staticperl/perl/doio.c

/*    doio.c
 *
 *    Copyright (C) 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
 *    2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, by Larry Wall and others
 *
 *    You may distribute under the terms of either the GNU General Public
 *    License or the Artistic License, as specified in the README file.
 *
 */

/*
 * "Far below them they saw the white waters pour into a foaming bowl, and
 * then swirl darkly about a deep oval basin in the rocks, until they found
 * their way out again through a narrow gate, and flowed away, fuming and
 * chattering, into calmer and more level reaches."
 */

/* This file contains functions that do the actual I/O on behalf of ops.
 * For example, pp_print() calls the do_print() function in this file for
 * each argument needing printing.
 */

#include "EXTERN.h"
#define PERL_IN_DOIO_C
#include "perl.h"

#if defined(HAS_MSG) || defined(HAS_SEM) || defined(HAS_SHM)
#ifndef HAS_SEM
#include <sys/ipc.h>
#endif
#ifdef HAS_MSG
#include <sys/msg.h>
#endif
#ifdef HAS_SHM
#include <sys/shm.h>
# ifndef HAS_SHMAT_PROTOTYPE
    extern Shmat_t shmat (int, char *, int);
# endif
#endif
#endif

#ifdef I_UTIME
#  if defined(_MSC_VER) || defined(__MINGW32__)
#    include <sys/utime.h>
#  else
#    include <utime.h>
#  endif
#endif

#ifdef O_EXCL
#  define OPEN_EXCL O_EXCL
#else
#  define OPEN_EXCL 0
#endif

#define PERL_MODE_MAX 8
#define PERL_FLAGS_MAX 10

#include <signal.h>

bool
Perl_do_open(pTHX_ GV *gv, register char *name, I32 len, int as_raw,
             int rawmode, int rawperm, PerlIO *supplied_fp)
{
    return do_openn(gv, name, len, as_raw, rawmode, rawperm,
                    supplied_fp, (SV **) NULL, 0);
}

bool
Perl_do_open9(pTHX_ GV *gv, register char *name, I32 len, int as_raw,
              int rawmode, int rawperm, PerlIO *supplied_fp, SV *svs,
              I32 num_svs)
{
    return do_openn(gv, name, len, as_raw, rawmode, rawperm,
                    supplied_fp, &svs, 1);
}

bool
Perl_do_openn(pTHX_ GV *gv, register char *name, I32 len, int as_raw,
              int rawmode, int rawperm, PerlIO *supplied_fp, SV **svp,
              I32 num_svs)
{
    register IO *io = GvIOn(gv);
    PerlIO *saveifp = Nullfp;
    PerlIO *saveofp = Nullfp;
    int savefd = -1;
    char savetype = IoTYPE_CLOSED;
    int writing = 0;
    PerlIO *fp;
    int fd;
    int result;
    bool was_fdopen = FALSE;
    bool in_raw = 0, in_crlf = 0, out_raw = 0, out_crlf = 0;
    char *type  = NULL;
    char mode[PERL_MODE_MAX];   /* stdio file mode ("r\0", "rb\0", "r+b\0" etc.) */
    SV *namesv;

    Zero(mode,sizeof(mode),char);
    PL_forkprocess = 1;         /* assume true if no fork */

    /* Collect default raw/crlf info from the op */
    if (PL_op && PL_op->op_type == OP_OPEN) {
        /* set up IO layers */
        U8 flags = PL_op->op_private;
        in_raw = (flags & OPpOPEN_IN_RAW);
        in_crlf = (flags & OPpOPEN_IN_CRLF);
        out_raw = (flags & OPpOPEN_OUT_RAW);
        out_crlf = (flags & OPpOPEN_OUT_CRLF);
    }

    /* If currently open - close before we re-open */
    if (IoIFP(io)) {
        fd = PerlIO_fileno(IoIFP(io));
        if (IoTYPE(io) == IoTYPE_STD) {
            /* This is a clone of one of STD* handles */
            result = 0;
        }
        else if (fd >= 0 && fd <= PL_maxsysfd) {
            /* This is one of the original STD* handles */
            saveifp  = IoIFP(io);
            saveofp  = IoOFP(io);
            savetype = IoTYPE(io);
            savefd   = fd;
            result   = 0;
        }
        else if (IoTYPE(io) == IoTYPE_PIPE)
            result = PerlProc_pclose(IoIFP(io));
        else if (IoIFP(io) != IoOFP(io)) {
            if (IoOFP(io)) {
                result = PerlIO_close(IoOFP(io));
                PerlIO_close(IoIFP(io)); /* clear stdio, fd already closed */
            }
            else
                result = PerlIO_close(IoIFP(io));
        }
        else
            result = PerlIO_close(IoIFP(io));
        if (result == EOF && fd > PL_maxsysfd) {
            /* Why is this not Perl_warn*() call ? */
            PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log,
                          "Warning: unable to close filehandle %s properly.\n",
                          GvENAME(gv));
        }
        IoOFP(io) = IoIFP(io) = Nullfp;
    }

    if (as_raw) {
        /* sysopen style args, i.e. integer mode and permissions */
        STRLEN ix = 0;
        int appendtrunc =
             0
#ifdef O_APPEND /* Not fully portable. */
             |O_APPEND
#endif
#ifdef O_TRUNC  /* Not fully portable. */
             |O_TRUNC
#endif
             ;
        int modifyingmode =
             O_WRONLY|O_RDWR|O_CREAT|appendtrunc;
        int ismodifying;

        if (num_svs != 0) {
             Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: sysopen with multiple args");
        }
        /* It's not always

           O_RDONLY 0
           O_WRONLY 1
           O_RDWR   2

           It might be (in OS/390 and Mac OS Classic it is)

           O_WRONLY 1
           O_RDONLY 2
           O_RDWR   3

           This means that simple & with O_RDWR would look
           like O_RDONLY is present.  Therefore we have to
           be more careful.
        */
        if ((ismodifying = (rawmode & modifyingmode))) {
             if ((ismodifying & O_WRONLY) == O_WRONLY ||
                 (ismodifying & O_RDWR)   == O_RDWR   ||
                 (ismodifying & (O_CREAT|appendtrunc)))
                  TAINT_PROPER("sysopen");
        }
        mode[ix++] = IoTYPE_NUMERIC; /* Marker to openn to use numeric "sysopen" */

#if defined(USE_64_BIT_RAWIO) && defined(O_LARGEFILE)
        rawmode |= O_LARGEFILE; /* Transparently largefiley. */
#endif

        IoTYPE(io) = PerlIO_intmode2str(rawmode, &mode[ix], &writing);

        namesv = sv_2mortal(newSVpvn(name,strlen(name)));
        num_svs = 1;
        svp = &namesv;
        type = Nullch;
        fp = PerlIO_openn(aTHX_ type, mode, -1, rawmode, rawperm, NULL, num_svs, svp);
    }
    else {
        /* Regular (non-sys) open */
        char *oname = name;
        STRLEN olen = len;
        char *tend;
        int dodup = 0;
        PerlIO *that_fp = NULL;

        type = savepvn(name, len);
        tend = type+len;
        SAVEFREEPV(type);

        /* Lose leading and trailing white space */
        /*SUPPRESS 530*/
        for (; isSPACE(*type); type++) ;
        while (tend > type && isSPACE(tend[-1]))
            *--tend = '\0';

        if (num_svs) {
            /* New style explicit name, type is just mode and layer info */
#ifdef USE_STDIO
            if (SvROK(*svp) && !strchr(name,'&')) {
                if (ckWARN(WARN_IO))
                    Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_IO),
                            "Can't open a reference");
                SETERRNO(EINVAL, LIB_INVARG);
                goto say_false;
            }
#endif /* USE_STDIO */
            name = SvOK(*svp) ? savesvpv (*svp) : savepvn ("", 0);
            SAVEFREEPV(name);
        }
        else {
            name = type;
            len  = tend-type;
        }
        IoTYPE(io) = *type;
        if ((*type == IoTYPE_RDWR) && /* scary */
           (*(type+1) == IoTYPE_RDONLY || *(type+1) == IoTYPE_WRONLY) &&
            ((!num_svs || (tend > type+1 && tend[-1] != IoTYPE_PIPE)))) {
            TAINT_PROPER("open");
            mode[1] = *type++;
            writing = 1;
        }

        if (*type == IoTYPE_PIPE) {
            if (num_svs) {
                if (type[1] != IoTYPE_STD) {
                  unknown_open_mode:
                    Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Unknown open() mode '%.*s'", (int)olen, oname);
                }
                type++;
            }
            /*SUPPRESS 530*/
            for (type++; isSPACE(*type); type++) ;
            if (!num_svs) {
                name = type;
                len = tend-type;
            }
            if (*name == '\0') {
                /* command is missing 19990114 */
                if (ckWARN(WARN_PIPE))
                    Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_PIPE), "Missing command in piped open");
                errno = EPIPE;
                goto say_false;
            }
            if ((*name == '-' && name[1] == '\0') || num_svs)
                TAINT_ENV();
            TAINT_PROPER("piped open");
            if (!num_svs && name[len-1] == '|') {
                name[--len] = '\0' ;
                if (ckWARN(WARN_PIPE))
                    Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_PIPE), "Can't open bidirectional pipe");
            }
            mode[0] = 'w';
            writing = 1;
#ifdef HAS_STRLCAT
            if (out_raw)
                strlcat(mode, "b", PERL_MODE_MAX);
            else if (out_crlf)
                strlcat(mode, "t", PERL_MODE_MAX); 
#else
            if (out_raw)
                strcat(mode, "b");
            else if (out_crlf)
                strcat(mode, "t");
#endif
            if (num_svs > 1) {
                fp = PerlProc_popen_list(mode, num_svs, svp);
            }
            else {
                fp = PerlProc_popen(name,mode);
            }
            if (num_svs) {
                if (*type) {
                    if (PerlIO_apply_layers(aTHX_ fp, mode, type) != 0) {
                        goto say_false;
                    }
                }
            }
        } /* IoTYPE_PIPE */
        else if (*type == IoTYPE_WRONLY) {
            TAINT_PROPER("open");
            type++;
            if (*type == IoTYPE_WRONLY) {
                /* Two IoTYPE_WRONLYs in a row make for an IoTYPE_APPEND. */
                mode[0] = IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_APPEND;
                type++;
            }
            else {
                mode[0] = 'w';
            }
            writing = 1;

