1 |
NAME |
2 |
rxvtperl - rxvt-unicode's embedded perl interpreter |
3 |
|
4 |
SYNOPSIS |
5 |
# create a file grab_test in $HOME: |
6 |
|
7 |
sub on_sel_grab { |
8 |
warn "you selected ", $_[0]->selection; |
9 |
() |
10 |
} |
11 |
|
12 |
# start a rxvt using it: |
13 |
|
14 |
rxvt --perl-lib $HOME -pe grab_test |
15 |
|
16 |
DESCRIPTION |
17 |
Everytime a terminal object gets created, scripts specified via the |
18 |
"perl" resource are loaded and associated with it. |
19 |
|
20 |
Scripts are compiled in a 'use strict' and 'use utf8' environment, and |
21 |
thus must be encoded as UTF-8. |
22 |
|
23 |
Each script will only ever be loaded once, even in rxvtd, where scripts |
24 |
will be shared (but not enabled) for all terminals. |
25 |
|
26 |
Prepackaged Extensions |
27 |
This section describes the extensiosn delivered with this version. You |
28 |
can find them in /opt/rxvt/lib/urxvt/perl/. |
29 |
|
30 |
You can activate them like this: |
31 |
|
32 |
rxvt -pe <extensionname> |
33 |
|
34 |
selection |
35 |
Intelligent selection. This etxension tries to be more intelligent |
36 |
when the user extends selections (double-click). |
37 |
|
38 |
It also offers the following bindable event: |
39 |
|
40 |
rot13 |
41 |
Rot-13 the selection when activated. Used via keyboard trigger: |
42 |
|
43 |
URxvt.keysym.C-M-r: perl:selection:rot13 |
44 |
|
45 |
digital-clock |
46 |
Displays a digital clock using the built-in overlay. |
47 |
|
48 |
example-refresh-hooks |
49 |
Displays a very simple digital clock in the upper right corner of |
50 |
the window. Illustrates overwriting the refresh callbacks to create |
51 |
your own overlays or changes. |
52 |
|
53 |
General API Considerations |
54 |
All objects (such as terminals, time watchers etc.) are typical |
55 |
reference-to-hash objects. The hash can be used to store anything you |
56 |
like. All members starting with an underscore (such as "_ptr" or |
57 |
"_hook") are reserved for internal uses and MUST NOT be accessed or |
58 |
modified). |
59 |
|
60 |
When objects are destroyed on the C++ side, the perl object hashes are |
61 |
emptied, so its best to store related objects such as time watchers and |
62 |
the like inside the terminal object so they get destroyed as soon as the |
63 |
terminal is destroyed. |
64 |
|
65 |
Hooks |
66 |
The following subroutines can be declared in loaded scripts, and will be |
67 |
called whenever the relevant event happens. |
68 |
|
69 |
The first argument passed to them is an object private to each terminal |
70 |
and extension package. You can call all "urxvt::term" methods on it, but |
71 |
its not a real "urxvt::term" object. Instead, the real "urxvt::term" |
72 |
object that is shared between all packages is stored in the "term" |
73 |
member. |
74 |
|
75 |
All of them must return a boolean value. If it is true, then the event |
76 |
counts as being *consumed*, and the invocation of other hooks is |
77 |
skipped, and the relevant action might not be carried out by the C++ |
78 |
code. |
79 |
|
80 |
When in doubt, return a false value (preferably "()"). |
81 |
|
82 |
on_init $term |
83 |
Called after a new terminal object has been initialized, but before |
84 |
windows are created or the command gets run. |
85 |
|
86 |
on_reset $term |
87 |
Called after the screen is "reset" for any reason, such as resizing |
88 |
or control sequences. Here is where you can react on changes to |
89 |
size-related variables. |
90 |
|
91 |
on_start $term |
92 |
Called at the very end of initialisation of a new terminal, just |
93 |
before returning to the mainloop. |
94 |
|
95 |
on_sel_make $term, $eventtime |
96 |
