:vb=\E[?5h\E[?5l:ve=\E[?25h:vi=\E[?25l:\
		911	:vs=\E[?25h:
		912
		913	=head3 Why does C<ls> no longer have coloured output?
		914
		915	The C<ls> in the GNU coreutils unfortunately doesn't use terminfo to
		916	decide whether a terminal has colour, but uses its own configuration
		917	file. Needless to say, C<rxvt-unicode> is not in its default file (among
		918	with most other terminals supporting colour). Either add:
		919
		920	TERM rxvt-unicode
		921
		922	to C</etc/DIR_COLORS> or simply add:
		923
		924	alias ls='ls --color=auto'
		925
		926	to your C<.profile> or C<.bashrc>.
		927
		928	=head3 Why doesn't vim/emacs etc. use the 88 colour mode?
		929
		930	See next entry.
		931
		932	=head3 Why doesn't vim/emacs etc. make use of italic?
		933
		934	See next entry.
		935
		936	=head3 Why are the secondary screen-related options not working properly?
		937
		938	Make sure you are using C<TERM=rxvt-unicode>. Some pre-packaged
		939	distributions (most notably Debian GNU/Linux) break rxvt-unicode
		940	by setting C<TERM> to C<rxvt>, which doesn't have these extra
		941	features. Unfortunately, some of these (most notably, again, Debian
		942	GNU/Linux) furthermore fail to even install the C<rxvt-unicode> terminfo
		943	file, so you will need to install it on your own (See the question B<When
		944	I log-in to another system it tells me about missing terminfo data?> on
		945	how to do this).
		946
		947
		948	=head2 Encoding / Locale / Input Method Issues
		949
		950	=head3 Rxvt-unicode does not seem to understand the selected encoding?
		951
		952	See next entry.
		953
		954	=head3 Unicode does not seem to work?
		955
		956	If you encounter strange problems like typing an accented character but
		957	getting two unrelated other characters or similar, or if program output is
		958	subtly garbled, then you should check your locale settings.
		959
		960	Rxvt-unicode must be started with the same C<LC_CTYPE> setting as the
		961	programs. Often rxvt-unicode is started in the C<C> locale, while the
		962	login script running within the rxvt-unicode window changes the locale to
		963	something else, e.g. C<en_GB.UTF-8>. Needless to say, this is not going to work.
		964
		965	The best thing is to fix your startup environment, as you will likely run
		966	into other problems. If nothing works you can try this in your .profile.
		967
		968	printf '\33]701;%s\007' "$LC_CTYPE"
		969
		970	If this doesn't work, then maybe you use a C<LC_CTYPE> specification not
		971	supported on your systems. Some systems have a C<locale> command which
		972	displays this (also, C<perl -e0> can be used to check locale settings, as
		973	it will complain loudly if it cannot set the locale). If it displays something
		974	like:
		975
		976	locale: Cannot set LC_CTYPE to default locale: ...
		977
		978	Then the locale you specified is not supported on your system.
		979
		980	If nothing works and you are sure that everything is set correctly then
		981	you will need to remember a little known fact: Some programs just don't
		982	support locales :(
		983
		984	=head3 How does rxvt-unicode determine the encoding to use?
		985
		986	See next entry.
		987
		988	=head3 Is there an option to switch encodings?
		989
		990	Unlike some other terminals, rxvt-unicode has no encoding switch, and no
		991	specific "utf-8" mode, such as xterm. In fact, it doesn't even know about
		992	UTF-8 or any other encodings with respect to terminal I/O.
		993
		994	The reasons is that there exists a perfectly fine mechanism for selecting
		995	the encoding, doing I/O and (most important) communicating this to all
		996	applications so everybody agrees on character properties such as width
		997	and code number. This mechanism is the I<locale>. Applications not using
		998	that info will have problems (for example, C<xterm> gets the width of
		999	characters wrong as it uses its own, locale-independent table under all
		1000	locales).
		1001
		1002	Rxvt-unicode uses the C<LC_CTYPE> locale category to select encoding. All
		1003	programs doing the same (that is, most) will automatically agree in the
		1004	interpretation of characters.
		1005
		1006	Unfortunately, there is no system-independent way to select locales, nor
		1007	is there a standard on how locale specifiers will look like.
		1008
		1009	On most systems, the content of the C<LC_CTYPE> environment variable
		1010	contains an arbitrary string which corresponds to an already-installed
		1011	locale. Common names for locales are C<en_US.UTF-8>, C<de_DE.ISO-8859-15>,
		1012	C<ja_JP.EUC-JP>, i.e. C<language_country.encoding>, but other forms
		1013	(i.e. C<de> or C<german>) are also common.
		1014
		1015	Rxvt-unicode ignores all other locale categories, and except for
		1016	the encoding, ignores country or language-specific settings,
		1017	i.e. C<de_DE.UTF-8> and C<ja_JP.UTF-8> are the normally same to
		1018	rxvt-unicode.
		1019
		1020	If you want to use a specific encoding you have to make sure you start
		1021	rxvt-unicode with the correct C<LC_CTYPE> category.
		1022
		1023	=head3 Can I switch locales at runtime?
		1024
		1025	Yes, using an escape sequence. Try something like this, which sets
		1026	rxvt-unicode's idea of C<LC_CTYPE>.
		1027
		1028	printf '\33]701;%s\007' ja_JP.SJIS
		1029
		1030	See also the previous answer.
		1031
		1032	Sometimes this capability is rather handy when you want to work in
		1033	one locale (e.g. C<de_DE.UTF-8>) but some programs don't support it
		1034	(e.g. UTF-8). For example, I use this script to start C<xjdic>, which
		1035	first switches to a locale supported by xjdic and back later:
		1036
		1037	printf '\33]701;%s\007' ja_JP.SJIS
		1038	xjdic -js
		1039	printf '\33]701;%s\007' de_DE.UTF-8
		1040
		1041	You can also use xterm's C<luit> program, which usually works fine, except
		1042	for some locales where character width differs between program- and
		1043	rxvt-unicode-locales.
		1044
		1045	=head3 I have problems getting my input method working.
		1046
		1047	Try a search engine, as this is slightly different for every input method server.
		1048
		1049	Here is a checklist:
		1050
		1051	=over 4
		1052
		1053	=item - Make sure your locale I<and> the imLocale are supported on your OS.
		1054
		1055	Try C<locale -a> or check the documentation for your OS.
		1056
		1057	=item - Make sure your locale or imLocale matches a locale supported by your XIM.
		1058
		1059	For example, B<kinput2> does not support UTF-8 locales, you should use
		1060	C<ja_JP.EUC-JP> or equivalent.
		1061
		1062	=item - Make sure your XIM server is actually running.
		1063
		1064	=item - Make sure the C<XMODIFIERS> environment variable is set correctly when I<starting> rxvt-unicode.
		1065
		1066	When you want to use e.g. B<kinput2>, it must be set to
		1067	C<@im=kinput2>. For B<scim>, use C<@im=SCIM>. You can see what input
		1068	method servers are running with this command:
		1069
		1070	xprop -root XIM_SERVERS
		1071
		1072	=item
		1073
		1074	=back
		1075
		1076	=head3 My input method wants <some encoding> but I want UTF-8, what can I do?
		1077
		1078	You can specify separate locales for the input method and the rest of the
		1079	terminal, using the resource C<imlocale>:
		1080
		1081	URxvt.imlocale: ja_JP.EUC-JP
		1082
		1083	Now you can start your terminal with C<LC_CTYPE=ja_JP.UTF-8> and still
		1084	use your input method. Please note, however, that, depending on your Xlib
		1085	version, you may not be able to input characters outside C<EUC-JP> in a
		1086	normal way then, as your input method limits you.
		1087
		1088	=head3 Rxvt-unicode crashes when the X Input Method changes or exits.
		1089
		1090	Unfortunately, this is unavoidable, as the XIM protocol is racy by
		1091	design. Applications can avoid some crashes at the expense of memory
		1092	leaks, and Input Methods can avoid some crashes by careful ordering at
		1093	exit time. B<kinput2> (and derived input methods) generally succeeds,
		1094	while B<SCIM> (or similar input methods) fails. In the end, however,
		1095	crashes cannot be completely avoided even if both sides cooperate.
		1096
		1097	So the only workaround is not to kill your Input Method Servers.
		1098
		1099
		1100	=head2 Operating Systems / Package Maintaining
		1101
		1102	=head3 I am using Debian GNU/Linux and have a problem...
		1103
		1104	The Debian GNU/Linux package of rxvt-unicode in sarge contains large
		1105	patches that considerably change the behaviour of rxvt-unicode (but
		1106	unfortunately this notice has been removed). Before reporting a bug to
		1107	the original rxvt-unicode author please download and install the genuine
		1108	version (L<http://software.schmorp.de#rxvt-unicode>) and try to reproduce
		1109	the problem. If you cannot, chances are that the problems are specific to
		1110	Debian GNU/Linux, in which case it should be reported via the Debian Bug
		1111	Tracking System (use C<reportbug> to report the bug).
		1112
		1113	For other problems that also affect the Debian package, you can and
		1114	probably should use the Debian BTS, too, because, after all, it's also a
		1115	bug in the Debian version and it serves as a reminder for other users that
		1116	might encounter the same issue.
		1117
		1118	=head3 I am maintaining rxvt-unicode for distribution/OS XXX, any recommendation?
