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1 root 1.1 <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
2     <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
3     <head>
4 root 1.30 <title>rxvtperl - rxvt-unicode's embedded perl interpreter</title>
5 root 1.1 <link rev="made" href="mailto:perl-binary@plan9.de" />
6     </head>
7    
8     <body style="background-color: white">
9    
10     <p><a name="__index__"></a></p>
11     <!-- INDEX BEGIN -->
12    
13     <ul>
14    
15     <li><a href="#name">NAME</a></li>
16     <li><a href="#synopsis">SYNOPSIS</a></li>
17     <li><a href="#description">DESCRIPTION</a></li>
18 root 1.20 <li><a href="#prepackaged_extensions">PREPACKAGED EXTENSIONS</a></li>
19     <li><a href="#api_documentation">API DOCUMENTATION</a></li>
20 root 1.1 <ul>
21    
22 root 1.3 <li><a href="#general_api_considerations">General API Considerations</a></li>
23 root 1.19 <li><a href="#extension_objects">Extension Objects</a></li>
24 root 1.1 <li><a href="#hooks">Hooks</a></li>
25 root 1.9 <li><a href="#variables_in_the_urxvt_package">Variables in the <code>urxvt</code> Package</a></li>
26 root 1.1 <li><a href="#functions_in_the_urxvt_package">Functions in the <code>urxvt</code> Package</a></li>
27 root 1.8 <li><a href="#rendition">RENDITION</a></li>
28 root 1.16 <li><a href="#the_urxvt__anyevent_class">The <code>urxvt::anyevent</code> Class</a></li>
29 root 1.1 <li><a href="#the_urxvt__term_class">The <code>urxvt::term</code> Class</a></li>
30 root 1.15 <li><a href="#the_urxvt__popup_class">The <code>urxvt::popup</code> Class</a></li>
31 root 1.1 <li><a href="#the_urxvt__timer_class">The <code>urxvt::timer</code> Class</a></li>
32     <li><a href="#the_urxvt__iow_class">The <code>urxvt::iow</code> Class</a></li>
33 root 1.34 <li><a href="#the_urxvt__iw_class">The <code>urxvt::iw</code> Class</a></li>
34     <li><a href="#the_urxvt__pw_class">The <code>urxvt::pw</code> Class</a></li>
35 root 1.1 </ul>
36    
37 root 1.2 <li><a href="#environment">ENVIRONMENT</a></li>
38     <ul>
39    
40     <li><a href="#urxvt_perl_verbosity">URXVT_PERL_VERBOSITY</a></li>
41     </ul>
42    
43 root 1.1 <li><a href="#author">AUTHOR</a></li>
44     </ul>
45     <!-- INDEX END -->
46    
47     <hr />
48     <p>
49     </p>
50 root 1.7 <hr />
51 root 1.1 <h1><a name="name">NAME</a></h1>
52 root 1.30 <p>rxvtperl - rxvt-unicode's embedded perl interpreter</p>
53 root 1.1 <p>
54     </p>
55     <hr />
56     <h1><a name="synopsis">SYNOPSIS</a></h1>
57 root 1.5 <pre>
58     # create a file grab_test in $HOME:</pre>
59 root 1.1 <pre>
60     sub on_sel_grab {
61     warn &quot;you selected &quot;, $_[0]-&gt;selection;
62     ()
63     }</pre>
64     <pre>
65 root 1.30 # start a rxvt using it:</pre>
66 root 1.5 <pre>
67 root 1.30 rxvt --perl-lib $HOME -pe grab_test</pre>
68 root 1.1 <p>
69     </p>
70     <hr />
71     <h1><a name="description">DESCRIPTION</a></h1>
72 root 1.15 <p>Everytime a terminal object gets created, extension scripts specified via
73     the <code>perl</code> resource are loaded and associated with it.</p>
74 root 1.5 <p>Scripts are compiled in a 'use strict' and 'use utf8' environment, and
75     thus must be encoded as UTF-8.</p>
76 root 1.30 <p>Each script will only ever be loaded once, even in rxvtd, where
77 root 1.7 scripts will be shared (but not enabled) for all terminals.</p>
78 root 1.3 <p>
79     </p>
80 root 1.20 <hr />
81     <h1><a name="prepackaged_extensions">PREPACKAGED EXTENSIONS</a></h1>
82     <p>This section describes the extensions delivered with this release. You can
83 root 1.30 find them in <em>/opt/rxvt/lib/urxvt/perl/</em>.</p>
84 root 1.6 <p>You can activate them like this:</p>
85     <pre>
86 root 1.30 rxvt -pe &lt;extensionname&gt;</pre>
87 root 1.34 <p>Or by adding them to the resource for extensions loaded by default:</p>
88     <pre>
89     URxvt.perl-ext-common: default,automove-background,selection-autotransform</pre>
90 root 1.6 <dl>
91 root 1.16 <dt><strong><a name="item_selection">selection (enabled by default)</a></strong><br />
92 root 1.6 </dt>
93     <dd>
94 root 1.20 (More) intelligent selection. This extension tries to be more intelligent
95 root 1.25 when the user extends selections (double-click and further clicks). Right
96     now, it tries to select words, urls and complete shell-quoted
97     arguments, which is very convenient, too, if your <em>ls</em> supports
98     <code>--quoting-style=shell</code>.
99     </dd>
100     <dd>
101     <p>A double-click usually selects the word under the cursor, further clicks
102     will enlarge the selection.</p>
103 root 1.9 </dd>
104     <dd>
105 root 1.26 <p>The selection works by trying to match a number of regexes and displaying
106     them in increasing order of length. You can add your own regexes by
107     specifying resources of the form:</p>
108     </dd>
109     <dd>
110     <pre>
111     URxvt.selection.pattern-0: perl-regex
112     URxvt.selection.pattern-1: perl-regex
113     ...</pre>
114     </dd>
115     <dd>
116     <p>The index number (0, 1...) must not have any holes, and each regex must
117     contain at least one pair of capturing parentheses, which will be used for
118     the match. For example, the followign adds a regex that matches everything
119     between two vertical bars:</p>
120     </dd>
121     <dd>
122     <pre>
123     URxvt.selection.pattern-0: \\|([^|]+)\\|</pre>
124     </dd>
125     <dd>
126 root 1.38 <p>Another example: Programs I use often output ``absolute path: '' at the
127     beginning of a line when they process multiple files. The following
128     pattern matches the filename (note, there is a single space at the very
129     end):</p>
130     </dd>
131     <dd>
132     <pre>
133     URxvt.selection.pattern-0: ^(/[^:]+):\</pre>
134     </dd>
135     <dd>
136 root 1.26 <p>You can look at the source of the selection extension to see more
137     interesting uses, such as parsing a line from beginning to end.</p>
138     </dd>
139     <dd>
140 root 1.31 <p>This extension also offers following bindable keyboard commands:</p>
141 root 1.6 </dd>
142     <dl>
143     <dt><strong><a name="item_rot13">rot13</a></strong><br />
144     </dt>
145     <dd>
146     Rot-13 the selection when activated. Used via keyboard trigger:
147     </dd>
148     <dd>
149     <pre>
150     URxvt.keysym.C-M-r: perl:selection:rot13</pre>
151     </dd>
152     <p></p></dl>
153 root 1.16 <dt><strong><a name="item_popup">option-popup (enabled by default)</a></strong><br />
154     </dt>
155     <dd>
156 root 1.17 Binds a popup menu to Ctrl-Button2 that lets you toggle (some) options at
157 root 1.16 runtime.
158     </dd>
159 root 1.42 <dd>
160     <p>Other extensions can extend this popup menu by pushing a code reference
161     onto <code>@{ $term-</code>{option_popup_hook} }&gt;, which gets called whenever the
162     popup is being displayed.</p>
163     </dd>
164     <dd>
165     <p>It's sole argument is the popup menu, which can be modified. It should
166     either return nothing or a string, the initial boolean value and a code
167     reference. The string will be used as button text and the code reference
168     will be called when the toggle changes, with the new boolean value as
169     first argument.</p>
170     </dd>
171     <dd>
172     <p>The following will add an entry <code>myoption</code> that changes
173     <code>$self-</code>{myoption}&gt;:</p>
174     </dd>
175     <dd>
176     <pre>
177     push @{ $self-&gt;{term}{option_popup_hook} }, sub {
178     (&quot;my option&quot; =&gt; $myoption, sub { $self-&gt;{myoption} = $_[0] })
179     };</pre>
180     </dd>
181 root 1.16 <p></p>
182 root 1.17 <dt><strong>selection-popup (enabled by default)</strong><br />
183     </dt>
184     <dd>
185     Binds a popup menu to Ctrl-Button3 that lets you convert the selection
186 root 1.20 text into various other formats/action (such as uri unescaping, perl
187 root 1.35 evaluation, web-browser starting etc.), depending on content.
188 root 1.17 </dd>
189 root 1.33 <dd>
190     <p>Other extensions can extend this popup menu by pushing a code reference
191 root 1.42 onto <code>@{ $term-</code>{selection_popup_hook} }&gt;, which gets called whenever the
192     popup is being displayed.</p>
193 root 1.33 </dd>
194     <dd>
195     <p>It's sole argument is the popup menu, which can be modified. The selection
196     is in <code>$_</code>, which can be used to decide wether to add something or not.
197     It should either return nothing or a string and a code reference. The
198     string will be used as button text and the code reference will be called
199     when the button gets activated and should transform <code>$_</code>.</p>
200     </dd>
201     <dd>
202     <p>The following will add an entry <code>a to b</code> that transforms all <code>a</code>s in
203     the selection to <code>b</code>s, but only if the selection currently contains any
204     <code>a</code>s:</p>
205     </dd>
206     <dd>
207     <pre>
208     push @{ $self-&gt;{term}{selection_popup_hook} }, sub {
209     /a/ ? (&quot;a to be&quot; =&gt; sub { s/a/b/g }
210     : ()
211     };</pre>
212     </dd>
213 root 1.17 <p></p>
214 root 1.19 <dt><strong><a name="item_searchable_2dscrollback_3chotkey_3e__28enabled_by_">searchable-scrollback&lt;hotkey&gt; (enabled by default)</a></strong><br />
215     </dt>
216     <dd>
217     Adds regex search functionality to the scrollback buffer, triggered
218 root 1.25 by a hotkey (default: <code>M-s</code>). While in search mode, normal terminal
219     input/output is suspended and a regex is displayed at the bottom of the
220     screen.
221 root 1.19 </dd>
222     <dd>
223 root 1.25 <p>Inputting characters appends them to the regex and continues incremental
224     search. <code>BackSpace</code> removes a character from the regex, <code>Up</code> and <code>Down</code>
225     search upwards/downwards in the scrollback buffer, <code>End</code> jumps to the
226     bottom. <code>Escape</code> leaves search mode and returns to the point where search
227     was started, while <code>Enter</code> or <code>Return</code> stay at the current position and
228     additionally stores the first match in the current line into the primary
229     selection.</p>
230 root 1.19 </dd>
231     <p></p>
232 root 1.36 <dt><strong><a name="item_readline">readline (enabled by default)</a></strong><br />
233     </dt>
234     <dd>
235 root 1.43 A support package that tries to make editing with readline easier. At
236     the moment, it reacts to clicking shift-left mouse button by trying to
237 root 1.36 move the text cursor to this position. It does so by generating as many
238     cursor-left or cursor-right keypresses as required (the this only works
239     for programs that correctly support wide characters).
240     </dd>
241     <dd>
242     <p>To avoid too many false positives, this is only done when:</p>
243     </dd>
244     <dl>
245 root 1.37 <dt><strong><a name="item__2d_the_tty_is_in_icanon_state_2e">- the tty is in ICANON state.</a></strong><br />
246     </dt>
247     <dt><strong><a name="item__2d_the_text_cursor_is_visible_2e">- the text cursor is visible.</a></strong><br />
248 root 1.36 </dt>
249     <dt><strong><a name="item__2d_the_primary_screen_is_currently_being_displaye">- the primary screen is currently being displayed.</a></strong><br />
250     </dt>
251 root 1.37 <dt><strong><a name="item_same">- the mouse is on the same (multi-row-) line as the text cursor.</a></strong><br />
252 root 1.36 </dt>
253     </dl>
254     <p>The normal selection mechanism isn't disabled, so quick successive clicks
255     might interfere with selection creation in harmless ways.</p>
256 root 1.26 <dt><strong><a name="item_selection_2dautotransform">selection-autotransform</a></strong><br />
257 root 1.6 </dt>
258     <dd>
259 root 1.26 This selection allows you to do automatic transforms on a selection
260     whenever a selection is made.