Called whenever a selection has been made by the user, but before |
97 |
the selection text is copied, so changes to the beginning, end or |
98 |
type of the selection will be honored. |
99 |
|
100 |
Returning a true value aborts selection making by urxvt, in which |
101 |
case you have to make a selection yourself by calling |
102 |
"$term->selection_grab". |
103 |
|
104 |
on_sel_grab $term, $eventtime |
105 |
Called whenever a selection has been copied, but before the |
106 |
selection is requested from the server. The selection text can be |
107 |
queried and changed by calling "$term->selection". |
108 |
|
109 |
Returning a true value aborts selection grabbing. It will still be |
110 |
hilighted. |
111 |
|
112 |
on_sel_extend $term |
113 |
Called whenever the user tries to extend the selection (e.g. with a |
114 |
double click) and is either supposed to return false (normal |
115 |
operation), or should extend the selection itelf and return true to |
116 |
suppress the built-in processing. |
117 |
|
118 |
See the selection example extension. |
119 |
|
120 |
on_focus_in $term |
121 |
Called whenever the window gets the keyboard focus, before urxvt |
122 |
does focus in processing. |
123 |
|
124 |
on_focus_out $term |
125 |
Called wheneever the window loses keyboard focus, before urxvt does |
126 |
focus out processing. |
127 |
|
128 |
on_view_change $term, $offset |
129 |
Called whenever the view offset changes, i..e the user or program |
130 |
scrolls. Offset 0 means display the normal terminal, positive values |
131 |
show this many lines of scrollback. |
132 |
|
133 |
on_scroll_back $term, $lines, $saved |
134 |
Called whenever lines scroll out of the terminal area into the |
135 |
scrollback buffer. $lines is the number of lines scrolled out and |
136 |
may be larger than the scroll back buffer or the terminal. |
137 |
|
138 |
It is called before lines are scrolled out (so rows 0 .. min ($lines |
139 |
- 1, $nrow - 1) represent the lines to be scrolled out). $saved is |
140 |
the total number of lines that will be in the scrollback buffer. |
141 |
|
142 |
on_tty_activity $term *NYI* |
143 |
Called whenever the program(s) running in the urxvt window send |
144 |
output. |
145 |
|
146 |
on_refresh_begin $term |
147 |
Called just before the screen gets redrawn. Can be used for overlay |
148 |
or similar effects by modify terminal contents in refresh_begin, and |
149 |
restoring them in refresh_end. The built-in overlay and selection |
150 |
display code is run after this hook, and takes precedence. |
151 |
|
152 |
on_refresh_end $term |
153 |
Called just after the screen gets redrawn. See "on_refresh_begin". |
154 |
|
155 |
on_keyboard_command $term, $string |
156 |
Called whenever the user presses a key combination that has a |
157 |
"perl:string" action bound to it (see description of the keysym |
158 |
resource in the rxvt(1) manpage). |
159 |
|
160 |
Variables in the "urxvt" Package |
161 |
$urxvt::TERM |
162 |
The current terminal. Whenever a callback/Hook is bein executed, |
163 |
this variable stores the current "urxvt::term" object. |
164 |
|
165 |
Functions in the "urxvt" Package |
166 |
urxvt::fatal $errormessage |
167 |
Fatally aborts execution with the given error message. Avoid at all |
168 |
costs! The only time this is acceptable is when the terminal process |
169 |
starts up. |
170 |
|
171 |
urxvt::warn $string |
172 |
Calls "rxvt_warn" with the given string which should not include a |
173 |
newline. The module also overwrites the "warn" builtin with a |
174 |
function that calls this function. |
175 |
|
176 |
Using this function has the advantage that its output ends up in the |
177 |
