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1 root 1.1 <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
2     <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
3     <head>
4 root 1.30 <title>rxvtperl - rxvt-unicode's embedded perl interpreter</title>
5 root 1.1 <link rev="made" href="mailto:perl-binary@plan9.de" />
6     </head>
7    
8     <body style="background-color: white">
9    
10     <p><a name="__index__"></a></p>
11     <!-- INDEX BEGIN -->
12    
13     <ul>
14    
15     <li><a href="#name">NAME</a></li>
16     <li><a href="#synopsis">SYNOPSIS</a></li>
17     <li><a href="#description">DESCRIPTION</a></li>
18 root 1.20 <li><a href="#prepackaged_extensions">PREPACKAGED EXTENSIONS</a></li>
19     <li><a href="#api_documentation">API DOCUMENTATION</a></li>
20 root 1.1 <ul>
21    
22 root 1.3 <li><a href="#general_api_considerations">General API Considerations</a></li>
23 root 1.19 <li><a href="#extension_objects">Extension Objects</a></li>
24 root 1.1 <li><a href="#hooks">Hooks</a></li>
25 root 1.9 <li><a href="#variables_in_the_urxvt_package">Variables in the <code>urxvt</code> Package</a></li>
26 root 1.1 <li><a href="#functions_in_the_urxvt_package">Functions in the <code>urxvt</code> Package</a></li>
27 root 1.8 <li><a href="#rendition">RENDITION</a></li>
28 root 1.16 <li><a href="#the_urxvt__anyevent_class">The <code>urxvt::anyevent</code> Class</a></li>
29 root 1.1 <li><a href="#the_urxvt__term_class">The <code>urxvt::term</code> Class</a></li>
30 root 1.15 <li><a href="#the_urxvt__popup_class">The <code>urxvt::popup</code> Class</a></li>
31 root 1.1 <li><a href="#the_urxvt__timer_class">The <code>urxvt::timer</code> Class</a></li>
32     <li><a href="#the_urxvt__iow_class">The <code>urxvt::iow</code> Class</a></li>
33 root 1.34 <li><a href="#the_urxvt__iw_class">The <code>urxvt::iw</code> Class</a></li>
34     <li><a href="#the_urxvt__pw_class">The <code>urxvt::pw</code> Class</a></li>
35 root 1.1 </ul>
36    
37 root 1.2 <li><a href="#environment">ENVIRONMENT</a></li>
38     <ul>
39    
40     <li><a href="#urxvt_perl_verbosity">URXVT_PERL_VERBOSITY</a></li>
41     </ul>
42    
43 root 1.1 <li><a href="#author">AUTHOR</a></li>
44     </ul>
45     <!-- INDEX END -->
46    
47     <hr />
48     <p>
49     </p>
50 root 1.7 <hr />
51 root 1.1 <h1><a name="name">NAME</a></h1>
52 root 1.30 <p>rxvtperl - rxvt-unicode's embedded perl interpreter</p>
53 root 1.1 <p>
54     </p>
55     <hr />
56     <h1><a name="synopsis">SYNOPSIS</a></h1>
57 root 1.5 <pre>
58     # create a file grab_test in $HOME:</pre>
59 root 1.1 <pre>
60     sub on_sel_grab {
61     warn &quot;you selected &quot;, $_[0]-&gt;selection;
62     ()
63     }</pre>
64     <pre>
65 root 1.30 # start a rxvt using it:</pre>
66 root 1.5 <pre>
67 root 1.30 rxvt --perl-lib $HOME -pe grab_test</pre>
68 root 1.1 <p>
69     </p>
70     <hr />
71     <h1><a name="description">DESCRIPTION</a></h1>
72 root 1.15 <p>Everytime a terminal object gets created, extension scripts specified via
73     the <code>perl</code> resource are loaded and associated with it.</p>
74 root 1.5 <p>Scripts are compiled in a 'use strict' and 'use utf8' environment, and
75     thus must be encoded as UTF-8.</p>
76 root 1.30 <p>Each script will only ever be loaded once, even in rxvtd, where
77 root 1.7 scripts will be shared (but not enabled) for all terminals.</p>
78 root 1.3 <p>
79     </p>
80 root 1.20 <hr />
81     <h1><a name="prepackaged_extensions">PREPACKAGED EXTENSIONS</a></h1>
82     <p>This section describes the extensions delivered with this release. You can
83 root 1.30 find them in <em>/opt/rxvt/lib/urxvt/perl/</em>.</p>
84 root 1.6 <p>You can activate them like this:</p>
85     <pre>
86 root 1.30 rxvt -pe &lt;extensionname&gt;</pre>
87 root 1.34 <p>Or by adding them to the resource for extensions loaded by default:</p>
88     <pre>
89     URxvt.perl-ext-common: default,automove-background,selection-autotransform</pre>
90 root 1.6 <dl>
91 root 1.16 <dt><strong><a name="item_selection">selection (enabled by default)</a></strong><br />
92 root 1.6 </dt>
93     <dd>
94 root 1.20 (More) intelligent selection. This extension tries to be more intelligent
95 root 1.25 when the user extends selections (double-click and further clicks). Right
96     now, it tries to select words, urls and complete shell-quoted
97     arguments, which is very convenient, too, if your <em>ls</em> supports
98     <code>--quoting-style=shell</code>.
99     </dd>
100     <dd>
101     <p>A double-click usually selects the word under the cursor, further clicks
102     will enlarge the selection.</p>
103 root 1.9 </dd>
104     <dd>
105 root 1.26 <p>The selection works by trying to match a number of regexes and displaying
106     them in increasing order of length. You can add your own regexes by
107     specifying resources of the form:</p>
108     </dd>
109     <dd>
110     <pre>
111     URxvt.selection.pattern-0: perl-regex
112     URxvt.selection.pattern-1: perl-regex
113     ...</pre>
114     </dd>
115     <dd>
116     <p>The index number (0, 1...) must not have any holes, and each regex must
117     contain at least one pair of capturing parentheses, which will be used for
118     the match. For example, the followign adds a regex that matches everything
119     between two vertical bars:</p>
120     </dd>
121     <dd>
122     <pre>
123     URxvt.selection.pattern-0: \\|([^|]+)\\|</pre>
124     </dd>
125     <dd>
126 root 1.38 <p>Another example: Programs I use often output ``absolute path: '' at the
127     beginning of a line when they process multiple files. The following
128     pattern matches the filename (note, there is a single space at the very
129     end):</p>
130     </dd>
131     <dd>
132     <pre>
133     URxvt.selection.pattern-0: ^(/[^:]+):\</pre>
134     </dd>
135     <dd>
136 root 1.26 <p>You can look at the source of the selection extension to see more
137     interesting uses, such as parsing a line from beginning to end.</p>
138     </dd>
139     <dd>
140 root 1.31 <p>This extension also offers following bindable keyboard commands:</p>
141 root 1.6 </dd>
142     <dl>
143     <dt><strong><a name="item_rot13">rot13</a></strong><br />
144     </dt>
145     <dd>
146     Rot-13 the selection when activated. Used via keyboard trigger:
147     </dd>
148     <dd>
149     <pre>
150     URxvt.keysym.C-M-r: perl:selection:rot13</pre>
151     </dd>
152     <p></p></dl>
153 root 1.16 <dt><strong><a name="item_popup">option-popup (enabled by default)</a></strong><br />
154     </dt>
155     <dd>
156 root 1.17 Binds a popup menu to Ctrl-Button2 that lets you toggle (some) options at
157 root 1.16 runtime.
158     </dd>
159     <p></p>
160 root 1.17 <dt><strong>selection-popup (enabled by default)</strong><br />
161     </dt>
162     <dd>
163     Binds a popup menu to Ctrl-Button3 that lets you convert the selection
164 root 1.20 text into various other formats/action (such as uri unescaping, perl
165 root 1.35 evaluation, web-browser starting etc.), depending on content.
166 root 1.17 </dd>
167 root 1.33 <dd>
168     <p>Other extensions can extend this popup menu by pushing a code reference
169     onto <code>@{ $term-</code>{selection_popup_hook} }&gt;, that is called whenever the
170     popup is displayed.</p>
171     </dd>
172     <dd>
173     <p>It's sole argument is the popup menu, which can be modified. The selection
174     is in <code>$_</code>, which can be used to decide wether to add something or not.
175     It should either return nothing or a string and a code reference. The
176     string will be used as button text and the code reference will be called
177     when the button gets activated and should transform <code>$_</code>.</p>
178     </dd>
179     <dd>
180     <p>The following will add an entry <code>a to b</code> that transforms all <code>a</code>s in
181     the selection to <code>b</code>s, but only if the selection currently contains any
182     <code>a</code>s:</p>
183     </dd>
184     <dd>
185     <pre>
186     push @{ $self-&gt;{term}{selection_popup_hook} }, sub {
187     /a/ ? (&quot;a to be&quot; =&gt; sub { s/a/b/g }
188     : ()
189     };</pre>
190     </dd>
191 root 1.17 <p></p>
192 root 1.19 <dt><strong><a name="item_searchable_2dscrollback_3chotkey_3e__28enabled_by_">searchable-scrollback&lt;hotkey&gt; (enabled by default)</a></strong><br />
193     </dt>
194     <dd>
195     Adds regex search functionality to the scrollback buffer, triggered
196 root 1.25 by a hotkey (default: <code>M-s</code>). While in search mode, normal terminal
197     input/output is suspended and a regex is displayed at the bottom of the
198     screen.
199 root 1.19 </dd>
200     <dd>
201 root 1.25 <p>Inputting characters appends them to the regex and continues incremental
202     search. <code>BackSpace</code> removes a character from the regex, <code>Up</code> and <code>Down</code>
203     search upwards/downwards in the scrollback buffer, <code>End</code> jumps to the
204     bottom. <code>Escape</code> leaves search mode and returns to the point where search
205     was started, while <code>Enter</code> or <code>Return</code> stay at the current position and
206     additionally stores the first match in the current line into the primary
207     selection.</p>
208 root 1.19 </dd>
209     <p></p>
210 root 1.36 <dt><strong><a name="item_readline">readline (enabled by default)</a></strong><br />
211     </dt>
212     <dd>
213     A support package that tries to make editing with readline easier. At the
214     moment, it reacts to clicking with the left mouse button by trying to
215     move the text cursor to this position. It does so by generating as many
216     cursor-left or cursor-right keypresses as required (the this only works
217     for programs that correctly support wide characters).
218     </dd>
219     <dd>
220     <p>To avoid too many false positives, this is only done when:</p>
221     </dd>
222     <dl>
223 root 1.37 <dt><strong><a name="item__2d_the_tty_is_in_icanon_state_2e">- the tty is in ICANON state.</a></strong><br />
224     </dt>
225     <dt><strong><a name="item__2d_the_text_cursor_is_visible_2e">- the text cursor is visible.</a></strong><br />
226 root 1.36 </dt>
227     <dt><strong><a name="item__2d_the_primary_screen_is_currently_being_displaye">- the primary screen is currently being displayed.</a></strong><br />
228     </dt>
229 root 1.37 <dt><strong><a name="item_same">- the mouse is on the same (multi-row-) line as the text cursor.</a></strong><br />
230 root 1.36 </dt>
231     </dl>
232     <p>The normal selection mechanism isn't disabled, so quick successive clicks
233     might interfere with selection creation in harmless ways.</p>
234 root 1.26 <dt><strong><a name="item_selection_2dautotransform">selection-autotransform</a></strong><br />
235 root 1.6 </dt>
236     <dd>
237 root 1.26 This selection allows you to do automatic transforms on a selection
238     whenever a selection is made.
