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Revision: 1.13
Committed: Tue Jan 3 00:06:57 2006 UTC (18 years, 4 months ago) by root
Branch: MAIN
Changes since 1.12: +47 -4 lines
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# Content
1 =head1 NAME
2
3 @@RXVT_NAME@@perl - rxvt-unicode's embedded perl interpreter
4
5 =head1 SYNOPSIS
6
7 # create a file grab_test in $HOME:
8
9 sub on_sel_grab {
10 warn "you selected ", $_[0]->selection;
11 ()
12 }
13
14 # start a @@RXVT_NAME@@ using it:
15
16 @@RXVT_NAME@@ --perl-lib $HOME -pe grab_test
17
18 =head1 DESCRIPTION
19
20 Everytime a terminal object gets created, scripts specified via the
21 C<perl> resource are loaded and associated with it.
22
23 Scripts are compiled in a 'use strict' and 'use utf8' environment, and
24 thus must be encoded as UTF-8.
25
26 Each script will only ever be loaded once, even in @@RXVT_NAME@@d, where
27 scripts will be shared (But not enabled) for all terminals.
28
29 =head2 General API Considerations
30
31 All objects (such as terminals, time watchers etc.) are typical
32 reference-to-hash objects. The hash can be used to store anything you
33 like. All members starting with an underscore (such as C<_ptr> or
34 C<_hook>) are reserved for internal uses and must not be accessed or
35 modified).
36
37 When objects are destroyed on the C++ side, the perl object hashes are
38 emptied, so its best to store related objects such as time watchers and
39 the like inside the terminal object so they get destroyed as soon as the
40 terminal is destroyed.
41
42 =head2 Hooks
43
44 The following subroutines can be declared in loaded scripts, and will be called
45 whenever the relevant event happens.
46
47 All of them must return a boolean value. If it is true, then the event
48 counts as being I<consumed>, and the invocation of other hooks is skipped,
49 and the relevant action might not be carried out by the C++ code.
50
51 When in doubt, return a false value (preferably C<()>).
52
53 =over 4
54
55 =item on_init $term
56
57 Called after a new terminal object has been initialized, but before
58 windows are created or the command gets run.
59
60 =item on_reset $term
61
62 Called after the screen is "reset" for any reason, such as resizing or
63 control sequences. Here is where you can react on changes to size-related
64 variables.
65
66 =item on_start $term
67
68 Called at the very end of initialisation of a new terminal, just before
69 returning to the mainloop.
70
71 =item on_sel_make $term, $eventtime
72
73 Called whenever a selection has been made by the user, but before the
74 selection text is copied, so changes to the beginning, end or type of the
75 selection will be honored.
76
77 Returning a true value aborts selection making by urxvt, in which case you
78 have to make a selection yourself by calling C<< $term->selection_grab >>.
79
80 =item on_sel_grab $term, $eventtime
81
82 Called whenever a selection has been copied, but before the selection is
83 requested from the server. The selection text can be queried and changed
84 by calling C<< $term->selection >>.
85
86 Returning a true value aborts selection grabbing. It will still be hilighted.
87
88 =item on_focus_in $term
89
90 Called whenever the window gets the keyboard focus, before urxvt does
91 focus in processing.
92
93 =item on_focus_out $term
94
95 Called wheneever the window loses keyboard focus, before urxvt does focus
96 out processing.
97
98 =item on_view_change $term, $offset
99
100 Called whenever the view offset changes, i..e the user or program
101 scrolls. Offset C<0> means display the normal terminal, positive values
102 show this many lines of scrollback.
103
104 =item on_scroll_back $term, $lines, $saved
105
106 Called whenever lines scroll out of the terminal area into the scrollback
107 buffer. C<$lines> is the number of lines scrolled out and may be larger
108 than the scroll back buffer or the terminal.
109
110 It is called before lines are scrolled out (so rows 0 .. min ($lines - 1,
111 $nrow - 1) represent the lines to be scrolled out). C<$saved> is the total
112 number of lines that will be in the scrollback buffer.
