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Revision 1.183 by root, Thu Sep 3 12:45:35 2009 UTC

1	package AnyEvent::Handle;
2
3	no warnings;
4	use strict qw(subs vars);
5
6	use AnyEvent ();
7	use AnyEvent::Util qw(WSAEWOULDBLOCK);
8	use Scalar::Util ();
9	use Carp ();
10	use Fcntl ();
11	use Errno qw(EAGAIN EINTR);
12
13	=head1 NAME	1	=head1 NAME
14		2
15	AnyEvent::Handle - non-blocking I/O on file handles via AnyEvent	3	AnyEvent::Handle - non-blocking I/O on file handles via AnyEvent
16
17	=cut
18
19	our $VERSION = 4.233;
20		4
21	=head1 SYNOPSIS	5	=head1 SYNOPSIS
22		6
23	use AnyEvent;	7	use AnyEvent;
24	use AnyEvent::Handle;	8	use AnyEvent::Handle;
25		9
26	my $cv = AnyEvent->condvar;	10	my $cv = AnyEvent->condvar;
27		11
28	my $handle =	12	my $hdl; $hdl = new AnyEvent::Handle
29	AnyEvent::Handle->new (
30	fh => \*STDIN,	13	fh => \*STDIN,
31	on_eof => sub {	14	on_error => sub {
32	$cv->broadcast;	15	my ($hdl, $fatal, $msg) = @_;
33	},	16	warn "got error $msg\n";
		17	$hdl->destroy;
		18	$cv->send;
34	);	19	);
35		20
36	# send some request line	21	# send some request line
37	$handle->push_write ("getinfo\015\012");	22	$hdl->push_write ("getinfo\015\012");
38		23
39	# read the response line	24	# read the response line
40	$handle->push_read (line => sub {	25	$hdl->push_read (line => sub {
41	my ($handle, $line) = @_;	26	my ($hdl, $line) = @_;
42	warn "read line <$line>\n";	27	warn "got line <$line>\n";
43	$cv->send;	28	$cv->send;
44	});	29	});
45		30
46	$cv->recv;	31	$cv->recv;
47		32
48	=head1 DESCRIPTION	33	=head1 DESCRIPTION
49		34
50	This module is a helper module to make it easier to do event-based I/O on	35	This module is a helper module to make it easier to do event-based I/O on
51	filehandles. For utility functions for doing non-blocking connects and accepts	36	filehandles.
52	on sockets see L<AnyEvent::Util>.
53		37
54	The L<AnyEvent::Intro> tutorial contains some well-documented	38	The L<AnyEvent::Intro> tutorial contains some well-documented
55	AnyEvent::Handle examples.	39	AnyEvent::Handle examples.
56		40
57	In the following, when the documentation refers to of "bytes" then this	41	In the following, when the documentation refers to of "bytes" then this
58	means characters. As sysread and syswrite are used for all I/O, their	42	means characters. As sysread and syswrite are used for all I/O, their
59	treatment of characters applies to this module as well.	43	treatment of characters applies to this module as well.
60		44
		45	At the very minimum, you should specify C<fh> or C<connect>, and the
		46	C<on_error> callback.
		47
61	All callbacks will be invoked with the handle object as their first	48	All callbacks will be invoked with the handle object as their first
62	argument.	49	argument.
63		50
		51	=cut
		52
		53	package AnyEvent::Handle;
		54
		55	use Scalar::Util ();
		56	use List::Util ();
		57	use Carp ();
		58	use Errno qw(EAGAIN EINTR);
		59
		60	use AnyEvent (); BEGIN { AnyEvent::common_sense }
		61	use AnyEvent::Util qw(WSAEWOULDBLOCK);
		62
		63	our $VERSION = $AnyEvent::VERSION;
		64
64	=head1 METHODS	65	=head1 METHODS
65		66
66	=over 4	67	=over 4
67		68
68	=item B<new (%args)>	69	=item $handle = B<new> AnyEvent::TLS fh => $filehandle, key => value...
69		70
70	The constructor supports these arguments (all as key => value pairs).	71	The constructor supports these arguments (all as C<< key => value >> pairs).
71		72
72	=over 4	73	=over 4
73		74
74	=item fh => $filehandle [MANDATORY]	75	=item fh => $filehandle [C<fh> or C<connect> MANDATORY]
75		76
76	The filehandle this L<AnyEvent::Handle> object will operate on.	77	The filehandle this L<AnyEvent::Handle> object will operate on.
77
78	NOTE: The filehandle will be set to non-blocking mode (using	78	NOTE: The filehandle will be set to non-blocking mode (using
79	C<AnyEvent::Util::fh_nonblocking>) by the constructor and needs to stay in	79	C<AnyEvent::Util::fh_nonblocking>) by the constructor and needs to stay in
80	that mode.	80	that mode.
81		81
		82	=item connect => [$host, $service] [C<fh> or C<connect> MANDATORY]
		83
		84	Try to connect to the specified host and service (port), using
		85	C<AnyEvent::Socket::tcp_connect>. The C<$host> additionally becomes the
		86	default C<peername>.
		87
		88	You have to specify either this parameter, or C<fh>, above.
		89
		90	It is possible to push requests on the read and write queues, and modify
		91	properties of the stream, even while AnyEvent::Handle is connecting.
		92
		93	When this parameter is specified, then the C<on_prepare>,
		94	C<on_connect_error> and C<on_connect> callbacks will be called under the
		95	appropriate circumstances:
		96
		97	=over 4
		98
82	=item on_eof => $cb->($handle)	99	=item on_prepare => $cb->($handle)
83		100
84	Set the callback to be called when an end-of-file condition is detected,	101	This (rarely used) callback is called before a new connection is
85	i.e. in the case of a socket, when the other side has closed the	102	attempted, but after the file handle has been created. It could be used to
86	connection cleanly.	103	prepare the file handle with parameters required for the actual connect
		104	(as opposed to settings that can be changed when the connection is already
		105	established).
87		106
88	For sockets, this just means that the other side has stopped sending data,	107	The return value of this callback should be the connect timeout value in
89	you can still try to write data, and, in fact, one can return from the eof	108	seconds (or C<0>, or C<undef>, or the empty list, to indicate the default
90	callback and continue writing data, as only the read part has been shut	109	timeout is to be used).
91	down.
92		110
93	While not mandatory, it is I<highly> recommended to set an eof callback,	111	=item on_connect => $cb->($handle, $host, $port, $retry->())
94	otherwise you might end up with a closed socket while you are still
95	waiting for data.
96		112
97	If an EOF condition has been detected but no C<on_eof> callback has been	113	This callback is called when a connection has been successfully established.
98	set, then a fatal error will be raised with C<$!> set to <0>.
99		114
		115	The actual numeric host and port (the socket peername) are passed as
		116	parameters, together with a retry callback.
		117
		118	When, for some reason, the handle is not acceptable, then calling
		119	C<$retry> will continue with the next conenction target (in case of
		120	multi-homed hosts or SRV records there can be multiple connection
		121	endpoints). When it is called then the read and write queues, eof status,
		122	tls status and similar properties of the handle are being reset.
		123
		124	In most cases, ignoring the C<$retry> parameter is the way to go.
		125
		126	=item on_connect_error => $cb->($handle, $message)
		127
		128	This callback is called when the conenction could not be
		129	established. C<$!> will contain the relevant error code, and C<$message> a
		130	message describing it (usually the same as C<"$!">).
		131
		132	If this callback isn't specified, then C<on_error> will be called with a
		133	fatal error instead.
		134
		135	=back
		136
100	=item on_error => $cb->($handle, $fatal)	137	=item on_error => $cb->($handle, $fatal, $message)
101		138
102	This is the error callback, which is called when, well, some error	139	This is the error callback, which is called when, well, some error
103	occured, such as not being able to resolve the hostname, failure to	140	occured, such as not being able to resolve the hostname, failure to
104	connect or a read error.	141	connect or a read error.
105		142
106	Some errors are fatal (which is indicated by C<$fatal> being true). On	143	Some errors are fatal (which is indicated by C<$fatal> being true). On
107	fatal errors the handle object will be shut down and will not be usable	144	fatal errors the handle object will be destroyed (by a call to C<< ->
108	(but you are free to look at the current C<< ->rbuf >>). Examples of fatal	145	destroy >>) after invoking the error callback (which means you are free to
109	errors are an EOF condition with active (but unsatisifable) read watchers	146	examine the handle object). Examples of fatal errors are an EOF condition
110	(C<EPIPE>) or I/O errors.	147	with active (but unsatisifable) read watchers (C<EPIPE>) or I/O errors. In
		148	cases where the other side can close the connection at their will it is
		149	often easiest to not report C<EPIPE> errors in this callback.
		150
		151	AnyEvent::Handle tries to find an appropriate error code for you to check
		152	against, but in some cases (TLS errors), this does not work well. It is
		153	recommended to always output the C<$message> argument in human-readable
		154	error messages (it's usually the same as C<"$!">).
111		155
112	Non-fatal errors can be retried by simply returning, but it is recommended	156	Non-fatal errors can be retried by simply returning, but it is recommended
113	to simply ignore this parameter and instead abondon the handle object	157	to simply ignore this parameter and instead abondon the handle object
114	when this callback is invoked. Examples of non-fatal errors are timeouts	158	when this callback is invoked. Examples of non-fatal errors are timeouts
115	C<ETIMEDOUT>) or badly-formatted data (C<EBADMSG>).	159	C<ETIMEDOUT>) or badly-formatted data (C<EBADMSG>).
116		160
117	On callback entrance, the value of C<$!> contains the operating system	161	On callback entrance, the value of C<$!> contains the operating system
118	error (or C<ENOSPC>, C<EPIPE>, C<ETIMEDOUT> or C<EBADMSG>).	162	error code (or C<ENOSPC>, C<EPIPE>, C<ETIMEDOUT>, C<EBADMSG> or
		163	C<EPROTO>).
119		164
120	While not mandatory, it is I<highly> recommended to set this callback, as	165	While not mandatory, it is I<highly> recommended to set this callback, as
121	you will not be notified of errors otherwise. The default simply calls	166	you will not be notified of errors otherwise. The default simply calls
122	C<croak>.	167	C<croak>.
123		168
…		…
127	and no read request is in the queue (unlike read queue callbacks, this	172	and no read request is in the queue (unlike read queue callbacks, this
128	callback will only be called when at least one octet of data is in the	173	callback will only be called when at least one octet of data is in the
129	read buffer).	174	read buffer).
