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Revision 1.25 by root, Tue Jan 3 21:08:39 2006 UTC vs.
Revision 1.144 by root, Mon Aug 7 15:59:44 2006 UTC

…		…
17		17
18	@@RXVT_NAME@@ --perl-lib $HOME -pe grab_test	18	@@RXVT_NAME@@ --perl-lib $HOME -pe grab_test
19		19
20	=head1 DESCRIPTION	20	=head1 DESCRIPTION
21		21
22	Everytime a terminal object gets created, scripts specified via the	22	Every time a terminal object gets created, extension scripts specified via
23	C<perl> resource are loaded and associated with it.	23	the C<perl> resource are loaded and associated with it.
24		24
25	Scripts are compiled in a 'use strict' and 'use utf8' environment, and	25	Scripts are compiled in a 'use strict' and 'use utf8' environment, and
26	thus must be encoded as UTF-8.	26	thus must be encoded as UTF-8.
27		27
28	Each script will only ever be loaded once, even in @@RXVT_NAME@@d, where	28	Each script will only ever be loaded once, even in @@RXVT_NAME@@d, where
29	scripts will be shared (but not enabled) for all terminals.	29	scripts will be shared (but not enabled) for all terminals.
30		30
31	=head2 Prepackaged Extensions	31	=head1 PREPACKAGED EXTENSIONS
32		32
33	This section describes the extensiosn delivered with this version. You can	33	This section describes the extensions delivered with this release. You can
34	find them in F<@@RXVT_LIBDIR@@/urxvt/perl/>.	34	find them in F<@@RXVT_LIBDIR@@/urxvt/perl/>.
35		35
36	You can activate them like this:	36	You can activate them like this:
37		37
38	@@RXVT_NAME@@ -pe <extensionname>	38	@@RXVT_NAME@@ -pe <extensionname>
39		39
		40	Or by adding them to the resource for extensions loaded by default:
		41
		42	URxvt.perl-ext-common: default,automove-background,selection-autotransform
		43
40	=over 4	44	=over 4
41		45
42	=item selection	46	=item selection (enabled by default)
43		47
44	Intelligent selection. This etxension tries to be more intelligent when the user	48	(More) intelligent selection. This extension tries to be more intelligent
45	extends selections (double-click).	49	when the user extends selections (double-click and further clicks). Right
		50	now, it tries to select words, urls and complete shell-quoted
		51	arguments, which is very convenient, too, if your F<ls> supports
		52	C<--quoting-style=shell>.
46		53
47	It also offers the following bindable event:	54	A double-click usually selects the word under the cursor, further clicks
		55	will enlarge the selection.
		56
		57	The selection works by trying to match a number of regexes and displaying
		58	them in increasing order of length. You can add your own regexes by
		59	specifying resources of the form:
		60
		61	URxvt.selection.pattern-0: perl-regex
		62	URxvt.selection.pattern-1: perl-regex
		63	...
		64
		65	The index number (0, 1...) must not have any holes, and each regex must
		66	contain at least one pair of capturing parentheses, which will be used for
		67	the match. For example, the following adds a regex that matches everything
		68	between two vertical bars:
		69
		70	URxvt.selection.pattern-0: \\|([^|]+)\\|
		71
		72	Another example: Programs I use often output "absolute path: " at the
		73	beginning of a line when they process multiple files. The following
		74	pattern matches the filename (note, there is a single space at the very
		75	end):
		76
		77	URxvt.selection.pattern-0: ^(/[^:]+):\
		78
		79	You can look at the source of the selection extension to see more
		80	interesting uses, such as parsing a line from beginning to end.
		81
		82	This extension also offers following bindable keyboard commands:
48		83
49	=over 4	84	=over 4
50		85
51	=item rot13	86	=item rot13
52		87
…		…
54		89
55	URxvt.keysym.C-M-r: perl:selection:rot13	90	URxvt.keysym.C-M-r: perl:selection:rot13
56		91
57	=back	92	=back
58		93
		94	=item option-popup (enabled by default)
		95
		96	Binds a popup menu to Ctrl-Button2 that lets you toggle (some) options at
		97	runtime.
		98
		99	Other extensions can extend this popup menu by pushing a code reference
		100	onto C<@{ $term->{option_popup_hook} }>, which gets called whenever the
		101	popup is being displayed.
		102
		103	It's sole argument is the popup menu, which can be modified. It should
		104	either return nothing or a string, the initial boolean value and a code
		105	reference. The string will be used as button text and the code reference
		106	will be called when the toggle changes, with the new boolean value as
		107	first argument.
		108
		109	The following will add an entry C<myoption> that changes
		110	C<$self->{myoption}>:
		111
		112	push @{ $self->{term}{option_popup_hook} }, sub {
		113	("my option" => $myoption, sub { $self->{myoption} = $_[0] })
		114	};
		115
		116	=item selection-popup (enabled by default)
		117
		118	Binds a popup menu to Ctrl-Button3 that lets you convert the selection
		119	text into various other formats/action (such as uri unescaping, perl
		120	evaluation, web-browser starting etc.), depending on content.
		121
		122	Other extensions can extend this popup menu by pushing a code reference
		123	onto C<@{ $term->{selection_popup_hook} }>, which gets called whenever the
		124	popup is being displayed.
		125
		126	It's sole argument is the popup menu, which can be modified. The selection
		127	is in C<$_>, which can be used to decide whether to add something or not.
		128	It should either return nothing or a string and a code reference. The
		129	string will be used as button text and the code reference will be called
		130	when the button gets activated and should transform C<$_>.
		131
		132	The following will add an entry C<a to b> that transforms all C<a>s in
		133	the selection to C<b>s, but only if the selection currently contains any
		134	C<a>s:
		135
		136	push @{ $self->{term}{selection_popup_hook} }, sub {
		137	/a/ ? ("a to be" => sub { s/a/b/g }
		138	: ()
		139	};
		140
		141	=item searchable-scrollback<hotkey> (enabled by default)
		142
		143	Adds regex search functionality to the scrollback buffer, triggered
		144	by a hotkey (default: C<M-s>). While in search mode, normal terminal
		145	input/output is suspended and a regex is displayed at the bottom of the
		146	screen.
		147
		148	Inputting characters appends them to the regex and continues incremental
		149	search. C<BackSpace> removes a character from the regex, C<Up> and C<Down>
		150	search upwards/downwards in the scrollback buffer, C<End> jumps to the
		151	bottom. C<Escape> leaves search mode and returns to the point where search
		152	was started, while C<Enter> or C<Return> stay at the current position and
		153	additionally stores the first match in the current line into the primary
		154	selection.
		155
		156	The regex defaults to "(?i)", resulting in a case-insensitive search. To
		157	get a case-sensitive search you can delete this prefix using C<BackSpace>
		158	or simply use an uppercase character which removes the "(?i)" prefix.
		159
		160	See L<perlre> for more info about perl regular expression syntax.
		161
		162	=item readline (enabled by default)
		163
		164	A support package that tries to make editing with readline easier. At
		165	the moment, it reacts to clicking shift-left mouse button by trying to
		166	move the text cursor to this position. It does so by generating as many
		167	cursor-left or cursor-right keypresses as required (the this only works
		168	for programs that correctly support wide characters).
		169
		170	To avoid too many false positives, this is only done when:
		171
		172	=over 4
		173
		174	=item - the tty is in ICANON state.
		175
		176	=item - the text cursor is visible.
		177
		178	=item - the primary screen is currently being displayed.
		179
		180	=item - the mouse is on the same (multi-row-) line as the text cursor.
		181
		182	=back
		183
		184	The normal selection mechanism isn't disabled, so quick successive clicks
		185	might interfere with selection creation in harmless ways.
		186
		187	=item selection-autotransform
		188
		189	This selection allows you to do automatic transforms on a selection
		190	whenever a selection is made.
		191
		192	It works by specifying perl snippets (most useful is a single C<s///>
		193	operator) that modify C<$_> as resources:
		194
		195	URxvt.selection-autotransform.0: transform
		196	URxvt.selection-autotransform.1: transform
		197	...
		198
		199	For example, the following will transform selections of the form
		200	C<filename:number>, often seen in compiler messages, into C<vi +$filename
		201	$word>:
		202
		203	URxvt.selection-autotransform.0: s/^([^:[:space:]]+):(\\d+):?$/vi +$2 \\Q$1\\E\\x0d/
		204
		205	And this example matches the same,but replaces it with vi-commands you can
		206	paste directly into your (vi :) editor:
		207
		208	URxvt.selection-autotransform.0: s/^([^:[:space:]]+(\\d+):?$/:e \\Q$1\\E\\x0d:$2\\x0d/
		209
		210	Of course, this can be modified to suit your needs and your editor :)
		211
		212	To expand the example above to typical perl error messages ("XXX at
		213	FILENAME line YYY."), you need a slightly more elaborate solution:
		214
		215	URxvt.selection.pattern-0: ( at .*? line \\d+[,.])
		216	URxvt.selection-autotransform.0: s/^ at (.*?) line (\\d+)[,.]$/:e \\Q$1\E\\x0d:$2\\x0d/
		217
		218	The first line tells the selection code to treat the unchanging part of
		219	every error message as a selection pattern, and the second line transforms
		220	the message into vi commands to load the file.
		221
		222	=item tabbed
		223
		224	This transforms the terminal into a tabbar with additional terminals, that
		225	is, it implements what is commonly referred to as "tabbed terminal". The topmost line
		226	displays a "[NEW]" button, which, when clicked, will add a new tab, followed by one
		227	button per tab.
		228
		229	Clicking a button will activate that tab. Pressing B<Shift-Left> and
		230	B<Shift-Right> will switch to the tab left or right of the current one,
		231	while B<Shift-Down> creates a new tab.
		232
		233	The tabbar itself can be configured similarly to a normal terminal, but
		234	with a resource class of C<URxvt.tabbed>. In addition, it supports the
		235	following four resources (shown with defaults):
		236
		237	URxvt.tabbed.tabbar-fg: <colour-index, default 3>
		238	URxvt.tabbed.tabbar-bg: <colour-index, default 0>
		239	URxvt.tabbed.tab-fg: <colour-index, default 0>
		240	URxvt.tabbed.tab-bg: <colour-index, default 1>
		241
		242	See I<COLOR AND GRAPHICS> in the @@RXVT_NAME@@(1) manpage for valid
		243	indices.
		244
		245	=item mark-urls
		246
		247	Uses per-line display filtering (C<on_line_update>) to underline urls and
		248	make them clickable. When middle-clicked, the program specified in the
		249	resource C<urlLauncher> (default C<x-www-browser>) will be started with
		250	the URL as first argument.
		251
		252	=item xim-onthespot
		253
		254	This (experimental) perl extension implements OnTheSpot editing. It does
		255	not work perfectly, and some input methods don't seem to work well with
		256	OnTheSpot editing in general, but it seems to work at leats for SCIM and
		257	kinput2.
