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Revision 1.125 by root, Sun Jan 22 20:39:47 2006 UTC

		1	=encoding utf8
		2
1	=head1 NAME	3	=head1 NAME
2		4
3	urxvt - rxvt-unicode's embedded perl interpreter	5	@@RXVT_NAME@@perl - rxvt-unicode's embedded perl interpreter
4		6
5	=head1 SYNOPSIS	7	=head1 SYNOPSIS
6		8
7	Put your scripts into $LIBDIR/perl-init/, they will be loaded automatically.	9	# create a file grab_test in $HOME:
8
9	Each script will only be loaded once, even in urxvtd, and will be valid
10	globally.
11
12	Scripts are evaluated in a 'use strict' and 'use utf8' environment, and
13	thus must be written in utf-8.
14		10
15	sub on_sel_grab {	11	sub on_sel_grab {
16	warn "you selected ", $_[0]->selection;	12	warn "you selected ", $_[0]->selection;
		13	()
17	}	14	}
18		15
19	1	16	# start a @@RXVT_NAME@@ using it:
		17
		18	@@RXVT_NAME@@ --perl-lib $HOME -pe grab_test
20		19
21	=head1 DESCRIPTION	20	=head1 DESCRIPTION
22		21
		22	Everytime a terminal object gets created, extension scripts specified via
		23	the C<perl> resource are loaded and associated with it.
		24
		25	Scripts are compiled in a 'use strict' and 'use utf8' environment, and
		26	thus must be encoded as UTF-8.
		27
		28	Each script will only ever be loaded once, even in @@RXVT_NAME@@d, where
		29	scripts will be shared (but not enabled) for all terminals.
		30
		31	=head1 PREPACKAGED EXTENSIONS
		32
		33	This section describes the extensions delivered with this release. You can
		34	find them in F<@@RXVT_LIBDIR@@/urxvt/perl/>.
		35
		36	You can activate them like this:
		37
		38	@@RXVT_NAME@@ -pe <extensionname>
		39
		40	Or by adding them to the resource for extensions loaded by default:
		41
		42	URxvt.perl-ext-common: default,automove-background,selection-autotransform
		43
		44	=over 4
		45
		46	=item selection (enabled by default)
		47
		48	(More) intelligent selection. This extension tries to be more intelligent
		49	when the user extends selections (double-click and further clicks). Right
		50	now, it tries to select words, urls and complete shell-quoted
		51	arguments, which is very convenient, too, if your F<ls> supports
		52	C<--quoting-style=shell>.
		53
		54	A double-click usually selects the word under the cursor, further clicks
		55	will enlarge the selection.
		56
		57	The selection works by trying to match a number of regexes and displaying
		58	them in increasing order of length. You can add your own regexes by
		59	specifying resources of the form:
		60
		61	URxvt.selection.pattern-0: perl-regex
		62	URxvt.selection.pattern-1: perl-regex
		63	...
		64
		65	The index number (0, 1...) must not have any holes, and each regex must
		66	contain at least one pair of capturing parentheses, which will be used for
		67	the match. For example, the followign adds a regex that matches everything
		68	between two vertical bars:
		69
		70	URxvt.selection.pattern-0: \\|([^|]+)\\|
		71
		72	You can look at the source of the selection extension to see more
		73	interesting uses, such as parsing a line from beginning to end.
		74
		75	This extension also offers following bindable keyboard commands:
		76
		77	=over 4
		78
		79	=item rot13
		80
		81	Rot-13 the selection when activated. Used via keyboard trigger:
		82
		83	URxvt.keysym.C-M-r: perl:selection:rot13
		84
		85	=back
		86
		87	=item option-popup (enabled by default)
		88
		89	Binds a popup menu to Ctrl-Button2 that lets you toggle (some) options at
		90	runtime.
		91
		92	=item selection-popup (enabled by default)
		93
		94	Binds a popup menu to Ctrl-Button3 that lets you convert the selection
		95	text into various other formats/action (such as uri unescaping, perl
		96	evaluation, web-browser starting etc.), depending on content.
		97
		98	Other extensions can extend this popup menu by pushing a code reference
		99	onto C<@{ $term->{selection_popup_hook} }>, that is called whenever the
		100	popup is displayed.
		101
		102	It's sole argument is the popup menu, which can be modified. The selection
		103	is in C<$_>, which can be used to decide wether to add something or not.
		104	It should either return nothing or a string and a code reference. The
		105	string will be used as button text and the code reference will be called
		106	when the button gets activated and should transform C<$_>.
		107
		108	The following will add an entry C<a to b> that transforms all C<a>s in
		109	the selection to C<b>s, but only if the selection currently contains any
		110	C<a>s:
		111
		112	push @{ $self->{term}{selection_popup_hook} }, sub {
		113	/a/ ? ("a to be" => sub { s/a/b/g }
		114	: ()
		115	};
		116
		117	=item searchable-scrollback<hotkey> (enabled by default)
		118
		119	Adds regex search functionality to the scrollback buffer, triggered
		120	by a hotkey (default: C<M-s>). While in search mode, normal terminal
		121	input/output is suspended and a regex is displayed at the bottom of the
		122	screen.
		123
		124	Inputting characters appends them to the regex and continues incremental
		125	search. C<BackSpace> removes a character from the regex, C<Up> and C<Down>
		126	search upwards/downwards in the scrollback buffer, C<End> jumps to the
		127	bottom. C<Escape> leaves search mode and returns to the point where search
		128	was started, while C<Enter> or C<Return> stay at the current position and
		129	additionally stores the first match in the current line into the primary
		130	selection.
		131
		132	=item readline (enabled by default)
		133
		134	A support package that tries to make editing with readline easier. At the
		135	moment, it reacts to clicking with the left mouse button by trying to
		136	move the text cursor to this position. It does so by generating as many
		137	cursor-left or cursor-right keypresses as required (the this only works
		138	for programs that correctly support wide characters).
		139
		140	To avoid too many false positives, this is only done when:
		141
		142	=over 4
		143
		144	=item - the tty is in ICANON state.
		145
		146	=item - the text cursor is visible.
		147
		148	=item - the primary screen is currently being displayed.
		149
		150	=item - the mouse is on the same (multi-row-) line as the text cursor.
		151
		152	=back
		153
		154	The normal selection mechanism isn't disabled, so quick successive clicks
		155	might interfere with selection creation in harmless ways.
		156
		157	=item selection-autotransform
		158
		159	This selection allows you to do automatic transforms on a selection
		160	whenever a selection is made.
		161
		162	It works by specifying perl snippets (most useful is a single C<s///>
		163	operator) that modify C<$_> as resources:
		164
		165	URxvt.selection-autotransform.0: transform
		166	URxvt.selection-autotransform.1: transform
		167	...
		168
		169	For example, the following will transform selections of the form
		170	C<filename:number>, often seen in compiler messages, into C<vi +$filename
		171	$word>:
		172
		173	URxvt.selection-autotransform.0: s/^([^:[:space:]]+):(\\d+):?$/vi +$2 \\Q$1\\E\\x0d/
		174
		175	And this example matches the same,but replaces it with vi-commands you can
		176	paste directly into your (vi :) editor:
		177
		178	URxvt.selection-autotransform.0: s/^([^:[:space:]]+(\\d+):?$/:e \\Q$1\\E\\x0d:$2\\x0d/
		179
		180	Of course, this can be modified to suit your needs and your editor :)
		181
		182	To expand the example above to typical perl error messages ("XXX at
		183	FILENAME line YYY."), you need a slightly more elaborate solution:
		184
		185	URxvt.selection.pattern-0: ( at .*? line \\d+[,.])
		186	URxvt.selection-autotransform.0: s/^ at (.*?) line (\\d+)[,.]$/:e \\Q$1\E\\x0d:$2\\x0d/
		187
		188	The first line tells the selection code to treat the unchanging part of
		189	every error message as a selection pattern, and the second line transforms
		190	the message into vi commands to load the file.
		191
		192	=item tabbed
		193
		194	This transforms the terminal into a tabbar with additional terminals, that
		195	is, it implements what is commonly refered to as "tabbed terminal". The topmost line
		196	displays a "[NEW]" button, which, when clicked, will add a new tab, followed by one
		197	button per tab.
		198
		199	Clicking a button will activate that tab. Pressing B<Shift-Left> and
		200	B<Shift-Right> will switch to the tab left or right of the current one,
		201	while B<Shift-Down> creates a new tab.
		202
		203	=item mark-urls
		204
		205	Uses per-line display filtering (C<on_line_update>) to underline urls and
		206	make them clickable. When middle-clicked, the program specified in the
		207	resource C<urlLauncher> (default C<x-www-browser>) will be started with
		208	the URL as first argument.
		209
		210	=item automove-background
		211
		212	This is basically a one-line extension that dynamically changes the background pixmap offset
		213	to the window position, in effect creating the same effect as pseudo transparency with
		214	a custom pixmap. No scaling is supported in this mode. Exmaple:
		215
		216	@@RXVT_NAME@@ -pixmap background.xpm -pe automove-background
		217
		218	=item block-graphics-to-ascii
		219
		220	A not very useful example of filtering all text output to the terminal,
		221	by replacing all line-drawing characters (U+2500 .. U+259F) by a
		222	similar-looking ascii character.
		223
		224	=item digital-clock
		225
		226	Displays a digital clock using the built-in overlay.
		227
		228	=item example-refresh-hooks
		229
		230	Displays a very simple digital clock in the upper right corner of the
		231	window. Illustrates overwriting the refresh callbacks to create your own
		232	overlays or changes.
		233
		234	=item selection-pastebin
		235
		236	This is a little rarely useful extension that Uploads the selection as
		237	textfile to a remote site (or does other things). (The implementation is
		238	not currently secure for use in a multiuser environment as it writes to
		239	F</tmp> directly.).
		240
		241	It listens to the C<selection-pastebin:remote-pastebin> keyboard command,
		242	i.e.
