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1 <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
2 <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
3 <head>
4 <title>rxvtperl - rxvt-unicode's embedded perl interpreter</title>
5 <link rev="made" href="mailto:perl-binary@plan9.de" />
6 </head>
7
8 <body style="background-color: white">
9
10 <p><a name="__index__"></a></p>
11 <!-- INDEX BEGIN -->
12
13 <ul>
14
15 <li><a href="#name">NAME</a></li>
16 <li><a href="#synopsis">SYNOPSIS</a></li>
17 <li><a href="#description">DESCRIPTION</a></li>
18 <li><a href="#prepackaged_extensions">PREPACKAGED EXTENSIONS</a></li>
19 <li><a href="#api_documentation">API DOCUMENTATION</a></li>
20 <ul>
21
22 <li><a href="#general_api_considerations">General API Considerations</a></li>
23 <li><a href="#extension_objects">Extension Objects</a></li>
24 <li><a href="#hooks">Hooks</a></li>
25 <li><a href="#variables_in_the_urxvt_package">Variables in the <code>urxvt</code> Package</a></li>
26 <li><a href="#functions_in_the_urxvt_package">Functions in the <code>urxvt</code> Package</a></li>
27 <li><a href="#rendition">RENDITION</a></li>
28 <li><a href="#the_urxvt__anyevent_class">The <code>urxvt::anyevent</code> Class</a></li>
29 <li><a href="#the_urxvt__term_class">The <code>urxvt::term</code> Class</a></li>
30 <li><a href="#the_urxvt__popup_class">The <code>urxvt::popup</code> Class</a></li>
31 <li><a href="#the_urxvt__timer_class">The <code>urxvt::timer</code> Class</a></li>
32 <li><a href="#the_urxvt__iow_class">The <code>urxvt::iow</code> Class</a></li>
33 <li><a href="#the_urxvt__iw_class">The <code>urxvt::iw</code> Class</a></li>
34 <li><a href="#the_urxvt__pw_class">The <code>urxvt::pw</code> Class</a></li>
35 </ul>
36
37 <li><a href="#environment">ENVIRONMENT</a></li>
38 <ul>
39
40 <li><a href="#urxvt_perl_verbosity">URXVT_PERL_VERBOSITY</a></li>
41 </ul>
42
43 <li><a href="#author">AUTHOR</a></li>
44 </ul>
45 <!-- INDEX END -->
46
47 <hr />
48 <p>
49 </p>
50 <hr />
51 <h1><a name="name">NAME</a></h1>
52 <p>rxvtperl - rxvt-unicode's embedded perl interpreter</p>
53 <p>
54 </p>
55 <hr />
56 <h1><a name="synopsis">SYNOPSIS</a></h1>
57 <pre>
58 # create a file grab_test in $HOME:</pre>
59 <pre>
60 sub on_sel_grab {
61 warn &quot;you selected &quot;, $_[0]-&gt;selection;
62 ()
63 }</pre>
64 <pre>
65 # start a rxvt using it:</pre>
66 <pre>
67 rxvt --perl-lib $HOME -pe grab_test</pre>
68 <p>
69 </p>
70 <hr />
71 <h1><a name="description">DESCRIPTION</a></h1>
72 <p>Everytime a terminal object gets created, extension scripts specified via
73 the <code>perl</code> resource are loaded and associated with it.</p>
74 <p>Scripts are compiled in a 'use strict' and 'use utf8' environment, and
75 thus must be encoded as UTF-8.</p>
76 <p>Each script will only ever be loaded once, even in rxvtd, where
77 scripts will be shared (but not enabled) for all terminals.</p>
78 <p>
79 </p>
80 <hr />
81 <h1><a name="prepackaged_extensions">PREPACKAGED EXTENSIONS</a></h1>
82 <p>This section describes the extensions delivered with this release. You can
83 find them in <em>/opt/rxvt/lib/urxvt/perl/</em>.</p>
84 <p>You can activate them like this:</p>
85 <pre>
86 rxvt -pe &lt;extensionname&gt;</pre>
87 <p>Or by adding them to the resource for extensions loaded by default:</p>
88 <pre>
89 URxvt.perl-ext-common: default,automove-background,selection-autotransform</pre>
90 <dl>
91 <dt><strong><a name="item_selection">selection (enabled by default)</a></strong><br />
92 </dt>
93 <dd>
94 (More) intelligent selection. This extension tries to be more intelligent
95 when the user extends selections (double-click and further clicks). Right
96 now, it tries to select words, urls and complete shell-quoted
97 arguments, which is very convenient, too, if your <em>ls</em> supports
98 <code>--quoting-style=shell</code>.
99 </dd>
100 <dd>
101 <p>A double-click usually selects the word under the cursor, further clicks
102 will enlarge the selection.</p>
103 </dd>
104 <dd>
105 <p>The selection works by trying to match a number of regexes and displaying
106 them in increasing order of length. You can add your own regexes by
107 specifying resources of the form:</p>
108 </dd>
109 <dd>
110 <pre>
111 URxvt.selection.pattern-0: perl-regex
112 URxvt.selection.pattern-1: perl-regex
113 ...</pre>
114 </dd>
115 <dd>
116 <p>The index number (0, 1...) must not have any holes, and each regex must
117 contain at least one pair of capturing parentheses, which will be used for
118 the match. For example, the followign adds a regex that matches everything
119 between two vertical bars:</p>
120 </dd>
121 <dd>
122 <pre>
123 URxvt.selection.pattern-0: \\|([^|]+)\\|</pre>
124 </dd>
125 <dd>
126 <p>Another example: Programs I use often output ``absolute path: '' at the
127 beginning of a line when they process multiple files. The following
128 pattern matches the filename (note, there is a single space at the very
129 end):</p>
130 </dd>
131 <dd>
132 <pre>
133 URxvt.selection.pattern-0: ^(/[^:]+):\</pre>
134 </dd>
135 <dd>
136 <p>You can look at the source of the selection extension to see more
137 interesting uses, such as parsing a line from beginning to end.</p>
138 </dd>
139 <dd>
140 <p>This extension also offers following bindable keyboard commands:</p>
141 </dd>
142 <dl>
143 <dt><strong><a name="item_rot13">rot13</a></strong><br />
144 </dt>
145 <dd>
146 Rot-13 the selection when activated. Used via keyboard trigger:
147 </dd>
148 <dd>
149 <pre>
150 URxvt.keysym.C-M-r: perl:selection:rot13</pre>
151 </dd>
152 <p></p></dl>
153 <dt><strong><a name="item_popup">option-popup (enabled by default)</a></strong><br />
154 </dt>
155 <dd>
156 Binds a popup menu to Ctrl-Button2 that lets you toggle (some) options at
157 runtime.
158 </dd>
159 <p></p>
160 <dt><strong>selection-popup (enabled by default)</strong><br />
161 </dt>
162 <dd>
163 Binds a popup menu to Ctrl-Button3 that lets you convert the selection
164 text into various other formats/action (such as uri unescaping, perl
165 evaluation, web-browser starting etc.), depending on content.
166 </dd>
167 <dd>
168 <p>Other extensions can extend this popup menu by pushing a code reference
169 onto <code>@{ $term-</code>{selection_popup_hook} }&gt;, that is called whenever the
170 popup is displayed.</p>
171 </dd>
172 <dd>
173 <p>It's sole argument is the popup menu, which can be modified. The selection
174 is in <code>$_</code>, which can be used to decide wether to add something or not.
175 It should either return nothing or a string and a code reference. The
176 string will be used as button text and the code reference will be called
177 when the button gets activated and should transform <code>$_</code>.</p>
178 </dd>
179 <dd>
180 <p>The following will add an entry <code>a to b</code> that transforms all <code>a</code>s in
181 the selection to <code>b</code>s, but only if the selection currently contains any
182 <code>a</code>s:</p>
183 </dd>
184 <dd>
185 <pre>
186 push @{ $self-&gt;{term}{selection_popup_hook} }, sub {
187 /a/ ? (&quot;a to be&quot; =&gt; sub { s/a/b/g }
188 : ()
189 };</pre>
190 </dd>
191 <p></p>
192 <dt><strong><a name="item_searchable_2dscrollback_3chotkey_3e__28enabled_by_">searchable-scrollback&lt;hotkey&gt; (enabled by default)</a></strong><br />
193 </dt>
194 <dd>
195 Adds regex search functionality to the scrollback buffer, triggered
196 by a hotkey (default: <code>M-s</code>). While in search mode, normal terminal
197 input/output is suspended and a regex is displayed at the bottom of the
198 screen.
199 </dd>
200 <dd>
201 <p>Inputting characters appends them to the regex and continues incremental
202 search. <code>BackSpace</code> removes a character from the regex, <code>Up</code> and <code>Down</code>
203 search upwards/downwards in the scrollback buffer, <code>End</code> jumps to the
204 bottom. <code>Escape</code> leaves search mode and returns to the point where search
205 was started, while <code>Enter</code> or <code>Return</code> stay at the current position and
206 additionally stores the first match in the current line into the primary
207 selection.</p>
208 </dd>
209 <p></p>
210 <dt><strong><a name="item_readline">readline (enabled by default)</a></strong><br />
211 </dt>
212 <dd>
213 A support package that tries to make editing with readline easier. At the
214 moment, it reacts to clicking with the left mouse button by trying to
215 move the text cursor to this position. It does so by generating as many
216 cursor-left or cursor-right keypresses as required (the this only works
217 for programs that correctly support wide characters).
218 </dd>
219 <dd>
220 <p>To avoid too many false positives, this is only done when:</p>
221 </dd>
222 <dl>
223 <dt><strong><a name="item__2d_the_tty_is_in_icanon_state_2e">- the tty is in ICANON state.</a></strong><br />
224 </dt>
225 <dt><strong><a name="item__2d_the_text_cursor_is_visible_2e">- the text cursor is visible.</a></strong><br />
226 </dt>
227 <dt><strong><a name="item__2d_the_primary_screen_is_currently_being_displaye">- the primary screen is currently being displayed.</a></strong><br />
228 </dt>
229 <dt><strong><a name="item_same">- the mouse is on the same (multi-row-) line as the text cursor.</a></strong><br />
230 </dt>
231 </dl>
232 <p>The normal selection mechanism isn't disabled, so quick successive clicks
233 might interfere with selection creation in harmless ways.</p>
234 <dt><strong><a name="item_selection_2dautotransform">selection-autotransform</a></strong><br />
235 </dt>
236 <dd>
237 This selection allows you to do automatic transforms on a selection
238 whenever a selection is made.