correct place, e.g. on stderr of the connecting urxvtc client. |
178 |
|
179 |
$time = urxvt::NOW |
180 |
Returns the "current time" (as per the event loop). |
181 |
|
182 |
RENDITION |
183 |
Rendition bitsets contain information about colour, font, font styles |
184 |
and similar information for each screen cell. |
185 |
|
186 |
The following "macros" deal with changes in rendition sets. You should |
187 |
never just create a bitset, you should always modify an existing one, as |
188 |
they contain important information required for correct operation of |
189 |
rxvt-unicode. |
190 |
|
191 |
$rend = urxvt::DEFAULT_RSTYLE |
192 |
Returns the default rendition, as used when the terminal is starting |
193 |
up or being reset. Useful as a base to start when creating |
194 |
renditions. |
195 |
|
196 |
$rend = urxvt::OVERLAY_RSTYLE |
197 |
Return the rendition mask used for overlays by default. |
198 |
|
199 |
$rendbit = urxvt::RS_Bold, RS_Italic, RS_Blink, RS_RVid, RS_Uline |
200 |
Return the bit that enabled bold, italic, blink, reverse-video and |
201 |
underline, respectively. To enable such a style, just logically OR |
202 |
it into the bitset. |
203 |
|
204 |
$foreground = urxvt::GET_BASEFG $rend |
205 |
$background = urxvt::GET_BASEBG $rend |
206 |
Return the foreground/background colour index, respectively. |
207 |
|
208 |
$rend = urxvt::SET_FGCOLOR ($rend, $new_colour) |
209 |
$rend = urxvt::SET_BGCOLOR ($rend, $new_colour) |
210 |
Replace the foreground/background colour in the rendition mask with |
211 |
the specified one. |
212 |
|
213 |
$value = urxvt::GET_CUSTOM ($rend) |
214 |
Return the "custom" value: Every rendition has 5 bits for use by |
215 |
extensions. They can be set and changed as you like and are |
216 |
initially zero. |
217 |
|
218 |
$rend = urxvt::SET_CUSTOM ($rend, $new_value) |
219 |
Change the custom value. |
220 |
|
221 |
The "urxvt::term" Class |
222 |
$value = $term->resource ($name[, $newval]) |
223 |
Returns the current resource value associated with a given name and |
224 |
optionally sets a new value. Setting values is most useful in the |
225 |
"init" hook. Unset resources are returned and accepted as "undef". |
226 |
|
227 |
The new value must be properly encoded to a suitable character |
228 |
encoding before passing it to this method. Similarly, the returned |
229 |
value may need to be converted from the used encoding to text. |
230 |
|
231 |
Resource names are as defined in src/rsinc.h. Colours can be |
232 |
specified as resource names of the form "color+<index>", e.g. |
233 |
"color+5". (will likely change). |
234 |
|
235 |
Please note that resource strings will currently only be freed when |
236 |
the terminal is destroyed, so changing options frequently will eat |
237 |
memory. |
238 |
|
239 |
Here is a a likely non-exhaustive list of resource names, not all of |
240 |
which are supported in every build, please see the source to see the |
241 |
actual list: |
242 |
|
243 |
answerbackstring backgroundPixmap backspace_key boldFont boldItalicFont |
244 |
borderLess color cursorBlink cursorUnderline cutchars delete_key |
245 |
display_name embed ext_bwidth fade font geometry hold iconName |
246 |
imFont imLocale inputMethod insecure int_bwidth intensityStyles |
247 |
italicFont jumpScroll lineSpace loginShell mapAlert menu meta8 modifier |
248 |
mouseWheelScrollPage name pastableTabs path perl_eval perl_ext |
249 |
perl_lib pointerBlank pointerBlankDelay preeditType print_pipe pty_fd |
250 |
reverseVideo saveLines scrollBar scrollBar_align scrollBar_floating |
251 |
scrollBar_right scrollBar_thickness scrollTtyKeypress scrollTtyOutput |
252 |