		243
		244	URxvt.keysym.C-M-e: perl:selection-pastebin:remote-pastebin
		245
		246	Pressing this combination runs a command with C<%> replaced by the name of
		247	the textfile. This command can be set via a resource:
		248
		249	URxvt.selection-pastebin.cmd: rsync -apP % ruth:/var/www/www.ta-sa.org/files/txt/.
		250
		251	And the default is likely not useful to anybody but the few people around
		252	here :)
		253
		254	The name of the textfile is the hex encoded md5 sum of the selection, so
		255	the same content should lead to the same filename.
		256
		257	After a successful upload the selection will be replaced by the text given
		258	in the C<selection-pastebin-url> resource (again, the % is the placeholder
		259	for the filename):
		260
		261	URxvt.selection-pastebin.url: http://www.ta-sa.org/files/txt/%
		262
		263	=back
		264
		265	=head1 API DOCUMENTATION
		266
		267	=head2 General API Considerations
		268
		269	All objects (such as terminals, time watchers etc.) are typical
		270	reference-to-hash objects. The hash can be used to store anything you
		271	like. All members starting with an underscore (such as C<_ptr> or
		272	C<_hook>) are reserved for internal uses and B<MUST NOT> be accessed or
		273	modified).
		274
		275	When objects are destroyed on the C++ side, the perl object hashes are
		276	emptied, so its best to store related objects such as time watchers and
		277	the like inside the terminal object so they get destroyed as soon as the
		278	terminal is destroyed.
		279
		280	Argument names also often indicate the type of a parameter. Here are some
		281	hints on what they mean:
		282
		283	=over 4
		284
		285	=item $text
		286
		287	Rxvt-unicodes special way of encoding text, where one "unicode" character
		288	always represents one screen cell. See L<ROW_t> for a discussion of this format.
		289
		290	=item $string
		291
		292	A perl text string, with an emphasis on I<text>. It can store all unicode
		293	characters and is to be distinguished with text encoded in a specific
		294	encoding (often locale-specific) and binary data.
		295
		296	=item $octets
		297
		298	Either binary data or - more common - a text string encoded in a
		299	locale-specific way.
		300
		301	=back
		302
		303	=head2 Extension Objects
		304
		305	Very perl extension is a perl class. A separate perl object is created
		306	for each terminal and each extension and passed as the first parameter to
		307	hooks. So extensions can use their C<$self> object without having to think
		308	about other extensions, with the exception of methods and members that
		309	begin with an underscore character C<_>: these are reserved for internal
		310	use.
		311
		312	Although it isn't a C<urxvt::term> object, you can call all methods of the
		313	C<urxvt::term> class on this object.
		314
		315	It has the following methods and data members:
		316
		317	=over 4
		318
		319	=item $urxvt_term = $self->{term}
		320
		321	Returns the C<urxvt::term> object associated with this instance of the
		322	extension. This member I<must not> be changed in any way.
		323
		324	=item $self->enable ($hook_name => $cb, [$hook_name => $cb..])
		325
		326	Dynamically enable the given hooks (named without the C<on_> prefix) for
		327	this extension, replacing any previous hook. This is useful when you want
		328	to overwrite time-critical hooks only temporarily.
		329
		330	=item $self->disable ($hook_name[, $hook_name..])
		331
		332	Dynamically disable the given hooks.
		333
		334	=back
		335
23	=head2 Hooks	336	=head2 Hooks
24		337
25	The following subroutines can be declared in loaded scripts, and will be called	338	The following subroutines can be declared in extension files, and will be
26	whenever the relevant event happens.	339	called whenever the relevant event happens.
27		340
28	All of them must return a boolean value. If it is true, then the event	341	The first argument passed to them is an extension oject as described in
29	counts as being I<consumed>, and the invocation of other hooks is skipped,	342	the in the C<Extension Objects> section.
		343
		344	B<All> of these hooks must return a boolean value. If any of the called
		345	hooks returns true, then the event counts as being I<consumed>, and the
30	and the relevant action might not be carried out by the C++ code.	346	relevant action might not be carried out by the C++ code.
31		347
32	When in doubt, return a false value (preferably C<()>).	348	I<< When in doubt, return a false value (preferably C<()>). >>
33		349
34	=over 4	350	=over 4
35		351
36	=item on_init $term	352	=item on_init $term
37		353
38	Called after a new terminal object has been initialized, but before	354	Called after a new terminal object has been initialized, but before
39	windows are created or the command gets run.	355	windows are created or the command gets run. Most methods are unsafe to
		356	call or deliver senseless data, as terminal size and other characteristics
		357	have not yet been determined. You can safely query and change resources
		358	and options, though. For many purposes the C<on_start> hook is a better
		359	place.
		360
		361	=item on_start $term
		362
		363	Called at the very end of initialisation of a new terminal, just before
		364	trying to map (display) the toplevel and returning to the mainloop.
		365
		366	=item on_destroy $term
		367
		368	Called whenever something tries to destroy terminal, before doing anything
		369	yet. If this hook returns true, then destruction is skipped, but this is
		370	rarely a good idea.
40		371
41	=item on_reset $term	372	=item on_reset $term
42		373
43	Called after the screen is "reset" for any reason, such as resizing or	374	Called after the screen is "reset" for any reason, such as resizing or
44	control sequences. Here is where you can react on changes to size-related	375	control sequences. Here is where you can react on changes to size-related
45	variables.	376	variables.
46		377
47	=item on_start $term	378	=item on_child_start $term, $pid
48		379
49	Called at the very end of initialisation of a new terminal, just before	380	Called just after the child process has been C<fork>ed.
50	returning to the mainloop.	381
		382	=item on_child_exit $term, $status
		383
		384	Called just after the child process has exited. C<$status> is the status
		385	from C<waitpid>.
51		386
52	=item on_sel_make $term, $eventtime	387	=item on_sel_make $term, $eventtime
53		388
54	Called whenever a selection has been made by the user, but before the	389	Called whenever a selection has been made by the user, but before the
55	selection text is copied, so changes to the beginning, end or type of the	390	selection text is copied, so changes to the beginning, end or type of the
…		…
64	requested from the server. The selection text can be queried and changed	399	requested from the server. The selection text can be queried and changed
65	by calling C<< $term->selection >>.	400	by calling C<< $term->selection >>.
66		401
67	Returning a true value aborts selection grabbing. It will still be hilighted.	402	Returning a true value aborts selection grabbing. It will still be hilighted.
68		403
69	=item on_focus_in $term	404	=item on_sel_extend $term
70		405
71	Called whenever the window gets the keyboard focus, before urxvt does	406	Called whenever the user tries to extend the selection (e.g. with a double
72	focus in processing.	407	click) and is either supposed to return false (normal operation), or
		408	should extend the selection itelf and return true to suppress the built-in
		409	processing. This can happen multiple times, as long as the callback
		410	returns true, it will be called on every further click by the user and is
		411	supposed to enlarge the selection more and more, if possible.
73		412
74	=item on_focus_out $term	413	See the F<selection> example extension.
75
76	Called wheneever the window loses keyboard focus, before urxvt does focus
77	out processing.
78		414
79	=item on_view_change $term, $offset	415	=item on_view_change $term, $offset
80		416
81	Called whenever the view offset changes, i..e the user or program	417	Called whenever the view offset changes, i..e the user or program
82	scrolls. Offset C<0> means display the normal terminal, positive values	418	scrolls. Offset C<0> means display the normal terminal, positive values
…		…
90		426
91	It is called before lines are scrolled out (so rows 0 .. min ($lines - 1,	427	It is called before lines are scrolled out (so rows 0 .. min ($lines - 1,
92	$nrow - 1) represent the lines to be scrolled out). C<$saved> is the total	428	$nrow - 1) represent the lines to be scrolled out). C<$saved> is the total
93	number of lines that will be in the scrollback buffer.	429	number of lines that will be in the scrollback buffer.
94		430
95	=item on_tty_activity $term *NYI*	431	=item on_osc_seq $term, $string
96		432
97	Called whenever the program(s) running in the urxvt window send output.	433	Called whenever the B<ESC ] 777 ; string ST> command sequence (OSC =
		434	operating system command) is processed. Cursor position and other state
		435	information is up-to-date when this happens. For interoperability, the
		436	string should start with the extension name and a colon, to distinguish
		437	it from commands for other extensions, and this might be enforced in the
		438	future.
		439
		440	Be careful not ever to trust (in a security sense) the data you receive,
		441	as its source can not easily be controleld (e-mail content, messages from
		442	other users on the same system etc.).
		443
		444	=item on_add_lines $term, $string
		445
		446	Called whenever text is about to be output, with the text as argument. You
		447	can filter/change and output the text yourself by returning a true value
		448	and calling C<< $term->scr_add_lines >> yourself. Please note that this
		449	might be very slow, however, as your hook is called for B<all> text being
		450	output.
		451
		452	=item on_tt_write $term, $octets
		453
		454	Called whenever some data is written to the tty/pty and can be used to
		455	suppress or filter tty input.
		456
		457	=item on_line_update $term, $row
		458
		459	Called whenever a line was updated or changed. Can be used to filter
		460	screen output (e.g. underline urls or other useless stuff). Only lines
		461	that are being shown will be filtered, and, due to performance reasons,
		462	not always immediately.
		463
		464	The row number is always the topmost row of the line if the line spans
		465	multiple rows.
		466
		467	Please note that, if you change the line, then the hook might get called
		468	later with the already-modified line (e.g. if unrelated parts change), so
		469	you cannot just toggle rendition bits, but only set them.
98		470
99	=item on_refresh_begin $term	471	=item on_refresh_begin $term
100		472
101	Called just before the screen gets redrawn. Can be used for overlay	473	Called just before the screen gets redrawn. Can be used for overlay
102	or similar effects by modify terminal contents in refresh_begin, and	474	or similar effects by modify terminal contents in refresh_begin, and
…		…
105		477
106	=item on_refresh_end $term	478	=item on_refresh_end $term
107		479
108	Called just after the screen gets redrawn. See C<on_refresh_begin>.	480	Called just after the screen gets redrawn. See C<on_refresh_begin>.