		258
		259	You enable it by specifying this extension and a preedit style of
		260	C<OnTheSpot>, i.e.:
		261
		262	@@RXVT_NAME@@ -pt OnTheSpot -pe xim-onthespot
		263
		264	=item kuake<hotkey>
		265
		266	A very primitive quake-console-like extension. It was inspired by a
		267	description of how the programs C<kuake> and C<yakuake> work: Whenever the
		268	user presses a global accelerator key (by default C<F10>), the terminal
		269	will show or hide itself. Another press of the accelerator key will hide
		270	or show it again.
		271
		272	Initially, the window will not be shown when using this extension.
		273
		274	This is useful if you need a single terminal thats not using any desktop
		275	space most of the time but is quickly available at the press of a key.
		276
		277	The accelerator key is grabbed regardless of any modifiers, so this
		278	extension will actually grab a physical key just for this function.
		279
		280	If you want a quake-like animation, tell your window manager to do so
		281	(fvwm can do it).
		282
		283	=item automove-background
		284
		285	This is basically a very small extension that dynamically changes the
		286	background pixmap offset to the window position, in effect creating the
		287	same effect as pseudo transparency with a custom pixmap. No scaling is
		288	supported in this mode. Example:
		289
		290	@@RXVT_NAME@@ -pixmap background.xpm -pe automove-background
		291
		292	=item block-graphics-to-ascii
		293
		294	A not very useful example of filtering all text output to the terminal
		295	by replacing all line-drawing characters (U+2500 .. U+259F) by a
		296	similar-looking ascii character.
		297
59	=item digital-clock	298	=item digital-clock
60		299
61	Displays a digital clock using the built-in overlay.	300	Displays a digital clock using the built-in overlay.
		301
		302	=item remote-clipboard
		303
		304	Somewhat of a misnomer, this extension adds two menu entries to the
		305	selection popup that allows one ti run external commands to store the
		306	selection somewhere and fetch it again.
		307
		308	We use it to implement a "distributed selection mechanism", which just
		309	means that one command uploads the file to a remote server, and another
		310	reads it.
		311
		312	The commands can be set using the C<URxvt.remote-selection.store> and
		313	C<URxvt.remote-selection.fetch> resources. The first should read the
		314	selection to store from STDIN (always in UTF-8), the second should provide
		315	the selection data on STDOUT (also in UTF-8).
		316
		317	The defaults (which are likely useless to you) use rsh and cat:
		318
		319	URxvt.remote-selection.store: rsh ruth 'cat >/tmp/distributed-selection'
		320	URxvt.remote-selection.fetch: rsh ruth 'cat /tmp/distributed-selection'
		321
		322	=item selection-pastebin
		323
		324	This is a little rarely useful extension that Uploads the selection as
		325	textfile to a remote site (or does other things). (The implementation is
		326	not currently secure for use in a multiuser environment as it writes to
		327	F</tmp> directly.).
		328
		329	It listens to the C<selection-pastebin:remote-pastebin> keyboard command,
		330	i.e.
		331
		332	URxvt.keysym.C-M-e: perl:selection-pastebin:remote-pastebin
		333
		334	Pressing this combination runs a command with C<%> replaced by the name of
		335	the textfile. This command can be set via a resource:
		336
		337	URxvt.selection-pastebin.cmd: rsync -apP % ruth:/var/www/www.ta-sa.org/files/txt/.
		338
		339	And the default is likely not useful to anybody but the few people around
		340	here :)
		341
		342	The name of the textfile is the hex encoded md5 sum of the selection, so
		343	the same content should lead to the same filename.
		344
		345	After a successful upload the selection will be replaced by the text given
		346	in the C<selection-pastebin-url> resource (again, the % is the placeholder
		347	for the filename):
		348
		349	URxvt.selection-pastebin.url: http://www.ta-sa.org/files/txt/%
62		350
63	=item example-refresh-hooks	351	=item example-refresh-hooks
64		352
65	Displays a very simple digital clock in the upper right corner of the	353	Displays a very simple digital clock in the upper right corner of the
66	window. Illustrates overwriting the refresh callbacks to create your own	354	window. Illustrates overwriting the refresh callbacks to create your own
67	overlays or changes.	355	overlays or changes.
68		356
69	=back	357	=back
		358
		359	=head1 API DOCUMENTATION
70		360
71	=head2 General API Considerations	361	=head2 General API Considerations
72		362
73	All objects (such as terminals, time watchers etc.) are typical	363	All objects (such as terminals, time watchers etc.) are typical
74	reference-to-hash objects. The hash can be used to store anything you	364	reference-to-hash objects. The hash can be used to store anything you
…		…
79	When objects are destroyed on the C++ side, the perl object hashes are	369	When objects are destroyed on the C++ side, the perl object hashes are
80	emptied, so its best to store related objects such as time watchers and	370	emptied, so its best to store related objects such as time watchers and
81	the like inside the terminal object so they get destroyed as soon as the	371	the like inside the terminal object so they get destroyed as soon as the
82	terminal is destroyed.	372	terminal is destroyed.
83		373
		374	Argument names also often indicate the type of a parameter. Here are some
		375	hints on what they mean:
		376
		377	=over 4
		378
		379	=item $text
		380
		381	Rxvt-unicodes special way of encoding text, where one "unicode" character
		382	always represents one screen cell. See L<ROW_t> for a discussion of this format.
		383
		384	=item $string
		385
		386	A perl text string, with an emphasis on I<text>. It can store all unicode
		387	characters and is to be distinguished with text encoded in a specific
		388	encoding (often locale-specific) and binary data.
		389
		390	=item $octets
		391
		392	Either binary data or - more common - a text string encoded in a
		393	locale-specific way.
		394
		395	=back
		396
		397	=head2 Extension Objects
		398
		399	Every perl extension is a perl class. A separate perl object is created
		400	for each terminal and each extension and passed as the first parameter to
		401	hooks. So extensions can use their C<$self> object without having to think
		402	about other extensions, with the exception of methods and members that
		403	begin with an underscore character C<_>: these are reserved for internal
		404	use.
		405
		406	Although it isn't a C<urxvt::term> object, you can call all methods of the
		407	C<urxvt::term> class on this object.
		408
		409	It has the following methods and data members:
		410
		411	=over 4
		412
		413	=item $urxvt_term = $self->{term}
		414
		415	Returns the C<urxvt::term> object associated with this instance of the
		416	extension. This member I<must not> be changed in any way.
		417
		418	=item $self->enable ($hook_name => $cb, [$hook_name => $cb..])
		419
		420	Dynamically enable the given hooks (named without the C<on_> prefix) for
		421	this extension, replacing any previous hook. This is useful when you want
		422	to overwrite time-critical hooks only temporarily.
		423
		424	=item $self->disable ($hook_name[, $hook_name..])
		425
		426	Dynamically disable the given hooks.
		427
		428	=back
		429
84	=head2 Hooks	430	=head2 Hooks
85		431
86	The following subroutines can be declared in loaded scripts, and will be	432	The following subroutines can be declared in extension files, and will be
87	called whenever the relevant event happens.	433	called whenever the relevant event happens.
88		434
89	The first argument passed to them is an object private to each terminal	435	The first argument passed to them is an extension object as described in
90	and extension package. You can call all C<urxvt::term> methods on it, but	436	the in the C<Extension Objects> section.
91	its not a real C<urxvt::term> object. Instead, the real C<urxvt::term>
92	object that is shared between all packages is stored in the C<term>
93	member.
94		437
95	All of them must return a boolean value. If it is true, then the event	438	B<All> of these hooks must return a boolean value. If any of the called
96	counts as being I<consumed>, and the invocation of other hooks is skipped,	439	hooks returns true, then the event counts as being I<consumed>, and the
97	and the relevant action might not be carried out by the C++ code.	440	relevant action might not be carried out by the C++ code.
98		441
99	When in doubt, return a false value (preferably C<()>).	442	I<< When in doubt, return a false value (preferably C<()>). >>
100		443
101	=over 4	444	=over 4
102		445
103	=item on_init $term	446	=item on_init $term
104		447
105	Called after a new terminal object has been initialized, but before	448	Called after a new terminal object has been initialized, but before
106	windows are created or the command gets run.	449	windows are created or the command gets run. Most methods are unsafe to
		450	call or deliver senseless data, as terminal size and other characteristics
		451	have not yet been determined. You can safely query and change resources
		452	and options, though. For many purposes the C<on_start> hook is a better
		453	place.
		454
		455	=item on_start $term
		456
		457	Called at the very end of initialisation of a new terminal, just before
		458	trying to map (display) the toplevel and returning to the main loop.
		459
		460	=item on_destroy $term
		461
		462	Called whenever something tries to destroy terminal, when the terminal is
		463	still fully functional (not for long, though).
107		464
108	=item on_reset $term	465	=item on_reset $term
109		466
110	Called after the screen is "reset" for any reason, such as resizing or	467	Called after the screen is "reset" for any reason, such as resizing or
111	control sequences. Here is where you can react on changes to size-related	468	control sequences. Here is where you can react on changes to size-related
112	variables.	469	variables.
113		470
114	=item on_start $term	471	=item on_child_start $term, $pid
115		472
116	Called at the very end of initialisation of a new terminal, just before	473	Called just after the child process has been C<fork>ed.
117	returning to the mainloop.	474
		475	=item on_child_exit $term, $status
		476
		477	Called just after the child process has exited. C<$status> is the status
		478	from C<waitpid>.
118		479
119	=item on_sel_make $term, $eventtime	480	=item on_sel_make $term, $eventtime
120		481
121	Called whenever a selection has been made by the user, but before the	482	Called whenever a selection has been made by the user, but before the
122	selection text is copied, so changes to the beginning, end or type of the	483	selection text is copied, so changes to the beginning, end or type of the
…		…
129		490
130	Called whenever a selection has been copied, but before the selection is	491	Called whenever a selection has been copied, but before the selection is
131	requested from the server. The selection text can be queried and changed	492	requested from the server. The selection text can be queried and changed
132	by calling C<< $term->selection >>.	493	by calling C<< $term->selection >>.
133		494
134	Returning a true value aborts selection grabbing. It will still be hilighted.	495	Returning a true value aborts selection grabbing. It will still be highlighted.
135		496
136	=item on_sel_extend $term	497	=item on_sel_extend $term
137		498
138	Called whenever the user tries to extend the selection (e.g. with a double	499	Called whenever the user tries to extend the selection (e.g. with a double
139	click) and is either supposed to return false (normal operation), or	500	click) and is either supposed to return false (normal operation), or
140	should extend the selection itelf and return true to suppress the built-in	501	should extend the selection itself and return true to suppress the built-in
141	processing.	502	processing. This can happen multiple times, as long as the callback
		503	returns true, it will be called on every further click by the user and is
		504	supposed to enlarge the selection more and more, if possible.
142		505
143	See the F<selection> example extension.	506	See the F<selection> example extension.
144		507
145	=item on_focus_in $term
146
147	Called whenever the window gets the keyboard focus, before urxvt does
148	focus in processing.
149
150	=item on_focus_out $term
151
152	Called wheneever the window loses keyboard focus, before urxvt does focus
153	out processing.