scrollWithBuffer scrollstyle secondaryScreen secondaryScroll selectstyle |
253 |
shade term_name title transparent transparent_all tripleclickwords |
254 |
utmpInhibit visualBell |
255 |
|
256 |
($row, $col) = $term->selection_mark ([$row, $col]) |
257 |
($row, $col) = $term->selection_beg ([$row, $col]) |
258 |
($row, $col) = $term->selection_end ([$row, $col]) |
259 |
Return the current values of the selection mark, begin or end |
260 |
positions, and optionally set them to new values. |
261 |
|
262 |
$success = $term->selection_grab ($eventtime) |
263 |
Try to request the primary selection from the server (for example, |
264 |
as set by the next method). |
265 |
|
266 |
$oldtext = $term->selection ([$newtext]) |
267 |
Return the current selection text and optionally replace it by |
268 |
$newtext. |
269 |
|
270 |
#=item $term->overlay ($x, $y, $text) # #Create a simple multi-line |
271 |
overlay box. See the next method for details. # #=cut |
272 |
|
273 |
sub urxvt::term::scr_overlay { die; my ($self, $x, $y, $text) = @_; |
274 |
|
275 |
my @lines = split /\n/, $text; |
276 |
|
277 |
my $w = 0; |
278 |
for (map $self->strwidth ($_), @lines) { |
279 |
$w = $_ if $w < $_; |
280 |
} |
281 |
|
282 |
$self->scr_overlay_new ($x, $y, $w, scalar @lines); |
283 |
$self->scr_overlay_set (0, $_, $lines[$_]) for 0.. $#lines; |
284 |
} |
285 |
|
286 |
$term->overlay ($x, $y, $width, $height[, $rstyle[, $border]]) |
287 |
Create a new (empty) overlay at the given position with the given |
288 |
width/height. $rstyle defines the initial rendition style (default: |
289 |
"OVERLAY_RSTYLE"). |
290 |
|
291 |
If $border is 2 (default), then a decorative border will be put |
292 |
around the box. |
293 |
|
294 |
If either $x or $y is negative, then this is counted from the |
295 |
right/bottom side, respectively. |
296 |
|
297 |
This method returns an urxvt::overlay object. The overlay will be |
298 |
visible as long as the perl object is referenced. |
299 |
|
300 |
The methods currently supported on "urxvt::overlay" objects are: |
301 |
|
302 |
$overlay->set ($x, $y, $text, $rend) |
303 |
Similar to "$term->ROW_t" and "$term->ROW_r" in that it puts |
304 |
text in rxvt-unicode's special encoding and an array of |
305 |
rendition values at a specific position inside the overlay. |
306 |
|
307 |
$overlay->hide |
308 |
If visible, hide the overlay, but do not destroy it. |
309 |
|
310 |
$overlay->show |
311 |
If hidden, display the overlay again. |
312 |
|
313 |
$cellwidth = $term->strwidth $string |
314 |
Returns the number of screen-cells this string would need. Correctly |
315 |
accounts for wide and combining characters. |
316 |
|
317 |
$octets = $term->locale_encode $string |
318 |
Convert the given text string into the corresponding locale |
319 |
encoding. |
320 |
|
321 |
$string = $term->locale_decode $octets |
322 |
Convert the given locale-encoded octets into a perl string. |
323 |
|
324 |
$term->tt_write ($octets) |
325 |
Write the octets given in $data to the tty (i.e. as program input). |
326 |
To pass characters instead of octets, you should convert your |
327 |
strings first to the locale-specific encoding using |
328 |
"$term->locale_encode". |
329 |
|
330 |
$nrow = $term->nrow |
331 |
$ncol = $term->ncol |
332 |
Return the number of rows/columns of the terminal window (i.e. as |
333 |
specified by "-geometry", excluding any scrollback). |
334 |
|
335 |
$nsaved = $term->nsaved |
336 |
Returns the number of lines in the scrollback buffer. |
337 |
|
338 |
$view_start = $term->view_start ([$newvalue]) |
339 |
Returns the negative row number of the topmost line. Minimum value |
340 |
is 0, which displays the normal terminal contents. Larger values |