239     </dd>
240     <dd>
241     <p>It works by specifying perl snippets (most useful is a single <code>s///</code>
242     operator) that modify <code>$_</code> as resources:</p>
243     </dd>
244     <dd>
245     <pre>
246     URxvt.selection-autotransform.0: transform
247     URxvt.selection-autotransform.1: transform
248     ...</pre>
249     </dd>
250     <dd>
251     <p>For example, the following will transform selections of the form
252     <code>filename:number</code>, often seen in compiler messages, into <code>vi +$filename
253     $word</code>:</p>
254     </dd>
255     <dd>
256     <pre>
257 root 1.29 URxvt.selection-autotransform.0: s/^([^:[:space:]]+):(\\d+):?$/vi +$2 \\Q$1\\E\\x0d/</pre>
258 root 1.26 </dd>
259     <dd>
260     <p>And this example matches the same,but replaces it with vi-commands you can
261     paste directly into your (vi :) editor:</p>
262     </dd>
263     <dd>
264     <pre>
265 root 1.33 URxvt.selection-autotransform.0: s/^([^:[:space:]]+(\\d+):?$/:e \\Q$1\\E\\x0d:$2\\x0d/</pre>
266 root 1.6 </dd>
267 root 1.27 <dd>
268     <p>Of course, this can be modified to suit your needs and your editor :)</p>
269     </dd>
270 root 1.28 <dd>
271     <p>To expand the example above to typical perl error messages (``XXX at
272     FILENAME line YYY.''), you need a slightly more elaborate solution:</p>
273     </dd>
274     <dd>
275     <pre>
276 root 1.33 URxvt.selection.pattern-0: ( at .*? line \\d+[,.])
277     URxvt.selection-autotransform.0: s/^ at (.*?) line (\\d+)[,.]$/:e \\Q$1\E\\x0d:$2\\x0d/</pre>
278 root 1.28 </dd>
279     <dd>
280     <p>The first line tells the selection code to treat the unchanging part of
281     every error message as a selection pattern, and the second line transforms
282     the message into vi commands to load the file.</p>
283     </dd>
284 root 1.6 <p></p>
285 root 1.34 <dt><strong><a name="item_tabbed">tabbed</a></strong><br />
286     </dt>
287     <dd>
288     This transforms the terminal into a tabbar with additional terminals, that
289     is, it implements what is commonly refered to as ``tabbed terminal''. The topmost line
290     displays a ``[NEW]'' button, which, when clicked, will add a new tab, followed by one
291     button per tab.
292     </dd>
293     <dd>
294 root 1.35 <p>Clicking a button will activate that tab. Pressing <strong>Shift-Left</strong> and
295     <strong>Shift-Right</strong> will switch to the tab left or right of the current one,
296     while <strong>Shift-Down</strong> creates a new tab.</p>
297 root 1.34 </dd>
298 root 1.41 <dd>
299     <p>The tabbar itself can be configured similarly to a normal terminal, but
300     with a resource class of <code>URxvt.tabbed</code>. In addition, it supports the
301     following four resources (shown with defaults):</p>
302     </dd>
303     <dd>
304     <pre>
305     URxvt.tabbed.tabbar-fg: &lt;colour-index, default 3&gt;
306     URxvt.tabbed.tabbar-bg: &lt;colour-index, default 0&gt;
307     URxvt.tabbed.tab-fg: &lt;colour-index, default 0&gt;
308     URxvt.tabbed.tab-bg: &lt;colour-index, default 1&gt;</pre>
309     </dd>
310     <dd>
311     <p>See <em>COLOR AND GRAPHICS</em> in the <code>rxvt(1)</code> manpage for valid
312     indices.</p>
313     </dd>
314 root 1.34 <p></p>
315 root 1.14 <dt><strong><a name="item_mark_2durls">mark-urls</a></strong><br />
316     </dt>
317     <dd>
318 root 1.24 Uses per-line display filtering (<code>on_line_update</code>) to underline urls and
319 root 1.25 make them clickable. When middle-clicked, the program specified in the
320     resource <code>urlLauncher</code> (default <code>x-www-browser</code>) will be started with
321     the URL as first argument.
322 root 1.14 </dd>
323     <p></p>
324 root 1.38 <dt><strong><a name="item_xim_2donthespot">xim-onthespot</a></strong><br />
325     </dt>
326     <dd>
327     This (experimental) perl extension implements OnTheSpot editing. It does
328     not work perfectly, and some input methods don't seem to work well with
329     OnTheSpot editing in general, but it seems to work at leats for SCIM and
330     kinput2.
331     </dd>
332     <dd>
333     <p>You enable it by specifying this extension and a preedit style of
334     <code>OnTheSpot</code>, i.e.:</p>
335     </dd>
336     <dd>
337     <pre>
338     rxvt -pt OnTheSpot -pe xim-onthespot</pre>
339     </dd>
340     <p></p>
341 root 1.33 <dt><strong><a name="item_automove_2dbackground">automove-background</a></strong><br />
342     </dt>
343     <dd>
344     This is basically a one-line extension that dynamically changes the background pixmap offset
345     to the window position, in effect creating the same effect as pseudo transparency with
346     a custom pixmap. No scaling is supported in this mode. Exmaple:
347     </dd>
348     <dd>
349     <pre>
350     rxvt -pixmap background.xpm -pe automove-background</pre>
351     </dd>
352     <p></p>
353 root 1.14 <dt><strong><a name="item_block_2dgraphics_2dto_2dascii">block-graphics-to-ascii</a></strong><br />
354     </dt>
355     <dd>
356     A not very useful example of filtering all text output to the terminal,
357     by replacing all line-drawing characters (U+2500 .. U+259F) by a
358     similar-looking ascii character.
359     </dd>
360     <p></p>
361 root 1.26 <dt><strong><a name="item_digital_2dclock">digital-clock</a></strong><br />
362     </dt>
363     <dd>
364     Displays a digital clock using the built-in overlay.
365     </dd>
366     <p></p>
367 root 1.39 <dt><strong><a name="item_remote_2dclipboard">remote-clipboard</a></strong><br />
368 root 1.6 </dt>
369     <dd>
370 root 1.39 Somewhat of a misnomer, this extension adds two menu entries to the
371     selection popup that allows one ti run external commands to store the
372     selection somewhere and fetch it again.
373     </dd>
374     <dd>
375     <p>We use it to implement a ``distributed selection mechanism'', which just
376     means that one command uploads the file to a remote server, and another
377     reads it.</p>
378     </dd>
379     <dd>
380     <p>The commands can be set using the <code>URxvt.remote-selection.store</code> and
381     <code>URxvt.remote-selection.fetch</code> resources. The first should read the
382     selection to store from STDIN (always in UTF-8), the second should provide
383     the selection data on STDOUT (also in UTF-8).</p>
384     </dd>
385     <dd>
386     <p>The defaults (which are likely useless to you) use rsh and cat:</p>
387     </dd>
388     <dd>
389     <pre>
390     URxvt.remote-selection.store: rsh ruth 'cat &gt;/tmp/distributed-selection'
391     URxvt.remote-selection.fetch: rsh ruth 'cat /tmp/distributed-selection'</pre>
392 root 1.6 </dd>
393 root 1.32 <p></p>
394     <dt><strong><a name="item_selection_2dpastebin">selection-pastebin</a></strong><br />
395     </dt>
396     <dd>
397     This is a little rarely useful extension that Uploads the selection as
398     textfile to a remote site (or does other things). (The implementation is
399     not currently secure for use in a multiuser environment as it writes to
400     <em>/tmp</em> directly.).
401     </dd>
402     <dd>
403     <p>It listens to the <code>selection-pastebin:remote-pastebin</code> keyboard command,
404     i.e.</p>
405     </dd>
406     <dd>
407     <pre>
408     URxvt.keysym.C-M-e: perl:selection-pastebin:remote-pastebin</pre>
409     </dd>
410     <dd>
411     <p>Pressing this combination runs a command with <code>%</code> replaced by the name of
412     the textfile. This command can be set via a resource:</p>
413     </dd>
414     <dd>
415     <pre>
416     URxvt.selection-pastebin.cmd: rsync -apP % ruth:/var/www/www.ta-sa.org/files/txt/.</pre>
417     </dd>
418     <dd>
419     <p>And the default is likely not useful to anybody but the few people around
420     here :)</p>
421     </dd>
422     <dd>
423     <p>The name of the textfile is the hex encoded md5 sum of the selection, so
424     the same content should lead to the same filename.</p>
425     </dd>
426     <dd>
427     <p>After a successful upload the selection will be replaced by the text given
428     in the <code>selection-pastebin-url</code> resource (again, the % is the placeholder
429     for the filename):</p>
430     </dd>
431     <dd>
432     <pre>
433     URxvt.selection-pastebin.url: <a href="http://www.ta-sa.org/files/txt/%">http://www.ta-sa.org/files/txt/%</a></pre>
434     </dd>
435 root 1.39 <p></p>
436     <dt><strong><a name="item_example_2drefresh_2dhooks">example-refresh-hooks</a></strong><br />
437     </dt>
438     <dd>
439     Displays a very simple digital clock in the upper right corner of the
440     window. Illustrates overwriting the refresh callbacks to create your own
441     overlays or changes.
442     </dd>
443 root 1.6 <p></p></dl>
444     <p>
445     </p>
446 root 1.20 <hr />
447     <h1><a name="api_documentation">API DOCUMENTATION</a></h1>
448     <p>
449     </p>
450 root 1.3 <h2><a name="general_api_considerations">General API Considerations</a></h2>
451     <p>All objects (such as terminals, time watchers etc.) are typical
452     reference-to-hash objects. The hash can be used to store anything you
453     like. All members starting with an underscore (such as <code>_ptr</code> or
454 root 1.9 <code>_hook</code>) are reserved for internal uses and <strong>MUST NOT</strong> be accessed or
455 root 1.3 modified).</p>
456     <p>When objects are destroyed on the C++ side, the perl object hashes are
457     emptied, so its best to store related objects such as time watchers and
458     the like inside the terminal object so they get destroyed as soon as the
459     terminal is destroyed.</p>
460 root 1.14 <p>Argument names also often indicate the type of a parameter. Here are some
461     hints on what they mean:</p>
462     <dl>
463     <dt><strong><a name="item__24text">$text</a></strong><br />
464     </dt>
465     <dd>
466     Rxvt-unicodes special way of encoding text, where one ``unicode'' character
467 root 1.23 always represents one screen cell. See <a href="#item_row_t">ROW_t</a> for a discussion of this format.
468 root 1.14 </dd>
469     <p></p>
470     <dt><strong><a name="item__24string">$string</a></strong><br />
471     </dt>
472     <dd>
473     A perl text string, with an emphasis on <em>text</em>. It can store all unicode
474     characters and is to be distinguished with text encoded in a specific
475     encoding (often locale-specific) and binary data.
476     </dd>
477     <p></p>
478     <dt><strong><a name="item__24octets">$octets</a></strong><br />
479     </dt>
480     <dd>
481     Either binary data or - more common - a text string encoded in a
482     locale-specific way.
483     </dd>
484     <p></p></dl>
485 root 1.1 <p>
486     </p>
487 root 1.19 <h2><a name="extension_objects">Extension Objects</a></h2>
488     <p>Very perl extension is a perl class. A separate perl object is created
489     for each terminal and each extension and passed as the first parameter to
490     hooks. So extensions can use their <code>$self</code> object without having to think
491     about other extensions, with the exception of methods and members that
492     begin with an underscore character <code>_</code>: these are reserved for internal
493     use.</p>
494     <p>Although it isn't a <code>urxvt::term</code> object, you can call all methods of the
495     <code>urxvt::term</code> class on this object.</p>
496     <p>It has the following methods and data members:</p>
497     <dl>
498     <dt><strong><a name="item__24urxvt_term__3d__24self_2d_3e_7bterm_7d">$urxvt_term = $self-&gt;{term}</a></strong><br />
499     </dt>
500     <dd>
501     Returns the <code>urxvt::term</code> object associated with this instance of the
502     extension. This member <em>must not</em> be changed in any way.