261     </dd>
262     <dd>
263     <p>It works by specifying perl snippets (most useful is a single <code>s///</code>
264     operator) that modify <code>$_</code> as resources:</p>
265     </dd>
266     <dd>
267     <pre>
268     URxvt.selection-autotransform.0: transform
269     URxvt.selection-autotransform.1: transform
270     ...</pre>
271     </dd>
272     <dd>
273     <p>For example, the following will transform selections of the form
274     <code>filename:number</code>, often seen in compiler messages, into <code>vi +$filename
275     $word</code>:</p>
276     </dd>
277     <dd>
278     <pre>
279 root 1.29 URxvt.selection-autotransform.0: s/^([^:[:space:]]+):(\\d+):?$/vi +$2 \\Q$1\\E\\x0d/</pre>
280 root 1.26 </dd>
281     <dd>
282     <p>And this example matches the same,but replaces it with vi-commands you can
283     paste directly into your (vi :) editor:</p>
284     </dd>
285     <dd>
286     <pre>
287 root 1.33 URxvt.selection-autotransform.0: s/^([^:[:space:]]+(\\d+):?$/:e \\Q$1\\E\\x0d:$2\\x0d/</pre>
288 root 1.6 </dd>
289 root 1.27 <dd>
290     <p>Of course, this can be modified to suit your needs and your editor :)</p>
291     </dd>
292 root 1.28 <dd>
293     <p>To expand the example above to typical perl error messages (``XXX at
294     FILENAME line YYY.''), you need a slightly more elaborate solution:</p>
295     </dd>
296     <dd>
297     <pre>
298 root 1.33 URxvt.selection.pattern-0: ( at .*? line \\d+[,.])
299     URxvt.selection-autotransform.0: s/^ at (.*?) line (\\d+)[,.]$/:e \\Q$1\E\\x0d:$2\\x0d/</pre>
300 root 1.28 </dd>
301     <dd>
302     <p>The first line tells the selection code to treat the unchanging part of
303     every error message as a selection pattern, and the second line transforms
304     the message into vi commands to load the file.</p>
305     </dd>
306 root 1.6 <p></p>
307 root 1.34 <dt><strong><a name="item_tabbed">tabbed</a></strong><br />
308     </dt>
309     <dd>
310     This transforms the terminal into a tabbar with additional terminals, that
311     is, it implements what is commonly refered to as ``tabbed terminal''. The topmost line
312     displays a ``[NEW]'' button, which, when clicked, will add a new tab, followed by one
313     button per tab.
314     </dd>
315     <dd>
316 root 1.35 <p>Clicking a button will activate that tab. Pressing <strong>Shift-Left</strong> and
317     <strong>Shift-Right</strong> will switch to the tab left or right of the current one,
318     while <strong>Shift-Down</strong> creates a new tab.</p>
319 root 1.34 </dd>
320 root 1.41 <dd>
321     <p>The tabbar itself can be configured similarly to a normal terminal, but
322     with a resource class of <code>URxvt.tabbed</code>. In addition, it supports the
323     following four resources (shown with defaults):</p>
324     </dd>
325     <dd>
326     <pre>
327     URxvt.tabbed.tabbar-fg: &lt;colour-index, default 3&gt;
328     URxvt.tabbed.tabbar-bg: &lt;colour-index, default 0&gt;
329     URxvt.tabbed.tab-fg: &lt;colour-index, default 0&gt;
330     URxvt.tabbed.tab-bg: &lt;colour-index, default 1&gt;</pre>
331     </dd>
332     <dd>
333     <p>See <em>COLOR AND GRAPHICS</em> in the <code>rxvt(1)</code> manpage for valid
334     indices.</p>
335     </dd>
336 root 1.34 <p></p>
337 root 1.14 <dt><strong><a name="item_mark_2durls">mark-urls</a></strong><br />
338     </dt>
339     <dd>
340 root 1.24 Uses per-line display filtering (<code>on_line_update</code>) to underline urls and
341 root 1.25 make them clickable. When middle-clicked, the program specified in the
342     resource <code>urlLauncher</code> (default <code>x-www-browser</code>) will be started with
343     the URL as first argument.
344 root 1.14 </dd>
345     <p></p>
346 root 1.38 <dt><strong><a name="item_xim_2donthespot">xim-onthespot</a></strong><br />
347     </dt>
348     <dd>
349     This (experimental) perl extension implements OnTheSpot editing. It does
350     not work perfectly, and some input methods don't seem to work well with
351     OnTheSpot editing in general, but it seems to work at leats for SCIM and
352     kinput2.
353     </dd>
354     <dd>
355     <p>You enable it by specifying this extension and a preedit style of
356     <code>OnTheSpot</code>, i.e.:</p>
357     </dd>
358     <dd>
359     <pre>
360     rxvt -pt OnTheSpot -pe xim-onthespot</pre>
361     </dd>
362     <p></p>
363 root 1.33 <dt><strong><a name="item_automove_2dbackground">automove-background</a></strong><br />
364     </dt>
365     <dd>
366     This is basically a one-line extension that dynamically changes the background pixmap offset
367     to the window position, in effect creating the same effect as pseudo transparency with
368     a custom pixmap. No scaling is supported in this mode. Exmaple:
369     </dd>
370     <dd>
371     <pre>
372     rxvt -pixmap background.xpm -pe automove-background</pre>
373     </dd>
374     <p></p>
375 root 1.14 <dt><strong><a name="item_block_2dgraphics_2dto_2dascii">block-graphics-to-ascii</a></strong><br />
376     </dt>
377     <dd>
378     A not very useful example of filtering all text output to the terminal,
379     by replacing all line-drawing characters (U+2500 .. U+259F) by a
380     similar-looking ascii character.
381     </dd>
382     <p></p>
383 root 1.26 <dt><strong><a name="item_digital_2dclock">digital-clock</a></strong><br />
384     </dt>
385     <dd>
386     Displays a digital clock using the built-in overlay.
387     </dd>
388     <p></p>
389 root 1.39 <dt><strong><a name="item_remote_2dclipboard">remote-clipboard</a></strong><br />
390 root 1.6 </dt>
391     <dd>
392 root 1.39 Somewhat of a misnomer, this extension adds two menu entries to the
393     selection popup that allows one ti run external commands to store the
394     selection somewhere and fetch it again.
395     </dd>
396     <dd>
397     <p>We use it to implement a ``distributed selection mechanism'', which just
398     means that one command uploads the file to a remote server, and another
399     reads it.</p>
400     </dd>
401     <dd>
402     <p>The commands can be set using the <code>URxvt.remote-selection.store</code> and
403     <code>URxvt.remote-selection.fetch</code> resources. The first should read the
404     selection to store from STDIN (always in UTF-8), the second should provide
405     the selection data on STDOUT (also in UTF-8).</p>
406     </dd>
407     <dd>
408     <p>The defaults (which are likely useless to you) use rsh and cat:</p>
409     </dd>
410     <dd>
411     <pre>
412     URxvt.remote-selection.store: rsh ruth 'cat &gt;/tmp/distributed-selection'
413     URxvt.remote-selection.fetch: rsh ruth 'cat /tmp/distributed-selection'</pre>
414 root 1.6 </dd>
415 root 1.32 <p></p>
416     <dt><strong><a name="item_selection_2dpastebin">selection-pastebin</a></strong><br />
417     </dt>
418     <dd>
419     This is a little rarely useful extension that Uploads the selection as
420     textfile to a remote site (or does other things). (The implementation is
421     not currently secure for use in a multiuser environment as it writes to
422     <em>/tmp</em> directly.).
423     </dd>
424     <dd>
425     <p>It listens to the <code>selection-pastebin:remote-pastebin</code> keyboard command,
426     i.e.</p>
427     </dd>
428     <dd>
429     <pre>
430     URxvt.keysym.C-M-e: perl:selection-pastebin:remote-pastebin</pre>
431     </dd>
432     <dd>
433     <p>Pressing this combination runs a command with <code>%</code> replaced by the name of
434     the textfile. This command can be set via a resource:</p>
435     </dd>
436     <dd>
437     <pre>
438     URxvt.selection-pastebin.cmd: rsync -apP % ruth:/var/www/www.ta-sa.org/files/txt/.</pre>
439     </dd>
440     <dd>
441     <p>And the default is likely not useful to anybody but the few people around
442     here :)</p>
443     </dd>
444     <dd>
445     <p>The name of the textfile is the hex encoded md5 sum of the selection, so
446     the same content should lead to the same filename.</p>
447     </dd>
448     <dd>
449     <p>After a successful upload the selection will be replaced by the text given
450     in the <code>selection-pastebin-url</code> resource (again, the % is the placeholder
451     for the filename):</p>
452     </dd>
453     <dd>
454     <pre>
455     URxvt.selection-pastebin.url: <a href="http://www.ta-sa.org/files/txt/%">http://www.ta-sa.org/files/txt/%</a></pre>
456     </dd>
457 root 1.39 <p></p>
458     <dt><strong><a name="item_example_2drefresh_2dhooks">example-refresh-hooks</a></strong><br />
459     </dt>
460     <dd>
461     Displays a very simple digital clock in the upper right corner of the
462     window. Illustrates overwriting the refresh callbacks to create your own
463     overlays or changes.
464     </dd>
465 root 1.6 <p></p></dl>
466     <p>
467     </p>
468 root 1.20 <hr />
469     <h1><a name="api_documentation">API DOCUMENTATION</a></h1>
470     <p>
471     </p>
472 root 1.3 <h2><a name="general_api_considerations">General API Considerations</a></h2>
473     <p>All objects (such as terminals, time watchers etc.) are typical
474     reference-to-hash objects. The hash can be used to store anything you
475     like. All members starting with an underscore (such as <code>_ptr</code> or
476 root 1.9 <code>_hook</code>) are reserved for internal uses and <strong>MUST NOT</strong> be accessed or
477 root 1.3 modified).</p>
478     <p>When objects are destroyed on the C++ side, the perl object hashes are
479     emptied, so its best to store related objects such as time watchers and
480     the like inside the terminal object so they get destroyed as soon as the
481     terminal is destroyed.</p>
482 root 1.14 <p>Argument names also often indicate the type of a parameter. Here are some
483     hints on what they mean:</p>
484     <dl>
485     <dt><strong><a name="item__24text">$text</a></strong><br />
486     </dt>
487     <dd>
488     Rxvt-unicodes special way of encoding text, where one ``unicode'' character
489 root 1.23 always represents one screen cell. See <a href="#item_row_t">ROW_t</a> for a discussion of this format.
490 root 1.14 </dd>
491     <p></p>
492     <dt><strong><a name="item__24string">$string</a></strong><br />
493     </dt>
494     <dd>
495     A perl text string, with an emphasis on <em>text</em>. It can store all unicode
496     characters and is to be distinguished with text encoded in a specific
497     encoding (often locale-specific) and binary data.
498     </dd>
499     <p></p>
500     <dt><strong><a name="item__24octets">$octets</a></strong><br />
501     </dt>
502     <dd>
503     Either binary data or - more common - a text string encoded in a
504     locale-specific way.
505     </dd>
506     <p></p></dl>
507 root 1.1 <p>
508     </p>
509 root 1.19 <h2><a name="extension_objects">Extension Objects</a></h2>
510     <p>Very perl extension is a perl class. A separate perl object is created
511     for each terminal and each extension and passed as the first parameter to
512     hooks. So extensions can use their <code>$self</code> object without having to think
513     about other extensions, with the exception of methods and members that
514     begin with an underscore character <code>_</code>: these are reserved for internal
515     use.</p>
516     <p>Although it isn't a <code>urxvt::term</code> object, you can call all methods of the
517     <code>urxvt::term</code> class on this object.</p>
518     <p>It has the following methods and data members:</p>
519     <dl>
520     <dt><strong><a name="item__24urxvt_term__3d__24self_2d_3e_7bterm_7d">$urxvt_term = $self-&gt;{term}</a></strong><br />
521     </dt>
522     <dd>
523     Returns the <code>urxvt::term</code> object associated with this instance of the
524     extension. This member <em>must not</em> be changed in any way.