341 |
scroll this many lines into the scrollback buffer. |
342 |
|
343 |
$term->want_refresh |
344 |
Requests a screen refresh. At the next opportunity, rxvt-unicode |
345 |
will compare the on-screen display with its stored representation. |
346 |
If they differ, it redraws the differences. |
347 |
|
348 |
Used after changing terminal contents to display them. |
349 |
|
350 |
$text = $term->ROW_t ($row_number[, $new_text[, $start_col]]) |
351 |
Returns the text of the entire row with number $row_number. Row 0 is |
352 |
the topmost terminal line, row "$term->$ncol-1" is the bottommost |
353 |
terminal line. The scrollback buffer starts at line -1 and extends |
354 |
to line "-$term->nsaved". Nothing will be returned if a nonexistent |
355 |
line is requested. |
356 |
|
357 |
If $new_text is specified, it will replace characters in the current |
358 |
line, starting at column $start_col (default 0), which is useful to |
359 |
replace only parts of a line. The font index in the rendition will |
360 |
automatically be updated. |
361 |
|
362 |
$text is in a special encoding: tabs and wide characters that use |
363 |
more than one cell when displayed are padded with urxvt::NOCHAR |
364 |
characters ("chr 65535"). Characters with combining characters and |
365 |
other characters that do not fit into the normal tetx encoding will |
366 |
be replaced with characters in the private use area. |
367 |
|
368 |
You have to obey this encoding when changing text. The advantage is |
369 |
that "substr" and similar functions work on screen cells and not on |
370 |
characters. |
371 |
|
372 |
The methods "$term->special_encode" and "$term->special_decode" can |
373 |
be used to convert normal strings into this encoding and vice versa. |
374 |
|
375 |
$rend = $term->ROW_r ($row_number[, $new_rend[, $start_col]]) |
376 |
Like "$term->ROW_t", but returns an arrayref with rendition bitsets. |
377 |
Rendition bitsets contain information about colour, font, font |
378 |
styles and similar information. See also "$term->ROW_t". |
379 |
|
380 |
When setting rendition, the font mask will be ignored. |
381 |
|
382 |
See the section on RENDITION, above. |
383 |
|
384 |
$length = $term->ROW_l ($row_number[, $new_length]) |
385 |
Returns the number of screen cells that are in use ("the line |
386 |
length"). Unlike the urxvt core, this returns "$term->ncol" if the |
387 |
line is joined with the following one. |
388 |
|
389 |
$bool = $term->is_longer ($row_number) |
390 |
Returns true if the row is part of a multiple-row logical "line" |
391 |
(i.e. joined with the following row), which means all characters are |
392 |
in use and it is continued on the next row (and possibly a |
393 |
continuation of the previous row(s)). |
394 |
|
395 |
$line = $term->line ($row_number) |
396 |
Create and return a new "urxvt::line" object that stores information |
397 |
about the logical line that row $row_number is part of. It supports |
398 |
the following methods: |
399 |
|
400 |
$text = $line->t |
401 |
Returns the full text of the line, similar to "ROW_t" |
402 |
|
403 |
$rend = $line->r |
404 |
Returns the full rendition array of the line, similar to "ROW_r" |
405 |
|
406 |
$length = $line->l |
407 |
Returns the length of the line in cells, similar to "ROW_l". |
408 |
|
409 |
$rownum = $line->beg |
410 |
$rownum = $line->end |
411 |
Return the row number of the first/last row of the line, |
412 |
respectively. |
413 |
|
414 |
$offset = $line->offset_of ($row, $col) |
415 |
Returns the character offset of the given row|col pair within |
416 |
the logical line. |
417 |
|
418 |
($row, $col) = $line->coord_of ($offset) |