130		175
131	To access (and remove data from) the read buffer, use the C<< ->rbuf >>	176	To access (and remove data from) the read buffer, use the C<< ->rbuf >>
132	method or access the C<$handle->{rbuf}> member directly.	177	method or access the C<< $handle->{rbuf} >> member directly. Note that you
		178	must not enlarge or modify the read buffer, you can only remove data at
		179	the beginning from it.
133		180
134	When an EOF condition is detected then AnyEvent::Handle will first try to	181	When an EOF condition is detected then AnyEvent::Handle will first try to
135	feed all the remaining data to the queued callbacks and C<on_read> before	182	feed all the remaining data to the queued callbacks and C<on_read> before
136	calling the C<on_eof> callback. If no progress can be made, then a fatal	183	calling the C<on_eof> callback. If no progress can be made, then a fatal
137	error will be raised (with C<$!> set to C<EPIPE>).	184	error will be raised (with C<$!> set to C<EPIPE>).
		185
		186	Note that, unlike requests in the read queue, an C<on_read> callback
		187	doesn't mean you I<require> some data: if there is an EOF and there
		188	are outstanding read requests then an error will be flagged. With an
		189	C<on_read> callback, the C<on_eof> callback will be invoked.
		190
		191	=item on_eof => $cb->($handle)
		192
		193	Set the callback to be called when an end-of-file condition is detected,
		194	i.e. in the case of a socket, when the other side has closed the
		195	connection cleanly, and there are no outstanding read requests in the
		196	queue (if there are read requests, then an EOF counts as an unexpected
		197	connection close and will be flagged as an error).
		198
		199	For sockets, this just means that the other side has stopped sending data,
		200	you can still try to write data, and, in fact, one can return from the EOF
		201	callback and continue writing data, as only the read part has been shut
		202	down.
		203
		204	If an EOF condition has been detected but no C<on_eof> callback has been
		205	set, then a fatal error will be raised with C<$!> set to <0>.
138		206
139	=item on_drain => $cb->($handle)	207	=item on_drain => $cb->($handle)
140		208
141	This sets the callback that is called when the write buffer becomes empty	209	This sets the callback that is called when the write buffer becomes empty
142	(or when the callback is set and the buffer is empty already).	210	(or when the callback is set and the buffer is empty already).
…		…
149	memory and push it into the queue, but instead only read more data from	217	memory and push it into the queue, but instead only read more data from
150	the file when the write queue becomes empty.	218	the file when the write queue becomes empty.
151		219
152	=item timeout => $fractional_seconds	220	=item timeout => $fractional_seconds
153		221
		222	=item rtimeout => $fractional_seconds
		223
		224	=item wtimeout => $fractional_seconds
		225
154	If non-zero, then this enables an "inactivity" timeout: whenever this many	226	If non-zero, then these enables an "inactivity" timeout: whenever this
155	seconds pass without a successful read or write on the underlying file	227	many seconds pass without a successful read or write on the underlying
156	handle, the C<on_timeout> callback will be invoked (and if that one is	228	file handle (or a call to C<timeout_reset>), the C<on_timeout> callback
157	missing, a non-fatal C<ETIMEDOUT> error will be raised).	229	will be invoked (and if that one is missing, a non-fatal C<ETIMEDOUT>
		230	error will be raised).
		231
		232	There are three variants of the timeouts that work fully independent
		233	of each other, for both read and write, just read, and just write:
		234	C<timeout>, C<rtimeout> and C<wtimeout>, with corresponding callbacks
		235	C<on_timeout>, C<on_rtimeout> and C<on_wtimeout>, and reset functions
		236	C<timeout_reset>, C<rtimeout_reset>, and C<wtimeout_reset>.
158		237
159	Note that timeout processing is also active when you currently do not have	238	Note that timeout processing is also active when you currently do not have
160	any outstanding read or write requests: If you plan to keep the connection	239	any outstanding read or write requests: If you plan to keep the connection
161	idle then you should disable the timout temporarily or ignore the timeout	240	idle then you should disable the timout temporarily or ignore the timeout
162	in the C<on_timeout> callback, in which case AnyEvent::Handle will simply	241	in the C<on_timeout> callback, in which case AnyEvent::Handle will simply
…		…
206	accomplishd by setting this option to a true value.	285	accomplishd by setting this option to a true value.
207		286
208	The default is your opertaing system's default behaviour (most likely	287	The default is your opertaing system's default behaviour (most likely
209	enabled), this option explicitly enables or disables it, if possible.	288	enabled), this option explicitly enables or disables it, if possible.
210		289
		290	=item keepalive => <boolean>
		291
		292	Enables (default disable) the SO_KEEPALIVE option on the stream socket:
		293	normally, TCP connections have no time-out once established, so TCP
		294	conenctions, once established, can stay alive forever even when the other
		295	side has long gone. TCP keepalives are a cheap way to take down long-lived
		296	TCP connections whent he other side becomes unreachable. While the default
		297	is OS-dependent, TCP keepalives usually kick in after around two hours,
		298	and, if the other side doesn't reply, take down the TCP connection some 10
		299	to 15 minutes later.
		300
		301	It is harmless to specify this option for file handles that do not support
		302	keepalives, and enabling it on connections that are potentially long-lived
		303	is usually a good idea.
		304
		305	=item oobinline => <boolean>
		306
		307	BSD majorly fucked up the implementation of TCP urgent data. The result
		308	is that almost no OS implements TCP according to the specs, and every OS
		309	implements it slightly differently.
		310
		311	If you want to handle TCP urgent data, then setting this flag (the default
		312	is enabled) gives you the most portable way of getting urgent data, by
		313	putting it into the stream.
		314
		315	Since BSD emulation of OOB data on top of TCP's urgent data can have
		316	security implications, AnyEvent::Handle sets this flag automatically
		317	unless explicitly specified.
		318
211	=item read_size => <bytes>	319	=item read_size => <bytes>
212		320
213	The default read block size (the amount of bytes this module will	321	The default read block size (the amount of bytes this module will
214	try to read during each loop iteration, which affects memory	322	try to read during each loop iteration, which affects memory
215	requirements). Default: C<8192>.	323	requirements). Default: C<8192>.
…		…
232	write data and will install a watcher that will write this data to the	340	write data and will install a watcher that will write this data to the
233	socket. No errors will be reported (this mostly matches how the operating	341	socket. No errors will be reported (this mostly matches how the operating
234	system treats outstanding data at socket close time).	342	system treats outstanding data at socket close time).
235		343
236	This will not work for partial TLS data that could not be encoded	344	This will not work for partial TLS data that could not be encoded
237	yet. This data will be lost.	345	yet. This data will be lost. Calling the C<stoptls> method in time might
		346	help.
		347
		348	=item peername => $string
		349
		350	A string used to identify the remote site - usually the DNS hostname
		351	(I<not> IDN!) used to create the connection, rarely the IP address.
		352
		353	Apart from being useful in error messages, this string is also used in TLS
		354	peername verification (see C<verify_peername> in L<AnyEvent::TLS>). This
		355	verification will be skipped when C<peername> is not specified or
		356	C<undef>.
238		357
239	=item tls => "accept" | "connect" | Net::SSLeay::SSL object	358	=item tls => "accept" | "connect" | Net::SSLeay::SSL object
240		359
241	When this parameter is given, it enables TLS (SSL) mode, that means	360	When this parameter is given, it enables TLS (SSL) mode, that means
242	AnyEvent will start a TLS handshake as soon as the conenction has been	361	AnyEvent will start a TLS handshake as soon as the conenction has been
243	established and will transparently encrypt/decrypt data afterwards.	362	established and will transparently encrypt/decrypt data afterwards.
		363
		364	All TLS protocol errors will be signalled as C<EPROTO>, with an
		365	appropriate error message.
244		366
245	TLS mode requires Net::SSLeay to be installed (it will be loaded	367	TLS mode requires Net::SSLeay to be installed (it will be loaded
246	automatically when you try to create a TLS handle): this module doesn't	368	automatically when you try to create a TLS handle): this module doesn't
247	have a dependency on that module, so if your module requires it, you have	369	have a dependency on that module, so if your module requires it, you have
248	to add the dependency yourself.	370	to add the dependency yourself.
…		…
252	mode.	374	mode.
253		375
254	You can also provide your own TLS connection object, but you have	376	You can also provide your own TLS connection object, but you have
255	to make sure that you call either C<Net::SSLeay::set_connect_state>	377	to make sure that you call either C<Net::SSLeay::set_connect_state>
256	or C<Net::SSLeay::set_accept_state> on it before you pass it to	378	or C<Net::SSLeay::set_accept_state> on it before you pass it to
257	AnyEvent::Handle.	379	AnyEvent::Handle. Also, this module will take ownership of this connection
		380	object.
		381
		382	At some future point, AnyEvent::Handle might switch to another TLS
		383	implementation, then the option to use your own session object will go
		384	away.
		385
		386	B<IMPORTANT:> since Net::SSLeay "objects" are really only integers,
		387	passing in the wrong integer will lead to certain crash. This most often
		388	happens when one uses a stylish C<< tls => 1 >> and is surprised about the
		389	segmentation fault.