		1119
		1120	You should build one binary with the default options. F<configure>
		1121	now enables most useful options, and the trend goes to making them
		1122	runtime-switchable, too, so there is usually no drawback to enabling them,
		1123	except higher disk and possibly memory usage. The perl interpreter should
		1124	be enabled, as important functionality (menus, selection, likely more in
		1125	the future) depends on it.
		1126
		1127	You should not overwrite the C<perl-ext-common> snd C<perl-ext> resources
		1128	system-wide (except maybe with C<defaults>). This will result in useful
		1129	behaviour. If your distribution aims at low memory, add an empty
		1130	C<perl-ext-common> resource to the app-defaults file. This will keep the
		1131	perl interpreter disabled until the user enables it.
		1132
		1133	If you can/want build more binaries, I recommend building a minimal
		1134	one with C<--disable-everything> (very useful) and a maximal one with
		1135	C<--enable-everything> (less useful, it will be very big due to a lot of
		1136	encodings built-in that increase download times and are rarely used).
		1137
		1138	=head3 I need to make it setuid/setgid to support utmp/ptys on my OS, is this safe?
		1139
		1140	It should be, starting with release 7.1. You are encouraged to properly
		1141	install urxvt with privileges necessary for your OS now.
		1142
		1143	When rxvt-unicode detects that it runs setuid or setgid, it will fork
		1144	into a helper process for privileged operations (pty handling on some
		1145	systems, utmp/wtmp/lastlog handling on others) and drop privileges
		1146	immediately. This is much safer than most other terminals that keep
		1147	privileges while running (but is more relevant to urxvt, as it contains
		1148	things as perl interpreters, which might be "helpful" to attackers).
		1149
		1150	This forking is done as the very first within main(), which is very early
		1151	and reduces possible bugs to initialisation code run before main(), or
		1152	things like the dynamic loader of your system, which should result in very
		1153	little risk.
		1154
		1155	=head3 On Solaris 9, many line-drawing characters are too wide.
		1156
		1157	Seems to be a known bug, read
		1158	L<http://nixdoc.net/files/forum/about34198.html>. Some people use the
		1159	following ugly workaround to get non-double-wide-characters working:
		1160
		1161	#define wcwidth(x) wcwidth(x) > 1 ? 1 : wcwidth(x)
		1162
		1163	=head3 I am on FreeBSD and rxvt-unicode does not seem to work at all.
		1164
		1165	Rxvt-unicode requires the symbol C<__STDC_ISO_10646__> to be defined
		1166	in your compile environment, or an implementation that implements it,
		1167	whether it defines the symbol or not. C<__STDC_ISO_10646__> requires that
		1168	B<wchar_t> is represented as unicode.
		1169
		1170	As you might have guessed, FreeBSD does neither define this symbol nor
		1171	does it support it. Instead, it uses its own internal representation of
		1172	B<wchar_t>. This is, of course, completely fine with respect to standards.
		1173
		1174	However, that means rxvt-unicode only works in C<POSIX>, C<ISO-8859-1> and
		1175	C<UTF-8> locales under FreeBSD (which all use Unicode as B<wchar_t>.
		1176
		1177	C<__STDC_ISO_10646__> is the only sane way to support multi-language
		1178	apps in an OS, as using a locale-dependent (and non-standardized)
		1179	representation of B<wchar_t> makes it impossible to convert between
		1180	B<wchar_t> (as used by X11 and your applications) and any other encoding
		1181	without implementing OS-specific-wrappers for each and every locale. There
		1182	simply are no APIs to convert B<wchar_t> into anything except the current
		1183	locale encoding.
		1184
		1185	Some applications (such as the formidable B<mlterm>) work around this
		1186	by carrying their own replacement functions for character set handling
		1187	with them, and either implementing OS-dependent hacks or doing multiple
		1188	conversions (which is slow and unreliable in case the OS implements
		1189	encodings slightly different than the terminal emulator).
		1190
		1191	The rxvt-unicode author insists that the right way to fix this is in the
		1192	system libraries once and for all, instead of forcing every app to carry
		1193	complete replacements for them :)
		1194
		1195	=head3 I use Solaris 9 and it doesn't compile/work/etc.
		1196
		1197	Try the diff in F<doc/solaris9.patch> as a base. It fixes the worst
		1198	problems with C<wcwidth> and a compile problem.
		1199
		1200	=head3 How can I use rxvt-unicode under cygwin?
		1201
		1202	rxvt-unicode should compile and run out of the box on cygwin, using
		1203	the X11 libraries that come with cygwin. libW11 emulation is no
		1204	longer supported (and makes no sense, either, as it only supported a
		1205	single font). I recommend starting the X-server in C<-multiwindow> or
		1206	C<-rootless> mode instead, which will result in similar look&feel as the
		1207	old libW11 emulation.
		1208
		1209	At the time of this writing, cygwin didn't seem to support any multi-byte
		1210	encodings (you might try C<LC_CTYPE=C-UTF-8>), so you are likely limited
		1211	to 8-bit encodings.
		1212
		1213	=head1 RXVT-UNICODE TECHNICAL REFERENCE
		1214
		1215	The rest of this document describes various technical aspects of
		1216	B<rxvt-unicode>. First the description of supported command sequences,
		1217	followed by pixmap support and last by a description of all features
		1218	selectable at C<configure> time.
		1219
7	=head1 Definitions	1220	=head2 Definitions
8		1221
9	=over 4	1222	=over 4
10		1223
11	=item B<< C<c> >>	1224	=item B<< C<c> >>
12		1225
…		…
30		1243
31	A text parameter composed of printable characters.	1244	A text parameter composed of printable characters.
32		1245
33	=back	1246	=back
34		1247
35	=head1 Values	1248	=head2 Values
36		1249
37	=over 4	1250	=over 4
38		1251
39	=item B<< C<ENQ> >>	1252	=item B<< C<ENQ> >>
40		1253
41	Enquiry (Ctrl-E) = Send Device Attributes (DA)	1254	Enquiry (Ctrl-E) = Send Device Attributes (DA)
42	request attributes from terminal ==	1255	request attributes from terminal. See B<< C<ESC [ Ps c> >>.
43		1256
44	=item B<< C<BEL> >>	1257	=item B<< C<BEL> >>
45		1258
46	Bell (Ctrl-G)	1259	Bell (Ctrl-G)
47		1260
…		…
83		1296
84	Space Character	1297	Space Character
85		1298
86	=back	1299	=back
87		1300
88	=head1 Escape Sequences	1301	=head2 Escape Sequences
89		1302
90	=over 4	1303	=over 4
91		1304
92	=item B<< C<ESC # 8> >>	1305	=item B<< C<ESC # 8> >>
93		1306
…		…
139	Single Shift Select of G3 Character Set (SS3): affects next character	1352	Single Shift Select of G3 Character Set (SS3): affects next character
140	only I<unimplemented>	1353	only I<unimplemented>
141		1354
142	=item B<< C<ESC Z> >>	1355	=item B<< C<ESC Z> >>
143		1356
144	Obsolete form of returns: B<< C<ESC[?1;2C> >> I<rxvt compile-time option>	1357	Obsolete form of returns: B<< C<ESC [ ? 1 ; 2 C> >> I<rxvt-unicode compile-time option>
145		1358
146	=item B<< C<ESC c> >>	1359	=item B<< C<ESC c> >>
147		1360
148	Full reset (RIS)	1361	Full reset (RIS)
149		1362
…		…
153		1366
154	=item B<< C<ESC o> >>	1367	=item B<< C<ESC o> >>
155		1368
156	Invoke the G3 Character Set (LS3)	1369	Invoke the G3 Character Set (LS3)
157		1370
158	=item B<< C<ESC>(C<C> >>	1371	=item B<< C<ESC ( C> >>
159		1372
160	Designate G0 Character Set (ISO 2022), see below for values of C<C>.	1373	Designate G0 Character Set (ISO 2022), see below for values of C<C>.
161		1374
162	=item B<< C<ESC>)C<C> >>	1375	=item B<< C<ESC ) C> >>
163		1376
164	Designate G1 Character Set (ISO 2022), see below for values of C<C>.	1377	Designate G1 Character Set (ISO 2022), see below for values of C<C>.