109		481
		482	=item on_keyboard_command $term, $string
		483
		484	Called whenever the user presses a key combination that has a
		485	C<perl:string> action bound to it (see description of the B<keysym>
		486	resource in the @@RXVT_NAME@@(1) manpage).
		487
		488	=item on_x_event $term, $event
		489
		490	Called on every X event received on the vt window (and possibly other
		491	windows). Should only be used as a last resort. Most event structure
		492	members are not passed.
		493
		494	=item on_focus_in $term
		495
		496	Called whenever the window gets the keyboard focus, before rxvt-unicode
		497	does focus in processing.
		498
		499	=item on_focus_out $term
		500
		501	Called wheneever the window loses keyboard focus, before rxvt-unicode does
		502	focus out processing.
		503
		504	=item on_configure_notify $term, $event
		505
		506	=item on_property_notify $term, $event
		507
		508	=item on_key_press $term, $event, $keysym, $octets
		509
		510	=item on_key_release $term, $event, $keysym
		511
		512	=item on_button_press $term, $event
		513
		514	=item on_button_release $term, $event
		515
		516	=item on_motion_notify $term, $event
		517
		518	=item on_map_notify $term, $event
		519
		520	=item on_unmap_notify $term, $event
		521
		522	Called whenever the corresponding X event is received for the terminal If
		523	the hook returns true, then the even will be ignored by rxvt-unicode.
		524
		525	The event is a hash with most values as named by Xlib (see the XEvent
		526	manpage), with the additional members C<row> and C<col>, which are the
		527	(real, not screen-based) row and column under the mouse cursor.
		528
		529	C<on_key_press> additionally receives the string rxvt-unicode would
		530	output, if any, in locale-specific encoding.
		531
		532	subwindow.
		533
		534	=item on_client_message $term, $event
		535
		536	=item on_wm_protocols $term, $event
		537
		538	=item on_wm_delete_window $term, $event
		539
		540	Called when various types of ClientMessage events are received (all with
		541	format=32, WM_PROTOCOLS or WM_PROTOCOLS:WM_DELETE_WINDOW).
		542
		543	=back
		544
		545	=cut
		546
		547	package urxvt;
		548
		549	use utf8;
		550	use strict;
		551	use Carp ();
		552	use Scalar::Util ();
		553	use List::Util ();
		554
		555	our $VERSION = 1;
		556	our $TERM;
		557	our @TERM_INIT;
		558	our @TERM_EXT;
		559	our @HOOKNAME;
		560	our %HOOKTYPE = map +($HOOKNAME[$_] => $_), 0..$#HOOKNAME;
		561	our %OPTION;
		562
		563	our $LIBDIR;
		564	our $RESNAME;
		565	our $RESCLASS;
		566	our $RXVTNAME;
		567
		568	our $NOCHAR = chr 0xffff;
		569
		570	=head2 Variables in the C<urxvt> Package
		571
		572	=over 4
		573
		574	=item $urxvt::LIBDIR
		575
		576	The rxvt-unicode library directory, where, among other things, the perl
		577	modules and scripts are stored.
		578
		579	=item $urxvt::RESCLASS, $urxvt::RESCLASS
		580
		581	The resource class and name rxvt-unicode uses to look up X resources.
		582
		583	=item $urxvt::RXVTNAME
		584
		585	The basename of the installed binaries, usually C<urxvt>.
		586
		587	=item $urxvt::TERM
		588
		589	The current terminal. This variable stores the current C<urxvt::term>
		590	object, whenever a callback/hook is executing.
		591
		592	=item @urxvt::TERM_INIT
		593
		594	All coderefs in this array will be called as methods of the next newly
		595	created C<urxvt::term> object (during the C<on_init> phase). The array
		596	gets cleared before the codereferences that were in it are being executed,
		597	so coderefs can push themselves onto it again if they so desire.
		598
		599	This complements to the perl-eval commandline option, but gets executed
		600	first.
		601
		602	=item @urxvt::TERM_EXT
		603
		604	Works similar to C<@TERM_INIT>, but contains perl package/class names, which
		605	get registered as normal extensions after calling the hooks in C<@TERM_INIT>
		606	but before other extensions. Gets cleared just like C<@TERM_INIT>.
		607
110	=back	608	=back
111		609
112	=head2 Functions in the C<urxvt> Package	610	=head2 Functions in the C<urxvt> Package
113		611
114	=over 4	612	=over 4
…		…
119	costs! The only time this is acceptable is when the terminal process	617	costs! The only time this is acceptable is when the terminal process
120	starts up.	618	starts up.
121		619
122	=item urxvt::warn $string	620	=item urxvt::warn $string
123		621
124	Calls C<rxvt_warn> witht eh given string which should not include a	622	Calls C<rxvt_warn> with the given string which should not include a
125	newline. The module also overwrites the C<warn> builtin with a function	623	newline. The module also overwrites the C<warn> builtin with a function
126	that calls this function.	624	that calls this function.
127		625
128	Using this function has the advantage that its output ends up in the	626	Using this function has the advantage that its output ends up in the
129	correct place, e.g. on stderr of the connecting urxvtc client.	627	correct place, e.g. on stderr of the connecting urxvtc client.
130		628
131	=item $cellwidth = urxvt::wcswidth $string	629	Messages have a size limit of 1023 bytes currently.
132
133	Returns the number of screen-cells this string would need. Correctly
134	accounts for wide and combining characters.
135		630
136	=item $time = urxvt::NOW	631	=item $time = urxvt::NOW
137		632
138	Returns the "current time" (as per the event loop).	633	Returns the "current time" (as per the event loop).
139		634
		635	=item urxvt::CurrentTime
		636
		637	=item urxvt::ShiftMask, LockMask, ControlMask, Mod1Mask, Mod2Mask,
		638	Mod3Mask, Mod4Mask, Mod5Mask, Button1Mask, Button2Mask, Button3Mask,
		639	Button4Mask, Button5Mask, AnyModifier
		640
		641	=item urxvt::NoEventMask, KeyPressMask, KeyReleaseMask,
		642	ButtonPressMask, ButtonReleaseMask, EnterWindowMask, LeaveWindowMask,
		643	PointerMotionMask, PointerMotionHintMask, Button1MotionMask, Button2MotionMask,
		644	Button3MotionMask, Button4MotionMask, Button5MotionMask, ButtonMotionMask,
		645	KeymapStateMask, ExposureMask, VisibilityChangeMask, StructureNotifyMask,
		646	ResizeRedirectMask, SubstructureNotifyMask, SubstructureRedirectMask,
		647	FocusChangeMask, PropertyChangeMask, ColormapChangeMask, OwnerGrabButtonMask
		648
		649	=item urxvt::KeyPress, KeyRelease, ButtonPress, ButtonRelease, MotionNotify,
		650	EnterNotify, LeaveNotify, FocusIn, FocusOut, KeymapNotify, Expose,
		651	GraphicsExpose, NoExpose, VisibilityNotify, CreateNotify, DestroyNotify,
		652	UnmapNotify, MapNotify, MapRequest, ReparentNotify, ConfigureNotify,
		653	ConfigureRequest, GravityNotify, ResizeRequest, CirculateNotify,
		654	CirculateRequest, PropertyNotify, SelectionClear, SelectionRequest,
		655	SelectionNotify, ColormapNotify, ClientMessage, MappingNotify
		656
		657	Various constants for use in X calls and event processing.
		658
		659	=back
		660
		661	=head2 RENDITION
		662
		663	Rendition bitsets contain information about colour, font, font styles and
		664	similar information for each screen cell.
		665
		666	The following "macros" deal with changes in rendition sets. You should
		667	never just create a bitset, you should always modify an existing one,
		668	as they contain important information required for correct operation of
		669	rxvt-unicode.
		670
		671	=over 4
		672
		673	=item $rend = urxvt::DEFAULT_RSTYLE
		674
		675	Returns the default rendition, as used when the terminal is starting up or
		676	being reset. Useful as a base to start when creating renditions.
		677
		678	=item $rend = urxvt::OVERLAY_RSTYLE
		679
		680	Return the rendition mask used for overlays by default.
		681
		682	=item $rendbit = urxvt::RS_Bold, RS_Italic, RS_Blink, RS_RVid, RS_Uline
		683
		684	Return the bit that enabled bold, italic, blink, reverse-video and
		685	underline, respectively. To enable such a style, just logically OR it into
		686	the bitset.
		687
		688	=item $foreground = urxvt::GET_BASEFG $rend
		689
		690	=item $background = urxvt::GET_BASEBG $rend
		691
		692	Return the foreground/background colour index, respectively.
		693
		694	=item $rend = urxvt::SET_FGCOLOR $rend, $new_colour
		695
		696	=item $rend = urxvt::SET_BGCOLOR $rend, $new_colour
		697
		698	Replace the foreground/background colour in the rendition mask with the
		699	specified one.
		700
		701	=item $value = urxvt::GET_CUSTOM $rend
		702
		703	Return the "custom" value: Every rendition has 5 bits for use by
		704	extensions. They can be set and changed as you like and are initially
		705	zero.