258		390
259	See the C<< ->starttls >> method for when need to start TLS negotiation later.	391	See the C<< ->starttls >> method for when need to start TLS negotiation later.
260		392
261	=item tls_ctx => $ssl_ctx	393	=item tls_ctx => $anyevent_tls
262		394
263	Use the given C<Net::SSLeay::CTX> object to create the new TLS connection	395	Use the given C<AnyEvent::TLS> object to create the new TLS connection
264	(unless a connection object was specified directly). If this parameter is	396	(unless a connection object was specified directly). If this parameter is
265	missing, then AnyEvent::Handle will use C<AnyEvent::Handle::TLS_CTX>.	397	missing, then AnyEvent::Handle will use C<AnyEvent::Handle::TLS_CTX>.
		398
		399	Instead of an object, you can also specify a hash reference with C<< key
		400	=> value >> pairs. Those will be passed to L<AnyEvent::TLS> to create a
		401	new TLS context object.
		402
		403	=item on_starttls => $cb->($handle, $success[, $error_message])
		404
		405	This callback will be invoked when the TLS/SSL handshake has finished. If
		406	C<$success> is true, then the TLS handshake succeeded, otherwise it failed
		407	(C<on_stoptls> will not be called in this case).
		408
		409	The session in C<< $handle->{tls} >> can still be examined in this
		410	callback, even when the handshake was not successful.
		411
		412	TLS handshake failures will not cause C<on_error> to be invoked when this
		413	callback is in effect, instead, the error message will be passed to C<on_starttls>.
		414
		415	Without this callback, handshake failures lead to C<on_error> being
		416	called, as normal.
		417
		418	Note that you cannot call C<starttls> right again in this callback. If you
		419	need to do that, start an zero-second timer instead whose callback can
		420	then call C<< ->starttls >> again.
		421
		422	=item on_stoptls => $cb->($handle)
		423
		424	When a SSLv3/TLS shutdown/close notify/EOF is detected and this callback is
		425	set, then it will be invoked after freeing the TLS session. If it is not,
		426	then a TLS shutdown condition will be treated like a normal EOF condition
		427	on the handle.
		428
		429	The session in C<< $handle->{tls} >> can still be examined in this
		430	callback.
		431
		432	This callback will only be called on TLS shutdowns, not when the
		433	underlying handle signals EOF.
266		434
267	=item json => JSON or JSON::XS object	435	=item json => JSON or JSON::XS object
268		436
269	This is the json coder object used by the C<json> read and write types.	437	This is the json coder object used by the C<json> read and write types.
270		438
…		…
273	texts.	441	texts.
274		442
275	Note that you are responsible to depend on the JSON module if you want to	443	Note that you are responsible to depend on the JSON module if you want to
276	use this functionality, as AnyEvent does not have a dependency itself.	444	use this functionality, as AnyEvent does not have a dependency itself.
277		445
278	=item filter_r => $cb
279
280	=item filter_w => $cb
281
282	These exist, but are undocumented at this time. (They are used internally
283	by the TLS code).
284
285	=back	446	=back
286		447
287	=cut	448	=cut
288		449
289	sub new {	450	sub new {
290	my $class = shift;	451	my $class = shift;
291
292	my $self = bless { @_ }, $class;	452	my $self = bless { @_ }, $class;
293		453
294	$self->{fh} or Carp::croak "mandatory argument fh is missing";	454	if ($self->{fh}) {
		455	$self->_start;
		456	return unless $self->{fh}; # could be gone by now
		457
		458	} elsif ($self->{connect}) {
		459	require AnyEvent::Socket;
		460
		461	$self->{peername} = $self->{connect}[0]
		462	unless exists $self->{peername};
		463
		464	$self->{_skip_drain_rbuf} = 1;
		465
		466	{
		467	Scalar::Util::weaken (my $self = $self);
		468
		469	$self->{_connect} =
		470	AnyEvent::Socket::tcp_connect (
		471	$self->{connect}[0],
		472	$self->{connect}[1],
		473	sub {
		474	my ($fh, $host, $port, $retry) = @_;
		475
		476	if ($fh) {
		477	$self->{fh} = $fh;
		478
		479	delete $self->{_skip_drain_rbuf};
		480	$self->_start;
		481
		482	$self->{on_connect}
		483	and $self->{on_connect}($self, $host, $port, sub {
		484	delete @$self{qw(fh _tw _rtw _wtw _ww _rw _eof _queue rbuf _wbuf tls _tls_rbuf _tls_wbuf)};
		485	$self->{_skip_drain_rbuf} = 1;
		486	&$retry;
		487	});
		488
		489	} else {
		490	if ($self->{on_connect_error}) {
		491	$self->{on_connect_error}($self, "$!");
		492	$self->destroy;
		493	} else {
		494	$self->_error ($!, 1);
		495	}
		496	}
		497	},
		498	sub {
		499	local $self->{fh} = $_[0];
		500
		501	$self->{on_prepare}
		502	? $self->{on_prepare}->($self)
		503	: ()
		504	}
		505	);
		506	}
		507
		508	} else {
		509	Carp::croak "AnyEvent::Handle: either an existing fh or the connect parameter must be specified";
		510	}
		511
		512	$self
		513	}
		514
		515	sub _start {
		516	my ($self) = @_;
295		517
296	AnyEvent::Util::fh_nonblocking $self->{fh}, 1;	518	AnyEvent::Util::fh_nonblocking $self->{fh}, 1;
297		519
298	if ($self->{tls}) {	520	$self->{_activity} =
299	require Net::SSLeay;	521	$self->{_ractivity} =
		522	$self->{_wactivity} = AE::now;
		523
		524	$self->timeout (delete $self->{timeout} ) if $self->{timeout};
		525	$self->rtimeout (delete $self->{rtimeout} ) if $self->{rtimeout};
		526	$self->wtimeout (delete $self->{wtimeout} ) if $self->{wtimeout};
		527
		528	$self->no_delay (delete $self->{no_delay} ) if exists $self->{no_delay} && $self->{no_delay};
		529	$self->keepalive (delete $self->{keepalive}) if exists $self->{keepalive} && $self->{keepalive};
		530
		531	$self->oobinline (exists $self->{oobinline} ? delete $self->{oobinline} : 1);
		532
300	$self->starttls (delete $self->{tls}, delete $self->{tls_ctx});	533	$self->starttls (delete $self->{tls}, delete $self->{tls_ctx})
301	}	534	if $self->{tls};
302		535
303	$self->{_activity} = AnyEvent->now;
304	$self->_timeout;
305
306	$self->on_drain (delete $self->{on_drain}) if exists $self->{on_drain};	536	$self->on_drain (delete $self->{on_drain}) if $self->{on_drain};
307	$self->no_delay (delete $self->{no_delay}) if exists $self->{no_delay};
308		537
309	$self->start_read	538	$self->start_read
310	if $self->{on_read};	539	if $self->{on_read} || @{ $self->{_queue} };
311		540
312	$self	541	$self->_drain_wbuf;
313	}
314
315	sub _shutdown {
316	my ($self) = @_;
317
318	delete $self->{_tw};
319	delete $self->{_rw};
320	delete $self->{_ww};
321	delete $self->{fh};
322
323	$self->stoptls;
324
325	delete $self->{on_read};
326	delete $self->{_queue};
327	}	542	}
328		543
329	sub _error {	544	sub _error {
330	my ($self, $errno, $fatal) = @_;	545	my ($self, $errno, $fatal, $message) = @_;
331
332	$self->_shutdown
333	if $fatal;
334		546
335	$! = $errno;	547	$! = $errno;
		548	$message ||= "$!";
336		549
337	if ($self->{on_error}) {	550	if ($self->{on_error}) {
338	$self->{on_error}($self, $fatal);	551	$self->{on_error}($self, $fatal, $message);
339	} else {	552	$self->destroy if $fatal;
		553	} elsif ($self->{fh}) {
		554	$self->destroy;
340	Carp::croak "AnyEvent::Handle uncaught error: $!";	555	Carp::croak "AnyEvent::Handle uncaught error: $message";
341	}	556	}
342	}	557	}
343		558
344	=item $fh = $handle->fh	559	=item $fh = $handle->fh
345		560
…		…
369	$_[0]{on_eof} = $_[1];	584	$_[0]{on_eof} = $_[1];
370	}	585	}
371		586
372	=item $handle->on_timeout ($cb)	587	=item $handle->on_timeout ($cb)
373		588
374	Replace the current C<on_timeout> callback, or disables the callback (but	589	=item $handle->on_rtimeout ($cb)
375	not the timeout) if C<$cb> = C<undef>. See the C<timeout> constructor
376	argument and method.
377		590
378	=cut	591	=item $handle->on_wtimeout ($cb)
379		592
380	sub on_timeout {	593	Replace the current C<on_timeout>, C<on_rtimeout> or C<on_wtimeout>
381	$_[0]{on_timeout} = $_[1];	594	callback, or disables the callback (but not the timeout) if C<$cb> =
382	}	595	C<undef>. See the C<timeout> constructor argument and method.
		596
		597	=cut
		598
		599	# see below
383		600
384	=item $handle->autocork ($boolean)	601	=item $handle->autocork ($boolean)
385		602
386	Enables or disables the current autocork behaviour (see C<autocork>	603	Enables or disables the current autocork behaviour (see C<autocork>
387	constructor argument).	604	constructor argument). Changes will only take effect on the next write.
388		605
389	=cut	606	=cut
		607
		608	sub autocork {
		609	$_[0]{autocork} = $_[1];
		610	}
390		611
391	=item $handle->no_delay ($boolean)	612	=item $handle->no_delay ($boolean)
392		613
393	Enables or disables the C<no_delay> setting (see constructor argument of	614	Enables or disables the C<no_delay> setting (see constructor argument of
394	the same name for details).	615	the same name for details).