#ifdef HAS_STRLCAT
            if (out_raw)
                strlcat(mode, "b", PERL_MODE_MAX);
            else if (out_crlf)
                strlcat(mode, "t", PERL_MODE_MAX);
#else
            if (out_raw)
                strcat(mode, "b");
            else if (out_crlf)
                strcat(mode, "t");
#endif
            if (*type == '&') {
              duplicity:
                dodup = PERLIO_DUP_FD;
                type++;
                if (*type == '=') {
                    dodup = 0;
                    type++;
                }
                if (!num_svs && !*type && supplied_fp) {
                    /* "<+&" etc. is used by typemaps */
                    fp = supplied_fp;
                }
                else {
                    if (num_svs > 1) {
                        Perl_croak(aTHX_ "More than one argument to '%c&' open",IoTYPE(io));
                    }
                    /*SUPPRESS 530*/
                    for (; isSPACE(*type); type++) ;
                    if (num_svs && (SvIOK(*svp) || (SvPOK(*svp) && looks_like_number(*svp)))) {
                        fd = SvUV(*svp);
                        num_svs = 0;
                    }
                    else if (isDIGIT(*type)) {
                        fd = atoi(type);
                    }
                    else {
                        IO* thatio;
                        if (num_svs) {
                            thatio = sv_2io(*svp);
                        }
                        else {
                            GV *thatgv;
                            thatgv = gv_fetchpv(type,FALSE,SVt_PVIO);
                            thatio = GvIO(thatgv);
                        }
                        if (!thatio) {
#ifdef EINVAL
                            SETERRNO(EINVAL,SS_IVCHAN);
#endif
                            goto say_false;
                        }
                        if ((that_fp = IoIFP(thatio))) {
                            /* Flush stdio buffer before dup. --mjd
                             * Unfortunately SEEK_CURing 0 seems to
                             * be optimized away on most platforms;
                             * only Solaris and Linux seem to flush
                             * on that. --jhi */
#ifdef USE_SFIO
                            /* sfio fails to clear error on next
                               sfwrite, contrary to documentation.
                               -- Nick Clark */
                            if (PerlIO_seek(that_fp, 0, SEEK_CUR) == -1)
                                PerlIO_clearerr(that_fp);
#endif
                            /* On the other hand, do all platforms
                             * take gracefully to flushing a read-only
                             * filehandle?  Perhaps we should do
                             * fsetpos(src)+fgetpos(dst)?  --nik */
                            PerlIO_flush(that_fp);
                            fd = PerlIO_fileno(that_fp);
                            /* When dup()ing STDIN, STDOUT or STDERR
                             * explicitly set appropriate access mode */
                            if (that_fp == PerlIO_stdout()
                                || that_fp == PerlIO_stderr())
                                IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_WRONLY;
                            else if (that_fp == PerlIO_stdin())
                                IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_RDONLY;
                            /* When dup()ing a socket, say result is
                             * one as well */
                            else if (IoTYPE(thatio) == IoTYPE_SOCKET)
                                IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_SOCKET;
                        }
                        else
                            fd = -1;
                    }
                    if (!num_svs)
                        type = Nullch;
                    if (that_fp) {
                        fp = PerlIO_fdupopen(aTHX_ that_fp, NULL, dodup);
                    }
                    else {
                        if (dodup)
                            fd = PerlLIO_dup(fd);
                        else
                            was_fdopen = TRUE;
                        if (!(fp = PerlIO_openn(aTHX_ type,mode,fd,0,0,NULL,num_svs,svp))) {
                            if (dodup)
                                PerlLIO_close(fd);
                        }
                    }
                }
            } /* & */
            else {
                /*SUPPRESS 530*/
                for (; isSPACE(*type); type++) ;
                if (*type == IoTYPE_STD && (!type[1] || isSPACE(type[1]) || type[1] == ':')) {
                    /*SUPPRESS 530*/
                    type++;
                    fp = PerlIO_stdout();
                    IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_STD;
                    if (num_svs > 1) {
                        Perl_croak(aTHX_ "More than one argument to '>%c' open",IoTYPE_STD);
                    }
                }
                else  {
                    if (!num_svs) {
                        namesv = sv_2mortal(newSVpvn(type,strlen(type)));
                        num_svs = 1;
                        svp = &namesv;
                        type = Nullch;
                    }
                    fp = PerlIO_openn(aTHX_ type,mode,-1,0,0,NULL,num_svs,svp);
                }
            } /* !& */
            if (!fp && type && *type && *type != ':' && !isIDFIRST(*type))
               goto unknown_open_mode;
        } /* IoTYPE_WRONLY */
        else if (*type == IoTYPE_RDONLY) {
            /*SUPPRESS 530*/
            for (type++; isSPACE(*type); type++) ;
            mode[0] = 'r';
#ifdef HAS_STRLCAT
            if (in_raw)
                strlcat(mode, "b", PERL_MODE_MAX);
            else if (in_crlf)
                strlcat(mode, "t", PERL_MODE_MAX);
#else
            if (in_raw)
                strcat(mode, "b");
            else if (in_crlf)
                strcat(mode, "t");
#endif
            if (*type == '&') {
                goto duplicity;
            }
            if (*type == IoTYPE_STD && (!type[1] || isSPACE(type[1]) || type[1] == ':')) {
                /*SUPPRESS 530*/
                type++;
                fp = PerlIO_stdin();
                IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_STD;
                if (num_svs > 1) {
                    Perl_croak(aTHX_ "More than one argument to '<%c' open",IoTYPE_STD);
                }
            }
            else {
                if (!num_svs) {
                    namesv = sv_2mortal(newSVpvn(type,strlen(type)));
                    num_svs = 1;
                    svp = &namesv;
                    type = Nullch;
                }
                fp = PerlIO_openn(aTHX_ type,mode,-1,0,0,NULL,num_svs,svp);
            }
            if (!fp && type && *type && *type != ':' && !isIDFIRST(*type))
               goto unknown_open_mode;
        } /* IoTYPE_RDONLY */
        else if ((num_svs && /* '-|...' or '...|' */
                  type[0] == IoTYPE_STD && type[1] == IoTYPE_PIPE) ||
                 (!num_svs && tend > type+1 && tend[-1] == IoTYPE_PIPE)) {
            if (num_svs) {
                type += 2;   /* skip over '-|' */
            }
            else {
                *--tend = '\0';
                while (tend > type && isSPACE(tend[-1]))
                    *--tend = '\0';
                /*SUPPRESS 530*/
                for (; isSPACE(*type); type++) ;
                name = type;
                len  = tend-type;
            }
            if (*name == '\0') {
                /* command is missing 19990114 */
                if (ckWARN(WARN_PIPE))
                    Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_PIPE), "Missing command in piped open");
                errno = EPIPE;
                goto say_false;
            }
            if (!(*name == '-' && name[1] == '\0') || num_svs)
                TAINT_ENV();
            TAINT_PROPER("piped open");
            mode[0] = 'r';

#ifdef HAS_STRLCAT
            if (in_raw)
                strlcat(mode, "b", PERL_MODE_MAX);
            else if (in_crlf)
                strlcat(mode, "t", PERL_MODE_MAX);
#else
            if (in_raw)
                strcat(mode, "b");
            else if (in_crlf)
                strcat(mode, "t");
#endif

            if (num_svs > 1) {
                fp = PerlProc_popen_list(mode,num_svs,svp);
            }
            else {
                fp = PerlProc_popen(name,mode);
            }
            IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_PIPE;
            if (num_svs) {
                for (; isSPACE(*type); type++) ;
                if (*type) {
                    if (PerlIO_apply_layers(aTHX_ fp, mode, type) != 0) {
                        goto say_false;
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        else { /* layer(Args) */
            if (num_svs)
                goto unknown_open_mode;
            name = type;
            IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_RDONLY;
            /*SUPPRESS 530*/
            for (; isSPACE(*name); name++) ;
            mode[0] = 'r';

#ifdef HAS_STRLCAT
            if (in_raw)
                strlcat(mode, "b", PERL_MODE_MAX);
            else if (in_crlf)
                strlcat(mode, "t", PERL_MODE_MAX);
#else
            if (in_raw)
                strcat(mode, "b");
            else if (in_crlf)
                strcat(mode, "t");
#endif

            if (*name == '-' && name[1] == '\0') {
                fp = PerlIO_stdin();
                IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_STD;
            }
            else {
                if (!num_svs) {
                    namesv = sv_2mortal(newSVpvn(type,strlen(type)));
                    num_svs = 1;
                    svp = &namesv;
                    type = Nullch;
                }
                fp = PerlIO_openn(aTHX_ type,mode,-1,0,0,NULL,num_svs,svp);
            }
        }
    }
    if (!fp) {
        if (ckWARN(WARN_NEWLINE) && IoTYPE(io) == IoTYPE_RDONLY && strchr(name, '\n'))
            Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_NEWLINE), PL_warn_nl, "open");
        goto say_false;
    }

    if (ckWARN(WARN_IO)) {
        if ((IoTYPE(io) == IoTYPE_RDONLY) &&
            (fp == PerlIO_stdout() || fp == PerlIO_stderr())) {
                Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_IO),
                            "Filehandle STD%s reopened as %s only for input",
                            ((fp == PerlIO_stdout()) ? "OUT" : "ERR"),
                            GvENAME(gv));
        }
        else if ((IoTYPE(io) == IoTYPE_WRONLY) && fp == PerlIO_stdin()) {
                Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_IO),
                            "Filehandle STDIN reopened as %s only for output",
                            GvENAME(gv));
        }
    }

    fd = PerlIO_fileno(fp);
    /* If there is no fd (e.g. PerlIO::scalar) assume it isn't a
     * socket - this covers PerlIO::scalar - otherwise unless we "know" the
     * type probe for socket-ness.
     */
    if (IoTYPE(io) && IoTYPE(io) != IoTYPE_PIPE && IoTYPE(io) != IoTYPE_STD && fd >= 0) {
        if (PerlLIO_fstat(fd,&PL_statbuf) < 0) {
            /* If PerlIO claims to have fd we had better be able to fstat() it. */
            (void) PerlIO_close(fp);
            goto say_false;
        }
#ifndef PERL_MICRO
        if (S_ISSOCK(PL_statbuf.st_mode))
            IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_SOCKET; /* in case a socket was passed in to us */
#ifdef HAS_SOCKET
        else if (
#ifdef S_IFMT
            !(PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_IFMT)
#else
            !PL_statbuf.st_mode
#endif
            && IoTYPE(io) != IoTYPE_WRONLY  /* Dups of STD* filehandles already have */
            && IoTYPE(io) != IoTYPE_RDONLY  /* type so they aren't marked as sockets */
        ) {                                 /* on OS's that return 0 on fstat()ed pipe */
             char tmpbuf[256];
             Sock_size_t buflen = sizeof tmpbuf;
             if (PerlSock_getsockname(fd, (struct sockaddr *)tmpbuf, &buflen) >= 0
                      || errno != ENOTSOCK)
                    IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_SOCKET; /* some OS's return 0 on fstat()ed socket */
                                                /* but some return 0 for streams too, sigh */
        }
#endif /* HAS_SOCKET */
#endif /* !PERL_MICRO */
    }