503     </dd>
504     <p></p>
505     <dt><strong><a name="item_enable">$self-&gt;enable ($hook_name =&gt; $cb, [$hook_name =&gt; $cb..])</a></strong><br />
506     </dt>
507     <dd>
508     Dynamically enable the given hooks (named without the <code>on_</code> prefix) for
509     this extension, replacing any previous hook. This is useful when you want
510     to overwrite time-critical hooks only temporarily.
511     </dd>
512     <p></p>
513     <dt><strong><a name="item_disable">$self-&gt;disable ($hook_name[, $hook_name..])</a></strong><br />
514     </dt>
515     <dd>
516     Dynamically disable the given hooks.
517     </dd>
518     <p></p></dl>
519     <p>
520     </p>
521 root 1.1 <h2><a name="hooks">Hooks</a></h2>
522 root 1.14 <p>The following subroutines can be declared in extension files, and will be
523 root 1.9 called whenever the relevant event happens.</p>
524 root 1.19 <p>The first argument passed to them is an extension oject as described in
525     the in the <code>Extension Objects</code> section.</p>
526 root 1.34 <p><strong>All</strong> of these hooks must return a boolean value. If any of the called
527     hooks returns true, then the event counts as being <em>consumed</em>, and the
528     relevant action might not be carried out by the C++ code.</p>
529 root 1.19 <p><em>When in doubt, return a false value (preferably <code>()</code>). </em>&gt;</p>
530 root 1.1 <dl>
531     <dt><strong><a name="item_on_init__24term">on_init $term</a></strong><br />
532     </dt>
533     <dd>
534     Called after a new terminal object has been initialized, but before
535 root 1.14 windows are created or the command gets run. Most methods are unsafe to
536     call or deliver senseless data, as terminal size and other characteristics
537 root 1.34 have not yet been determined. You can safely query and change resources
538     and options, though. For many purposes the <code>on_start</code> hook is a better
539     place.
540     </dd>
541     <p></p>
542     <dt><strong><a name="item_on_start__24term">on_start $term</a></strong><br />
543     </dt>
544     <dd>
545     Called at the very end of initialisation of a new terminal, just before
546     trying to map (display) the toplevel and returning to the mainloop.
547     </dd>
548     <p></p>
549     <dt><strong><a name="item_on_destroy__24term">on_destroy $term</a></strong><br />
550     </dt>
551     <dd>
552 root 1.38 Called whenever something tries to destroy terminal, when the terminal is
553     still fully functional (not for long, though).
554 root 1.1 </dd>
555     <p></p>
556     <dt><strong><a name="item_on_reset__24term">on_reset $term</a></strong><br />
557     </dt>
558     <dd>
559     Called after the screen is ``reset'' for any reason, such as resizing or
560     control sequences. Here is where you can react on changes to size-related
561     variables.
562     </dd>
563     <p></p>
564 root 1.33 <dt><strong><a name="item_on_child_start__24term_2c__24pid">on_child_start $term, $pid</a></strong><br />
565     </dt>
566     <dd>
567     Called just after the child process has been <code>fork</code>ed.
568     </dd>
569     <p></p>
570     <dt><strong><a name="item_on_child_exit__24term_2c__24status">on_child_exit $term, $status</a></strong><br />
571     </dt>
572     <dd>
573     Called just after the child process has exited. <code>$status</code> is the status
574     from <code>waitpid</code>.
575     </dd>
576     <p></p>
577 root 1.1 <dt><strong><a name="item_on_sel_make__24term_2c__24eventtime">on_sel_make $term, $eventtime</a></strong><br />
578     </dt>
579     <dd>
580     Called whenever a selection has been made by the user, but before the
581     selection text is copied, so changes to the beginning, end or type of the
582     selection will be honored.
583     </dd>
584     <dd>
585     <p>Returning a true value aborts selection making by urxvt, in which case you
586     have to make a selection yourself by calling <a href="#item_selection_grab"><code>$term-&gt;selection_grab</code></a>.</p>
587     </dd>
588     <p></p>
589     <dt><strong><a name="item_on_sel_grab__24term_2c__24eventtime">on_sel_grab $term, $eventtime</a></strong><br />
590     </dt>
591     <dd>
592     Called whenever a selection has been copied, but before the selection is
593     requested from the server. The selection text can be queried and changed
594     by calling <a href="#item_selection"><code>$term-&gt;selection</code></a>.
595     </dd>
596     <dd>
597     <p>Returning a true value aborts selection grabbing. It will still be hilighted.</p>
598     </dd>
599     <p></p>
600 root 1.9 <dt><strong><a name="item_on_sel_extend__24term">on_sel_extend $term</a></strong><br />
601     </dt>
602     <dd>
603     Called whenever the user tries to extend the selection (e.g. with a double
604     click) and is either supposed to return false (normal operation), or
605     should extend the selection itelf and return true to suppress the built-in
606 root 1.25 processing. This can happen multiple times, as long as the callback
607     returns true, it will be called on every further click by the user and is
608     supposed to enlarge the selection more and more, if possible.
609 root 1.9 </dd>
610     <dd>
611     <p>See the <em>selection</em> example extension.</p>
612     </dd>
613     <p></p>
614 root 1.1 <dt><strong><a name="item_on_view_change__24term_2c__24offset">on_view_change $term, $offset</a></strong><br />
615     </dt>
616     <dd>
617     Called whenever the view offset changes, i..e the user or program
618     scrolls. Offset <code>0</code> means display the normal terminal, positive values
619     show this many lines of scrollback.
620     </dd>
621     <p></p>
622     <dt><strong><a name="item_on_scroll_back__24term_2c__24lines_2c__24saved">on_scroll_back $term, $lines, $saved</a></strong><br />
623     </dt>
624     <dd>
625     Called whenever lines scroll out of the terminal area into the scrollback
626     buffer. <code>$lines</code> is the number of lines scrolled out and may be larger
627     than the scroll back buffer or the terminal.
628     </dd>
629     <dd>
630     <p>It is called before lines are scrolled out (so rows 0 .. min ($lines - 1,
631     $nrow - 1) represent the lines to be scrolled out). <code>$saved</code> is the total
632     number of lines that will be in the scrollback buffer.</p>
633     </dd>
634     <p></p>
635 root 1.11 <dt><strong><a name="item_on_osc_seq__24term_2c__24string">on_osc_seq $term, $string</a></strong><br />
636     </dt>
637     <dd>
638     Called whenever the <strong>ESC ] 777 ; string ST</strong> command sequence (OSC =
639     operating system command) is processed. Cursor position and other state
640     information is up-to-date when this happens. For interoperability, the
641     string should start with the extension name and a colon, to distinguish
642     it from commands for other extensions, and this might be enforced in the
643     future.
644     </dd>
645     <dd>
646     <p>Be careful not ever to trust (in a security sense) the data you receive,
647     as its source can not easily be controleld (e-mail content, messages from
648     other users on the same system etc.).</p>
649     </dd>
650     <p></p>
651 root 1.14 <dt><strong><a name="item_on_add_lines__24term_2c__24string">on_add_lines $term, $string</a></strong><br />
652     </dt>
653     <dd>
654     Called whenever text is about to be output, with the text as argument. You
655     can filter/change and output the text yourself by returning a true value
656     and calling <a href="#item_scr_add_lines"><code>$term-&gt;scr_add_lines</code></a> yourself. Please note that this
657     might be very slow, however, as your hook is called for <strong>all</strong> text being
658     output.
659     </dd>
660     <p></p>
661 root 1.19 <dt><strong><a name="item_on_tt_write__24term_2c__24octets">on_tt_write $term, $octets</a></strong><br />
662     </dt>
663     <dd>
664     Called whenever some data is written to the tty/pty and can be used to
665     suppress or filter tty input.
666     </dd>
667     <p></p>
668 root 1.14 <dt><strong><a name="item_on_line_update__24term_2c__24row">on_line_update $term, $row</a></strong><br />
669     </dt>
670     <dd>
671     Called whenever a line was updated or changed. Can be used to filter
672     screen output (e.g. underline urls or other useless stuff). Only lines
673     that are being shown will be filtered, and, due to performance reasons,
674     not always immediately.
675     </dd>
676     <dd>
677     <p>The row number is always the topmost row of the line if the line spans
678     multiple rows.</p>
679     </dd>
680     <dd>
681     <p>Please note that, if you change the line, then the hook might get called
682     later with the already-modified line (e.g. if unrelated parts change), so
683     you cannot just toggle rendition bits, but only set them.</p>
684     </dd>
685     <p></p>
686 root 1.1 <dt><strong><a name="item_on_refresh_begin__24term">on_refresh_begin $term</a></strong><br />
687     </dt>
688     <dd>
689     Called just before the screen gets redrawn. Can be used for overlay
690     or similar effects by modify terminal contents in refresh_begin, and
691     restoring them in refresh_end. The built-in overlay and selection display
692     code is run after this hook, and takes precedence.
693     </dd>
694     <p></p>
695     <dt><strong><a name="item_on_refresh_end__24term">on_refresh_end $term</a></strong><br />
696     </dt>
697     <dd>
698     Called just after the screen gets redrawn. See <code>on_refresh_begin</code>.
699     </dd>
700 root 1.5 <p></p>
701 root 1.39 <dt><strong><a name="item_on_user_command__24term_2c__24string">on_user_command $term, $string</a></strong><br />
702 root 1.5 </dt>
703     <dd>
704 root 1.39 Called whenever the a user-configured event is being activated (e.g. via
705     a <code>perl:string</code> action bound to a key, see description of the <strong>keysym</strong>
706 root 1.30 resource in the <code>rxvt(1)</code> manpage).
707 root 1.29 </dd>
708 root 1.39 <dd>
709     <p>The event is simply the action string. This interface is assumed to change
710     slightly in the future.</p>
711     </dd>
712 root 1.29 <p></p>
713     <dt><strong><a name="item_on_x_event__24term_2c__24event">on_x_event $term, $event</a></strong><br />
714     </dt>
715     <dd>
716     Called on every X event received on the vt window (and possibly other
717     windows). Should only be used as a last resort. Most event structure
718     members are not passed.
719 root 1.5 </dd>
720 root 1.14 <p></p>
721 root 1.15 <dt><strong><a name="item_on_focus_in__24term">on_focus_in $term</a></strong><br />
722     </dt>
723     <dd>
724     Called whenever the window gets the keyboard focus, before rxvt-unicode
725     does focus in processing.
726     </dd>
727     <p></p>
728     <dt><strong><a name="item_on_focus_out__24term">on_focus_out $term</a></strong><br />
729     </dt>
730     <dd>
731     Called wheneever the window loses keyboard focus, before rxvt-unicode does
732     focus out processing.
733     </dd>
734     <p></p>
735 root 1.33 <dt><strong><a name="item_on_configure_notify__24term_2c__24event">on_configure_notify $term, $event</a></strong><br />
736     </dt>
737 root 1.35 <dt><strong><a name="item_on_property_notify__24term_2c__24event">on_property_notify $term, $event</a></strong><br />
738     </dt>
739 root 1.19 <dt><strong><a name="item_on_key_press__24term_2c__24event_2c__24keysym_2c__">on_key_press $term, $event, $keysym, $octets</a></strong><br />
740 root 1.14 </dt>
741 root 1.19 <dt><strong><a name="item_on_key_release__24term_2c__24event_2c__24keysym">on_key_release $term, $event, $keysym</a></strong><br />
742 root 1.14 </dt>
743     <dt><strong><a name="item_on_button_press__24term_2c__24event">on_button_press $term, $event</a></strong><br />
744     </dt>
745     <dt><strong><a name="item_on_button_release__24term_2c__24event">on_button_release $term, $event</a></strong><br />
746     </dt>
747     <dt><strong><a name="item_on_motion_notify__24term_2c__24event">on_motion_notify $term, $event</a></strong><br />
748     </dt>
749 root 1.15 <dt><strong><a name="item_on_map_notify__24term_2c__24event">on_map_notify $term, $event</a></strong><br />
750     </dt>
751     <dt><strong><a name="item_on_unmap_notify__24term_2c__24event">on_unmap_notify $term, $event</a></strong><br />
752     </dt>
753 root 1.14 <dd>
754     Called whenever the corresponding X event is received for the terminal If
755     the hook returns true, then the even will be ignored by rxvt-unicode.