154
155	=item on_view_change $term, $offset	508	=item on_view_change $term, $offset
156		509
157	Called whenever the view offset changes, i..e the user or program	510	Called whenever the view offset changes, i.e. the user or program
158	scrolls. Offset C<0> means display the normal terminal, positive values	511	scrolls. Offset C<0> means display the normal terminal, positive values
159	show this many lines of scrollback.	512	show this many lines of scrollback.
160		513
161	=item on_scroll_back $term, $lines, $saved	514	=item on_scroll_back $term, $lines, $saved
162		515
…		…
166		519
167	It is called before lines are scrolled out (so rows 0 .. min ($lines - 1,	520	It is called before lines are scrolled out (so rows 0 .. min ($lines - 1,
168	$nrow - 1) represent the lines to be scrolled out). C<$saved> is the total	521	$nrow - 1) represent the lines to be scrolled out). C<$saved> is the total
169	number of lines that will be in the scrollback buffer.	522	number of lines that will be in the scrollback buffer.
170		523
171	=item on_tty_activity $term *NYI*	524	=item on_osc_seq $term, $op, $args
172		525
173	Called whenever the program(s) running in the urxvt window send output.	526	Called on every OSC sequence and can be used to suppress it or modify its
		527	behaviour. The default should be to return an empty list. A true value
		528	suppresses execution of the request completely. Make sure you don't get
		529	confused by recursive invocations when you output an osc sequence within
		530	this callback.
		531
		532	C<on_osc_seq_perl> should be used for new behaviour.
		533
		534	=item on_osc_seq_perl $term, $string
		535
		536	Called whenever the B<ESC ] 777 ; string ST> command sequence (OSC =
		537	operating system command) is processed. Cursor position and other state
		538	information is up-to-date when this happens. For interoperability, the
		539	string should start with the extension name and a colon, to distinguish
		540	it from commands for other extensions, and this might be enforced in the
		541	future.
		542
		543	Be careful not ever to trust (in a security sense) the data you receive,
		544	as its source can not easily be controlled (e-mail content, messages from
		545	other users on the same system etc.).
		546
		547	=item on_add_lines $term, $string
		548
		549	Called whenever text is about to be output, with the text as argument. You
		550	can filter/change and output the text yourself by returning a true value
		551	and calling C<< $term->scr_add_lines >> yourself. Please note that this
		552	might be very slow, however, as your hook is called for B<all> text being
		553	output.
		554
		555	=item on_tt_write $term, $octets
		556
		557	Called whenever some data is written to the tty/pty and can be used to
		558	suppress or filter tty input.
		559
		560	=item on_line_update $term, $row
		561
		562	Called whenever a line was updated or changed. Can be used to filter
		563	screen output (e.g. underline urls or other useless stuff). Only lines
		564	that are being shown will be filtered, and, due to performance reasons,
		565	not always immediately.
		566
		567	The row number is always the topmost row of the line if the line spans
		568	multiple rows.
		569
		570	Please note that, if you change the line, then the hook might get called
		571	later with the already-modified line (e.g. if unrelated parts change), so
		572	you cannot just toggle rendition bits, but only set them.
174		573
175	=item on_refresh_begin $term	574	=item on_refresh_begin $term
176		575
177	Called just before the screen gets redrawn. Can be used for overlay	576	Called just before the screen gets redrawn. Can be used for overlay
178	or similar effects by modify terminal contents in refresh_begin, and	577	or similar effects by modify terminal contents in refresh_begin, and
…		…
181		580
182	=item on_refresh_end $term	581	=item on_refresh_end $term
183		582
184	Called just after the screen gets redrawn. See C<on_refresh_begin>.	583	Called just after the screen gets redrawn. See C<on_refresh_begin>.
185		584
186	=item on_keyboard_command $term, $string	585	=item on_user_command $term, $string
187		586
188	Called whenever the user presses a key combination that has a	587	Called whenever a user-configured event is being activated (e.g. via
189	C<perl:string> action bound to it (see description of the B<keysym>	588	a C<perl:string> action bound to a key, see description of the B<keysym>
190	resource in the @@RXVT_NAME@@(1) manpage).	589	resource in the @@RXVT_NAME@@(1) manpage).
191		590
		591	The event is simply the action string. This interface is assumed to change
		592	slightly in the future.
		593
		594	=item on_resize_all_windows $tern, $new_width, $new_height
		595
		596	Called just after the new window size has been calculated, but before
		597	windows are actually being resized or hints are being set. If this hook
		598	returns TRUE, setting of the window hints is being skipped.
		599
		600	=item on_x_event $term, $event
		601
		602	Called on every X event received on the vt window (and possibly other
		603	windows). Should only be used as a last resort. Most event structure
		604	members are not passed.
		605
		606	=item on_root_event $term, $event
		607
		608	Like C<on_x_event>, but is called for events on the root window.
		609
		610	=item on_focus_in $term
		611
		612	Called whenever the window gets the keyboard focus, before rxvt-unicode
		613	does focus in processing.
		614
		615	=item on_focus_out $term
		616
		617	Called whenever the window loses keyboard focus, before rxvt-unicode does
		618	focus out processing.
		619
		620	=item on_configure_notify $term, $event
		621
		622	=item on_property_notify $term, $event
		623
		624	=item on_key_press $term, $event, $keysym, $octets
		625
		626	=item on_key_release $term, $event, $keysym
		627
		628	=item on_button_press $term, $event
		629
		630	=item on_button_release $term, $event
		631
		632	=item on_motion_notify $term, $event
		633
		634	=item on_map_notify $term, $event
		635
		636	=item on_unmap_notify $term, $event
		637
		638	Called whenever the corresponding X event is received for the terminal If
		639	the hook returns true, then the even will be ignored by rxvt-unicode.
		640
		641	The event is a hash with most values as named by Xlib (see the XEvent
		642	manpage), with the additional members C<row> and C<col>, which are the
		643	(real, not screen-based) row and column under the mouse cursor.
		644
		645	C<on_key_press> additionally receives the string rxvt-unicode would
		646	output, if any, in locale-specific encoding.
		647
		648	subwindow.
		649
		650	=item on_client_message $term, $event
		651
		652	=item on_wm_protocols $term, $event
		653
		654	=item on_wm_delete_window $term, $event
		655
		656	Called when various types of ClientMessage events are received (all with
		657	format=32, WM_PROTOCOLS or WM_PROTOCOLS:WM_DELETE_WINDOW).
		658
192	=back	659	=back
193		660
		661	=cut
		662
		663	package urxvt;
		664
		665	use utf8;
		666	use strict;
		667	use Carp ();
		668	use Scalar::Util ();
		669	use List::Util ();
		670
		671	our $VERSION = 1;
		672	our $TERM;
		673	our @TERM_INIT;
		674	our @TERM_EXT;
		675	our @HOOKNAME;
		676	our %HOOKTYPE = map +($HOOKNAME[$_] => $_), 0..$#HOOKNAME;
		677	our %OPTION;
		678
		679	our $LIBDIR;
		680	our $RESNAME;
		681	our $RESCLASS;
		682	our $RXVTNAME;
		683
		684	our $NOCHAR = chr 0xffff;
		685
194	=head2 Variables in the C<urxvt> Package	686	=head2 Variables in the C<urxvt> Package
195		687
196	=over 4	688	=over 4
197		689
		690	=item $urxvt::LIBDIR
		691
		692	The rxvt-unicode library directory, where, among other things, the perl
		693	modules and scripts are stored.
		694
		695	=item $urxvt::RESCLASS, $urxvt::RESCLASS
		696
		697	The resource class and name rxvt-unicode uses to look up X resources.
		698
		699	=item $urxvt::RXVTNAME
		700
		701	The basename of the installed binaries, usually C<urxvt>.
		702
198	=item $urxvt::TERM	703	=item $urxvt::TERM
199		704
200	The current terminal. Whenever a callback/Hook is bein executed, this	705	The current terminal. This variable stores the current C<urxvt::term>
201	variable stores the current C<urxvt::term> object.	706	object, whenever a callback/hook is executing.
		707
		708	=item @urxvt::TERM_INIT
		709
		710	All code references in this array will be called as methods of the next newly
		711	created C<urxvt::term> object (during the C<on_init> phase). The array
		712	gets cleared before the code references that were in it are being executed,
		713	so references can push themselves onto it again if they so desire.
		714
		715	This complements to the perl-eval command line option, but gets executed
		716	first.
		717
		718	=item @urxvt::TERM_EXT
		719
		720	Works similar to C<@TERM_INIT>, but contains perl package/class names, which
		721	get registered as normal extensions after calling the hooks in C<@TERM_INIT>
		722	but before other extensions. Gets cleared just like C<@TERM_INIT>.
202		723
203	=back	724	=back
204		725
205	=head2 Functions in the C<urxvt> Package	726	=head2 Functions in the C<urxvt> Package
206		727
…		…
219	that calls this function.	740	that calls this function.
220		741
221	Using this function has the advantage that its output ends up in the	742	Using this function has the advantage that its output ends up in the
222	correct place, e.g. on stderr of the connecting urxvtc client.	743	correct place, e.g. on stderr of the connecting urxvtc client.
223		744
		745	Messages have a size limit of 1023 bytes currently.
		746
		747	=item @terms = urxvt::termlist
		748
		749	Returns all urxvt::term objects that exist in this process, regardless of
		750	whether they are started, being destroyed etc., so be careful. Only term
		751	objects that have perl extensions attached will be returned (because there
		752	is no urxvt::term objet associated with others).
		753
224	=item $time = urxvt::NOW	754	=item $time = urxvt::NOW
225		755
226	Returns the "current time" (as per the event loop).	756	Returns the "current time" (as per the event loop).
		757
		758	=item urxvt::CurrentTime
		759
		760	=item urxvt::ShiftMask, LockMask, ControlMask, Mod1Mask, Mod2Mask,
		761	Mod3Mask, Mod4Mask, Mod5Mask, Button1Mask, Button2Mask, Button3Mask,
		762	Button4Mask, Button5Mask, AnyModifier
		763
		764	=item urxvt::NoEventMask, KeyPressMask, KeyReleaseMask,
		765	ButtonPressMask, ButtonReleaseMask, EnterWindowMask, LeaveWindowMask,
		766	PointerMotionMask, PointerMotionHintMask, Button1MotionMask, Button2MotionMask,
		767	Button3MotionMask, Button4MotionMask, Button5MotionMask, ButtonMotionMask,
		768	KeymapStateMask, ExposureMask, VisibilityChangeMask, StructureNotifyMask,
		769	ResizeRedirectMask, SubstructureNotifyMask, SubstructureRedirectMask,
		770	FocusChangeMask, PropertyChangeMask, ColormapChangeMask, OwnerGrabButtonMask
		771
		772	=item urxvt::KeyPress, KeyRelease, ButtonPress, ButtonRelease, MotionNotify,
		773	EnterNotify, LeaveNotify, FocusIn, FocusOut, KeymapNotify, Expose,
		774	GraphicsExpose, NoExpose, VisibilityNotify, CreateNotify, DestroyNotify,
		775	UnmapNotify, MapNotify, MapRequest, ReparentNotify, ConfigureNotify,
		776	ConfigureRequest, GravityNotify, ResizeRequest, CirculateNotify,
		777	CirculateRequest, PropertyNotify, SelectionClear, SelectionRequest,
		778	SelectionNotify, ColormapNotify, ClientMessage, MappingNotify
		779
		780	Various constants for use in X calls and event processing.
227		781
228	=back	782	=back
229		783
230	=head2 RENDITION	784	=head2 RENDITION
231		785
…		…
258		812
259	=item $background = urxvt::GET_BASEBG $rend	813	=item $background = urxvt::GET_BASEBG $rend
260		814
261	Return the foreground/background colour index, respectively.	815	Return the foreground/background colour index, respectively.