    /* Eeek - FIXME !!!
     * If this is a standard handle we discard all the layer stuff
     * and just dup the fd into whatever was on the handle before !
     */

    if (saveifp) {              /* must use old fp? */
        /* If fd is less that PL_maxsysfd i.e. STDIN..STDERR
           then dup the new fileno down
         */
        if (saveofp) {
            PerlIO_flush(saveofp);      /* emulate PerlIO_close() */
            if (saveofp != saveifp) {   /* was a socket? */
                PerlIO_close(saveofp);
            }
        }
        if (savefd != fd) {
            /* Still a small can-of-worms here if (say) PerlIO::scalar
               is assigned to (say) STDOUT - for now let dup2() fail
               and provide the error
             */
            if (PerlLIO_dup2(fd, savefd) < 0) {
                (void)PerlIO_close(fp);
                goto say_false;
            }
#ifdef VMS
            if (savefd != PerlIO_fileno(PerlIO_stdin())) {
                char newname[FILENAME_MAX+1];
                if (PerlIO_getname(fp, newname)) {
                    if (fd == PerlIO_fileno(PerlIO_stdout()))
                        Perl_vmssetuserlnm(aTHX_ "SYS$OUTPUT", newname);
                    if (fd == PerlIO_fileno(PerlIO_stderr()))
                        Perl_vmssetuserlnm(aTHX_ "SYS$ERROR",  newname);
                }
            }
#endif

#if !defined(WIN32)
           /* PL_fdpid isn't used on Windows, so avoid this useless work.
            * XXX Probably the same for a lot of other places. */
            {
                Pid_t pid;
                SV *sv;

                LOCK_FDPID_MUTEX;
                sv = *av_fetch(PL_fdpid,fd,TRUE);
                (void)SvUPGRADE(sv, SVt_IV);
                pid = SvIVX(sv);
                SvIVX(sv) = 0;
                sv = *av_fetch(PL_fdpid,savefd,TRUE);
                (void)SvUPGRADE(sv, SVt_IV);
                SvIVX(sv) = pid;
                UNLOCK_FDPID_MUTEX;
            }
#endif

            if (was_fdopen) {
                /* need to close fp without closing underlying fd */
                int ofd = PerlIO_fileno(fp);
                int dupfd = PerlLIO_dup(ofd);
#if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
                /* Assume if we have F_SETFD we have F_GETFD */
                int coe = fcntl(ofd,F_GETFD);
#endif
                PerlIO_close(fp);
                PerlLIO_dup2(dupfd,ofd);
#if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
                /* The dup trick has lost close-on-exec on ofd */
                fcntl(ofd,F_SETFD, coe);
#endif
                PerlLIO_close(dupfd);
            }
            else
                PerlIO_close(fp);
        }
        fp = saveifp;
        PerlIO_clearerr(fp);
        fd = PerlIO_fileno(fp);
    }
#if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
    if (fd >= 0) {
        int save_errno = errno;
        fcntl(fd,F_SETFD,fd > PL_maxsysfd); /* can change errno */
        errno = save_errno;
    }
#endif
    IoIFP(io) = fp;

    IoFLAGS(io) &= ~IOf_NOLINE;
    if (writing) {
        if (IoTYPE(io) == IoTYPE_SOCKET
            || (IoTYPE(io) == IoTYPE_WRONLY && fd >= 0 && S_ISCHR(PL_statbuf.st_mode)) ) {
            char *s = mode;
            if (*s == IoTYPE_IMPLICIT || *s == IoTYPE_NUMERIC)
              s++;
            *s = 'w';
            if (!(IoOFP(io) = PerlIO_openn(aTHX_ type,s,fd,0,0,NULL,0,svp))) {
                PerlIO_close(fp);
                IoIFP(io) = Nullfp;
                goto say_false;
            }
        }
        else
            IoOFP(io) = fp;
    }
    return TRUE;

say_false:
    IoIFP(io) = saveifp;
    IoOFP(io) = saveofp;
    IoTYPE(io) = savetype;
    return FALSE;
}

PerlIO *
Perl_nextargv(pTHX_ register GV *gv)
{
    register SV *sv;
#ifndef FLEXFILENAMES
    int filedev;
    int fileino;
#endif
    Uid_t fileuid;
    Gid_t filegid;
    IO *io = GvIOp(gv);

    if (!PL_argvoutgv)
        PL_argvoutgv = gv_fetchpv("ARGVOUT",TRUE,SVt_PVIO);
    if (io && (IoFLAGS(io) & IOf_ARGV) && (IoFLAGS(io) & IOf_START)) {
        IoFLAGS(io) &= ~IOf_START;
        if (PL_inplace) {
            if (!PL_argvout_stack)
                PL_argvout_stack = newAV();
            av_push(PL_argvout_stack, SvREFCNT_inc(PL_defoutgv));
        }
    }
    if (PL_filemode & (S_ISUID|S_ISGID)) {
        PerlIO_flush(IoIFP(GvIOn(PL_argvoutgv)));  /* chmod must follow last write */
#ifdef HAS_FCHMOD
        if (PL_lastfd != -1)
            (void)fchmod(PL_lastfd,PL_filemode);
#else
        (void)PerlLIO_chmod(PL_oldname,PL_filemode);
#endif
    }
    PL_lastfd = -1;
    PL_filemode = 0;
    if (!GvAV(gv))
        return Nullfp;
    while (av_len(GvAV(gv)) >= 0) {
        STRLEN oldlen;
        sv = av_shift(GvAV(gv));
        SAVEFREESV(sv);
        sv_setsv(GvSV(gv),sv);
        SvSETMAGIC(GvSV(gv));
        PL_oldname = SvPVx(GvSV(gv), oldlen);
        if (do_open(gv,PL_oldname,oldlen,PL_inplace!=0,O_RDONLY,0,Nullfp)) {
            if (PL_inplace) {
                TAINT_PROPER("inplace open");
                if (oldlen == 1 && *PL_oldname == '-') {
                    setdefout(gv_fetchpv("STDOUT",TRUE,SVt_PVIO));
                    return IoIFP(GvIOp(gv));
                }
#ifndef FLEXFILENAMES
                filedev = PL_statbuf.st_dev;
                fileino = PL_statbuf.st_ino;
#endif
                PL_filemode = PL_statbuf.st_mode;
                fileuid = PL_statbuf.st_uid;
                filegid = PL_statbuf.st_gid;
                if (!S_ISREG(PL_filemode)) {
                    if (ckWARN_d(WARN_INPLACE)) 
                        Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INPLACE),
                            "Can't do inplace edit: %s is not a regular file",
                            PL_oldname );
                    do_close(gv,FALSE);
                    continue;
                }
                if (*PL_inplace) {
                    char *star = strchr(PL_inplace, '*');
                    if (star) {
                        char *begin = PL_inplace;
                        sv_setpvn(sv, "", 0);
                        do {
                            sv_catpvn(sv, begin, star - begin);
                            sv_catpvn(sv, PL_oldname, oldlen);
                            begin = ++star;
                        } while ((star = strchr(begin, '*')));
                        if (*begin)
                            sv_catpv(sv,begin);
                    }
                    else {
                        sv_catpv(sv,PL_inplace);
                    }
#ifndef FLEXFILENAMES
                    if ((PerlLIO_stat(SvPVX(sv),&PL_statbuf) >= 0
                         && PL_statbuf.st_dev == filedev
                         && PL_statbuf.st_ino == fileino)
#ifdef DJGPP
                        || ((_djstat_fail_bits & _STFAIL_TRUENAME)!=0)
#endif
                      )
                    {
                        if (ckWARN_d(WARN_INPLACE))     
                            Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INPLACE),
                              "Can't do inplace edit: %"SVf" would not be unique",
                              sv);
                        do_close(gv,FALSE);
                        continue;
                    }
#endif
#ifdef HAS_RENAME
#if !defined(DOSISH) && !defined(__CYGWIN__) && !defined(EPOC)
                    if (PerlLIO_rename(PL_oldname,SvPVX(sv)) < 0) {
                        if (ckWARN_d(WARN_INPLACE))     
                            Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INPLACE),
                              "Can't rename %s to %"SVf": %s, skipping file",
                              PL_oldname, sv, Strerror(errno) );
                        do_close(gv,FALSE);
                        continue;
                    }
#else
                    do_close(gv,FALSE);
                    (void)PerlLIO_unlink(SvPVX(sv));
                    (void)PerlLIO_rename(PL_oldname,SvPVX(sv));
                    do_open(gv,SvPVX(sv),SvCUR(sv),PL_inplace!=0,O_RDONLY,0,Nullfp);
#endif /* DOSISH */
#else
                    (void)UNLINK(SvPVX(sv));
                    if (link(PL_oldname,SvPVX(sv)) < 0) {
                        if (ckWARN_d(WARN_INPLACE))     
                            Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INPLACE),
                              "Can't rename %s to %"SVf": %s, skipping file",
                              PL_oldname, sv, Strerror(errno) );
                        do_close(gv,FALSE);
                        continue;
                    }
                    (void)UNLINK(PL_oldname);
#endif
                }
                else {
#if !defined(DOSISH) && !defined(AMIGAOS)
#  ifndef VMS  /* Don't delete; use automatic file versioning */
                    if (UNLINK(PL_oldname) < 0) {
                        if (ckWARN_d(WARN_INPLACE))     
                            Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INPLACE),
                              "Can't remove %s: %s, skipping file",
                              PL_oldname, Strerror(errno) );
                        do_close(gv,FALSE);
                        continue;
                    }
#  endif
#else
                    Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do inplace edit without backup");
#endif
                }