…		…
398	sub no_delay {	619	sub no_delay {
399	$_[0]{no_delay} = $_[1];	620	$_[0]{no_delay} = $_[1];
400		621
401	eval {	622	eval {
402	local $SIG{__DIE__};	623	local $SIG{__DIE__};
403	setsockopt $_[0]{fh}, &Socket::IPPROTO_TCP, &Socket::TCP_NODELAY, int $_[1];	624	setsockopt $_[0]{fh}, Socket::IPPROTO_TCP (), Socket::TCP_NODELAY (), int $_[1]
		625	if $_[0]{fh};
404	};	626	};
405	}	627	}
406		628
		629	=item $handle->keepalive ($boolean)
		630
		631	Enables or disables the C<keepalive> setting (see constructor argument of
		632	the same name for details).
		633
		634	=cut
		635
		636	sub keepalive {
		637	$_[0]{keepalive} = $_[1];
		638
		639	eval {
		640	local $SIG{__DIE__};
		641	setsockopt $_[0]{fh}, Socket::SOL_SOCKET (), Socket::SO_KEEPALIVE (), int $_[1]
		642	if $_[0]{fh};
		643	};
		644	}
		645
		646	=item $handle->oobinline ($boolean)
		647
		648	Enables or disables the C<oobinline> setting (see constructor argument of
		649	the same name for details).
		650
		651	=cut
		652
		653	sub oobinline {
		654	$_[0]{oobinline} = $_[1];
		655
		656	eval {
		657	local $SIG{__DIE__};
		658	setsockopt $_[0]{fh}, Socket::SOL_SOCKET (), Socket::SO_OOBINLINE (), int $_[1]
		659	if $_[0]{fh};
		660	};
		661	}
		662
		663	=item $handle->keepalive ($boolean)
		664
		665	Enables or disables the C<keepalive> setting (see constructor argument of
		666	the same name for details).
		667
		668	=cut
		669
		670	sub keepalive {
		671	$_[0]{keepalive} = $_[1];
		672
		673	eval {
		674	local $SIG{__DIE__};
		675	setsockopt $_[0]{fh}, Socket::SOL_SOCKET (), Socket::SO_KEEPALIVE (), int $_[1]
		676	if $_[0]{fh};
		677	};
		678	}
		679
		680	=item $handle->on_starttls ($cb)
		681
		682	Replace the current C<on_starttls> callback (see the C<on_starttls> constructor argument).
		683
		684	=cut
		685
		686	sub on_starttls {
		687	$_[0]{on_starttls} = $_[1];
		688	}
		689
		690	=item $handle->on_stoptls ($cb)
		691
		692	Replace the current C<on_stoptls> callback (see the C<on_stoptls> constructor argument).
		693
		694	=cut
		695
		696	sub on_starttls {
		697	$_[0]{on_stoptls} = $_[1];
		698	}
		699
		700	=item $handle->rbuf_max ($max_octets)
		701
		702	Configures the C<rbuf_max> setting (C<undef> disables it).
		703
		704	=cut
		705
		706	sub rbuf_max {
		707	$_[0]{rbuf_max} = $_[1];
		708	}
		709
407	#############################################################################	710	#############################################################################
408		711
409	=item $handle->timeout ($seconds)	712	=item $handle->timeout ($seconds)
410		713
		714	=item $handle->rtimeout ($seconds)
		715
		716	=item $handle->wtimeout ($seconds)
		717
411	Configures (or disables) the inactivity timeout.	718	Configures (or disables) the inactivity timeout.
412		719
413	=cut	720	=item $handle->timeout_reset
414		721
415	sub timeout {	722	=item $handle->rtimeout_reset
		723
		724	=item $handle->wtimeout_reset
		725
		726	Reset the activity timeout, as if data was received or sent.
		727
		728	These methods are cheap to call.
		729
		730	=cut
		731
		732	for my $dir ("", "r", "w") {
		733	my $timeout = "${dir}timeout";
		734	my $tw = "_${dir}tw";
		735	my $on_timeout = "on_${dir}timeout";
		736	my $activity = "_${dir}activity";
		737	my $cb;
		738
		739	*$on_timeout = sub {
		740	$_[0]{$on_timeout} = $_[1];
		741	};
		742
		743	*$timeout = sub {
416	my ($self, $timeout) = @_;	744	my ($self, $new_value) = @_;
417		745
418	$self->{timeout} = $timeout;	746	$self->{$timeout} = $new_value;
419	$self->_timeout;	747	delete $self->{$tw}; &$cb;
420	}	748	};
421		749
		750	*{"${dir}timeout_reset"} = sub {
		751	$_[0]{$activity} = AE::now;
		752	};
		753
		754	# main workhorse:
422	# reset the timeout watcher, as neccessary	755	# reset the timeout watcher, as neccessary
423	# also check for time-outs	756	# also check for time-outs
424	sub _timeout {	757	$cb = sub {
425	my ($self) = @_;	758	my ($self) = @_;
426		759
427	if ($self->{timeout}) {	760	if ($self->{$timeout} && $self->{fh}) {
428	my $NOW = AnyEvent->now;	761	my $NOW = AE::now;
429		762
430	# when would the timeout trigger?	763	# when would the timeout trigger?
431	my $after = $self->{_activity} + $self->{timeout} - $NOW;	764	my $after = $self->{$activity} + $self->{$timeout} - $NOW;
432		765
433	# now or in the past already?	766	# now or in the past already?
434	if ($after <= 0) {	767	if ($after <= 0) {
435	$self->{_activity} = $NOW;	768	$self->{$activity} = $NOW;
436		769
437	if ($self->{on_timeout}) {	770	if ($self->{$on_timeout}) {
438	$self->{on_timeout}($self);	771	$self->{$on_timeout}($self);
439	} else {	772	} else {
440	$self->_error (&Errno::ETIMEDOUT);	773	$self->_error (Errno::ETIMEDOUT);
		774	}
		775
		776	# callback could have changed timeout value, optimise
		777	return unless $self->{$timeout};
		778
		779	# calculate new after
		780	$after = $self->{$timeout};
441	}	781	}
442		782
443	# callback could have changed timeout value, optimise	783	Scalar::Util::weaken $self;
444	return unless $self->{timeout};	784	return unless $self; # ->error could have destroyed $self
445		785
446	# calculate new after	786	$self->{$tw} ||= AE::timer $after, 0, sub {
447	$after = $self->{timeout};	787	delete $self->{$tw};
		788	$cb->($self);
		789	};
		790	} else {
		791	delete $self->{$tw};
448	}	792	}
449
450	Scalar::Util::weaken $self;
451	return unless $self; # ->error could have destroyed $self
452
453	$self->{_tw} ||= AnyEvent->timer (after => $after, cb => sub {
454	delete $self->{_tw};
455	$self->_timeout;
456	});
457	} else {
458	delete $self->{_tw};
459	}	793	}
460	}	794	}
461		795
462	#############################################################################	796	#############################################################################
463		797
…		…
487	my ($self, $cb) = @_;	821	my ($self, $cb) = @_;
488		822
489	$self->{on_drain} = $cb;	823	$self->{on_drain} = $cb;
490		824
491	$cb->($self)	825	$cb->($self)
492	if $cb && $self->{low_water_mark} >= length $self->{wbuf};	826	if $cb && $self->{low_water_mark} >= (length $self->{wbuf}) + (length $self->{_tls_wbuf});
493	}	827	}
494		828
495	=item $handle->push_write ($data)	829	=item $handle->push_write ($data)
496		830
497	Queues the given scalar to be written. You can push as much data as you	831	Queues the given scalar to be written. You can push as much data as you
…		…
508	Scalar::Util::weaken $self;	842	Scalar::Util::weaken $self;
509		843
510	my $cb = sub {	844	my $cb = sub {
511	my $len = syswrite $self->{fh}, $self->{wbuf};	845	my $len = syswrite $self->{fh}, $self->{wbuf};
512		846
513	if ($len >= 0) {	847	if (defined $len) {
514	substr $self->{wbuf}, 0, $len, "";	848	substr $self->{wbuf}, 0, $len, "";
515		849
516	$self->{_activity} = AnyEvent->now;	850	$self->{_activity} = $self->{_wactivity} = AE::now;
517		851
518	$self->{on_drain}($self)	852	$self->{on_drain}($self)
519	if $self->{low_water_mark} >= length $self->{wbuf}	853	if $self->{low_water_mark} >= (length $self->{wbuf}) + (length $self->{_tls_wbuf})
520	&& $self->{on_drain};	854	&& $self->{on_drain};
521		855
522	delete $self->{_ww} unless length $self->{wbuf};	856	delete $self->{_ww} unless length $self->{wbuf};
523	} elsif ($! != EAGAIN && $! != EINTR && $! != WSAEWOULDBLOCK) {	857	} elsif ($! != EAGAIN && $! != EINTR && $! != WSAEWOULDBLOCK) {
524	$self->_error ($!, 1);	858	$self->_error ($!, 1);
…		…
527		861
528	# try to write data immediately	862	# try to write data immediately
529	$cb->() unless $self->{autocork};	863	$cb->() unless $self->{autocork};
530		864
531	# if still data left in wbuf, we need to poll	865	# if still data left in wbuf, we need to poll
532	$self->{_ww} = AnyEvent->io (fh => $self->{fh}, poll => "w", cb => $cb)	866	$self->{_ww} = AE::io $self->{fh}, 1, $cb
533	if length $self->{wbuf};	867	if length $self->{wbuf};
534	};	868	};
535	}	869	}
536		870
537	our %WH;	871	our %WH;
…		…
548		882
549	@_ = ($WH{$type} or Carp::croak "unsupported type passed to AnyEvent::Handle::push_write")	883	@_ = ($WH{$type} or Carp::croak "unsupported type passed to AnyEvent::Handle::push_write")
550	->($self, @_);	884	->($self, @_);
551	}	885	}
552		886
553	if ($self->{filter_w}) {	887	if ($self->{tls}) {
554	$self->{filter_w}($self, \$_[0]);	888	$self->{_tls_wbuf} .= $_[0];
		889	&_dotls ($self) if $self->{fh};
555	} else {	890	} else {
556	$self->{wbuf} .= $_[0];	891	$self->{wbuf} .= $_[0];
557	$self->_drain_wbuf;	892	$self->_drain_wbuf if $self->{fh};
558	}	893	}
559	}	894	}
560		895
561	=item $handle->push_write (type => @args)	896	=item $handle->push_write (type => @args)
562		897
…		…
576	=cut	911	=cut
577		912
578	register_write_type netstring => sub {	913	register_write_type netstring => sub {
579	my ($self, $string) = @_;	914	my ($self, $string) = @_;
580		915
581	sprintf "%d:%s,", (length $string), $string	916	(length $string) . ":$string,"
582	};	917	};
583		918
584	=item packstring => $format, $data	919	=item packstring => $format, $data
585		920
586	An octet string prefixed with an encoded length. The encoding C<$format>	921	An octet string prefixed with an encoded length. The encoding C<$format>
…		…
626	Other languages could read single lines terminated by a newline and pass	961	Other languages could read single lines terminated by a newline and pass
627	this line into their JSON decoder of choice.	962	this line into their JSON decoder of choice.