756     </dd>
757     <dd>
758     <p>The event is a hash with most values as named by Xlib (see the XEvent
759 root 1.35 manpage), with the additional members <code>row</code> and <code>col</code>, which are the
760     (real, not screen-based) row and column under the mouse cursor.</p>
761 root 1.14 </dd>
762     <dd>
763     <p><code>on_key_press</code> additionally receives the string rxvt-unicode would
764     output, if any, in locale-specific encoding.</p>
765     </dd>
766     <dd>
767     <p>subwindow.</p>
768     </dd>
769 root 1.34 <p></p>
770     <dt><strong><a name="item_on_client_message__24term_2c__24event">on_client_message $term, $event</a></strong><br />
771     </dt>
772     <dt><strong><a name="item_on_wm_protocols__24term_2c__24event">on_wm_protocols $term, $event</a></strong><br />
773     </dt>
774     <dt><strong><a name="item_on_wm_delete_window__24term_2c__24event">on_wm_delete_window $term, $event</a></strong><br />
775     </dt>
776     <dd>
777     Called when various types of ClientMessage events are received (all with
778     format=32, WM_PROTOCOLS or WM_PROTOCOLS:WM_DELETE_WINDOW).
779     </dd>
780 root 1.1 <p></p></dl>
781     <p>
782     </p>
783 root 1.9 <h2><a name="variables_in_the_urxvt_package">Variables in the <code>urxvt</code> Package</a></h2>
784     <dl>
785 root 1.21 <dt><strong><a name="item__24urxvt_3a_3alibdir">$urxvt::LIBDIR</a></strong><br />
786     </dt>
787     <dd>
788     The rxvt-unicode library directory, where, among other things, the perl
789     modules and scripts are stored.
790     </dd>
791     <p></p>
792     <dt><strong><a name="item__24urxvt_3a_3aresclass_2c__24urxvt_3a_3aresclass">$urxvt::RESCLASS, $urxvt::RESCLASS</a></strong><br />
793     </dt>
794     <dd>
795     The resource class and name rxvt-unicode uses to look up X resources.
796     </dd>
797     <p></p>
798     <dt><strong><a name="item__24urxvt_3a_3arxvtname">$urxvt::RXVTNAME</a></strong><br />
799     </dt>
800     <dd>
801     The basename of the installed binaries, usually <code>urxvt</code>.
802     </dd>
803     <p></p>
804 root 1.9 <dt><strong><a name="item__24urxvt_3a_3aterm">$urxvt::TERM</a></strong><br />
805     </dt>
806     <dd>
807 root 1.14 The current terminal. This variable stores the current <code>urxvt::term</code>
808     object, whenever a callback/hook is executing.
809 root 1.9 </dd>
810 root 1.34 <p></p>
811     <dt><strong><a name="item__40urxvt_3a_3aterm_init">@urxvt::TERM_INIT</a></strong><br />
812     </dt>
813     <dd>
814     All coderefs in this array will be called as methods of the next newly
815     created <code>urxvt::term</code> object (during the <code>on_init</code> phase). The array
816     gets cleared before the codereferences that were in it are being executed,
817     so coderefs can push themselves onto it again if they so desire.
818     </dd>
819     <dd>
820     <p>This complements to the perl-eval commandline option, but gets executed
821     first.</p>
822     </dd>
823     <p></p>
824     <dt><strong><a name="item__40urxvt_3a_3aterm_ext">@urxvt::TERM_EXT</a></strong><br />
825     </dt>
826     <dd>
827     Works similar to <code>@TERM_INIT</code>, but contains perl package/class names, which
828     get registered as normal extensions after calling the hooks in <code>@TERM_INIT</code>
829     but before other extensions. Gets cleared just like <code>@TERM_INIT</code>.
830     </dd>
831 root 1.23 <p></p></dl>
832 root 1.9 <p>
833     </p>
834 root 1.1 <h2><a name="functions_in_the_urxvt_package">Functions in the <code>urxvt</code> Package</a></h2>
835     <dl>
836     <dt><strong><a name="item_urxvt_3a_3afatal__24errormessage">urxvt::fatal $errormessage</a></strong><br />
837     </dt>
838     <dd>
839     Fatally aborts execution with the given error message. Avoid at all
840     costs! The only time this is acceptable is when the terminal process
841     starts up.
842     </dd>
843     <p></p>
844     <dt><strong><a name="item_urxvt_3a_3awarn__24string">urxvt::warn $string</a></strong><br />
845     </dt>
846     <dd>
847 root 1.3 Calls <code>rxvt_warn</code> with the given string which should not include a
848 root 1.1 newline. The module also overwrites the <code>warn</code> builtin with a function
849     that calls this function.
850     </dd>
851     <dd>
852     <p>Using this function has the advantage that its output ends up in the
853     correct place, e.g. on stderr of the connecting urxvtc client.</p>
854     </dd>
855 root 1.22 <dd>
856     <p>Messages have a size limit of 1023 bytes currently.</p>
857     </dd>
858 root 1.1 <p></p>
859 root 1.40 <dt><strong><a name="item__40terms__3d_urxvt_3a_3atermlist">@terms = urxvt::termlist</a></strong><br />
860     </dt>
861     <dd>
862     Returns all urxvt::term objects that exist in this process, regardless of
863     wether they are started, being destroyed etc., so be careful. Only term
864     objects that have perl extensions attached will be returned (because there
865     is no urxvt::term objet associated with others).
866     </dd>
867     <p></p>
868 root 1.1 <dt><strong><a name="item__24time__3d_urxvt_3a_3anow">$time = urxvt::NOW</a></strong><br />
869     </dt>
870     <dd>
871     Returns the ``current time'' (as per the event loop).
872     </dd>
873 root 1.15 <p></p>
874     <dt><strong><a name="item_urxvt_3a_3acurrenttime">urxvt::CurrentTime</a></strong><br />
875     </dt>
876     <dt><strong><a name="item_urxvt_3a_3ashiftmask_2c_lockmask_2c_controlmask_2c">urxvt::ShiftMask, LockMask, ControlMask, Mod1Mask, Mod2Mask,
877     Mod3Mask, Mod4Mask, Mod5Mask, Button1Mask, Button2Mask, Button3Mask,
878     Button4Mask, Button5Mask, AnyModifier</a></strong><br />
879     </dt>
880 root 1.29 <dt><strong><a name="item_urxvt_3a_3anoeventmask_2c_keypressmask_2c_keyrelea">urxvt::NoEventMask, KeyPressMask, KeyReleaseMask,
881     ButtonPressMask, ButtonReleaseMask, EnterWindowMask, LeaveWindowMask,
882     PointerMotionMask, PointerMotionHintMask, Button1MotionMask, Button2MotionMask,
883     Button3MotionMask, Button4MotionMask, Button5MotionMask, ButtonMotionMask,
884     KeymapStateMask, ExposureMask, VisibilityChangeMask, StructureNotifyMask,
885     ResizeRedirectMask, SubstructureNotifyMask, SubstructureRedirectMask,
886     FocusChangeMask, PropertyChangeMask, ColormapChangeMask, OwnerGrabButtonMask</a></strong><br />
887     </dt>
888     <dt><strong><a name="item_urxvt_3a_3akeypress_2c_keyrelease_2c_buttonpress_2">urxvt::KeyPress, KeyRelease, ButtonPress, ButtonRelease, MotionNotify,
889     EnterNotify, LeaveNotify, FocusIn, FocusOut, KeymapNotify, Expose,
890     GraphicsExpose, NoExpose, VisibilityNotify, CreateNotify, DestroyNotify,
891     UnmapNotify, MapNotify, MapRequest, ReparentNotify, ConfigureNotify,
892     ConfigureRequest, GravityNotify, ResizeRequest, CirculateNotify,
893     CirculateRequest, PropertyNotify, SelectionClear, SelectionRequest,
894     SelectionNotify, ColormapNotify, ClientMessage, MappingNotify</a></strong><br />
895     </dt>
896 root 1.15 <dd>
897 root 1.16 Various constants for use in X calls and event processing.
898 root 1.15 </dd>
899 root 1.1 <p></p></dl>
900     <p>
901     </p>
902 root 1.8 <h2><a name="rendition">RENDITION</a></h2>
903     <p>Rendition bitsets contain information about colour, font, font styles and
904     similar information for each screen cell.</p>
905     <p>The following ``macros'' deal with changes in rendition sets. You should
906     never just create a bitset, you should always modify an existing one,
907     as they contain important information required for correct operation of
908     rxvt-unicode.</p>
909     <dl>
910     <dt><strong><a name="item__24rend__3d_urxvt_3a_3adefault_rstyle">$rend = urxvt::DEFAULT_RSTYLE</a></strong><br />
911     </dt>
912     <dd>
913     Returns the default rendition, as used when the terminal is starting up or
914     being reset. Useful as a base to start when creating renditions.
915     </dd>
916     <p></p>
917     <dt><strong><a name="item__24rend__3d_urxvt_3a_3aoverlay_rstyle">$rend = urxvt::OVERLAY_RSTYLE</a></strong><br />
918     </dt>
919     <dd>
920     Return the rendition mask used for overlays by default.
921     </dd>
922     <p></p>
923     <dt><strong><a name="item__24rendbit__3d_urxvt_3a_3ars_bold_2c_rs_italic_2c_">$rendbit = urxvt::RS_Bold, RS_Italic, RS_Blink, RS_RVid, RS_Uline</a></strong><br />
924     </dt>
925     <dd>
926     Return the bit that enabled bold, italic, blink, reverse-video and
927     underline, respectively. To enable such a style, just logically OR it into
928     the bitset.
929     </dd>
930     <p></p>
931     <dt><strong><a name="item__24foreground__3d_urxvt_3a_3aget_basefg__24rend">$foreground = urxvt::GET_BASEFG $rend</a></strong><br />
932     </dt>
933     <dt><strong><a name="item__24background__3d_urxvt_3a_3aget_basebg__24rend">$background = urxvt::GET_BASEBG $rend</a></strong><br />
934     </dt>
935     <dd>
936     Return the foreground/background colour index, respectively.
937     </dd>
938     <p></p>
939 root 1.21 <dt><strong><a name="item__24rend__3d_urxvt_3a_3aset_fgcolor__24rend_2c__24n">$rend = urxvt::SET_FGCOLOR $rend, $new_colour</a></strong><br />
940 root 1.8 </dt>
941 root 1.21 <dt><strong><a name="item__24rend__3d_urxvt_3a_3aset_bgcolor__24rend_2c__24n">$rend = urxvt::SET_BGCOLOR $rend, $new_colour</a></strong><br />
942 root 1.8 </dt>
943 root 1.41 <dt><strong><a name="item__24rend__3d_urxvt_3a_3aset_color__24rend_2c__24new">$rend = urxvt::SET_COLOR $rend, $new_fg, $new_bg</a></strong><br />
944     </dt>
945 root 1.8 <dd>
946     Replace the foreground/background colour in the rendition mask with the
947     specified one.
948     </dd>
949     <p></p>
950 root 1.21 <dt><strong><a name="item__24value__3d_urxvt_3a_3aget_custom__24rend">$value = urxvt::GET_CUSTOM $rend</a></strong><br />
951 root 1.8 </dt>
952     <dd>
953     Return the ``custom'' value: Every rendition has 5 bits for use by
954     extensions. They can be set and changed as you like and are initially
955     zero.