                sv_setpvn(sv,">",!PL_inplace);
                sv_catpvn(sv,PL_oldname,oldlen);
                SETERRNO(0,0);          /* in case sprintf set errno */
#ifdef VMS
                if (!do_open(PL_argvoutgv,SvPVX(sv),SvCUR(sv),PL_inplace!=0,
                 O_WRONLY|O_CREAT|O_TRUNC,0,Nullfp))
#else
                if (!do_open(PL_argvoutgv,SvPVX(sv),SvCUR(sv),PL_inplace!=0,
                             O_WRONLY|O_CREAT|OPEN_EXCL,0666,Nullfp))
#endif
                {
                    if (ckWARN_d(WARN_INPLACE)) 
                        Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INPLACE), "Can't do inplace edit on %s: %s",
                          PL_oldname, Strerror(errno) );
                    do_close(gv,FALSE);
                    continue;
                }
                setdefout(PL_argvoutgv);
                PL_lastfd = PerlIO_fileno(IoIFP(GvIOp(PL_argvoutgv)));
                (void)PerlLIO_fstat(PL_lastfd,&PL_statbuf);
#ifdef HAS_FCHMOD
                (void)fchmod(PL_lastfd,PL_filemode);
#else
#  if !(defined(WIN32) && defined(__BORLANDC__))
                /* Borland runtime creates a readonly file! */
                (void)PerlLIO_chmod(PL_oldname,PL_filemode);
#  endif
#endif
                if (fileuid != PL_statbuf.st_uid || filegid != PL_statbuf.st_gid) {
#ifdef HAS_FCHOWN
                    (void)fchown(PL_lastfd,fileuid,filegid);
#else
#ifdef HAS_CHOWN
                    (void)PerlLIO_chown(PL_oldname,fileuid,filegid);
#endif
#endif
                }
            }
            return IoIFP(GvIOp(gv));
        }
        else {
            if (ckWARN_d(WARN_INPLACE)) {
                int eno = errno;
                if (PerlLIO_stat(PL_oldname, &PL_statbuf) >= 0
                    && !S_ISREG(PL_statbuf.st_mode))    
                {
                    Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INPLACE),
                                "Can't do inplace edit: %s is not a regular file",
                                PL_oldname);
                }
                else
                    Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INPLACE), "Can't open %s: %s",
                                PL_oldname, Strerror(eno));
            }
        }
    }
    if (io && (IoFLAGS(io) & IOf_ARGV))
        IoFLAGS(io) |= IOf_START;
    if (PL_inplace) {
        (void)do_close(PL_argvoutgv,FALSE);
        if (io && (IoFLAGS(io) & IOf_ARGV)
            && PL_argvout_stack && AvFILLp(PL_argvout_stack) >= 0)
        {
            GV *oldout = (GV*)av_pop(PL_argvout_stack);
            setdefout(oldout);
            SvREFCNT_dec(oldout);
            return Nullfp;
        }
        setdefout(gv_fetchpv("STDOUT",TRUE,SVt_PVIO));
    }
    return Nullfp;
}

#ifdef HAS_PIPE
void
Perl_do_pipe(pTHX_ SV *sv, GV *rgv, GV *wgv)
{
    register IO *rstio;
    register IO *wstio;
    int fd[2];

    if (!rgv)
        goto badexit;
    if (!wgv)
        goto badexit;

    rstio = GvIOn(rgv);
    wstio = GvIOn(wgv);

    if (IoIFP(rstio))
        do_close(rgv,FALSE);
    if (IoIFP(wstio))
        do_close(wgv,FALSE);

    if (PerlProc_pipe(fd) < 0)
        goto badexit;
    IoIFP(rstio) = PerlIO_fdopen(fd[0], "r"PIPE_OPEN_MODE);
    IoOFP(wstio) = PerlIO_fdopen(fd[1], "w"PIPE_OPEN_MODE);
    IoOFP(rstio) = IoIFP(rstio);
    IoIFP(wstio) = IoOFP(wstio);
    IoTYPE(rstio) = IoTYPE_RDONLY;
    IoTYPE(wstio) = IoTYPE_WRONLY;
    if (!IoIFP(rstio) || !IoOFP(wstio)) {
        if (IoIFP(rstio)) PerlIO_close(IoIFP(rstio));
        else PerlLIO_close(fd[0]);
        if (IoOFP(wstio)) PerlIO_close(IoOFP(wstio));
        else PerlLIO_close(fd[1]);
        goto badexit;
    }

    sv_setsv(sv,&PL_sv_yes);
    return;

badexit:
    sv_setsv(sv,&PL_sv_undef);
    return;
}
#endif

/* explicit renamed to avoid C++ conflict    -- kja */
bool
Perl_do_close(pTHX_ GV *gv, bool not_implicit)
{
    bool retval;
    IO *io;

    if (!gv)
        gv = PL_argvgv;
    if (!gv || SvTYPE(gv) != SVt_PVGV) {
        if (not_implicit)
            SETERRNO(EBADF,SS_IVCHAN);
        return FALSE;
    }
    io = GvIO(gv);
    if (!io) {          /* never opened */
        if (not_implicit) {
            if (ckWARN(WARN_UNOPENED)) /* no check for closed here */
                report_evil_fh(gv, io, PL_op->op_type);
            SETERRNO(EBADF,SS_IVCHAN);
        }
        return FALSE;
    }
    retval = io_close(io, not_implicit);
    if (not_implicit) {
        IoLINES(io) = 0;
        IoPAGE(io) = 0;
        IoLINES_LEFT(io) = IoPAGE_LEN(io);
    }
    IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_CLOSED;
    return retval;
}

bool
Perl_io_close(pTHX_ IO *io, bool not_implicit)
{
    bool retval = FALSE;
    int status;

    if (IoIFP(io)) {
        if (IoTYPE(io) == IoTYPE_PIPE) {
            status = PerlProc_pclose(IoIFP(io));
            if (not_implicit) {
                STATUS_NATIVE_SET(status);
                retval = (STATUS_POSIX == 0);
            }
            else {
                retval = (status != -1);
            }
        }
        else if (IoTYPE(io) == IoTYPE_STD)
            retval = TRUE;
        else {
            if (IoOFP(io) && IoOFP(io) != IoIFP(io)) {          /* a socket */
                bool prev_err = PerlIO_error(IoOFP(io));
                retval = (PerlIO_close(IoOFP(io)) != EOF && !prev_err);
                PerlIO_close(IoIFP(io));        /* clear stdio, fd already closed */
            }
            else {
                bool prev_err = PerlIO_error(IoIFP(io));
                retval = (PerlIO_close(IoIFP(io)) != EOF && !prev_err);
            }
        }
        IoOFP(io) = IoIFP(io) = Nullfp;
    }
    else if (not_implicit) {
        SETERRNO(EBADF,SS_IVCHAN);
    }

    return retval;
}

bool
Perl_do_eof(pTHX_ GV *gv)
{
    register IO *io;
    int ch;

    io = GvIO(gv);

    if (!io)
        return TRUE;
    else if (ckWARN(WARN_IO) && (IoTYPE(io) == IoTYPE_WRONLY))
        report_evil_fh(gv, io, OP_phoney_OUTPUT_ONLY);

    while (IoIFP(io)) {
        int saverrno;

        if (PerlIO_has_cntptr(IoIFP(io))) {     /* (the code works without this) */
            if (PerlIO_get_cnt(IoIFP(io)) > 0)  /* cheat a little, since */
                return FALSE;                   /* this is the most usual case */
        }

        saverrno = errno; /* getc and ungetc can stomp on errno */
        ch = PerlIO_getc(IoIFP(io));
        if (ch != EOF) {
            (void)PerlIO_ungetc(IoIFP(io),ch);
            errno = saverrno;
            return FALSE;
        }
        errno = saverrno;

        if (PerlIO_has_cntptr(IoIFP(io)) && PerlIO_canset_cnt(IoIFP(io))) {
            if (PerlIO_get_cnt(IoIFP(io)) < -1)
                PerlIO_set_cnt(IoIFP(io),-1);
        }
        if (PL_op->op_flags & OPf_SPECIAL) { /* not necessarily a real EOF yet? */
            if (gv != PL_argvgv || !nextargv(gv))       /* get another fp handy */
                return TRUE;
        }
        else
            return TRUE;                /* normal fp, definitely end of file */
    }
    return TRUE;
}

Off_t
Perl_do_tell(pTHX_ GV *gv)
{
    register IO *io = 0;
    register PerlIO *fp;

    if (gv && (io = GvIO(gv)) && (fp = IoIFP(io))) {
#ifdef ULTRIX_STDIO_BOTCH
        if (PerlIO_eof(fp))
            (void)PerlIO_seek(fp, 0L, 2);       /* ultrix 1.2 workaround */
#endif
        return PerlIO_tell(fp);
    }
    if (ckWARN2(WARN_UNOPENED,WARN_CLOSED))
        report_evil_fh(gv, io, PL_op->op_type);
    SETERRNO(EBADF,RMS_IFI);
    return (Off_t)-1;
}

bool
Perl_do_seek(pTHX_ GV *gv, Off_t pos, int whence)
{
    register IO *io = 0;
    register PerlIO *fp;

    if (gv && (io = GvIO(gv)) && (fp = IoIFP(io))) {
#ifdef ULTRIX_STDIO_BOTCH
        if (PerlIO_eof(fp))
            (void)PerlIO_seek(fp, 0L, 2);       /* ultrix 1.2 workaround */
#endif
        return PerlIO_seek(fp, pos, whence) >= 0;
    }
    if (ckWARN2(WARN_UNOPENED,WARN_CLOSED))
        report_evil_fh(gv, io, PL_op->op_type);
    SETERRNO(EBADF,RMS_IFI);
    return FALSE;
}