628		963
629	=cut	964	=cut
630		965
		966	sub json_coder() {
		967	eval { require JSON::XS; JSON::XS->new->utf8 }
		968	|| do { require JSON; JSON->new->utf8 }
		969	}
		970
631	register_write_type json => sub {	971	register_write_type json => sub {
632	my ($self, $ref) = @_;	972	my ($self, $ref) = @_;
633		973
634	require JSON;	974	my $json = $self->{json} ||= json_coder;
635		975
636	$self->{json} ? $self->{json}->encode ($ref)	976	$json->encode ($ref)
637	: JSON::encode_json ($ref)
638	};	977	};
639		978
640	=item storable => $reference	979	=item storable => $reference
641		980
642	Freezes the given reference using L<Storable> and writes it to the	981	Freezes the given reference using L<Storable> and writes it to the
…		…
651		990
652	pack "w/a*", Storable::nfreeze ($ref)	991	pack "w/a*", Storable::nfreeze ($ref)
653	};	992	};
654		993
655	=back	994	=back
		995
		996	=item $handle->push_shutdown
		997
		998	Sometimes you know you want to close the socket after writing your data
		999	before it was actually written. One way to do that is to replace your
		1000	C<on_drain> handler by a callback that shuts down the socket (and set
		1001	C<low_water_mark> to C<0>). This method is a shorthand for just that, and
		1002	replaces the C<on_drain> callback with:
		1003
		1004	sub { shutdown $_[0]{fh}, 1 } # for push_shutdown
		1005
		1006	This simply shuts down the write side and signals an EOF condition to the
		1007	the peer.
		1008
		1009	You can rely on the normal read queue and C<on_eof> handling
		1010	afterwards. This is the cleanest way to close a connection.
		1011
		1012	=cut
		1013
		1014	sub push_shutdown {
		1015	my ($self) = @_;
		1016
		1017	delete $self->{low_water_mark};
		1018	$self->on_drain (sub { shutdown $_[0]{fh}, 1 });
		1019	}
656		1020
657	=item AnyEvent::Handle::register_write_type type => $coderef->($handle, @args)	1021	=item AnyEvent::Handle::register_write_type type => $coderef->($handle, @args)
658		1022
659	This function (not method) lets you add your own types to C<push_write>.	1023	This function (not method) lets you add your own types to C<push_write>.
660	Whenever the given C<type> is used, C<push_write> will invoke the code	1024	Whenever the given C<type> is used, C<push_write> will invoke the code
…		…
754	=cut	1118	=cut
755		1119
756	sub _drain_rbuf {	1120	sub _drain_rbuf {
757	my ($self) = @_;	1121	my ($self) = @_;
758		1122
		1123	# avoid recursion
		1124	return if $self->{_skip_drain_rbuf};
759	local $self->{_in_drain} = 1;	1125	local $self->{_skip_drain_rbuf} = 1;
760
761	if (
762	defined $self->{rbuf_max}
763	&& $self->{rbuf_max} < length $self->{rbuf}
764	) {
765	$self->_error (&Errno::ENOSPC, 1), return;
766	}
767		1126
768	while () {	1127	while () {
		1128	# we need to use a separate tls read buffer, as we must not receive data while
		1129	# we are draining the buffer, and this can only happen with TLS.
		1130	$self->{rbuf} .= delete $self->{_tls_rbuf}
		1131	if exists $self->{_tls_rbuf};
		1132
769	my $len = length $self->{rbuf};	1133	my $len = length $self->{rbuf};
770		1134
771	if (my $cb = shift @{ $self->{_queue} }) {	1135	if (my $cb = shift @{ $self->{_queue} }) {
772	unless ($cb->($self)) {	1136	unless ($cb->($self)) {
773	if ($self->{_eof}) {	1137	# no progress can be made
774	# no progress can be made (not enough data and no data forthcoming)	1138	# (not enough data and no data forthcoming)
775	$self->_error (&Errno::EPIPE, 1), return;	1139	$self->_error (Errno::EPIPE, 1), return
776	}	1140	if $self->{_eof};
777		1141
778	unshift @{ $self->{_queue} }, $cb;	1142	unshift @{ $self->{_queue} }, $cb;
779	last;	1143	last;
780	}	1144	}
781	} elsif ($self->{on_read}) {	1145	} elsif ($self->{on_read}) {
…		…
788	&& !@{ $self->{_queue} } # and the queue is still empty	1152	&& !@{ $self->{_queue} } # and the queue is still empty
789	&& $self->{on_read} # but we still have on_read	1153	&& $self->{on_read} # but we still have on_read
790	) {	1154	) {
791	# no further data will arrive	1155	# no further data will arrive
792	# so no progress can be made	1156	# so no progress can be made
793	$self->_error (&Errno::EPIPE, 1), return	1157	$self->_error (Errno::EPIPE, 1), return
794	if $self->{_eof};	1158	if $self->{_eof};
795		1159
796	last; # more data might arrive	1160	last; # more data might arrive
797	}	1161	}
798	} else {	1162	} else {
799	# read side becomes idle	1163	# read side becomes idle
800	delete $self->{_rw};	1164	delete $self->{_rw} unless $self->{tls};
801	last;	1165	last;
802	}	1166	}
803	}	1167	}
804		1168
805	if ($self->{_eof}) {	1169	if ($self->{_eof}) {
806	if ($self->{on_eof}) {	1170	$self->{on_eof}
807	$self->{on_eof}($self)	1171	? $self->{on_eof}($self)
808	} else {	1172	: $self->_error (0, 1, "Unexpected end-of-file");
809	$self->_error (0, 1);	1173
810	}	1174	return;
		1175	}
		1176
		1177	if (
		1178	defined $self->{rbuf_max}
		1179	&& $self->{rbuf_max} < length $self->{rbuf}
		1180	) {
		1181	$self->_error (Errno::ENOSPC, 1), return;
811	}	1182	}
812		1183
813	# may need to restart read watcher	1184	# may need to restart read watcher
814	unless ($self->{_rw}) {	1185	unless ($self->{_rw}) {
815	$self->start_read	1186	$self->start_read
…		…
827		1198
828	sub on_read {	1199	sub on_read {
829	my ($self, $cb) = @_;	1200	my ($self, $cb) = @_;
830		1201
831	$self->{on_read} = $cb;	1202	$self->{on_read} = $cb;
832	$self->_drain_rbuf if $cb && !$self->{_in_drain};	1203	$self->_drain_rbuf if $cb;
833	}	1204	}
834		1205
835	=item $handle->rbuf	1206	=item $handle->rbuf
836		1207
837	Returns the read buffer (as a modifiable lvalue).	1208	Returns the read buffer (as a modifiable lvalue).
838		1209
839	You can access the read buffer directly as the C<< ->{rbuf} >> member, if	1210	You can access the read buffer directly as the C<< ->{rbuf} >>
840	you want.	1211	member, if you want. However, the only operation allowed on the
		1212	read buffer (apart from looking at it) is removing data from its
		1213	beginning. Otherwise modifying or appending to it is not allowed and will
		1214	lead to hard-to-track-down bugs.
841		1215
842	NOTE: The read buffer should only be used or modified if the C<on_read>,	1216	NOTE: The read buffer should only be used or modified if the C<on_read>,
843	C<push_read> or C<unshift_read> methods are used. The other read methods	1217	C<push_read> or C<unshift_read> methods are used. The other read methods
844	automatically manage the read buffer.	1218	automatically manage the read buffer.