165		1378
166	=item B<< C<ESC * C> >>	1379	=item B<< C<ESC * C> >>
167		1380
…		…
191		1404
192	=back	1405	=back
193		1406
194	X<CSI>	1407	X<CSI>
195		1408
196	=head1 CSI (Code Sequence Introducer) Sequences	1409	=head2 CSI (Command Sequence Introducer) Sequences
197		1410
198	=over 4	1411	=over 4
199		1412
200	=item B<< C<ESC [ Ps @> >>	1413	=item B<< C<ESC [ Ps @> >>
201		1414
…		…
298		1511
299	Move backward B<< C<Ps> >> [default: 1] tab stops	1512	Move backward B<< C<Ps> >> [default: 1] tab stops
300		1513
301	=item B<< C<ESC [ Ps '> >>	1514	=item B<< C<ESC [ Ps '> >>
302		1515
303	==	1516	See B<< C<ESC [ Ps G> >>
304		1517
305	=item B<< C<ESC [ Ps a> >>	1518	=item B<< C<ESC [ Ps a> >>
306		1519
307	==X<ESCOBPsc>	1520	See B<< C<ESC [ Ps C> >>
308		1521
309	=item B<< C<ESC [ Ps c> >>	1522	=item B<< C<ESC [ Ps c> >>
310		1523
311	Send Device Attributes (DA)	1524	Send Device Attributes (DA)
312	B<< C<Ps = 0> >> (or omitted): request attributes from terminal	1525	B<< C<Ps = 0> >> (or omitted): request attributes from terminal
313	returns: B<< C<ESC[?1;2c> >> (``I am a VT100 with Advanced Video	1526	returns: B<< C<ESC [ ? 1 ; 2 c> >> (``I am a VT100 with Advanced Video
314	Option'')	1527	Option'')
315		1528
316	=item B<< C<ESC [ Ps d> >>	1529	=item B<< C<ESC [ Ps d> >>
317		1530
318	Cursor to Line B<< C<Ps> >> (VPA)	1531	Cursor to Line B<< C<Ps> >> (VPA)
319		1532
320	=item B<< C<ESC [ Ps e> >>	1533	=item B<< C<ESC [ Ps e> >>
321		1534
322	==	1535	See B<< C<ESC [ Ps A> >>
323		1536
324	=item B<< C<ESC [ Ps;Ps f> >>	1537	=item B<< C<ESC [ Ps;Ps f> >>
325		1538
326	Horizontal and Vertical Position [row;column] (HVP) [default: 1;1]	1539	Horizontal and Vertical Position [row;column] (HVP) [default: 1;1]
327		1540
…		…
334	B<< C<Ps = 0> >> Clear Current Column (default)	1547	B<< C<Ps = 0> >> Clear Current Column (default)
335	B<< C<Ps = 3> >> Clear All (TBC)	1548	B<< C<Ps = 3> >> Clear All (TBC)
336		1549
337	=end table	1550	=end table
338		1551
		1552	=item B<< C<ESC [ Pm h> >>
		1553
		1554	Set Mode (SM). See B<< C<ESC [ Pm l> >> sequence for description of C<Pm>.
		1555
339	=item B<< C<ESC [ Ps i> >>	1556	=item B<< C<ESC [ Ps i> >>
340		1557
341	Printing	1558	Printing. See also the C<print-pipe> resource.
342		1559
343	=begin table	1560	=begin table
344		1561
		1562	B<< C<Ps = 0> >> print screen (MC0)
345	B<< C<Ps = 4> >> disable transparent print mode (MC4)	1563	B<< C<Ps = 4> >> disable transparent print mode (MC4)
346	B<< C<Ps = 5> >> enable transparent print mode (MC5) I<unimplemented>	1564	B<< C<Ps = 5> >> enable transparent print mode (MC5)
347		1565
348	=end table	1566	=end table
349
350	=item B<< C<ESC [ Pm h> >>
351
352	Set Mode (SM). See next sequence for description of C<Pm>.
353		1567
354	=item B<< C<ESC [ Pm l> >>	1568	=item B<< C<ESC [ Pm l> >>
355		1569
356	Reset Mode (RM)	1570	Reset Mode (RM)
357		1571
…		…
364	B<< C<h> >> Insert Mode (SMIR)	1578	B<< C<h> >> Insert Mode (SMIR)
365	B<< C<l> >> Replace Mode (RMIR)	1579	B<< C<l> >> Replace Mode (RMIR)
366		1580
367	=end table	1581	=end table
368		1582
369	=item B<< C<Ps = 20> >> I<unimplemented>	1583	=item B<< C<Ps = 20> >> (partially implemented)
370		1584
371	=begin table	1585	=begin table
372		1586
373	B<< C<h> >> Automatic Newline (LNM)	1587	B<< C<h> >> Automatic Newline (LNM)
374	B<< C<h> >> Normal Linefeed (LNM)	1588	B<< C<l> >> Normal Linefeed (LNM)
375		1589
376	=end table	1590	=end table
377		1591
378	=back	1592	=back
379		1593
…		…
382	Character Attributes (SGR)	1596	Character Attributes (SGR)
383		1597
384	=begin table	1598	=begin table
385		1599
386	B<< C<Ps = 0> >> Normal (default)	1600	B<< C<Ps = 0> >> Normal (default)
387	B<< C<Ps = 1 / 22> >> On / Off Bold (bright fg)	1601	B<< C<Ps = 1 / 21> >> On / Off Bold (bright fg)
		1602	B<< C<Ps = 3 / 23> >> On / Off Italic
388	B<< C<Ps = 4 / 24> >> On / Off Underline	1603	B<< C<Ps = 4 / 24> >> On / Off Underline
389	B<< C<Ps = 5 / 25> >> On / Off Blink (bright bg)	1604	B<< C<Ps = 5 / 25> >> On / Off Slow Blink (bright bg)
		1605	B<< C<Ps = 6 / 26> >> On / Off Rapid Blink (bright bg)
390	B<< C<Ps = 7 / 27> >> On / Off Inverse	1606	B<< C<Ps = 7 / 27> >> On / Off Inverse
		1607	B<< C<Ps = 8 / 27> >> On / Off Invisible (NYI)
391	B<< C<Ps = 30 / 40> >> fg/bg Black	1608	B<< C<Ps = 30 / 40> >> fg/bg Black
392	B<< C<Ps = 31 / 41> >> fg/bg Red	1609	B<< C<Ps = 31 / 41> >> fg/bg Red
393	B<< C<Ps = 32 / 42> >> fg/bg Green	1610	B<< C<Ps = 32 / 42> >> fg/bg Green
394	B<< C<Ps = 33 / 43> >> fg/bg Yellow	1611	B<< C<Ps = 33 / 43> >> fg/bg Yellow
395	B<< C<Ps = 34 / 44> >> fg/bg Blue	1612	B<< C<Ps = 34 / 44> >> fg/bg Blue
396	B<< C<Ps = 35 / 45> >> fg/bg Magenta	1613	B<< C<Ps = 35 / 45> >> fg/bg Magenta
397	B<< C<Ps = 36 / 46> >> fg/bg Cyan	1614	B<< C<Ps = 36 / 46> >> fg/bg Cyan
		1615	B<< C<Ps = 38;5 / 48;5> >> set fg/bg to color #m (ISO 8613-6)
398	B<< C<Ps = 37 / 47> >> fg/bg White	1616	B<< C<Ps = 37 / 47> >> fg/bg White
399	B<< C<Ps = 39 / 49> >> fg/bg Default	1617	B<< C<Ps = 39 / 49> >> fg/bg Default
		1618	B<< C<Ps = 90 / 100> >> fg/bg Bright Black
		1619	B<< C<Ps = 91 / 101> >> fg/bg Bright Red
		1620	B<< C<Ps = 92 / 102> >> fg/bg Bright Green
		1621	B<< C<Ps = 93 / 103> >> fg/bg Bright Yellow
		1622	B<< C<Ps = 94 / 104> >> fg/bg Bright Blue
		1623	B<< C<Ps = 95 / 105> >> fg/bg Bright Magenta
		1624	B<< C<Ps = 96 / 106> >> fg/bg Bright Cyan
		1625	B<< C<Ps = 97 / 107> >> fg/bg Bright White
		1626	B<< C<Ps = 99 / 109> >> fg/bg Bright Default
400		1627
401	=end table	1628	=end table
402		1629
403	=item B<< C<ESC [ Ps n> >>	1630	=item B<< C<ESC [ Ps n> >>
404		1631
…		…
420		1647
421	=item B<< C<ESC [ s> >>	1648	=item B<< C<ESC [ s> >>
422		1649
423	Save Cursor (SC)	1650	Save Cursor (SC)
424		1651
		1652	=item B<< C<ESC [ Ps;Pt t> >>
		1653
		1654	Window Operations
		1655
		1656	=begin table
		1657
		1658	B<< C<Ps = 1> >> Deiconify (map) window
		1659	B<< C<Ps = 2> >> Iconify window
		1660	B<< C<Ps = 3> >> B<< C<ESC [ 3 ; X ; Y t> >> Move window to (X|Y)
		1661	B<< C<Ps = 4> >> B<< C<ESC [ 4 ; H ; W t> >> Resize to WxH pixels
		1662	B<< C<Ps = 5> >> Raise window
		1663	B<< C<Ps = 6> >> Lower window
		1664	B<< C<Ps = 7> >> Refresh screen once
		1665	B<< C<Ps = 8> >> B<< C<ESC [ 8 ; R ; C t> >> Resize to R rows and C columns
		1666	B<< C<Ps = 11> >> Report window state (responds with C<Ps = 1> or C<Ps = 2>)
		1667	B<< C<Ps = 13> >> Report window position (responds with C<Ps = 3>)
		1668	B<< C<Ps = 14> >> Report window pixel size (responds with C<Ps = 4>)
		1669	B<< C<Ps = 18> >> Report window text size (responds with C<Ps = 7>)
		1670	B<< C<Ps = 19> >> Currently the same as C<Ps = 18>, but responds with C<Ps = 9>
		1671	B<< C<Ps = 20> >> Reports icon label (B<< C<ESC ] L NAME \234> >>)
		1672	B<< C<Ps = 21> >> Reports window title (B<< C<ESC ] l NAME \234> >>)
		1673	B<< C<Ps = 24..> >> Set window height to C<Ps> rows
		1674
		1675	=end table
		1676
		1677	=item B<< C<ESC [ u> >>
		1678
		1679	Restore Cursor
		1680
425	=item B<< C<ESC [ Ps x> >>	1681	=item B<< C<ESC [ Ps x> >>
426		1682
427	Request Terminal Parameters (DECREQTPARM)	1683	Request Terminal Parameters (DECREQTPARM)
428		1684
429	=item B<< C<ESC [ u> >>
430
431	Restore Cursor
432
433	=back	1685	=back
434		1686
435	X<PrivateModes>	1687	X<PrivateModes>
436		1688