Off_t
Perl_do_sysseek(pTHX_ GV *gv, Off_t pos, int whence)
{
    register IO *io = 0;
    register PerlIO *fp;

    if (gv && (io = GvIO(gv)) && (fp = IoIFP(io)))
        return PerlLIO_lseek(PerlIO_fileno(fp), pos, whence);
    if (ckWARN2(WARN_UNOPENED,WARN_CLOSED))
        report_evil_fh(gv, io, PL_op->op_type);
    SETERRNO(EBADF,RMS_IFI);
    return (Off_t)-1;
}

int
Perl_mode_from_discipline(pTHX_ SV *discp)
{
    int mode = O_BINARY;
    if (discp) {
        STRLEN len;
        char *s = SvPV(discp,len);
        while (*s) {
            if (*s == ':') {
                switch (s[1]) {
                case 'r':
                    if (s[2] == 'a' && s[3] == 'w'
                        && (!s[4] || s[4] == ':' || isSPACE(s[4])))
                    {
                        mode = O_BINARY;
                        s += 4;
                        len -= 4;
                        break;
                    }
                    /* FALL THROUGH */
                case 'c':
                    if (s[2] == 'r' && s[3] == 'l' && s[4] == 'f'
                        && (!s[5] || s[5] == ':' || isSPACE(s[5])))
                    {
                        mode = O_TEXT;
                        s += 5;
                        len -= 5;
                        break;
                    }
                    /* FALL THROUGH */
                default:
                    goto fail_discipline;
                }
            }
            else if (isSPACE(*s)) {
                ++s;
                --len;
            }
            else {
                char *end;
fail_discipline:
                end = strchr(s+1, ':');
                if (!end)
                    end = s+len;
#ifndef PERLIO_LAYERS
                Perl_croak(aTHX_ "IO layers (like '%.*s') unavailable", end-s, s);
#else
                len -= end-s;
                s = end;
#endif
            }
        }
    }
    return mode;
}

int
Perl_do_binmode(pTHX_ PerlIO *fp, int iotype, int mode)
{
 /* The old body of this is now in non-LAYER part of perlio.c
  * This is a stub for any XS code which might have been calling it.
  */
 char *name = ":raw";
#ifdef PERLIO_USING_CRLF
 if (!(mode & O_BINARY))
     name = ":crlf";
#endif
 return PerlIO_binmode(aTHX_ fp, iotype, mode, name);
}

#if !defined(HAS_TRUNCATE) && !defined(HAS_CHSIZE)
I32 my_chsize(fd, length)
I32 fd;                 /* file descriptor */
Off_t length;           /* length to set file to */
{
#ifdef F_FREESP
        /* code courtesy of William Kucharski */
#define HAS_CHSIZE

    struct flock fl;
    Stat_t filebuf;

    if (PerlLIO_fstat(fd, &filebuf) < 0)
        return -1;

    if (filebuf.st_size < length) {

        /* extend file length */

        if ((PerlLIO_lseek(fd, (length - 1), 0)) < 0)
            return -1;

        /* write a "0" byte */

        if ((PerlLIO_write(fd, "", 1)) != 1)
            return -1;
    }
    else {
        /* truncate length */

        fl.l_whence = 0;
        fl.l_len = 0;
        fl.l_start = length;
        fl.l_type = F_WRLCK;    /* write lock on file space */

        /*
        * This relies on the UNDOCUMENTED F_FREESP argument to
        * fcntl(2), which truncates the file so that it ends at the
        * position indicated by fl.l_start.
        *
        * Will minor miracles never cease?
        */

        if (fcntl(fd, F_FREESP, &fl) < 0)
            return -1;

    }

    return 0;
#else
    dTHX;
    DIE(aTHX_ "truncate not implemented");
#endif /* F_FREESP */
}
#endif /* !HAS_TRUNCATE && !HAS_CHSIZE */

bool
Perl_do_print(pTHX_ register SV *sv, PerlIO *fp)
{
    register char *tmps;
    STRLEN len;

    /* assuming fp is checked earlier */
    if (!sv)
        return TRUE;
    if (PL_ofmt) {
        if (SvGMAGICAL(sv))
            mg_get(sv);
        if (SvIOK(sv) && SvIVX(sv) != 0) {
            PerlIO_printf(fp, PL_ofmt, (NV)SvIVX(sv));
            return !PerlIO_error(fp);
        }
        if (  (SvNOK(sv) && SvNVX(sv) != 0.0)
           || (looks_like_number(sv) && sv_2nv(sv) != 0.0) ) {
            PerlIO_printf(fp, PL_ofmt, SvNVX(sv));
            return !PerlIO_error(fp);
        }
    }
    switch (SvTYPE(sv)) {
    case SVt_NULL:
        if (ckWARN(WARN_UNINITIALIZED))
            report_uninit();
        return TRUE;
    case SVt_IV:
        if (SvIOK(sv)) {
            if (SvGMAGICAL(sv))
                mg_get(sv);
            if (SvIsUV(sv))
                PerlIO_printf(fp, "%"UVuf, (UV)SvUVX(sv));
            else
                PerlIO_printf(fp, "%"IVdf, (IV)SvIVX(sv));
            return !PerlIO_error(fp);
        }
        /* FALL THROUGH */
    default:
        if (PerlIO_isutf8(fp)) {
            if (!SvUTF8(sv))
                sv_utf8_upgrade_flags(sv = sv_mortalcopy(sv),
                                      SV_GMAGIC|SV_UTF8_NO_ENCODING);
        }
        else if (DO_UTF8(sv)) {
            if (!sv_utf8_downgrade((sv = sv_mortalcopy(sv)), TRUE)
                && ckWARN_d(WARN_UTF8))
            {
                Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_UTF8), "Wide character in print");
            }
        }
        tmps = SvPV(sv, len);
        break;
    }
    /* To detect whether the process is about to overstep its
     * filesize limit we would need getrlimit().  We could then
     * also transparently raise the limit with setrlimit() --
     * but only until the system hard limit/the filesystem limit,
     * at which we would get EPERM.  Note that when using buffered
     * io the write failure can be delayed until the flush/close. --jhi */
    if (len && (PerlIO_write(fp,tmps,len) == 0))
        return FALSE;
    return !PerlIO_error(fp);
}

I32
Perl_my_stat(pTHX)
{
    dSP;
    IO *io;
    GV* gv;

    if (PL_op->op_flags & OPf_REF) {
        EXTEND(SP,1);
        gv = cGVOP_gv;
      do_fstat:
        io = GvIO(gv);
        if (io && IoIFP(io)) {
            PL_statgv = gv;
            sv_setpv(PL_statname,"");
            PL_laststype = OP_STAT;
            return (PL_laststatval = PerlLIO_fstat(PerlIO_fileno(IoIFP(io)), &PL_statcache));
        }
        else {
            if (gv == PL_defgv)
                return PL_laststatval;
            if (ckWARN2(WARN_UNOPENED,WARN_CLOSED))
                report_evil_fh(gv, io, PL_op->op_type);
            PL_statgv = Nullgv;
            sv_setpv(PL_statname,"");
            return (PL_laststatval = -1);
        }
    }
    else {
        SV* sv = POPs;
        char *s;
        STRLEN len;
        PUTBACK;
        if (SvTYPE(sv) == SVt_PVGV) {
            gv = (GV*)sv;
            goto do_fstat;
        }
        else if (SvROK(sv) && SvTYPE(SvRV(sv)) == SVt_PVGV) {
            gv = (GV*)SvRV(sv);
            goto do_fstat;
        }

        s = SvPV(sv, len);
        PL_statgv = Nullgv;
        sv_setpvn(PL_statname, s, len);
        s = SvPVX(PL_statname);         /* s now NUL-terminated */
        PL_laststype = OP_STAT;
        PL_laststatval = PerlLIO_stat(s, &PL_statcache);
        if (PL_laststatval < 0 && ckWARN(WARN_NEWLINE) && strchr(s, '\n'))
            Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_NEWLINE), PL_warn_nl, "stat");
        return PL_laststatval;
    }
}

I32
Perl_my_lstat(pTHX)
{
    dSP;
    SV *sv;
    STRLEN n_a;
    if (PL_op->op_flags & OPf_REF) {
        EXTEND(SP,1);
        if (cGVOP_gv == PL_defgv) {
            if (PL_laststype != OP_LSTAT)
                Perl_croak(aTHX_ "The stat preceding -l _ wasn't an lstat");
            return PL_laststatval;
        }
        if (ckWARN(WARN_IO)) {
            Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_IO), "Use of -l on filehandle %s",
                    GvENAME(cGVOP_gv));
            return (PL_laststatval = -1);
        }
    }

    PL_laststype = OP_LSTAT;
    PL_statgv = Nullgv;
    sv = POPs;
    PUTBACK;
    if (SvROK(sv) && SvTYPE(SvRV(sv)) == SVt_PVGV && ckWARN(WARN_IO)) {
        Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_IO), "Use of -l on filehandle %s",
                GvENAME((GV*) SvRV(sv)));
        return (PL_laststatval = -1);
    }
    sv_setpv(PL_statname,SvPV(sv, n_a));
    PL_laststatval = PerlLIO_lstat(SvPV(sv, n_a),&PL_statcache);
    if (PL_laststatval < 0 && ckWARN(WARN_NEWLINE) && strchr(SvPV(sv, n_a), '\n'))
        Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_NEWLINE), PL_warn_nl, "lstat");
    return PL_laststatval;
}

#ifndef OS2
bool
Perl_do_aexec(pTHX_ SV *really, register SV **mark, register SV **sp)
{
    return do_aexec5(really, mark, sp, 0, 0);
}
#endif

bool
Perl_do_aexec5(pTHX_ SV *really, register SV **mark, register SV **sp,
               int fd, int do_report)
{
#ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
    Perl_croak(aTHX_ "exec? I'm not *that* kind of operating system");
#else
    register char **a;
    char *tmps = Nullch;
    STRLEN n_a;

    if (sp > mark) {
        New(401,PL_Argv, sp - mark + 1, char*);
        a = PL_Argv;
        while (++mark <= sp) {
            if (*mark)
                *a++ = SvPVx(*mark, n_a);
            else
                *a++ = "";
        }
        *a = Nullch;
        if (really)
            tmps = SvPV(really, n_a);
        if ((!really && *PL_Argv[0] != '/') ||
            (really && *tmps != '/'))           /* will execvp use PATH? */
            TAINT_ENV();                /* testing IFS here is overkill, probably */
        PERL_FPU_PRE_EXEC
        if (really && *tmps)
            PerlProc_execvp(tmps,EXEC_ARGV_CAST(PL_Argv));
        else
            PerlProc_execvp(PL_Argv[0],EXEC_ARGV_CAST(PL_Argv));
        PERL_FPU_POST_EXEC
        if (ckWARN(WARN_EXEC))
            Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_EXEC), "Can't exec \"%s\": %s",
                (really ? tmps : PL_Argv[0]), Strerror(errno));
        if (do_report) {
            int e = errno;

