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Revision: 1.17
Committed: Tue Jan 3 01:45:03 2006 UTC (18 years, 4 months ago) by root
Branch: MAIN
Changes since 1.16: +3 -1 lines
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# Content
1 =encoding utf8
2
3 =head1 NAME
4
5 @@RXVT_NAME@@perl - rxvt-unicode's embedded perl interpreter
6
7 =head1 SYNOPSIS
8
9 # create a file grab_test in $HOME:
10
11 sub on_sel_grab {
12 warn "you selected ", $_[0]->selection;
13 ()
14 }
15
16 # start a @@RXVT_NAME@@ using it:
17
18 @@RXVT_NAME@@ --perl-lib $HOME -pe grab_test
19
20 =head1 DESCRIPTION
21
22 Everytime a terminal object gets created, scripts specified via the
23 C<perl> resource are loaded and associated with it.
24
25 Scripts are compiled in a 'use strict' and 'use utf8' environment, and
26 thus must be encoded as UTF-8.
27
28 Each script will only ever be loaded once, even in @@RXVT_NAME@@d, where
29 scripts will be shared (but not enabled) for all terminals.
30
31 =head2 Prepackaged Extensions
32
33 This section describes the extensiosn delivered with this version. You can
34 find them in F<@@RXVT_LIBDIR@@/urxvt/perl/>.
35
36 You can activate them like this:
37
38 @@RXVT_NAME@@ -pe <extensionname>
39
40 =over 4
41
42 =item selection
43
44 Miscellaneous selection modifications.
45
46 =over 4
47
48 =item rot13
49
50 Rot-13 the selection when activated. Used via keyboard trigger:
51
52 URxvt.keysym.C-M-r: perl:selection:rot13
53
54 =back
55
56 =item digital-clock
57
58 Displays a very simple digital clock in the upper right corner of the
59 window. Illustrates overwriting the refresh callbacks to create your own
60 overlays or changes.
61
62 =item simple-overlay-clock
63
64 Displays a digital clock using the built-in overlay (colorful, useless).
65
66 =back
67
68 =head2 General API Considerations
69
70 All objects (such as terminals, time watchers etc.) are typical
71 reference-to-hash objects. The hash can be used to store anything you
72 like. All members starting with an underscore (such as C<_ptr> or
73 C<_hook>) are reserved for internal uses and must not be accessed or
74 modified).
75
76 When objects are destroyed on the C++ side, the perl object hashes are
77 emptied, so its best to store related objects such as time watchers and
78 the like inside the terminal object so they get destroyed as soon as the
79 terminal is destroyed.
80
81 =head2 Hooks
82
83 The following subroutines can be declared in loaded scripts, and will be called
84 whenever the relevant event happens.
85
86 All of them must return a boolean value. If it is true, then the event
87 counts as being I<consumed>, and the invocation of other hooks is skipped,
88 and the relevant action might not be carried out by the C++ code.
89
90 When in doubt, return a false value (preferably C<()>).
91
92 =over 4
93
94 =item on_init $term
95
96 Called after a new terminal object has been initialized, but before
97 windows are created or the command gets run.
98
99 =item on_reset $term
100
101 Called after the screen is "reset" for any reason, such as resizing or
102 control sequences. Here is where you can react on changes to size-related
103 variables.
104
105 =item on_start $term
106
107 Called at the very end of initialisation of a new terminal, just before
108 returning to the mainloop.
109
110 =item on_sel_make $term, $eventtime
111
112 Called whenever a selection has been made by the user, but before the
113 selection text is copied, so changes to the beginning, end or type of the
114 selection will be honored.
115
116 Returning a true value aborts selection making by urxvt, in which case you
117 have to make a selection yourself by calling C<< $term->selection_grab >>.
118
119 =item on_sel_grab $term, $eventtime
120
121 Called whenever a selection has been copied, but before the selection is
122 requested from the server. The selection text can be queried and changed
123 by calling C<< $term->selection >>.
124
125 Returning a true value aborts selection grabbing. It will still be hilighted.
126
127 =item on_focus_in $term
128
129 Called whenever the window gets the keyboard focus, before urxvt does
130 focus in processing.
131
132 =item on_focus_out $term
133
134 Called wheneever the window loses keyboard focus, before urxvt does focus
135 out processing.