437	=head1 DEC Private Modes	1689	=head2 DEC Private Modes
438		1690
439	=over 4	1691	=over 4
440		1692
441	=item B<< C<ESC [ ? Pm h> >>	1693	=item B<< C<ESC [ ? Pm h> >>
442		1694
…		…
458		1710
459	Toggle DEC Private Mode Values (rxvt extension). I<where>	1711	Toggle DEC Private Mode Values (rxvt extension). I<where>
460		1712
461	=over 4	1713	=over 4
462		1714
463	=item B<< C<Ps = 1> >> (DECCKM)	1715	=item B<< C<Pm = 1> >> (DECCKM)
464		1716
465	=begin table	1717	=begin table
466		1718
467	B<< C<h> >> Application Cursor Keys	1719	B<< C<h> >> Application Cursor Keys
468	B<< C<l> >> Normal Cursor Keys	1720	B<< C<l> >> Normal Cursor Keys
469		1721
470	=end table	1722	=end table
471		1723
472	=item B<< C<Ps = 2> >> (ANSI/VT52 mode)	1724	=item B<< C<Pm = 2> >> (ANSI/VT52 mode)
473		1725
474	=begin table	1726	=begin table
475		1727
476	B<< C<h> >> Enter VT52 mode	1728	B<< C<h> >> Enter VT52 mode
477	B<< C<l> >> Enter VT52 mode	1729	B<< C<l> >> Enter VT52 mode
478		1730
479	=end table	1731	=end table
480		1732
481	=item B<< C<Ps = 3> >>	1733	=item B<< C<Pm = 3> >>
482		1734
483	=begin table	1735	=begin table
484		1736
485	B<< C<h> >> 132 Column Mode (DECCOLM)	1737	B<< C<h> >> 132 Column Mode (DECCOLM)
486	B<< C<l> >> 80 Column Mode (DECCOLM)	1738	B<< C<l> >> 80 Column Mode (DECCOLM)
487		1739
488	=end table	1740	=end table
489		1741
490	=item B<< C<Ps = 4> >>	1742	=item B<< C<Pm = 4> >>
491		1743
492	=begin table	1744	=begin table
493		1745
494	B<< C<h> >> Smooth (Slow) Scroll (DECSCLM)	1746	B<< C<h> >> Smooth (Slow) Scroll (DECSCLM)
495	B<< C<l> >> Jump (Fast) Scroll (DECSCLM)	1747	B<< C<l> >> Jump (Fast) Scroll (DECSCLM)
496		1748
497	=end table	1749	=end table
498		1750
499	=item B<< C<Ps = 5> >>	1751	=item B<< C<Pm = 5> >>
500		1752
501	=begin table	1753	=begin table
502		1754
503	B<< C<h> >> Reverse Video (DECSCNM)	1755	B<< C<h> >> Reverse Video (DECSCNM)
504	B<< C<l> >> Normal Video (DECSCNM)	1756	B<< C<l> >> Normal Video (DECSCNM)
505		1757
506	=end table	1758	=end table
507		1759
508	=item B<< C<Ps = 6> >>	1760	=item B<< C<Pm = 6> >>
509		1761
510	=begin table	1762	=begin table
511		1763
512	B<< C<h> >> Origin Mode (DECOM)	1764	B<< C<h> >> Origin Mode (DECOM)
513	B<< C<l> >> Normal Cursor Mode (DECOM)	1765	B<< C<l> >> Normal Cursor Mode (DECOM)
514		1766
515	=end table	1767	=end table
516		1768
517	=item B<< C<Ps = 7> >>	1769	=item B<< C<Pm = 7> >>
518		1770
519	=begin table	1771	=begin table
520		1772
521	B<< C<h> >> Wraparound Mode (DECAWM)	1773	B<< C<h> >> Wraparound Mode (DECAWM)
522	B<< C<l> >> No Wraparound Mode (DECAWM)	1774	B<< C<l> >> No Wraparound Mode (DECAWM)
523		1775
524	=end table	1776	=end table
525		1777
526	=item B<< C<Ps = 8> >> I<unimplemented>	1778	=item B<< C<Pm = 8> >> I<unimplemented>
527		1779
528	=begin table	1780	=begin table
529		1781
530	B<< C<h> >> Auto-repeat Keys (DECARM)	1782	B<< C<h> >> Auto-repeat Keys (DECARM)
531	B<< C<l> >> No Auto-repeat Keys (DECARM)	1783	B<< C<l> >> No Auto-repeat Keys (DECARM)
532		1784
533	=end table	1785	=end table
534		1786
535	=item B<< C<Ps = 9> >> X10 XTerm	1787	=item B<< C<Pm = 9> >> X10 XTerm
536		1788
537	=begin table	1789	=begin table
538		1790
539	B<< C<h> >> Send Mouse X & Y on button press.	1791	B<< C<h> >> Send Mouse X & Y on button press.
540	B<< C<l> >> No mouse reporting.	1792	B<< C<l> >> No mouse reporting.
541		1793
542	=end table	1794	=end table
543		1795
544	)X<Priv10>
545
546	=item B<< C<Ps = 10> >> (B<rxvt>)
547
548	=begin table
549
550	B<< C<h> >> visible
551	B<< C<l> >> invisible
552
553	=end table
554
555	=item B<< C<Ps = 25> >>	1796	=item B<< C<Pm = 25> >>
556		1797
557	=begin table	1798	=begin table
558		1799
559	B<< C<h> >> Visible cursor {cnorm/cvvis}	1800	B<< C<h> >> Visible cursor {cnorm/cvvis}
560	B<< C<l> >> Invisible cursor {civis}	1801	B<< C<l> >> Invisible cursor {civis}
561		1802
562	=end table	1803	=end table
563		1804
564	=item B<< C<Ps = 30> >>	1805	=item B<< C<Pm = 30> >>
565		1806
566	=begin table	1807	=begin table
567		1808
568	B<< C<h> >> scrollBar visisble	1809	B<< C<h> >> scrollBar visisble
569	B<< C<l> >> scrollBar invisisble	1810	B<< C<l> >> scrollBar invisisble
570		1811
571	=end table	1812	=end table
572		1813
573	=item B<< C<Ps = 35> >> (B<rxvt>)	1814	=item B<< C<Pm = 35> >> (B<rxvt>)
574		1815
575	=begin table	1816	=begin table
576		1817
577	B<< C<h> >> Allow XTerm Shift+key sequences	1818	B<< C<h> >> Allow XTerm Shift+key sequences
578	B<< C<l> >> Disallow XTerm Shift+key sequences	1819	B<< C<l> >> Disallow XTerm Shift+key sequences
579		1820
580	=end table	1821	=end table
581		1822
582	=item B<< C<Ps = 38> >> I<unimplemented>	1823	=item B<< C<Pm = 38> >> I<unimplemented>
583		1824
584	Enter Tektronix Mode (DECTEK)	1825	Enter Tektronix Mode (DECTEK)
585		1826
586	=item B<< C<Ps = 40> >>	1827	=item B<< C<Pm = 40> >>
587		1828
588	=begin table	1829	=begin table
589		1830
590	B<< C<h> >> Allow 80/132 Mode	1831	B<< C<h> >> Allow 80/132 Mode
591	B<< C<l> >> Disallow 80/132 Mode	1832	B<< C<l> >> Disallow 80/132 Mode
592		1833
593	=end table	1834	=end table
594		1835
595	=item B<< C<Ps = 44> >> I<unimplemented>	1836	=item B<< C<Pm = 44> >> I<unimplemented>
596		1837
597	=begin table	1838	=begin table
598		1839
599	B<< C<h> >> Turn On Margin Bell	1840	B<< C<h> >> Turn On Margin Bell
600	B<< C<l> >> Turn Off Margin Bell	1841	B<< C<l> >> Turn Off Margin Bell
601		1842
602	=end table	1843	=end table
603		1844
604	=item B<< C<Ps = 45> >> I<unimplemented>	1845	=item B<< C<Pm = 45> >> I<unimplemented>
605		1846
606	=begin table	1847	=begin table
607		1848
608	B<< C<h> >> Reverse-wraparound Mode	1849	B<< C<h> >> Reverse-wraparound Mode
609	B<< C<l> >> No Reverse-wraparound Mode	1850	B<< C<l> >> No Reverse-wraparound Mode
610		1851
611	=end table	1852	=end table
612		1853
613	=item B<< C<Ps = 46> >> I<unimplemented>	1854	=item B<< C<Pm = 46> >> I<unimplemented>
614		1855
615	=item B<< C<Ps = 47> >>	1856	=item B<< C<Pm = 47> >>
616		1857
617	=begin table	1858	=begin table
618		1859
619	B<< C<h> >> Use Alternate Screen Buffer	1860	B<< C<h> >> Use Alternate Screen Buffer
620	B<< C<l> >> Use Normal Screen Buffer	1861	B<< C<l> >> Use Normal Screen Buffer
621		1862
622	=end table	1863	=end table
623		1864
624	X<Priv66>	1865	X<Priv66>
625		1866
626	=item B<< C<Ps = 66> >>	1867	=item B<< C<Pm = 66> >>
627		1868
628	=begin table	1869	=begin table
629		1870
630	B<< C<h> >> Application Keypad (DECPAM) ==	1871	B<< C<h> >> Application Keypad (DECPAM) == C<ESC =>
631	B<< C<l> >> Normal Keypad (DECPNM) ==	1872	B<< C<l> >> Normal Keypad (DECPNM) == C<< ESC > >>
632		1873
633	=end table	1874	=end table
634		1875
635	=item B<< C<Ps = 67> >>	1876	=item B<< C<Pm = 67> >>
636		1877
637	=begin table	1878	=begin table
638		1879
639	B<< C<h> >> Backspace key sends B<< C<BS> (DECBKM) >>	1880	B<< C<h> >> Backspace key sends B<< C<BS> (DECBKM) >>
640	B<< C<l> >> Backspace key sends B<< C<DEL> >>	1881	B<< C<l> >> Backspace key sends B<< C<DEL> >>
641		1882
642	=end table	1883	=end table
643		1884
644	=item B<< C<Ps = 1000> >> (X11 XTerm)	1885	=item B<< C<Pm = 1000> >> (X11 XTerm)
645		1886
646	=begin table	1887	=begin table
647		1888
648	B<< C<h> >> Send Mouse X & Y on button press and release.	1889	B<< C<h> >> Send Mouse X & Y on button press and release.