956     </dd>
957     <p></p>
958 root 1.21 <dt><strong><a name="item__24rend__3d_urxvt_3a_3aset_custom__24rend_2c__24ne">$rend = urxvt::SET_CUSTOM $rend, $new_value</a></strong><br />
959 root 1.8 </dt>
960     <dd>
961     Change the custom value.
962     </dd>
963     <p></p></dl>
964     <p>
965     </p>
966 root 1.16 <h2><a name="the_urxvt__anyevent_class">The <code>urxvt::anyevent</code> Class</a></h2>
967     <p>The sole purpose of this class is to deliver an interface to the
968     <code>AnyEvent</code> module - any module using it will work inside urxvt without
969 root 1.21 further programming. The only exception is that you cannot wait on
970     condition variables, but non-blocking condvar use is ok. What this means
971     is that you cannot use blocking APIs, but the non-blocking variant should
972     work.</p>
973 root 1.16 <p>
974     </p>
975 root 1.1 <h2><a name="the_urxvt__term_class">The <code>urxvt::term</code> Class</a></h2>
976     <dl>
977 root 1.22 <dt><strong><a name="item__24term__3d_new_urxvt_3a_3aterm__24envhashref_2c__">$term = new urxvt::term $envhashref, $rxvtname, [arg...]</a></strong><br />
978     </dt>
979     <dd>
980     Creates a new terminal, very similar as if you had started it with system
981 root 1.23 <code>$rxvtname, arg...</code>. <code>$envhashref</code> must be a reference to a <code>%ENV</code>-like
982     hash which defines the environment of the new terminal.
983 root 1.22 </dd>
984     <dd>
985 root 1.23 <p>Croaks (and probably outputs an error message) if the new instance
986 root 1.22 couldn't be created. Returns <code>undef</code> if the new instance didn't
987     initialise perl, and the terminal object otherwise. The <code>init</code> and
988 root 1.40 <a href="#item_start"><code>start</code></a> hooks will be called before this call returns, and are free to
989     refer to global data (which is race free).</p>
990 root 1.22 </dd>
991     <p></p>
992 root 1.14 <dt><strong><a name="item_destroy">$term-&gt;destroy</a></strong><br />
993     </dt>
994     <dd>
995 root 1.21 Destroy the terminal object (close the window, free resources
996 root 1.30 etc.). Please note that rxvt will not exit as long as any event
997 root 1.21 watchers (timers, io watchers) are still active.
998 root 1.14 </dd>
999     <p></p>
1000 root 1.33 <dt><strong><a name="item_exec_async">$term-&gt;exec_async ($cmd[, @args])</a></strong><br />
1001     </dt>
1002     <dd>
1003     Works like the combination of the <code>fork</code>/<code>exec</code> builtins, which executes
1004     (``starts'') programs in the background. This function takes care of setting
1005     the user environment before exec'ing the command (e.g. <code>PATH</code>) and should
1006     be preferred over explicit calls to <code>exec</code> or <code>system</code>.
1007     </dd>
1008     <dd>
1009     <p>Returns the pid of the subprocess or <code>undef</code> on error.</p>
1010     </dd>
1011     <p></p>
1012 root 1.15 <dt><strong><a name="item_option">$isset = $term-&gt;option ($optval[, $set])</a></strong><br />
1013     </dt>
1014     <dd>
1015     Returns true if the option specified by <code>$optval</code> is enabled, and
1016     optionally change it. All option values are stored by name in the hash
1017     <code>%urxvt::OPTION</code>. Options not enabled in this binary are not in the hash.
1018     </dd>
1019     <dd>
1020     <p>Here is a a likely non-exhaustive list of option names, please see the
1021     source file <em>/src/optinc.h</em> to see the actual list:</p>
1022     </dd>
1023     <dd>
1024     <pre>
1025     borderLess console cursorBlink cursorUnderline hold iconic insecure
1026     intensityStyles jumpScroll loginShell mapAlert meta8 mouseWheelScrollPage
1027 root 1.33 override-redirect pastableTabs pointerBlank reverseVideo scrollBar
1028     scrollBar_floating scrollBar_right scrollTtyKeypress scrollTtyOutput
1029     scrollWithBuffer secondaryScreen secondaryScroll skipBuiltinGlyphs
1030     transparent tripleclickwords utmpInhibit visualBell</pre>
1031 root 1.15 </dd>
1032     <p></p>
1033 root 1.2 <dt><strong><a name="item_resource">$value = $term-&gt;resource ($name[, $newval])</a></strong><br />
1034     </dt>
1035     <dd>
1036     Returns the current resource value associated with a given name and
1037     optionally sets a new value. Setting values is most useful in the <code>init</code>
1038     hook. Unset resources are returned and accepted as <code>undef</code>.
1039     </dd>
1040     <dd>
1041     <p>The new value must be properly encoded to a suitable character encoding
1042     before passing it to this method. Similarly, the returned value may need
1043     to be converted from the used encoding to text.</p>
1044     </dd>
1045     <dd>
1046     <p>Resource names are as defined in <em>src/rsinc.h</em>. Colours can be specified
1047     as resource names of the form <code>color+&lt;index&gt;</code>, e.g. <code>color+5</code>. (will
1048     likely change).</p>
1049     </dd>
1050     <dd>
1051     <p>Please note that resource strings will currently only be freed when the
1052     terminal is destroyed, so changing options frequently will eat memory.</p>
1053     </dd>
1054     <dd>
1055     <p>Here is a a likely non-exhaustive list of resource names, not all of which
1056 root 1.15 are supported in every build, please see the source file <em>/src/rsinc.h</em>
1057     to see the actual list:</p>
1058 root 1.2 </dd>
1059     <dd>
1060     <pre>
1061     answerbackstring backgroundPixmap backspace_key boldFont boldItalicFont
1062     borderLess color cursorBlink cursorUnderline cutchars delete_key
1063     display_name embed ext_bwidth fade font geometry hold iconName
1064     imFont imLocale inputMethod insecure int_bwidth intensityStyles
1065 root 1.33 italicFont jumpScroll lineSpace loginShell mapAlert meta8 modifier
1066     mouseWheelScrollPage name override_redirect pastableTabs path perl_eval
1067     perl_ext_1 perl_ext_2 perl_lib pointerBlank pointerBlankDelay
1068     preeditType print_pipe pty_fd reverseVideo saveLines scrollBar
1069     scrollBar_align scrollBar_floating scrollBar_right scrollBar_thickness
1070     scrollTtyKeypress scrollTtyOutput scrollWithBuffer scrollstyle
1071     secondaryScreen secondaryScroll selectstyle shade term_name title
1072     transient_for transparent transparent_all tripleclickwords utmpInhibit
1073     visualBell</pre>
1074 root 1.2 </dd>
1075     <p></p>
1076 root 1.24 <dt><strong><a name="item_x_resource">$value = $term-&gt;x_resource ($pattern)</a></strong><br />
1077     </dt>
1078     <dd>
1079     Returns the X-Resource for the given pattern, excluding the program or
1080     class name, i.e. <a href="#item_x_resource"><code>$term-&gt;x_resource (&quot;boldFont&quot;)</code></a> should return the
1081     same value as used by this instance of rxvt-unicode. Returns <code>undef</code> if no
1082     resource with that pattern exists.
1083     </dd>
1084     <dd>
1085     <p>This method should only be called during the <code>on_start</code> hook, as there is
1086     only one resource database per display, and later invocations might return
1087     the wrong resources.</p>
1088     </dd>
1089     <p></p>
1090 root 1.19 <dt><strong><a name="item_parse_keysym">$success = $term-&gt;parse_keysym ($keysym_spec, $command_string)</a></strong><br />
1091     </dt>
1092     <dd>
1093     Adds a keymap translation exactly as specified via a resource. See the
1094 root 1.30 <code>keysym</code> resource in the <code>rxvt(1)</code> manpage.
1095 root 1.19 </dd>
1096     <p></p>
1097 root 1.14 <dt><strong><a name="item_rstyle">$rend = $term-&gt;rstyle ([$new_rstyle])</a></strong><br />
1098 root 1.13 </dt>
1099     <dd>
1100 root 1.14 Return and optionally change the current rendition. Text that is output by
1101     the terminal application will use this style.
1102 root 1.13 </dd>
1103     <p></p>
1104     <dt><strong><a name="item_screen_cur">($row, $col) = $term-&gt;screen_cur ([$row, $col])</a></strong><br />
1105     </dt>
1106     <dd>
1107     Return the current coordinates of the text cursor position and optionally
1108     set it (which is usually bad as applications don't expect that).
1109     </dd>
1110     <p></p>
1111 root 1.1 <dt><strong><a name="item_selection_mark">($row, $col) = $term-&gt;selection_mark ([$row, $col])</a></strong><br />
1112     </dt>
1113     <dt><strong><a name="item_selection_beg">($row, $col) = $term-&gt;selection_beg ([$row, $col])</a></strong><br />
1114     </dt>
1115     <dt><strong><a name="item_selection_end">($row, $col) = $term-&gt;selection_end ([$row, $col])</a></strong><br />
1116     </dt>
1117     <dd>
1118     Return the current values of the selection mark, begin or end positions,
1119     and optionally set them to new values.
1120     </dd>
1121     <p></p>
1122 root 1.25 <dt><strong><a name="item_selection_make">$term-&gt;selection_make ($eventtime[, $rectangular])</a></strong><br />
1123     </dt>
1124     <dd>
1125     Tries to make a selection as set by <a href="#item_selection_beg"><code>selection_beg</code></a> and
1126     <a href="#item_selection_end"><code>selection_end</code></a>. If <code>$rectangular</code> is true (default: false), a
1127     rectangular selection will be made. This is the prefered function to make
1128     a selection.
1129     </dd>
1130     <p></p>
1131 root 1.1 <dt><strong><a name="item_selection_grab">$success = $term-&gt;selection_grab ($eventtime)</a></strong><br />
1132     </dt>
1133     <dd>
1134 root 1.25 Try to request the primary selection text from the server (for example, as
1135     set by the next method). No visual feedback will be given. This function
1136     is mostly useful from within <code>on_sel_grab</code> hooks.
1137 root 1.1 </dd>
1138     <p></p>
1139 root 1.6 <dt><strong>$oldtext = $term-&gt;selection ([$newtext])</strong><br />
1140 root 1.1 </dt>
1141     <dd>
1142     Return the current selection text and optionally replace it by <code>$newtext</code>.
1143     </dd>
1144 root 1.19 <p></p>
1145     <dt><strong><a name="item_overlay_simple">$term-&gt;overlay_simple ($x, $y, $text)</a></strong><br />
1146     </dt>
1147 root 1.1 <dd>
1148 root 1.19 Create a simple multi-line overlay box. See the next method for details.
1149 root 1.1 </dd>
1150     <p></p>
1151 root 1.8 <dt><strong><a name="item_overlay">$term-&gt;overlay ($x, $y, $width, $height[, $rstyle[, $border]])</a></strong><br />
1152 root 1.1 </dt>
1153     <dd>
1154     Create a new (empty) overlay at the given position with the given
1155 root 1.8 width/height. <code>$rstyle</code> defines the initial rendition style
1156     (default: <code>OVERLAY_RSTYLE</code>).
1157     </dd>
1158     <dd>
1159     <p>If <code>$border</code> is <code>2</code> (default), then a decorative border will be put
1160     around the box.</p>
1161     </dd>
1162     <dd>
1163     <p>If either <code>$x</code> or <code>$y</code> is negative, then this is counted from the
1164     right/bottom side, respectively.</p>
1165 root 1.1 </dd>
1166     <dd>
1167 root 1.8 <p>This method returns an urxvt::overlay object. The overlay will be visible
1168     as long as the perl object is referenced.</p>
1169 root 1.1 </dd>
1170     <dd>
1171 root 1.9 <p>The methods currently supported on <code>urxvt::overlay</code> objects are:</p>
1172 root 1.1 </dd>
1173 root 1.9 <dl>
1174 root 1.8 <dt><strong><a name="item_set">$overlay-&gt;set ($x, $y, $text, $rend)</a></strong><br />
1175 root 1.1 </dt>
1176     <dd>
1177 root 1.8 Similar to <a href="#item_row_t"><code>$term-&gt;ROW_t</code></a> and <a href="#item_row_r"><code>$term-&gt;ROW_r</code></a> in that it puts
1178     text in rxvt-unicode's special encoding and an array of rendition values
1179     at a specific position inside the overlay.