136
137 =item on_view_change $term, $offset
138
139 Called whenever the view offset changes, i..e the user or program
140 scrolls. Offset C<0> means display the normal terminal, positive values
141 show this many lines of scrollback.
142
143 =item on_scroll_back $term, $lines, $saved
144
145 Called whenever lines scroll out of the terminal area into the scrollback
146 buffer. C<$lines> is the number of lines scrolled out and may be larger
147 than the scroll back buffer or the terminal.
148
149 It is called before lines are scrolled out (so rows 0 .. min ($lines - 1,
150 $nrow - 1) represent the lines to be scrolled out). C<$saved> is the total
151 number of lines that will be in the scrollback buffer.
152
153 =item on_tty_activity $term *NYI*
154
155 Called whenever the program(s) running in the urxvt window send output.
156
157 =item on_refresh_begin $term
158
159 Called just before the screen gets redrawn. Can be used for overlay
160 or similar effects by modify terminal contents in refresh_begin, and
161 restoring them in refresh_end. The built-in overlay and selection display
162 code is run after this hook, and takes precedence.
163
164 =item on_refresh_end $term
165
166 Called just after the screen gets redrawn. See C<on_refresh_begin>.
167
168 =item on_keyboard_command $term, $string
169
170 Called whenever the user presses a key combination that has a
171 C<perl:string> action bound to it (see description of the B<keysym>
172 resource in the @@RXVT_NAME@@(1) manpage).
173
174 =back
175
176 =head2 Functions in the C<urxvt> Package
177
178 =over 4
179
180 =item urxvt::fatal $errormessage
181
182 Fatally aborts execution with the given error message. Avoid at all
183 costs! The only time this is acceptable is when the terminal process
184 starts up.
185
186 =item urxvt::warn $string
187
188 Calls C<rxvt_warn> with the given string which should not include a
189 newline. The module also overwrites the C<warn> builtin with a function
190 that calls this function.
191
192 Using this function has the advantage that its output ends up in the
193 correct place, e.g. on stderr of the connecting urxvtc client.
194
195 =item $time = urxvt::NOW
196
197 Returns the "current time" (as per the event loop).
198
199 =cut
200
201 package urxvt;
202
203 use strict;
204
205 our $term;
206 our @HOOKNAME;
207 our $LIBDIR;
208
209 BEGIN {
210 urxvt->bootstrap;
211
212 # overwrite perl's warn
213 *CORE::GLOBAL::warn = sub {
214 my $msg = join "", @_;
215 $msg .= "\n"
216 unless $msg =~ /\n$/;
217 urxvt::warn ($msg);
218 };
219 }
220
221 my @hook_count;
222 my $verbosity = $ENV{URXVT_PERL_VERBOSITY};
223
224 sub verbose {
225 my ($level, $msg) = @_;
226 warn "$msg\n" if $level <= $verbosity;
227 }
228
229 # find on_xxx subs in the package and register them
230 # as hooks
231 sub register_package($) {
232 my ($pkg) = @_;
233
234 for my $htype (0.. $#HOOKNAME) {
235 my $name = $HOOKNAME[$htype];
236
237 my $ref = $pkg->can ("on_" . lc $name)
238 or next;
239
240 $term->{_hook}[$htype]{$ref*1} = $ref;
241 $hook_count[$htype]++
242 or set_should_invoke $htype, 1;
243 }
244 }
245
246 my $script_pkg = "script0000";
247 my %script_pkg;
248
249 # load a single script into its own package, once only
250 sub script_package($) {
251 my ($path) = @_;
252
253 $script_pkg{$path} ||= do {
254 my $pkg = "urxvt::" . ($script_pkg++);
255
256 verbose 3, "loading script '$path' into package '$pkg'";
257
258 open my $fh, "<:raw", $path
259 or die "$path: $!";
260
261 my $source = "package $pkg; use strict; use utf8;\n"
262 . "#line 1 \"$path\"\n{\n"
263 . (do { local $/; <$fh> })
264 . "\n};\n1";