525     </dd>
526     <p></p>
527     <dt><strong><a name="item_enable">$self-&gt;enable ($hook_name =&gt; $cb, [$hook_name =&gt; $cb..])</a></strong><br />
528     </dt>
529     <dd>
530     Dynamically enable the given hooks (named without the <code>on_</code> prefix) for
531     this extension, replacing any previous hook. This is useful when you want
532     to overwrite time-critical hooks only temporarily.
533     </dd>
534     <p></p>
535     <dt><strong><a name="item_disable">$self-&gt;disable ($hook_name[, $hook_name..])</a></strong><br />
536     </dt>
537     <dd>
538     Dynamically disable the given hooks.
539     </dd>
540     <p></p></dl>
541     <p>
542     </p>
543 root 1.1 <h2><a name="hooks">Hooks</a></h2>
544 root 1.14 <p>The following subroutines can be declared in extension files, and will be
545 root 1.9 called whenever the relevant event happens.</p>
546 root 1.19 <p>The first argument passed to them is an extension oject as described in
547     the in the <code>Extension Objects</code> section.</p>
548 root 1.34 <p><strong>All</strong> of these hooks must return a boolean value. If any of the called
549     hooks returns true, then the event counts as being <em>consumed</em>, and the
550     relevant action might not be carried out by the C++ code.</p>
551 root 1.19 <p><em>When in doubt, return a false value (preferably <code>()</code>). </em>&gt;</p>
552 root 1.1 <dl>
553     <dt><strong><a name="item_on_init__24term">on_init $term</a></strong><br />
554     </dt>
555     <dd>
556     Called after a new terminal object has been initialized, but before
557 root 1.14 windows are created or the command gets run. Most methods are unsafe to
558     call or deliver senseless data, as terminal size and other characteristics
559 root 1.34 have not yet been determined. You can safely query and change resources
560     and options, though. For many purposes the <code>on_start</code> hook is a better
561     place.
562     </dd>
563     <p></p>
564     <dt><strong><a name="item_on_start__24term">on_start $term</a></strong><br />
565     </dt>
566     <dd>
567     Called at the very end of initialisation of a new terminal, just before
568     trying to map (display) the toplevel and returning to the mainloop.
569     </dd>
570     <p></p>
571     <dt><strong><a name="item_on_destroy__24term">on_destroy $term</a></strong><br />
572     </dt>
573     <dd>
574 root 1.38 Called whenever something tries to destroy terminal, when the terminal is
575     still fully functional (not for long, though).
576 root 1.1 </dd>
577     <p></p>
578     <dt><strong><a name="item_on_reset__24term">on_reset $term</a></strong><br />
579     </dt>
580     <dd>
581     Called after the screen is ``reset'' for any reason, such as resizing or
582     control sequences. Here is where you can react on changes to size-related
583     variables.
584     </dd>
585     <p></p>
586 root 1.33 <dt><strong><a name="item_on_child_start__24term_2c__24pid">on_child_start $term, $pid</a></strong><br />
587     </dt>
588     <dd>
589     Called just after the child process has been <code>fork</code>ed.
590     </dd>
591     <p></p>
592     <dt><strong><a name="item_on_child_exit__24term_2c__24status">on_child_exit $term, $status</a></strong><br />
593     </dt>
594     <dd>
595     Called just after the child process has exited. <code>$status</code> is the status
596     from <code>waitpid</code>.
597     </dd>
598     <p></p>
599 root 1.1 <dt><strong><a name="item_on_sel_make__24term_2c__24eventtime">on_sel_make $term, $eventtime</a></strong><br />
600     </dt>
601     <dd>
602     Called whenever a selection has been made by the user, but before the
603     selection text is copied, so changes to the beginning, end or type of the
604     selection will be honored.
605     </dd>
606     <dd>
607     <p>Returning a true value aborts selection making by urxvt, in which case you
608     have to make a selection yourself by calling <a href="#item_selection_grab"><code>$term-&gt;selection_grab</code></a>.</p>
609     </dd>
610     <p></p>
611     <dt><strong><a name="item_on_sel_grab__24term_2c__24eventtime">on_sel_grab $term, $eventtime</a></strong><br />
612     </dt>
613     <dd>
614     Called whenever a selection has been copied, but before the selection is
615     requested from the server. The selection text can be queried and changed
616     by calling <a href="#item_selection"><code>$term-&gt;selection</code></a>.
617     </dd>
618     <dd>
619     <p>Returning a true value aborts selection grabbing. It will still be hilighted.</p>
620     </dd>
621     <p></p>
622 root 1.9 <dt><strong><a name="item_on_sel_extend__24term">on_sel_extend $term</a></strong><br />
623     </dt>
624     <dd>
625     Called whenever the user tries to extend the selection (e.g. with a double
626     click) and is either supposed to return false (normal operation), or
627     should extend the selection itelf and return true to suppress the built-in
628 root 1.25 processing. This can happen multiple times, as long as the callback
629     returns true, it will be called on every further click by the user and is
630     supposed to enlarge the selection more and more, if possible.
631 root 1.9 </dd>
632     <dd>
633     <p>See the <em>selection</em> example extension.</p>
634     </dd>
635     <p></p>
636 root 1.1 <dt><strong><a name="item_on_view_change__24term_2c__24offset">on_view_change $term, $offset</a></strong><br />
637     </dt>
638     <dd>
639     Called whenever the view offset changes, i..e the user or program
640     scrolls. Offset <code>0</code> means display the normal terminal, positive values
641     show this many lines of scrollback.
642     </dd>
643     <p></p>
644     <dt><strong><a name="item_on_scroll_back__24term_2c__24lines_2c__24saved">on_scroll_back $term, $lines, $saved</a></strong><br />
645     </dt>
646     <dd>
647     Called whenever lines scroll out of the terminal area into the scrollback
648     buffer. <code>$lines</code> is the number of lines scrolled out and may be larger
649     than the scroll back buffer or the terminal.
650     </dd>
651     <dd>
652     <p>It is called before lines are scrolled out (so rows 0 .. min ($lines - 1,
653     $nrow - 1) represent the lines to be scrolled out). <code>$saved</code> is the total
654     number of lines that will be in the scrollback buffer.</p>
655     </dd>
656     <p></p>
657 root 1.11 <dt><strong><a name="item_on_osc_seq__24term_2c__24string">on_osc_seq $term, $string</a></strong><br />
658     </dt>
659     <dd>
660     Called whenever the <strong>ESC ] 777 ; string ST</strong> command sequence (OSC =
661     operating system command) is processed. Cursor position and other state
662     information is up-to-date when this happens. For interoperability, the
663     string should start with the extension name and a colon, to distinguish
664     it from commands for other extensions, and this might be enforced in the
665     future.
666     </dd>
667     <dd>
668     <p>Be careful not ever to trust (in a security sense) the data you receive,
669     as its source can not easily be controleld (e-mail content, messages from
670     other users on the same system etc.).</p>
671     </dd>
672     <p></p>
673 root 1.14 <dt><strong><a name="item_on_add_lines__24term_2c__24string">on_add_lines $term, $string</a></strong><br />
674     </dt>
675     <dd>
676     Called whenever text is about to be output, with the text as argument. You
677     can filter/change and output the text yourself by returning a true value
678     and calling <a href="#item_scr_add_lines"><code>$term-&gt;scr_add_lines</code></a> yourself. Please note that this
679     might be very slow, however, as your hook is called for <strong>all</strong> text being
680     output.
681     </dd>
682     <p></p>
683 root 1.19 <dt><strong><a name="item_on_tt_write__24term_2c__24octets">on_tt_write $term, $octets</a></strong><br />
684     </dt>
685     <dd>
686     Called whenever some data is written to the tty/pty and can be used to
687     suppress or filter tty input.
688     </dd>
689     <p></p>
690 root 1.14 <dt><strong><a name="item_on_line_update__24term_2c__24row">on_line_update $term, $row</a></strong><br />
691     </dt>
692     <dd>
693     Called whenever a line was updated or changed. Can be used to filter
694     screen output (e.g. underline urls or other useless stuff). Only lines
695     that are being shown will be filtered, and, due to performance reasons,
696     not always immediately.
697     </dd>
698     <dd>
699     <p>The row number is always the topmost row of the line if the line spans
700     multiple rows.</p>
701     </dd>
702     <dd>
703     <p>Please note that, if you change the line, then the hook might get called
704     later with the already-modified line (e.g. if unrelated parts change), so
705     you cannot just toggle rendition bits, but only set them.</p>
706     </dd>
707     <p></p>
708 root 1.1 <dt><strong><a name="item_on_refresh_begin__24term">on_refresh_begin $term</a></strong><br />
709     </dt>
710     <dd>
711     Called just before the screen gets redrawn. Can be used for overlay
712     or similar effects by modify terminal contents in refresh_begin, and
713     restoring them in refresh_end. The built-in overlay and selection display
714     code is run after this hook, and takes precedence.
715     </dd>
716     <p></p>
717     <dt><strong><a name="item_on_refresh_end__24term">on_refresh_end $term</a></strong><br />
718     </dt>
719     <dd>
720     Called just after the screen gets redrawn. See <code>on_refresh_begin</code>.
721     </dd>
722 root 1.5 <p></p>
723 root 1.39 <dt><strong><a name="item_on_user_command__24term_2c__24string">on_user_command $term, $string</a></strong><br />
724 root 1.5 </dt>
725     <dd>
726 root 1.39 Called whenever the a user-configured event is being activated (e.g. via
727     a <code>perl:string</code> action bound to a key, see description of the <strong>keysym</strong>
728 root 1.30 resource in the <code>rxvt(1)</code> manpage).
729 root 1.29 </dd>
730 root 1.39 <dd>
731     <p>The event is simply the action string. This interface is assumed to change
732     slightly in the future.</p>
733     </dd>
734 root 1.29 <p></p>
735 root 1.43 <dt><strong><a name="item_on_resize_all_windows__24tern_2c__24new_width_2c__">on_resize_all_windows $tern, $new_width, $new_height</a></strong><br />
736     </dt>
737     <dd>
738     Called just after the new window size has been calculcated, but before
739     windows are actually being resized or hints are being set. If this hook
740     returns TRUE, setting of the window hints is being skipped.
741     </dd>
742     <p></p>
743 root 1.29 <dt><strong><a name="item_on_x_event__24term_2c__24event">on_x_event $term, $event</a></strong><br />
744     </dt>
745     <dd>
746     Called on every X event received on the vt window (and possibly other
747     windows). Should only be used as a last resort. Most event structure
748     members are not passed.
749 root 1.5 </dd>
750 root 1.14 <p></p>
751 root 1.15 <dt><strong><a name="item_on_focus_in__24term">on_focus_in $term</a></strong><br />
752     </dt>
753     <dd>
754     Called whenever the window gets the keyboard focus, before rxvt-unicode
755     does focus in processing.
756     </dd>
757     <p></p>
758     <dt><strong><a name="item_on_focus_out__24term">on_focus_out $term</a></strong><br />
759     </dt>
760     <dd>
761     Called wheneever the window loses keyboard focus, before rxvt-unicode does
762     focus out processing.