262		816
263	=item $rend = urxvt::SET_FGCOLOR ($rend, $new_colour)	817	=item $rend = urxvt::SET_FGCOLOR $rend, $new_colour
264		818
265	=item $rend = urxvt::SET_BGCOLOR ($rend, $new_colour)	819	=item $rend = urxvt::SET_BGCOLOR $rend, $new_colour
		820
		821	=item $rend = urxvt::SET_COLOR $rend, $new_fg, $new_bg
266		822
267	Replace the foreground/background colour in the rendition mask with the	823	Replace the foreground/background colour in the rendition mask with the
268	specified one.	824	specified one.
269		825
270	=item $value = urxvt::GET_CUSTOM ($rend)	826	=item $value = urxvt::GET_CUSTOM $rend
271		827
272	Return the "custom" value: Every rendition has 5 bits for use by	828	Return the "custom" value: Every rendition has 5 bits for use by
273	extensions. They can be set and changed as you like and are initially	829	extensions. They can be set and changed as you like and are initially
274	zero.	830	zero.
275		831
276	=item $rend = urxvt::SET_CUSTOM ($rend, $new_value)	832	=item $rend = urxvt::SET_CUSTOM $rend, $new_value
277		833
278	Change the custom value.	834	Change the custom value.
279		835
280	=back	836	=back
281		837
282	=cut	838	=cut
283		839
284	package urxvt;
285
286	use strict;
287	use Scalar::Util ();
288
289	our $TERM;
290	our @HOOKNAME;
291	our $LIBDIR;
292
293	BEGIN {	840	BEGIN {
294	urxvt->bootstrap;
295
296	# overwrite perl's warn	841	# overwrite perl's warn
297	*CORE::GLOBAL::warn = sub {	842	*CORE::GLOBAL::warn = sub {
298	my $msg = join "", @_;	843	my $msg = join "", @_;
299	$msg .= "\n"	844	$msg .= "\n"
300	unless $msg =~ /\n$/;	845	unless $msg =~ /\n$/;
301	urxvt::warn ($msg);	846	urxvt::warn ($msg);
302	};	847	};
303	}	848	}
304		849
305	my @hook_count;	850	no warnings 'utf8';
		851
306	my $verbosity = $ENV{URXVT_PERL_VERBOSITY};	852	my $verbosity = $ENV{URXVT_PERL_VERBOSITY};
307		853
308	sub verbose {	854	sub verbose {
309	my ($level, $msg) = @_;	855	my ($level, $msg) = @_;
310	warn "$msg\n" if $level <= $verbosity;	856	warn "$msg\n" if $level <= $verbosity;
311	}	857	}
312		858
313	# find on_xxx subs in the package and register them	859	my %extension_pkg;
314	# as hooks
315	sub register_package($) {
316	my ($pkg) = @_;
317
318	for my $htype (0.. $#HOOKNAME) {
319	my $name = $HOOKNAME[$htype];
320
321	my $ref = $pkg->can ("on_" . lc $name)
322	or next;
323
324	$TERM->{_hook}[$htype]{$pkg} = $ref;
325	$hook_count[$htype]++
326	or set_should_invoke $htype, 1;
327	}
328	}
329
330	my $script_pkg = "script0000";
331	my %script_pkg;
332		860
333	# load a single script into its own package, once only	861	# load a single script into its own package, once only
334	sub script_package($) {	862	sub extension_package($) {
335	my ($path) = @_;	863	my ($path) = @_;
336		864
337	$script_pkg{$path} ||= do {	865	$extension_pkg{$path} ||= do {
338	my $pkg = "urxvt::" . ($script_pkg++);	866	$path =~ /([^\/\\]+)$/;
		867	my $pkg = $1;
		868	$pkg =~ s/[^[:word:]]/_/g;
		869	$pkg = "urxvt::ext::$pkg";
339		870
340	verbose 3, "loading script '$path' into package '$pkg'";	871	verbose 3, "loading extension '$path' into package '$pkg'";
341		872
342	open my $fh, "<:raw", $path	873	open my $fh, "<:raw", $path
343	or die "$path: $!";	874	or die "$path: $!";
344		875
345	my $source = "package $pkg; use strict; use utf8;\n"	876	my $source =
		877	"package $pkg; use strict; use utf8; no warnings 'utf8';\n"
346	. "#line 1 \"$path\"\n{\n"	878	. "#line 1 \"$path\"\n{\n"
347	. (do { local $/; <$fh> })	879	. (do { local $/; <$fh> })
348	. "\n};\n1";	880	. "\n};\n1";
349		881
		882	eval $source
350	eval $source or die "$path: $@";	883	or die "$path: $@";
351		884
352	$pkg	885	$pkg
353	}	886	}
354	}	887	}
		888
		889	our $retval; # return value for urxvt
355		890
356	# called by the rxvt core	891	# called by the rxvt core
357	sub invoke {	892	sub invoke {
358	local $TERM = shift;	893	local $TERM = shift;
359	my $htype = shift;	894	my $htype = shift;
360		895
361	if ($htype == 0) { # INIT	896	if ($htype == 0) { # INIT
362	my @dirs = ((split /:/, $TERM->resource ("perl_lib")), "$LIBDIR/perl");	897	my @dirs = ((split /:/, $TERM->resource ("perl_lib")), "$LIBDIR/perl");
		898
		899	my %ext_arg;
363		900
364	for my $ext (split /:/, $TERM->resource ("perl_ext")) {	901	{
		902	my @init = @TERM_INIT;
		903	@TERM_INIT = ();
		904	$_->($TERM) for @init;
		905	my @pkg = @TERM_EXT;
		906	@TERM_EXT = ();
		907	$TERM->register_package ($_) for @pkg;
		908	}
		909
		910	for (grep $_, map { split /,/, $TERM->resource ("perl_ext_$_") } 1, 2) {
		911	if ($_ eq "default") {
		912	$ext_arg{$_} ||= [] for qw(selection option-popup selection-popup searchable-scrollback readline);
		913	} elsif (/^-(.*)$/) {
		914	delete $ext_arg{$1};
		915	} elsif (/^([^<]+)<(.*)>$/) {
		916	push @{ $ext_arg{$1} }, $2;
		917	} else {
		918	$ext_arg{$_} ||= [];
		919	}
		920	}
		921
		922	for my $ext (sort keys %ext_arg) {
365	my @files = grep -f $_, map "$_/$ext", @dirs;	923	my @files = grep -f $_, map "$_/$ext", @dirs;
366		924
367	if (@files) {	925	if (@files) {
368	register_package script_package $files[0];	926	$TERM->register_package (extension_package $files[0], $ext_arg{$ext});
369	} else {	927	} else {
370	warn "perl extension '$ext' not found in perl library search path\n";	928	warn "perl extension '$ext' not found in perl library search path\n";
371	}	929	}
372	}	930	}
373		931
374	} elsif ($htype == 1) { # DESTROY	932	eval "#line 1 \"--perl-eval resource/argument\"\n" . $TERM->resource ("perl_eval");
		933	warn $@ if $@;
		934	}
		935
		936	$retval = undef;
		937
375	if (my $hook = $TERM->{_hook}) {	938	if (my $cb = $TERM->{_hook}[$htype]) {
376	for my $htype (0..$#$hook) {	939	verbose 10, "$HOOKNAME[$htype] (" . (join ", ", $TERM, @_) . ")"
377	$hook_count[$htype] -= scalar keys %{ $hook->[$htype] || {} }	940	if $verbosity >= 10;
378	or set_should_invoke $htype, 0;	941
		942	for my $pkg (keys %$cb) {
		943	my $retval_ = eval { $cb->{$pkg}->($TERM->{_pkg}{$pkg}, @_) };
		944	$retval ||= $retval_;
		945
		946	if ($@) {
		947	$TERM->ungrab; # better to lose the grab than the session
		948	warn $@;
379	}	949	}
380	}	950	}
		951
		952	verbose 11, "$HOOKNAME[$htype] returning <$retval>"
		953	if $verbosity >= 11;
381	}	954	}
382		955
383	my $cb = $TERM->{_hook}[$htype]	956	if ($htype == 1) { # DESTROY
384	or return;	957	# clear package objects
		958	%$_ = () for values %{ $TERM->{_pkg} };
385		959
386	verbose 10, "$HOOKNAME[$htype] (" . (join ", ", $TERM, @_) . ")"	960	# clear package
387	if $verbosity >= 10;	961	%$TERM = ();
388
389	keys %$cb;
390
391	while (my ($pkg, $cb) = each %$cb) {
392	return 1
393	if $cb->(
394	$TERM->{$pkg} ||= do {
395	my $proxy = bless { }, urxvt::term::proxy::;
396	Scalar::Util::weaken ($proxy->{term} = $TERM);
397	$proxy
398	},
399	@_,
400	);
401	}	962	}
402		963
		964	$retval
		965	}
		966
		967	sub SET_COLOR($$$) {
		968	SET_BGCOLOR (SET_FGCOLOR ($_[0], $_[1]), $_[2])
		969	}
		970
		971	# urxvt::term::extension
		972
		973	package urxvt::term::extension;
		974
		975	sub enable {
		976	my ($self, %hook) = @_;
		977	my $pkg = $self->{_pkg};
		978
		979	while (my ($name, $cb) = each %hook) {
		980	my $htype = $HOOKTYPE{uc $name};
		981	defined $htype
		982	or Carp::croak "unsupported hook type '$name'";
		983
		984	$self->set_should_invoke ($htype, +1)
		985	unless exists $self->{term}{_hook}[$htype]{$pkg};
		986
		987	$self->{term}{_hook}[$htype]{$pkg} = $cb;
403	0	988	}
404	}	989	}
405		990
406	sub urxvt::term::proxy::AUTOLOAD {	991	sub disable {
407	$urxvt::term::proxy::AUTOLOAD =~ /:([^:]+)$/	992	my ($self, @hook) = @_;
		993	my $pkg = $self->{_pkg};
		994
		995	for my $name (@hook) {
		996	my $htype = $HOOKTYPE{uc $name};
		997	defined $htype
		998	or Carp::croak "unsupported hook type '$name'";
		999
		1000	$self->set_should_invoke ($htype, -1)
		1001	if delete $self->{term}{_hook}[$htype]{$pkg};
		1002	}
		1003	}
		1004
		1005	our $AUTOLOAD;
		1006
		1007	sub AUTOLOAD {
		1008	$AUTOLOAD =~ /:([^:]+)$/
408	or die "FATAL: \$AUTOLOAD '$urxvt::term::proxy::AUTOLOAD' unparsable";	1009	or die "FATAL: \$AUTOLOAD '$AUTOLOAD' unparsable";
409		1010
410	eval qq{	1011	eval qq{
411	sub $urxvt::term::proxy::AUTOLOAD {	1012	sub $AUTOLOAD {
412	my \$proxy = shift;	1013	my \$proxy = shift;
413	\$proxy->{term}->$1 (\@_)	1014	\$proxy->{term}->$1 (\@_)
414	}	1015	}
415	1	1016	1
416	} or die "FATAL: unable to compile method forwarder: $@";	1017	} or die "FATAL: unable to compile method forwarder: $@";
417		1018
418	goto &$urxvt::term::proxy::AUTOLOAD;	1019	goto &$AUTOLOAD;
419	}	1020	}
		1021
		1022	sub DESTROY {
		1023	# nop
		1024	}
		1025
		1026	# urxvt::destroy_hook
		1027
		1028	sub urxvt::destroy_hook::DESTROY {
		1029	${$_[0]}->();
		1030	}
		1031
		1032	sub urxvt::destroy_hook(&) {
		1033	bless \shift, urxvt::destroy_hook::
		1034	}
		1035
		1036	package urxvt::anyevent;
		1037
		1038	=head2 The C<urxvt::anyevent> Class
		1039
		1040	The sole purpose of this class is to deliver an interface to the
		1041	C<AnyEvent> module - any module using it will work inside urxvt without
		1042	further programming. The only exception is that you cannot wait on
		1043	condition variables, but non-blocking condvar use is ok. What this means
		1044	is that you cannot use blocking APIs, but the non-blocking variant should
		1045	work.