265
266 eval $source or die "$path: $@";
267
268 $pkg
269 }
270 }
271
272 # called by the rxvt core
273 sub invoke {
274 local $term = shift;
275 my $htype = shift;
276
277 if ($htype == 0) { # INIT
278 my @dirs = ((split /:/, $term->resource ("perl_lib")), "$LIBDIR/perl");
279
280 for my $ext (split /:/, $term->resource ("perl_ext")) {
281 my @files = grep -f $_, map "$_/$ext", @dirs;
282
283 if (@files) {
284 register_package script_package $files[0];
285 } else {
286 warn "perl extension '$ext' not found in perl library search path\n";
287 }
288 }
289
290 } elsif ($htype == 1) { # DESTROY
291 if (my $hook = $term->{_hook}) {
292 for my $htype (0..$#$hook) {
293 $hook_count[$htype] -= scalar keys %{ $hook->[$htype] || {} }
294 or set_should_invoke $htype, 0;
295 }
296 }
297 }
298
299 my $cb = $term->{_hook}[$htype]
300 or return;
301
302 verbose 10, "$HOOKNAME[$htype] (" . (join ", ", $term, @_) . ")"
303 if $verbosity >= 10;
304
305 while (my ($k, $v) = each %$cb) {
306 return 1 if $v->($term, @_);
307 }
308
309 0
310 }
311
312 =back
313
314 =head2 The C<urxvt::term> Class
315
316 =over 4
317
318 =item $value = $term->resource ($name[, $newval])
319
320 Returns the current resource value associated with a given name and
321 optionally sets a new value. Setting values is most useful in the C<init>
322 hook. Unset resources are returned and accepted as C<undef>.
323
324 The new value must be properly encoded to a suitable character encoding
325 before passing it to this method. Similarly, the returned value may need
326 to be converted from the used encoding to text.
327
328 Resource names are as defined in F<src/rsinc.h>. Colours can be specified
329 as resource names of the form C<< color+<index> >>, e.g. C<color+5>. (will
330 likely change).
331
332 Please note that resource strings will currently only be freed when the
333 terminal is destroyed, so changing options frequently will eat memory.
334
335 Here is a a likely non-exhaustive list of resource names, not all of which
336 are supported in every build, please see the source to see the actual
337 list:
338
339 answerbackstring backgroundPixmap backspace_key boldFont boldItalicFont
340 borderLess color cursorBlink cursorUnderline cutchars delete_key
341 display_name embed ext_bwidth fade font geometry hold iconName
342 imFont imLocale inputMethod insecure int_bwidth intensityStyles
343 italicFont jumpScroll lineSpace loginShell mapAlert menu meta8 modifier
344 mouseWheelScrollPage name pastableTabs path perl_eval perl_ext
345 perl_lib pointerBlank pointerBlankDelay preeditType print_pipe pty_fd
346 reverseVideo saveLines scrollBar scrollBar_align scrollBar_floating
347 scrollBar_right scrollBar_thickness scrollTtyKeypress scrollTtyOutput
348 scrollWithBuffer scrollstyle secondaryScreen secondaryScroll selectstyle
349 shade term_name title transparent transparent_all tripleclickwords
350 utmpInhibit visualBell
351
352 =cut
353
354 sub urxvt::term::resource($$;$) {
355 my ($self, $name) = (shift, shift);
356 unshift @_, $self, $name, ($name =~ s/\s*\+\s*(\d+)$// ? $1 : 0);
357 goto &urxvt::term::_resource;
358 }
359
360 =item ($row, $col) = $term->selection_mark ([$row, $col])
361
362 =item ($row, $col) = $term->selection_beg ([$row, $col])
363
364 =item ($row, $col) = $term->selection_end ([$row, $col])
365
366 Return the current values of the selection mark, begin or end positions,
367 and optionally set them to new values.
368
369 =item $success = $term->selection_grab ($eventtime)
370
371 Try to request the primary selection from the server (for example, as set
372 by the next method).