113
114 =item on_tty_activity $term *NYI*
115
116 Called whenever the program(s) running in the urxvt window send output.
117
118 =item on_refresh_begin $term
119
120 Called just before the screen gets redrawn. Can be used for overlay
121 or similar effects by modify terminal contents in refresh_begin, and
122 restoring them in refresh_end. The built-in overlay and selection display
123 code is run after this hook, and takes precedence.
124
125 =item on_refresh_end $term
126
127 Called just after the screen gets redrawn. See C<on_refresh_begin>.
128
129 =item on_keyboard_command $term, $string
130
131 Called whenever the user presses a key combination that has a
132 C<perl:string> action bound to it (see description of the B<keysym>
133 resource in the @@RXVT_NAME@@(1) manpage).
134
135 =back
136
137 =head2 Functions in the C<urxvt> Package
138
139 =over 4
140
141 =item urxvt::fatal $errormessage
142
143 Fatally aborts execution with the given error message. Avoid at all
144 costs! The only time this is acceptable is when the terminal process
145 starts up.
146
147 =item urxvt::warn $string
148
149 Calls C<rxvt_warn> with the given string which should not include a
150 newline. The module also overwrites the C<warn> builtin with a function
151 that calls this function.
152
153 Using this function has the advantage that its output ends up in the
154 correct place, e.g. on stderr of the connecting urxvtc client.
155
156 =item $time = urxvt::NOW
157
158 Returns the "current time" (as per the event loop).
159
160 =cut
161
162 package urxvt;
163
164 use strict;
165
166 our $term;
167 our @HOOKNAME;
168 our $LIBDIR;
169
170 BEGIN {
171 urxvt->bootstrap;
172
173 # overwrite perl's warn
174 *CORE::GLOBAL::warn = sub {
175 my $msg = join "", @_;
176 $msg .= "\n"
177 unless $msg =~ /\n$/;
178 urxvt::warn ($msg);
179 };
180 }
181
182 my @hook_count;
183 my $verbosity = $ENV{URXVT_PERL_VERBOSITY};
184
185 sub verbose {
186 my ($level, $msg) = @_;
187 warn "$msg\n" if $level <= $verbosity;
188 }
189
190 # find on_xxx subs in the package and register them
191 # as hooks
192 sub register_package($) {
193 my ($pkg) = @_;
194
195 for my $htype (0.. $#HOOKNAME) {
196 my $name = $HOOKNAME[$htype];
197
198 my $ref = $pkg->can ("on_" . lc $name)
199 or next;
200
201 $term->{_hook}[$htype]{$ref*1} = $ref;
202 $hook_count[$htype]++
203 or set_should_invoke $htype, 1;
204 }
205 }
206
207 my $script_pkg = "script0000";
208 my %script_pkg;
209
210 # load a single script into its own package, once only
211 sub script_package($) {
212 my ($path) = @_;
213
214 $script_pkg{$path} ||= do {
215 my $pkg = "urxvt::" . ($script_pkg++);
216
217 verbose 3, "loading script '$path' into package '$pkg'";
218
219 open my $fh, "<:raw", $path
220 or die "$path: $!";
221
222 my $source = "package $pkg; use strict; use utf8;\n"
223 . "#line 1 \"$path\"\n{\n"
224 . (do { local $/; <$fh> })
225 . "\n};\n1";
226
227 eval $source or die "$path: $@";
228
229 $pkg
230 }
231 }
232
233 # called by the rxvt core
234 sub invoke {
235 local $term = shift;
236 my $htype = shift;
237
238 if ($htype == 0) { # INIT
239 my @dirs = ((split /:/, $term->resource ("perl_lib")), "$LIBDIR/perl");
240
241 for my $ext (split /:/, $term->resource ("perl_ext")) {
242 my @files = grep -f $_, map "$_/$ext", @dirs;
243
244 if (@files) {
245 register_package script_package $files[0];
246 } else {
247 warn "perl extension '$ext' not found in perl library search path\n";
248 }
249 }
250
251 } elsif ($htype == 1) { # DESTROY
252 if (my $hook = $term->{_hook}) {
253 for my $htype (0..$#$hook) {
254 $hook_count[$htype] -= scalar keys %{ $hook->[$htype] || {} }
255 or set_should_invoke $htype, 0;
256 }
257 }
258 }
259
260 my $cb = $term->{_hook}[$htype]
261 or return;
262
263 verbose 10, "$HOOKNAME[$htype] (" . (join ", ", $term, @_) . ")"
264 if $verbosity >= 10;
265
266 while (my ($k, $v) = each %$cb) {
267 return 1 if $v->($term, @_);
268 }
269
270 0
271 }
272
273 =back
274
275 =head2 The C<urxvt::term> Class
276
277 =over 4
278
279 =item $value = $term->resource ($name[, $newval])
280
281 Returns the current resource value associated with a given name and
282 optionally sets a new value. Setting values is most useful in the C<init>
283 hook. Unset resources are returned and accepted as C<undef>.