239 </dd>
240 <dd>
241 <p>It works by specifying perl snippets (most useful is a single <code>s///</code>
242 operator) that modify <code>$_</code> as resources:</p>
243 </dd>
244 <dd>
245 <pre>
246 URxvt.selection-autotransform.0: transform
247 URxvt.selection-autotransform.1: transform
248 ...</pre>
249 </dd>
250 <dd>
251 <p>For example, the following will transform selections of the form
252 <code>filename:number</code>, often seen in compiler messages, into <code>vi +$filename
253 $word</code>:</p>
254 </dd>
255 <dd>
256 <pre>
257 URxvt.selection-autotransform.0: s/^([^:[:space:]]+):(\\d+):?$/vi +$2 \\Q$1\\E\\x0d/</pre>
258 </dd>
259 <dd>
260 <p>And this example matches the same,but replaces it with vi-commands you can
261 paste directly into your (vi :) editor:</p>
262 </dd>
263 <dd>
264 <pre>
265 URxvt.selection-autotransform.0: s/^([^:[:space:]]+(\\d+):?$/:e \\Q$1\\E\\x0d:$2\\x0d/</pre>
266 </dd>
267 <dd>
268 <p>Of course, this can be modified to suit your needs and your editor :)</p>
269 </dd>
270 <dd>
271 <p>To expand the example above to typical perl error messages (``XXX at
272 FILENAME line YYY.''), you need a slightly more elaborate solution:</p>
273 </dd>
274 <dd>
275 <pre>
276 URxvt.selection.pattern-0: ( at .*? line \\d+[,.])
277 URxvt.selection-autotransform.0: s/^ at (.*?) line (\\d+)[,.]$/:e \\Q$1\E\\x0d:$2\\x0d/</pre>
278 </dd>
279 <dd>
280 <p>The first line tells the selection code to treat the unchanging part of
281 every error message as a selection pattern, and the second line transforms
282 the message into vi commands to load the file.</p>
283 </dd>
284 <p></p>
285 <dt><strong><a name="item_tabbed">tabbed</a></strong><br />
286 </dt>
287 <dd>
288 This transforms the terminal into a tabbar with additional terminals, that
289 is, it implements what is commonly refered to as ``tabbed terminal''. The topmost line
290 displays a ``[NEW]'' button, which, when clicked, will add a new tab, followed by one
291 button per tab.
292 </dd>
293 <dd>
294 <p>Clicking a button will activate that tab. Pressing <strong>Shift-Left</strong> and
295 <strong>Shift-Right</strong> will switch to the tab left or right of the current one,
296 while <strong>Shift-Down</strong> creates a new tab.</p>
297 </dd>
298 <p></p>
299 <dt><strong><a name="item_mark_2durls">mark-urls</a></strong><br />
300 </dt>
301 <dd>
302 Uses per-line display filtering (<code>on_line_update</code>) to underline urls and
303 make them clickable. When middle-clicked, the program specified in the
304 resource <code>urlLauncher</code> (default <code>x-www-browser</code>) will be started with
305 the URL as first argument.
306 </dd>
307 <p></p>
308 <dt><strong><a name="item_xim_2donthespot">xim-onthespot</a></strong><br />
309 </dt>
310 <dd>
311 This (experimental) perl extension implements OnTheSpot editing. It does
312 not work perfectly, and some input methods don't seem to work well with
313 OnTheSpot editing in general, but it seems to work at leats for SCIM and
314 kinput2.
315 </dd>
316 <dd>
317 <p>You enable it by specifying this extension and a preedit style of
318 <code>OnTheSpot</code>, i.e.:</p>
319 </dd>
320 <dd>
321 <pre>
322 rxvt -pt OnTheSpot -pe xim-onthespot</pre>
323 </dd>
324 <p></p>
325 <dt><strong><a name="item_automove_2dbackground">automove-background</a></strong><br />
326 </dt>
327 <dd>
328 This is basically a one-line extension that dynamically changes the background pixmap offset
329 to the window position, in effect creating the same effect as pseudo transparency with
330 a custom pixmap. No scaling is supported in this mode. Exmaple:
331 </dd>
332 <dd>
333 <pre>
334 rxvt -pixmap background.xpm -pe automove-background</pre>
335 </dd>
336 <p></p>
337 <dt><strong><a name="item_block_2dgraphics_2dto_2dascii">block-graphics-to-ascii</a></strong><br />
338 </dt>
339 <dd>
340 A not very useful example of filtering all text output to the terminal,
341 by replacing all line-drawing characters (U+2500 .. U+259F) by a
342 similar-looking ascii character.
343 </dd>
344 <p></p>
345 <dt><strong><a name="item_digital_2dclock">digital-clock</a></strong><br />
346 </dt>
347 <dd>
348 Displays a digital clock using the built-in overlay.
349 </dd>
350 <p></p>
351 <dt><strong><a name="item_example_2drefresh_2dhooks">example-refresh-hooks</a></strong><br />
352 </dt>
353 <dd>
354 Displays a very simple digital clock in the upper right corner of the
355 window. Illustrates overwriting the refresh callbacks to create your own
356 overlays or changes.
357 </dd>
358 <p></p>
359 <dt><strong><a name="item_selection_2dpastebin">selection-pastebin</a></strong><br />
360 </dt>
361 <dd>
362 This is a little rarely useful extension that Uploads the selection as
363 textfile to a remote site (or does other things). (The implementation is
364 not currently secure for use in a multiuser environment as it writes to
365 <em>/tmp</em> directly.).
366 </dd>
367 <dd>
368 <p>It listens to the <code>selection-pastebin:remote-pastebin</code> keyboard command,
369 i.e.</p>
370 </dd>
371 <dd>
372 <pre>
373 URxvt.keysym.C-M-e: perl:selection-pastebin:remote-pastebin</pre>
374 </dd>
375 <dd>
376 <p>Pressing this combination runs a command with <code>%</code> replaced by the name of
377 the textfile. This command can be set via a resource:</p>
378 </dd>
379 <dd>
380 <pre>
381 URxvt.selection-pastebin.cmd: rsync -apP % ruth:/var/www/www.ta-sa.org/files/txt/.</pre>
382 </dd>
383 <dd>
384 <p>And the default is likely not useful to anybody but the few people around
385 here :)</p>
386 </dd>
387 <dd>
388 <p>The name of the textfile is the hex encoded md5 sum of the selection, so
389 the same content should lead to the same filename.</p>
390 </dd>
391 <dd>
392 <p>After a successful upload the selection will be replaced by the text given
393 in the <code>selection-pastebin-url</code> resource (again, the % is the placeholder
394 for the filename):</p>
395 </dd>
396 <dd>
397 <pre>
398 URxvt.selection-pastebin.url: <a href="http://www.ta-sa.org/files/txt/%">http://www.ta-sa.org/files/txt/%</a></pre>
399 </dd>
400 <p></p></dl>
401 <p>
402 </p>
403 <hr />
404 <h1><a name="api_documentation">API DOCUMENTATION</a></h1>
405 <p>
406 </p>
407 <h2><a name="general_api_considerations">General API Considerations</a></h2>
408 <p>All objects (such as terminals, time watchers etc.) are typical
409 reference-to-hash objects. The hash can be used to store anything you
410 like. All members starting with an underscore (such as <code>_ptr</code> or
411 <code>_hook</code>) are reserved for internal uses and <strong>MUST NOT</strong> be accessed or
412 modified).</p>
413 <p>When objects are destroyed on the C++ side, the perl object hashes are
414 emptied, so its best to store related objects such as time watchers and
415 the like inside the terminal object so they get destroyed as soon as the
416 terminal is destroyed.</p>
417 <p>Argument names also often indicate the type of a parameter. Here are some
418 hints on what they mean:</p>
419 <dl>
420 <dt><strong><a name="item__24text">$text</a></strong><br />
421 </dt>
422 <dd>
423 Rxvt-unicodes special way of encoding text, where one ``unicode'' character
424 always represents one screen cell. See <a href="#item_row_t">ROW_t</a> for a discussion of this format.
425 </dd>
426 <p></p>
427 <dt><strong><a name="item__24string">$string</a></strong><br />
428 </dt>
429 <dd>
430 A perl text string, with an emphasis on <em>text</em>. It can store all unicode
431 characters and is to be distinguished with text encoded in a specific
432 encoding (often locale-specific) and binary data.
433 </dd>
434 <p></p>
435 <dt><strong><a name="item__24octets">$octets</a></strong><br />
436 </dt>
437 <dd>
438 Either binary data or - more common - a text string encoded in a
439 locale-specific way.
440 </dd>
441 <p></p></dl>
442 <p>
443 </p>
444 <h2><a name="extension_objects">Extension Objects</a></h2>
445 <p>Very perl extension is a perl class. A separate perl object is created
446 for each terminal and each extension and passed as the first parameter to
447 hooks. So extensions can use their <code>$self</code> object without having to think
448 about other extensions, with the exception of methods and members that
449 begin with an underscore character <code>_</code>: these are reserved for internal
450 use.</p>
451 <p>Although it isn't a <code>urxvt::term</code> object, you can call all methods of the
452 <code>urxvt::term</code> class on this object.</p>
453 <p>It has the following methods and data members:</p>
454 <dl>
455 <dt><strong><a name="item__24urxvt_term__3d__24self_2d_3e_7bterm_7d">$urxvt_term = $self-&gt;{term}</a></strong><br />
456 </dt>
457 <dd>
458 Returns the <code>urxvt::term</code> object associated with this instance of the
459 extension. This member <em>must not</em> be changed in any way.
460 </dd>
461 <p></p>
462 <dt><strong><a name="item_enable">$self-&gt;enable ($hook_name =&gt; $cb, [$hook_name =&gt; $cb..])</a></strong><br />
463 </dt>
464 <dd>
465 Dynamically enable the given hooks (named without the <code>on_</code> prefix) for
466 this extension, replacing any previous hook. This is useful when you want
467 to overwrite time-critical hooks only temporarily.
468 </dd>
469 <p></p>
470 <dt><strong><a name="item_disable">$self-&gt;disable ($hook_name[, $hook_name..])</a></strong><br />
471 </dt>
472 <dd>
473 Dynamically disable the given hooks.
474 </dd>
475 <p></p></dl>
476 <p>
477 </p>
478 <h2><a name="hooks">Hooks</a></h2>
479 <p>The following subroutines can be declared in extension files, and will be
480 called whenever the relevant event happens.</p>
481 <p>The first argument passed to them is an extension oject as described in
482 the in the <code>Extension Objects</code> section.</p>
483 <p><strong>All</strong> of these hooks must return a boolean value. If any of the called
484 hooks returns true, then the event counts as being <em>consumed</em>, and the
485 relevant action might not be carried out by the C++ code.</p>
486 <p><em>When in doubt, return a false value (preferably <code>()</code>). </em>&gt;</p>
487 <dl>
488 <dt><strong><a name="item_on_init__24term">on_init $term</a></strong><br />
489 </dt>
490 <dd>
491 Called after a new terminal object has been initialized, but before
492 windows are created or the command gets run. Most methods are unsafe to
493 call or deliver senseless data, as terminal size and other characteristics
494 have not yet been determined. You can safely query and change resources
495 and options, though. For many purposes the <code>on_start</code> hook is a better
496 place.