1180 root 1.1 </dd>
1181 root 1.3 <p></p>
1182 root 1.9 <dt><strong><a name="item_hide">$overlay-&gt;hide</a></strong><br />
1183     </dt>
1184     <dd>
1185     If visible, hide the overlay, but do not destroy it.
1186     </dd>
1187     <p></p>
1188     <dt><strong><a name="item_show">$overlay-&gt;show</a></strong><br />
1189     </dt>
1190     <dd>
1191     If hidden, display the overlay again.
1192     </dd>
1193     <p></p></dl>
1194 root 1.16 <dt><strong>$popup = $term-&gt;popup ($event)</strong><br />
1195 root 1.15 </dt>
1196     <dd>
1197     Creates a new <code>urxvt::popup</code> object that implements a popup menu. The
1198     <code>$event</code> <em>must</em> be the event causing the menu to pop up (a button event,
1199     currently).
1200     </dd>
1201     <p></p>
1202 root 1.14 <dt><strong><a name="item_strwidth">$cellwidth = $term-&gt;strwidth ($string)</a></strong><br />
1203 root 1.3 </dt>
1204     <dd>
1205     Returns the number of screen-cells this string would need. Correctly
1206     accounts for wide and combining characters.
1207     </dd>
1208     <p></p>
1209 root 1.14 <dt><strong><a name="item_locale_encode">$octets = $term-&gt;locale_encode ($string)</a></strong><br />
1210 root 1.3 </dt>
1211     <dd>
1212     Convert the given text string into the corresponding locale encoding.
1213     </dd>
1214     <p></p>
1215 root 1.14 <dt><strong><a name="item_locale_decode">$string = $term-&gt;locale_decode ($octets)</a></strong><br />
1216 root 1.3 </dt>
1217     <dd>
1218     Convert the given locale-encoded octets into a perl string.
1219     </dd>
1220     <p></p>
1221 root 1.19 <dt><strong><a name="item_scr_xor_span">$term-&gt;scr_xor_span ($beg_row, $beg_col, $end_row, $end_col[, $rstyle])</a></strong><br />
1222     </dt>
1223     <dd>
1224     XORs the rendition values in the given span with the provided value
1225 root 1.25 (default: <code>RS_RVid</code>), which <em>MUST NOT</em> contain font styles. Useful in
1226     refresh hooks to provide effects similar to the selection.
1227 root 1.19 </dd>
1228     <p></p>
1229     <dt><strong><a name="item_scr_xor_rect">$term-&gt;scr_xor_rect ($beg_row, $beg_col, $end_row, $end_col[, $rstyle1[, $rstyle2]])</a></strong><br />
1230     </dt>
1231     <dd>
1232     Similar to <a href="#item_scr_xor_span"><code>scr_xor_span</code></a>, but xors a rectangle instead. Trailing
1233     whitespace will additionally be xored with the <code>$rstyle2</code>, which defaults
1234     to <code>RS_RVid | RS_Uline</code>, which removes reverse video again and underlines
1235 root 1.25 it instead. Both styles <em>MUST NOT</em> contain font styles.
1236 root 1.19 </dd>
1237     <p></p>
1238     <dt><strong><a name="item_scr_bell">$term-&gt;scr_bell</a></strong><br />
1239     </dt>
1240     <dd>
1241     Ring the bell!
1242     </dd>
1243     <p></p>
1244 root 1.14 <dt><strong><a name="item_scr_add_lines">$term-&gt;scr_add_lines ($string)</a></strong><br />
1245     </dt>
1246     <dd>
1247     Write the given text string to the screen, as if output by the application
1248     running inside the terminal. It may not contain command sequences (escape
1249     codes), but is free to use line feeds, carriage returns and tabs. The
1250     string is a normal text string, not in locale-dependent encoding.
1251     </dd>
1252     <dd>
1253     <p>Normally its not a good idea to use this function, as programs might be
1254     confused by changes in cursor position or scrolling. Its useful inside a
1255     <code>on_add_lines</code> hook, though.</p>
1256     </dd>
1257     <p></p>
1258 root 1.35 <dt><strong><a name="item_scr_change_screen">$term-&gt;scr_change_screen ($screen)</a></strong><br />
1259     </dt>
1260     <dd>
1261     Switch to given screen - 0 primary, 1 secondary.
1262     </dd>
1263     <p></p>
1264 root 1.14 <dt><strong><a name="item_cmd_parse">$term-&gt;cmd_parse ($octets)</a></strong><br />
1265     </dt>
1266     <dd>
1267     Similar to <a href="#item_scr_add_lines"><code>scr_add_lines</code></a>, but the argument must be in the
1268     locale-specific encoding of the terminal and can contain command sequences
1269     (escape codes) that will be interpreted.
1270     </dd>
1271     <p></p>
1272 root 1.3 <dt><strong><a name="item_tt_write">$term-&gt;tt_write ($octets)</a></strong><br />
1273     </dt>
1274     <dd>
1275     Write the octets given in <code>$data</code> to the tty (i.e. as program input). To
1276 root 1.6 pass characters instead of octets, you should convert your strings first
1277     to the locale-specific encoding using <a href="#item_locale_encode"><code>$term-&gt;locale_encode</code></a>.
1278     </dd>
1279     <p></p>
1280 root 1.19 <dt><strong><a name="item_pty_ev_events">$old_events = $term-&gt;pty_ev_events ([$new_events])</a></strong><br />
1281     </dt>
1282     <dd>
1283     Replaces the event mask of the pty watcher by the given event mask. Can
1284     be used to suppress input and output handling to the pty/tty. See the
1285     description of <a href="#item_events"><code>urxvt::timer-&gt;events</code></a>. Make sure to always restore
1286     the previous value.
1287     </dd>
1288     <p></p>
1289 root 1.37 <dt><strong><a name="item_pty_fd">$fd = $term-&gt;pty_fd</a></strong><br />
1290     </dt>
1291     <dd>
1292     Returns the master file descriptor for the pty in use, or <code>-1</code> if no pty
1293     is used.
1294     </dd>
1295     <p></p>
1296 root 1.14 <dt><strong><a name="item_parent">$windowid = $term-&gt;parent</a></strong><br />
1297     </dt>
1298     <dd>
1299     Return the window id of the toplevel window.
1300     </dd>
1301     <p></p>
1302     <dt><strong><a name="item_vt">$windowid = $term-&gt;vt</a></strong><br />
1303     </dt>
1304     <dd>
1305     Return the window id of the terminal window.
1306     </dd>
1307     <p></p>
1308 root 1.29 <dt><strong><a name="item_vt_emask_add">$term-&gt;vt_emask_add ($x_event_mask)</a></strong><br />
1309     </dt>
1310     <dd>
1311     Adds the specified events to the vt event mask. Useful e.g. when you want
1312     to receive pointer events all the times:
1313     </dd>
1314     <dd>
1315     <pre>
1316     $term-&gt;vt_emask_add (urxvt::PointerMotionMask);</pre>
1317     </dd>
1318     <p></p>
1319 root 1.41 <dt><strong><a name="item_focus_in">$term-&gt;focus_in</a></strong><br />
1320     </dt>
1321     <dt><strong><a name="item_focus_out">$term-&gt;focus_out</a></strong><br />
1322     </dt>
1323     <dt><strong><a name="item_key_press">$term-&gt;key_press ($state, $keycode[, $time])</a></strong><br />
1324     </dt>
1325     <dt><strong><a name="item_key_release">$term-&gt;key_release ($state, $keycode[, $time])</a></strong><br />
1326     </dt>
1327     <dd>
1328     Deliver various fake events to to terminal.
1329     </dd>
1330     <p></p>
1331 root 1.13 <dt><strong><a name="item_width">$window_width = $term-&gt;width</a></strong><br />
1332     </dt>
1333     <dt><strong><a name="item_height">$window_height = $term-&gt;height</a></strong><br />
1334     </dt>
1335     <dt><strong><a name="item_fwidth">$font_width = $term-&gt;fwidth</a></strong><br />
1336 root 1.6 </dt>
1337 root 1.13 <dt><strong><a name="item_fheight">$font_height = $term-&gt;fheight</a></strong><br />
1338 root 1.6 </dt>
1339 root 1.13 <dt><strong><a name="item_fbase">$font_ascent = $term-&gt;fbase</a></strong><br />
1340     </dt>
1341     <dt><strong><a name="item_nrow">$terminal_rows = $term-&gt;nrow</a></strong><br />
1342     </dt>
1343     <dt><strong><a name="item_ncol">$terminal_columns = $term-&gt;ncol</a></strong><br />
1344     </dt>
1345     <dt><strong><a name="item_focus">$has_focus = $term-&gt;focus</a></strong><br />
1346     </dt>
1347     <dt><strong><a name="item_mapped">$is_mapped = $term-&gt;mapped</a></strong><br />
1348     </dt>
1349     <dt><strong><a name="item_savelines">$max_scrollback = $term-&gt;saveLines</a></strong><br />
1350     </dt>
1351     <dt><strong><a name="item_total_rows">$nrow_plus_saveLines = $term-&gt;total_rows</a></strong><br />
1352     </dt>
1353 root 1.30 <dt><strong><a name="item_top_row">$topmost_scrollback_row = $term-&gt;top_row</a></strong><br />
1354 root 1.6 </dt>
1355     <dd>
1356 root 1.13 Return various integers describing terminal characteristics.
1357 root 1.6 </dd>
1358     <p></p>
1359 root 1.22 <dt><strong><a name="item_display_id">$x_display = $term-&gt;display_id</a></strong><br />
1360     </dt>
1361     <dd>
1362     Return the DISPLAY used by rxvt-unicode.
1363     </dd>
1364     <p></p>
1365 root 1.19 <dt><strong><a name="item_locale">$lc_ctype = $term-&gt;locale</a></strong><br />
1366     </dt>
1367     <dd>
1368     Returns the LC_CTYPE category string used by this rxvt-unicode.
1369     </dd>
1370     <p></p>
1371 root 1.22 <dt><strong><a name="item_env">$env = $term-&gt;env</a></strong><br />
1372 root 1.19 </dt>
1373     <dd>
1374 root 1.22 Returns a copy of the environment in effect for the terminal as a hashref
1375     similar to <code>\%ENV</code>.
1376 root 1.19 </dd>
1377     <p></p>
1378 root 1.15 <dt><strong><a name="item_modlevel3mask">$modifiermask = $term-&gt;ModLevel3Mask</a></strong><br />
1379     </dt>
1380     <dt><strong><a name="item_modmetamask">$modifiermask = $term-&gt;ModMetaMask</a></strong><br />
1381     </dt>
1382     <dt><strong><a name="item_modnumlockmask">$modifiermask = $term-&gt;ModNumLockMask</a></strong><br />
1383     </dt>
1384     <dd>
1385     Return the modifier masks corresponding to the ``ISO Level 3 Shift'' (often
1386     AltGr), the meta key (often Alt) and the num lock key, if applicable.
1387     </dd>
1388     <p></p>
1389 root 1.35 <dt><strong><a name="item_current_screen">$screen = $term-&gt;current_screen</a></strong><br />
1390     </dt>
1391     <dd>
1392     Returns the currently displayed screen (0 primary, 1 secondary).
1393     </dd>
1394     <p></p>
1395 root 1.36 <dt><strong><a name="item_hidden_cursor">$cursor_is_hidden = $term-&gt;hidden_cursor</a></strong><br />
1396     </dt>
1397     <dd>
1398     Returns wether the cursor is currently hidden or not.
1399     </dd>
1400     <p></p>
1401 root 1.6 <dt><strong><a name="item_view_start">$view_start = $term-&gt;view_start ([$newvalue])</a></strong><br />
1402     </dt>
1403     <dd>
1404 root 1.30 Returns the row number of the topmost displayed line. Maximum value is
1405     <code>0</code>, which displays the normal terminal contents. Lower values scroll
1406 root 1.6 this many lines into the scrollback buffer.