284
285 The new value must be properly encoded to a suitable character encoding
286 before passing it to this method. Similarly, the returned value may need
287 to be converted from the used encoding to text.
288
289 Resource names are as defined in F<src/rsinc.h>. Colours can be specified
290 as resource names of the form C<< color+<index> >>, e.g. C<color+5>. (will
291 likely change).
292
293 Please note that resource strings will currently only be freed when the
294 terminal is destroyed, so changing options frequently will eat memory.
295
296 Here is a a likely non-exhaustive list of resource names, not all of which
297 are supported in every build, please see the source to see the actual
298 list:
299
300 answerbackstring backgroundPixmap backspace_key boldFont boldItalicFont
301 borderLess color cursorBlink cursorUnderline cutchars delete_key
302 display_name embed ext_bwidth fade font geometry hold iconName
303 imFont imLocale inputMethod insecure int_bwidth intensityStyles
304 italicFont jumpScroll lineSpace loginShell mapAlert menu meta8 modifier
305 mouseWheelScrollPage name pastableTabs path perl_eval perl_ext
306 perl_lib pointerBlank pointerBlankDelay preeditType print_pipe pty_fd
307 reverseVideo saveLines scrollBar scrollBar_align scrollBar_floating
308 scrollBar_right scrollBar_thickness scrollTtyKeypress scrollTtyOutput
309 scrollWithBuffer scrollstyle secondaryScreen secondaryScroll selectstyle
310 shade term_name title transparent transparent_all tripleclickwords
311 utmpInhibit visualBell
312
313 =cut
314
315 sub urxvt::term::resource($$;$) {
316 my ($self, $name) = (shift, shift);
317 unshift @_, $self, $name, ($name =~ s/\s*\+\s*(\d+)$// ? $1 : 0);
318 goto &urxvt::term::_resource;
319 }
320
321 =item ($row, $col) = $term->selection_mark ([$row, $col])
322
323 =item ($row, $col) = $term->selection_beg ([$row, $col])
324
325 =item ($row, $col) = $term->selection_end ([$row, $col])
326
327 Return the current values of the selection mark, begin or end positions,
328 and optionally set them to new values.
329
330 =item $success = $term->selection_grab ($eventtime)
331
332 Try to request the primary selection from the server (for example, as set
333 by the next method).
334
335 =item $oldtext = $term->selection ([$newtext])
336
337 Return the current selection text and optionally replace it by C<$newtext>.
338
339 =item $term->scr_overlay ($x, $y, $text)
340
341 Create a simple multi-line overlay box. See the next method for details.
342
343 =cut
344
345 sub urxvt::term::scr_overlay {
346 my ($self, $x, $y, $text) = @_;
347
348 my @lines = split /\n/, $text;
349
350 my $w = 0;
351 for (map $self->strwidth ($_), @lines) {
352 $w = $_ if $w < $_;
353 }
354
355 $self->scr_overlay_new ($x, $y, $w, scalar @lines);
356 $self->scr_overlay_set (0, $_, $lines[$_]) for 0.. $#lines;
357 }
358
359 =item $term->scr_overlay_new ($x, $y, $width, $height)
360
361 Create a new (empty) overlay at the given position with the given
362 width/height. A border will be put around the box. If either C<$x> or
363 C<$y> is negative, then this is counted from the right/bottom side,
364 respectively.