		706
		707	=item $rend = urxvt::SET_CUSTOM $rend, $new_value
		708
		709	Change the custom value.
		710
		711	=back
		712
140	=cut	713	=cut
141		714
142	package urxvt;
143
144	use strict;
145
146	our $term;
147	our @HOOKNAME;
148	our $LIBDIR;
149
150	BEGIN {	715	BEGIN {
151	urxvt->bootstrap;
152
153	# overwrite perl's warn	716	# overwrite perl's warn
154	*CORE::GLOBAL::warn = sub {	717	*CORE::GLOBAL::warn = sub {
155	my $msg = join "", @_;	718	my $msg = join "", @_;
156	$msg .= "\n"	719	$msg .= "\n"
157	unless $msg =~ /\n$/;	720	unless $msg =~ /\n$/;
158	urxvt::warn ($msg);	721	urxvt::warn ($msg);
159	};	722	};
160	}	723	}
161		724
		725	no warnings 'utf8';
		726
162	my $verbosity = $ENV{URXVT_PERL_VERBOSITY} || 10;	727	my $verbosity = $ENV{URXVT_PERL_VERBOSITY};
163		728
164	sub verbose {	729	sub verbose {
165	my ($level, $msg) = @_;	730	my ($level, $msg) = @_;
166	warn "$msg\n"; #d#	731	warn "$msg\n" if $level <= $verbosity;
167	}	732	}
168		733
169	my @invoke_cb;	734	my %extension_pkg;
		735
		736	# load a single script into its own package, once only
		737	sub extension_package($) {
		738	my ($path) = @_;
		739
		740	$extension_pkg{$path} ||= do {
		741	$path =~ /([^\/\\]+)$/;
		742	my $pkg = $1;
		743	$pkg =~ s/[^[:word:]]/_/g;
		744	$pkg = "urxvt::ext::$pkg";
		745
		746	verbose 3, "loading extension '$path' into package '$pkg'";
		747
		748	open my $fh, "<:raw", $path
		749	or die "$path: $!";
		750
		751	my $source =
		752	"package $pkg; use strict; use utf8; no warnings 'utf8';\n"
		753	. "#line 1 \"$path\"\n{\n"
		754	. (do { local $/; <$fh> })
		755	. "\n};\n1";
		756
		757	eval $source
		758	or die "$path: $@";
		759
		760	$pkg
		761	}
		762	}
		763
		764	our $retval; # return value for urxvt
170		765
171	# called by the rxvt core	766	# called by the rxvt core
172	sub invoke {	767	sub invoke {
173	local $term = shift;	768	local $TERM = shift;
174	my $htype = shift;	769	my $htype = shift;
175		770
176	my $cb = $invoke_cb[$htype];	771	if ($htype == 0) { # INIT
		772	my @dirs = ((split /:/, $TERM->resource ("perl_lib")), "$LIBDIR/perl");
		773
		774	my %ext_arg;
177		775
178	verbose 10, "$HOOKNAME[$htype] (" . (join ", ", $term, @_) . ")"	776	{
179	if $verbosity >= 10;	777	my @init = @TERM_INIT;
		778	@TERM_INIT = ();
		779	$_->($TERM) for @init;
		780	my @pkg = @TERM_EXT;
		781	@TERM_EXT = ();
		782	$TERM->register_package ($_) for @pkg;
		783	}
180		784
		785	for (grep $_, map { split /,/, $TERM->resource ("perl_ext_$_") } 1, 2) {
		786	if ($_ eq "default") {
		787	$ext_arg{$_} ||= [] for qw(selection option-popup selection-popup searchable-scrollback readline);
		788	} elsif (/^-(.*)$/) {
		789	delete $ext_arg{$1};
		790	} elsif (/^([^<]+)<(.*)>$/) {
		791	push @{ $ext_arg{$1} }, $2;
		792	} else {
		793	$ext_arg{$_} ||= [];
		794	}
		795	}
		796
181	while (my ($k, $v) = each %$cb) {	797	while (my ($ext, $argv) = each %ext_arg) {
182	return 1 if $v->($term, @_);	798	my @files = grep -f $_, map "$_/$ext", @dirs;
		799
		800	if (@files) {
		801	$TERM->register_package (extension_package $files[0], $argv);
		802	} else {
		803	warn "perl extension '$ext' not found in perl library search path\n";
		804	}
		805	}
		806
		807	eval "#line 1 \"--perl-eval resource/argument\"\n" . $TERM->resource ("perl_eval");
		808	warn $@ if $@;
183	}	809	}
184		810
		811	$retval = undef;
		812
		813	if (my $cb = $TERM->{_hook}[$htype]) {
		814	verbose 10, "$HOOKNAME[$htype] (" . (join ", ", $TERM, @_) . ")"
		815	if $verbosity >= 10;
		816
		817	keys %$cb;
		818
		819	while (my ($pkg, $cb) = each %$cb) {
		820	my $retval_ = eval { $cb->($TERM->{_pkg}{$pkg}, @_) };
		821	$retval ||= $retval_;
		822
		823	if ($@) {
		824	$TERM->ungrab; # better to lose the grab than the session
		825	warn $@;
		826	}
		827	}
		828
		829	verbose 11, "$HOOKNAME[$htype] returning <$retval>"
		830	if $verbosity >= 11;
185	0	831	}
		832
		833	if ($htype == 1) { # DESTROY
		834	# clear package objects
		835	%$_ = () for values %{ $TERM->{_pkg} };
		836
		837	# clear package
		838	%$TERM = ();
		839	}
		840
		841	$retval
186	}	842	}
		843
		844	# urxvt::term::extension
		845
		846	package urxvt::term::extension;
		847
		848	sub enable {
		849	my ($self, %hook) = @_;
		850	my $pkg = $self->{_pkg};
		851
		852	while (my ($name, $cb) = each %hook) {
		853	my $htype = $HOOKTYPE{uc $name};
		854	defined $htype
		855	or Carp::croak "unsupported hook type '$name'";
		856
		857	$self->set_should_invoke ($htype, +1)
		858	unless exists $self->{term}{_hook}[$htype]{$pkg};
		859
		860	$self->{term}{_hook}[$htype]{$pkg} = $cb;
		861	}
		862	}
		863
		864	sub disable {
		865	my ($self, @hook) = @_;
		866	my $pkg = $self->{_pkg};
		867
		868	for my $name (@hook) {
		869	my $htype = $HOOKTYPE{uc $name};
		870	defined $htype
		871	or Carp::croak "unsupported hook type '$name'";
		872
		873	$self->set_should_invoke ($htype, -1)
		874	if delete $self->{term}{_hook}[$htype]{$pkg};
		875	}
		876	}
		877
		878	our $AUTOLOAD;
		879
		880	sub AUTOLOAD {
		881	$AUTOLOAD =~ /:([^:]+)$/
		882	or die "FATAL: \$AUTOLOAD '$AUTOLOAD' unparsable";
		883
		884	eval qq{
		885	sub $AUTOLOAD {
		886	my \$proxy = shift;
		887	\$proxy->{term}->$1 (\@_)
		888	}
		889	1
		890	} or die "FATAL: unable to compile method forwarder: $@";
		891
		892	goto &$AUTOLOAD;
		893	}
		894
		895	sub DESTROY {
		896	# nop
		897	}
		898
		899	# urxvt::destroy_hook
		900
		901	sub urxvt::destroy_hook::DESTROY {
		902	${$_[0]}->();
		903	}
		904
		905	sub urxvt::destroy_hook(&) {
		906	bless \shift, urxvt::destroy_hook::
		907	}
		908
		909	package urxvt::anyevent;
		910
		911	=head2 The C<urxvt::anyevent> Class
		912
		913	The sole purpose of this class is to deliver an interface to the
		914	C<AnyEvent> module - any module using it will work inside urxvt without
		915	further programming. The only exception is that you cannot wait on
		916	condition variables, but non-blocking condvar use is ok. What this means
		917	is that you cannot use blocking APIs, but the non-blocking variant should
		918	work.
		919
		920	=cut
		921
		922	our $VERSION = 1;
		923
		924	$INC{"urxvt/anyevent.pm"} = 1; # mark us as there
		925	push @AnyEvent::REGISTRY, [urxvt => urxvt::anyevent::];
		926
		927	sub timer {
		928	my ($class, %arg) = @_;
		929
		930	my $cb = $arg{cb};
		931
		932	urxvt::timer
		933	->new
		934	->start (urxvt::NOW + $arg{after})
		935	->cb (sub {
		936	$_[0]->stop; # need to cancel manually
		937	$cb->();
		938	})
		939	}
		940
		941	sub io {
		942	my ($class, %arg) = @_;
		943
		944	my $cb = $arg{cb};
		945
		946	bless [$arg{fh}, urxvt::iow
		947	->new
		948	->fd (fileno $arg{fh})
		949	->events (($arg{poll} =~ /r/ ? 1 : 0)
		950	| ($arg{poll} =~ /w/ ? 2 : 0))
		951	->start
		952	->cb (sub {
		953	$cb->(($_[1] & 1 ? 'r' : '')
		954	. ($_[1] & 2 ? 'w' : ''));
		955	})],
		956	urxvt::anyevent::
		957	}
		958
		959	sub DESTROY {
		960	$_[0][1]->stop;
		961	}
		962
		963	sub condvar {
		964	bless \my $flag, urxvt::anyevent::condvar::
		965	}
		966
		967	sub urxvt::anyevent::condvar::broadcast {
		968	${$_[0]}++;
		969	}
		970
		971	sub urxvt::anyevent::condvar::wait {
		972	unless (${$_[0]}) {
		973	Carp::croak "AnyEvent->condvar blocking wait unsupported in urxvt, use a non-blocking API";
		974	}
		975	}
		976
		977	package urxvt::term;
		978
		979	=head2 The C<urxvt::term> Class
		980
		981	=over 4
		982
		983	=cut
187		984
188	# find on_xxx subs in the package and register them	985	# find on_xxx subs in the package and register them
189	# as hooks	986	# as hooks
190	sub register_package($) {	987	sub register_package {
191	my ($pkg) = @_;	988	my ($self, $pkg, $argv) = @_;
192		989
		990	no strict 'refs';
		991
		992	urxvt::verbose 6, "register package $pkg to $self";
		993
		994	@{"$pkg\::ISA"} = urxvt::term::extension::;
		995
		996	my $proxy = bless {
		997	_pkg => $pkg,
		998	argv => $argv,
		999	}, $pkg;
		1000	Scalar::Util::weaken ($proxy->{term} = $self);
		1001
		1002	$self->{_pkg}{$pkg} = $proxy;
		1003
193	for my $hook (0.. $#HOOKNAME) {	1004	for my $name (@HOOKNAME) {
194	my $name = $HOOKNAME[$hook];
195
196	my $ref = $pkg->can ("on_" . lc $name)	1005	if (my $ref = $pkg->can ("on_" . lc $name)) {
197	or next;	1006	$proxy->enable ($name => $ref);
198		1007	}
199	$invoke_cb[$hook]{$ref*1} = $ref;
200	set_should_invoke $hook, 1;
201	}	1008	}
202	}	1009	}
203		1010
204	my $script_pkg = "script0000";	1011	=item $term = new urxvt::term $envhashref, $rxvtname, [arg...]