419 |
Translates a string offset into terminal coordinates again. |
420 |
|
421 |
($row, $col) = $line->coord_of ($offset) =item $text = |
422 |
$term->special_encode $string |
423 |
Converts a perl string into the special encoding used by |
424 |
rxvt-unicode, where one character corresponds to one screen cell. |
425 |
See "$term->ROW_t" for details. |
426 |
|
427 |
$string = $term->special_decode $text |
428 |
Converts rxvt-unicodes text reprsentation into a perl string. See |
429 |
"$term->ROW_t" for details. |
430 |
|
431 |
The "urxvt::timer" Class |
432 |
This class implements timer watchers/events. Time is represented as a |
433 |
fractional number of seconds since the epoch. Example: |
434 |
|
435 |
$term->{overlay} = $term->overlay (-1, 0, 8, 1, urxvt::OVERLAY_RSTYLE, 0); |
436 |
$term->{timer} = urxvt::timer |
437 |
->new |
438 |
->interval (1) |
439 |
->cb (sub { |
440 |
$term->{overlay}->set (0, 0, |
441 |
sprintf "%2d:%02d:%02d", (localtime urxvt::NOW)[2,1,0]); |
442 |
}); |
443 |
|
444 |
$timer = new urxvt::timer |
445 |
Create a new timer object in started state. It is scheduled to fire |
446 |
immediately. |
447 |
|
448 |
$timer = $timer->cb (sub { my ($timer) = @_; ... }) |
449 |
Set the callback to be called when the timer triggers. |
450 |
|
451 |
$tstamp = $timer->at |
452 |
Return the time this watcher will fire next. |
453 |
|
454 |
$timer = $timer->set ($tstamp) |
455 |
Set the time the event is generated to $tstamp. |
456 |
|
457 |
$timer = $timer->interval ($interval) |
458 |
Normally (and when $interval is 0), the timer will automatically |
459 |
stop after it has fired once. If $interval is non-zero, then the |
460 |
timer is automatically rescheduled at the given intervals. |
461 |
|
462 |
$timer = $timer->start |
463 |
Start the timer. |
464 |
|
465 |
$timer = $timer->start ($tstamp) |
466 |
Set the event trigger time to $tstamp and start the timer. |
467 |
|
468 |
$timer = $timer->stop |
469 |
Stop the timer. |
470 |
|
471 |
The "urxvt::iow" Class |
472 |
This class implements io watchers/events. Example: |
473 |
|
474 |
$term->{socket} = ... |
475 |
$term->{iow} = urxvt::iow |
476 |
->new |
477 |
->fd (fileno $term->{socket}) |
478 |
->events (1) # wait for read data |
479 |
->start |
480 |
->cb (sub { |
481 |
my ($iow, $revents) = @_; |
482 |
# $revents must be 1 here, no need to check |
483 |
sysread $term->{socket}, my $buf, 8192 |
484 |
or end-of-file; |
485 |
}); |
486 |
|
487 |
$iow = new urxvt::iow |
488 |
Create a new io watcher object in stopped state. |
489 |
|
490 |
$iow = $iow->cb (sub { my ($iow, $reventmask) = @_; ... }) |
491 |
Set the callback to be called when io events are triggered. |
492 |
$reventmask is a bitset as described in the "events" method. |
493 |
|
494 |
$iow = $iow->fd ($fd) |
495 |
Set the filedescriptor (not handle) to watch. |
496 |
|
497 |
$iow = $iow->events ($eventmask) |
498 |
Set the event mask to watch. Bit #0 (value 1) enables watching for |
499 |
read data, Bit #1 (value 2) enables watching for write data. |
500 |
|
501 |
$iow = $iow->start |
502 |
Start watching for requested events on the given handle. |
503 |
|
504 |
$iow = $iow->stop |
505 |
Stop watching for events on the given filehandle. |
506 |
|
507 |
ENVIRONMENT |
508 |
URXVT_PERL_VERBOSITY |
509 |
This variable controls the verbosity level of the perl extension. Higher |
510 |
numbers indicate more verbose output. |
511 |
|
512 |
0 - only fatal messages |
513 |
3 - script loading and management |
514 |
10 - all events received |
515 |
|
516 |
AUTHOR |
517 |
Marc Lehmann <pcg@goof.com> |
518 |
http://software.schmorp.de/pkg/rxvt-unicode |
519 |
|