763     </dd>
764     <p></p>
765 root 1.33 <dt><strong><a name="item_on_configure_notify__24term_2c__24event">on_configure_notify $term, $event</a></strong><br />
766     </dt>
767 root 1.35 <dt><strong><a name="item_on_property_notify__24term_2c__24event">on_property_notify $term, $event</a></strong><br />
768     </dt>
769 root 1.19 <dt><strong><a name="item_on_key_press__24term_2c__24event_2c__24keysym_2c__">on_key_press $term, $event, $keysym, $octets</a></strong><br />
770 root 1.14 </dt>
771 root 1.19 <dt><strong><a name="item_on_key_release__24term_2c__24event_2c__24keysym">on_key_release $term, $event, $keysym</a></strong><br />
772 root 1.14 </dt>
773     <dt><strong><a name="item_on_button_press__24term_2c__24event">on_button_press $term, $event</a></strong><br />
774     </dt>
775     <dt><strong><a name="item_on_button_release__24term_2c__24event">on_button_release $term, $event</a></strong><br />
776     </dt>
777     <dt><strong><a name="item_on_motion_notify__24term_2c__24event">on_motion_notify $term, $event</a></strong><br />
778     </dt>
779 root 1.15 <dt><strong><a name="item_on_map_notify__24term_2c__24event">on_map_notify $term, $event</a></strong><br />
780     </dt>
781     <dt><strong><a name="item_on_unmap_notify__24term_2c__24event">on_unmap_notify $term, $event</a></strong><br />
782     </dt>
783 root 1.14 <dd>
784     Called whenever the corresponding X event is received for the terminal If
785     the hook returns true, then the even will be ignored by rxvt-unicode.
786     </dd>
787     <dd>
788     <p>The event is a hash with most values as named by Xlib (see the XEvent
789 root 1.35 manpage), with the additional members <code>row</code> and <code>col</code>, which are the
790     (real, not screen-based) row and column under the mouse cursor.</p>
791 root 1.14 </dd>
792     <dd>
793     <p><code>on_key_press</code> additionally receives the string rxvt-unicode would
794     output, if any, in locale-specific encoding.</p>
795     </dd>
796     <dd>
797     <p>subwindow.</p>
798     </dd>
799 root 1.34 <p></p>
800     <dt><strong><a name="item_on_client_message__24term_2c__24event">on_client_message $term, $event</a></strong><br />
801     </dt>
802     <dt><strong><a name="item_on_wm_protocols__24term_2c__24event">on_wm_protocols $term, $event</a></strong><br />
803     </dt>
804     <dt><strong><a name="item_on_wm_delete_window__24term_2c__24event">on_wm_delete_window $term, $event</a></strong><br />
805     </dt>
806     <dd>
807     Called when various types of ClientMessage events are received (all with
808     format=32, WM_PROTOCOLS or WM_PROTOCOLS:WM_DELETE_WINDOW).
809     </dd>
810 root 1.1 <p></p></dl>
811     <p>
812     </p>
813 root 1.9 <h2><a name="variables_in_the_urxvt_package">Variables in the <code>urxvt</code> Package</a></h2>
814     <dl>
815 root 1.21 <dt><strong><a name="item__24urxvt_3a_3alibdir">$urxvt::LIBDIR</a></strong><br />
816     </dt>
817     <dd>
818     The rxvt-unicode library directory, where, among other things, the perl
819     modules and scripts are stored.
820     </dd>
821     <p></p>
822     <dt><strong><a name="item__24urxvt_3a_3aresclass_2c__24urxvt_3a_3aresclass">$urxvt::RESCLASS, $urxvt::RESCLASS</a></strong><br />
823     </dt>
824     <dd>
825     The resource class and name rxvt-unicode uses to look up X resources.
826     </dd>
827     <p></p>
828     <dt><strong><a name="item__24urxvt_3a_3arxvtname">$urxvt::RXVTNAME</a></strong><br />
829     </dt>
830     <dd>
831     The basename of the installed binaries, usually <code>urxvt</code>.
832     </dd>
833     <p></p>
834 root 1.9 <dt><strong><a name="item__24urxvt_3a_3aterm">$urxvt::TERM</a></strong><br />
835     </dt>
836     <dd>
837 root 1.14 The current terminal. This variable stores the current <code>urxvt::term</code>
838     object, whenever a callback/hook is executing.
839 root 1.9 </dd>
840 root 1.34 <p></p>
841     <dt><strong><a name="item__40urxvt_3a_3aterm_init">@urxvt::TERM_INIT</a></strong><br />
842     </dt>
843     <dd>
844     All coderefs in this array will be called as methods of the next newly
845     created <code>urxvt::term</code> object (during the <code>on_init</code> phase). The array
846     gets cleared before the codereferences that were in it are being executed,
847     so coderefs can push themselves onto it again if they so desire.
848     </dd>
849     <dd>
850     <p>This complements to the perl-eval commandline option, but gets executed
851     first.</p>
852     </dd>
853     <p></p>
854     <dt><strong><a name="item__40urxvt_3a_3aterm_ext">@urxvt::TERM_EXT</a></strong><br />
855     </dt>
856     <dd>
857     Works similar to <code>@TERM_INIT</code>, but contains perl package/class names, which
858     get registered as normal extensions after calling the hooks in <code>@TERM_INIT</code>
859     but before other extensions. Gets cleared just like <code>@TERM_INIT</code>.
860     </dd>
861 root 1.23 <p></p></dl>
862 root 1.9 <p>
863     </p>
864 root 1.1 <h2><a name="functions_in_the_urxvt_package">Functions in the <code>urxvt</code> Package</a></h2>
865     <dl>
866     <dt><strong><a name="item_urxvt_3a_3afatal__24errormessage">urxvt::fatal $errormessage</a></strong><br />
867     </dt>
868     <dd>
869     Fatally aborts execution with the given error message. Avoid at all
870     costs! The only time this is acceptable is when the terminal process
871     starts up.
872     </dd>
873     <p></p>
874     <dt><strong><a name="item_urxvt_3a_3awarn__24string">urxvt::warn $string</a></strong><br />
875     </dt>
876     <dd>
877 root 1.3 Calls <code>rxvt_warn</code> with the given string which should not include a
878 root 1.1 newline. The module also overwrites the <code>warn</code> builtin with a function
879     that calls this function.
880     </dd>
881     <dd>
882     <p>Using this function has the advantage that its output ends up in the
883     correct place, e.g. on stderr of the connecting urxvtc client.</p>
884     </dd>
885 root 1.22 <dd>
886     <p>Messages have a size limit of 1023 bytes currently.</p>
887     </dd>
888 root 1.1 <p></p>
889 root 1.40 <dt><strong><a name="item__40terms__3d_urxvt_3a_3atermlist">@terms = urxvt::termlist</a></strong><br />
890     </dt>
891     <dd>
892     Returns all urxvt::term objects that exist in this process, regardless of
893     wether they are started, being destroyed etc., so be careful. Only term
894     objects that have perl extensions attached will be returned (because there
895     is no urxvt::term objet associated with others).
896     </dd>
897     <p></p>
898 root 1.1 <dt><strong><a name="item__24time__3d_urxvt_3a_3anow">$time = urxvt::NOW</a></strong><br />
899     </dt>
900     <dd>
901     Returns the ``current time'' (as per the event loop).
902     </dd>
903 root 1.15 <p></p>
904     <dt><strong><a name="item_urxvt_3a_3acurrenttime">urxvt::CurrentTime</a></strong><br />
905     </dt>
906     <dt><strong><a name="item_urxvt_3a_3ashiftmask_2c_lockmask_2c_controlmask_2c">urxvt::ShiftMask, LockMask, ControlMask, Mod1Mask, Mod2Mask,
907     Mod3Mask, Mod4Mask, Mod5Mask, Button1Mask, Button2Mask, Button3Mask,
908     Button4Mask, Button5Mask, AnyModifier</a></strong><br />
909     </dt>
910 root 1.29 <dt><strong><a name="item_urxvt_3a_3anoeventmask_2c_keypressmask_2c_keyrelea">urxvt::NoEventMask, KeyPressMask, KeyReleaseMask,
911     ButtonPressMask, ButtonReleaseMask, EnterWindowMask, LeaveWindowMask,
912     PointerMotionMask, PointerMotionHintMask, Button1MotionMask, Button2MotionMask,
913     Button3MotionMask, Button4MotionMask, Button5MotionMask, ButtonMotionMask,
914     KeymapStateMask, ExposureMask, VisibilityChangeMask, StructureNotifyMask,
915     ResizeRedirectMask, SubstructureNotifyMask, SubstructureRedirectMask,
916     FocusChangeMask, PropertyChangeMask, ColormapChangeMask, OwnerGrabButtonMask</a></strong><br />
917     </dt>
918     <dt><strong><a name="item_urxvt_3a_3akeypress_2c_keyrelease_2c_buttonpress_2">urxvt::KeyPress, KeyRelease, ButtonPress, ButtonRelease, MotionNotify,
919     EnterNotify, LeaveNotify, FocusIn, FocusOut, KeymapNotify, Expose,
920     GraphicsExpose, NoExpose, VisibilityNotify, CreateNotify, DestroyNotify,
921     UnmapNotify, MapNotify, MapRequest, ReparentNotify, ConfigureNotify,
922     ConfigureRequest, GravityNotify, ResizeRequest, CirculateNotify,
923     CirculateRequest, PropertyNotify, SelectionClear, SelectionRequest,
924     SelectionNotify, ColormapNotify, ClientMessage, MappingNotify</a></strong><br />
925     </dt>
926 root 1.15 <dd>
927 root 1.16 Various constants for use in X calls and event processing.
928 root 1.15 </dd>
929 root 1.1 <p></p></dl>
930     <p>
931     </p>
932 root 1.8 <h2><a name="rendition">RENDITION</a></h2>
933     <p>Rendition bitsets contain information about colour, font, font styles and
934     similar information for each screen cell.</p>
935     <p>The following ``macros'' deal with changes in rendition sets. You should
936     never just create a bitset, you should always modify an existing one,
937     as they contain important information required for correct operation of
938     rxvt-unicode.</p>
939     <dl>
940     <dt><strong><a name="item__24rend__3d_urxvt_3a_3adefault_rstyle">$rend = urxvt::DEFAULT_RSTYLE</a></strong><br />
941     </dt>
942     <dd>
943     Returns the default rendition, as used when the terminal is starting up or
944     being reset. Useful as a base to start when creating renditions.
945     </dd>
946     <p></p>
947     <dt><strong><a name="item__24rend__3d_urxvt_3a_3aoverlay_rstyle">$rend = urxvt::OVERLAY_RSTYLE</a></strong><br />
948     </dt>
949     <dd>
950     Return the rendition mask used for overlays by default.
951     </dd>
952     <p></p>
953     <dt><strong><a name="item__24rendbit__3d_urxvt_3a_3ars_bold_2c_rs_italic_2c_">$rendbit = urxvt::RS_Bold, RS_Italic, RS_Blink, RS_RVid, RS_Uline</a></strong><br />
954     </dt>
955     <dd>
956     Return the bit that enabled bold, italic, blink, reverse-video and
957     underline, respectively. To enable such a style, just logically OR it into
958     the bitset.
959     </dd>
960     <p></p>
961     <dt><strong><a name="item__24foreground__3d_urxvt_3a_3aget_basefg__24rend">$foreground = urxvt::GET_BASEFG $rend</a></strong><br />
962     </dt>
963     <dt><strong><a name="item__24background__3d_urxvt_3a_3aget_basebg__24rend">$background = urxvt::GET_BASEBG $rend</a></strong><br />
964     </dt>
965     <dd>
966     Return the foreground/background colour index, respectively.
967     </dd>
968     <p></p>
969 root 1.21 <dt><strong><a name="item__24rend__3d_urxvt_3a_3aset_fgcolor__24rend_2c__24n">$rend = urxvt::SET_FGCOLOR $rend, $new_colour</a></strong><br />
970 root 1.8 </dt>
971 root 1.21 <dt><strong><a name="item__24rend__3d_urxvt_3a_3aset_bgcolor__24rend_2c__24n">$rend = urxvt::SET_BGCOLOR $rend, $new_colour</a></strong><br />
972 root 1.8 </dt>
973 root 1.41 <dt><strong><a name="item__24rend__3d_urxvt_3a_3aset_color__24rend_2c__24new">$rend = urxvt::SET_COLOR $rend, $new_fg, $new_bg</a></strong><br />
974     </dt>
975 root 1.8 <dd>
976     Replace the foreground/background colour in the rendition mask with the
977     specified one.
978     </dd>
979     <p></p>
980 root 1.21 <dt><strong><a name="item__24value__3d_urxvt_3a_3aget_custom__24rend">$value = urxvt::GET_CUSTOM $rend</a></strong><br />
981 root 1.8 </dt>
982     <dd>
983     Return the ``custom'' value: Every rendition has 5 bits for use by
984     extensions. They can be set and changed as you like and are initially
985     zero.