205	my %script_pkg;
206		1012
207	# load a single script into its own package, once only	1013	Creates a new terminal, very similar as if you had started it with system
208	sub load_script($) {	1014	C<$rxvtname, arg...>. C<$envhashref> must be a reference to a C<%ENV>-like
209	my ($path) = @_;	1015	hash which defines the environment of the new terminal.
210		1016
211	$script_pkg{$path} ||= do {	1017	Croaks (and probably outputs an error message) if the new instance
212	my $pkg = $script_pkg++;	1018	couldn't be created. Returns C<undef> if the new instance didn't
213	verbose 3, "loading script '$path' into package '$pkg'";	1019	initialise perl, and the terminal object otherwise. The C<init> and
		1020	C<start> hooks will be called during this call.
214		1021
215	open my $fh, "<:raw", $path	1022	=cut
216	or die "$path: $!";
217		1023
218	eval "package $pkg; use strict; use utf8;\n"	1024	sub new {
219	. "#line 1 \"$path\"\n"	1025	my ($class, $env, @args) = @_;
220	. do { local $/; <$fh> }
221	or die "$path: $@";
222		1026
223	register_package $pkg;	1027	_new ([ map "$_=$env->{$_}", keys %$env ], @args);
224
225	$pkg
226	};
227	}	1028	}
228		1029
229	load_script $_ for grep -f $_, <$LIBDIR/perl-ext/*>;	1030	=item $term->destroy
230		1031
		1032	Destroy the terminal object (close the window, free resources
		1033	etc.). Please note that @@RXVT_NAME@@ will not exit as long as any event
		1034	watchers (timers, io watchers) are still active.
231		1035
232	=back	1036	=item $term->exec_async ($cmd[, @args])
233		1037
234	=head2 The C<urxvt::term> Class	1038	Works like the combination of the C<fork>/C<exec> builtins, which executes
		1039	("starts") programs in the background. This function takes care of setting
		1040	the user environment before exec'ing the command (e.g. C<PATH>) and should
		1041	be preferred over explicit calls to C<exec> or C<system>.
235		1042
236	=over 4	1043	Returns the pid of the subprocess or C<undef> on error.
		1044
		1045	=cut
		1046
		1047	sub exec_async {
		1048	my $self = shift;
		1049
		1050	my $pid = fork;
		1051
		1052	return $pid
		1053	if !defined $pid or $pid;
		1054
		1055	%ENV = %{ $self->env };
		1056
		1057	exec @_;
		1058	urxvt::_exit 255;
		1059	}
		1060
		1061	=item $isset = $term->option ($optval[, $set])
		1062
		1063	Returns true if the option specified by C<$optval> is enabled, and
		1064	optionally change it. All option values are stored by name in the hash
		1065	C<%urxvt::OPTION>. Options not enabled in this binary are not in the hash.
		1066
		1067	Here is a a likely non-exhaustive list of option names, please see the
		1068	source file F</src/optinc.h> to see the actual list:
		1069
		1070	borderLess console cursorBlink cursorUnderline hold iconic insecure
		1071	intensityStyles jumpScroll loginShell mapAlert meta8 mouseWheelScrollPage
		1072	override-redirect pastableTabs pointerBlank reverseVideo scrollBar
		1073	scrollBar_floating scrollBar_right scrollTtyKeypress scrollTtyOutput
		1074	scrollWithBuffer secondaryScreen secondaryScroll skipBuiltinGlyphs
		1075	transparent tripleclickwords utmpInhibit visualBell
		1076
		1077	=item $value = $term->resource ($name[, $newval])
		1078
		1079	Returns the current resource value associated with a given name and
		1080	optionally sets a new value. Setting values is most useful in the C<init>
		1081	hook. Unset resources are returned and accepted as C<undef>.
		1082
		1083	The new value must be properly encoded to a suitable character encoding
		1084	before passing it to this method. Similarly, the returned value may need
		1085	to be converted from the used encoding to text.
		1086
		1087	Resource names are as defined in F<src/rsinc.h>. Colours can be specified
		1088	as resource names of the form C<< color+<index> >>, e.g. C<color+5>. (will
		1089	likely change).
		1090
		1091	Please note that resource strings will currently only be freed when the
		1092	terminal is destroyed, so changing options frequently will eat memory.
		1093
		1094	Here is a a likely non-exhaustive list of resource names, not all of which
		1095	are supported in every build, please see the source file F</src/rsinc.h>
		1096	to see the actual list:
		1097
		1098	answerbackstring backgroundPixmap backspace_key boldFont boldItalicFont
		1099	borderLess color cursorBlink cursorUnderline cutchars delete_key
		1100	display_name embed ext_bwidth fade font geometry hold iconName
		1101	imFont imLocale inputMethod insecure int_bwidth intensityStyles
		1102	italicFont jumpScroll lineSpace loginShell mapAlert meta8 modifier
		1103	mouseWheelScrollPage name override_redirect pastableTabs path perl_eval
		1104	perl_ext_1 perl_ext_2 perl_lib pointerBlank pointerBlankDelay
		1105	preeditType print_pipe pty_fd reverseVideo saveLines scrollBar
		1106	scrollBar_align scrollBar_floating scrollBar_right scrollBar_thickness
		1107	scrollTtyKeypress scrollTtyOutput scrollWithBuffer scrollstyle
		1108	secondaryScreen secondaryScroll selectstyle shade term_name title
		1109	transient_for transparent transparent_all tripleclickwords utmpInhibit
		1110	visualBell
		1111
		1112	=cut
		1113
		1114	sub resource($$;$) {
		1115	my ($self, $name) = (shift, shift);
		1116	unshift @_, $self, $name, ($name =~ s/\s*\+\s*(\d+)$// ? $1 : 0);
		1117	&urxvt::term::_resource
		1118	}
		1119
		1120	=item $value = $term->x_resource ($pattern)
		1121
		1122	Returns the X-Resource for the given pattern, excluding the program or
		1123	class name, i.e. C<< $term->x_resource ("boldFont") >> should return the
		1124	same value as used by this instance of rxvt-unicode. Returns C<undef> if no
		1125	resource with that pattern exists.
		1126
		1127	This method should only be called during the C<on_start> hook, as there is
		1128	only one resource database per display, and later invocations might return
		1129	the wrong resources.
		1130
		1131	=item $success = $term->parse_keysym ($keysym_spec, $command_string)
		1132
		1133	Adds a keymap translation exactly as specified via a resource. See the
		1134	C<keysym> resource in the @@RXVT_NAME@@(1) manpage.
		1135
		1136	=item $rend = $term->rstyle ([$new_rstyle])
		1137
		1138	Return and optionally change the current rendition. Text that is output by
		1139	the terminal application will use this style.
		1140
		1141	=item ($row, $col) = $term->screen_cur ([$row, $col])
		1142
		1143	Return the current coordinates of the text cursor position and optionally
		1144	set it (which is usually bad as applications don't expect that).
237		1145
238	=item ($row, $col) = $term->selection_mark ([$row, $col])	1146	=item ($row, $col) = $term->selection_mark ([$row, $col])
239		1147
240	=item ($row, $col) = $term->selection_beg ([$row, $col])	1148	=item ($row, $col) = $term->selection_beg ([$row, $col])
241		1149
242	=item ($row, $col) = $term->selection_end ([$row, $col])	1150	=item ($row, $col) = $term->selection_end ([$row, $col])
243		1151
244	Return the current values of the selection mark, begin or end positions,	1152	Return the current values of the selection mark, begin or end positions,
245	and optionally set them to new values.	1153	and optionally set them to new values.
246		1154
		1155	=item $term->selection_make ($eventtime[, $rectangular])
		1156
		1157	Tries to make a selection as set by C<selection_beg> and
		1158	C<selection_end>. If C<$rectangular> is true (default: false), a
		1159	rectangular selection will be made. This is the prefered function to make
		1160	a selection.
		1161
247	=item $success = $term->selection_grab ($eventtime)	1162	=item $success = $term->selection_grab ($eventtime)
248		1163
249	Try to request the primary selection from the server (for example, as set	1164	Try to request the primary selection text from the server (for example, as
250	by the next method).	1165	set by the next method). No visual feedback will be given. This function
		1166	is mostly useful from within C<on_sel_grab> hooks.
251		1167
252	=item $oldtext = $term->selection ([$newtext])	1168	=item $oldtext = $term->selection ([$newtext])
253		1169
254	Return the current selection text and optionally replace it by C<$newtext>.	1170	Return the current selection text and optionally replace it by C<$newtext>.
255		1171
256	=item $term->scr_overlay ($x, $y, $text)	1172	=item $term->overlay_simple ($x, $y, $text)
257		1173
258	Create a simple multi-line overlay box. See the next method for details.	1174	Create a simple multi-line overlay box. See the next method for details.
259		1175
260	=cut	1176	=cut
261		1177
262	sub urxvt::term::scr_overlay {	1178	sub overlay_simple {
263	my ($self, $x, $y, $text) = @_;	1179	my ($self, $x, $y, $text) = @_;
264		1180
265	my @lines = split /\n/, $text;	1181	my @lines = split /\n/, $text;
266		1182
267	my $w = 0;	1183	my $w = List::Util::max map $self->strwidth ($_), @lines;
268	for (map urxvt::wcswidth $_, @lines) {	1184
269	$w = $_ if $w < $_;	1185	my $overlay = $self->overlay ($x, $y, $w, scalar @lines);
		1186	$overlay->set (0, $_, $lines[$_]) for 0.. $#lines;
		1187
		1188	$overlay
		1189	}
		1190
		1191	=item $term->overlay ($x, $y, $width, $height[, $rstyle[, $border]])
		1192
		1193	Create a new (empty) overlay at the given position with the given
		1194	width/height. C<$rstyle> defines the initial rendition style
		1195	(default: C<OVERLAY_RSTYLE>).