497 </dd>
498 <p></p>
499 <dt><strong><a name="item_on_start__24term">on_start $term</a></strong><br />
500 </dt>
501 <dd>
502 Called at the very end of initialisation of a new terminal, just before
503 trying to map (display) the toplevel and returning to the mainloop.
504 </dd>
505 <p></p>
506 <dt><strong><a name="item_on_destroy__24term">on_destroy $term</a></strong><br />
507 </dt>
508 <dd>
509 Called whenever something tries to destroy terminal, when the terminal is
510 still fully functional (not for long, though).
511 </dd>
512 <p></p>
513 <dt><strong><a name="item_on_reset__24term">on_reset $term</a></strong><br />
514 </dt>
515 <dd>
516 Called after the screen is ``reset'' for any reason, such as resizing or
517 control sequences. Here is where you can react on changes to size-related
518 variables.
519 </dd>
520 <p></p>
521 <dt><strong><a name="item_on_child_start__24term_2c__24pid">on_child_start $term, $pid</a></strong><br />
522 </dt>
523 <dd>
524 Called just after the child process has been <code>fork</code>ed.
525 </dd>
526 <p></p>
527 <dt><strong><a name="item_on_child_exit__24term_2c__24status">on_child_exit $term, $status</a></strong><br />
528 </dt>
529 <dd>
530 Called just after the child process has exited. <code>$status</code> is the status
531 from <code>waitpid</code>.
532 </dd>
533 <p></p>
534 <dt><strong><a name="item_on_sel_make__24term_2c__24eventtime">on_sel_make $term, $eventtime</a></strong><br />
535 </dt>
536 <dd>
537 Called whenever a selection has been made by the user, but before the
538 selection text is copied, so changes to the beginning, end or type of the
539 selection will be honored.
540 </dd>
541 <dd>
542 <p>Returning a true value aborts selection making by urxvt, in which case you
543 have to make a selection yourself by calling <a href="#item_selection_grab"><code>$term-&gt;selection_grab</code></a>.</p>
544 </dd>
545 <p></p>
546 <dt><strong><a name="item_on_sel_grab__24term_2c__24eventtime">on_sel_grab $term, $eventtime</a></strong><br />
547 </dt>
548 <dd>
549 Called whenever a selection has been copied, but before the selection is
550 requested from the server. The selection text can be queried and changed
551 by calling <a href="#item_selection"><code>$term-&gt;selection</code></a>.
552 </dd>
553 <dd>
554 <p>Returning a true value aborts selection grabbing. It will still be hilighted.</p>
555 </dd>
556 <p></p>
557 <dt><strong><a name="item_on_sel_extend__24term">on_sel_extend $term</a></strong><br />
558 </dt>
559 <dd>
560 Called whenever the user tries to extend the selection (e.g. with a double
561 click) and is either supposed to return false (normal operation), or
562 should extend the selection itelf and return true to suppress the built-in
563 processing. This can happen multiple times, as long as the callback
564 returns true, it will be called on every further click by the user and is
565 supposed to enlarge the selection more and more, if possible.
566 </dd>
567 <dd>
568 <p>See the <em>selection</em> example extension.</p>
569 </dd>
570 <p></p>
571 <dt><strong><a name="item_on_view_change__24term_2c__24offset">on_view_change $term, $offset</a></strong><br />
572 </dt>
573 <dd>
574 Called whenever the view offset changes, i..e the user or program
575 scrolls. Offset <code>0</code> means display the normal terminal, positive values
576 show this many lines of scrollback.
577 </dd>
578 <p></p>
579 <dt><strong><a name="item_on_scroll_back__24term_2c__24lines_2c__24saved">on_scroll_back $term, $lines, $saved</a></strong><br />
580 </dt>
581 <dd>
582 Called whenever lines scroll out of the terminal area into the scrollback
583 buffer. <code>$lines</code> is the number of lines scrolled out and may be larger
584 than the scroll back buffer or the terminal.
585 </dd>
586 <dd>
587 <p>It is called before lines are scrolled out (so rows 0 .. min ($lines - 1,
588 $nrow - 1) represent the lines to be scrolled out). <code>$saved</code> is the total
589 number of lines that will be in the scrollback buffer.</p>
590 </dd>
591 <p></p>
592 <dt><strong><a name="item_on_osc_seq__24term_2c__24string">on_osc_seq $term, $string</a></strong><br />
593 </dt>
594 <dd>
595 Called whenever the <strong>ESC ] 777 ; string ST</strong> command sequence (OSC =
596 operating system command) is processed. Cursor position and other state
597 information is up-to-date when this happens. For interoperability, the
598 string should start with the extension name and a colon, to distinguish
599 it from commands for other extensions, and this might be enforced in the
600 future.
601 </dd>
602 <dd>
603 <p>Be careful not ever to trust (in a security sense) the data you receive,
604 as its source can not easily be controleld (e-mail content, messages from
605 other users on the same system etc.).</p>
606 </dd>
607 <p></p>
608 <dt><strong><a name="item_on_add_lines__24term_2c__24string">on_add_lines $term, $string</a></strong><br />
609 </dt>
610 <dd>
611 Called whenever text is about to be output, with the text as argument. You
612 can filter/change and output the text yourself by returning a true value
613 and calling <a href="#item_scr_add_lines"><code>$term-&gt;scr_add_lines</code></a> yourself. Please note that this
614 might be very slow, however, as your hook is called for <strong>all</strong> text being
615 output.
616 </dd>
617 <p></p>
618 <dt><strong><a name="item_on_tt_write__24term_2c__24octets">on_tt_write $term, $octets</a></strong><br />
619 </dt>
620 <dd>
621 Called whenever some data is written to the tty/pty and can be used to
622 suppress or filter tty input.
623 </dd>
624 <p></p>
625 <dt><strong><a name="item_on_line_update__24term_2c__24row">on_line_update $term, $row</a></strong><br />
626 </dt>
627 <dd>
628 Called whenever a line was updated or changed. Can be used to filter
629 screen output (e.g. underline urls or other useless stuff). Only lines
630 that are being shown will be filtered, and, due to performance reasons,
631 not always immediately.
632 </dd>
633 <dd>
634 <p>The row number is always the topmost row of the line if the line spans
635 multiple rows.</p>
636 </dd>
637 <dd>
638 <p>Please note that, if you change the line, then the hook might get called
639 later with the already-modified line (e.g. if unrelated parts change), so
640 you cannot just toggle rendition bits, but only set them.</p>
641 </dd>
642 <p></p>
643 <dt><strong><a name="item_on_refresh_begin__24term">on_refresh_begin $term</a></strong><br />
644 </dt>
645 <dd>
646 Called just before the screen gets redrawn. Can be used for overlay
647 or similar effects by modify terminal contents in refresh_begin, and
648 restoring them in refresh_end. The built-in overlay and selection display
649 code is run after this hook, and takes precedence.
650 </dd>
651 <p></p>
652 <dt><strong><a name="item_on_refresh_end__24term">on_refresh_end $term</a></strong><br />
653 </dt>
654 <dd>
655 Called just after the screen gets redrawn. See <code>on_refresh_begin</code>.
656 </dd>
657 <p></p>
658 <dt><strong><a name="item_on_keyboard_command__24term_2c__24string">on_keyboard_command $term, $string</a></strong><br />
659 </dt>
660 <dd>
661 Called whenever the user presses a key combination that has a
662 <code>perl:string</code> action bound to it (see description of the <strong>keysym</strong>
663 resource in the <code>rxvt(1)</code> manpage).
664 </dd>
665 <p></p>
666 <dt><strong><a name="item_on_x_event__24term_2c__24event">on_x_event $term, $event</a></strong><br />
667 </dt>
668 <dd>
669 Called on every X event received on the vt window (and possibly other
670 windows). Should only be used as a last resort. Most event structure
671 members are not passed.
672 </dd>
673 <p></p>
674 <dt><strong><a name="item_on_focus_in__24term">on_focus_in $term</a></strong><br />
675 </dt>
676 <dd>
677 Called whenever the window gets the keyboard focus, before rxvt-unicode
678 does focus in processing.
679 </dd>
680 <p></p>
681 <dt><strong><a name="item_on_focus_out__24term">on_focus_out $term</a></strong><br />
682 </dt>
683 <dd>
684 Called wheneever the window loses keyboard focus, before rxvt-unicode does
685 focus out processing.
686 </dd>
687 <p></p>
688 <dt><strong><a name="item_on_configure_notify__24term_2c__24event">on_configure_notify $term, $event</a></strong><br />
689 </dt>
690 <dt><strong><a name="item_on_property_notify__24term_2c__24event">on_property_notify $term, $event</a></strong><br />
691 </dt>
692 <dt><strong><a name="item_on_key_press__24term_2c__24event_2c__24keysym_2c__">on_key_press $term, $event, $keysym, $octets</a></strong><br />
693 </dt>
694 <dt><strong><a name="item_on_key_release__24term_2c__24event_2c__24keysym">on_key_release $term, $event, $keysym</a></strong><br />
695 </dt>
696 <dt><strong><a name="item_on_button_press__24term_2c__24event">on_button_press $term, $event</a></strong><br />
697 </dt>
698 <dt><strong><a name="item_on_button_release__24term_2c__24event">on_button_release $term, $event</a></strong><br />
699 </dt>
700 <dt><strong><a name="item_on_motion_notify__24term_2c__24event">on_motion_notify $term, $event</a></strong><br />
701 </dt>
702 <dt><strong><a name="item_on_map_notify__24term_2c__24event">on_map_notify $term, $event</a></strong><br />
703 </dt>
704 <dt><strong><a name="item_on_unmap_notify__24term_2c__24event">on_unmap_notify $term, $event</a></strong><br />
705 </dt>
706 <dd>
707 Called whenever the corresponding X event is received for the terminal If
708 the hook returns true, then the even will be ignored by rxvt-unicode.
709 </dd>
710 <dd>
711 <p>The event is a hash with most values as named by Xlib (see the XEvent
712 manpage), with the additional members <code>row</code> and <code>col</code>, which are the
713 (real, not screen-based) row and column under the mouse cursor.</p>
714 </dd>
715 <dd>
716 <p><code>on_key_press</code> additionally receives the string rxvt-unicode would
717 output, if any, in locale-specific encoding.</p>
718 </dd>
719 <dd>
720 <p>subwindow.</p>
721 </dd>
722 <p></p>
723 <dt><strong><a name="item_on_client_message__24term_2c__24event">on_client_message $term, $event</a></strong><br />
724 </dt>
725 <dt><strong><a name="item_on_wm_protocols__24term_2c__24event">on_wm_protocols $term, $event</a></strong><br />
726 </dt>
727 <dt><strong><a name="item_on_wm_delete_window__24term_2c__24event">on_wm_delete_window $term, $event</a></strong><br />
728 </dt>
729 <dd>
730 Called when various types of ClientMessage events are received (all with
731 format=32, WM_PROTOCOLS or WM_PROTOCOLS:WM_DELETE_WINDOW).