649	B<< C<l> >> No mouse reporting.	1890	B<< C<l> >> No mouse reporting.
650		1891
651	=end table	1892	=end table
652		1893
653	=item B<< C<Ps = 1001> >> (X11 XTerm) I<unimplemented>	1894	=item B<< C<Pm = 1001> >> (X11 XTerm) I<unimplemented>
654		1895
655	=begin table	1896	=begin table
656		1897
657	B<< C<h> >> Use Hilite Mouse Tracking.	1898	B<< C<h> >> Use Hilite Mouse Tracking.
658	B<< C<l> >> No mouse reporting.	1899	B<< C<l> >> No mouse reporting.
659		1900
660	=end table	1901	=end table
661		1902
662	=item B<< C<Ps = 1010> >>	1903	=item B<< C<Pm = 1010> >> (B<rxvt>)
663		1904
664	=begin table	1905	=begin table
665		1906
666	B<< C<h> >> Don't scroll to bottom on TTY output	1907	B<< C<h> >> Don't scroll to bottom on TTY output
667	B<< C<l> >> Scroll to bottom on TTY output	1908	B<< C<l> >> Scroll to bottom on TTY output
668		1909
669	=end table	1910	=end table
670		1911
671	=item B<< C<Ps = 1011> >>	1912	=item B<< C<Pm = 1011> >> (B<rxvt>)
672		1913
673	=begin table	1914	=begin table
674		1915
675	B<< C<h> >> Scroll to bottom when a key is pressed	1916	B<< C<h> >> Scroll to bottom when a key is pressed
676	B<< C<l> >> Don't scroll to bottom when a key is pressed	1917	B<< C<l> >> Don't scroll to bottom when a key is pressed
677		1918
678	=end table	1919	=end table
679		1920
		1921	=item B<< C<Pm = 1021> >> (B<rxvt>)
		1922
		1923	=begin table
		1924
		1925	B<< C<h> >> Bold/italic implies high intensity (see option B<-is>)
		1926	B<< C<l> >> Font styles have no effect on intensity (Compile styles)
		1927
		1928	=end table
		1929
680	=item B<< C<Ps = 1047> >>	1930	=item B<< C<Pm = 1047> >>
681		1931
682	=begin table	1932	=begin table
683		1933
684	B<< C<h> >> Use Alternate Screen Buffer	1934	B<< C<h> >> Use Alternate Screen Buffer
685	B<< C<l> >> Use Normal Screen Buffer - clear Alternate Screen Buffer if returning from it	1935	B<< C<l> >> Use Normal Screen Buffer - clear Alternate Screen Buffer if returning from it
686		1936
687	=end table	1937	=end table
688		1938
689	=item B<< C<Ps = 1048> >>	1939	=item B<< C<Pm = 1048> >>
690		1940
691	=begin table	1941	=begin table
692		1942
693	B<< C<h> >> Save cursor position	1943	B<< C<h> >> Save cursor position
694	B<< C<l> >> Restore cursor position	1944	B<< C<l> >> Restore cursor position
695		1945
696	=end table	1946	=end table
697		1947
		1948	=item B<< C<Pm = 1049> >>
		1949
		1950	=begin table
		1951
		1952	B<< C<h> >> Use Alternate Screen Buffer - clear Alternate Screen Buffer if switching to it
		1953	B<< C<l> >> Use Normal Screen Buffer
		1954
		1955	=end table
		1956
698	=back	1957	=back
699		1958
700	=back	1959	=back
701		1960
702	X<XTerm>	1961	X<XTerm>
703		1962
704	=head1 XTerm Operating System Commands	1963	=head2 XTerm Operating System Commands
705		1964
706	=over 4	1965	=over 4
707		1966
708	=item B<< C<ESC ] Ps;Pt ST> >>	1967	=item B<< C<ESC ] Ps;Pt ST> >>
709		1968
…		…
721	B<< C<Ps = 10> >> Change colour of text foreground to B<< C<Pt> >> B<(NB: may change in future)>	1980	B<< C<Ps = 10> >> Change colour of text foreground to B<< C<Pt> >> B<(NB: may change in future)>
722	B<< C<Ps = 11> >> Change colour of text background to B<< C<Pt> >> B<(NB: may change in future)>	1981	B<< C<Ps = 11> >> Change colour of text background to B<< C<Pt> >> B<(NB: may change in future)>
723	B<< C<Ps = 12> >> Change colour of text cursor foreground to B<< C<Pt> >>	1982	B<< C<Ps = 12> >> Change colour of text cursor foreground to B<< C<Pt> >>
724	B<< C<Ps = 13> >> Change colour of mouse foreground to B<< C<Pt> >>	1983	B<< C<Ps = 13> >> Change colour of mouse foreground to B<< C<Pt> >>
725	B<< C<Ps = 17> >> Change colour of highlight characters to B<< C<Pt> >>	1984	B<< C<Ps = 17> >> Change colour of highlight characters to B<< C<Pt> >>
726	B<< C<Ps = 18> >> Change colour of bold characters to B<< C<Pt> >>	1985	B<< C<Ps = 18> >> Change colour of bold characters to B<< C<Pt> >> [deprecated, see 706]
727	B<< C<Ps = 19> >> Change colour of underlined characters to B<< C<Pt> >>	1986	B<< C<Ps = 19> >> Change colour of underlined characters to B<< C<Pt> >> [deprecated, see 707]
		1987	B<< C<Ps = 20> >> Change background pixmap parameters (see section XPM) (Compile XPM).
728	B<< C<Ps = 20> >> Change default background to B<< C<Pt> >>	1988	B<< C<Ps = 39> >> Change default foreground colour to B<< C<Pt> >>.
729	B<< C<Ps = 39> >> Change default foreground colour to B<< C<Pt> >> I<rxvt compile-time option>
730	B<< C<Ps = 46> >> Change Log File to B<< C<Pt> >> I<unimplemented>	1989	B<< C<Ps = 46> >> Change Log File to B<< C<Pt> >> I<unimplemented>
731	B<< C<Ps = 49> >> Change default background colour to B<< C<Pt> >> I<rxvt compile-time option>	1990	B<< C<Ps = 49> >> Change default background colour to B<< C<Pt> >>.
732	B<< C<Ps = 50> >> Set fontset to B<< C<Pt> >>, with the following special values of B<< C<Pt> >> (B<rxvt>) B<< C<#+n> >> change up B<< C<n> >> B<< C<#-n> >> change down B<< C<n> >> if B<< C<n> >> is missing of 0, a value of 1 is used I<empty> change to font0 B<< C<n> >> change to font B<< C<n> >>	1991	B<< C<Ps = 50> >> Set fontset to B<< C<Pt> >>, with the following special values of B<< C<Pt> >> (B<rxvt>) B<< C<#+n> >> change up B<< C<n> >> B<< C<#-n> >> change down B<< C<n> >> if B<< C<n> >> is missing of 0, a value of 1 is used I<empty> change to font0 B<< C<n> >> change to font B<< C<n> >>
733	B<< C<Ps = 55> >> Log all scrollback buffer and all of screen to B<< C<Pt> >>	1992	B<< C<Ps = 55> >> Log all scrollback buffer and all of screen to B<< C<Pt> >>
734	B<< C<Ps = 701> >> Change current locale to B<< C<Pt> >>, or, if B<< C<Pt> >> is B<< C<?> >>, return the current locale (@@RXVTNAME@@ extension)	1993	B<< C<Ps = 701> >> Change current locale to B<< C<Pt> >>, or, if B<< C<Pt> >> is B<< C<?> >>, return the current locale (Compile frills).
735	B<< C<Ps = 702> >> find font for character, used for debugging (@@RXVTNAME@@ extension)	1994	B<< C<Ps = 702> >> Request version if B<< C<Pt> >> is B<< C<?> >>, returning C<rxvt-unicode>, the resource name, the major and minor version numbers, e.g. C<ESC ] 702 ; rxvt-unicode ; urxvt ; 7 ; 4 ST>.