            PerlLIO_write(fd, (void*)&e, sizeof(int));
            PerlLIO_close(fd);
        }
    }
    do_execfree();
#endif
    return FALSE;
}

void
Perl_do_execfree(pTHX)
{
    if (PL_Argv) {
        Safefree(PL_Argv);
        PL_Argv = Null(char **);
    }
    if (PL_Cmd) {
        Safefree(PL_Cmd);
        PL_Cmd = Nullch;
    }
}

#if !defined(OS2) && !defined(WIN32) && !defined(DJGPP) && !defined(EPOC) && !defined(MACOS_TRADITIONAL)

bool
Perl_do_exec(pTHX_ char *cmd)
{
    return do_exec3(cmd,0,0);
}

bool
Perl_do_exec3(pTHX_ char *cmd, int fd, int do_report)
{
    register char **a;
    register char *s;

    while (*cmd && isSPACE(*cmd))
        cmd++;

    /* save an extra exec if possible */

#ifdef CSH
    {
        char flags[PERL_FLAGS_MAX];
        if (strnEQ(cmd,PL_cshname,PL_cshlen) &&
            strnEQ(cmd+PL_cshlen," -c",3)) {
#ifdef HAS_STRLCPY
          strlcpy(flags, "-c", PERL_FLAGS_MAX);
#else
          strcpy(flags,"-c");
#endif
          s = cmd+PL_cshlen+3;
          if (*s == 'f') {
              s++;
#ifdef HAS_STRLCPY
              strlcat(flags, "f", PERL_FLAGS_MAX);
#else
              strcat(flags,"f");
#endif
          }
          if (*s == ' ')
              s++;
          if (*s++ == '\'') {
              char *ncmd = s;

              while (*s)
                  s++;
              if (s[-1] == '\n')
                  *--s = '\0';
              if (s[-1] == '\'') {
                  *--s = '\0';
                  PERL_FPU_PRE_EXEC
                  PerlProc_execl(PL_cshname,"csh", flags, ncmd, (char*)0);
                  PERL_FPU_POST_EXEC
                  *s = '\'';
                  return FALSE;
              }
          }
        }
    }
#endif /* CSH */

    /* see if there are shell metacharacters in it */

    if (*cmd == '.' && isSPACE(cmd[1]))
        goto doshell;

    if (strnEQ(cmd,"exec",4) && isSPACE(cmd[4]))
        goto doshell;

    for (s = cmd; *s && isALNUM(*s); s++) ;     /* catch VAR=val gizmo */
    if (*s == '=')
        goto doshell;

    for (s = cmd; *s; s++) {
        if (*s != ' ' && !isALPHA(*s) &&
            strchr("$&*(){}[]'\";\\|?<>~`\n",*s)) {
            if (*s == '\n' && !s[1]) {
                *s = '\0';
                break;
            }
            /* handle the 2>&1 construct at the end */
            if (*s == '>' && s[1] == '&' && s[2] == '1'
                && s > cmd + 1 && s[-1] == '2' && isSPACE(s[-2])
                && (!s[3] || isSPACE(s[3])))
            {
                char *t = s + 3;

                while (*t && isSPACE(*t))
                    ++t;
                if (!*t && (PerlLIO_dup2(1,2) != -1)) {
                    s[-2] = '\0';
                    break;
                }
            }
          doshell:
            PERL_FPU_PRE_EXEC
            PerlProc_execl(PL_sh_path, "sh", "-c", cmd, (char*)0);
            PERL_FPU_POST_EXEC
            return FALSE;
        }
    }

    New(402,PL_Argv, (s - cmd) / 2 + 2, char*);
    PL_Cmd = savepvn(cmd, s-cmd);
    a = PL_Argv;
    for (s = PL_Cmd; *s;) {
        while (*s && isSPACE(*s)) s++;
        if (*s)
            *(a++) = s;
        while (*s && !isSPACE(*s)) s++;
        if (*s)
            *s++ = '\0';
    }
    *a = Nullch;
    if (PL_Argv[0]) {
        PERL_FPU_PRE_EXEC
        PerlProc_execvp(PL_Argv[0],PL_Argv);
        PERL_FPU_POST_EXEC
        if (errno == ENOEXEC) {         /* for system V NIH syndrome */
            do_execfree();
            goto doshell;
        }
        {
            int e = errno;

            if (ckWARN(WARN_EXEC))
                Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_EXEC), "Can't exec \"%s\": %s",
                    PL_Argv[0], Strerror(errno));
            if (do_report) {
                PerlLIO_write(fd, (void*)&e, sizeof(int));
                PerlLIO_close(fd);
            }
        }
    }
    do_execfree();
    return FALSE;
}

#endif /* OS2 || WIN32 */

I32
Perl_apply(pTHX_ I32 type, register SV **mark, register SV **sp)
{
    register I32 val;
    register I32 val2;
    register I32 tot = 0;
    char *what;
    char *s;
    SV **oldmark = mark;
    STRLEN n_a;

#define APPLY_TAINT_PROPER() \
    STMT_START {                                                        \
        if (PL_tainted) { TAINT_PROPER(what); }                         \
    } STMT_END

    /* This is a first heuristic; it doesn't catch tainting magic. */
    if (PL_tainting) {
        while (++mark <= sp) {
            if (SvTAINTED(*mark)) {
                TAINT;
                break;
            }
        }
        mark = oldmark;
    }
    switch (type) {
    case OP_CHMOD:
        what = "chmod";
        APPLY_TAINT_PROPER();
        if (++mark <= sp) {
            val = SvIVx(*mark);
            APPLY_TAINT_PROPER();
            tot = sp - mark;
            while (++mark <= sp) {
                char *name = SvPVx(*mark, n_a);
                APPLY_TAINT_PROPER();
                if (PerlLIO_chmod(name, val))
                    tot--;
            }
        }
        break;
#ifdef HAS_CHOWN
    case OP_CHOWN:
        what = "chown";
        APPLY_TAINT_PROPER();
        if (sp - mark > 2) {
            val = SvIVx(*++mark);
            val2 = SvIVx(*++mark);
            APPLY_TAINT_PROPER();
            tot = sp - mark;
            while (++mark <= sp) {
                char *name = SvPVx(*mark, n_a);
                APPLY_TAINT_PROPER();
                if (PerlLIO_chown(name, val, val2))
                    tot--;
            }
        }
        break;
#endif
/*
XXX Should we make lchown() directly available from perl?
For now, we'll let Configure test for HAS_LCHOWN, but do
nothing in the core.
    --AD  5/1998
*/
#ifdef HAS_KILL
    case OP_KILL:
        what = "kill";
        APPLY_TAINT_PROPER();
        if (mark == sp)
            break;
        s = SvPVx(*++mark, n_a);
        if (isALPHA(*s)) {
            if (*s == 'S' && s[1] == 'I' && s[2] == 'G')
                s += 3;
            if ((val = whichsig(s)) < 0)
                Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Unrecognized signal name \"%s\"",s);
        }
        else
            val = SvIVx(*mark);
        APPLY_TAINT_PROPER();
        tot = sp - mark;
#ifdef VMS
        /* kill() doesn't do process groups (job trees?) under VMS */
        if (val < 0) val = -val;
        if (val == SIGKILL) {
#           include <starlet.h>
            /* Use native sys$delprc() to insure that target process is
             * deleted; supervisor-mode images don't pay attention to
             * CRTL's emulation of Unix-style signals and kill()
             */
            while (++mark <= sp) {
                I32 proc = SvIVx(*mark);
                register unsigned long int __vmssts;
                APPLY_TAINT_PROPER();
                if (!((__vmssts = sys$delprc(&proc,0)) & 1)) {
                    tot--;
                    switch (__vmssts) {
                        case SS$_NONEXPR:
                        case SS$_NOSUCHNODE:
                            SETERRNO(ESRCH,__vmssts);
                            break;
                        case SS$_NOPRIV:
                            SETERRNO(EPERM,__vmssts);
                            break;
                        default:
                            SETERRNO(EVMSERR,__vmssts);
                    }
                }
            }
            break;
        }
#endif
        if (val < 0) {
            val = -val;
            while (++mark <= sp) {
                I32 proc = SvIVx(*mark);
                APPLY_TAINT_PROPER();
#ifdef HAS_KILLPG
                if (PerlProc_killpg(proc,val))  /* BSD */
#else
                if (PerlProc_kill(-proc,val))   /* SYSV */
#endif
                    tot--;
            }
        }
        else {
            while (++mark <= sp) {
                I32 proc = SvIVx(*mark);
                APPLY_TAINT_PROPER();
                if (PerlProc_kill(proc, val))
                    tot--;
            }
        }
        break;
#endif
    case OP_UNLINK:
        what = "unlink";
        APPLY_TAINT_PROPER();
        tot = sp - mark;
        while (++mark <= sp) {
            s = SvPVx(*mark, n_a);
            APPLY_TAINT_PROPER();
            if (PL_euid || PL_unsafe) {
                if (UNLINK(s))
                    tot--;
            }
            else {      /* don't let root wipe out directories without -U */
                if (PerlLIO_lstat(s,&PL_statbuf) < 0 || S_ISDIR(PL_statbuf.st_mode))
                    tot--;
                else {
                    if (UNLINK(s))
                        tot--;
                }
            }
        }
        break;
#ifdef HAS_UTIME
    case OP_UTIME:
        what = "utime";
        APPLY_TAINT_PROPER();
        if (sp - mark > 2) {
#if defined(I_UTIME) || defined(VMS)
            struct utimbuf utbuf;
#else
            struct {
                Time_t  actime;
                Time_t  modtime;
            } utbuf;
#endif