732 </dd>
733 <p></p></dl>
734 <p>
735 </p>
736 <h2><a name="variables_in_the_urxvt_package">Variables in the <code>urxvt</code> Package</a></h2>
737 <dl>
738 <dt><strong><a name="item__24urxvt_3a_3alibdir">$urxvt::LIBDIR</a></strong><br />
739 </dt>
740 <dd>
741 The rxvt-unicode library directory, where, among other things, the perl
742 modules and scripts are stored.
743 </dd>
744 <p></p>
745 <dt><strong><a name="item__24urxvt_3a_3aresclass_2c__24urxvt_3a_3aresclass">$urxvt::RESCLASS, $urxvt::RESCLASS</a></strong><br />
746 </dt>
747 <dd>
748 The resource class and name rxvt-unicode uses to look up X resources.
749 </dd>
750 <p></p>
751 <dt><strong><a name="item__24urxvt_3a_3arxvtname">$urxvt::RXVTNAME</a></strong><br />
752 </dt>
753 <dd>
754 The basename of the installed binaries, usually <code>urxvt</code>.
755 </dd>
756 <p></p>
757 <dt><strong><a name="item__24urxvt_3a_3aterm">$urxvt::TERM</a></strong><br />
758 </dt>
759 <dd>
760 The current terminal. This variable stores the current <code>urxvt::term</code>
761 object, whenever a callback/hook is executing.
762 </dd>
763 <p></p>
764 <dt><strong><a name="item__40urxvt_3a_3aterm_init">@urxvt::TERM_INIT</a></strong><br />
765 </dt>
766 <dd>
767 All coderefs in this array will be called as methods of the next newly
768 created <code>urxvt::term</code> object (during the <code>on_init</code> phase). The array
769 gets cleared before the codereferences that were in it are being executed,
770 so coderefs can push themselves onto it again if they so desire.
771 </dd>
772 <dd>
773 <p>This complements to the perl-eval commandline option, but gets executed
774 first.</p>
775 </dd>
776 <p></p>
777 <dt><strong><a name="item__40urxvt_3a_3aterm_ext">@urxvt::TERM_EXT</a></strong><br />
778 </dt>
779 <dd>
780 Works similar to <code>@TERM_INIT</code>, but contains perl package/class names, which
781 get registered as normal extensions after calling the hooks in <code>@TERM_INIT</code>
782 but before other extensions. Gets cleared just like <code>@TERM_INIT</code>.
783 </dd>
784 <p></p></dl>
785 <p>
786 </p>
787 <h2><a name="functions_in_the_urxvt_package">Functions in the <code>urxvt</code> Package</a></h2>
788 <dl>
789 <dt><strong><a name="item_urxvt_3a_3afatal__24errormessage">urxvt::fatal $errormessage</a></strong><br />
790 </dt>
791 <dd>
792 Fatally aborts execution with the given error message. Avoid at all
793 costs! The only time this is acceptable is when the terminal process
794 starts up.
795 </dd>
796 <p></p>
797 <dt><strong><a name="item_urxvt_3a_3awarn__24string">urxvt::warn $string</a></strong><br />
798 </dt>
799 <dd>
800 Calls <code>rxvt_warn</code> with the given string which should not include a
801 newline. The module also overwrites the <code>warn</code> builtin with a function
802 that calls this function.
803 </dd>
804 <dd>
805 <p>Using this function has the advantage that its output ends up in the
806 correct place, e.g. on stderr of the connecting urxvtc client.</p>
807 </dd>
808 <dd>
809 <p>Messages have a size limit of 1023 bytes currently.</p>
810 </dd>
811 <p></p>
812 <dt><strong><a name="item__24time__3d_urxvt_3a_3anow">$time = urxvt::NOW</a></strong><br />
813 </dt>
814 <dd>
815 Returns the ``current time'' (as per the event loop).
816 </dd>
817 <p></p>
818 <dt><strong><a name="item_urxvt_3a_3acurrenttime">urxvt::CurrentTime</a></strong><br />
819 </dt>
820 <dt><strong><a name="item_urxvt_3a_3ashiftmask_2c_lockmask_2c_controlmask_2c">urxvt::ShiftMask, LockMask, ControlMask, Mod1Mask, Mod2Mask,
821 Mod3Mask, Mod4Mask, Mod5Mask, Button1Mask, Button2Mask, Button3Mask,
822 Button4Mask, Button5Mask, AnyModifier</a></strong><br />
823 </dt>
824 <dt><strong><a name="item_urxvt_3a_3anoeventmask_2c_keypressmask_2c_keyrelea">urxvt::NoEventMask, KeyPressMask, KeyReleaseMask,
825 ButtonPressMask, ButtonReleaseMask, EnterWindowMask, LeaveWindowMask,
826 PointerMotionMask, PointerMotionHintMask, Button1MotionMask, Button2MotionMask,
827 Button3MotionMask, Button4MotionMask, Button5MotionMask, ButtonMotionMask,
828 KeymapStateMask, ExposureMask, VisibilityChangeMask, StructureNotifyMask,
829 ResizeRedirectMask, SubstructureNotifyMask, SubstructureRedirectMask,
830 FocusChangeMask, PropertyChangeMask, ColormapChangeMask, OwnerGrabButtonMask</a></strong><br />
831 </dt>
832 <dt><strong><a name="item_urxvt_3a_3akeypress_2c_keyrelease_2c_buttonpress_2">urxvt::KeyPress, KeyRelease, ButtonPress, ButtonRelease, MotionNotify,
833 EnterNotify, LeaveNotify, FocusIn, FocusOut, KeymapNotify, Expose,
834 GraphicsExpose, NoExpose, VisibilityNotify, CreateNotify, DestroyNotify,
835 UnmapNotify, MapNotify, MapRequest, ReparentNotify, ConfigureNotify,
836 ConfigureRequest, GravityNotify, ResizeRequest, CirculateNotify,
837 CirculateRequest, PropertyNotify, SelectionClear, SelectionRequest,
838 SelectionNotify, ColormapNotify, ClientMessage, MappingNotify</a></strong><br />
839 </dt>
840 <dd>
841 Various constants for use in X calls and event processing.
842 </dd>
843 <p></p></dl>
844 <p>
845 </p>
846 <h2><a name="rendition">RENDITION</a></h2>
847 <p>Rendition bitsets contain information about colour, font, font styles and
848 similar information for each screen cell.</p>
849 <p>The following ``macros'' deal with changes in rendition sets. You should
850 never just create a bitset, you should always modify an existing one,
851 as they contain important information required for correct operation of
852 rxvt-unicode.</p>
853 <dl>
854 <dt><strong><a name="item__24rend__3d_urxvt_3a_3adefault_rstyle">$rend = urxvt::DEFAULT_RSTYLE</a></strong><br />
855 </dt>
856 <dd>
857 Returns the default rendition, as used when the terminal is starting up or
858 being reset. Useful as a base to start when creating renditions.
859 </dd>
860 <p></p>
861 <dt><strong><a name="item__24rend__3d_urxvt_3a_3aoverlay_rstyle">$rend = urxvt::OVERLAY_RSTYLE</a></strong><br />
862 </dt>
863 <dd>
864 Return the rendition mask used for overlays by default.
865 </dd>
866 <p></p>
867 <dt><strong><a name="item__24rendbit__3d_urxvt_3a_3ars_bold_2c_rs_italic_2c_">$rendbit = urxvt::RS_Bold, RS_Italic, RS_Blink, RS_RVid, RS_Uline</a></strong><br />
868 </dt>
869 <dd>
870 Return the bit that enabled bold, italic, blink, reverse-video and
871 underline, respectively. To enable such a style, just logically OR it into
872 the bitset.
873 </dd>
874 <p></p>
875 <dt><strong><a name="item__24foreground__3d_urxvt_3a_3aget_basefg__24rend">$foreground = urxvt::GET_BASEFG $rend</a></strong><br />
876 </dt>
877 <dt><strong><a name="item__24background__3d_urxvt_3a_3aget_basebg__24rend">$background = urxvt::GET_BASEBG $rend</a></strong><br />
878 </dt>
879 <dd>
880 Return the foreground/background colour index, respectively.
881 </dd>
882 <p></p>
883 <dt><strong><a name="item__24rend__3d_urxvt_3a_3aset_fgcolor__24rend_2c__24n">$rend = urxvt::SET_FGCOLOR $rend, $new_colour</a></strong><br />
884 </dt>
885 <dt><strong><a name="item__24rend__3d_urxvt_3a_3aset_bgcolor__24rend_2c__24n">$rend = urxvt::SET_BGCOLOR $rend, $new_colour</a></strong><br />
886 </dt>
887 <dd>
888 Replace the foreground/background colour in the rendition mask with the
889 specified one.
890 </dd>
891 <p></p>
892 <dt><strong><a name="item__24value__3d_urxvt_3a_3aget_custom__24rend">$value = urxvt::GET_CUSTOM $rend</a></strong><br />
893 </dt>
894 <dd>
895 Return the ``custom'' value: Every rendition has 5 bits for use by
896 extensions. They can be set and changed as you like and are initially
897 zero.
898 </dd>
899 <p></p>
900 <dt><strong><a name="item__24rend__3d_urxvt_3a_3aset_custom__24rend_2c__24ne">$rend = urxvt::SET_CUSTOM $rend, $new_value</a></strong><br />
901 </dt>
902 <dd>
903 Change the custom value.
904 </dd>
905 <p></p></dl>
906 <p>
907 </p>
908 <h2><a name="the_urxvt__anyevent_class">The <code>urxvt::anyevent</code> Class</a></h2>
909 <p>The sole purpose of this class is to deliver an interface to the
910 <code>AnyEvent</code> module - any module using it will work inside urxvt without
911 further programming. The only exception is that you cannot wait on
912 condition variables, but non-blocking condvar use is ok. What this means
913 is that you cannot use blocking APIs, but the non-blocking variant should
914 work.</p>
915 <p>
916 </p>
917 <h2><a name="the_urxvt__term_class">The <code>urxvt::term</code> Class</a></h2>
918 <dl>
919 <dt><strong><a name="item__24term__3d_new_urxvt_3a_3aterm__24envhashref_2c__">$term = new urxvt::term $envhashref, $rxvtname, [arg...]</a></strong><br />
920 </dt>
921 <dd>
922 Creates a new terminal, very similar as if you had started it with system
923 <code>$rxvtname, arg...</code>. <code>$envhashref</code> must be a reference to a <code>%ENV</code>-like
924 hash which defines the environment of the new terminal.