		1046
		1047	=cut
		1048
		1049	our $VERSION = 1;
		1050
		1051	$INC{"urxvt/anyevent.pm"} = 1; # mark us as there
		1052	push @AnyEvent::REGISTRY, [urxvt => urxvt::anyevent::];
		1053
		1054	sub timer {
		1055	my ($class, %arg) = @_;
		1056
		1057	my $cb = $arg{cb};
		1058
		1059	urxvt::timer
		1060	->new
		1061	->start (urxvt::NOW + $arg{after})
		1062	->cb (sub {
		1063	$_[0]->stop; # need to cancel manually
		1064	$cb->();
		1065	})
		1066	}
		1067
		1068	sub io {
		1069	my ($class, %arg) = @_;
		1070
		1071	my $cb = $arg{cb};
		1072
		1073	bless [$arg{fh}, urxvt::iow
		1074	->new
		1075	->fd (fileno $arg{fh})
		1076	->events (($arg{poll} =~ /r/ ? 1 : 0)
		1077	| ($arg{poll} =~ /w/ ? 2 : 0))
		1078	->start
		1079	->cb (sub {
		1080	$cb->(($_[1] & 1 ? 'r' : '')
		1081	. ($_[1] & 2 ? 'w' : ''));
		1082	})],
		1083	urxvt::anyevent::
		1084	}
		1085
		1086	sub DESTROY {
		1087	$_[0][1]->stop;
		1088	}
		1089
		1090	sub condvar {
		1091	bless \my $flag, urxvt::anyevent::condvar::
		1092	}
		1093
		1094	sub urxvt::anyevent::condvar::broadcast {
		1095	${$_[0]}++;
		1096	}
		1097
		1098	sub urxvt::anyevent::condvar::wait {
		1099	unless (${$_[0]}) {
		1100	Carp::croak "AnyEvent->condvar blocking wait unsupported in urxvt, use a non-blocking API";
		1101	}
		1102	}
		1103
		1104	package urxvt::term;
420		1105
421	=head2 The C<urxvt::term> Class	1106	=head2 The C<urxvt::term> Class
422		1107
423	=over 4	1108	=over 4
		1109
		1110	=cut
		1111
		1112	# find on_xxx subs in the package and register them
		1113	# as hooks
		1114	sub register_package {
		1115	my ($self, $pkg, $argv) = @_;
		1116
		1117	no strict 'refs';
		1118
		1119	urxvt::verbose 6, "register package $pkg to $self";
		1120
		1121	@{"$pkg\::ISA"} = urxvt::term::extension::;
		1122
		1123	my $proxy = bless {
		1124	_pkg => $pkg,
		1125	argv => $argv,
		1126	}, $pkg;
		1127	Scalar::Util::weaken ($proxy->{term} = $self);
		1128
		1129	$self->{_pkg}{$pkg} = $proxy;
		1130
		1131	for my $name (@HOOKNAME) {
		1132	if (my $ref = $pkg->can ("on_" . lc $name)) {
		1133	$proxy->enable ($name => $ref);
		1134	}
		1135	}
		1136	}
		1137
		1138	=item $term = new urxvt::term $envhashref, $rxvtname, [arg...]
		1139
		1140	Creates a new terminal, very similar as if you had started it with system
		1141	C<$rxvtname, arg...>. C<$envhashref> must be a reference to a C<%ENV>-like
		1142	hash which defines the environment of the new terminal.
		1143
		1144	Croaks (and probably outputs an error message) if the new instance
		1145	couldn't be created. Returns C<undef> if the new instance didn't
		1146	initialise perl, and the terminal object otherwise. The C<init> and
		1147	C<start> hooks will be called before this call returns, and are free to
		1148	refer to global data (which is race free).
		1149
		1150	=cut
		1151
		1152	sub new {
		1153	my ($class, $env, @args) = @_;
		1154
		1155	$env or Carp::croak "environment hash missing in call to urxvt::term->new";
		1156	@args or Carp::croak "name argument missing in call to urxvt::term->new";
		1157
		1158	_new ([ map "$_=$env->{$_}", keys %$env ], \@args);
		1159	}
		1160
		1161	=item $term->destroy
		1162
		1163	Destroy the terminal object (close the window, free resources
		1164	etc.). Please note that @@RXVT_NAME@@ will not exit as long as any event
		1165	watchers (timers, io watchers) are still active.
		1166
		1167	=item $term->exec_async ($cmd[, @args])
		1168
		1169	Works like the combination of the C<fork>/C<exec> builtins, which executes
		1170	("starts") programs in the background. This function takes care of setting
		1171	the user environment before exec'ing the command (e.g. C<PATH>) and should
		1172	be preferred over explicit calls to C<exec> or C<system>.
		1173
		1174	Returns the pid of the subprocess or C<undef> on error.
		1175
		1176	=cut
		1177
		1178	sub exec_async {
		1179	my $self = shift;
		1180
		1181	my $pid = fork;
		1182
		1183	return $pid
		1184	if !defined $pid or $pid;
		1185
		1186	%ENV = %{ $self->env };
		1187
		1188	exec @_;
		1189	urxvt::_exit 255;
		1190	}
		1191
		1192	=item $isset = $term->option ($optval[, $set])
		1193
		1194	Returns true if the option specified by C<$optval> is enabled, and
		1195	optionally change it. All option values are stored by name in the hash
		1196	C<%urxvt::OPTION>. Options not enabled in this binary are not in the hash.
		1197
		1198	Here is a likely non-exhaustive list of option names, please see the
		1199	source file F</src/optinc.h> to see the actual list:
		1200
		1201	borderLess console cursorBlink cursorUnderline hold iconic insecure
		1202	intensityStyles jumpScroll loginShell mapAlert meta8 mouseWheelScrollPage
		1203	override-redirect pastableTabs pointerBlank reverseVideo scrollBar
		1204	scrollBar_floating scrollBar_right scrollTtyKeypress scrollTtyOutput
		1205	scrollWithBuffer secondaryScreen secondaryScroll skipBuiltinGlyphs
		1206	transparent tripleclickwords utmpInhibit visualBell
424		1207
425	=item $value = $term->resource ($name[, $newval])	1208	=item $value = $term->resource ($name[, $newval])
426		1209
427	Returns the current resource value associated with a given name and	1210	Returns the current resource value associated with a given name and
428	optionally sets a new value. Setting values is most useful in the C<init>	1211	optionally sets a new value. Setting values is most useful in the C<init>
…		…
437	likely change).	1220	likely change).
438		1221
439	Please note that resource strings will currently only be freed when the	1222	Please note that resource strings will currently only be freed when the
440	terminal is destroyed, so changing options frequently will eat memory.	1223	terminal is destroyed, so changing options frequently will eat memory.
441		1224
442	Here is a a likely non-exhaustive list of resource names, not all of which	1225	Here is a likely non-exhaustive list of resource names, not all of which
443	are supported in every build, please see the source to see the actual	1226	are supported in every build, please see the source file F</src/rsinc.h>
444	list:	1227	to see the actual list:
445		1228
446	answerbackstring backgroundPixmap backspace_key boldFont boldItalicFont	1229	answerbackstring backgroundPixmap backspace_key boldFont boldItalicFont
447	borderLess color cursorBlink cursorUnderline cutchars delete_key	1230	borderLess color cursorBlink cursorUnderline cutchars delete_key
448	display_name embed ext_bwidth fade font geometry hold iconName	1231	display_name embed ext_bwidth fade font geometry hold iconName
449	imFont imLocale inputMethod insecure int_bwidth intensityStyles	1232	imFont imLocale inputMethod insecure int_bwidth intensityStyles
450	italicFont jumpScroll lineSpace loginShell mapAlert menu meta8 modifier	1233	italicFont jumpScroll lineSpace loginShell mapAlert meta8 modifier
451	mouseWheelScrollPage name pastableTabs path perl_eval perl_ext	1234	mouseWheelScrollPage name override_redirect pastableTabs path perl_eval
452	perl_lib pointerBlank pointerBlankDelay preeditType print_pipe pty_fd	1235	perl_ext_1 perl_ext_2 perl_lib pointerBlank pointerBlankDelay
453	reverseVideo saveLines scrollBar scrollBar_align scrollBar_floating	1236	preeditType print_pipe pty_fd reverseVideo saveLines scrollBar
454	scrollBar_right scrollBar_thickness scrollTtyKeypress scrollTtyOutput	1237	scrollBar_align scrollBar_floating scrollBar_right scrollBar_thickness
455	scrollWithBuffer scrollstyle secondaryScreen secondaryScroll selectstyle	1238	scrollTtyKeypress scrollTtyOutput scrollWithBuffer scrollstyle
456	shade term_name title transparent transparent_all tripleclickwords	1239	secondaryScreen secondaryScroll selectstyle shade term_name title
457	utmpInhibit visualBell	1240	transient_for transparent transparent_all tripleclickwords utmpInhibit
		1241	visualBell
458		1242
459	=cut	1243	=cut
460		1244
461	sub urxvt::term::resource($$;$) {	1245	sub resource($$;$) {
462	my ($self, $name) = (shift, shift);	1246	my ($self, $name) = (shift, shift);
463	unshift @_, $self, $name, ($name =~ s/\s*\+\s*(\d+)$// ? $1 : 0);	1247	unshift @_, $self, $name, ($name =~ s/\s*\+\s*(\d+)$// ? $1 : 0);
464	goto &urxvt::term::_resource;	1248	&urxvt::term::_resource
465	}	1249	}
		1250
		1251	=item $value = $term->x_resource ($pattern)
		1252
		1253	Returns the X-Resource for the given pattern, excluding the program or
		1254	class name, i.e. C<< $term->x_resource ("boldFont") >> should return the
		1255	same value as used by this instance of rxvt-unicode. Returns C<undef> if no
		1256	resource with that pattern exists.