986     </dd>
987     <p></p>
988 root 1.21 <dt><strong><a name="item__24rend__3d_urxvt_3a_3aset_custom__24rend_2c__24ne">$rend = urxvt::SET_CUSTOM $rend, $new_value</a></strong><br />
989 root 1.8 </dt>
990     <dd>
991     Change the custom value.
992     </dd>
993     <p></p></dl>
994     <p>
995     </p>
996 root 1.16 <h2><a name="the_urxvt__anyevent_class">The <code>urxvt::anyevent</code> Class</a></h2>
997     <p>The sole purpose of this class is to deliver an interface to the
998     <code>AnyEvent</code> module - any module using it will work inside urxvt without
999 root 1.21 further programming. The only exception is that you cannot wait on
1000     condition variables, but non-blocking condvar use is ok. What this means
1001     is that you cannot use blocking APIs, but the non-blocking variant should
1002     work.</p>
1003 root 1.16 <p>
1004     </p>
1005 root 1.1 <h2><a name="the_urxvt__term_class">The <code>urxvt::term</code> Class</a></h2>
1006     <dl>
1007 root 1.22 <dt><strong><a name="item__24term__3d_new_urxvt_3a_3aterm__24envhashref_2c__">$term = new urxvt::term $envhashref, $rxvtname, [arg...]</a></strong><br />
1008     </dt>
1009     <dd>
1010     Creates a new terminal, very similar as if you had started it with system
1011 root 1.23 <code>$rxvtname, arg...</code>. <code>$envhashref</code> must be a reference to a <code>%ENV</code>-like
1012     hash which defines the environment of the new terminal.
1013 root 1.22 </dd>
1014     <dd>
1015 root 1.23 <p>Croaks (and probably outputs an error message) if the new instance
1016 root 1.22 couldn't be created. Returns <code>undef</code> if the new instance didn't
1017     initialise perl, and the terminal object otherwise. The <code>init</code> and
1018 root 1.40 <a href="#item_start"><code>start</code></a> hooks will be called before this call returns, and are free to
1019     refer to global data (which is race free).</p>
1020 root 1.22 </dd>
1021     <p></p>
1022 root 1.14 <dt><strong><a name="item_destroy">$term-&gt;destroy</a></strong><br />
1023     </dt>
1024     <dd>
1025 root 1.21 Destroy the terminal object (close the window, free resources
1026 root 1.30 etc.). Please note that rxvt will not exit as long as any event
1027 root 1.21 watchers (timers, io watchers) are still active.
1028 root 1.14 </dd>
1029     <p></p>
1030 root 1.33 <dt><strong><a name="item_exec_async">$term-&gt;exec_async ($cmd[, @args])</a></strong><br />
1031     </dt>
1032     <dd>
1033     Works like the combination of the <code>fork</code>/<code>exec</code> builtins, which executes
1034     (``starts'') programs in the background. This function takes care of setting
1035     the user environment before exec'ing the command (e.g. <code>PATH</code>) and should
1036     be preferred over explicit calls to <code>exec</code> or <code>system</code>.
1037     </dd>
1038     <dd>
1039     <p>Returns the pid of the subprocess or <code>undef</code> on error.</p>
1040     </dd>
1041     <p></p>
1042 root 1.15 <dt><strong><a name="item_option">$isset = $term-&gt;option ($optval[, $set])</a></strong><br />
1043     </dt>
1044     <dd>
1045     Returns true if the option specified by <code>$optval</code> is enabled, and
1046     optionally change it. All option values are stored by name in the hash
1047     <code>%urxvt::OPTION</code>. Options not enabled in this binary are not in the hash.
1048     </dd>
1049     <dd>
1050     <p>Here is a a likely non-exhaustive list of option names, please see the
1051     source file <em>/src/optinc.h</em> to see the actual list:</p>
1052     </dd>
1053     <dd>
1054     <pre>
1055     borderLess console cursorBlink cursorUnderline hold iconic insecure
1056     intensityStyles jumpScroll loginShell mapAlert meta8 mouseWheelScrollPage
1057 root 1.33 override-redirect pastableTabs pointerBlank reverseVideo scrollBar
1058     scrollBar_floating scrollBar_right scrollTtyKeypress scrollTtyOutput
1059     scrollWithBuffer secondaryScreen secondaryScroll skipBuiltinGlyphs
1060     transparent tripleclickwords utmpInhibit visualBell</pre>
1061 root 1.15 </dd>
1062     <p></p>
1063 root 1.2 <dt><strong><a name="item_resource">$value = $term-&gt;resource ($name[, $newval])</a></strong><br />
1064     </dt>
1065     <dd>
1066     Returns the current resource value associated with a given name and
1067     optionally sets a new value. Setting values is most useful in the <code>init</code>
1068     hook. Unset resources are returned and accepted as <code>undef</code>.
1069     </dd>
1070     <dd>
1071     <p>The new value must be properly encoded to a suitable character encoding
1072     before passing it to this method. Similarly, the returned value may need
1073     to be converted from the used encoding to text.</p>
1074     </dd>
1075     <dd>
1076     <p>Resource names are as defined in <em>src/rsinc.h</em>. Colours can be specified
1077     as resource names of the form <code>color+&lt;index&gt;</code>, e.g. <code>color+5</code>. (will
1078     likely change).</p>
1079     </dd>
1080     <dd>
1081     <p>Please note that resource strings will currently only be freed when the
1082     terminal is destroyed, so changing options frequently will eat memory.</p>
1083     </dd>
1084     <dd>
1085     <p>Here is a a likely non-exhaustive list of resource names, not all of which
1086 root 1.15 are supported in every build, please see the source file <em>/src/rsinc.h</em>
1087     to see the actual list:</p>
1088 root 1.2 </dd>
1089     <dd>
1090     <pre>
1091     answerbackstring backgroundPixmap backspace_key boldFont boldItalicFont
1092     borderLess color cursorBlink cursorUnderline cutchars delete_key
1093     display_name embed ext_bwidth fade font geometry hold iconName
1094     imFont imLocale inputMethod insecure int_bwidth intensityStyles
1095 root 1.33 italicFont jumpScroll lineSpace loginShell mapAlert meta8 modifier
1096     mouseWheelScrollPage name override_redirect pastableTabs path perl_eval
1097     perl_ext_1 perl_ext_2 perl_lib pointerBlank pointerBlankDelay
1098     preeditType print_pipe pty_fd reverseVideo saveLines scrollBar
1099     scrollBar_align scrollBar_floating scrollBar_right scrollBar_thickness
1100     scrollTtyKeypress scrollTtyOutput scrollWithBuffer scrollstyle
1101     secondaryScreen secondaryScroll selectstyle shade term_name title
1102     transient_for transparent transparent_all tripleclickwords utmpInhibit
1103     visualBell</pre>
1104 root 1.2 </dd>
1105     <p></p>
1106 root 1.24 <dt><strong><a name="item_x_resource">$value = $term-&gt;x_resource ($pattern)</a></strong><br />
1107     </dt>
1108     <dd>
1109     Returns the X-Resource for the given pattern, excluding the program or
1110     class name, i.e. <a href="#item_x_resource"><code>$term-&gt;x_resource (&quot;boldFont&quot;)</code></a> should return the
1111     same value as used by this instance of rxvt-unicode. Returns <code>undef</code> if no
1112     resource with that pattern exists.
1113     </dd>
1114     <dd>
1115     <p>This method should only be called during the <code>on_start</code> hook, as there is
1116     only one resource database per display, and later invocations might return
1117     the wrong resources.</p>
1118     </dd>
1119     <p></p>
1120 root 1.19 <dt><strong><a name="item_parse_keysym">$success = $term-&gt;parse_keysym ($keysym_spec, $command_string)</a></strong><br />
1121     </dt>
1122     <dd>
1123     Adds a keymap translation exactly as specified via a resource. See the
1124 root 1.30 <code>keysym</code> resource in the <code>rxvt(1)</code> manpage.
1125 root 1.19 </dd>
1126     <p></p>
1127 root 1.14 <dt><strong><a name="item_rstyle">$rend = $term-&gt;rstyle ([$new_rstyle])</a></strong><br />
1128 root 1.13 </dt>
1129     <dd>
1130 root 1.14 Return and optionally change the current rendition. Text that is output by
1131     the terminal application will use this style.
1132 root 1.13 </dd>
1133     <p></p>
1134     <dt><strong><a name="item_screen_cur">($row, $col) = $term-&gt;screen_cur ([$row, $col])</a></strong><br />
1135     </dt>
1136     <dd>
1137     Return the current coordinates of the text cursor position and optionally
1138     set it (which is usually bad as applications don't expect that).
1139     </dd>
1140     <p></p>
1141 root 1.1 <dt><strong><a name="item_selection_mark">($row, $col) = $term-&gt;selection_mark ([$row, $col])</a></strong><br />
1142     </dt>
1143     <dt><strong><a name="item_selection_beg">($row, $col) = $term-&gt;selection_beg ([$row, $col])</a></strong><br />
1144     </dt>
1145     <dt><strong><a name="item_selection_end">($row, $col) = $term-&gt;selection_end ([$row, $col])</a></strong><br />
1146     </dt>
1147     <dd>
1148     Return the current values of the selection mark, begin or end positions,
1149     and optionally set them to new values.
1150     </dd>
1151     <p></p>
1152 root 1.25 <dt><strong><a name="item_selection_make">$term-&gt;selection_make ($eventtime[, $rectangular])</a></strong><br />
1153     </dt>
1154     <dd>
1155     Tries to make a selection as set by <a href="#item_selection_beg"><code>selection_beg</code></a> and
1156     <a href="#item_selection_end"><code>selection_end</code></a>. If <code>$rectangular</code> is true (default: false), a
1157     rectangular selection will be made. This is the prefered function to make
1158     a selection.
1159     </dd>
1160     <p></p>
1161 root 1.1 <dt><strong><a name="item_selection_grab">$success = $term-&gt;selection_grab ($eventtime)</a></strong><br />
1162     </dt>
1163     <dd>
1164 root 1.25 Try to request the primary selection text from the server (for example, as
1165     set by the next method). No visual feedback will be given. This function
1166     is mostly useful from within <code>on_sel_grab</code> hooks.
1167 root 1.1 </dd>
1168     <p></p>
1169 root 1.6 <dt><strong>$oldtext = $term-&gt;selection ([$newtext])</strong><br />
1170 root 1.1 </dt>
1171     <dd>
1172     Return the current selection text and optionally replace it by <code>$newtext</code>.
1173     </dd>
1174 root 1.19 <p></p>
1175     <dt><strong><a name="item_overlay_simple">$term-&gt;overlay_simple ($x, $y, $text)</a></strong><br />
1176     </dt>
1177 root 1.1 <dd>
1178 root 1.19 Create a simple multi-line overlay box. See the next method for details.
1179 root 1.1 </dd>
1180     <p></p>
1181 root 1.8 <dt><strong><a name="item_overlay">$term-&gt;overlay ($x, $y, $width, $height[, $rstyle[, $border]])</a></strong><br />
1182 root 1.1 </dt>
1183     <dd>
1184     Create a new (empty) overlay at the given position with the given
1185 root 1.8 width/height. <code>$rstyle</code> defines the initial rendition style
1186     (default: <code>OVERLAY_RSTYLE</code>).
1187     </dd>
1188     <dd>
1189     <p>If <code>$border</code> is <code>2</code> (default), then a decorative border will be put
1190     around the box.</p>
1191     </dd>
1192     <dd>
1193     <p>If either <code>$x</code> or <code>$y</code> is negative, then this is counted from the
1194     right/bottom side, respectively.</p>
1195 root 1.1 </dd>
1196     <dd>
1197 root 1.8 <p>This method returns an urxvt::overlay object. The overlay will be visible
1198     as long as the perl object is referenced.</p>
1199 root 1.1 </dd>
1200     <dd>
1201 root 1.9 <p>The methods currently supported on <code>urxvt::overlay</code> objects are:</p>
1202 root 1.1 </dd>
1203 root 1.9 <dl>
1204 root 1.8 <dt><strong><a name="item_set">$overlay-&gt;set ($x, $y, $text, $rend)</a></strong><br />
1205 root 1.1 </dt>
1206     <dd>
1207 root 1.8 Similar to <a href="#item_row_t"><code>$term-&gt;ROW_t</code></a> and <a href="#item_row_r"><code>$term-&gt;ROW_r</code></a> in that it puts
1208     text in rxvt-unicode's special encoding and an array of rendition values
1209     at a specific position inside the overlay.