1407     </dd>
1408     <p></p>
1409     <dt><strong><a name="item_want_refresh">$term-&gt;want_refresh</a></strong><br />
1410     </dt>
1411     <dd>
1412     Requests a screen refresh. At the next opportunity, rxvt-unicode will
1413     compare the on-screen display with its stored representation. If they
1414     differ, it redraws the differences.
1415     </dd>
1416     <dd>
1417     <p>Used after changing terminal contents to display them.</p>
1418     </dd>
1419     <p></p>
1420     <dt><strong><a name="item_row_t">$text = $term-&gt;ROW_t ($row_number[, $new_text[, $start_col]])</a></strong><br />
1421     </dt>
1422     <dd>
1423     Returns the text of the entire row with number <code>$row_number</code>. Row <code>0</code>
1424     is the topmost terminal line, row <code>$term-&gt;$ncol-1</code> is the bottommost
1425     terminal line. The scrollback buffer starts at line <code>-1</code> and extends to
1426 root 1.30 line <code>-$term-&gt;nsaved</code>. Nothing will be returned if a nonexistent line
1427 root 1.9 is requested.
1428 root 1.6 </dd>
1429     <dd>
1430     <p>If <code>$new_text</code> is specified, it will replace characters in the current
1431     line, starting at column <code>$start_col</code> (default <code>0</code>), which is useful
1432 root 1.8 to replace only parts of a line. The font index in the rendition will
1433 root 1.6 automatically be updated.</p>
1434     </dd>
1435     <dd>
1436 root 1.37 <p><a href="#item__24text"><code>$text</code></a> is in a special encoding: tabs and wide characters that use more
1437     than one cell when displayed are padded with <code>$urxvt::NOCHAR</code> (chr 65535)
1438 root 1.35 characters. Characters with combining characters and other characters that
1439     do not fit into the normal tetx encoding will be replaced with characters
1440     in the private use area.</p>
1441 root 1.6 </dd>
1442     <dd>
1443     <p>You have to obey this encoding when changing text. The advantage is
1444     that <code>substr</code> and similar functions work on screen cells and not on
1445     characters.</p>
1446     </dd>
1447     <dd>
1448 root 1.17 <p>The methods <a href="#item_special_encode"><code>$term-&gt;special_encode</code></a> and <a href="#item_special_decode"><code>$term-&gt;special_decode</code></a>
1449 root 1.6 can be used to convert normal strings into this encoding and vice versa.</p>
1450     </dd>
1451     <p></p>
1452     <dt><strong><a name="item_row_r">$rend = $term-&gt;ROW_r ($row_number[, $new_rend[, $start_col]])</a></strong><br />
1453     </dt>
1454     <dd>
1455     Like <a href="#item_row_t"><code>$term-&gt;ROW_t</code></a>, but returns an arrayref with rendition
1456     bitsets. Rendition bitsets contain information about colour, font, font
1457     styles and similar information. See also <a href="#item_row_t"><code>$term-&gt;ROW_t</code></a>.
1458     </dd>
1459     <dd>
1460     <p>When setting rendition, the font mask will be ignored.</p>
1461     </dd>
1462     <dd>
1463 root 1.8 <p>See the section on RENDITION, above.</p>
1464 root 1.6 </dd>
1465     <p></p>
1466     <dt><strong><a name="item_row_l">$length = $term-&gt;ROW_l ($row_number[, $new_length])</a></strong><br />
1467     </dt>
1468     <dd>
1469 root 1.9 Returns the number of screen cells that are in use (``the line
1470     length''). Unlike the urxvt core, this returns <a href="#item_ncol"><code>$term-&gt;ncol</code></a> if the
1471     line is joined with the following one.
1472     </dd>
1473     <p></p>
1474     <dt><strong><a name="item_is_longer">$bool = $term-&gt;is_longer ($row_number)</a></strong><br />
1475     </dt>
1476     <dd>
1477     Returns true if the row is part of a multiple-row logical ``line'' (i.e.
1478     joined with the following row), which means all characters are in use
1479     and it is continued on the next row (and possibly a continuation of the
1480     previous row(s)).
1481 root 1.6 </dd>
1482     <p></p>
1483 root 1.9 <dt><strong><a name="item_line">$line = $term-&gt;line ($row_number)</a></strong><br />
1484     </dt>
1485     <dd>
1486     Create and return a new <code>urxvt::line</code> object that stores information
1487     about the logical line that row <code>$row_number</code> is part of. It supports the
1488     following methods:
1489     </dd>
1490     <dl>
1491 root 1.14 <dt><strong><a name="item_t">$text = $line-&gt;t ([$new_text])</a></strong><br />
1492 root 1.9 </dt>
1493     <dd>
1494 root 1.14 Returns or replaces the full text of the line, similar to <a href="#item_row_t"><code>ROW_t</code></a>
1495 root 1.9 </dd>
1496     <p></p>
1497 root 1.14 <dt><strong><a name="item_r">$rend = $line-&gt;r ([$new_rend])</a></strong><br />
1498 root 1.9 </dt>
1499     <dd>
1500 root 1.14 Returns or replaces the full rendition array of the line, similar to <a href="#item_row_r"><code>ROW_r</code></a>
1501 root 1.9 </dd>
1502     <p></p>
1503     <dt><strong><a name="item_l">$length = $line-&gt;l</a></strong><br />
1504     </dt>
1505     <dd>
1506     Returns the length of the line in cells, similar to <a href="#item_row_l"><code>ROW_l</code></a>.
1507     </dd>
1508     <p></p>
1509     <dt><strong><a name="item_beg">$rownum = $line-&gt;beg</a></strong><br />
1510     </dt>
1511     <dt><strong><a name="item_end">$rownum = $line-&gt;end</a></strong><br />
1512     </dt>
1513     <dd>
1514     Return the row number of the first/last row of the line, respectively.
1515     </dd>
1516     <p></p>
1517     <dt><strong><a name="item_offset_of">$offset = $line-&gt;offset_of ($row, $col)</a></strong><br />
1518     </dt>
1519     <dd>
1520     Returns the character offset of the given row|col pair within the logical
1521 root 1.25 line. Works for rows outside the line, too, and returns corresponding
1522     offsets outside the string.
1523 root 1.9 </dd>
1524     <p></p>
1525     <dt><strong><a name="item_coord_of">($row, $col) = $line-&gt;coord_of ($offset)</a></strong><br />
1526     </dt>
1527     <dd>
1528     Translates a string offset into terminal coordinates again.
1529     </dd>
1530     <p></p></dl>
1531 root 1.17 <dt><strong><a name="item_special_encode">$text = $term-&gt;special_encode $string</a></strong><br />
1532 root 1.6 </dt>
1533     <dd>
1534     Converts a perl string into the special encoding used by rxvt-unicode,
1535     where one character corresponds to one screen cell. See
1536     <a href="#item_row_t"><code>$term-&gt;ROW_t</code></a> for details.
1537     </dd>
1538     <p></p>
1539     <dt><strong><a name="item_special_decode">$string = $term-&gt;special_decode $text</a></strong><br />
1540     </dt>
1541     <dd>
1542     Converts rxvt-unicodes text reprsentation into a perl string. See
1543     <a href="#item_row_t"><code>$term-&gt;ROW_t</code></a> for details.
1544     </dd>
1545 root 1.17 <p></p>
1546 root 1.40 <dt><strong><a name="item_grab_button">$success = $term-&gt;grab_button ($button, $modifiermask[, $window = $term-&gt;vt])</a></strong><br />
1547     </dt>
1548     <dt><strong><a name="item_ungrab_button">$term-&gt;ungrab_button ($button, $modifiermask[, $window = $term-&gt;vt])</a></strong><br />
1549 root 1.17 </dt>
1550     <dd>
1551 root 1.40 Register/unregister a synchronous button grab. See the XGrabButton
1552     manpage.
1553 root 1.17 </dd>
1554     <p></p>
1555     <dt><strong><a name="item_grab">$success = $term-&gt;grab ($eventtime[, $sync])</a></strong><br />
1556     </dt>
1557     <dd>
1558     Calls XGrabPointer and XGrabKeyboard in asynchronous (default) or
1559     synchronous (<code>$sync</code> is true). Also remembers the grab timestampe.
1560     </dd>
1561     <p></p>
1562     <dt><strong><a name="item_allow_events_async">$term-&gt;allow_events_async</a></strong><br />
1563     </dt>
1564     <dd>
1565     Calls XAllowEvents with AsyncBoth for the most recent grab.
1566     </dd>
1567     <p></p>
1568     <dt><strong><a name="item_allow_events_sync">$term-&gt;allow_events_sync</a></strong><br />
1569     </dt>
1570     <dd>
1571     Calls XAllowEvents with SyncBoth for the most recent grab.
1572     </dd>
1573     <p></p>
1574     <dt><strong><a name="item_allow_events_replay">$term-&gt;allow_events_replay</a></strong><br />
1575     </dt>
1576     <dd>
1577     Calls XAllowEvents with both ReplayPointer and ReplayKeyboard for the most
1578     recent grab.
1579     </dd>
1580     <p></p>
1581     <dt><strong><a name="item_ungrab">$term-&gt;ungrab</a></strong><br />
1582     </dt>
1583     <dd>
1584     Calls XUngrab for the most recent grab. Is called automatically on
1585     evaluation errors, as it is better to lose the grab in the error case as
1586     the session.
1587     </dd>
1588 root 1.35 <p></p>
1589     <dt><strong><a name="item_xinternatom">$atom = $term-&gt;XInternAtom ($atom_name[, $only_if_exists])</a></strong><br />
1590     </dt>
1591     <dt><strong><a name="item_xgetatomname">$atom_name = $term-&gt;XGetAtomName ($atom)</a></strong><br />
1592     </dt>
1593     <dt><strong><a name="item_xlistproperties">@atoms = $term-&gt;XListProperties ($window)</a></strong><br />
1594     </dt>
1595     <dt><strong><a name="item_xgetwindowproperty">($type,$format,$octets) = $term-&gt;XGetWindowProperty ($window, $property)</a></strong><br />
1596     </dt>
1597     <dt><strong><a name="item_xchangewindowproperty">$term-&gt;XChangeWindowProperty ($window, $property, $type, $format, $octets)</a></strong><br />
1598     </dt>
1599     <dt><strong><a name="item_xdeleteproperty">$term-&gt;XDeleteProperty ($window, $property)</a></strong><br />
1600     </dt>
1601     <dt><strong><a name="item_defaultrootwindow">$window = $term-&gt;DefaultRootWindow</a></strong><br />
1602     </dt>
1603     <dt><strong><a name="item_xreparentwindow">$term-&gt;XReparentWindow ($window, $parent, [$x, $y])</a></strong><br />
1604     </dt>
1605     <dt><strong><a name="item_xmapwindow">$term-&gt;XMapWindow ($window)</a></strong><br />
1606     </dt>
1607     <dt><strong><a name="item_xunmapwindow">$term-&gt;XUnmapWindow ($window)</a></strong><br />
1608     </dt>
1609     <dt><strong><a name="item_xmoveresizewindow">$term-&gt;XMoveResizeWindow ($window, $x, $y, $width, $height)</a></strong><br />
1610     </dt>
1611     <dt><strong><a name="item_xtranslatecoordinates">($x, $y, $child_window) = $term-&gt;XTranslateCoordinates ($src, $dst, $x, $y)</a></strong><br />
1612     </dt>
1613     <dt><strong><a name="item_xchangeinput">$term-&gt;XChangeInput ($window, $add_events[, $del_events])</a></strong><br />
1614     </dt>
1615     <dd>
1616     Various X or X-related functions. The <code>$term</code> object only serves as
1617     the source of the display, otherwise those functions map more-or-less
1618     directory onto the X functions of the same name.