373
374 =item $oldtext = $term->selection ([$newtext])
375
376 Return the current selection text and optionally replace it by C<$newtext>.
377
378 =item $term->scr_overlay ($x, $y, $text)
379
380 Create a simple multi-line overlay box. See the next method for details.
381
382 =cut
383
384 sub urxvt::term::scr_overlay {
385 my ($self, $x, $y, $text) = @_;
386
387 my @lines = split /\n/, $text;
388
389 my $w = 0;
390 for (map $self->strwidth ($_), @lines) {
391 $w = $_ if $w < $_;
392 }
393
394 $self->scr_overlay_new ($x, $y, $w, scalar @lines);
395 $self->scr_overlay_set (0, $_, $lines[$_]) for 0.. $#lines;
396 }
397
398 =item $term->scr_overlay_new ($x, $y, $width, $height)
399
400 Create a new (empty) overlay at the given position with the given
401 width/height. A border will be put around the box. If either C<$x> or
402 C<$y> is negative, then this is counted from the right/bottom side,
403 respectively.
404
405 =item $term->scr_overlay_off
406
407 Switch the overlay off again.
408
409 =item $term->scr_overlay_set_char ($x, $y, $char, $rend = OVERLAY_RSTYLE)
410
411 Put a single character (specified numerically) at the given overlay
412 position.
413
414 =item $term->scr_overlay_set ($x, $y, $text)
415
416 Write a string at the given position into the overlay.
417
418 =item $cellwidth = $term->strwidth $string
419
420 Returns the number of screen-cells this string would need. Correctly
421 accounts for wide and combining characters.
422
423 =item $octets = $term->locale_encode $string
424
425 Convert the given text string into the corresponding locale encoding.
426
427 =item $string = $term->locale_decode $octets
428
429 Convert the given locale-encoded octets into a perl string.
430
431 =item $term->tt_write ($octets)
432
433 Write the octets given in C<$data> to the tty (i.e. as program input). To
434 pass characters instead of octets, you should convert your strings first
435 to the locale-specific encoding using C<< $term->locale_encode >>.
436
437 =item $nrow = $term->nrow
438
439 =item $ncol = $term->ncol
440
441 Return the number of rows/columns of the terminal window (i.e. as
442 specified by C<-geometry>, excluding any scrollback).
443
444 =item $nsaved = $term->nsaved
445
446 Returns the number of lines in the scrollback buffer.
447
448 =item $view_start = $term->view_start ([$newvalue])
449
450 Returns the negative row number of the topmost line. Minimum value is
451 C<0>, which displays the normal terminal contents. Larger values scroll
452 this many lines into the scrollback buffer.
453
454 =item $term->want_refresh
455
456 Requests a screen refresh. At the next opportunity, rxvt-unicode will
457 compare the on-screen display with its stored representation. If they
458 differ, it redraws the differences.
459
460 Used after changing terminal contents to display them.
461
462 =item $text = $term->ROW_t ($row_number[, $new_text[, $start_col]])
463
464 Returns the text of the entire row with number C<$row_number>. Row C<0>
465 is the topmost terminal line, row C<< $term->$ncol-1 >> is the bottommost
466 terminal line. The scrollback buffer starts at line C<-1> and extends to
467 line C<< -$term->nsaved >>.
468
469 If C<$new_text> is specified, it will replace characters in the current
470 line, starting at column C<$start_col> (default C<0>), which is useful
471 to replace only parts of a line. The font iindex in the rendition will
472 automatically be updated.
473
474 C<$text> is in a special encoding: tabs and wide characters that use more
475 than one cell when displayed are padded with urxvt::NOCHAR characters
476 (C<chr 65535>). Characters with combining characters and other characters
477 that do not fit into the normal tetx encoding will be replaced with
478 characters in the private use area.
479
480 You have to obey this encoding when changing text. The advantage is
481 that C<substr> and similar functions work on screen cells and not on
482 characters.
483
484 The methods C<< $term->special_encode >> and C<< $term->special_decode >>
485 can be used to convert normal strings into this encoding and vice versa.
486
487 =item $rend = $term->ROW_r ($row_number[, $new_rend[, $start_col]])
488
489 Like C<< $term->ROW_t >>, but returns an arrayref with rendition
490 bitsets. Rendition bitsets contain information about colour, font, font
491 styles and similar information. See also C<< $term->ROW_t >>.
492
493 When setting rendition, the font mask will be ignored.
494
495 See the section on RENDITION, below.
496
497 =item $length = $term->ROW_l ($row_number[, $new_length])
498
499 Returns the number of screen cells that are in use ("the line length"). If
500 it is C<-1>, then the line is part of a multiple-row logical "line", which
501 means all characters are in use and it is continued on the next row.