		1196
		1197	If C<$border> is C<2> (default), then a decorative border will be put
		1198	around the box.
		1199
		1200	If either C<$x> or C<$y> is negative, then this is counted from the
		1201	right/bottom side, respectively.
		1202
		1203	This method returns an urxvt::overlay object. The overlay will be visible
		1204	as long as the perl object is referenced.
		1205
		1206	The methods currently supported on C<urxvt::overlay> objects are:
		1207
		1208	=over 4
		1209
		1210	=item $overlay->set ($x, $y, $text, $rend)
		1211
		1212	Similar to C<< $term->ROW_t >> and C<< $term->ROW_r >> in that it puts
		1213	text in rxvt-unicode's special encoding and an array of rendition values
		1214	at a specific position inside the overlay.
		1215
		1216	=item $overlay->hide
		1217
		1218	If visible, hide the overlay, but do not destroy it.
		1219
		1220	=item $overlay->show
		1221
		1222	If hidden, display the overlay again.
		1223
		1224	=back
		1225
		1226	=item $popup = $term->popup ($event)
		1227
		1228	Creates a new C<urxvt::popup> object that implements a popup menu. The
		1229	C<$event> I<must> be the event causing the menu to pop up (a button event,
		1230	currently).
		1231
		1232	=cut
		1233
		1234	sub popup {
		1235	my ($self, $event) = @_;
		1236
		1237	$self->grab ($event->{time}, 1)
		1238	or return;
		1239
		1240	my $popup = bless {
		1241	term => $self,
		1242	event => $event,
		1243	}, urxvt::popup::;
		1244
		1245	Scalar::Util::weaken $popup->{term};
		1246
		1247	$self->{_destroy}{$popup} = urxvt::destroy_hook { $popup->{popup}->destroy };
		1248	Scalar::Util::weaken $self->{_destroy}{$popup};
		1249
		1250	$popup
		1251	}
		1252
		1253	=item $cellwidth = $term->strwidth ($string)
		1254
		1255	Returns the number of screen-cells this string would need. Correctly
		1256	accounts for wide and combining characters.
		1257
		1258	=item $octets = $term->locale_encode ($string)
		1259
		1260	Convert the given text string into the corresponding locale encoding.
		1261
		1262	=item $string = $term->locale_decode ($octets)
		1263
		1264	Convert the given locale-encoded octets into a perl string.
		1265
		1266	=item $term->scr_xor_span ($beg_row, $beg_col, $end_row, $end_col[, $rstyle])
		1267
		1268	XORs the rendition values in the given span with the provided value
		1269	(default: C<RS_RVid>), which I<MUST NOT> contain font styles. Useful in
		1270	refresh hooks to provide effects similar to the selection.
		1271
		1272	=item $term->scr_xor_rect ($beg_row, $beg_col, $end_row, $end_col[, $rstyle1[, $rstyle2]])
		1273
		1274	Similar to C<scr_xor_span>, but xors a rectangle instead. Trailing
		1275	whitespace will additionally be xored with the C<$rstyle2>, which defaults
		1276	to C<RS_RVid | RS_Uline>, which removes reverse video again and underlines
		1277	it instead. Both styles I<MUST NOT> contain font styles.
		1278
		1279	=item $term->scr_bell
		1280
		1281	Ring the bell!
		1282
		1283	=item $term->scr_add_lines ($string)
		1284
		1285	Write the given text string to the screen, as if output by the application
		1286	running inside the terminal. It may not contain command sequences (escape
		1287	codes), but is free to use line feeds, carriage returns and tabs. The
		1288	string is a normal text string, not in locale-dependent encoding.
		1289
		1290	Normally its not a good idea to use this function, as programs might be
		1291	confused by changes in cursor position or scrolling. Its useful inside a
		1292	C<on_add_lines> hook, though.
		1293
		1294	=item $term->scr_change_screen ($screen)
		1295
		1296	Switch to given screen - 0 primary, 1 secondary.
		1297
		1298	=item $term->cmd_parse ($octets)
		1299
		1300	Similar to C<scr_add_lines>, but the argument must be in the
		1301	locale-specific encoding of the terminal and can contain command sequences
		1302	(escape codes) that will be interpreted.
		1303
		1304	=item $term->tt_write ($octets)
		1305
		1306	Write the octets given in C<$data> to the tty (i.e. as program input). To
		1307	pass characters instead of octets, you should convert your strings first
		1308	to the locale-specific encoding using C<< $term->locale_encode >>.
		1309
		1310	=item $old_events = $term->pty_ev_events ([$new_events])
		1311
		1312	Replaces the event mask of the pty watcher by the given event mask. Can
		1313	be used to suppress input and output handling to the pty/tty. See the
		1314	description of C<< urxvt::timer->events >>. Make sure to always restore
		1315	the previous value.
		1316
		1317	=item $fd = $term->pty_fd
		1318
		1319	Returns the master file descriptor for the pty in use, or C<-1> if no pty
		1320	is used.
		1321
		1322	=item $windowid = $term->parent
		1323
		1324	Return the window id of the toplevel window.
		1325
		1326	=item $windowid = $term->vt
		1327
		1328	Return the window id of the terminal window.
		1329
		1330	=item $term->vt_emask_add ($x_event_mask)
		1331
		1332	Adds the specified events to the vt event mask. Useful e.g. when you want
		1333	to receive pointer events all the times:
		1334
		1335	$term->vt_emask_add (urxvt::PointerMotionMask);
		1336
		1337	=item $window_width = $term->width
		1338
		1339	=item $window_height = $term->height
		1340
		1341	=item $font_width = $term->fwidth
		1342
		1343	=item $font_height = $term->fheight
		1344
		1345	=item $font_ascent = $term->fbase
		1346
		1347	=item $terminal_rows = $term->nrow
		1348
		1349	=item $terminal_columns = $term->ncol
		1350
		1351	=item $has_focus = $term->focus
		1352
		1353	=item $is_mapped = $term->mapped
		1354
		1355	=item $max_scrollback = $term->saveLines
		1356
		1357	=item $nrow_plus_saveLines = $term->total_rows
		1358
		1359	=item $topmost_scrollback_row = $term->top_row
		1360
		1361	Return various integers describing terminal characteristics.
		1362
		1363	=item $x_display = $term->display_id
		1364
		1365	Return the DISPLAY used by rxvt-unicode.
		1366
		1367	=item $lc_ctype = $term->locale
		1368
		1369	Returns the LC_CTYPE category string used by this rxvt-unicode.
		1370
		1371	=item $env = $term->env
		1372
		1373	Returns a copy of the environment in effect for the terminal as a hashref
		1374	similar to C<\%ENV>.
		1375
		1376	=cut
		1377
		1378	sub env {
		1379	if (my $env = $_[0]->_env) {
		1380	+{ map /^([^=]+)(?:=(.*))?$/s && ($1 => $2), @$env }
		1381	} else {
		1382	+{ %ENV }
270	}	1383	}
271
272	$self->scr_overlay_new ($x, $y, $w, scalar @lines);
273	$self->scr_overlay_set (0, $_, $lines[$_]) for 0.. $#lines;
274	}	1384	}
275		1385
276	=item $term->scr_overlay_new ($x, $y, $width, $height)	1386	=item $modifiermask = $term->ModLevel3Mask
277		1387
278	Create a new (empty) overlay at the given position with the given	1388	=item $modifiermask = $term->ModMetaMask
279	width/height. A border will be put around the box. If either C<$x> or
280	C<$y> is negative, then this is counted from the right/bottom side,
281	respectively.
282		1389
283	=item $term->scr_overlay_off	1390	=item $modifiermask = $term->ModNumLockMask
284		1391
285	Switch the overlay off again.	1392	Return the modifier masks corresponding to the "ISO Level 3 Shift" (often
		1393	AltGr), the meta key (often Alt) and the num lock key, if applicable.
286		1394
287	=item $term->scr_overlay_set_char ($x, $y, $char, $rend = OVERLAY_RSTYLE)	1395	=item $screen = $term->current_screen
288		1396
289	Put a single character (specified numerically) at the given overlay	1397	Returns the currently displayed screen (0 primary, 1 secondary).
290	position.
291		1398
292	=item $term->scr_overlay_set ($x, $y, $text)	1399	=item $cursor_is_hidden = $term->hidden_cursor
293		1400
294	Write a string at the given position into the overlay.	1401	Returns wether the cursor is currently hidden or not.
		1402
		1403	=item $view_start = $term->view_start ([$newvalue])
		1404
		1405	Returns the row number of the topmost displayed line. Maximum value is
		1406	C<0>, which displays the normal terminal contents. Lower values scroll
		1407	this many lines into the scrollback buffer.
		1408
		1409	=item $term->want_refresh
		1410
		1411	Requests a screen refresh. At the next opportunity, rxvt-unicode will
		1412	compare the on-screen display with its stored representation. If they
		1413	differ, it redraws the differences.
		1414
		1415	Used after changing terminal contents to display them.
		1416
		1417	=item $text = $term->ROW_t ($row_number[, $new_text[, $start_col]])
		1418
		1419	Returns the text of the entire row with number C<$row_number>. Row C<0>
		1420	is the topmost terminal line, row C<< $term->$ncol-1 >> is the bottommost
		1421	terminal line. The scrollback buffer starts at line C<-1> and extends to
		1422	line C<< -$term->nsaved >>. Nothing will be returned if a nonexistent line
		1423	is requested.
		1424
		1425	If C<$new_text> is specified, it will replace characters in the current
		1426	line, starting at column C<$start_col> (default C<0>), which is useful
		1427	to replace only parts of a line. The font index in the rendition will
		1428	automatically be updated.