845		1219
…		…
886	$cb = ($RH{$type} or Carp::croak "unsupported type passed to AnyEvent::Handle::push_read")	1260	$cb = ($RH{$type} or Carp::croak "unsupported type passed to AnyEvent::Handle::push_read")
887	->($self, $cb, @_);	1261	->($self, $cb, @_);
888	}	1262	}
889		1263
890	push @{ $self->{_queue} }, $cb;	1264	push @{ $self->{_queue} }, $cb;
891	$self->_drain_rbuf unless $self->{_in_drain};	1265	$self->_drain_rbuf;
892	}	1266	}
893		1267
894	sub unshift_read {	1268	sub unshift_read {
895	my $self = shift;	1269	my $self = shift;
896	my $cb = pop;	1270	my $cb = pop;
…		…
900		1274
901	$cb = ($RH{$type} or Carp::croak "unsupported type passed to AnyEvent::Handle::unshift_read")	1275	$cb = ($RH{$type} or Carp::croak "unsupported type passed to AnyEvent::Handle::unshift_read")
902	->($self, $cb, @_);	1276	->($self, $cb, @_);
903	}	1277	}
904		1278
905
906	unshift @{ $self->{_queue} }, $cb;	1279	unshift @{ $self->{_queue} }, $cb;
907	$self->_drain_rbuf unless $self->{_in_drain};	1280	$self->_drain_rbuf;
908	}	1281	}
909		1282
910	=item $handle->push_read (type => @args, $cb)	1283	=item $handle->push_read (type => @args, $cb)
911		1284
912	=item $handle->unshift_read (type => @args, $cb)	1285	=item $handle->unshift_read (type => @args, $cb)
…		…
1045	return 1;	1418	return 1;
1046	}	1419	}
1047		1420
1048	# reject	1421	# reject
1049	if ($reject && $$rbuf =~ $reject) {	1422	if ($reject && $$rbuf =~ $reject) {
1050	$self->_error (&Errno::EBADMSG);	1423	$self->_error (Errno::EBADMSG);
1051	}	1424	}
1052		1425
1053	# skip	1426	# skip
1054	if ($skip && $$rbuf =~ $skip) {	1427	if ($skip && $$rbuf =~ $skip) {
1055	$data .= substr $$rbuf, 0, $+[0], "";	1428	$data .= substr $$rbuf, 0, $+[0], "";
…		…
1071	my ($self, $cb) = @_;	1444	my ($self, $cb) = @_;
1072		1445
1073	sub {	1446	sub {
1074	unless ($_[0]{rbuf} =~ s/^(0|[1-9][0-9]*)://) {	1447	unless ($_[0]{rbuf} =~ s/^(0|[1-9][0-9]*)://) {
1075	if ($_[0]{rbuf} =~ /[^0-9]/) {	1448	if ($_[0]{rbuf} =~ /[^0-9]/) {
1076	$self->_error (&Errno::EBADMSG);	1449	$self->_error (Errno::EBADMSG);
1077	}	1450	}
1078	return;	1451	return;
1079	}	1452	}
1080		1453
1081	my $len = $1;	1454	my $len = $1;
…		…
1084	my $string = $_[1];	1457	my $string = $_[1];
1085	$_[0]->unshift_read (chunk => 1, sub {	1458	$_[0]->unshift_read (chunk => 1, sub {
1086	if ($_[1] eq ",") {	1459	if ($_[1] eq ",") {
1087	$cb->($_[0], $string);	1460	$cb->($_[0], $string);
1088	} else {	1461	} else {
1089	$self->_error (&Errno::EBADMSG);	1462	$self->_error (Errno::EBADMSG);
1090	}	1463	}
1091	});	1464	});
1092	});	1465	});
1093		1466
1094	1	1467	1
…		…
1100	An octet string prefixed with an encoded length. The encoding C<$format>	1473	An octet string prefixed with an encoded length. The encoding C<$format>
1101	uses the same format as a Perl C<pack> format, but must specify a single	1474	uses the same format as a Perl C<pack> format, but must specify a single
1102	integer only (only one of C<cCsSlLqQiInNvVjJw> is allowed, plus an	1475	integer only (only one of C<cCsSlLqQiInNvVjJw> is allowed, plus an
1103	optional C<!>, C<< < >> or C<< > >> modifier).	1476	optional C<!>, C<< < >> or C<< > >> modifier).
1104		1477
1105	DNS over TCP uses a prefix of C<n>, EPP uses a prefix of C<N>.	1478	For example, DNS over TCP uses a prefix of C<n> (2 octet network order),
		1479	EPP uses a prefix of C<N> (4 octtes).
1106		1480
1107	Example: read a block of data prefixed by its length in BER-encoded	1481	Example: read a block of data prefixed by its length in BER-encoded
1108	format (very efficient).	1482	format (very efficient).
1109		1483
1110	$handle->push_read (packstring => "w", sub {	1484	$handle->push_read (packstring => "w", sub {
…		…
1140	}	1514	}
1141	};	1515	};
1142		1516
1143	=item json => $cb->($handle, $hash_or_arrayref)	1517	=item json => $cb->($handle, $hash_or_arrayref)
1144		1518
1145	Reads a JSON object or array, decodes it and passes it to the callback.	1519	Reads a JSON object or array, decodes it and passes it to the
		1520	callback. When a parse error occurs, an C<EBADMSG> error will be raised.
1146		1521
1147	If a C<json> object was passed to the constructor, then that will be used	1522	If a C<json> object was passed to the constructor, then that will be used
1148	for the final decode, otherwise it will create a JSON coder expecting UTF-8.	1523	for the final decode, otherwise it will create a JSON coder expecting UTF-8.
1149		1524
1150	This read type uses the incremental parser available with JSON version	1525	This read type uses the incremental parser available with JSON version
…		…
1159	=cut	1534	=cut
1160		1535
1161	register_read_type json => sub {	1536	register_read_type json => sub {
1162	my ($self, $cb) = @_;	1537	my ($self, $cb) = @_;
1163		1538
1164	require JSON;	1539	my $json = $self->{json} ||= json_coder;
1165		1540
1166	my $data;	1541	my $data;
1167	my $rbuf = \$self->{rbuf};	1542	my $rbuf = \$self->{rbuf};
1168		1543
1169	my $json = $self->{json} ||= JSON->new->utf8;
1170
1171	sub {	1544	sub {
1172	my $ref = $json->incr_parse ($self->{rbuf});	1545	my $ref = eval { $json->incr_parse ($self->{rbuf}) };
1173		1546
1174	if ($ref) {	1547	if ($ref) {
1175	$self->{rbuf} = $json->incr_text;	1548	$self->{rbuf} = $json->incr_text;
1176	$json->incr_text = "";	1549	$json->incr_text = "";
1177	$cb->($self, $ref);	1550	$cb->($self, $ref);
1178		1551
1179	1	1552	1
		1553	} elsif ($@) {
		1554	# error case
		1555	$json->incr_skip;
		1556
		1557	$self->{rbuf} = $json->incr_text;
		1558	$json->incr_text = "";
		1559
		1560	$self->_error (Errno::EBADMSG);
		1561
		1562	()
1180	} else {	1563	} else {
1181	$self->{rbuf} = "";	1564	$self->{rbuf} = "";
		1565
1182	()	1566	()
1183	}	1567	}
1184	}	1568	}
1185	};	1569	};
1186		1570
…		…
1218	# read remaining chunk	1602	# read remaining chunk
1219	$_[0]->unshift_read (chunk => $len, sub {	1603	$_[0]->unshift_read (chunk => $len, sub {
1220	if (my $ref = eval { Storable::thaw ($_[1]) }) {	1604	if (my $ref = eval { Storable::thaw ($_[1]) }) {
1221	$cb->($_[0], $ref);	1605	$cb->($_[0], $ref);
1222	} else {	1606	} else {
1223	$self->_error (&Errno::EBADMSG);	1607	$self->_error (Errno::EBADMSG);
1224	}	1608	}
1225	});	1609	});
1226	}	1610	}
1227		1611
1228	1	1612	1
…		…
1263	Note that AnyEvent::Handle will automatically C<start_read> for you when	1647	Note that AnyEvent::Handle will automatically C<start_read> for you when
1264	you change the C<on_read> callback or push/unshift a read callback, and it	1648	you change the C<on_read> callback or push/unshift a read callback, and it
1265	will automatically C<stop_read> for you when neither C<on_read> is set nor	1649	will automatically C<stop_read> for you when neither C<on_read> is set nor
1266	there are any read requests in the queue.	1650	there are any read requests in the queue.
1267		1651
		1652	These methods will have no effect when in TLS mode (as TLS doesn't support
		1653	half-duplex connections).
		1654
1268	=cut	1655	=cut
1269		1656
1270	sub stop_read {	1657	sub stop_read {
1271	my ($self) = @_;	1658	my ($self) = @_;
1272		1659
1273	delete $self->{_rw};	1660	delete $self->{_rw} unless $self->{tls};
1274	}	1661	}
1275		1662
1276	sub start_read {	1663	sub start_read {
1277	my ($self) = @_;	1664	my ($self) = @_;
1278		1665
1279	unless ($self->{_rw} || $self->{_eof}) {	1666	unless ($self->{_rw} || $self->{_eof}) {
1280	Scalar::Util::weaken $self;	1667	Scalar::Util::weaken $self;
1281		1668
1282	$self->{_rw} = AnyEvent->io (fh => $self->{fh}, poll => "r", cb => sub {	1669	$self->{_rw} = AE::io $self->{fh}, 0, sub {
1283	my $rbuf = $self->{filter_r} ? \my $buf : \$self->{rbuf};	1670	my $rbuf = \($self->{tls} ? my $buf : $self->{rbuf});
1284	my $len = sysread $self->{fh}, $$rbuf, $self->{read_size} || 8192, length $$rbuf;	1671	my $len = sysread $self->{fh}, $$rbuf, $self->{read_size} || 8192, length $$rbuf;
1285		1672
1286	if ($len > 0) {	1673	if ($len > 0) {
1287	$self->{_activity} = AnyEvent->now;	1674	$self->{_activity} = $self->{_ractivity} = AE::now;
1288		1675
1289	$self->{filter_r}	1676	if ($self->{tls}) {
1290	? $self->{filter_r}($self, $rbuf)	1677	Net::SSLeay::BIO_write ($self->{_rbio}, $$rbuf);
1291	: $self->{_in_drain} || $self->_drain_rbuf;	1678
		1679	&_dotls ($self);
		1680	} else {
		1681	$self->_drain_rbuf;
		1682	}
1292		1683
1293	} elsif (defined $len) {	1684	} elsif (defined $len) {
1294	delete $self->{_rw};	1685	delete $self->{_rw};
1295	$self->{_eof} = 1;	1686	$self->{_eof} = 1;
1296	$self->_drain_rbuf unless $self->{_in_drain};	1687	$self->_drain_rbuf;
1297		1688
1298	} elsif ($! != EAGAIN && $! != EINTR && $! != WSAEWOULDBLOCK) {	1689	} elsif ($! != EAGAIN && $! != EINTR && $! != WSAEWOULDBLOCK) {
1299	return $self->_error ($!, 1);	1690	return $self->_error ($!, 1);
1300	}	1691	}
1301	});	1692	};
1302	}	1693	}
1303	}	1694	}
1304		1695
		1696	our $ERROR_SYSCALL;
		1697	our $ERROR_WANT_READ;
		1698
		1699	sub _tls_error {
		1700	my ($self, $err) = @_;
		1701
		1702	return $self->_error ($!, 1)
		1703	if $err == Net::SSLeay::ERROR_SYSCALL ();
		1704
		1705	my $err =Net::SSLeay::ERR_error_string (Net::SSLeay::ERR_get_error ());
		1706
		1707	# reduce error string to look less scary
		1708	$err =~ s/^error:[0-9a-fA-F]{8}:[^:]+:([^:]+):/\L$1: /;
		1709
		1710	if ($self->{_on_starttls}) {
		1711	(delete $self->{_on_starttls})->($self, undef, $err);
		1712	&_freetls;
		1713	} else {
		1714	&_freetls;
		1715	$self->_error (Errno::EPROTO, 1, $err);
		1716	}
		1717	}
		1718
		1719	# poll the write BIO and send the data if applicable
		1720	# also decode read data if possible
		1721	# this is basiclaly our TLS state machine
		1722	# more efficient implementations are possible with openssl,
		1723	# but not with the buggy and incomplete Net::SSLeay.