502
503 =item $text = $term->special_encode $string
504
505 Converts a perl string into the special encoding used by rxvt-unicode,
506 where one character corresponds to one screen cell. See
507 C<< $term->ROW_t >> for details.
508
509 =item $string = $term->special_decode $text
510
511 Converts rxvt-unicodes text reprsentation into a perl string. See
512 C<< $term->ROW_t >> for details.
513
514 =back
515
516 =head2 RENDITION
517
518 Rendition bitsets contain information about colour, font, font styles and
519 similar information for each screen cell.
520
521 The following "macros" deal with changes in rendition sets. You should
522 never just create a bitset, you should always modify an existing one,
523 as they contain important information required for correct operation of
524 rxvt-unicode.
525
526 =over 4
527
528 =item $rend = urxvt::DEFAULT_RSTYLE
529
530 Returns the default rendition, as used when the terminal is starting up or
531 being reset. Useful as a base
532
533 =back
534
535 =cut
536
537 =head2 The C<urxvt::timer> Class
538
539 This class implements timer watchers/events. Time is represented as a
540 fractional number of seconds since the epoch. Example:
541
542 # create a digital clock display in upper right corner
543 $term->{timer} = urxvt::timer
544 ->new
545 ->start (urxvt::NOW)
546 ->cb (sub {
547 my ($timer) = @_;
548 my $time = $timer->at;
549 $timer->start ($time + 1);
550 $self->scr_overlay (-1, 0,
551 POSIX::strftime "%H:%M:%S", localtime $time);
552 });
553
554 =over 4
555
556 =item $timer = new urxvt::timer
557
558 Create a new timer object in stopped state.
559
560 =item $timer = $timer->cb (sub { my ($timer) = @_; ... })
561
562 Set the callback to be called when the timer triggers.
563
564 =item $tstamp = $timer->at
565
566 Return the time this watcher will fire next.
567
568 =item $timer = $timer->set ($tstamp)
569
570 Set the time the event is generated to $tstamp.
571
572 =item $timer = $timer->start
573
574 Start the timer.
575
576 =item $timer = $timer->start ($tstamp)
577
578 Set the event trigger time to C<$tstamp> and start the timer.
579
580 =item $timer = $timer->stop
581
582 Stop the timer.
583
584 =back
585
586 =head2 The C<urxvt::iow> Class
587
588 This class implements io watchers/events. Example:
589
590 $term->{socket} = ...
591 $term->{iow} = urxvt::iow
592 ->new
593 ->fd (fileno $term->{socket})
594 ->events (1) # wait for read data
595 ->start
596 ->cb (sub {
597 my ($iow, $revents) = @_;
598 # $revents must be 1 here, no need to check
599 sysread $term->{socket}, my $buf, 8192
600 or end-of-file;
601 });
602
603
604 =over 4
605
606 =item $iow = new urxvt::iow
607
608 Create a new io watcher object in stopped state.
609
610 =item $iow = $iow->cb (sub { my ($iow, $reventmask) = @_; ... })
611
612 Set the callback to be called when io events are triggered. C<$reventmask>
613 is a bitset as described in the C<events> method.
614
615 =item $iow = $iow->fd ($fd)
616
617 Set the filedescriptor (not handle) to watch.
618
619 =item $iow = $iow->events ($eventmask)
620
621 Set the event mask to watch. Bit #0 (value C<1>) enables watching for read
622 data, Bit #1 (value C<2>) enables watching for write data.
623
624 =item $iow = $iow->start
625
626 Start watching for requested events on the given handle.
627
628 =item $iow = $iow->stop
629
630 Stop watching for events on the given filehandle.
631
632 =back
633
634 =head1 ENVIRONMENT
635
636 =head2 URXVT_PERL_VERBOSITY
637
638 This variable controls the verbosity level of the perl extension. Higher
639 numbers indicate more verbose output.
640
641 =over 4
642
643 =item 0 - only fatal messages
644
645 =item 3 - script loading and management
646
647 =item 10 - all events received
648
649 =back
650
651 =head1 AUTHOR
652
653 Marc Lehmann <pcg@goof.com>
654 http://software.schmorp.de/pkg/rxvt-unicode
655
656 =cut
657
658 1