925 </dd>
926 <dd>
927 <p>Croaks (and probably outputs an error message) if the new instance
928 couldn't be created. Returns <code>undef</code> if the new instance didn't
929 initialise perl, and the terminal object otherwise. The <code>init</code> and
930 <a href="#item_start"><code>start</code></a> hooks will be called during this call.</p>
931 </dd>
932 <p></p>
933 <dt><strong><a name="item_destroy">$term-&gt;destroy</a></strong><br />
934 </dt>
935 <dd>
936 Destroy the terminal object (close the window, free resources
937 etc.). Please note that rxvt will not exit as long as any event
938 watchers (timers, io watchers) are still active.
939 </dd>
940 <p></p>
941 <dt><strong><a name="item_exec_async">$term-&gt;exec_async ($cmd[, @args])</a></strong><br />
942 </dt>
943 <dd>
944 Works like the combination of the <code>fork</code>/<code>exec</code> builtins, which executes
945 (``starts'') programs in the background. This function takes care of setting
946 the user environment before exec'ing the command (e.g. <code>PATH</code>) and should
947 be preferred over explicit calls to <code>exec</code> or <code>system</code>.
948 </dd>
949 <dd>
950 <p>Returns the pid of the subprocess or <code>undef</code> on error.</p>
951 </dd>
952 <p></p>
953 <dt><strong><a name="item_option">$isset = $term-&gt;option ($optval[, $set])</a></strong><br />
954 </dt>
955 <dd>
956 Returns true if the option specified by <code>$optval</code> is enabled, and
957 optionally change it. All option values are stored by name in the hash
958 <code>%urxvt::OPTION</code>. Options not enabled in this binary are not in the hash.
959 </dd>
960 <dd>
961 <p>Here is a a likely non-exhaustive list of option names, please see the
962 source file <em>/src/optinc.h</em> to see the actual list:</p>
963 </dd>
964 <dd>
965 <pre>
966 borderLess console cursorBlink cursorUnderline hold iconic insecure
967 intensityStyles jumpScroll loginShell mapAlert meta8 mouseWheelScrollPage
968 override-redirect pastableTabs pointerBlank reverseVideo scrollBar
969 scrollBar_floating scrollBar_right scrollTtyKeypress scrollTtyOutput
970 scrollWithBuffer secondaryScreen secondaryScroll skipBuiltinGlyphs
971 transparent tripleclickwords utmpInhibit visualBell</pre>
972 </dd>
973 <p></p>
974 <dt><strong><a name="item_resource">$value = $term-&gt;resource ($name[, $newval])</a></strong><br />
975 </dt>
976 <dd>
977 Returns the current resource value associated with a given name and
978 optionally sets a new value. Setting values is most useful in the <code>init</code>
979 hook. Unset resources are returned and accepted as <code>undef</code>.
980 </dd>
981 <dd>
982 <p>The new value must be properly encoded to a suitable character encoding
983 before passing it to this method. Similarly, the returned value may need
984 to be converted from the used encoding to text.</p>
985 </dd>
986 <dd>
987 <p>Resource names are as defined in <em>src/rsinc.h</em>. Colours can be specified
988 as resource names of the form <code>color+&lt;index&gt;</code>, e.g. <code>color+5</code>. (will
989 likely change).</p>
990 </dd>
991 <dd>
992 <p>Please note that resource strings will currently only be freed when the
993 terminal is destroyed, so changing options frequently will eat memory.</p>
994 </dd>
995 <dd>
996 <p>Here is a a likely non-exhaustive list of resource names, not all of which
997 are supported in every build, please see the source file <em>/src/rsinc.h</em>
998 to see the actual list:</p>
999 </dd>
1000 <dd>
1001 <pre>
1002 answerbackstring backgroundPixmap backspace_key boldFont boldItalicFont
1003 borderLess color cursorBlink cursorUnderline cutchars delete_key
1004 display_name embed ext_bwidth fade font geometry hold iconName
1005 imFont imLocale inputMethod insecure int_bwidth intensityStyles
1006 italicFont jumpScroll lineSpace loginShell mapAlert meta8 modifier
1007 mouseWheelScrollPage name override_redirect pastableTabs path perl_eval
1008 perl_ext_1 perl_ext_2 perl_lib pointerBlank pointerBlankDelay
1009 preeditType print_pipe pty_fd reverseVideo saveLines scrollBar
1010 scrollBar_align scrollBar_floating scrollBar_right scrollBar_thickness
1011 scrollTtyKeypress scrollTtyOutput scrollWithBuffer scrollstyle
1012 secondaryScreen secondaryScroll selectstyle shade term_name title
1013 transient_for transparent transparent_all tripleclickwords utmpInhibit
1014 visualBell</pre>
1015 </dd>
1016 <p></p>
1017 <dt><strong><a name="item_x_resource">$value = $term-&gt;x_resource ($pattern)</a></strong><br />
1018 </dt>
1019 <dd>
1020 Returns the X-Resource for the given pattern, excluding the program or
1021 class name, i.e. <a href="#item_x_resource"><code>$term-&gt;x_resource (&quot;boldFont&quot;)</code></a> should return the
1022 same value as used by this instance of rxvt-unicode. Returns <code>undef</code> if no
1023 resource with that pattern exists.
1024 </dd>
1025 <dd>
1026 <p>This method should only be called during the <code>on_start</code> hook, as there is
1027 only one resource database per display, and later invocations might return
1028 the wrong resources.</p>
1029 </dd>
1030 <p></p>
1031 <dt><strong><a name="item_parse_keysym">$success = $term-&gt;parse_keysym ($keysym_spec, $command_string)</a></strong><br />
1032 </dt>
1033 <dd>
1034 Adds a keymap translation exactly as specified via a resource. See the
1035 <code>keysym</code> resource in the <code>rxvt(1)</code> manpage.
1036 </dd>
1037 <p></p>
1038 <dt><strong><a name="item_rstyle">$rend = $term-&gt;rstyle ([$new_rstyle])</a></strong><br />
1039 </dt>
1040 <dd>
1041 Return and optionally change the current rendition. Text that is output by
1042 the terminal application will use this style.
1043 </dd>
1044 <p></p>
1045 <dt><strong><a name="item_screen_cur">($row, $col) = $term-&gt;screen_cur ([$row, $col])</a></strong><br />
1046 </dt>
1047 <dd>
1048 Return the current coordinates of the text cursor position and optionally
1049 set it (which is usually bad as applications don't expect that).
1050 </dd>
1051 <p></p>
1052 <dt><strong><a name="item_selection_mark">($row, $col) = $term-&gt;selection_mark ([$row, $col])</a></strong><br />
1053 </dt>
1054 <dt><strong><a name="item_selection_beg">($row, $col) = $term-&gt;selection_beg ([$row, $col])</a></strong><br />
1055 </dt>
1056 <dt><strong><a name="item_selection_end">($row, $col) = $term-&gt;selection_end ([$row, $col])</a></strong><br />
1057 </dt>
1058 <dd>
1059 Return the current values of the selection mark, begin or end positions,
1060 and optionally set them to new values.
1061 </dd>
1062 <p></p>
1063 <dt><strong><a name="item_selection_make">$term-&gt;selection_make ($eventtime[, $rectangular])</a></strong><br />
1064 </dt>
1065 <dd>
1066 Tries to make a selection as set by <a href="#item_selection_beg"><code>selection_beg</code></a> and
1067 <a href="#item_selection_end"><code>selection_end</code></a>. If <code>$rectangular</code> is true (default: false), a
1068 rectangular selection will be made. This is the prefered function to make
1069 a selection.
1070 </dd>
1071 <p></p>
1072 <dt><strong><a name="item_selection_grab">$success = $term-&gt;selection_grab ($eventtime)</a></strong><br />
1073 </dt>
1074 <dd>
1075 Try to request the primary selection text from the server (for example, as
1076 set by the next method). No visual feedback will be given. This function
1077 is mostly useful from within <code>on_sel_grab</code> hooks.
1078 </dd>
1079 <p></p>
1080 <dt><strong>$oldtext = $term-&gt;selection ([$newtext])</strong><br />
1081 </dt>
1082 <dd>
1083 Return the current selection text and optionally replace it by <code>$newtext</code>.
1084 </dd>
1085 <p></p>
1086 <dt><strong><a name="item_overlay_simple">$term-&gt;overlay_simple ($x, $y, $text)</a></strong><br />
1087 </dt>
1088 <dd>
1089 Create a simple multi-line overlay box. See the next method for details.
1090 </dd>
1091 <p></p>
1092 <dt><strong><a name="item_overlay">$term-&gt;overlay ($x, $y, $width, $height[, $rstyle[, $border]])</a></strong><br />
1093 </dt>
1094 <dd>
1095 Create a new (empty) overlay at the given position with the given
1096 width/height. <code>$rstyle</code> defines the initial rendition style
1097 (default: <code>OVERLAY_RSTYLE</code>).
1098 </dd>
1099 <dd>
1100 <p>If <code>$border</code> is <code>2</code> (default), then a decorative border will be put
1101 around the box.</p>
1102 </dd>
1103 <dd>
1104 <p>If either <code>$x</code> or <code>$y</code> is negative, then this is counted from the
1105 right/bottom side, respectively.</p>
1106 </dd>
1107 <dd>
1108 <p>This method returns an urxvt::overlay object. The overlay will be visible
1109 as long as the perl object is referenced.</p>
1110 </dd>
1111 <dd>
1112 <p>The methods currently supported on <code>urxvt::overlay</code> objects are:</p>
1113 </dd>
1114 <dl>
1115 <dt><strong><a name="item_set">$overlay-&gt;set ($x, $y, $text, $rend)</a></strong><br />
1116 </dt>
1117 <dd>
1118 Similar to <a href="#item_row_t"><code>$term-&gt;ROW_t</code></a> and <a href="#item_row_r"><code>$term-&gt;ROW_r</code></a> in that it puts
1119 text in rxvt-unicode's special encoding and an array of rendition values
1120 at a specific position inside the overlay.
1121 </dd>
1122 <p></p>
1123 <dt><strong><a name="item_hide">$overlay-&gt;hide</a></strong><br />
1124 </dt>
1125 <dd>
1126 If visible, hide the overlay, but do not destroy it.
1127 </dd>
1128 <p></p>
1129 <dt><strong><a name="item_show">$overlay-&gt;show</a></strong><br />
1130 </dt>
1131 <dd>
1132 If hidden, display the overlay again.
1133 </dd>
1134 <p></p></dl>
1135 <dt><strong>$popup = $term-&gt;popup ($event)</strong><br />
1136 </dt>
1137 <dd>
1138 Creates a new <code>urxvt::popup</code> object that implements a popup menu. The
1139 <code>$event</code> <em>must</em> be the event causing the menu to pop up (a button event,
1140 currently).