1305	sub _dotls {	1724	sub _dotls {
1306	my ($self) = @_;	1725	my ($self) = @_;
1307		1726
1308	my $buf;	1727	my $tmp;
1309		1728
1310	if (length $self->{_tls_wbuf}) {	1729	if (length $self->{_tls_wbuf}) {
1311	while ((my $len = Net::SSLeay::write ($self->{tls}, $self->{_tls_wbuf})) > 0) {	1730	while (($tmp = Net::SSLeay::write ($self->{tls}, $self->{_tls_wbuf})) > 0) {
1312	substr $self->{_tls_wbuf}, 0, $len, "";	1731	substr $self->{_tls_wbuf}, 0, $tmp, "";
1313	}	1732	}
1314	}
1315		1733
		1734	$tmp = Net::SSLeay::get_error ($self->{tls}, $tmp);
		1735	return $self->_tls_error ($tmp)
		1736	if $tmp != $ERROR_WANT_READ
		1737	&& ($tmp != $ERROR_SYSCALL || $!);
		1738	}
		1739
		1740	while (defined ($tmp = Net::SSLeay::read ($self->{tls}))) {
		1741	unless (length $tmp) {
		1742	$self->{_on_starttls}
		1743	and (delete $self->{_on_starttls})->($self, undef, "EOF during handshake"); # ???
		1744	&_freetls;
		1745
		1746	if ($self->{on_stoptls}) {
		1747	$self->{on_stoptls}($self);
		1748	return;
		1749	} else {
		1750	# let's treat SSL-eof as we treat normal EOF
		1751	delete $self->{_rw};
		1752	$self->{_eof} = 1;
		1753	}
		1754	}
		1755
		1756	$self->{_tls_rbuf} .= $tmp;
		1757	$self->_drain_rbuf;
		1758	$self->{tls} or return; # tls session might have gone away in callback
		1759	}
		1760
		1761	$tmp = Net::SSLeay::get_error ($self->{tls}, -1);
		1762	return $self->_tls_error ($tmp)
		1763	if $tmp != $ERROR_WANT_READ
		1764	&& ($tmp != $ERROR_SYSCALL || $!);
		1765
1316	if (length ($buf = Net::SSLeay::BIO_read ($self->{_wbio}))) {	1766	while (length ($tmp = Net::SSLeay::BIO_read ($self->{_wbio}))) {
1317	$self->{wbuf} .= $buf;	1767	$self->{wbuf} .= $tmp;
1318	$self->_drain_wbuf;	1768	$self->_drain_wbuf;
1319	}	1769	}
1320		1770
1321	while (defined ($buf = Net::SSLeay::read ($self->{tls}))) {	1771	$self->{_on_starttls}
1322	if (length $buf) {	1772	and Net::SSLeay::state ($self->{tls}) == Net::SSLeay::ST_OK ()
1323	$self->{rbuf} .= $buf;	1773	and (delete $self->{_on_starttls})->($self, 1, "TLS/SSL connection established");
1324	$self->_drain_rbuf unless $self->{_in_drain};
1325	} else {
1326	# let's treat SSL-eof as we treat normal EOF
1327	$self->{_eof} = 1;
1328	$self->_shutdown;
1329	return;
1330	}
1331	}
1332
1333	my $err = Net::SSLeay::get_error ($self->{tls}, -1);
1334
1335	if ($err!= Net::SSLeay::ERROR_WANT_READ ()) {
1336	if ($err == Net::SSLeay::ERROR_SYSCALL ()) {
1337	return $self->_error ($!, 1);
1338	} elsif ($err == Net::SSLeay::ERROR_SSL ()) {
1339	return $self->_error (&Errno::EIO, 1);
1340	}
1341
1342	# all others are fine for our purposes
1343	}
1344	}	1774	}
1345		1775
1346	=item $handle->starttls ($tls[, $tls_ctx])	1776	=item $handle->starttls ($tls[, $tls_ctx])
1347		1777
1348	Instead of starting TLS negotiation immediately when the AnyEvent::Handle	1778	Instead of starting TLS negotiation immediately when the AnyEvent::Handle
1349	object is created, you can also do that at a later time by calling	1779	object is created, you can also do that at a later time by calling
1350	C<starttls>.	1780	C<starttls>.
1351		1781
		1782	Starting TLS is currently an asynchronous operation - when you push some
		1783	write data and then call C<< ->starttls >> then TLS negotiation will start
		1784	immediately, after which the queued write data is then sent.
		1785
1352	The first argument is the same as the C<tls> constructor argument (either	1786	The first argument is the same as the C<tls> constructor argument (either
1353	C<"connect">, C<"accept"> or an existing Net::SSLeay object).	1787	C<"connect">, C<"accept"> or an existing Net::SSLeay object).
1354		1788
1355	The second argument is the optional C<Net::SSLeay::CTX> object that is	1789	The second argument is the optional C<AnyEvent::TLS> object that is used
1356	used when AnyEvent::Handle has to create its own TLS connection object.	1790	when AnyEvent::Handle has to create its own TLS connection object, or
		1791	a hash reference with C<< key => value >> pairs that will be used to
		1792	construct a new context.
1357		1793
1358	The TLS connection object will end up in C<< $handle->{tls} >> after this	1794	The TLS connection object will end up in C<< $handle->{tls} >>, the TLS
1359	call and can be used or changed to your liking. Note that the handshake	1795	context in C<< $handle->{tls_ctx} >> after this call and can be used or
1360	might have already started when this function returns.	1796	changed to your liking. Note that the handshake might have already started
		1797	when this function returns.
1361		1798
		1799	Due to bugs in OpenSSL, it might or might not be possible to do multiple
		1800	handshakes on the same stream. Best do not attempt to use the stream after
		1801	stopping TLS.
		1802
1362	=cut	1803	=cut
		1804
		1805	our %TLS_CACHE; #TODO not yet documented, should we?
1363		1806
1364	sub starttls {	1807	sub starttls {
1365	my ($self, $ssl, $ctx) = @_;	1808	my ($self, $tls, $ctx) = @_;
1366		1809
1367	$self->stoptls;	1810	Carp::croak "It is an error to call starttls on an AnyEvent::Handle object while TLS is already active, caught"
		1811	if $self->{tls};
1368		1812
1369	if ($ssl eq "accept") {	1813	$self->{tls} = $tls;
1370	$ssl = Net::SSLeay::new ($ctx || TLS_CTX ());	1814	$self->{tls_ctx} = $ctx if @_ > 2;
1371	Net::SSLeay::set_accept_state ($ssl);	1815
1372	} elsif ($ssl eq "connect") {	1816	return unless $self->{fh};
1373	$ssl = Net::SSLeay::new ($ctx || TLS_CTX ());	1817
1374	Net::SSLeay::set_connect_state ($ssl);	1818	require Net::SSLeay;
		1819
		1820	$ERROR_SYSCALL = Net::SSLeay::ERROR_SYSCALL ();
		1821	$ERROR_WANT_READ = Net::SSLeay::ERROR_WANT_READ ();
		1822
		1823	$tls = delete $self->{tls};
		1824	$ctx = $self->{tls_ctx};
		1825
		1826	local $Carp::CarpLevel = 1; # skip ourselves when creating a new context or session
		1827
		1828	if ("HASH" eq ref $ctx) {
		1829	require AnyEvent::TLS;
		1830
		1831	if ($ctx->{cache}) {
		1832	my $key = $ctx+0;
		1833	$ctx = $TLS_CACHE{$key} ||= new AnyEvent::TLS %$ctx;
		1834	} else {
		1835	$ctx = new AnyEvent::TLS %$ctx;
		1836	}
		1837	}
1375	}	1838
1376		1839	$self->{tls_ctx} = $ctx || TLS_CTX ();
1377	$self->{tls} = $ssl;	1840	$self->{tls} = $tls = $self->{tls_ctx}->_get_session ($tls, $self, $self->{peername});
1378		1841
1379	# basically, this is deep magic (because SSL_read should have the same issues)	1842	# basically, this is deep magic (because SSL_read should have the same issues)
1380	# but the openssl maintainers basically said: "trust us, it just works".	1843	# but the openssl maintainers basically said: "trust us, it just works".