           SV* accessed = *++mark;
           SV* modified = *++mark;
           void * utbufp = &utbuf;

           /* Be like C, and if both times are undefined, let the C
            * library figure out what to do.  This usually means
            * "current time". */

           if ( accessed == &PL_sv_undef && modified == &PL_sv_undef )
                utbufp = NULL;
           else {
                Zero(&utbuf, sizeof utbuf, char);
#ifdef BIG_TIME
                utbuf.actime = (Time_t)SvNVx(accessed);  /* time accessed */
                utbuf.modtime = (Time_t)SvNVx(modified); /* time modified */
#else
                utbuf.actime = (Time_t)SvIVx(accessed);  /* time accessed */
                utbuf.modtime = (Time_t)SvIVx(modified); /* time modified */
#endif
            }
            APPLY_TAINT_PROPER();
            tot = sp - mark;
            while (++mark <= sp) {
                char *name = SvPVx(*mark, n_a);
                APPLY_TAINT_PROPER();
               if (PerlLIO_utime(name, utbufp))
                    tot--;
            }
        }
        else
            tot = 0;
        break;
#endif
    }
    return tot;

#undef APPLY_TAINT_PROPER
}

/* Do the permissions allow some operation?  Assumes statcache already set. */
#ifndef VMS /* VMS' cando is in vms.c */
bool
Perl_cando(pTHX_ Mode_t mode, Uid_t effective, register Stat_t *statbufp)
/* Note: we use `effective' both for uids and gids.
 * Here we are betting on Uid_t being equal or wider than Gid_t.  */
{
#ifdef DOSISH
    /* [Comments and code from Len Reed]
     * MS-DOS "user" is similar to UNIX's "superuser," but can't write
     * to write-protected files.  The execute permission bit is set
     * by the Miscrosoft C library stat() function for the following:
     *          .exe files
     *          .com files
     *          .bat files
     *          directories
     * All files and directories are readable.
     * Directories and special files, e.g. "CON", cannot be
     * write-protected.
     * [Comment by Tom Dinger -- a directory can have the write-protect
     *          bit set in the file system, but DOS permits changes to
     *          the directory anyway.  In addition, all bets are off
     *          here for networked software, such as Novell and
     *          Sun's PC-NFS.]
     */

     /* Atari stat() does pretty much the same thing. we set x_bit_set_in_stat
      * too so it will actually look into the files for magic numbers
      */
     return (mode & statbufp->st_mode) ? TRUE : FALSE;

#else /* ! DOSISH */
    if ((effective ? PL_euid : PL_uid) == 0) {  /* root is special */
        if (mode == S_IXUSR) {
            if (statbufp->st_mode & 0111 || S_ISDIR(statbufp->st_mode))
                return TRUE;
        }
        else
            return TRUE;                /* root reads and writes anything */
        return FALSE;
    }
    if (statbufp->st_uid == (effective ? PL_euid : PL_uid) ) {
        if (statbufp->st_mode & mode)
            return TRUE;        /* ok as "user" */
    }
    else if (ingroup(statbufp->st_gid,effective)) {
        if (statbufp->st_mode & mode >> 3)
            return TRUE;        /* ok as "group" */
    }
    else if (statbufp->st_mode & mode >> 6)
        return TRUE;    /* ok as "other" */
    return FALSE;
#endif /* ! DOSISH */
}
#endif /* ! VMS */

bool
Perl_ingroup(pTHX_ Gid_t testgid, Uid_t effective)
{
#ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
    /* This is simply not correct for AppleShare, but fix it yerself. */
    return TRUE;
#else
    if (testgid == (effective ? PL_egid : PL_gid))
        return TRUE;
#ifdef HAS_GETGROUPS
#ifndef NGROUPS
#define NGROUPS 32
#endif
    {
        Groups_t gary[NGROUPS];
        I32 anum;

        anum = getgroups(NGROUPS,gary);
        while (--anum >= 0)
            if (gary[anum] == testgid)
                return TRUE;
    }
#endif
    return FALSE;
#endif
}

#if defined(HAS_MSG) || defined(HAS_SEM) || defined(HAS_SHM)

I32
Perl_do_ipcget(pTHX_ I32 optype, SV **mark, SV **sp)
{
    key_t key;
    I32 n, flags;

    key = (key_t)SvNVx(*++mark);
    n = (optype == OP_MSGGET) ? 0 : SvIVx(*++mark);
    flags = SvIVx(*++mark);
    SETERRNO(0,0);
    switch (optype)
    {
#ifdef HAS_MSG
    case OP_MSGGET:
        return msgget(key, flags);
#endif
#ifdef HAS_SEM
    case OP_SEMGET:
        return semget(key, n, flags);
#endif
#ifdef HAS_SHM
    case OP_SHMGET:
        return shmget(key, n, flags);
#endif
#if !defined(HAS_MSG) || !defined(HAS_SEM) || !defined(HAS_SHM)
    default:
        Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s not implemented", PL_op_desc[optype]);
#endif
    }
    return -1;                  /* should never happen */
}

I32
Perl_do_ipcctl(pTHX_ I32 optype, SV **mark, SV **sp)
{
    SV *astr;
    char *a;
    I32 id, n, cmd, infosize, getinfo;
    I32 ret = -1;

    id = SvIVx(*++mark);
    n = (optype == OP_SEMCTL) ? SvIVx(*++mark) : 0;
    cmd = SvIVx(*++mark);
    astr = *++mark;
    infosize = 0;
    getinfo = (cmd == IPC_STAT);

    switch (optype)
    {
#ifdef HAS_MSG
    case OP_MSGCTL:
        if (cmd == IPC_STAT || cmd == IPC_SET)
            infosize = sizeof(struct msqid_ds);
        break;
#endif
#ifdef HAS_SHM
    case OP_SHMCTL:
        if (cmd == IPC_STAT || cmd == IPC_SET)
            infosize = sizeof(struct shmid_ds);
        break;
#endif
#ifdef HAS_SEM
    case OP_SEMCTL:
#ifdef Semctl
        if (cmd == IPC_STAT || cmd == IPC_SET)
            infosize = sizeof(struct semid_ds);
        else if (cmd == GETALL || cmd == SETALL)
        {
            struct semid_ds semds;
            union semun semun;
#ifdef EXTRA_F_IN_SEMUN_BUF
            semun.buff = &semds;
#else
            semun.buf = &semds;
#endif
            getinfo = (cmd == GETALL);
            if (Semctl(id, 0, IPC_STAT, semun) == -1)
                return -1;
            infosize = semds.sem_nsems * sizeof(short);
                /* "short" is technically wrong but much more portable
                   than guessing about u_?short(_t)? */
        }
#else
        Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s not implemented", PL_op_desc[optype]);
#endif
        break;
#endif
#if !defined(HAS_MSG) || !defined(HAS_SEM) || !defined(HAS_SHM)
    default:
        Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s not implemented", PL_op_desc[optype]);
#endif
    }

    if (infosize)
    {
        STRLEN len;
        if (getinfo)
        {
            SvPV_force(astr, len);
            a = SvGROW(astr, infosize+1);
        }
        else
        {
            a = SvPV(astr, len);
            if (len != infosize)
                Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad arg length for %s, is %lu, should be %ld",
                      PL_op_desc[optype],
                      (unsigned long)len,
                      (long)infosize);
        }
    }
    else
    {
        IV i = SvIV(astr);
        a = INT2PTR(char *,i);          /* ouch */
    }
    SETERRNO(0,0);
    switch (optype)
    {
#ifdef HAS_MSG
    case OP_MSGCTL:
        ret = msgctl(id, cmd, (struct msqid_ds *)a);
        break;
#endif
#ifdef HAS_SEM
    case OP_SEMCTL: {
#ifdef Semctl
            union semun unsemds;

#ifdef EXTRA_F_IN_SEMUN_BUF
            unsemds.buff = (struct semid_ds *)a;
#else
            unsemds.buf = (struct semid_ds *)a;
#endif
            ret = Semctl(id, n, cmd, unsemds);
#else
            Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s not implemented", PL_op_desc[optype]);
#endif
        }
        break;
#endif
#ifdef HAS_SHM
    case OP_SHMCTL:
        ret = shmctl(id, cmd, (struct shmid_ds *)a);
        break;
#endif
    }
    if (getinfo && ret >= 0) {
        SvCUR_set(astr, infosize);
        *SvEND(astr) = '\0';
        SvSETMAGIC(astr);
    }
    return ret;
}

I32
Perl_do_msgsnd(pTHX_ SV **mark, SV **sp)
{
#ifdef HAS_MSG
    SV *mstr;
    char *mbuf;
    I32 id, msize, flags;
    STRLEN len;

    id = SvIVx(*++mark);
    mstr = *++mark;
    flags = SvIVx(*++mark);
    mbuf = SvPV(mstr, len);
    if ((msize = len - sizeof(long)) < 0)
        Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Arg too short for msgsnd");
    SETERRNO(0,0);
    return msgsnd(id, (struct msgbuf *)mbuf, msize, flags);
#else
    Perl_croak(aTHX_ "msgsnd not implemented");
#endif
}

I32
Perl_do_msgrcv(pTHX_ SV **mark, SV **sp)
{
#ifdef HAS_MSG
    SV *mstr;
    char *mbuf;
    long mtype;
    I32 id, msize, flags, ret;
    STRLEN len;

    id = SvIVx(*++mark);
    mstr = *++mark;
    /* suppress warning when reading into undef var --jhi */
    if (! SvOK(mstr))
        sv_setpvn(mstr, "", 0);
    msize = SvIVx(*++mark);
    mtype = (long)SvIVx(*++mark);
    flags = SvIVx(*++mark);
    SvPV_force(mstr, len);
    mbuf = SvGROW(mstr, sizeof(long)+msize+1);

    SETERRNO(0,0);
    ret = msgrcv(id, (struct msgbuf *)mbuf, msize, mtype, flags);
    if (ret >= 0) {
        SvCUR_set(mstr, sizeof(long)+ret);
        *SvEND(mstr) = '\0';
#ifndef INCOMPLETE_TAINTS
        /* who knows who has been playing with this message? */
        SvTAINTED_on(mstr);
#endif
    }
    return ret;
#else
    Perl_croak(aTHX_ "msgrcv not implemented");
#endif
}