		1257
		1258	This method should only be called during the C<on_start> hook, as there is
		1259	only one resource database per display, and later invocations might return
		1260	the wrong resources.
		1261
		1262	=item $success = $term->parse_keysym ($keysym_spec, $command_string)
		1263
		1264	Adds a keymap translation exactly as specified via a resource. See the
		1265	C<keysym> resource in the @@RXVT_NAME@@(1) manpage.
		1266
		1267	=item $rend = $term->rstyle ([$new_rstyle])
		1268
		1269	Return and optionally change the current rendition. Text that is output by
		1270	the terminal application will use this style.
		1271
		1272	=item ($row, $col) = $term->screen_cur ([$row, $col])
		1273
		1274	Return the current coordinates of the text cursor position and optionally
		1275	set it (which is usually bad as applications don't expect that).
466		1276
467	=item ($row, $col) = $term->selection_mark ([$row, $col])	1277	=item ($row, $col) = $term->selection_mark ([$row, $col])
468		1278
469	=item ($row, $col) = $term->selection_beg ([$row, $col])	1279	=item ($row, $col) = $term->selection_beg ([$row, $col])
470		1280
471	=item ($row, $col) = $term->selection_end ([$row, $col])	1281	=item ($row, $col) = $term->selection_end ([$row, $col])
472		1282
473	Return the current values of the selection mark, begin or end positions,	1283	Return the current values of the selection mark, begin or end positions,
474	and optionally set them to new values.	1284	and optionally set them to new values.
475		1285
		1286	=item $term->selection_make ($eventtime[, $rectangular])
		1287
		1288	Tries to make a selection as set by C<selection_beg> and
		1289	C<selection_end>. If C<$rectangular> is true (default: false), a
		1290	rectangular selection will be made. This is the prefered function to make
		1291	a selection.
		1292
476	=item $success = $term->selection_grab ($eventtime)	1293	=item $success = $term->selection_grab ($eventtime)
477		1294
478	Try to request the primary selection from the server (for example, as set	1295	Try to request the primary selection text from the server (for example, as
479	by the next method).	1296	set by the next method). No visual feedback will be given. This function
		1297	is mostly useful from within C<on_sel_grab> hooks.
480		1298
481	=item $oldtext = $term->selection ([$newtext])	1299	=item $oldtext = $term->selection ([$newtext])
482		1300
483	Return the current selection text and optionally replace it by C<$newtext>.	1301	Return the current selection text and optionally replace it by C<$newtext>.
484		1302
485	#=item $term->overlay ($x, $y, $text)	1303	=item $term->overlay_simple ($x, $y, $text)
486	#	1304
487	#Create a simple multi-line overlay box. See the next method for details.	1305	Create a simple multi-line overlay box. See the next method for details.
488	#	1306
489	#=cut	1307	=cut
490		1308
491	sub urxvt::term::scr_overlay {	1309	sub overlay_simple {
492	die;
493	my ($self, $x, $y, $text) = @_;	1310	my ($self, $x, $y, $text) = @_;
494		1311
495	my @lines = split /\n/, $text;	1312	my @lines = split /\n/, $text;
496		1313
497	my $w = 0;	1314	my $w = List::Util::max map $self->strwidth ($_), @lines;
498	for (map $self->strwidth ($_), @lines) {
499	$w = $_ if $w < $_;
500	}
501		1315
502	$self->scr_overlay_new ($x, $y, $w, scalar @lines);	1316	my $overlay = $self->overlay ($x, $y, $w, scalar @lines);
503	$self->scr_overlay_set (0, $_, $lines[$_]) for 0.. $#lines;	1317	$overlay->set (0, $_, $lines[$_]) for 0.. $#lines;
		1318
		1319	$overlay
504	}	1320	}
505		1321
506	=item $term->overlay ($x, $y, $width, $height[, $rstyle[, $border]])	1322	=item $term->overlay ($x, $y, $width, $height[, $rstyle[, $border]])
507		1323
508	Create a new (empty) overlay at the given position with the given	1324	Create a new (empty) overlay at the given position with the given
…		…
536		1352
537	If hidden, display the overlay again.	1353	If hidden, display the overlay again.
538		1354
539	=back	1355	=back
540		1356
		1357	=item $popup = $term->popup ($event)
		1358
		1359	Creates a new C<urxvt::popup> object that implements a popup menu. The
		1360	C<$event> I<must> be the event causing the menu to pop up (a button event,
		1361	currently).
		1362
		1363	=cut
		1364
		1365	sub popup {
		1366	my ($self, $event) = @_;
		1367
		1368	$self->grab ($event->{time}, 1)
		1369	or return;
		1370
		1371	my $popup = bless {
		1372	term => $self,
		1373	event => $event,
		1374	}, urxvt::popup::;
		1375
		1376	Scalar::Util::weaken $popup->{term};
		1377
		1378	$self->{_destroy}{$popup} = urxvt::destroy_hook { $popup->{popup}->destroy };
		1379	Scalar::Util::weaken $self->{_destroy}{$popup};
		1380
		1381	$popup
		1382	}
		1383
541	=item $cellwidth = $term->strwidth $string	1384	=item $cellwidth = $term->strwidth ($string)
542		1385
543	Returns the number of screen-cells this string would need. Correctly	1386	Returns the number of screen-cells this string would need. Correctly
544	accounts for wide and combining characters.	1387	accounts for wide and combining characters.
545		1388
546	=item $octets = $term->locale_encode $string	1389	=item $octets = $term->locale_encode ($string)
547		1390
548	Convert the given text string into the corresponding locale encoding.	1391	Convert the given text string into the corresponding locale encoding.
549		1392
550	=item $string = $term->locale_decode $octets	1393	=item $string = $term->locale_decode ($octets)
551		1394
552	Convert the given locale-encoded octets into a perl string.	1395	Convert the given locale-encoded octets into a perl string.
		1396
		1397	=item $term->scr_xor_span ($beg_row, $beg_col, $end_row, $end_col[, $rstyle])
		1398
		1399	XORs the rendition values in the given span with the provided value
		1400	(default: C<RS_RVid>), which I<MUST NOT> contain font styles. Useful in
		1401	refresh hooks to provide effects similar to the selection.
		1402
		1403	=item $term->scr_xor_rect ($beg_row, $beg_col, $end_row, $end_col[, $rstyle1[, $rstyle2]])
		1404
		1405	Similar to C<scr_xor_span>, but xors a rectangle instead. Trailing
		1406	whitespace will additionally be xored with the C<$rstyle2>, which defaults
		1407	to C<RS_RVid | RS_Uline>, which removes reverse video again and underlines
		1408	it instead. Both styles I<MUST NOT> contain font styles.
		1409
		1410	=item $term->scr_bell
		1411
		1412	Ring the bell!
		1413
		1414	=item $term->scr_add_lines ($string)
		1415
		1416	Write the given text string to the screen, as if output by the application
		1417	running inside the terminal. It may not contain command sequences (escape
		1418	codes), but is free to use line feeds, carriage returns and tabs. The
		1419	string is a normal text string, not in locale-dependent encoding.
		1420
		1421	Normally its not a good idea to use this function, as programs might be
		1422	confused by changes in cursor position or scrolling. Its useful inside a
		1423	C<on_add_lines> hook, though.
		1424
		1425	=item $term->scr_change_screen ($screen)
		1426
		1427	Switch to given screen - 0 primary, 1 secondary.
		1428
		1429	=item $term->cmd_parse ($octets)
		1430
		1431	Similar to C<scr_add_lines>, but the argument must be in the
		1432	locale-specific encoding of the terminal and can contain command sequences
		1433	(escape codes) that will be interpreted.
553		1434
554	=item $term->tt_write ($octets)	1435	=item $term->tt_write ($octets)
555		1436
556	Write the octets given in C<$data> to the tty (i.e. as program input). To	1437	Write the octets given in C<$data> to the tty (i.e. as program input). To
557	pass characters instead of octets, you should convert your strings first	1438	pass characters instead of octets, you should convert your strings first
558	to the locale-specific encoding using C<< $term->locale_encode >>.	1439	to the locale-specific encoding using C<< $term->locale_encode >>.
559		1440
		1441	=item $old_events = $term->pty_ev_events ([$new_events])
		1442
		1443	Replaces the event mask of the pty watcher by the given event mask. Can
		1444	be used to suppress input and output handling to the pty/tty. See the
		1445	description of C<< urxvt::timer->events >>. Make sure to always restore
		1446	the previous value.
		1447
		1448	=item $fd = $term->pty_fd
		1449
		1450	Returns the master file descriptor for the pty in use, or C<-1> if no pty
		1451	is used.
		1452
		1453	=item $windowid = $term->parent
		1454
		1455	Return the window id of the toplevel window.
		1456
		1457	=item $windowid = $term->vt
		1458
		1459	Return the window id of the terminal window.
		1460
		1461	=item $term->vt_emask_add ($x_event_mask)
		1462
		1463	Adds the specified events to the vt event mask. Useful e.g. when you want
		1464	to receive pointer events all the times:
		1465
		1466	$term->vt_emask_add (urxvt::PointerMotionMask);
		1467
		1468	=item $term->focus_in
		1469
		1470	=item $term->focus_out
		1471
		1472	=item $term->key_press ($state, $keycode[, $time])
		1473
		1474	=item $term->key_release ($state, $keycode[, $time])
		1475
		1476	Deliver various fake events to to terminal.
		1477
		1478	=item $window_width = $term->width
		1479
		1480	=item $window_height = $term->height
		1481
		1482	=item $font_width = $term->fwidth
		1483
		1484	=item $font_height = $term->fheight
		1485
		1486	=item $font_ascent = $term->fbase
		1487
560	=item $nrow = $term->nrow	1488	=item $terminal_rows = $term->nrow
561		1489
562	=item $ncol = $term->ncol	1490	=item $terminal_columns = $term->ncol
563		1491
564	Return the number of rows/columns of the terminal window (i.e. as	1492	=item $has_focus = $term->focus
565	specified by C<-geometry>, excluding any scrollback).
566		1493
		1494	=item $is_mapped = $term->mapped
		1495
		1496	=item $max_scrollback = $term->saveLines
		1497
		1498	=item $nrow_plus_saveLines = $term->total_rows
		1499
		1500	=item $topmost_scrollback_row = $term->top_row
		1501
		1502	Return various integers describing terminal characteristics.
		1503
		1504	=item $x_display = $term->display_id
		1505
		1506	Return the DISPLAY used by rxvt-unicode.
		1507
		1508	=item $lc_ctype = $term->locale
		1509
		1510	Returns the LC_CTYPE category string used by this rxvt-unicode.
		1511
567	=item $nsaved = $term->nsaved	1512	=item $env = $term->env
568		1513
569	Returns the number of lines in the scrollback buffer.	1514	Returns a copy of the environment in effect for the terminal as a hashref
		1515	similar to C<\%ENV>.