736	B<< C<Ps = 703> >> command B<< C<Pt> >> I<rxvt compile-time option> (@@RXVTNAME@@ extension)	1995	B<< C<Ps = 704> >> Change colour of italic characters to B<< C<Pt> >>
		1996	B<< C<Ps = 705> >> Change background pixmap tint colour to B<< C<Pt> >> (Compile transparency).
		1997	B<< C<Ps = 706> >> Change colour of bold characters to B<< C<Pt> >>
		1998	B<< C<Ps = 707> >> Change colour of underlined characters to B<< C<Pt> >>
		1999	B<< C<Ps = 710> >> Set normal fontset to B<< C<Pt> >>. Same as C<Ps = 50>.
		2000	B<< C<Ps = 711> >> Set bold fontset to B<< C<Pt> >>. Similar to C<Ps = 50> (Compile styles).
		2001	B<< C<Ps = 712> >> Set italic fontset to B<< C<Pt> >>. Similar to C<Ps = 50> (Compile styles).
		2002	B<< C<Ps = 713> >> Set bold-italic fontset to B<< C<Pt> >>. Similar to C<Ps = 50> (Compile styles).
		2003	B<< C<Ps = 720> >> Move viewing window up by B<< C<Pt> >> lines, or clear scrollback buffer if C<Pt = 0> (Compile frills).
		2004	B<< C<Ps = 721> >> Move viewing window down by B<< C<Pt> >> lines, or clear scrollback buffer if C<Pt = 0> (Compile frills).
		2005	B<< C<Ps = 777> >> Call the perl extension with the given string, which should be of the form C<extension:parameters> (Compile perl).
737		2006
738	=end table	2007	=end table
739		2008
740	=back	2009	=back
741
742	X<menuBar>
743
744	=head1 menuBar
745
746	B<< The exact syntax used is I<almost> solidified. >>
747	In the menus, B<DON'T> try to use menuBar commands that add or remove a
748	menuBar.
749
750	Note that in all of the commands, the B<< I</path/> >> I<cannot> be
751	omitted: use B<./> to specify a menu relative to the current menu.
752
753	=head2 Overview of menuBar operation
754
755	For the menuBar XTerm escape sequence C<ESC ] 703 ; Pt ST>, the syntax
756	of C<Pt> can be used for a variety of tasks:
757
758	At the top level is the current menuBar which is a member of a circular
759	linked-list of other such menuBars.
760
761	The menuBar acts as a parent for the various drop-down menus, which in
762	turn, may have labels, separator lines, menuItems and subMenus.
763
764	The menuItems are the useful bits: you can use them to mimic keyboard
765	input or even to send text or escape sequences back to rxvt.
766
767	The menuBar syntax is intended to provide a simple yet robust method of
768	constructing and manipulating menus and navigating through the
769	menuBars.
770
771	The first step is to use the tag B<< [menu:I<name>] >> which creates
772	the menuBar called I<name> and allows access. You may now or menus,
773	subMenus, and menuItems. Finally, use the tag B<[done]> to set the
774	menuBar access as B<readonly> to prevent accidental corruption of the
775	menus. To re-access the current menuBar for alterations, use the tag
776	B<[menu]>, make the alterations and then use B<[done]>
777
778	X<menuBarCommands>
779
780	=head2 Commands
781
782	=over 4
783
784	=item B<< [menu:+I<name>] >>
785
786	access the named menuBar for creation or alteration. If a new menuBar
787	is created, it is called I<name> (max of 15 chars) and the current
788	menuBar is pushed onto the stack
789
790	=item B<[menu]>
791
792	access the current menuBar for alteration
793
794	=item B<< [title:+I<string>] >>
795
796	set the current menuBar's title to I<string>, which may contain the
797	following format specifiers:
798	B<%%> : literal B<%> character
799	B<%n> : rxvt name (as per the B<-name> command-line option)
800	B<%v> : rxvt version
801
802	=item B<[done]>
803
804	set menuBar access as B<readonly>.
805	End-of-file tag for B<< [read:+I<file>] >> operations.
806
807	=item B<< [read:+I<file>] >>
808
809	read menu commands directly from I<file> (extension ".menu" will be
810	appended if required.) Start reading at a line with B<[menu]> or B<<
811	[menu:+I<name> >> and continuing until B<[done]> is encountered.
812
813	Blank and comment lines (starting with B<#>) are ignored. Actually,
814	since any invalid menu commands are also ignored, almost anything could
815	be construed as a comment line, but this may be tightened up in the
816	future ... so don't count on it!.
817
818	=item B<< [read:+I<file>;+I<name>] >>
819
820	The same as B<< [read:+I<file>] >>, but start reading at a line with
821	B<< [menu:+I<name>] >> and continuing until B<< [done:+I<name>] >> or
822	B<[done]> is encountered.
823
824	=item B<[dump]>
825
826	dump all menuBars to the file B</tmp/rxvt-PID> in a format suitable for
827	later rereading.
828
829	=item B<[rm:name]>
830
831	remove the named menuBar
832
833	=item B<[rm] [rm:]>
834
835	remove the current menuBar
836
837	=item B<[rm*] [rm:*]>
838
839	remove all menuBars
840
841	=item B<[swap]>
842
843	swap the top two menuBars
844
845	=item B<[prev]>
846
847	access the previous menuBar
848
849	=item B<[next]>
850
851	access the next menuBar
852
853	=item B<[show]>
854
855	Enable display of the menuBar
856
857	=item B<[hide]>
858
859	Disable display of the menuBar
860
861	=item B<< [pixmap:+I<name>] >>
862
863	=item B<< [pixmap:+I<name>;I<scaling>] >>
864
865	(set the background pixmap globally
866
867	B<< A Future implementation I<may> make this local to the menubar >>)
868
869	=item B<< [:+I<command>:] >>
870
871	ignore the menu readonly status and issue a I<command> to or a menu or
872	menuitem or change the ; a useful shortcut for setting the quick arrows
873	from a menuBar.
874
875	=back
876
877	X<menuBarAdd>
878
879	=head2 Adding and accessing menus
880
881	The following commands may also be B<+> prefixed.
882
883	=over 4
884
885	=item B</+>
886
887	access menuBar top level
888
889	=item B<./+>
890
891	access current menu level
892
893	=item B<../+>
894
895	access parent menu (1 level up)
896
897	=item B<../../>
898
899	access parent menu (multiple levels up)
900
901	=item B<< I</path/>menu >>
902
903	add/access menu
904
905	=item B<< I</path/>menu/* >>
906
907	add/access menu and clear it if it exists
908
909	=item B<< I</path/>{-} >>
910
911	add separator
912
913	=item B<< I</path/>{item} >>
914
915	add B<item> as a label
916
917	=item B<< I</path/>{item} action >>
918
919	add/alter I<menuitem> with an associated I<action>
920
921	=item B<< I</path/>{item}{right-text} >>
922
923	add/alter I<menuitem> with B<right-text> as the right-justified text
924	and as the associated I<action>
925
926	=item B<< I</path/>{item}{rtext} action >>
927
928	add/alter I<menuitem> with an associated I<action> and with B<rtext> as
929	the right-justified text.
930
931	=back
932
933	=over 4
934
935	=item Special characters in I<action> must be backslash-escaped:
936
937	B<\a \b \E \e \n \r \t \octal>
938
939	=item or in control-character notation:
940
941	B<^@, ^A .. ^Z .. ^_, ^?>
942
943	=back
944
945	To send a string starting with a B<NUL> (B<^@>) character to the
946	program, start I<action> with a pair of B<NUL> characters (B<^@^@>),
947	the first of which will be stripped off and the balance directed to the
948	program. Otherwise if I<action> begins with B<NUL> followed by
949	non-+B<NUL> characters, the leading B<NUL> is stripped off and the
950	balance is sent back to rxvt.
951
952	As a convenience for the many Emacs-type editors, I<action> may start
953	with B<M-> (eg, B<M-$> is equivalent to B<\E$>) and a B<CR> will be
954	appended if missed from B<M-x> commands.
955
956	As a convenience for issuing XTerm B<ESC]> sequences from a menubar (or
957	quick arrow), a B<BEL> (B<^G>) will be appended if needed.
958
959	=over 4
960
961	=item For example,
962
963	B<M-xapropos> is equivalent to B<\Exapropos\r>
964
965	=item and
966
967	B<\E]703;mona;100> is equivalent to B<\E]703;mona;100\a>
968
969	=back
970
971	The option B<< {I<right-rtext>} >> will be right-justified. In the
972	absence of a specified action, this text will be used as the I<action>
973	as well.
974
975	=over 4
976
977	=item For example,
978
979	B</File/{Open}{^X^F}> is equivalent to B</File/{Open}{^X^F} ^X^F>
980
981	=back
982
983	The left label I<is> necessary, since it's used for matching, but
984	implicitly hiding the left label (by using same name for both left and
985	right labels), or explicitly hiding the left label (by preceeding it
986	with a dot), makes it possible to have right-justified text only.