1619     </dd>
1620 root 1.6 <p></p></dl>
1621     <p>
1622     </p>
1623 root 1.15 <h2><a name="the_urxvt__popup_class">The <code>urxvt::popup</code> Class</a></h2>
1624 root 1.21 <dl>
1625     <dt><strong><a name="item_add_title">$popup-&gt;add_title ($title)</a></strong><br />
1626     </dt>
1627     <dd>
1628     Adds a non-clickable title to the popup.
1629     </dd>
1630     <p></p>
1631     <dt><strong><a name="item_add_separator">$popup-&gt;add_separator ([$sepchr])</a></strong><br />
1632     </dt>
1633     <dd>
1634     Creates a separator, optionally using the character given as <code>$sepchr</code>.
1635     </dd>
1636     <p></p>
1637     <dt><strong><a name="item_add_button">$popup-&gt;add_button ($text, $cb)</a></strong><br />
1638     </dt>
1639     <dd>
1640     Adds a clickable button to the popup. <code>$cb</code> is called whenever it is
1641     selected.
1642     </dd>
1643     <p></p>
1644     <dt><strong><a name="item_add_toggle">$popup-&gt;add_toggle ($text, $cb, $initial_value)</a></strong><br />
1645     </dt>
1646     <dd>
1647     Adds a toggle/checkbox item to the popup. Teh callback gets called
1648     whenever it gets toggled, with a boolean indicating its value as its first
1649     argument.
1650     </dd>
1651     <p></p>
1652     <dt><strong>$popup-&gt;show</strong><br />
1653     </dt>
1654     <dd>
1655     Displays the popup (which is initially hidden).
1656     </dd>
1657     <p></p></dl>
1658 root 1.15 <p>
1659     </p>
1660 root 1.1 <h2><a name="the_urxvt__timer_class">The <code>urxvt::timer</code> Class</a></h2>
1661     <p>This class implements timer watchers/events. Time is represented as a
1662     fractional number of seconds since the epoch. Example:</p>
1663     <pre>
1664 root 1.8 $term-&gt;{overlay} = $term-&gt;overlay (-1, 0, 8, 1, urxvt::OVERLAY_RSTYLE, 0);
1665 root 1.1 $term-&gt;{timer} = urxvt::timer
1666     -&gt;new
1667 root 1.8 -&gt;interval (1)
1668 root 1.1 -&gt;cb (sub {
1669 root 1.8 $term-&gt;{overlay}-&gt;set (0, 0,
1670     sprintf &quot;%2d:%02d:%02d&quot;, (localtime urxvt::NOW)[2,1,0]);
1671 root 1.1 });</pre>
1672     <dl>
1673     <dt><strong><a name="item__24timer__3d_new_urxvt_3a_3atimer">$timer = new urxvt::timer</a></strong><br />
1674     </dt>
1675     <dd>
1676 root 1.8 Create a new timer object in started state. It is scheduled to fire
1677     immediately.
1678 root 1.1 </dd>
1679     <p></p>
1680     <dt><strong><a name="item_cb">$timer = $timer-&gt;cb (sub { my ($timer) = @_; ... })</a></strong><br />
1681     </dt>
1682     <dd>
1683     Set the callback to be called when the timer triggers.
1684     </dd>
1685     <p></p>
1686     <dt><strong><a name="item_at">$tstamp = $timer-&gt;at</a></strong><br />
1687     </dt>
1688     <dd>
1689     Return the time this watcher will fire next.
1690     </dd>
1691     <p></p>
1692 root 1.8 <dt><strong>$timer = $timer-&gt;set ($tstamp)</strong><br />
1693 root 1.1 </dt>
1694     <dd>
1695     Set the time the event is generated to $tstamp.
1696     </dd>
1697     <p></p>
1698 root 1.8 <dt><strong><a name="item_interval">$timer = $timer-&gt;interval ($interval)</a></strong><br />
1699     </dt>
1700     <dd>
1701     Normally (and when <code>$interval</code> is <code>0</code>), the timer will automatically
1702     stop after it has fired once. If <code>$interval</code> is non-zero, then the timer
1703     is automatically rescheduled at the given intervals.
1704     </dd>
1705     <p></p>
1706 root 1.1 <dt><strong><a name="item_start">$timer = $timer-&gt;start</a></strong><br />
1707     </dt>
1708     <dd>
1709     Start the timer.
1710     </dd>
1711     <p></p>
1712     <dt><strong>$timer = $timer-&gt;start ($tstamp)</strong><br />
1713     </dt>
1714     <dd>
1715     Set the event trigger time to <code>$tstamp</code> and start the timer.
1716     </dd>
1717     <p></p>
1718 root 1.33 <dt><strong><a name="item_after">$timer = $timer-&gt;after ($delay)</a></strong><br />
1719     </dt>
1720     <dd>
1721     Like <a href="#item_start"><code>start</code></a>, but sets the expiry timer to c&lt;urxvt::NOW + $delay&gt;.
1722     </dd>
1723     <p></p>
1724 root 1.1 <dt><strong><a name="item_stop">$timer = $timer-&gt;stop</a></strong><br />
1725     </dt>
1726     <dd>
1727     Stop the timer.
1728     </dd>
1729     <p></p></dl>
1730     <p>
1731     </p>
1732     <h2><a name="the_urxvt__iow_class">The <code>urxvt::iow</code> Class</a></h2>
1733     <p>This class implements io watchers/events. Example:</p>
1734     <pre>
1735     $term-&gt;{socket} = ...
1736     $term-&gt;{iow} = urxvt::iow
1737     -&gt;new
1738     -&gt;fd (fileno $term-&gt;{socket})
1739 root 1.19 -&gt;events (urxvt::EVENT_READ)
1740 root 1.1 -&gt;start
1741     -&gt;cb (sub {
1742     my ($iow, $revents) = @_;
1743     # $revents must be 1 here, no need to check
1744     sysread $term-&gt;{socket}, my $buf, 8192
1745     or end-of-file;
1746     });</pre>
1747     <dl>
1748     <dt><strong><a name="item__24iow__3d_new_urxvt_3a_3aiow">$iow = new urxvt::iow</a></strong><br />
1749     </dt>
1750     <dd>
1751     Create a new io watcher object in stopped state.
1752     </dd>
1753     <p></p>
1754     <dt><strong>$iow = $iow-&gt;cb (sub { my ($iow, $reventmask) = @_; ... })</strong><br />
1755     </dt>
1756     <dd>
1757     Set the callback to be called when io events are triggered. <code>$reventmask</code>
1758     is a bitset as described in the <a href="#item_events"><code>events</code></a> method.
1759     </dd>
1760     <p></p>
1761     <dt><strong><a name="item_fd">$iow = $iow-&gt;fd ($fd)</a></strong><br />
1762     </dt>
1763     <dd>
1764     Set the filedescriptor (not handle) to watch.
1765     </dd>
1766     <p></p>
1767     <dt><strong><a name="item_events">$iow = $iow-&gt;events ($eventmask)</a></strong><br />
1768     </dt>
1769     <dd>
1770 root 1.19 Set the event mask to watch. The only allowed values are
1771     <code>urxvt::EVENT_READ</code> and <code>urxvt::EVENT_WRITE</code>, which might be ORed
1772     together, or <code>urxvt::EVENT_NONE</code>.
1773 root 1.1 </dd>
1774     <p></p>
1775     <dt><strong>$iow = $iow-&gt;start</strong><br />
1776     </dt>
1777     <dd>
1778     Start watching for requested events on the given handle.
1779     </dd>
1780     <p></p>
1781     <dt><strong>$iow = $iow-&gt;stop</strong><br />
1782     </dt>
1783     <dd>
1784     Stop watching for events on the given filehandle.
1785     </dd>
1786     <p></p></dl>
1787     <p>
1788     </p>
1789 root 1.34 <h2><a name="the_urxvt__iw_class">The <code>urxvt::iw</code> Class</a></h2>
1790     <p>This class implements idle watchers, that get called automatically when
1791     the process is idle. They should return as fast as possible, after doing
1792     some useful work.</p>
1793     <dl>
1794     <dt><strong><a name="item__24iw__3d_new_urxvt_3a_3aiw">$iw = new urxvt::iw</a></strong><br />
1795     </dt>
1796     <dd>
1797     Create a new idle watcher object in stopped state.
1798     </dd>
1799     <p></p>
1800     <dt><strong>$iw = $iw-&gt;cb (sub { my ($iw) = @_; ... })</strong><br />
1801     </dt>
1802     <dd>
1803     Set the callback to be called when the watcher triggers.
1804     </dd>
1805     <p></p>
1806     <dt><strong>$timer = $timer-&gt;start</strong><br />
1807     </dt>
1808     <dd>
1809     Start the watcher.
1810     </dd>
1811     <p></p>
1812     <dt><strong>$timer = $timer-&gt;stop</strong><br />
1813     </dt>
1814     <dd>
1815     Stop the watcher.
1816     </dd>
1817     <p></p></dl>
1818     <p>
1819     </p>
1820     <h2><a name="the_urxvt__pw_class">The <code>urxvt::pw</code> Class</a></h2>
1821     <p>This class implements process watchers. They create an event whenever a
1822     process exits, after which they stop automatically.</p>
1823     <pre>
1824     my $pid = fork;
1825     ...
1826     $term-&gt;{pw} = urxvt::pw
1827     -&gt;new
1828     -&gt;start ($pid)
1829     -&gt;cb (sub {
1830     my ($pw, $exit_status) = @_;
1831     ...
1832     });</pre>
1833     <dl>
1834     <dt><strong><a name="item__24pw__3d_new_urxvt_3a_3apw">$pw = new urxvt::pw</a></strong><br />
1835     </dt>
1836     <dd>
1837     Create a new process watcher in stopped state.
1838     </dd>
1839     <p></p>
1840     <dt><strong>$pw = $pw-&gt;cb (sub { my ($pw, $exit_status) = @_; ... })</strong><br />
1841     </dt>
1842     <dd>
1843     Set the callback to be called when the timer triggers.
1844     </dd>
1845     <p></p>
1846     <dt><strong>$pw = $timer-&gt;start ($pid)</strong><br />
1847     </dt>
1848     <dd>
1849     Tells the wqtcher to start watching for process <code>$pid</code>.
1850     </dd>
1851     <p></p>
1852     <dt><strong>$pw = $pw-&gt;stop</strong><br />
1853     </dt>
1854     <dd>
1855     Stop the watcher.
1856     </dd>
1857     <p></p></dl>
1858     <p>
1859     </p>
1860 root 1.1 <hr />
1861 root 1.2 <h1><a name="environment">ENVIRONMENT</a></h1>
1862     <p>
1863     </p>
1864     <h2><a name="urxvt_perl_verbosity">URXVT_PERL_VERBOSITY</a></h2>
1865     <p>This variable controls the verbosity level of the perl extension. Higher
1866     numbers indicate more verbose output.</p>
1867 root 1.10 <dl>
1868 root 1.17 <dt><strong><a name="item__3d_3d_0__2d_fatal_messages">== 0 - fatal messages</a></strong><br />
1869 root 1.10 </dt>
1870 root 1.17 <dt><strong><a name="item__3e_3d_3__2d_script_loading_and_management">&gt;= 3 - script loading and management</a></strong><br />
1871 root 1.10 </dt>
1872 root 1.25 <dt><strong><a name="item__3e_3d10__2d_all_called_hooks">&gt;=10 - all called hooks</a></strong><br />
1873     </dt>
1874     <dt><strong><a name="item__3e_3d11__2d_hook_reutrn_values">&gt;=11 - hook reutrn values</a></strong><br />
1875 root 1.10 </dt>
1876     </dl>
1877 root 1.2 <p>
1878     </p>
1879     <hr />
1880 root 1.1 <h1><a name="author">AUTHOR</a></h1>
1881     <pre>
1882     Marc Lehmann &lt;pcg@goof.com&gt;
1883     <a href="http://software.schmorp.de/pkg/rxvt-unicode">http://software.schmorp.de/pkg/rxvt-unicode</a></pre>
1884    
1885     </body>
1886    
1887     </html>