1141 </dd>
1142 <p></p>
1143 <dt><strong><a name="item_strwidth">$cellwidth = $term-&gt;strwidth ($string)</a></strong><br />
1144 </dt>
1145 <dd>
1146 Returns the number of screen-cells this string would need. Correctly
1147 accounts for wide and combining characters.
1148 </dd>
1149 <p></p>
1150 <dt><strong><a name="item_locale_encode">$octets = $term-&gt;locale_encode ($string)</a></strong><br />
1151 </dt>
1152 <dd>
1153 Convert the given text string into the corresponding locale encoding.
1154 </dd>
1155 <p></p>
1156 <dt><strong><a name="item_locale_decode">$string = $term-&gt;locale_decode ($octets)</a></strong><br />
1157 </dt>
1158 <dd>
1159 Convert the given locale-encoded octets into a perl string.
1160 </dd>
1161 <p></p>
1162 <dt><strong><a name="item_scr_xor_span">$term-&gt;scr_xor_span ($beg_row, $beg_col, $end_row, $end_col[, $rstyle])</a></strong><br />
1163 </dt>
1164 <dd>
1165 XORs the rendition values in the given span with the provided value
1166 (default: <code>RS_RVid</code>), which <em>MUST NOT</em> contain font styles. Useful in
1167 refresh hooks to provide effects similar to the selection.
1168 </dd>
1169 <p></p>
1170 <dt><strong><a name="item_scr_xor_rect">$term-&gt;scr_xor_rect ($beg_row, $beg_col, $end_row, $end_col[, $rstyle1[, $rstyle2]])</a></strong><br />
1171 </dt>
1172 <dd>
1173 Similar to <a href="#item_scr_xor_span"><code>scr_xor_span</code></a>, but xors a rectangle instead. Trailing
1174 whitespace will additionally be xored with the <code>$rstyle2</code>, which defaults
1175 to <code>RS_RVid | RS_Uline</code>, which removes reverse video again and underlines
1176 it instead. Both styles <em>MUST NOT</em> contain font styles.
1177 </dd>
1178 <p></p>
1179 <dt><strong><a name="item_scr_bell">$term-&gt;scr_bell</a></strong><br />
1180 </dt>
1181 <dd>
1182 Ring the bell!
1183 </dd>
1184 <p></p>
1185 <dt><strong><a name="item_scr_add_lines">$term-&gt;scr_add_lines ($string)</a></strong><br />
1186 </dt>
1187 <dd>
1188 Write the given text string to the screen, as if output by the application
1189 running inside the terminal. It may not contain command sequences (escape
1190 codes), but is free to use line feeds, carriage returns and tabs. The
1191 string is a normal text string, not in locale-dependent encoding.
1192 </dd>
1193 <dd>
1194 <p>Normally its not a good idea to use this function, as programs might be
1195 confused by changes in cursor position or scrolling. Its useful inside a
1196 <code>on_add_lines</code> hook, though.</p>
1197 </dd>
1198 <p></p>
1199 <dt><strong><a name="item_scr_change_screen">$term-&gt;scr_change_screen ($screen)</a></strong><br />
1200 </dt>
1201 <dd>
1202 Switch to given screen - 0 primary, 1 secondary.
1203 </dd>
1204 <p></p>
1205 <dt><strong><a name="item_cmd_parse">$term-&gt;cmd_parse ($octets)</a></strong><br />
1206 </dt>
1207 <dd>
1208 Similar to <a href="#item_scr_add_lines"><code>scr_add_lines</code></a>, but the argument must be in the
1209 locale-specific encoding of the terminal and can contain command sequences
1210 (escape codes) that will be interpreted.
1211 </dd>
1212 <p></p>
1213 <dt><strong><a name="item_tt_write">$term-&gt;tt_write ($octets)</a></strong><br />
1214 </dt>
1215 <dd>
1216 Write the octets given in <code>$data</code> to the tty (i.e. as program input). To
1217 pass characters instead of octets, you should convert your strings first
1218 to the locale-specific encoding using <a href="#item_locale_encode"><code>$term-&gt;locale_encode</code></a>.
1219 </dd>
1220 <p></p>
1221 <dt><strong><a name="item_pty_ev_events">$old_events = $term-&gt;pty_ev_events ([$new_events])</a></strong><br />
1222 </dt>
1223 <dd>
1224 Replaces the event mask of the pty watcher by the given event mask. Can
1225 be used to suppress input and output handling to the pty/tty. See the
1226 description of <a href="#item_events"><code>urxvt::timer-&gt;events</code></a>. Make sure to always restore
1227 the previous value.
1228 </dd>
1229 <p></p>
1230 <dt><strong><a name="item_pty_fd">$fd = $term-&gt;pty_fd</a></strong><br />
1231 </dt>
1232 <dd>
1233 Returns the master file descriptor for the pty in use, or <code>-1</code> if no pty
1234 is used.
1235 </dd>
1236 <p></p>
1237 <dt><strong><a name="item_parent">$windowid = $term-&gt;parent</a></strong><br />
1238 </dt>
1239 <dd>
1240 Return the window id of the toplevel window.
1241 </dd>
1242 <p></p>
1243 <dt><strong><a name="item_vt">$windowid = $term-&gt;vt</a></strong><br />
1244 </dt>
1245 <dd>
1246 Return the window id of the terminal window.
1247 </dd>
1248 <p></p>
1249 <dt><strong><a name="item_vt_emask_add">$term-&gt;vt_emask_add ($x_event_mask)</a></strong><br />
1250 </dt>
1251 <dd>
1252 Adds the specified events to the vt event mask. Useful e.g. when you want
1253 to receive pointer events all the times:
1254 </dd>
1255 <dd>
1256 <pre>
1257 $term-&gt;vt_emask_add (urxvt::PointerMotionMask);</pre>
1258 </dd>
1259 <p></p>
1260 <dt><strong><a name="item_width">$window_width = $term-&gt;width</a></strong><br />
1261 </dt>
1262 <dt><strong><a name="item_height">$window_height = $term-&gt;height</a></strong><br />
1263 </dt>
1264 <dt><strong><a name="item_fwidth">$font_width = $term-&gt;fwidth</a></strong><br />
1265 </dt>
1266 <dt><strong><a name="item_fheight">$font_height = $term-&gt;fheight</a></strong><br />
1267 </dt>
1268 <dt><strong><a name="item_fbase">$font_ascent = $term-&gt;fbase</a></strong><br />
1269 </dt>
1270 <dt><strong><a name="item_nrow">$terminal_rows = $term-&gt;nrow</a></strong><br />
1271 </dt>
1272 <dt><strong><a name="item_ncol">$terminal_columns = $term-&gt;ncol</a></strong><br />
1273 </dt>
1274 <dt><strong><a name="item_focus">$has_focus = $term-&gt;focus</a></strong><br />
1275 </dt>
1276 <dt><strong><a name="item_mapped">$is_mapped = $term-&gt;mapped</a></strong><br />
1277 </dt>
1278 <dt><strong><a name="item_savelines">$max_scrollback = $term-&gt;saveLines</a></strong><br />
1279 </dt>
1280 <dt><strong><a name="item_total_rows">$nrow_plus_saveLines = $term-&gt;total_rows</a></strong><br />
1281 </dt>
1282 <dt><strong><a name="item_top_row">$topmost_scrollback_row = $term-&gt;top_row</a></strong><br />
1283 </dt>
1284 <dd>
1285 Return various integers describing terminal characteristics.
1286 </dd>
1287 <p></p>
1288 <dt><strong><a name="item_display_id">$x_display = $term-&gt;display_id</a></strong><br />
1289 </dt>
1290 <dd>
1291 Return the DISPLAY used by rxvt-unicode.
1292 </dd>
1293 <p></p>
1294 <dt><strong><a name="item_locale">$lc_ctype = $term-&gt;locale</a></strong><br />
1295 </dt>
1296 <dd>
1297 Returns the LC_CTYPE category string used by this rxvt-unicode.
1298 </dd>
1299 <p></p>
1300 <dt><strong><a name="item_env">$env = $term-&gt;env</a></strong><br />
1301 </dt>
1302 <dd>
1303 Returns a copy of the environment in effect for the terminal as a hashref
1304 similar to <code>\%ENV</code>.
1305 </dd>
1306 <p></p>
1307 <dt><strong><a name="item_modlevel3mask">$modifiermask = $term-&gt;ModLevel3Mask</a></strong><br />
1308 </dt>
1309 <dt><strong><a name="item_modmetamask">$modifiermask = $term-&gt;ModMetaMask</a></strong><br />
1310 </dt>
1311 <dt><strong><a name="item_modnumlockmask">$modifiermask = $term-&gt;ModNumLockMask</a></strong><br />
1312 </dt>
1313 <dd>
1314 Return the modifier masks corresponding to the ``ISO Level 3 Shift'' (often
1315 AltGr), the meta key (often Alt) and the num lock key, if applicable.
1316 </dd>
1317 <p></p>
1318 <dt><strong><a name="item_current_screen">$screen = $term-&gt;current_screen</a></strong><br />
1319 </dt>
1320 <dd>
1321 Returns the currently displayed screen (0 primary, 1 secondary).
1322 </dd>
1323 <p></p>
1324 <dt><strong><a name="item_hidden_cursor">$cursor_is_hidden = $term-&gt;hidden_cursor</a></strong><br />
1325 </dt>
1326 <dd>
1327 Returns wether the cursor is currently hidden or not.
1328 </dd>
1329 <p></p>
1330 <dt><strong><a name="item_view_start">$view_start = $term-&gt;view_start ([$newvalue])</a></strong><br />
1331 </dt>
1332 <dd>
1333 Returns the row number of the topmost displayed line. Maximum value is
1334 <code>0</code>, which displays the normal terminal contents. Lower values scroll
1335 this many lines into the scrollback buffer.
1336 </dd>
1337 <p></p>
1338 <dt><strong><a name="item_want_refresh">$term-&gt;want_refresh</a></strong><br />
1339 </dt>
1340 <dd>
1341 Requests a screen refresh. At the next opportunity, rxvt-unicode will
1342 compare the on-screen display with its stored representation. If they
1343 differ, it redraws the differences.
1344 </dd>
1345 <dd>
1346 <p>Used after changing terminal contents to display them.</p>
1347 </dd>
1348 <p></p>
1349 <dt><strong><a name="item_row_t">$text = $term-&gt;ROW_t ($row_number[, $new_text[, $start_col]])</a></strong><br />
1350 </dt>
1351 <dd>
1352 Returns the text of the entire row with number <code>$row_number</code>. Row <code>0</code>
1353 is the topmost terminal line, row <code>$term-&gt;$ncol-1</code> is the bottommost
1354 terminal line. The scrollback buffer starts at line <code>-1</code> and extends to
1355 line <code>-$term-&gt;nsaved</code>. Nothing will be returned if a nonexistent line
1356 is requested.