		1516
		1517	=item @envv = $term->envv
		1518
		1519	Returns the environment as array of strings of the form C<VAR=VALUE>.
		1520
		1521	=item @argv = $term->argv
		1522
		1523	Return the argument vector as this terminal, similar to @ARGV, but
		1524	includes the program name as first element.
		1525
		1526	=cut
		1527
		1528	sub env {
		1529	+{ map /^([^=]+)(?:=(.*))?$/s && ($1 => $2), $_[0]->envv }
		1530	}
		1531
		1532	=item $modifiermask = $term->ModLevel3Mask
		1533
		1534	=item $modifiermask = $term->ModMetaMask
		1535
		1536	=item $modifiermask = $term->ModNumLockMask
		1537
		1538	Return the modifier masks corresponding to the "ISO Level 3 Shift" (often
		1539	AltGr), the meta key (often Alt) and the num lock key, if applicable.
		1540
		1541	=item $screen = $term->current_screen
		1542
		1543	Returns the currently displayed screen (0 primary, 1 secondary).
		1544
		1545	=item $cursor_is_hidden = $term->hidden_cursor
		1546
		1547	Returns whether the cursor is currently hidden or not.
570		1548
571	=item $view_start = $term->view_start ([$newvalue])	1549	=item $view_start = $term->view_start ([$newvalue])
572		1550
573	Returns the negative row number of the topmost line. Minimum value is	1551	Returns the row number of the topmost displayed line. Maximum value is
574	C<0>, which displays the normal terminal contents. Larger values scroll	1552	C<0>, which displays the normal terminal contents. Lower values scroll
575	this many lines into the scrollback buffer.	1553	this many lines into the scrollback buffer.
576		1554
577	=item $term->want_refresh	1555	=item $term->want_refresh
578		1556
579	Requests a screen refresh. At the next opportunity, rxvt-unicode will	1557	Requests a screen refresh. At the next opportunity, rxvt-unicode will
…		…
594	line, starting at column C<$start_col> (default C<0>), which is useful	1572	line, starting at column C<$start_col> (default C<0>), which is useful
595	to replace only parts of a line. The font index in the rendition will	1573	to replace only parts of a line. The font index in the rendition will
596	automatically be updated.	1574	automatically be updated.
597		1575
598	C<$text> is in a special encoding: tabs and wide characters that use more	1576	C<$text> is in a special encoding: tabs and wide characters that use more
599	than one cell when displayed are padded with urxvt::NOCHAR characters	1577	than one cell when displayed are padded with C<$urxvt::NOCHAR> (chr 65535)
600	(C<chr 65535>). Characters with combining characters and other characters	1578	characters. Characters with combining characters and other characters that
601	that do not fit into the normal tetx encoding will be replaced with	1579	do not fit into the normal tetx encoding will be replaced with characters
602	characters in the private use area.	1580	in the private use area.
603		1581
604	You have to obey this encoding when changing text. The advantage is	1582	You have to obey this encoding when changing text. The advantage is
605	that C<substr> and similar functions work on screen cells and not on	1583	that C<substr> and similar functions work on screen cells and not on
606	characters.	1584	characters.
607		1585
…		…
637	about the logical line that row C<$row_number> is part of. It supports the	1615	about the logical line that row C<$row_number> is part of. It supports the
638	following methods:	1616	following methods:
639		1617
640	=over 4	1618	=over 4
641		1619
642	=item $text = $line->t	1620	=item $text = $line->t ([$new_text])
643		1621
644	Returns the full text of the line, similar to C<ROW_t>	1622	Returns or replaces the full text of the line, similar to C<ROW_t>
645		1623
646	=item $rend = $line->r	1624	=item $rend = $line->r ([$new_rend])
647		1625
648	Returns the full rendition array of the line, similar to C<ROW_r>	1626	Returns or replaces the full rendition array of the line, similar to C<ROW_r>
649		1627
650	=item $length = $line->l	1628	=item $length = $line->l
651		1629
652	Returns the length of the line in cells, similar to C<ROW_l>.	1630	Returns the length of the line in cells, similar to C<ROW_l>.
653		1631
…		…
658	Return the row number of the first/last row of the line, respectively.	1636	Return the row number of the first/last row of the line, respectively.
659		1637
660	=item $offset = $line->offset_of ($row, $col)	1638	=item $offset = $line->offset_of ($row, $col)
661		1639
662	Returns the character offset of the given row|col pair within the logical	1640	Returns the character offset of the given row|col pair within the logical
663	line.	1641	line. Works for rows outside the line, too, and returns corresponding
		1642	offsets outside the string.
664		1643
665	=item ($row, $col) = $line->coord_of ($offset)	1644	=item ($row, $col) = $line->coord_of ($offset)
666		1645
667	Translates a string offset into terminal coordinates again.	1646	Translates a string offset into terminal coordinates again.
668		1647
669	=back	1648	=back
670		1649
671	=cut	1650	=cut
672		1651
673	sub urxvt::term::line {	1652	sub line {
674	my ($self, $row) = @_;	1653	my ($self, $row) = @_;
675		1654
676	my $maxrow = $self->nrow - 1;	1655	my $maxrow = $self->nrow - 1;
677		1656
678	my ($beg, $end) = ($row, $row);	1657	my ($beg, $end) = ($row, $row);
…		…
682		1661
683	bless {	1662	bless {
684	term => $self,	1663	term => $self,
685	beg => $beg,	1664	beg => $beg,
686	end => $end,	1665	end => $end,
		1666	ncol => $self->ncol,
687	len => ($end - $beg) * $self->ncol + $self->ROW_l ($end),	1667	len => ($end - $beg) * $self->ncol + $self->ROW_l ($end),
688	}, urxvt::line::	1668	}, urxvt::line::
689	}	1669	}
690		1670
691	sub urxvt::line::t {	1671	sub urxvt::line::t {
692	my ($self) = @_;	1672	my ($self) = @_;
693		1673
		1674	if (@_ > 1)
		1675	{
		1676	$self->{term}->ROW_t ($_, $_[1], 0, ($_ - $self->{beg}) * $self->{ncol}, $self->{ncol})
		1677	for $self->{beg} .. $self->{end};
		1678	}
		1679
		1680	defined wantarray &&
694	substr +(join "", map $self->{term}->ROW_t ($_), $self->{beg} .. $self->{end}),	1681	substr +(join "", map $self->{term}->ROW_t ($_), $self->{beg} .. $self->{end}),
695	0, $self->{len}	1682	0, $self->{len}
696	}	1683	}
697		1684
698	sub urxvt::line::r {	1685	sub urxvt::line::r {
699	my ($self) = @_;	1686	my ($self) = @_;
700		1687
		1688	if (@_ > 1)
		1689	{
		1690	$self->{term}->ROW_r ($_, $_[1], 0, ($_ - $self->{beg}) * $self->{ncol}, $self->{ncol})
		1691	for $self->{beg} .. $self->{end};
		1692	}
		1693
		1694	if (defined wantarray) {
701	my $rend = [	1695	my $rend = [
702	map @{ $self->{term}->ROW_r ($_) }, $self->{beg} .. $self->{end}	1696	map @{ $self->{term}->ROW_r ($_) }, $self->{beg} .. $self->{end}
703	];	1697	];
704	$#$rend = $self->{len} - 1;	1698	$#$rend = $self->{len} - 1;
705	$rend	1699	return $rend;
		1700	}
		1701
		1702	()
706	}	1703	}
707		1704
708	sub urxvt::line::beg { $_[0]{beg} }	1705	sub urxvt::line::beg { $_[0]{beg} }
709	sub urxvt::line::end { $_[0]{end} }	1706	sub urxvt::line::end { $_[0]{end} }
710	sub urxvt::line::l { $_[0]{len} }	1707	sub urxvt::line::l { $_[0]{len} }
711		1708
712	sub urxvt::line::offset_of {	1709	sub urxvt::line::offset_of {
713	my ($self, $row, $col) = @_;	1710	my ($self, $row, $col) = @_;
714		1711
715	($row - $self->{beg}) * $self->{term}->ncol + $col	1712	($row - $self->{beg}) * $self->{ncol} + $col
716	}	1713	}
717		1714
718	sub urxvt::line::coord_of {	1715	sub urxvt::line::coord_of {
719	my ($self, $offset) = @_;	1716	my ($self, $offset) = @_;
720		1717
721	use integer;	1718	use integer;
722		1719
723	(	1720	(
724	$offset / $self->{term}->ncol + $self->{beg},	1721	$offset / $self->{ncol} + $self->{beg},
725	$offset % $self->{term}->ncol	1722	$offset % $self->{ncol}
726	)	1723	)
727	}	1724	}
728		1725
729	=item ($row, $col) = $line->coord_of ($offset)
730	=item $text = $term->special_encode $string	1726	=item $text = $term->special_encode $string
731		1727
732	Converts a perl string into the special encoding used by rxvt-unicode,	1728	Converts a perl string into the special encoding used by rxvt-unicode,
733	where one character corresponds to one screen cell. See	1729	where one character corresponds to one screen cell. See
734	C<< $term->ROW_t >> for details.	1730	C<< $term->ROW_t >> for details.
735		1731
736	=item $string = $term->special_decode $text	1732	=item $string = $term->special_decode $text
737		1733
738	Converts rxvt-unicodes text reprsentation into a perl string. See	1734	Converts rxvt-unicodes text representation into a perl string. See
739	C<< $term->ROW_t >> for details.	1735	C<< $term->ROW_t >> for details.
740		1736
		1737	=item $success = $term->grab_button ($button, $modifiermask[, $window = $term->vt])
		1738
		1739	=item $term->ungrab_button ($button, $modifiermask[, $window = $term->vt])
		1740
		1741	Register/unregister a synchronous button grab. See the XGrabButton
		1742	manpage.
		1743
		1744	=item $success = $term->grab ($eventtime[, $sync])
		1745
		1746	Calls XGrabPointer and XGrabKeyboard in asynchronous (default) or
		1747	synchronous (C<$sync> is true). Also remembers the grab timestamp.
		1748
		1749	=item $term->allow_events_async
		1750
		1751	Calls XAllowEvents with AsyncBoth for the most recent grab.
		1752
		1753	=item $term->allow_events_sync
		1754
		1755	Calls XAllowEvents with SyncBoth for the most recent grab.
		1756
		1757	=item $term->allow_events_replay
		1758
		1759	Calls XAllowEvents with both ReplayPointer and ReplayKeyboard for the most
		1760	recent grab.
		1761
		1762	=item $term->ungrab
		1763
		1764	Calls XUngrab for the most recent grab. Is called automatically on
		1765	evaluation errors, as it is better to lose the grab in the error case as
		1766	the session.