987
988	=over 4
989
990	=item For example,
991
992	B</File/{Open}{Open} Open-File-Action>
993
994	=item or hiding it
995
996	B</File/{.anylabel}{Open} Open-File-Action>
997
998	=back
999
1000	X<menuBarRemove>
1001
1002	=head2 Removing menus
1003
1004	=over 4
1005
1006	=item B<< -/*+ >>
1007
1008	remove all menus from the menuBar, the same as B<[clear]>
1009
1010	=item B<< -+I</path>menu+ >>
1011
1012	remove menu
1013
1014	=item B<< -+I</path>{item}+ >>
1015
1016	remove item
1017
1018	=item B<< -+I</path>{-} >>
1019
1020	remove separator)
1021
1022	=item B<-/path/menu/*>
1023
1024	remove all items, separators and submenus from menu
1025
1026	=back
1027
1028	X<menuBarArrows>
1029
1030	=head2 Quick Arrows
1031
1032	The menus also provide a hook for I<quick arrows> to provide easier
1033	user access. If nothing has been explicitly set, the default is to
1034	emulate the curror keys. The syntax permits each arrow to be altered
1035	individually or all four at once without re-entering their common
1036	beginning/end text. For example, to explicitly associate cursor actions
1037	with the arrows, any of the following forms could be used:
1038
1039	=over 4
1040
1041	=item B<< <r>+I<Right> >>
1042
1043	=item B<< <l>+I<Left> >>
1044
1045	=item B<< <u>+I<Up> >>
1046
1047	=item B<< <d>+I<Down> >>
1048
1049	Define actions for the respective arrow buttons
1050
1051	=item B<< <b>+I<Begin> >>
1052
1053	=item B<< <e>+I<End> >>
1054
1055	Define common beginning/end parts for I<quick arrows> which used in
1056	conjunction with the above <r> <l> <u> <d> constructs
1057
1058	=back
1059
1060	=over 4
1061
1062	=item For example, define arrows individually,
1063
1064	<u>\E[A
1065
1066	<d>\E[B
1067
1068	<r>\E[C
1069
1070	<l>\E[D
1071
1072	=item or all at once
1073
1074	<u>\E[AZ<><d>\E[BZ<><r>\E[CZ<><l>\E[D
1075
1076	=item or more compactly (factoring out common parts)
1077
1078	<b>\E[<u>AZ<><d>BZ<><r>CZ<><l>D
1079
1080	=back
1081
1082	X<menuBarSummary>
1083
1084	=head2 Command Summary
1085
1086	A short summary of the most I<common> commands:
1087
1088	=over 4
1089
1090	=item [menu:name]
1091
1092	use an existing named menuBar or start a new one
1093
1094	=item [menu]
1095
1096	use the current menuBar
1097
1098	=item [title:string]
1099
1100	set menuBar title
1101
1102	=item [done]
1103
1104	set menu access to readonly and, if reading from a file, signal EOF
1105
1106	=item [done:name]
1107
1108	if reading from a file using [read:file;name] signal EOF
1109
1110	=item [rm:name]
1111
1112	remove named menuBar(s)
1113
1114	=item [rm] [rm:]
1115
1116	remove current menuBar
1117
1118	=item [rm*] [rm:*]
1119
1120	remove all menuBar(s)
1121
1122	=item [swap]
1123
1124	swap top two menuBars
1125
1126	=item [prev]
1127
1128	access the previous menuBar
1129
1130	=item [next]
1131
1132	access the next menuBar
1133
1134	=item [show]
1135
1136	map menuBar
1137
1138	=item [hide]
1139
1140	unmap menuBar
1141
1142	=item [pixmap;file]
1143
1144	=item [pixmap;file;scaling]
1145
1146	set a background pixmap
1147
1148	=item [read:file]
1149
1150	=item [read:file;name]
1151
1152	read in a menu from a file
1153
1154	=item [dump]
1155
1156	dump out all menuBars to /tmp/rxvt-PID
1157
1158	=item /
1159
1160	access menuBar top level
1161
1162	=item ./
1163
1164	=item ../
1165
1166	=item ../../
1167
1168	access current or parent menu level
1169
1170	=item /path/menu
1171
1172	add/access menu
1173
1174	=item /path/{-}
1175
1176	add separator
1177
1178	=item /path/{item}{rtext} action
1179
1180	add/alter menu item
1181
1182	=item -/*
1183
1184	remove all menus from the menuBar
1185
1186	=item -/path/menu
1187
1188	remove menu items, separators and submenus from menu
1189
1190	=item -/path/menu
1191
1192	remove menu
1193
1194	=item -/path/{item}
1195
1196	remove item
1197
1198	=item -/path/{-}
1199
1200	remove separator
1201
1202	=item <b>Begin<r>Right<l>Left<u>Up<d>Down<e>End
1203
1204	menu quick arrows
1205
1206	=back
1207	X<XPM>
1208		2010
1209	=head1 XPM	2011	=head1 XPM
1210		2012
1211	For the XPM XTerm escape sequence B<< C<ESC ] 20 ; Pt ST> >> then value	2013	For the XPM XTerm escape sequence B<< C<ESC ] 20 ; Pt ST> >> then value
1212	of B<< C<Pt> >> can be the name of the background pixmap followed by a	2014	of B<< C<Pt> >> can be the name of the background pixmap followed by a
…		…
1310	=begin table	2112	=begin table
1311		2113
1312	4 Shift	2114	4 Shift
1313	8 Meta	2115	8 Meta
1314	16 Control	2116	16 Control
1315	32 Double Click I<(Rxvt extension)>	2117	32 Double Click I<(rxvt extension)>
1316		2118
1317	=end table	2119	=end table
1318		2120
1319	Col = B<< C<< <x> - SPACE >> >>	2121	Col = B<< C<< <x> - SPACE >> >>
1320		2122
1321	Row = B<< C<< <y> - SPACE >> >>	2123	Row = B<< C<< <y> - SPACE >> >>
1322		2124
1323	=back	2125	=back
1324	X<KeyCodes>	2126	X<KeyCodes>
1325
1326	=head1 ISO 14755 support
1327
1328	Partial ISO 14755-support is implemented. that means that pressing
1329
1330	section 5.1: Control and Shift together enters unicode input
1331	mode. Entering hex digits composes a Unicode character, pressing space or
1332	releasing the modifiers commits the keycode and every other key cancels
1333	the current input character.
1334
1335	section 5.2: Pressing and immediately releasing Control and Shift together
1336	enters keycap entry mode for the next key: pressing a function key (tab,
1337	return etc..) will enter the unicode character corresponding to the given
1338	key.
1339		2127
1340	=head1 Key Codes	2128	=head1 Key Codes
1341		2129
1342	Note: B<Shift> + B<F1>-B<F10> generates B<F11>-B<F20>	2130	Note: B<Shift> + B<F1>-B<F10> generates B<F11>-B<F20>
1343		2131
…		…
1408	XK_KP_8 8 ESC O x	2196	XK_KP_8 8 ESC O x
1409	XK_KP_9 9 ESC O y	2197	XK_KP_9 9 ESC O y
1410		2198
1411	=end table	2199	=end table
1412		2200
		2201	=head1 CONFIGURE OPTIONS
		2202
		2203	General hint: if you get compile errors, then likely your configuration
		2204	hasn't been tested well. Either try with C<--enable-everything> or use
		2205	the F<./reconf> script as a base for experiments. F<./reconf> is used by
		2206	myself, so it should generally be a working config. Of course, you should
		2207	always report when a combination doesn't work, so it can be fixed. Marc
		2208	Lehmann <rxvt@schmorp.de>.
		2209
		2210	All
		2211
		2212	=over 4
		2213
		2214	=item --enable-everything
		2215
		2216	Add (or remove) support for all non-multichoice options listed in "./configure
		2217	--help".
		2218
		2219	You can specify this and then disable options you do not like by
		2220	I<following> this with the appropriate C<--disable-...> arguments,
		2221	or you can start with a minimal configuration by specifying
		2222	C<--disable-everything> and than adding just the C<--enable-...> arguments
		2223	you want.
		2224
		2225	=item --enable-xft (default: enabled)
		2226
		2227	Add support for Xft (anti-aliases, among others) fonts. Xft fonts are
		2228	slower and require lots of memory, but as long as you don't use them, you
		2229	don't pay for them.
		2230
		2231	=item --enable-font-styles (default: on)
		2232
		2233	Add support for B<bold>, I<italic> and B<< I<bold italic> >> font
		2234	styles. The fonts can be set manually or automatically.
		2235
		2236	=item --with-codesets=NAME,... (default: all)
		2237
		2238	Compile in support for additional codeset (encoding) groups (C<eu>, C<vn>
		2239	are always compiled in, which includes most 8-bit character sets). These
		2240	codeset tables are used for driving X11 core fonts, they are not required
		2241	for Xft fonts, although having them compiled in lets rxvt-unicode choose
		2242	replacement fonts more intelligently. Compiling them in will make your
		2243	binary bigger (all of together cost about 700kB), but it doesn't increase
		2244	memory usage unless you use a font requiring one of these encodings.
		2245
		2246	=begin table
		2247
		2248	all all available codeset groups
		2249	zh common chinese encodings
		2250	zh_ext rarely used but very big chinese encodigs
		2251	jp common japanese encodings
		2252	jp_ext rarely used but big japanese encodings
		2253	kr korean encodings
		2254
		2255	=end table
		2256
		2257	=item --enable-xim (default: on)
		2258
		2259	Add support for XIM (X Input Method) protocol. This allows using
		2260	alternative input methods (e.g. kinput2) and will also correctly
		2261	set up the input for people using dead keys or compose keys.
		2262
		2263	=item --enable-unicode3 (default: off)
		2264
		2265	Recommended to stay off unless you really need non-BMP characters.
		2266
		2267	Enable direct support for displaying unicode codepoints above
		2268	65535 (the basic multilingual page). This increases storage
		2269	requirements per character from 2 to 4 bytes. X11 fonts do not yet
		2270	support these extra characters, but Xft does.
		2271
		2272	Please note that rxvt-unicode can store unicode code points >65535
		2273	even without this flag, but the number of such characters is
		2274	limited to a view thousand (shared with combining characters,
		2275	see next switch), and right now rxvt-unicode cannot display them
		2276	(input/output and cut&paste still work, though).