		1429
		1430	C<$text> is in a special encoding: tabs and wide characters that use more
		1431	than one cell when displayed are padded with C<$urxvt::NOCHAR> (chr 65535)
		1432	characters. Characters with combining characters and other characters that
		1433	do not fit into the normal tetx encoding will be replaced with characters
		1434	in the private use area.
		1435
		1436	You have to obey this encoding when changing text. The advantage is
		1437	that C<substr> and similar functions work on screen cells and not on
		1438	characters.
		1439
		1440	The methods C<< $term->special_encode >> and C<< $term->special_decode >>
		1441	can be used to convert normal strings into this encoding and vice versa.
		1442
		1443	=item $rend = $term->ROW_r ($row_number[, $new_rend[, $start_col]])
		1444
		1445	Like C<< $term->ROW_t >>, but returns an arrayref with rendition
		1446	bitsets. Rendition bitsets contain information about colour, font, font
		1447	styles and similar information. See also C<< $term->ROW_t >>.
		1448
		1449	When setting rendition, the font mask will be ignored.
		1450
		1451	See the section on RENDITION, above.
		1452
		1453	=item $length = $term->ROW_l ($row_number[, $new_length])
		1454
		1455	Returns the number of screen cells that are in use ("the line
		1456	length"). Unlike the urxvt core, this returns C<< $term->ncol >> if the
		1457	line is joined with the following one.
		1458
		1459	=item $bool = $term->is_longer ($row_number)
		1460
		1461	Returns true if the row is part of a multiple-row logical "line" (i.e.
		1462	joined with the following row), which means all characters are in use
		1463	and it is continued on the next row (and possibly a continuation of the
		1464	previous row(s)).
		1465
		1466	=item $line = $term->line ($row_number)
		1467
		1468	Create and return a new C<urxvt::line> object that stores information
		1469	about the logical line that row C<$row_number> is part of. It supports the
		1470	following methods:
		1471
		1472	=over 4
		1473
		1474	=item $text = $line->t ([$new_text])
		1475
		1476	Returns or replaces the full text of the line, similar to C<ROW_t>
		1477
		1478	=item $rend = $line->r ([$new_rend])
		1479
		1480	Returns or replaces the full rendition array of the line, similar to C<ROW_r>
		1481
		1482	=item $length = $line->l
		1483
		1484	Returns the length of the line in cells, similar to C<ROW_l>.
		1485
		1486	=item $rownum = $line->beg
		1487
		1488	=item $rownum = $line->end
		1489
		1490	Return the row number of the first/last row of the line, respectively.
		1491
		1492	=item $offset = $line->offset_of ($row, $col)
		1493
		1494	Returns the character offset of the given row|col pair within the logical
		1495	line. Works for rows outside the line, too, and returns corresponding
		1496	offsets outside the string.
		1497
		1498	=item ($row, $col) = $line->coord_of ($offset)
		1499
		1500	Translates a string offset into terminal coordinates again.
295		1501
296	=back	1502	=back
		1503
		1504	=cut
		1505
		1506	sub line {
		1507	my ($self, $row) = @_;
		1508
		1509	my $maxrow = $self->nrow - 1;
		1510
		1511	my ($beg, $end) = ($row, $row);
		1512
		1513	--$beg while $self->ROW_is_longer ($beg - 1);
		1514	++$end while $self->ROW_is_longer ($end) && $end < $maxrow;
		1515
		1516	bless {
		1517	term => $self,
		1518	beg => $beg,
		1519	end => $end,
		1520	ncol => $self->ncol,
		1521	len => ($end - $beg) * $self->ncol + $self->ROW_l ($end),
		1522	}, urxvt::line::
		1523	}
		1524
		1525	sub urxvt::line::t {
		1526	my ($self) = @_;
		1527
		1528	if (@_ > 1)
		1529	{
		1530	$self->{term}->ROW_t ($_, $_[1], 0, ($_ - $self->{beg}) * $self->{ncol}, $self->{ncol})
		1531	for $self->{beg} .. $self->{end};
		1532	}
		1533
		1534	defined wantarray &&
		1535	substr +(join "", map $self->{term}->ROW_t ($_), $self->{beg} .. $self->{end}),
		1536	0, $self->{len}
		1537	}
		1538
		1539	sub urxvt::line::r {
		1540	my ($self) = @_;
		1541
		1542	if (@_ > 1)
		1543	{
		1544	$self->{term}->ROW_r ($_, $_[1], 0, ($_ - $self->{beg}) * $self->{ncol}, $self->{ncol})
		1545	for $self->{beg} .. $self->{end};
		1546	}
		1547
		1548	if (defined wantarray) {
		1549	my $rend = [
		1550	map @{ $self->{term}->ROW_r ($_) }, $self->{beg} .. $self->{end}
		1551	];
		1552	$#$rend = $self->{len} - 1;
		1553	return $rend;
		1554	}
		1555
		1556	()
		1557	}
		1558
		1559	sub urxvt::line::beg { $_[0]{beg} }
		1560	sub urxvt::line::end { $_[0]{end} }
		1561	sub urxvt::line::l { $_[0]{len} }
		1562
		1563	sub urxvt::line::offset_of {
		1564	my ($self, $row, $col) = @_;
		1565
		1566	($row - $self->{beg}) * $self->{ncol} + $col
		1567	}
		1568
		1569	sub urxvt::line::coord_of {
		1570	my ($self, $offset) = @_;
		1571
		1572	use integer;
		1573
		1574	(
		1575	$offset / $self->{ncol} + $self->{beg},
		1576	$offset % $self->{ncol}
		1577	)
		1578	}
		1579
		1580	=item $text = $term->special_encode $string
		1581
		1582	Converts a perl string into the special encoding used by rxvt-unicode,
		1583	where one character corresponds to one screen cell. See
		1584	C<< $term->ROW_t >> for details.
		1585
		1586	=item $string = $term->special_decode $text
		1587
		1588	Converts rxvt-unicodes text reprsentation into a perl string. See
		1589	C<< $term->ROW_t >> for details.
		1590
		1591	=item $success = $term->grab_button ($button, $modifiermask)
		1592
		1593	Registers a synchronous button grab. See the XGrabButton manpage.
		1594
		1595	=item $success = $term->grab ($eventtime[, $sync])
		1596
		1597	Calls XGrabPointer and XGrabKeyboard in asynchronous (default) or
		1598	synchronous (C<$sync> is true). Also remembers the grab timestampe.
		1599
		1600	=item $term->allow_events_async
		1601
		1602	Calls XAllowEvents with AsyncBoth for the most recent grab.
		1603
		1604	=item $term->allow_events_sync
		1605
		1606	Calls XAllowEvents with SyncBoth for the most recent grab.
		1607
		1608	=item $term->allow_events_replay
		1609
		1610	Calls XAllowEvents with both ReplayPointer and ReplayKeyboard for the most
		1611	recent grab.
		1612
		1613	=item $term->ungrab
		1614
		1615	Calls XUngrab for the most recent grab. Is called automatically on
		1616	evaluation errors, as it is better to lose the grab in the error case as
		1617	the session.
		1618
		1619	=item $atom = $term->XInternAtom ($atom_name[, $only_if_exists])
		1620
		1621	=item $atom_name = $term->XGetAtomName ($atom)
		1622
		1623	=item @atoms = $term->XListProperties ($window)
		1624
		1625	=item ($type,$format,$octets) = $term->XGetWindowProperty ($window, $property)
		1626
		1627	=item $term->XChangeWindowProperty ($window, $property, $type, $format, $octets)
		1628
		1629	=item $term->XDeleteProperty ($window, $property)
		1630
		1631	=item $window = $term->DefaultRootWindow
		1632
		1633	=item $term->XReparentWindow ($window, $parent, [$x, $y])
		1634
		1635	=item $term->XMapWindow ($window)
		1636
		1637	=item $term->XUnmapWindow ($window)
		1638
		1639	=item $term->XMoveResizeWindow ($window, $x, $y, $width, $height)
		1640
		1641	=item ($x, $y, $child_window) = $term->XTranslateCoordinates ($src, $dst, $x, $y)
		1642
		1643	=item $term->XChangeInput ($window, $add_events[, $del_events])
		1644
		1645	Various X or X-related functions. The C<$term> object only serves as
		1646	the source of the display, otherwise those functions map more-or-less
		1647	directory onto the X functions of the same name.
		1648
		1649	=back
		1650
		1651	=cut
		1652
		1653	package urxvt::popup;
		1654
		1655	=head2 The C<urxvt::popup> Class
		1656
		1657	=over 4
		1658
		1659	=cut
		1660
		1661	sub add_item {
		1662	my ($self, $item) = @_;
		1663
		1664	$item->{rend}{normal} = "\x1b[0;30;47m" unless exists $item->{rend}{normal};
		1665	$item->{rend}{hover} = "\x1b[0;30;46m" unless exists $item->{rend}{hover};
		1666	$item->{rend}{active} = "\x1b[m" unless exists $item->{rend}{active};
		1667
		1668	$item->{render} ||= sub { $_[0]{text} };
		1669
		1670	push @{ $self->{item} }, $item;
		1671	}
		1672
		1673	=item $popup->add_title ($title)
		1674
		1675	Adds a non-clickable title to the popup.
		1676
		1677	=cut
		1678
		1679	sub add_title {
		1680	my ($self, $title) = @_;
		1681
		1682	$self->add_item ({
		1683	rend => { normal => "\x1b[38;5;11;44m", hover => "\x1b[38;5;11;44m", active => "\x1b[38;5;11;44m" },
		1684	text => $title,
		1685	activate => sub { },
		1686	});
		1687	}
		1688
		1689	=item $popup->add_separator ([$sepchr])
		1690
		1691	Creates a separator, optionally using the character given as C<$sepchr>.
		1692
		1693	=cut
		1694
		1695	sub add_separator {
		1696	my ($self, $sep) = @_;
		1697
		1698	$sep ||= "=";
		1699
		1700	$self->add_item ({
		1701	rend => { normal => "\x1b[0;30;47m", hover => "\x1b[0;30;47m", active => "\x1b[0;30;47m" },
		1702	text => "",
		1703	render => sub { $sep x $self->{term}->ncol },
		1704	activate => sub { },
		1705	});
		1706	}
		1707
		1708	=item $popup->add_button ($text, $cb)
		1709
		1710	Adds a clickable button to the popup. C<$cb> is called whenever it is
		1711	selected.