1357 </dd>
1358 <dd>
1359 <p>If <code>$new_text</code> is specified, it will replace characters in the current
1360 line, starting at column <code>$start_col</code> (default <code>0</code>), which is useful
1361 to replace only parts of a line. The font index in the rendition will
1362 automatically be updated.</p>
1363 </dd>
1364 <dd>
1365 <p><a href="#item__24text"><code>$text</code></a> is in a special encoding: tabs and wide characters that use more
1366 than one cell when displayed are padded with <code>$urxvt::NOCHAR</code> (chr 65535)
1367 characters. Characters with combining characters and other characters that
1368 do not fit into the normal tetx encoding will be replaced with characters
1369 in the private use area.</p>
1370 </dd>
1371 <dd>
1372 <p>You have to obey this encoding when changing text. The advantage is
1373 that <code>substr</code> and similar functions work on screen cells and not on
1374 characters.</p>
1375 </dd>
1376 <dd>
1377 <p>The methods <a href="#item_special_encode"><code>$term-&gt;special_encode</code></a> and <a href="#item_special_decode"><code>$term-&gt;special_decode</code></a>
1378 can be used to convert normal strings into this encoding and vice versa.</p>
1379 </dd>
1380 <p></p>
1381 <dt><strong><a name="item_row_r">$rend = $term-&gt;ROW_r ($row_number[, $new_rend[, $start_col]])</a></strong><br />
1382 </dt>
1383 <dd>
1384 Like <a href="#item_row_t"><code>$term-&gt;ROW_t</code></a>, but returns an arrayref with rendition
1385 bitsets. Rendition bitsets contain information about colour, font, font
1386 styles and similar information. See also <a href="#item_row_t"><code>$term-&gt;ROW_t</code></a>.
1387 </dd>
1388 <dd>
1389 <p>When setting rendition, the font mask will be ignored.</p>
1390 </dd>
1391 <dd>
1392 <p>See the section on RENDITION, above.</p>
1393 </dd>
1394 <p></p>
1395 <dt><strong><a name="item_row_l">$length = $term-&gt;ROW_l ($row_number[, $new_length])</a></strong><br />
1396 </dt>
1397 <dd>
1398 Returns the number of screen cells that are in use (``the line
1399 length''). Unlike the urxvt core, this returns <a href="#item_ncol"><code>$term-&gt;ncol</code></a> if the
1400 line is joined with the following one.
1401 </dd>
1402 <p></p>
1403 <dt><strong><a name="item_is_longer">$bool = $term-&gt;is_longer ($row_number)</a></strong><br />
1404 </dt>
1405 <dd>
1406 Returns true if the row is part of a multiple-row logical ``line'' (i.e.
1407 joined with the following row), which means all characters are in use
1408 and it is continued on the next row (and possibly a continuation of the
1409 previous row(s)).
1410 </dd>
1411 <p></p>
1412 <dt><strong><a name="item_line">$line = $term-&gt;line ($row_number)</a></strong><br />
1413 </dt>
1414 <dd>
1415 Create and return a new <code>urxvt::line</code> object that stores information
1416 about the logical line that row <code>$row_number</code> is part of. It supports the
1417 following methods:
1418 </dd>
1419 <dl>
1420 <dt><strong><a name="item_t">$text = $line-&gt;t ([$new_text])</a></strong><br />
1421 </dt>
1422 <dd>
1423 Returns or replaces the full text of the line, similar to <a href="#item_row_t"><code>ROW_t</code></a>
1424 </dd>
1425 <p></p>
1426 <dt><strong><a name="item_r">$rend = $line-&gt;r ([$new_rend])</a></strong><br />
1427 </dt>
1428 <dd>
1429 Returns or replaces the full rendition array of the line, similar to <a href="#item_row_r"><code>ROW_r</code></a>
1430 </dd>
1431 <p></p>
1432 <dt><strong><a name="item_l">$length = $line-&gt;l</a></strong><br />
1433 </dt>
1434 <dd>
1435 Returns the length of the line in cells, similar to <a href="#item_row_l"><code>ROW_l</code></a>.
1436 </dd>
1437 <p></p>
1438 <dt><strong><a name="item_beg">$rownum = $line-&gt;beg</a></strong><br />
1439 </dt>
1440 <dt><strong><a name="item_end">$rownum = $line-&gt;end</a></strong><br />
1441 </dt>
1442 <dd>
1443 Return the row number of the first/last row of the line, respectively.
1444 </dd>
1445 <p></p>
1446 <dt><strong><a name="item_offset_of">$offset = $line-&gt;offset_of ($row, $col)</a></strong><br />
1447 </dt>
1448 <dd>
1449 Returns the character offset of the given row|col pair within the logical
1450 line. Works for rows outside the line, too, and returns corresponding
1451 offsets outside the string.
1452 </dd>
1453 <p></p>
1454 <dt><strong><a name="item_coord_of">($row, $col) = $line-&gt;coord_of ($offset)</a></strong><br />
1455 </dt>
1456 <dd>
1457 Translates a string offset into terminal coordinates again.
1458 </dd>
1459 <p></p></dl>
1460 <dt><strong><a name="item_special_encode">$text = $term-&gt;special_encode $string</a></strong><br />
1461 </dt>
1462 <dd>
1463 Converts a perl string into the special encoding used by rxvt-unicode,
1464 where one character corresponds to one screen cell. See
1465 <a href="#item_row_t"><code>$term-&gt;ROW_t</code></a> for details.
1466 </dd>
1467 <p></p>
1468 <dt><strong><a name="item_special_decode">$string = $term-&gt;special_decode $text</a></strong><br />
1469 </dt>
1470 <dd>
1471 Converts rxvt-unicodes text reprsentation into a perl string. See
1472 <a href="#item_row_t"><code>$term-&gt;ROW_t</code></a> for details.
1473 </dd>
1474 <p></p>
1475 <dt><strong><a name="item_grab_button">$success = $term-&gt;grab_button ($button, $modifiermask)</a></strong><br />
1476 </dt>
1477 <dd>
1478 Registers a synchronous button grab. See the XGrabButton manpage.
1479 </dd>
1480 <p></p>
1481 <dt><strong><a name="item_grab">$success = $term-&gt;grab ($eventtime[, $sync])</a></strong><br />
1482 </dt>
1483 <dd>
1484 Calls XGrabPointer and XGrabKeyboard in asynchronous (default) or
1485 synchronous (<code>$sync</code> is true). Also remembers the grab timestampe.
1486 </dd>
1487 <p></p>
1488 <dt><strong><a name="item_allow_events_async">$term-&gt;allow_events_async</a></strong><br />
1489 </dt>
1490 <dd>
1491 Calls XAllowEvents with AsyncBoth for the most recent grab.
1492 </dd>
1493 <p></p>
1494 <dt><strong><a name="item_allow_events_sync">$term-&gt;allow_events_sync</a></strong><br />
1495 </dt>
1496 <dd>
1497 Calls XAllowEvents with SyncBoth for the most recent grab.
1498 </dd>
1499 <p></p>
1500 <dt><strong><a name="item_allow_events_replay">$term-&gt;allow_events_replay</a></strong><br />
1501 </dt>
1502 <dd>
1503 Calls XAllowEvents with both ReplayPointer and ReplayKeyboard for the most
1504 recent grab.
1505 </dd>
1506 <p></p>
1507 <dt><strong><a name="item_ungrab">$term-&gt;ungrab</a></strong><br />
1508 </dt>
1509 <dd>
1510 Calls XUngrab for the most recent grab. Is called automatically on
1511 evaluation errors, as it is better to lose the grab in the error case as
1512 the session.
1513 </dd>
1514 <p></p>
1515 <dt><strong><a name="item_xinternatom">$atom = $term-&gt;XInternAtom ($atom_name[, $only_if_exists])</a></strong><br />
1516 </dt>
1517 <dt><strong><a name="item_xgetatomname">$atom_name = $term-&gt;XGetAtomName ($atom)</a></strong><br />
1518 </dt>
1519 <dt><strong><a name="item_xlistproperties">@atoms = $term-&gt;XListProperties ($window)</a></strong><br />
1520 </dt>
1521 <dt><strong><a name="item_xgetwindowproperty">($type,$format,$octets) = $term-&gt;XGetWindowProperty ($window, $property)</a></strong><br />
1522 </dt>
1523 <dt><strong><a name="item_xchangewindowproperty">$term-&gt;XChangeWindowProperty ($window, $property, $type, $format, $octets)</a></strong><br />
1524 </dt>
1525 <dt><strong><a name="item_xdeleteproperty">$term-&gt;XDeleteProperty ($window, $property)</a></strong><br />
1526 </dt>
1527 <dt><strong><a name="item_defaultrootwindow">$window = $term-&gt;DefaultRootWindow</a></strong><br />
1528 </dt>
1529 <dt><strong><a name="item_xreparentwindow">$term-&gt;XReparentWindow ($window, $parent, [$x, $y])</a></strong><br />
1530 </dt>
1531 <dt><strong><a name="item_xmapwindow">$term-&gt;XMapWindow ($window)</a></strong><br />
1532 </dt>
1533 <dt><strong><a name="item_xunmapwindow">$term-&gt;XUnmapWindow ($window)</a></strong><br />
1534 </dt>
1535 <dt><strong><a name="item_xmoveresizewindow">$term-&gt;XMoveResizeWindow ($window, $x, $y, $width, $height)</a></strong><br />
1536 </dt>
1537 <dt><strong><a name="item_xtranslatecoordinates">($x, $y, $child_window) = $term-&gt;XTranslateCoordinates ($src, $dst, $x, $y)</a></strong><br />
1538 </dt>
1539 <dt><strong><a name="item_xchangeinput">$term-&gt;XChangeInput ($window, $add_events[, $del_events])</a></strong><br />
1540 </dt>
1541 <dd>
1542 Various X or X-related functions. The <code>$term</code> object only serves as
1543 the source of the display, otherwise those functions map more-or-less
1544 directory onto the X functions of the same name.
1545 </dd>
1546 <p></p></dl>
1547 <p>
1548 </p>
1549 <h2><a name="the_urxvt__popup_class">The <code>urxvt::popup</code> Class</a></h2>
1550 <dl>
1551 <dt><strong><a name="item_add_title">$popup-&gt;add_title ($title)</a></strong><br />
1552 </dt>
1553 <dd>
1554 Adds a non-clickable title to the popup.
1555 </dd>
1556 <p></p>
1557 <dt><strong><a name="item_add_separator">$popup-&gt;add_separator ([$sepchr])</a></strong><br />
1558 </dt>
1559 <dd>
1560 Creates a separator, optionally using the character given as <code>$sepchr</code>.
1561 </dd>
1562 <p></p>
1563 <dt><strong><a name="item_add_button">$popup-&gt;add_button ($text, $cb)</a></strong><br />
1564 </dt>
1565 <dd>
1566 Adds a clickable button to the popup. <code>$cb</code> is called whenever it is
1567 selected.