		2277
		2278	=item --enable-combining (default: on)
		2279
		2280	Enable automatic composition of combining characters into
		2281	composite characters. This is required for proper viewing of text
		2282	where accents are encoded as seperate unicode characters. This is
		2283	done by using precomposited characters when available or creating
		2284	new pseudo-characters when no precomposed form exists.
		2285
		2286	Without --enable-unicode3, the number of additional precomposed
		2287	characters is somewhat limited (the 6400 private use characters will be
		2288	(ab-)used). With --enable-unicode3, no practical limit exists.
		2289
		2290	This option will also enable storage (but not display) of characters
		2291	beyond plane 0 (>65535) when --enable-unicode3 was not specified.
		2292
		2293	The combining table also contains entries for arabic presentation forms,
		2294	but these are not currently used. Bug me if you want these to be used (and
		2295	tell me how these are to be used...).
		2296
		2297	=item --enable-fallback(=CLASS) (default: Rxvt)
		2298
		2299	When reading resource settings, also read settings for class CLASS. To
		2300	disable resource fallback use --disable-fallback.
		2301
		2302	=item --with-res-name=NAME (default: urxvt)
		2303
		2304	Use the given name as default application name when
		2305	reading resources. Specify --with-res-name=rxvt to replace rxvt.
		2306
		2307	=item --with-res-class=CLASS /default: URxvt)
		2308
		2309	Use the given class as default application class
		2310	when reading resources. Specify --with-res-class=Rxvt to replace
		2311	rxvt.
		2312
		2313	=item --enable-utmp (default: on)
		2314
		2315	Write user and tty to utmp file (used by programs like F<w>) at
		2316	start of rxvt execution and delete information when rxvt exits.
		2317
		2318	=item --enable-wtmp (default: on)
		2319
		2320	Write user and tty to wtmp file (used by programs like F<last>) at
		2321	start of rxvt execution and write logout when rxvt exits. This
		2322	option requires --enable-utmp to also be specified.
		2323
		2324	=item --enable-lastlog (default: on)
		2325
		2326	Write user and tty to lastlog file (used by programs like
		2327	F<lastlogin>) at start of rxvt execution. This option requires
		2328	--enable-utmp to also be specified.
		2329
		2330	=item --enable-xpm-background (default: on)
		2331
		2332	Add support for XPM background pixmaps.
		2333
		2334	=item --enable-transparency (default: on)
		2335
		2336	Add support for inheriting parent backgrounds thus giving a fake
		2337	transparency to the term.
		2338
		2339	=item --enable-fading (default: on)
		2340
		2341	Add support for fading the text when focus is lost (requires C<--enable-transparency>).
		2342
		2343	=item --enable-tinting (default: on)
		2344
		2345	Add support for tinting of transparent backgrounds (requires C<--enable-transparency>).
		2346
		2347	=item --enable-rxvt-scroll (default: on)
		2348
		2349	Add support for the original rxvt scrollbar.
		2350
		2351	=item --enable-next-scroll (default: on)
		2352
		2353	Add support for a NeXT-like scrollbar.
		2354
		2355	=item --enable-xterm-scroll (default: on)
		2356
		2357	Add support for an Xterm-like scrollbar.
		2358
		2359	=item --enable-plain-scroll (default: on)
		2360
		2361	Add support for a very unobtrusive, plain-looking scrollbar that
		2362	is the favourite of the rxvt-unicode author, having used it for
		2363	many years.
		2364
		2365	=item --enable-ttygid (default: off)
		2366
		2367	Change tty device setting to group "tty" - only use this if
		2368	your system uses this type of security.
		2369
		2370	=item --disable-backspace-key
		2371
		2372	Removes any handling of the backspace key by us - let the X server do it.
		2373
		2374	=item --disable-delete-key
		2375
		2376	Removes any handling of the delete key by us - let the X server
		2377	do it.
		2378
		2379	=item --disable-resources
		2380
		2381	Removes any support for resource checking.
		2382
		2383	=item --disable-swapscreen
		2384
		2385	Remove support for secondary/swap screen.
		2386
		2387	=item --enable-frills (default: on)
		2388
		2389	Add support for many small features that are not essential but nice to
		2390	have. Normally you want this, but for very small binaries you may want to
		2391	disable this.
		2392
		2393	A non-exhaustive list of features enabled by C<--enable-frills> (possibly
		2394	in combination with other switches) is:
		2395
		2396	MWM-hints
		2397	EWMH-hints (pid, utf8 names) and protocols (ping)
		2398	seperate underline colour (-underlineColor)
		2399	settable border widths and borderless switch (-w, -b, -bl)
		2400	visual depth selection (-depth)
		2401	settable extra linespacing /-lsp)
		2402	iso-14755-2 and -3, and visual feedback
		2403	tripleclickwords (-tcw)
		2404	settable insecure mode (-insecure)
		2405	keysym remapping support
		2406	cursor blinking and underline cursor (-cb, -uc)
		2407	XEmbed support (-embed)
		2408	user-pty (-pty-fd)
		2409	hold on exit (-hold)
		2410	skip builtin block graphics (-sbg)
		2411	separate highlightcolor support (-hc)
		2412
		2413	It also enables some non-essential features otherwise disabled, such as:
		2414
		2415	some round-trip time optimisations
		2416	nearest color allocation on pseudocolor screens
		2417	UTF8_STRING supporr for selection
		2418	sgr modes 90..97 and 100..107
		2419	backindex and forwardindex escape sequences
		2420	view change/zero scorllback esacpe sequences
		2421	locale switching escape sequence
		2422	window op and some xterm/OSC escape sequences
		2423	rectangular selections
		2424	trailing space removal for selections
		2425	verbose X error handling
		2426
		2427	=item --enable-iso14755 (default: on)
		2428
		2429	Enable extended ISO 14755 support (see @@RXVT_NAME@@(1), or
		2430	F<doc/rxvt.1.txt>). Basic support (section 5.1) is enabled by
		2431	C<--enable-frills>, while support for 5.2, 5.3 and 5.4 is enabled with
		2432	this switch.
		2433
		2434	=item --enable-keepscrolling (default: on)
		2435
		2436	Add support for continual scrolling of the display when you hold
		2437	the mouse button down on a scrollbar arrow.
		2438
		2439	=item --enable-mousewheel (default: on)
		2440
		2441	Add support for scrolling via mouse wheel or buttons 4 & 5.
		2442
		2443	=item --enable-slipwheeling (default: on)
		2444
		2445	Add support for continual scrolling (using the mouse wheel as an
		2446	accelerator) while the control key is held down. This option
		2447	requires --enable-mousewheel to also be specified.
		2448
		2449	=item --disable-new-selection
		2450
		2451	Remove support for mouse selection style like that of xterm.
		2452
		2453	=item --enable-dmalloc (default: off)
		2454
		2455	Use Gray Watson's malloc - which is good for debugging See
		2456	L<http://www.letters.com/dmalloc/> for details If you use either this or the
		2457	next option, you may need to edit src/Makefile after compiling to point
		2458	DINCLUDE and DLIB to the right places.
		2459
		2460	You can only use either this option and the following (should
		2461	you use either) .
		2462
		2463	=item --enable-dlmalloc (default: off)
		2464
		2465	Use Doug Lea's malloc - which is good for a production version
		2466	See L<http://g.oswego.edu/dl/html/malloc.html> for details.
		2467
		2468	=item --enable-smart-resize (default: on)
		2469
		2470	Add smart growth/shrink behaviour when changing font size via hot
		2471	keys. This should keep the window corner which is closest to a corner of
		2472	the screen in a fixed position.
		2473
		2474	=item --enable-pointer-blank (default: on)
		2475
		2476	Add support to have the pointer disappear when typing or inactive.
		2477
		2478	=item --enable-perl (default: on)
		2479
		2480	Enable an embedded perl interpreter. See the B<@@RXVT_NAME@@perl(3)>
		2481	manpage (F<doc/rxvtperl.txt>) for more info on this feature, or the files
		2482	in F<src/perl-ext/> for the extensions that are installed by default. The
		2483	perl interpreter that is used can be specified via the C<PERL> environment
		2484	variable when running configure.
		2485
		2486	=item --with-name=NAME (default: urxvt)
		2487
		2488	Set the basename for the installed binaries, resulting
		2489	in C<urxvt>, C<urxvtd> etc.). Specify C<--with-name=rxvt> to replace with
		2490	C<rxvt>.
		2491
		2492	=item --with-term=NAME (default: rxvt-unicode)
		2493
		2494	Change the environmental variable for the terminal to NAME.
		2495
		2496	=item --with-terminfo=PATH
		2497
		2498	Change the environmental variable for the path to the terminfo tree to
		2499	PATH.
		2500
		2501	=item --with-x
		2502
		2503	Use the X Window System (pretty much default, eh?).
		2504
		2505	=item --with-xpm-includes=DIR
		2506
		2507	Look for the XPM includes in DIR.
		2508
		2509	=item --with-xpm-library=DIR
		2510
		2511	Look for the XPM library in DIR.
		2512
		2513	=item --with-xpm
		2514
		2515	Not needed - define via --enable-xpm-background.
		2516
		2517	=back
		2518
		2519	=head1 AUTHORS
		2520
		2521	Marc Lehmann <rxvt@schmorp.de> converted this document to pod and
		2522	reworked it from the original Rxvt documentation, which was done by Geoff
		2523	Wing <gcw@pobox.com>, who in turn used the XTerm documentation and other
		2524	sources.
		2525

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