I32
Perl_do_semop(pTHX_ SV **mark, SV **sp)
{
#ifdef HAS_SEM
    SV *opstr;
    char *opbuf;
    I32 id;
    STRLEN opsize;

    id = SvIVx(*++mark);
    opstr = *++mark;
    opbuf = SvPV(opstr, opsize);
    if (opsize < 3 * SHORTSIZE
        || (opsize % (3 * SHORTSIZE))) {
        SETERRNO(EINVAL,LIB_INVARG);
        return -1;
    }
    SETERRNO(0,0);
    /* We can't assume that sizeof(struct sembuf) == 3 * sizeof(short). */
    {
        int nsops  = opsize / (3 * sizeof (short));
        int i      = nsops;
        short *ops = (short *) opbuf;
        short *o   = ops;
        struct sembuf *temps, *t;
        I32 result;

        New (0, temps, nsops, struct sembuf);
        t = temps;
        while (i--) {
            t->sem_num = *o++;
            t->sem_op  = *o++;
            t->sem_flg = *o++;
            t++;
        }
        result = semop(id, temps, nsops);
        t = temps;
        o = ops;
        i = nsops;
        while (i--) {
            *o++ = t->sem_num;
            *o++ = t->sem_op;
            *o++ = t->sem_flg;
            t++;
        }
        Safefree(temps);
        return result;
    }
#else
    Perl_croak(aTHX_ "semop not implemented");
#endif
}

I32
Perl_do_shmio(pTHX_ I32 optype, SV **mark, SV **sp)
{
#ifdef HAS_SHM
    SV *mstr;
    char *mbuf, *shm;
    I32 id, mpos, msize;
    STRLEN len;
    struct shmid_ds shmds;

    id = SvIVx(*++mark);
    mstr = *++mark;
    mpos = SvIVx(*++mark);
    msize = SvIVx(*++mark);
    SETERRNO(0,0);
    if (shmctl(id, IPC_STAT, &shmds) == -1)
        return -1;
    if (mpos < 0 || msize < 0 || mpos + msize > shmds.shm_segsz) {
        SETERRNO(EFAULT,SS_ACCVIO);             /* can't do as caller requested */
        return -1;
    }
    shm = (char *)shmat(id, (char*)NULL, (optype == OP_SHMREAD) ? SHM_RDONLY : 0);
    if (shm == (char *)-1)      /* I hate System V IPC, I really do */
        return -1;
    if (optype == OP_SHMREAD) {
        /* suppress warning when reading into undef var (tchrist 3/Mar/00) */
        if (! SvOK(mstr))
            sv_setpvn(mstr, "", 0);
        SvPV_force(mstr, len);
        mbuf = SvGROW(mstr, msize+1);

        Copy(shm + mpos, mbuf, msize, char);
        SvCUR_set(mstr, msize);
        *SvEND(mstr) = '\0';
        SvSETMAGIC(mstr);
#ifndef INCOMPLETE_TAINTS
        /* who knows who has been playing with this shared memory? */
        SvTAINTED_on(mstr);
#endif
    }
    else {
        I32 n;

        mbuf = SvPV(mstr, len);
        if ((n = len) > msize)
            n = msize;
        Copy(mbuf, shm + mpos, n, char);
        if (n < msize)
            memzero(shm + mpos + n, msize - n);
    }
    return shmdt(shm);
#else
    Perl_croak(aTHX_ "shm I/O not implemented");
#endif
}

#endif /* SYSV IPC */

/*
=head1 IO Functions

=for apidoc start_glob

Function called by C<do_readline> to spawn a glob (or do the glob inside
perl on VMS). This code used to be inline, but now perl uses C<File::Glob>
this glob starter is only used by miniperl during the build process.
Moving it away shrinks pp_hot.c; shrinking pp_hot.c helps speed perl up.

=cut
*/

PerlIO *
Perl_start_glob (pTHX_ SV *tmpglob, IO *io)
{
    SV *tmpcmd = NEWSV(55, 0);
    PerlIO *fp;
    ENTER;
    SAVEFREESV(tmpcmd);
#ifdef VMS /* expand the wildcards right here, rather than opening a pipe, */
           /* since spawning off a process is a real performance hit */
    {
#include <descrip.h>
#include <lib$routines.h>
#include <nam.h>
#include <rmsdef.h>
        char rslt[NAM$C_MAXRSS+1+sizeof(unsigned short int)] = {'\0','\0'};
        char vmsspec[NAM$C_MAXRSS+1];
        char *rstr = rslt + sizeof(unsigned short int), *begin, *end, *cp;
        $DESCRIPTOR(dfltdsc,"SYS$DISK:[]*.*;");
        PerlIO *tmpfp;
        STRLEN i;
        struct dsc$descriptor_s wilddsc
            = {0, DSC$K_DTYPE_T, DSC$K_CLASS_S, 0};
        struct dsc$descriptor_vs rsdsc
            = {sizeof rslt, DSC$K_DTYPE_VT, DSC$K_CLASS_VS, rslt};
        unsigned long int cxt = 0, sts = 0, ok = 1, hasdir = 0, hasver = 0, isunix = 0;

        /* We could find out if there's an explicit dev/dir or version
           by peeking into lib$find_file's internal context at
           ((struct NAM *)((struct FAB *)cxt)->fab$l_nam)->nam$l_fnb
           but that's unsupported, so I don't want to do it now and
           have it bite someone in the future. */
        cp = SvPV(tmpglob,i);
        for (; i; i--) {
            if (cp[i] == ';') hasver = 1;
            if (cp[i] == '.') {
                if (sts) hasver = 1;
                else sts = 1;
            }
            if (cp[i] == '/') {
                hasdir = isunix = 1;
                break;
            }
            if (cp[i] == ']' || cp[i] == '>' || cp[i] == ':') {
                hasdir = 1;
                break;
            }
        }
       if ((tmpfp = PerlIO_tmpfile()) != NULL) {
            Stat_t st;
            if (!PerlLIO_stat(SvPVX(tmpglob),&st) && S_ISDIR(st.st_mode))
                ok = ((wilddsc.dsc$a_pointer = tovmspath(SvPVX(tmpglob),vmsspec)) != NULL);
            else ok = ((wilddsc.dsc$a_pointer = tovmsspec(SvPVX(tmpglob),vmsspec)) != NULL);
            if (ok) wilddsc.dsc$w_length = (unsigned short int) strlen(wilddsc.dsc$a_pointer);
            for (cp=wilddsc.dsc$a_pointer; ok && cp && *cp; cp++)
                if (*cp == '?') *cp = '%';  /* VMS style single-char wildcard */
            while (ok && ((sts = lib$find_file(&wilddsc,&rsdsc,&cxt,
                                               &dfltdsc,NULL,NULL,NULL))&1)) {
                /* with varying string, 1st word of buffer contains result length */
                end = rstr + *((unsigned short int*)rslt);
                if (!hasver) while (*end != ';' && end > rstr) end--;
                *(end++) = '\n';  *end = '\0';
                for (cp = rstr; *cp; cp++) *cp = _tolower(*cp);
                if (hasdir) {
                    if (isunix) trim_unixpath(rstr,SvPVX(tmpglob),1);
                    begin = rstr;
                }
                else {
                    begin = end;
                    while (*(--begin) != ']' && *begin != '>') ;
                    ++begin;
                }
                ok = (PerlIO_puts(tmpfp,begin) != EOF);
            }
            if (cxt) (void)lib$find_file_end(&cxt);
            if (ok && sts != RMS$_NMF &&
                sts != RMS$_DNF && sts != RMS_FNF) ok = 0;
            if (!ok) {
                if (!(sts & 1)) {
                    SETERRNO((sts == RMS$_SYN ? EINVAL : EVMSERR),sts);
                }
                PerlIO_close(tmpfp);
                fp = NULL;
            }
            else {
                PerlIO_rewind(tmpfp);
                IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_RDONLY;
                IoIFP(io) = fp = tmpfp;
                IoFLAGS(io) &= ~IOf_UNTAINT;  /* maybe redundant */
            }
        }
    }
#else /* !VMS */
#ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
    sv_setpv(tmpcmd, "glob ");
    sv_catsv(tmpcmd, tmpglob);
    sv_catpv(tmpcmd, " |");
#else
#ifdef DOSISH
#ifdef OS2
    sv_setpv(tmpcmd, "for a in ");
    sv_catsv(tmpcmd, tmpglob);
    sv_catpv(tmpcmd, "; do echo \"$a\\0\\c\"; done |");
#else
#ifdef DJGPP
    sv_setpv(tmpcmd, "/dev/dosglob/"); /* File System Extension */
    sv_catsv(tmpcmd, tmpglob);
#else
    sv_setpv(tmpcmd, "perlglob ");
    sv_catsv(tmpcmd, tmpglob);
    sv_catpv(tmpcmd, " |");
#endif /* !DJGPP */
#endif /* !OS2 */
#else /* !DOSISH */
#if defined(CSH)
    sv_setpvn(tmpcmd, PL_cshname, PL_cshlen);
    sv_catpv(tmpcmd, " -cf 'set nonomatch; glob ");
    sv_catsv(tmpcmd, tmpglob);
    sv_catpv(tmpcmd, "' 2>/dev/null |");
#else
    sv_setpv(tmpcmd, "echo ");
    sv_catsv(tmpcmd, tmpglob);
#if 'z' - 'a' == 25
    sv_catpv(tmpcmd, "|tr -s ' \t\f\r' '\\012\\012\\012\\012'|");
#else
    sv_catpv(tmpcmd, "|tr -s ' \t\f\r' '\\n\\n\\n\\n'|");
#endif
#endif /* !CSH */
#endif /* !DOSISH */
#endif /* MACOS_TRADITIONAL */
    (void)do_open(PL_last_in_gv, SvPVX(tmpcmd), SvCUR(tmpcmd),
                  FALSE, O_RDONLY, 0, Nullfp);
    fp = IoIFP(io);
#endif /* !VMS */
    LEAVE;
    return fp;
}
Revision:	1.1
Committed:	Thu Jun 30 14:26:41 2005 UTC (21 years, 3 months ago) by root
Content type:	text/plain
Branch:	MAIN
CVS Tags:	PERL-5-8-7, HEAD
Branch point for:	PERL
Log Message:	* empty log message *