1568 </dd>
1569 <p></p>
1570 <dt><strong><a name="item_add_toggle">$popup-&gt;add_toggle ($text, $cb, $initial_value)</a></strong><br />
1571 </dt>
1572 <dd>
1573 Adds a toggle/checkbox item to the popup. Teh callback gets called
1574 whenever it gets toggled, with a boolean indicating its value as its first
1575 argument.
1576 </dd>
1577 <p></p>
1578 <dt><strong>$popup-&gt;show</strong><br />
1579 </dt>
1580 <dd>
1581 Displays the popup (which is initially hidden).
1582 </dd>
1583 <p></p></dl>
1584 <p>
1585 </p>
1586 <h2><a name="the_urxvt__timer_class">The <code>urxvt::timer</code> Class</a></h2>
1587 <p>This class implements timer watchers/events. Time is represented as a
1588 fractional number of seconds since the epoch. Example:</p>
1589 <pre>
1590 $term-&gt;{overlay} = $term-&gt;overlay (-1, 0, 8, 1, urxvt::OVERLAY_RSTYLE, 0);
1591 $term-&gt;{timer} = urxvt::timer
1592 -&gt;new
1593 -&gt;interval (1)
1594 -&gt;cb (sub {
1595 $term-&gt;{overlay}-&gt;set (0, 0,
1596 sprintf &quot;%2d:%02d:%02d&quot;, (localtime urxvt::NOW)[2,1,0]);
1597 });</pre>
1598 <dl>
1599 <dt><strong><a name="item__24timer__3d_new_urxvt_3a_3atimer">$timer = new urxvt::timer</a></strong><br />
1600 </dt>
1601 <dd>
1602 Create a new timer object in started state. It is scheduled to fire
1603 immediately.
1604 </dd>
1605 <p></p>
1606 <dt><strong><a name="item_cb">$timer = $timer-&gt;cb (sub { my ($timer) = @_; ... })</a></strong><br />
1607 </dt>
1608 <dd>
1609 Set the callback to be called when the timer triggers.
1610 </dd>
1611 <p></p>
1612 <dt><strong><a name="item_at">$tstamp = $timer-&gt;at</a></strong><br />
1613 </dt>
1614 <dd>
1615 Return the time this watcher will fire next.
1616 </dd>
1617 <p></p>
1618 <dt><strong>$timer = $timer-&gt;set ($tstamp)</strong><br />
1619 </dt>
1620 <dd>
1621 Set the time the event is generated to $tstamp.
1622 </dd>
1623 <p></p>
1624 <dt><strong><a name="item_interval">$timer = $timer-&gt;interval ($interval)</a></strong><br />
1625 </dt>
1626 <dd>
1627 Normally (and when <code>$interval</code> is <code>0</code>), the timer will automatically
1628 stop after it has fired once. If <code>$interval</code> is non-zero, then the timer
1629 is automatically rescheduled at the given intervals.
1630 </dd>
1631 <p></p>
1632 <dt><strong><a name="item_start">$timer = $timer-&gt;start</a></strong><br />
1633 </dt>
1634 <dd>
1635 Start the timer.
1636 </dd>
1637 <p></p>
1638 <dt><strong>$timer = $timer-&gt;start ($tstamp)</strong><br />
1639 </dt>
1640 <dd>
1641 Set the event trigger time to <code>$tstamp</code> and start the timer.
1642 </dd>
1643 <p></p>
1644 <dt><strong><a name="item_after">$timer = $timer-&gt;after ($delay)</a></strong><br />
1645 </dt>
1646 <dd>
1647 Like <a href="#item_start"><code>start</code></a>, but sets the expiry timer to c&lt;urxvt::NOW + $delay&gt;.
1648 </dd>
1649 <p></p>
1650 <dt><strong><a name="item_stop">$timer = $timer-&gt;stop</a></strong><br />
1651 </dt>
1652 <dd>
1653 Stop the timer.
1654 </dd>
1655 <p></p></dl>
1656 <p>
1657 </p>
1658 <h2><a name="the_urxvt__iow_class">The <code>urxvt::iow</code> Class</a></h2>
1659 <p>This class implements io watchers/events. Example:</p>
1660 <pre>
1661 $term-&gt;{socket} = ...
1662 $term-&gt;{iow} = urxvt::iow
1663 -&gt;new
1664 -&gt;fd (fileno $term-&gt;{socket})
1665 -&gt;events (urxvt::EVENT_READ)
1666 -&gt;start
1667 -&gt;cb (sub {
1668 my ($iow, $revents) = @_;
1669 # $revents must be 1 here, no need to check
1670 sysread $term-&gt;{socket}, my $buf, 8192
1671 or end-of-file;
1672 });</pre>
1673 <dl>
1674 <dt><strong><a name="item__24iow__3d_new_urxvt_3a_3aiow">$iow = new urxvt::iow</a></strong><br />
1675 </dt>
1676 <dd>
1677 Create a new io watcher object in stopped state.
1678 </dd>
1679 <p></p>
1680 <dt><strong>$iow = $iow-&gt;cb (sub { my ($iow, $reventmask) = @_; ... })</strong><br />
1681 </dt>
1682 <dd>
1683 Set the callback to be called when io events are triggered. <code>$reventmask</code>
1684 is a bitset as described in the <a href="#item_events"><code>events</code></a> method.
1685 </dd>
1686 <p></p>
1687 <dt><strong><a name="item_fd">$iow = $iow-&gt;fd ($fd)</a></strong><br />
1688 </dt>
1689 <dd>
1690 Set the filedescriptor (not handle) to watch.
1691 </dd>
1692 <p></p>
1693 <dt><strong><a name="item_events">$iow = $iow-&gt;events ($eventmask)</a></strong><br />
1694 </dt>
1695 <dd>
1696 Set the event mask to watch. The only allowed values are
1697 <code>urxvt::EVENT_READ</code> and <code>urxvt::EVENT_WRITE</code>, which might be ORed
1698 together, or <code>urxvt::EVENT_NONE</code>.
1699 </dd>
1700 <p></p>
1701 <dt><strong>$iow = $iow-&gt;start</strong><br />
1702 </dt>
1703 <dd>
1704 Start watching for requested events on the given handle.
1705 </dd>
1706 <p></p>
1707 <dt><strong>$iow = $iow-&gt;stop</strong><br />
1708 </dt>
1709 <dd>
1710 Stop watching for events on the given filehandle.
1711 </dd>
1712 <p></p></dl>
1713 <p>
1714 </p>
1715 <h2><a name="the_urxvt__iw_class">The <code>urxvt::iw</code> Class</a></h2>
1716 <p>This class implements idle watchers, that get called automatically when
1717 the process is idle. They should return as fast as possible, after doing
1718 some useful work.</p>
1719 <dl>
1720 <dt><strong><a name="item__24iw__3d_new_urxvt_3a_3aiw">$iw = new urxvt::iw</a></strong><br />
1721 </dt>
1722 <dd>
1723 Create a new idle watcher object in stopped state.
1724 </dd>
1725 <p></p>
1726 <dt><strong>$iw = $iw-&gt;cb (sub { my ($iw) = @_; ... })</strong><br />
1727 </dt>
1728 <dd>
1729 Set the callback to be called when the watcher triggers.
1730 </dd>
1731 <p></p>
1732 <dt><strong>$timer = $timer-&gt;start</strong><br />
1733 </dt>
1734 <dd>
1735 Start the watcher.
1736 </dd>
1737 <p></p>
1738 <dt><strong>$timer = $timer-&gt;stop</strong><br />
1739 </dt>
1740 <dd>
1741 Stop the watcher.
1742 </dd>
1743 <p></p></dl>
1744 <p>
1745 </p>
1746 <h2><a name="the_urxvt__pw_class">The <code>urxvt::pw</code> Class</a></h2>
1747 <p>This class implements process watchers. They create an event whenever a
1748 process exits, after which they stop automatically.</p>
1749 <pre>
1750 my $pid = fork;
1751 ...
1752 $term-&gt;{pw} = urxvt::pw
1753 -&gt;new
1754 -&gt;start ($pid)
1755 -&gt;cb (sub {
1756 my ($pw, $exit_status) = @_;
1757 ...
1758 });</pre>
1759 <dl>
1760 <dt><strong><a name="item__24pw__3d_new_urxvt_3a_3apw">$pw = new urxvt::pw</a></strong><br />
1761 </dt>
1762 <dd>
1763 Create a new process watcher in stopped state.
1764 </dd>
1765 <p></p>
1766 <dt><strong>$pw = $pw-&gt;cb (sub { my ($pw, $exit_status) = @_; ... })</strong><br />
1767 </dt>
1768 <dd>
1769 Set the callback to be called when the timer triggers.
1770 </dd>
1771 <p></p>
1772 <dt><strong>$pw = $timer-&gt;start ($pid)</strong><br />
1773 </dt>
1774 <dd>
1775 Tells the wqtcher to start watching for process <code>$pid</code>.
1776 </dd>
1777 <p></p>
1778 <dt><strong>$pw = $pw-&gt;stop</strong><br />
1779 </dt>
1780 <dd>
1781 Stop the watcher.
1782 </dd>
1783 <p></p></dl>
1784 <p>
1785 </p>
1786 <hr />
1787 <h1><a name="environment">ENVIRONMENT</a></h1>
1788 <p>
1789 </p>
1790 <h2><a name="urxvt_perl_verbosity">URXVT_PERL_VERBOSITY</a></h2>
1791 <p>This variable controls the verbosity level of the perl extension. Higher
1792 numbers indicate more verbose output.</p>
1793 <dl>
1794 <dt><strong><a name="item__3d_3d_0__2d_fatal_messages">== 0 - fatal messages</a></strong><br />
1795 </dt>
1796 <dt><strong><a name="item__3e_3d_3__2d_script_loading_and_management">&gt;= 3 - script loading and management</a></strong><br />
1797 </dt>
1798 <dt><strong><a name="item__3e_3d10__2d_all_called_hooks">&gt;=10 - all called hooks</a></strong><br />
1799 </dt>
1800 <dt><strong><a name="item__3e_3d11__2d_hook_reutrn_values">&gt;=11 - hook reutrn values</a></strong><br />
1801 </dt>
1802 </dl>
1803 <p>
1804 </p>
1805 <hr />
1806 <h1><a name="author">AUTHOR</a></h1>
1807 <pre>
1808 Marc Lehmann &lt;pcg@goof.com&gt;
1809 <a href="http://software.schmorp.de/pkg/rxvt-unicode">http://software.schmorp.de/pkg/rxvt-unicode</a></pre>
1810
1811 </body>
1812
1813 </html>