		1767
		1768	=item $atom = $term->XInternAtom ($atom_name[, $only_if_exists])
		1769
		1770	=item $atom_name = $term->XGetAtomName ($atom)
		1771
		1772	=item @atoms = $term->XListProperties ($window)
		1773
		1774	=item ($type,$format,$octets) = $term->XGetWindowProperty ($window, $property)
		1775
		1776	=item $term->XChangeWindowProperty ($window, $property, $type, $format, $octets)
		1777
		1778	=item $term->XDeleteProperty ($window, $property)
		1779
		1780	=item $window = $term->DefaultRootWindow
		1781
		1782	=item $term->XReparentWindow ($window, $parent, [$x, $y])
		1783
		1784	=item $term->XMapWindow ($window)
		1785
		1786	=item $term->XUnmapWindow ($window)
		1787
		1788	=item $term->XMoveResizeWindow ($window, $x, $y, $width, $height)
		1789
		1790	=item ($x, $y, $child_window) = $term->XTranslateCoordinates ($src, $dst, $x, $y)
		1791
		1792	=item $term->XChangeInput ($window, $add_events[, $del_events])
		1793
		1794	Various X or X-related functions. The C<$term> object only serves as
		1795	the source of the display, otherwise those functions map more-or-less
		1796	directory onto the X functions of the same name.
		1797
741	=back	1798	=back
		1799
		1800	=cut
		1801
		1802	package urxvt::popup;
		1803
		1804	=head2 The C<urxvt::popup> Class
		1805
		1806	=over 4
		1807
		1808	=cut
		1809
		1810	sub add_item {
		1811	my ($self, $item) = @_;
		1812
		1813	$item->{rend}{normal} = "\x1b[0;30;47m" unless exists $item->{rend}{normal};
		1814	$item->{rend}{hover} = "\x1b[0;30;46m" unless exists $item->{rend}{hover};
		1815	$item->{rend}{active} = "\x1b[m" unless exists $item->{rend}{active};
		1816
		1817	$item->{render} ||= sub { $_[0]{text} };
		1818
		1819	push @{ $self->{item} }, $item;
		1820	}
		1821
		1822	=item $popup->add_title ($title)
		1823
		1824	Adds a non-clickable title to the popup.
		1825
		1826	=cut
		1827
		1828	sub add_title {
		1829	my ($self, $title) = @_;
		1830
		1831	$self->add_item ({
		1832	rend => { normal => "\x1b[38;5;11;44m", hover => "\x1b[38;5;11;44m", active => "\x1b[38;5;11;44m" },
		1833	text => $title,
		1834	activate => sub { },
		1835	});
		1836	}
		1837
		1838	=item $popup->add_separator ([$sepchr])
		1839
		1840	Creates a separator, optionally using the character given as C<$sepchr>.
		1841
		1842	=cut
		1843
		1844	sub add_separator {
		1845	my ($self, $sep) = @_;
		1846
		1847	$sep ||= "=";
		1848
		1849	$self->add_item ({
		1850	rend => { normal => "\x1b[0;30;47m", hover => "\x1b[0;30;47m", active => "\x1b[0;30;47m" },
		1851	text => "",
		1852	render => sub { $sep x $self->{term}->ncol },
		1853	activate => sub { },
		1854	});
		1855	}
		1856
		1857	=item $popup->add_button ($text, $cb)
		1858
		1859	Adds a clickable button to the popup. C<$cb> is called whenever it is
		1860	selected.
		1861
		1862	=cut
		1863
		1864	sub add_button {
		1865	my ($self, $text, $cb) = @_;
		1866
		1867	$self->add_item ({ type => "button", text => $text, activate => $cb});
		1868	}
		1869
		1870	=item $popup->add_toggle ($text, $initial_value, $cb)
		1871
		1872	Adds a toggle/checkbox item to the popup. The callback gets called
		1873	whenever it gets toggled, with a boolean indicating its new value as its
		1874	first argument.
		1875
		1876	=cut
		1877
		1878	sub add_toggle {
		1879	my ($self, $text, $value, $cb) = @_;
		1880
		1881	my $item; $item = {
		1882	type => "button",
		1883	text => " $text",
		1884	value => $value,
		1885	render => sub { ($_[0]{value} ? "* " : " ") . $text },
		1886	activate => sub { $cb->($_[1]{value} = !$_[1]{value}); },
		1887	};
		1888
		1889	$self->add_item ($item);
		1890	}
		1891
		1892	=item $popup->show
		1893
		1894	Displays the popup (which is initially hidden).
		1895
		1896	=cut
		1897
		1898	sub show {
		1899	my ($self) = @_;
		1900
		1901	local $urxvt::popup::self = $self;
		1902
		1903	my $env = $self->{term}->env;
		1904	# we can't hope to reproduce the locale algorithm, so nuke LC_ALL and set LC_CTYPE.
		1905	delete $env->{LC_ALL};
		1906	$env->{LC_CTYPE} = $self->{term}->locale;
		1907
		1908	urxvt::term->new ($env, "popup",
		1909	"--perl-lib" => "", "--perl-ext-common" => "",
		1910	"-pty-fd" => -1, "-sl" => 0,
		1911	"-b" => 1, "-bd" => "grey80", "-bl", "-override-redirect",
		1912	"--transient-for" => $self->{term}->parent,
		1913	"-display" => $self->{term}->display_id,
		1914	"-pe" => "urxvt-popup")
		1915	or die "unable to create popup window\n";
		1916	}
		1917
		1918	sub DESTROY {
		1919	my ($self) = @_;
		1920
		1921	delete $self->{term}{_destroy}{$self};
		1922	$self->{term}->ungrab;
		1923	}
		1924
		1925	=back
		1926
		1927	=cut
		1928
		1929	package urxvt::watcher;
		1930
		1931	@urxvt::timer::ISA = __PACKAGE__;
		1932	@urxvt::iow::ISA = __PACKAGE__;
		1933	@urxvt::pw::ISA = __PACKAGE__;
		1934	@urxvt::iw::ISA = __PACKAGE__;
742		1935
743	=head2 The C<urxvt::timer> Class	1936	=head2 The C<urxvt::timer> Class
744		1937
745	This class implements timer watchers/events. Time is represented as a	1938	This class implements timer watchers/events. Time is represented as a
746	fractional number of seconds since the epoch. Example:	1939	fractional number of seconds since the epoch. Example:
…		…
785		1978
786	=item $timer = $timer->start ($tstamp)	1979	=item $timer = $timer->start ($tstamp)
787		1980
788	Set the event trigger time to C<$tstamp> and start the timer.	1981	Set the event trigger time to C<$tstamp> and start the timer.
789		1982
		1983	=item $timer = $timer->after ($delay)
		1984
		1985	Like C<start>, but sets the expiry timer to c<urxvt::NOW + $delay>.
		1986
790	=item $timer = $timer->stop	1987	=item $timer = $timer->stop
791		1988
792	Stop the timer.	1989	Stop the timer.
793		1990
794	=back	1991	=back
…		…
799		1996
800	$term->{socket} = ...	1997	$term->{socket} = ...
801	$term->{iow} = urxvt::iow	1998	$term->{iow} = urxvt::iow
802	->new	1999	->new
803	->fd (fileno $term->{socket})	2000	->fd (fileno $term->{socket})
804	->events (1) # wait for read data	2001	->events (urxvt::EVENT_READ)
805	->start	2002	->start
806	->cb (sub {	2003	->cb (sub {
807	my ($iow, $revents) = @_;	2004	my ($iow, $revents) = @_;
808	# $revents must be 1 here, no need to check	2005	# $revents must be 1 here, no need to check
809	sysread $term->{socket}, my $buf, 8192	2006	sysread $term->{socket}, my $buf, 8192
…		…
822	Set the callback to be called when io events are triggered. C<$reventmask>	2019	Set the callback to be called when io events are triggered. C<$reventmask>
823	is a bitset as described in the C<events> method.	2020	is a bitset as described in the C<events> method.
824		2021
825	=item $iow = $iow->fd ($fd)	2022	=item $iow = $iow->fd ($fd)
826		2023
827	Set the filedescriptor (not handle) to watch.	2024	Set the file descriptor (not handle) to watch.
828		2025
829	=item $iow = $iow->events ($eventmask)	2026	=item $iow = $iow->events ($eventmask)
830		2027
831	Set the event mask to watch. Bit #0 (value C<1>) enables watching for read	2028	Set the event mask to watch. The only allowed values are
832	data, Bit #1 (value C<2>) enables watching for write data.	2029	C<urxvt::EVENT_READ> and C<urxvt::EVENT_WRITE>, which might be ORed
		2030	together, or C<urxvt::EVENT_NONE>.
833		2031
834	=item $iow = $iow->start	2032	=item $iow = $iow->start
835		2033
836	Start watching for requested events on the given handle.	2034	Start watching for requested events on the given handle.
837		2035
838	=item $iow = $iow->stop	2036	=item $iow = $iow->stop
839		2037
840	Stop watching for events on the given filehandle.	2038	Stop watching for events on the given file handle.
		2039
		2040	=back
		2041
		2042	=head2 The C<urxvt::iw> Class
		2043
		2044	This class implements idle watchers, that get called automatically when
		2045	the process is idle. They should return as fast as possible, after doing
		2046	some useful work.
		2047
		2048	=over 4
		2049
		2050	=item $iw = new urxvt::iw
		2051
		2052	Create a new idle watcher object in stopped state.
		2053
		2054	=item $iw = $iw->cb (sub { my ($iw) = @_; ... })
		2055
		2056	Set the callback to be called when the watcher triggers.
		2057
		2058	=item $timer = $timer->start
		2059
		2060	Start the watcher.
		2061
		2062	=item $timer = $timer->stop
		2063
		2064	Stop the watcher.
		2065
		2066	=back
		2067
		2068	=head2 The C<urxvt::pw> Class
		2069
		2070	This class implements process watchers. They create an event whenever a
		2071	process exits, after which they stop automatically.
		2072
		2073	my $pid = fork;
		2074	...
		2075	$term->{pw} = urxvt::pw
		2076	->new
		2077	->start ($pid)
		2078	->cb (sub {
		2079	my ($pw, $exit_status) = @_;
		2080	...
		2081	});
		2082
		2083	=over 4
		2084
		2085	=item $pw = new urxvt::pw
		2086
		2087	Create a new process watcher in stopped state.
		2088
		2089	=item $pw = $pw->cb (sub { my ($pw, $exit_status) = @_; ... })
		2090
		2091	Set the callback to be called when the timer triggers.
		2092
		2093	=item $pw = $timer->start ($pid)
		2094
		2095	Tells the watcher to start watching for process C<$pid>.
		2096
		2097	=item $pw = $pw->stop
		2098
		2099	Stop the watcher.
841		2100
842	=back	2101	=back
843		2102
844	=head1 ENVIRONMENT	2103	=head1 ENVIRONMENT
845		2104
…		…
848	This variable controls the verbosity level of the perl extension. Higher	2107	This variable controls the verbosity level of the perl extension. Higher
849	numbers indicate more verbose output.	2108	numbers indicate more verbose output.
850		2109
851	=over 4	2110	=over 4
852		2111
853	=item 0 - only fatal messages	2112	=item == 0 - fatal messages
854		2113
855	=item 3 - script loading and management	2114	=item >= 3 - script loading and management
856		2115
857	=item 10 - all events received	2116	=item >=10 - all called hooks
		2117
		2118	=item >=11 - hook return values
858		2119
859	=back	2120	=back
860		2121
861	=head1 AUTHOR	2122	=head1 AUTHOR
862		2123

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