365
366 =item $term->scr_overlay_off
367
368 Switch the overlay off again.
369
370 =item $term->scr_overlay_set_char ($x, $y, $char, $rend = OVERLAY_RSTYLE)
371
372 Put a single character (specified numerically) at the given overlay
373 position.
374
375 =item $term->scr_overlay_set ($x, $y, $text)
376
377 Write a string at the given position into the overlay.
378
379 =item $cellwidth = $term->strwidth $string
380
381 Returns the number of screen-cells this string would need. Correctly
382 accounts for wide and combining characters.
383
384 =item $octets = $term->locale_encode $string
385
386 Convert the given text string into the corresponding locale encoding.
387
388 =item $string = $term->locale_decode $octets
389
390 Convert the given locale-encoded octets into a perl string.
391
392 =item $term->tt_write ($octets)
393
394 Write the octets given in C<$data> to the tty (i.e. as program input). To
395 pass characters instead of octets, you should convert your strings first
396 to the locale-specific encoding using C<< $term->locale_encode >>.
397
398 =item $nrow = $term->nrow
399
400 =item $ncol = $term->ncol
401
402 Return the number of rows/columns of the terminal window (i.e. as
403 specified by C<-geometry>, excluding any scrollback).
404
405 =item $nsaved = $term->nsaved
406
407 Returns the number of lines in the scrollback buffer.
408
409 =item $view_start = $term->view_start ([$newvalue])
410
411 Returns the negative row number of the topmost line. Minimum value is
412 C<0>, which displays the normal terminal contents. Larger values scroll
413 this many lines into the scrollback buffer.
414
415 =item $text = $term->ROW_t ($row_number[, $new_text[, $start_col]])
416
417 Returns the text of the entire row with number C<$row_number>. Row C<0>
418 is the topmost terminal line, row C<< $term->$ncol-1 >> is the bottommost
419 terminal line. The scrollback buffer starts at line C<-1> and extends to
420 line C<< -$term->nsaved >>.
421
422 If C<$new_text> is specified, it will replace characters in the current
423 line, starting at column C<$start_col> (default C<0>), which is useful
424 to replace only parts of a line. The font iindex in the rendition will
425 automatically be updated.
426
427 C<$text> is in a special encoding: tabs and wide characters that use more
428 than one cell when displayed are padded with urxvt::NOCHAR characters
429 (C<chr 65535>). Characters with combining characters and other characters
430 that do not fit into the normal tetx encoding will be replaced with
431 characters in the private use area.
432
433 You have to obey this encoding when changing text. The advantage is
434 that C<substr> and similar functions work on screen cells and not on
435 characters.
436
437 The methods C<< $term->special_encode >> and C<< $term->special_decode >>
438 can be used to convert normal strings into this encoding and vice versa.
439
440 =item $rend = $term->ROW_r ($row_number[, $new_rend[, $start_col]])
441
442 Like C<< $term->ROW_t >>, but returns an arrayref with rendition
443 bitsets. Rendition bitsets contain information about colour, font, font
444 styles and similar information. See also C<< $term->ROW_t >>.
445
446 When setting rendition, the font mask will be ignored.
447
448 See the section on RENDITION, below.
449
450 =item $length = $term->ROW_l ($row_number[, $new_length])
451
452 Returns the number of screen cells that are in use ("the line length"). If
453 it is C<-1>, then the line is part of a multiple-row logical "line", which
454 means all characters are in use and it is continued on the next row.