1210 root 1.1 </dd>
1211 root 1.3 <p></p>
1212 root 1.9 <dt><strong><a name="item_hide">$overlay-&gt;hide</a></strong><br />
1213     </dt>
1214     <dd>
1215     If visible, hide the overlay, but do not destroy it.
1216     </dd>
1217     <p></p>
1218     <dt><strong><a name="item_show">$overlay-&gt;show</a></strong><br />
1219     </dt>
1220     <dd>
1221     If hidden, display the overlay again.
1222     </dd>
1223     <p></p></dl>
1224 root 1.16 <dt><strong>$popup = $term-&gt;popup ($event)</strong><br />
1225 root 1.15 </dt>
1226     <dd>
1227     Creates a new <code>urxvt::popup</code> object that implements a popup menu. The
1228     <code>$event</code> <em>must</em> be the event causing the menu to pop up (a button event,
1229     currently).
1230     </dd>
1231     <p></p>
1232 root 1.14 <dt><strong><a name="item_strwidth">$cellwidth = $term-&gt;strwidth ($string)</a></strong><br />
1233 root 1.3 </dt>
1234     <dd>
1235     Returns the number of screen-cells this string would need. Correctly
1236     accounts for wide and combining characters.
1237     </dd>
1238     <p></p>
1239 root 1.14 <dt><strong><a name="item_locale_encode">$octets = $term-&gt;locale_encode ($string)</a></strong><br />
1240 root 1.3 </dt>
1241     <dd>
1242     Convert the given text string into the corresponding locale encoding.
1243     </dd>
1244     <p></p>
1245 root 1.14 <dt><strong><a name="item_locale_decode">$string = $term-&gt;locale_decode ($octets)</a></strong><br />
1246 root 1.3 </dt>
1247     <dd>
1248     Convert the given locale-encoded octets into a perl string.
1249     </dd>
1250     <p></p>
1251 root 1.19 <dt><strong><a name="item_scr_xor_span">$term-&gt;scr_xor_span ($beg_row, $beg_col, $end_row, $end_col[, $rstyle])</a></strong><br />
1252     </dt>
1253     <dd>
1254     XORs the rendition values in the given span with the provided value
1255 root 1.25 (default: <code>RS_RVid</code>), which <em>MUST NOT</em> contain font styles. Useful in
1256     refresh hooks to provide effects similar to the selection.
1257 root 1.19 </dd>
1258     <p></p>
1259     <dt><strong><a name="item_scr_xor_rect">$term-&gt;scr_xor_rect ($beg_row, $beg_col, $end_row, $end_col[, $rstyle1[, $rstyle2]])</a></strong><br />
1260     </dt>
1261     <dd>
1262     Similar to <a href="#item_scr_xor_span"><code>scr_xor_span</code></a>, but xors a rectangle instead. Trailing
1263     whitespace will additionally be xored with the <code>$rstyle2</code>, which defaults
1264     to <code>RS_RVid | RS_Uline</code>, which removes reverse video again and underlines
1265 root 1.25 it instead. Both styles <em>MUST NOT</em> contain font styles.
1266 root 1.19 </dd>
1267     <p></p>
1268     <dt><strong><a name="item_scr_bell">$term-&gt;scr_bell</a></strong><br />
1269     </dt>
1270     <dd>
1271     Ring the bell!
1272     </dd>
1273     <p></p>
1274 root 1.14 <dt><strong><a name="item_scr_add_lines">$term-&gt;scr_add_lines ($string)</a></strong><br />
1275     </dt>
1276     <dd>
1277     Write the given text string to the screen, as if output by the application
1278     running inside the terminal. It may not contain command sequences (escape
1279     codes), but is free to use line feeds, carriage returns and tabs. The
1280     string is a normal text string, not in locale-dependent encoding.
1281     </dd>
1282     <dd>
1283     <p>Normally its not a good idea to use this function, as programs might be
1284     confused by changes in cursor position or scrolling. Its useful inside a
1285     <code>on_add_lines</code> hook, though.</p>
1286     </dd>
1287     <p></p>
1288 root 1.35 <dt><strong><a name="item_scr_change_screen">$term-&gt;scr_change_screen ($screen)</a></strong><br />
1289     </dt>
1290     <dd>
1291     Switch to given screen - 0 primary, 1 secondary.
1292     </dd>
1293     <p></p>
1294 root 1.14 <dt><strong><a name="item_cmd_parse">$term-&gt;cmd_parse ($octets)</a></strong><br />
1295     </dt>
1296     <dd>
1297     Similar to <a href="#item_scr_add_lines"><code>scr_add_lines</code></a>, but the argument must be in the
1298     locale-specific encoding of the terminal and can contain command sequences
1299     (escape codes) that will be interpreted.
1300     </dd>
1301     <p></p>
1302 root 1.3 <dt><strong><a name="item_tt_write">$term-&gt;tt_write ($octets)</a></strong><br />
1303     </dt>
1304     <dd>
1305     Write the octets given in <code>$data</code> to the tty (i.e. as program input). To
1306 root 1.6 pass characters instead of octets, you should convert your strings first
1307     to the locale-specific encoding using <a href="#item_locale_encode"><code>$term-&gt;locale_encode</code></a>.
1308     </dd>
1309     <p></p>
1310 root 1.19 <dt><strong><a name="item_pty_ev_events">$old_events = $term-&gt;pty_ev_events ([$new_events])</a></strong><br />
1311     </dt>
1312     <dd>
1313     Replaces the event mask of the pty watcher by the given event mask. Can
1314     be used to suppress input and output handling to the pty/tty. See the
1315     description of <a href="#item_events"><code>urxvt::timer-&gt;events</code></a>. Make sure to always restore
1316     the previous value.
1317     </dd>
1318     <p></p>
1319 root 1.37 <dt><strong><a name="item_pty_fd">$fd = $term-&gt;pty_fd</a></strong><br />
1320     </dt>
1321     <dd>
1322     Returns the master file descriptor for the pty in use, or <code>-1</code> if no pty
1323     is used.
1324     </dd>
1325     <p></p>
1326 root 1.14 <dt><strong><a name="item_parent">$windowid = $term-&gt;parent</a></strong><br />
1327     </dt>
1328     <dd>
1329     Return the window id of the toplevel window.
1330     </dd>
1331     <p></p>
1332     <dt><strong><a name="item_vt">$windowid = $term-&gt;vt</a></strong><br />
1333     </dt>
1334     <dd>
1335     Return the window id of the terminal window.
1336     </dd>
1337     <p></p>
1338 root 1.29 <dt><strong><a name="item_vt_emask_add">$term-&gt;vt_emask_add ($x_event_mask)</a></strong><br />
1339     </dt>
1340     <dd>
1341     Adds the specified events to the vt event mask. Useful e.g. when you want
1342     to receive pointer events all the times:
1343     </dd>
1344     <dd>
1345     <pre>
1346     $term-&gt;vt_emask_add (urxvt::PointerMotionMask);</pre>
1347     </dd>
1348     <p></p>
1349 root 1.41 <dt><strong><a name="item_focus_in">$term-&gt;focus_in</a></strong><br />
1350     </dt>
1351     <dt><strong><a name="item_focus_out">$term-&gt;focus_out</a></strong><br />
1352     </dt>
1353     <dt><strong><a name="item_key_press">$term-&gt;key_press ($state, $keycode[, $time])</a></strong><br />
1354     </dt>
1355     <dt><strong><a name="item_key_release">$term-&gt;key_release ($state, $keycode[, $time])</a></strong><br />
1356     </dt>
1357     <dd>
1358     Deliver various fake events to to terminal.
1359     </dd>
1360     <p></p>
1361 root 1.13 <dt><strong><a name="item_width">$window_width = $term-&gt;width</a></strong><br />
1362     </dt>
1363     <dt><strong><a name="item_height">$window_height = $term-&gt;height</a></strong><br />
1364     </dt>
1365     <dt><strong><a name="item_fwidth">$font_width = $term-&gt;fwidth</a></strong><br />
1366 root 1.6 </dt>
1367 root 1.13 <dt><strong><a name="item_fheight">$font_height = $term-&gt;fheight</a></strong><br />
1368 root 1.6 </dt>
1369 root 1.13 <dt><strong><a name="item_fbase">$font_ascent = $term-&gt;fbase</a></strong><br />
1370     </dt>
1371     <dt><strong><a name="item_nrow">$terminal_rows = $term-&gt;nrow</a></strong><br />
1372     </dt>
1373     <dt><strong><a name="item_ncol">$terminal_columns = $term-&gt;ncol</a></strong><br />
1374     </dt>
1375     <dt><strong><a name="item_focus">$has_focus = $term-&gt;focus</a></strong><br />
1376     </dt>
1377     <dt><strong><a name="item_mapped">$is_mapped = $term-&gt;mapped</a></strong><br />
1378     </dt>
1379     <dt><strong><a name="item_savelines">$max_scrollback = $term-&gt;saveLines</a></strong><br />
1380     </dt>
1381     <dt><strong><a name="item_total_rows">$nrow_plus_saveLines = $term-&gt;total_rows</a></strong><br />
1382     </dt>
1383 root 1.30 <dt><strong><a name="item_top_row">$topmost_scrollback_row = $term-&gt;top_row</a></strong><br />
1384 root 1.6 </dt>
1385     <dd>
1386 root 1.13 Return various integers describing terminal characteristics.
1387 root 1.6 </dd>
1388     <p></p>
1389 root 1.22 <dt><strong><a name="item_display_id">$x_display = $term-&gt;display_id</a></strong><br />
1390     </dt>
1391     <dd>
1392     Return the DISPLAY used by rxvt-unicode.
1393     </dd>
1394     <p></p>
1395 root 1.19 <dt><strong><a name="item_locale">$lc_ctype = $term-&gt;locale</a></strong><br />
1396     </dt>
1397     <dd>
1398     Returns the LC_CTYPE category string used by this rxvt-unicode.
1399     </dd>
1400     <p></p>
1401 root 1.22 <dt><strong><a name="item_env">$env = $term-&gt;env</a></strong><br />
1402 root 1.19 </dt>
1403     <dd>
1404 root 1.22 Returns a copy of the environment in effect for the terminal as a hashref
1405     similar to <code>\%ENV</code>.
1406 root 1.19 </dd>
1407     <p></p>
1408 root 1.43 <dt><strong><a name="item_envv">@envv = $term-&gt;envv</a></strong><br />
1409     </dt>
1410     <dd>
1411     Returns the environment as array of strings of the form <code>VAR=VALUE</code>.
1412     </dd>
1413     <p></p>
1414     <dt><strong><a name="item_argv">@argv = $term-&gt;argv</a></strong><br />
1415     </dt>
1416     <dd>
1417     Return the argument vector as this terminal, similar to @ARGV, but
1418     includes the program name as first element.
1419     </dd>
1420     <p></p>
1421 root 1.15 <dt><strong><a name="item_modlevel3mask">$modifiermask = $term-&gt;ModLevel3Mask</a></strong><br />
1422     </dt>
1423     <dt><strong><a name="item_modmetamask">$modifiermask = $term-&gt;ModMetaMask</a></strong><br />
1424     </dt>
1425     <dt><strong><a name="item_modnumlockmask">$modifiermask = $term-&gt;ModNumLockMask</a></strong><br />
1426     </dt>
1427     <dd>
1428     Return the modifier masks corresponding to the ``ISO Level 3 Shift'' (often
1429     AltGr), the meta key (often Alt) and the num lock key, if applicable.
1430     </dd>
1431     <p></p>
1432 root 1.35 <dt><strong><a name="item_current_screen">$screen = $term-&gt;current_screen</a></strong><br />
1433     </dt>
1434     <dd>
1435     Returns the currently displayed screen (0 primary, 1 secondary).
1436     </dd>
1437     <p></p>
1438 root 1.36 <dt><strong><a name="item_hidden_cursor">$cursor_is_hidden = $term-&gt;hidden_cursor</a></strong><br />
1439     </dt>
1440     <dd>
1441     Returns wether the cursor is currently hidden or not.
1442     </dd>
1443     <p></p>
1444 root 1.6 <dt><strong><a name="item_view_start">$view_start = $term-&gt;view_start ([$newvalue])</a></strong><br />
1445     </dt>
1446     <dd>
1447 root 1.30 Returns the row number of the topmost displayed line. Maximum value is
1448     <code>0</code>, which displays the normal terminal contents. Lower values scroll
1449 root 1.6 this many lines into the scrollback buffer.