		1712
		1713	=cut
		1714
		1715	sub add_button {
		1716	my ($self, $text, $cb) = @_;
		1717
		1718	$self->add_item ({ type => "button", text => $text, activate => $cb});
		1719	}
		1720
		1721	=item $popup->add_toggle ($text, $cb, $initial_value)
		1722
		1723	Adds a toggle/checkbox item to the popup. Teh callback gets called
		1724	whenever it gets toggled, with a boolean indicating its value as its first
		1725	argument.
		1726
		1727	=cut
		1728
		1729	sub add_toggle {
		1730	my ($self, $text, $cb, $value) = @_;
		1731
		1732	my $item; $item = {
		1733	type => "button",
		1734	text => " $text",
		1735	value => $value,
		1736	render => sub { ($_[0]{value} ? "* " : " ") . $text },
		1737	activate => sub { $cb->($_[1]{value} = !$_[1]{value}); },
		1738	};
		1739
		1740	$self->add_item ($item);
		1741	}
		1742
		1743	=item $popup->show
		1744
		1745	Displays the popup (which is initially hidden).
		1746
		1747	=cut
		1748
		1749	sub show {
		1750	my ($self) = @_;
		1751
		1752	local $urxvt::popup::self = $self;
		1753
		1754	my $env = $self->{term}->env;
		1755	# we can't hope to reproduce the locale algorithm, so nuke LC_ALL and set LC_CTYPE.
		1756	delete $env->{LC_ALL};
		1757	$env->{LC_CTYPE} = $self->{term}->locale;
		1758
		1759	urxvt::term->new ($env, "popup",
		1760	"--perl-lib" => "", "--perl-ext-common" => "",
		1761	"-pty-fd" => -1, "-sl" => 0,
		1762	"-b" => 1, "-bd" => "grey80", "-bl", "-override-redirect",
		1763	"--transient-for" => $self->{term}->parent,
		1764	"-display" => $self->{term}->display_id,
		1765	"-pe" => "urxvt-popup")
		1766	or die "unable to create popup window\n";
		1767	}
		1768
		1769	sub DESTROY {
		1770	my ($self) = @_;
		1771
		1772	delete $self->{term}{_destroy}{$self};
		1773	$self->{term}->ungrab;
		1774	}
		1775
		1776	=back
		1777
		1778	=cut
		1779
		1780	package urxvt::watcher;
		1781
		1782	@urxvt::timer::ISA = __PACKAGE__;
		1783	@urxvt::iow::ISA = __PACKAGE__;
		1784	@urxvt::pw::ISA = __PACKAGE__;
		1785	@urxvt::iw::ISA = __PACKAGE__;
297		1786
298	=head2 The C<urxvt::timer> Class	1787	=head2 The C<urxvt::timer> Class
299		1788
300	This class implements timer watchers/events. Time is represented as a	1789	This class implements timer watchers/events. Time is represented as a
301	fractional number of seconds since the epoch. Example:	1790	fractional number of seconds since the epoch. Example:
302		1791
303	# create a digital clock display in upper right corner	1792	$term->{overlay} = $term->overlay (-1, 0, 8, 1, urxvt::OVERLAY_RSTYLE, 0);
304	$term->{timer} = urxvt::timer	1793	$term->{timer} = urxvt::timer
305	->new	1794	->new
306	->start (urxvt::NOW)	1795	->interval (1)
307	->cb (sub {	1796	->cb (sub {
308	my ($timer) = @_;
309	my $time = $timer->at;
310	$timer->start ($time + 1);
311	$self->scr_overlay (-1, 0,	1797	$term->{overlay}->set (0, 0,
312	POSIX::strftime "%H:%M:%S", localtime $time);	1798	sprintf "%2d:%02d:%02d", (localtime urxvt::NOW)[2,1,0]);
313	});	1799	});
314		1800
315	=over 4	1801	=over 4
316		1802
317	=item $timer = new urxvt::timer	1803	=item $timer = new urxvt::timer
318		1804
319	Create a new timer object in stopped state.	1805	Create a new timer object in started state. It is scheduled to fire
		1806	immediately.
320		1807
321	=item $timer = $timer->cb (sub { my ($timer) = @_; ... })	1808	=item $timer = $timer->cb (sub { my ($timer) = @_; ... })
322		1809
323	Set the callback to be called when the timer triggers.	1810	Set the callback to be called when the timer triggers.
324		1811
…		…
328		1815
329	=item $timer = $timer->set ($tstamp)	1816	=item $timer = $timer->set ($tstamp)
330		1817
331	Set the time the event is generated to $tstamp.	1818	Set the time the event is generated to $tstamp.
332		1819
		1820	=item $timer = $timer->interval ($interval)
		1821
		1822	Normally (and when C<$interval> is C<0>), the timer will automatically
		1823	stop after it has fired once. If C<$interval> is non-zero, then the timer
		1824	is automatically rescheduled at the given intervals.
		1825
333	=item $timer = $timer->start	1826	=item $timer = $timer->start
334		1827
335	Start the timer.	1828	Start the timer.
336		1829
337	=item $timer = $timer->start ($tstamp)	1830	=item $timer = $timer->start ($tstamp)
338		1831
339	Set the event trigger time to C<$tstamp> and start the timer.	1832	Set the event trigger time to C<$tstamp> and start the timer.
		1833
		1834	=item $timer = $timer->after ($delay)
		1835
		1836	Like C<start>, but sets the expiry timer to c<urxvt::NOW + $delay>.
340		1837
341	=item $timer = $timer->stop	1838	=item $timer = $timer->stop
342		1839
343	Stop the timer.	1840	Stop the timer.
344		1841
…		…
350		1847
351	$term->{socket} = ...	1848	$term->{socket} = ...
352	$term->{iow} = urxvt::iow	1849	$term->{iow} = urxvt::iow
353	->new	1850	->new
354	->fd (fileno $term->{socket})	1851	->fd (fileno $term->{socket})
355	->events (1) # wait for read data	1852	->events (urxvt::EVENT_READ)
356	->start	1853	->start
357	->cb (sub {	1854	->cb (sub {
358	my ($iow, $revents) = @_;	1855	my ($iow, $revents) = @_;
359	# $revents must be 1 here, no need to check	1856	# $revents must be 1 here, no need to check
360	sysread $term->{socket}, my $buf, 8192	1857	sysread $term->{socket}, my $buf, 8192
…		…
377		1874
378	Set the filedescriptor (not handle) to watch.	1875	Set the filedescriptor (not handle) to watch.
379		1876
380	=item $iow = $iow->events ($eventmask)	1877	=item $iow = $iow->events ($eventmask)
381		1878
382	Set the event mask to watch. Bit #0 (value C<1>) enables watching for read	1879	Set the event mask to watch. The only allowed values are
383	data, Bit #1 (value C<2>) enables watching for write data.	1880	C<urxvt::EVENT_READ> and C<urxvt::EVENT_WRITE>, which might be ORed
		1881	together, or C<urxvt::EVENT_NONE>.
384		1882
385	=item $iow = $iow->start	1883	=item $iow = $iow->start
386		1884
387	Start watching for requested events on the given handle.	1885	Start watching for requested events on the given handle.
388		1886
389	=item $iow = $iow->stop	1887	=item $iow = $iow->stop
390		1888
391	Stop watching for events on the given filehandle.	1889	Stop watching for events on the given filehandle.
		1890
		1891	=back
		1892
		1893	=head2 The C<urxvt::iw> Class
		1894
		1895	This class implements idle watchers, that get called automatically when
		1896	the process is idle. They should return as fast as possible, after doing
		1897	some useful work.
		1898
		1899	=over 4
		1900
		1901	=item $iw = new urxvt::iw
		1902
		1903	Create a new idle watcher object in stopped state.
		1904
		1905	=item $iw = $iw->cb (sub { my ($iw) = @_; ... })
		1906
		1907	Set the callback to be called when the watcher triggers.
		1908
		1909	=item $timer = $timer->start
		1910
		1911	Start the watcher.
		1912
		1913	=item $timer = $timer->stop
		1914
		1915	Stop the watcher.
		1916
		1917	=back
		1918
		1919	=head2 The C<urxvt::pw> Class
		1920
		1921	This class implements process watchers. They create an event whenever a
		1922	process exits, after which they stop automatically.
		1923
		1924	my $pid = fork;
		1925	...
		1926	$term->{pw} = urxvt::pw
		1927	->new
		1928	->start ($pid)
		1929	->cb (sub {
		1930	my ($pw, $exit_status) = @_;
		1931	...
		1932	});
		1933
		1934	=over 4
		1935
		1936	=item $pw = new urxvt::pw
		1937
		1938	Create a new process watcher in stopped state.
		1939
		1940	=item $pw = $pw->cb (sub { my ($pw, $exit_status) = @_; ... })
		1941
		1942	Set the callback to be called when the timer triggers.
		1943
		1944	=item $pw = $timer->start ($pid)
		1945
		1946	Tells the wqtcher to start watching for process C<$pid>.
		1947
		1948	=item $pw = $pw->stop
		1949
		1950	Stop the watcher.
		1951
		1952	=back
		1953
		1954	=head1 ENVIRONMENT
		1955
		1956	=head2 URXVT_PERL_VERBOSITY
		1957
		1958	This variable controls the verbosity level of the perl extension. Higher
		1959	numbers indicate more verbose output.
		1960
		1961	=over 4
		1962
		1963	=item == 0 - fatal messages
		1964
		1965	=item >= 3 - script loading and management
		1966
		1967	=item >=10 - all called hooks
		1968
		1969	=item >=11 - hook reutrn values
392		1970
393	=back	1971	=back
394		1972
395	=head1 AUTHOR	1973	=head1 AUTHOR
396		1974

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