455
456 =item $text = $term->special_encode $string
457
458 Converts a perl string into the special encoding used by rxvt-unicode,
459 where one character corresponds to one screen cell. See
460 C<< $term->ROW_t >> for details.
461
462 =item $string = $term->special_decode $text
463
464 Converts rxvt-unicodes text reprsentation into a perl string. See
465 C<< $term->ROW_t >> for details.
466
467 =back
468
469 =head2 RENDITION
470
471 Rendition bitsets contain information about colour, font, font styles and
472 similar information for each screen cell.
473
474 The following "macros" deal with changes in rendition sets. You should
475 never just create a bitset, you should always modify an existing one,
476 as they contain important information required for correct operation of
477 rxvt-unicode.
478
479 =over 4
480
481 =item $rend = urxvt::DEFAULT_RSTYLE
482
483 Returns the default rendition, as used when the terminal is starting up or
484 being reset. Useful as a base
485
486 =back
487
488 =cut
489
490 =head2 The C<urxvt::timer> Class
491
492 This class implements timer watchers/events. Time is represented as a
493 fractional number of seconds since the epoch. Example:
494
495 # create a digital clock display in upper right corner
496 $term->{timer} = urxvt::timer
497 ->new
498 ->start (urxvt::NOW)
499 ->cb (sub {
500 my ($timer) = @_;
501 my $time = $timer->at;
502 $timer->start ($time + 1);
503 $self->scr_overlay (-1, 0,
504 POSIX::strftime "%H:%M:%S", localtime $time);
505 });
506
507 =over 4
508
509 =item $timer = new urxvt::timer
510
511 Create a new timer object in stopped state.
512
513 =item $timer = $timer->cb (sub { my ($timer) = @_; ... })
514
515 Set the callback to be called when the timer triggers.
516
517 =item $tstamp = $timer->at
518
519 Return the time this watcher will fire next.
520
521 =item $timer = $timer->set ($tstamp)
522
523 Set the time the event is generated to $tstamp.
524
525 =item $timer = $timer->start
526
527 Start the timer.
528
529 =item $timer = $timer->start ($tstamp)
530
531 Set the event trigger time to C<$tstamp> and start the timer.
532
533 =item $timer = $timer->stop
534
535 Stop the timer.
536
537 =back
538
539 =head2 The C<urxvt::iow> Class
540
541 This class implements io watchers/events. Example:
542
543 $term->{socket} = ...
544 $term->{iow} = urxvt::iow
545 ->new
546 ->fd (fileno $term->{socket})
547 ->events (1) # wait for read data
548 ->start
549 ->cb (sub {
550 my ($iow, $revents) = @_;
551 # $revents must be 1 here, no need to check
552 sysread $term->{socket}, my $buf, 8192
553 or end-of-file;
554 });
555
556
557 =over 4
558
559 =item $iow = new urxvt::iow
560
561 Create a new io watcher object in stopped state.
562
563 =item $iow = $iow->cb (sub { my ($iow, $reventmask) = @_; ... })
564
565 Set the callback to be called when io events are triggered. C<$reventmask>
566 is a bitset as described in the C<events> method.
567
568 =item $iow = $iow->fd ($fd)
569
570 Set the filedescriptor (not handle) to watch.
571
572 =item $iow = $iow->events ($eventmask)
573
574 Set the event mask to watch. Bit #0 (value C<1>) enables watching for read
575 data, Bit #1 (value C<2>) enables watching for write data.
576
577 =item $iow = $iow->start
578
579 Start watching for requested events on the given handle.
580
581 =item $iow = $iow->stop
582
583 Stop watching for events on the given filehandle.
584
585 =back
586
587 =head1 ENVIRONMENT
588
589 =head2 URXVT_PERL_VERBOSITY
590
591 This variable controls the verbosity level of the perl extension. Higher
592 numbers indicate more verbose output.
593
594 =over 4
595
596 =item 0 - only fatal messages
597
598 =item 3 - script loading and management
599
600 =item 10 - all events received
601
602 =back
603
604 =head1 AUTHOR
605
606 Marc Lehmann <pcg@goof.com>
607 http://software.schmorp.de/pkg/rxvt-unicode
608
609 =cut
610
611 1