1450     </dd>
1451     <p></p>
1452     <dt><strong><a name="item_want_refresh">$term-&gt;want_refresh</a></strong><br />
1453     </dt>
1454     <dd>
1455     Requests a screen refresh. At the next opportunity, rxvt-unicode will
1456     compare the on-screen display with its stored representation. If they
1457     differ, it redraws the differences.
1458     </dd>
1459     <dd>
1460     <p>Used after changing terminal contents to display them.</p>
1461     </dd>
1462     <p></p>
1463     <dt><strong><a name="item_row_t">$text = $term-&gt;ROW_t ($row_number[, $new_text[, $start_col]])</a></strong><br />
1464     </dt>
1465     <dd>
1466     Returns the text of the entire row with number <code>$row_number</code>. Row <code>0</code>
1467     is the topmost terminal line, row <code>$term-&gt;$ncol-1</code> is the bottommost
1468     terminal line. The scrollback buffer starts at line <code>-1</code> and extends to
1469 root 1.30 line <code>-$term-&gt;nsaved</code>. Nothing will be returned if a nonexistent line
1470 root 1.9 is requested.
1471 root 1.6 </dd>
1472     <dd>
1473     <p>If <code>$new_text</code> is specified, it will replace characters in the current
1474     line, starting at column <code>$start_col</code> (default <code>0</code>), which is useful
1475 root 1.8 to replace only parts of a line. The font index in the rendition will
1476 root 1.6 automatically be updated.</p>
1477     </dd>
1478     <dd>
1479 root 1.37 <p><a href="#item__24text"><code>$text</code></a> is in a special encoding: tabs and wide characters that use more
1480     than one cell when displayed are padded with <code>$urxvt::NOCHAR</code> (chr 65535)
1481 root 1.35 characters. Characters with combining characters and other characters that
1482     do not fit into the normal tetx encoding will be replaced with characters
1483     in the private use area.</p>
1484 root 1.6 </dd>
1485     <dd>
1486     <p>You have to obey this encoding when changing text. The advantage is
1487     that <code>substr</code> and similar functions work on screen cells and not on
1488     characters.</p>
1489     </dd>
1490     <dd>
1491 root 1.17 <p>The methods <a href="#item_special_encode"><code>$term-&gt;special_encode</code></a> and <a href="#item_special_decode"><code>$term-&gt;special_decode</code></a>
1492 root 1.6 can be used to convert normal strings into this encoding and vice versa.</p>
1493     </dd>
1494     <p></p>
1495     <dt><strong><a name="item_row_r">$rend = $term-&gt;ROW_r ($row_number[, $new_rend[, $start_col]])</a></strong><br />
1496     </dt>
1497     <dd>
1498     Like <a href="#item_row_t"><code>$term-&gt;ROW_t</code></a>, but returns an arrayref with rendition
1499     bitsets. Rendition bitsets contain information about colour, font, font
1500     styles and similar information. See also <a href="#item_row_t"><code>$term-&gt;ROW_t</code></a>.
1501     </dd>
1502     <dd>
1503     <p>When setting rendition, the font mask will be ignored.</p>
1504     </dd>
1505     <dd>
1506 root 1.8 <p>See the section on RENDITION, above.</p>
1507 root 1.6 </dd>
1508     <p></p>
1509     <dt><strong><a name="item_row_l">$length = $term-&gt;ROW_l ($row_number[, $new_length])</a></strong><br />
1510     </dt>
1511     <dd>
1512 root 1.9 Returns the number of screen cells that are in use (``the line
1513     length''). Unlike the urxvt core, this returns <a href="#item_ncol"><code>$term-&gt;ncol</code></a> if the
1514     line is joined with the following one.
1515     </dd>
1516     <p></p>
1517     <dt><strong><a name="item_is_longer">$bool = $term-&gt;is_longer ($row_number)</a></strong><br />
1518     </dt>
1519     <dd>
1520     Returns true if the row is part of a multiple-row logical ``line'' (i.e.
1521     joined with the following row), which means all characters are in use
1522     and it is continued on the next row (and possibly a continuation of the
1523     previous row(s)).
1524 root 1.6 </dd>
1525     <p></p>
1526 root 1.9 <dt><strong><a name="item_line">$line = $term-&gt;line ($row_number)</a></strong><br />
1527     </dt>
1528     <dd>
1529     Create and return a new <code>urxvt::line</code> object that stores information
1530     about the logical line that row <code>$row_number</code> is part of. It supports the
1531     following methods:
1532     </dd>
1533     <dl>
1534 root 1.14 <dt><strong><a name="item_t">$text = $line-&gt;t ([$new_text])</a></strong><br />
1535 root 1.9 </dt>
1536     <dd>
1537 root 1.14 Returns or replaces the full text of the line, similar to <a href="#item_row_t"><code>ROW_t</code></a>
1538 root 1.9 </dd>
1539     <p></p>
1540 root 1.14 <dt><strong><a name="item_r">$rend = $line-&gt;r ([$new_rend])</a></strong><br />
1541 root 1.9 </dt>
1542     <dd>
1543 root 1.14 Returns or replaces the full rendition array of the line, similar to <a href="#item_row_r"><code>ROW_r</code></a>
1544 root 1.9 </dd>
1545     <p></p>
1546     <dt><strong><a name="item_l">$length = $line-&gt;l</a></strong><br />
1547     </dt>
1548     <dd>
1549     Returns the length of the line in cells, similar to <a href="#item_row_l"><code>ROW_l</code></a>.
1550     </dd>
1551     <p></p>
1552     <dt><strong><a name="item_beg">$rownum = $line-&gt;beg</a></strong><br />
1553     </dt>
1554     <dt><strong><a name="item_end">$rownum = $line-&gt;end</a></strong><br />
1555     </dt>
1556     <dd>
1557     Return the row number of the first/last row of the line, respectively.
1558     </dd>
1559     <p></p>
1560     <dt><strong><a name="item_offset_of">$offset = $line-&gt;offset_of ($row, $col)</a></strong><br />
1561     </dt>
1562     <dd>
1563     Returns the character offset of the given row|col pair within the logical
1564 root 1.25 line. Works for rows outside the line, too, and returns corresponding
1565     offsets outside the string.
1566 root 1.9 </dd>
1567     <p></p>
1568     <dt><strong><a name="item_coord_of">($row, $col) = $line-&gt;coord_of ($offset)</a></strong><br />
1569     </dt>
1570     <dd>
1571     Translates a string offset into terminal coordinates again.
1572     </dd>
1573     <p></p></dl>
1574 root 1.17 <dt><strong><a name="item_special_encode">$text = $term-&gt;special_encode $string</a></strong><br />
1575 root 1.6 </dt>
1576     <dd>
1577     Converts a perl string into the special encoding used by rxvt-unicode,
1578     where one character corresponds to one screen cell. See
1579     <a href="#item_row_t"><code>$term-&gt;ROW_t</code></a> for details.
1580     </dd>
1581     <p></p>
1582     <dt><strong><a name="item_special_decode">$string = $term-&gt;special_decode $text</a></strong><br />
1583     </dt>
1584     <dd>
1585     Converts rxvt-unicodes text reprsentation into a perl string. See
1586     <a href="#item_row_t"><code>$term-&gt;ROW_t</code></a> for details.
1587     </dd>
1588 root 1.17 <p></p>
1589 root 1.40 <dt><strong><a name="item_grab_button">$success = $term-&gt;grab_button ($button, $modifiermask[, $window = $term-&gt;vt])</a></strong><br />
1590     </dt>
1591     <dt><strong><a name="item_ungrab_button">$term-&gt;ungrab_button ($button, $modifiermask[, $window = $term-&gt;vt])</a></strong><br />
1592 root 1.17 </dt>
1593     <dd>
1594 root 1.40 Register/unregister a synchronous button grab. See the XGrabButton
1595     manpage.
1596 root 1.17 </dd>
1597     <p></p>
1598     <dt><strong><a name="item_grab">$success = $term-&gt;grab ($eventtime[, $sync])</a></strong><br />
1599     </dt>
1600     <dd>
1601     Calls XGrabPointer and XGrabKeyboard in asynchronous (default) or
1602     synchronous (<code>$sync</code> is true). Also remembers the grab timestampe.
1603     </dd>
1604     <p></p>
1605     <dt><strong><a name="item_allow_events_async">$term-&gt;allow_events_async</a></strong><br />
1606     </dt>
1607     <dd>
1608     Calls XAllowEvents with AsyncBoth for the most recent grab.
1609     </dd>
1610     <p></p>
1611     <dt><strong><a name="item_allow_events_sync">$term-&gt;allow_events_sync</a></strong><br />
1612     </dt>
1613     <dd>
1614     Calls XAllowEvents with SyncBoth for the most recent grab.
1615     </dd>
1616     <p></p>
1617     <dt><strong><a name="item_allow_events_replay">$term-&gt;allow_events_replay</a></strong><br />
1618     </dt>
1619     <dd>
1620     Calls XAllowEvents with both ReplayPointer and ReplayKeyboard for the most
1621     recent grab.
1622     </dd>
1623     <p></p>
1624     <dt><strong><a name="item_ungrab">$term-&gt;ungrab</a></strong><br />
1625     </dt>
1626     <dd>
1627     Calls XUngrab for the most recent grab. Is called automatically on
1628     evaluation errors, as it is better to lose the grab in the error case as
1629     the session.
1630     </dd>
1631 root 1.35 <p></p>
1632     <dt><strong><a name="item_xinternatom">$atom = $term-&gt;XInternAtom ($atom_name[, $only_if_exists])</a></strong><br />
1633     </dt>
1634     <dt><strong><a name="item_xgetatomname">$atom_name = $term-&gt;XGetAtomName ($atom)</a></strong><br />
1635     </dt>
1636     <dt><strong><a name="item_xlistproperties">@atoms = $term-&gt;XListProperties ($window)</a></strong><br />
1637     </dt>
1638     <dt><strong><a name="item_xgetwindowproperty">($type,$format,$octets) = $term-&gt;XGetWindowProperty ($window, $property)</a></strong><br />
1639     </dt>
1640     <dt><strong><a name="item_xchangewindowproperty">$term-&gt;XChangeWindowProperty ($window, $property, $type, $format, $octets)</a></strong><br />
1641     </dt>
1642     <dt><strong><a name="item_xdeleteproperty">$term-&gt;XDeleteProperty ($window, $property)</a></strong><br />
1643     </dt>
1644     <dt><strong><a name="item_defaultrootwindow">$window = $term-&gt;DefaultRootWindow</a></strong><br />
1645     </dt>
1646     <dt><strong><a name="item_xreparentwindow">$term-&gt;XReparentWindow ($window, $parent, [$x, $y])</a></strong><br />
1647     </dt>
1648     <dt><strong><a name="item_xmapwindow">$term-&gt;XMapWindow ($window)</a></strong><br />
1649     </dt>
1650     <dt><strong><a name="item_xunmapwindow">$term-&gt;XUnmapWindow ($window)</a></strong><br />
1651     </dt>
1652     <dt><strong><a name="item_xmoveresizewindow">$term-&gt;XMoveResizeWindow ($window, $x, $y, $width, $height)</a></strong><br />
1653     </dt>
1654     <dt><strong><a name="item_xtranslatecoordinates">($x, $y, $child_window) = $term-&gt;XTranslateCoordinates ($src, $dst, $x, $y)</a></strong><br />
1655     </dt>
1656     <dt><strong><a name="item_xchangeinput">$term-&gt;XChangeInput ($window, $add_events[, $del_events])</a></strong><br />
1657     </dt>
1658     <dd>
1659     Various X or X-related functions. The <code>$term</code> object only serves as
1660     the source of the display, otherwise those functions map more-or-less
1661     directory onto the X functions of the same name.
1662     </dd>
1663 root 1.6 <p></p></dl>
1664     <p>
1665     </p>
1666 root 1.15 <h2><a name="the_urxvt__popup_class">The <code>urxvt::popup</code> Class</a></h2>
1667 root 1.21 <dl>
1668     <dt><strong><a name="item_add_title">$popup-&gt;add_title ($title)</a></strong><br />
1669     </dt>
1670     <dd>
1671     Adds a non-clickable title to the popup.
1672     </dd>
1673     <p></p>
1674     <dt><strong><a name="item_add_separator">$popup-&gt;add_separator ([$sepchr])</a></strong><br />
1675     </dt>
1676     <dd>
1677     Creates a separator, optionally using the character given as <code>$sepchr</code>.
1678     </dd>
1679     <p></p>
1680     <dt><strong><a name="item_add_button">$popup-&gt;add_button ($text, $cb)</a></strong><br />
1681     </dt>
1682     <dd>
1683     Adds a clickable button to the popup. <code>$cb</code> is called whenever it is
1684     selected.
1685     </dd>
1686     <p></p>
1687 root 1.42 <dt><strong><a name="item_add_toggle">$popup-&gt;add_toggle ($text, $initial_value, $cb)</a></strong><br />
1688 root 1.21 </dt>
1689     <dd>
1690 root 1.42 Adds a toggle/checkbox item to the popup. The callback gets called
1691     whenever it gets toggled, with a boolean indicating its new value as its
1692     first argument.
1693 root 1.21 </dd>
1694     <p></p>
1695     <dt><strong>$popup-&gt;show</strong><br />
1696     </dt>
1697     <dd>
1698     Displays the popup (which is initially hidden).
1699     </dd>
1700     <p></p></dl>
1701 root 1.15 <p>
1702     </p>
1703 root 1.1 <h2><a name="the_urxvt__timer_class">The <code>urxvt::timer</code> Class</a></h2>
1704     <p>This class implements timer watchers/events. Time is represented as a
1705     fractional number of seconds since the epoch. Example:</p>
1706     <pre>
1707 root 1.8 $term-&gt;{overlay} = $term-&gt;overlay (-1, 0, 8, 1, urxvt::OVERLAY_RSTYLE, 0);
1708 root 1.1 $term-&gt;{timer} = urxvt::timer
1709     -&gt;new
1710 root 1.8 -&gt;interval (1)
1711 root 1.1 -&gt;cb (sub {
1712 root 1.8 $term-&gt;{overlay}-&gt;set (0, 0,
1713     sprintf &quot;%2d:%02d:%02d&quot;, (localtime urxvt::NOW)[2,1,0]);
1714 root 1.1 });</pre>
1715     <dl>
1716     <dt><strong><a name="item__24timer__3d_new_urxvt_3a_3atimer">$timer = new urxvt::timer</a></strong><br />
1717     </dt>
1718     <dd>
1719 root 1.8 Create a new timer object in started state. It is scheduled to fire
1720     immediately.
1721 root 1.1 </dd>
1722     <p></p>
1723     <dt><strong><a name="item_cb">$timer = $timer-&gt;cb (sub { my ($timer) = @_; ... })</a></strong><br />
1724     </dt>
1725     <dd>
1726     Set the callback to be called when the timer triggers.
1727     </dd>
1728     <p></p>
1729     <dt><strong><a name="item_at">$tstamp = $timer-&gt;at</a></strong><br />
1730     </dt>
1731     <dd>
1732     Return the time this watcher will fire next.
1733     </dd>
1734     <p></p>
1735 root 1.8 <dt><strong>$timer = $timer-&gt;set ($tstamp)</strong><br />
1736 root 1.1 </dt>
1737     <dd>
1738     Set the time the event is generated to $tstamp.
1739     </dd>
1740     <p></p>
1741 root 1.8 <dt><strong><a name="item_interval">$timer = $timer-&gt;interval ($interval)</a></strong><br />
1742     </dt>
1743     <dd>
1744     Normally (and when <code>$interval</code> is <code>0</code>), the timer will automatically
1745     stop after it has fired once. If <code>$interval</code> is non-zero, then the timer
1746     is automatically rescheduled at the given intervals.
1747     </dd>
1748     <p></p>
1749 root 1.1 <dt><strong><a name="item_start">$timer = $timer-&gt;start</a></strong><br />
1750     </dt>
1751     <dd>
1752     Start the timer.
1753     </dd>
1754     <p></p>
1755     <dt><strong>$timer = $timer-&gt;start ($tstamp)</strong><br />
1756     </dt>
1757     <dd>
1758     Set the event trigger time to <code>$tstamp</code> and start the timer.
1759     </dd>
1760     <p></p>
1761 root 1.33 <dt><strong><a name="item_after">$timer = $timer-&gt;after ($delay)</a></strong><br />
1762     </dt>
1763     <dd>
1764     Like <a href="#item_start"><code>start</code></a>, but sets the expiry timer to c&lt;urxvt::NOW + $delay&gt;.
1765     </dd>
1766     <p></p>
1767 root 1.1 <dt><strong><a name="item_stop">$timer = $timer-&gt;stop</a></strong><br />
1768     </dt>
1769     <dd>
1770     Stop the timer.
1771     </dd>
1772     <p></p></dl>
1773     <p>
1774     </p>
1775     <h2><a name="the_urxvt__iow_class">The <code>urxvt::iow</code> Class</a></h2>
1776     <p>This class implements io watchers/events. Example:</p>
1777     <pre>
1778     $term-&gt;{socket} = ...
1779     $term-&gt;{iow} = urxvt::iow
1780     -&gt;new
1781     -&gt;fd (fileno $term-&gt;{socket})
1782 root 1.19 -&gt;events (urxvt::EVENT_READ)
1783 root 1.1 -&gt;start
1784     -&gt;cb (sub {
1785     my ($iow, $revents) = @_;
1786     # $revents must be 1 here, no need to check
1787     sysread $term-&gt;{socket}, my $buf, 8192
1788     or end-of-file;
1789     });</pre>
1790     <dl>
1791     <dt><strong><a name="item__24iow__3d_new_urxvt_3a_3aiow">$iow = new urxvt::iow</a></strong><br />
1792     </dt>
1793     <dd>
1794     Create a new io watcher object in stopped state.
1795     </dd>
1796     <p></p>
1797     <dt><strong>$iow = $iow-&gt;cb (sub { my ($iow, $reventmask) = @_; ... })</strong><br />
1798     </dt>
1799     <dd>
1800     Set the callback to be called when io events are triggered. <code>$reventmask</code>
1801     is a bitset as described in the <a href="#item_events"><code>events</code></a> method.
1802     </dd>
1803     <p></p>
1804     <dt><strong><a name="item_fd">$iow = $iow-&gt;fd ($fd)</a></strong><br />
1805     </dt>
1806     <dd>
1807     Set the filedescriptor (not handle) to watch.
1808     </dd>
1809     <p></p>
1810     <dt><strong><a name="item_events">$iow = $iow-&gt;events ($eventmask)</a></strong><br />
1811     </dt>
1812     <dd>
1813 root 1.19 Set the event mask to watch. The only allowed values are
1814     <code>urxvt::EVENT_READ</code> and <code>urxvt::EVENT_WRITE</code>, which might be ORed
1815     together, or <code>urxvt::EVENT_NONE</code>.
1816 root 1.1 </dd>
1817     <p></p>
1818     <dt><strong>$iow = $iow-&gt;start</strong><br />
1819     </dt>
1820     <dd>
1821     Start watching for requested events on the given handle.
1822     </dd>
1823     <p></p>
1824     <dt><strong>$iow = $iow-&gt;stop</strong><br />
1825     </dt>
1826     <dd>
1827     Stop watching for events on the given filehandle.
1828     </dd>
1829     <p></p></dl>
1830     <p>
1831     </p>
1832 root 1.34 <h2><a name="the_urxvt__iw_class">The <code>urxvt::iw</code> Class</a></h2>
1833     <p>This class implements idle watchers, that get called automatically when
1834     the process is idle. They should return as fast as possible, after doing
1835     some useful work.</p>
1836     <dl>
1837     <dt><strong><a name="item__24iw__3d_new_urxvt_3a_3aiw">$iw = new urxvt::iw</a></strong><br />
1838     </dt>
1839     <dd>
1840     Create a new idle watcher object in stopped state.
1841     </dd>
1842     <p></p>
1843     <dt><strong>$iw = $iw-&gt;cb (sub { my ($iw) = @_; ... })</strong><br />
1844     </dt>
1845     <dd>
1846     Set the callback to be called when the watcher triggers.
1847     </dd>
1848     <p></p>
1849     <dt><strong>$timer = $timer-&gt;start</strong><br />
1850     </dt>
1851     <dd>
1852     Start the watcher.
1853     </dd>
1854     <p></p>
1855     <dt><strong>$timer = $timer-&gt;stop</strong><br />
1856     </dt>
1857     <dd>
1858     Stop the watcher.
1859     </dd>
1860     <p></p></dl>
1861     <p>
1862     </p>
1863     <h2><a name="the_urxvt__pw_class">The <code>urxvt::pw</code> Class</a></h2>
1864     <p>This class implements process watchers. They create an event whenever a
1865     process exits, after which they stop automatically.</p>
1866     <pre>
1867     my $pid = fork;
1868     ...
1869     $term-&gt;{pw} = urxvt::pw
1870     -&gt;new
1871     -&gt;start ($pid)
1872     -&gt;cb (sub {
1873     my ($pw, $exit_status) = @_;
1874     ...
1875     });</pre>
1876     <dl>
1877     <dt><strong><a name="item__24pw__3d_new_urxvt_3a_3apw">$pw = new urxvt::pw</a></strong><br />
1878     </dt>
1879     <dd>
1880     Create a new process watcher in stopped state.
1881     </dd>
1882     <p></p>
1883     <dt><strong>$pw = $pw-&gt;cb (sub { my ($pw, $exit_status) = @_; ... })</strong><br />
1884     </dt>
1885     <dd>
1886     Set the callback to be called when the timer triggers.
1887     </dd>
1888     <p></p>
1889     <dt><strong>$pw = $timer-&gt;start ($pid)</strong><br />
1890     </dt>
1891     <dd>
1892     Tells the wqtcher to start watching for process <code>$pid</code>.
1893     </dd>
1894     <p></p>
1895     <dt><strong>$pw = $pw-&gt;stop</strong><br />
1896     </dt>
1897     <dd>
1898     Stop the watcher.
1899     </dd>
1900     <p></p></dl>
1901     <p>
1902     </p>
1903 root 1.1 <hr />
1904 root 1.2 <h1><a name="environment">ENVIRONMENT</a></h1>
1905     <p>
1906     </p>
1907     <h2><a name="urxvt_perl_verbosity">URXVT_PERL_VERBOSITY</a></h2>
1908     <p>This variable controls the verbosity level of the perl extension. Higher
1909     numbers indicate more verbose output.</p>
1910 root 1.10 <dl>
1911 root 1.17 <dt><strong><a name="item__3d_3d_0__2d_fatal_messages">== 0 - fatal messages</a></strong><br />
1912 root 1.10 </dt>
1913 root 1.17 <dt><strong><a name="item__3e_3d_3__2d_script_loading_and_management">&gt;= 3 - script loading and management</a></strong><br />
1914 root 1.10 </dt>
1915 root 1.25 <dt><strong><a name="item__3e_3d10__2d_all_called_hooks">&gt;=10 - all called hooks</a></strong><br />
1916     </dt>
1917     <dt><strong><a name="item__3e_3d11__2d_hook_reutrn_values">&gt;=11 - hook reutrn values</a></strong><br />
1918 root 1.10 </dt>
1919     </dl>
1920 root 1.2 <p>
1921     </p>
1922     <hr />
1923 root 1.1 <h1><a name="author">AUTHOR</a></h1>
1924     <pre>
1925     Marc Lehmann &lt;pcg@goof.com&gt;
1926     <a href="http://software.schmorp.de/pkg/rxvt-unicode">http://software.schmorp.de/pkg/rxvt-unicode</a></pre>
1927    
1928     </body>
1929    
1930     </html>