1381	# (unfortunately, we have to hardcode constants because the abysmally misdesigned	1844	# (unfortunately, we have to hardcode constants because the abysmally misdesigned
1382	# and mismaintained ssleay-module doesn't even offer them).	1845	# and mismaintained ssleay-module doesn't even offer them).
1383	# http://www.mail-archive.com/openssl-dev@openssl.org/msg22420.html	1846	# http://www.mail-archive.com/openssl-dev@openssl.org/msg22420.html
1384	#	1847	#
1385	# in short: this is a mess.	1848	# in short: this is a mess.
1386	#	1849	#
1387	# note that we do not try to kepe the length constant between writes as we are required to do.	1850	# note that we do not try to keep the length constant between writes as we are required to do.
1388	# we assume that most (but not all) of this insanity only applies to non-blocking cases,	1851	# we assume that most (but not all) of this insanity only applies to non-blocking cases,
1389	# and we drive openssl fully in blocking mode here.	1852	# and we drive openssl fully in blocking mode here. Or maybe we don't - openssl seems to
		1853	# have identity issues in that area.
1390	Net::SSLeay::CTX_set_mode ($self->{tls},	1854	# Net::SSLeay::CTX_set_mode ($ssl,
1391	(eval { local $SIG{__DIE__}; Net::SSLeay::MODE_ENABLE_PARTIAL_WRITE () } || 1)	1855	# (eval { local $SIG{__DIE__}; Net::SSLeay::MODE_ENABLE_PARTIAL_WRITE () } || 1)
1392	| (eval { local $SIG{__DIE__}; Net::SSLeay::MODE_ACCEPT_MOVING_WRITE_BUFFER () } || 2));	1856	# | (eval { local $SIG{__DIE__}; Net::SSLeay::MODE_ACCEPT_MOVING_WRITE_BUFFER () } || 2));
		1857	Net::SSLeay::CTX_set_mode ($tls, 1|2);
1393		1858
1394	$self->{_rbio} = Net::SSLeay::BIO_new (Net::SSLeay::BIO_s_mem ());	1859	$self->{_rbio} = Net::SSLeay::BIO_new (Net::SSLeay::BIO_s_mem ());
1395	$self->{_wbio} = Net::SSLeay::BIO_new (Net::SSLeay::BIO_s_mem ());	1860	$self->{_wbio} = Net::SSLeay::BIO_new (Net::SSLeay::BIO_s_mem ());
1396		1861
		1862	Net::SSLeay::BIO_write ($self->{_rbio}, delete $self->{rbuf});
		1863
1397	Net::SSLeay::set_bio ($ssl, $self->{_rbio}, $self->{_wbio});	1864	Net::SSLeay::set_bio ($tls, $self->{_rbio}, $self->{_wbio});
1398		1865
1399	$self->{filter_w} = sub {	1866	$self->{_on_starttls} = sub { $_[0]{on_starttls}(@_) }
1400	$_[0]{_tls_wbuf} .= ${$_[1]};	1867	if $self->{on_starttls};
1401	&_dotls;	1868
1402	};	1869	&_dotls; # need to trigger the initial handshake
1403	$self->{filter_r} = sub {	1870	$self->start_read; # make sure we actually do read
1404	Net::SSLeay::BIO_write ($_[0]{_rbio}, ${$_[1]});
1405	&_dotls;
1406	};
1407	}	1871	}
1408		1872
1409	=item $handle->stoptls	1873	=item $handle->stoptls
1410		1874
1411	Destroys the SSL connection, if any. Partial read or write data will be	1875	Shuts down the SSL connection - this makes a proper EOF handshake by
1412	lost.	1876	sending a close notify to the other side, but since OpenSSL doesn't
		1877	support non-blocking shut downs, it is not guarenteed that you can re-use
		1878	the stream afterwards.
1413		1879
1414	=cut	1880	=cut
1415		1881
1416	sub stoptls {	1882	sub stoptls {
1417	my ($self) = @_;	1883	my ($self) = @_;
1418		1884
1419	Net::SSLeay::free (delete $self->{tls}) if $self->{tls};	1885	if ($self->{tls}) {
		1886	Net::SSLeay::shutdown ($self->{tls});
1420		1887
1421	delete $self->{_rbio};	1888	&_dotls;
1422	delete $self->{_wbio};	1889
1423	delete $self->{_tls_wbuf};	1890	# # we don't give a shit. no, we do, but we can't. no...#d#
1424	delete $self->{filter_r};	1891	# # we, we... have to use openssl :/#d#
1425	delete $self->{filter_w};	1892	# &_freetls;#d#
		1893	}
		1894	}
		1895
		1896	sub _freetls {
		1897	my ($self) = @_;
		1898
		1899	return unless $self->{tls};
		1900
		1901	$self->{tls_ctx}->_put_session (delete $self->{tls})
		1902	if $self->{tls} > 0;
		1903
		1904	delete @$self{qw(_rbio _wbio _tls_wbuf _on_starttls)};
1426	}	1905	}
1427		1906
1428	sub DESTROY {	1907	sub DESTROY {
1429	my $self = shift;	1908	my ($self) = @_;
1430		1909
1431	$self->stoptls;	1910	&_freetls;
1432		1911
1433	my $linger = exists $self->{linger} ? $self->{linger} : 3600;	1912	my $linger = exists $self->{linger} ? $self->{linger} : 3600;
1434		1913
1435	if ($linger && length $self->{wbuf}) {	1914	if ($linger && length $self->{wbuf} && $self->{fh}) {
1436	my $fh = delete $self->{fh};	1915	my $fh = delete $self->{fh};
1437	my $wbuf = delete $self->{wbuf};	1916	my $wbuf = delete $self->{wbuf};
1438		1917
1439	my @linger;	1918	my @linger;
1440		1919
1441	push @linger, AnyEvent->io (fh => $fh, poll => "w", cb => sub {	1920	push @linger, AE::io $fh, 1, sub {
1442	my $len = syswrite $fh, $wbuf, length $wbuf;	1921	my $len = syswrite $fh, $wbuf, length $wbuf;
1443		1922
1444	if ($len > 0) {	1923	if ($len > 0) {
1445	substr $wbuf, 0, $len, "";	1924	substr $wbuf, 0, $len, "";
1446	} else {	1925	} else {
1447	@linger = (); # end	1926	@linger = (); # end
1448	}	1927	}
1449	});	1928	};
1450	push @linger, AnyEvent->timer (after => $linger, cb => sub {	1929	push @linger, AE::timer $linger, 0, sub {
1451	@linger = ();	1930	@linger = ();
1452	});	1931	};
1453	}	1932	}
		1933	}
		1934
		1935	=item $handle->destroy
		1936
		1937	Shuts down the handle object as much as possible - this call ensures that
		1938	no further callbacks will be invoked and as many resources as possible
		1939	will be freed. Any method you will call on the handle object after
		1940	destroying it in this way will be silently ignored (and it will return the
		1941	empty list).
		1942
		1943	Normally, you can just "forget" any references to an AnyEvent::Handle
		1944	object and it will simply shut down. This works in fatal error and EOF
		1945	callbacks, as well as code outside. It does I<NOT> work in a read or write
		1946	callback, so when you want to destroy the AnyEvent::Handle object from
		1947	within such an callback. You I<MUST> call C<< ->destroy >> explicitly in
		1948	that case.
		1949
		1950	Destroying the handle object in this way has the advantage that callbacks
		1951	will be removed as well, so if those are the only reference holders (as
		1952	is common), then one doesn't need to do anything special to break any
		1953	reference cycles.
		1954
		1955	The handle might still linger in the background and write out remaining
		1956	data, as specified by the C<linger> option, however.
		1957
		1958	=cut
		1959
		1960	sub destroy {
		1961	my ($self) = @_;
		1962
		1963	$self->DESTROY;
		1964	%$self = ();
		1965	bless $self, "AnyEvent::Handle::destroyed";
		1966	}
		1967
		1968	sub AnyEvent::Handle::destroyed::AUTOLOAD {
		1969	#nop
1454	}	1970	}
1455		1971
1456	=item AnyEvent::Handle::TLS_CTX	1972	=item AnyEvent::Handle::TLS_CTX
1457		1973
1458	This function creates and returns the Net::SSLeay::CTX object used by	1974	This function creates and returns the AnyEvent::TLS object used by default
1459	default for TLS mode.	1975	for TLS mode.
1460		1976
1461	The context is created like this:	1977	The context is created by calling L<AnyEvent::TLS> without any arguments.
1462
1463	Net::SSLeay::load_error_strings;
1464	Net::SSLeay::SSLeay_add_ssl_algorithms;
1465	Net::SSLeay::randomize;
1466
1467	my $CTX = Net::SSLeay::CTX_new;
1468
1469	Net::SSLeay::CTX_set_options $CTX, Net::SSLeay::OP_ALL
1470		1978
1471	=cut	1979	=cut
1472		1980
1473	our $TLS_CTX;	1981	our $TLS_CTX;
1474		1982
1475	sub TLS_CTX() {	1983	sub TLS_CTX() {
1476	$TLS_CTX || do {	1984	$TLS_CTX ||= do {
1477	require Net::SSLeay;	1985	require AnyEvent::TLS;
1478		1986
1479	Net::SSLeay::load_error_strings ();	1987	new AnyEvent::TLS
1480	Net::SSLeay::SSLeay_add_ssl_algorithms ();
1481	Net::SSLeay::randomize ();
1482
1483	$TLS_CTX = Net::SSLeay::CTX_new ();
1484
1485	Net::SSLeay::CTX_set_options ($TLS_CTX, Net::SSLeay::OP_ALL ());
1486
1487	$TLS_CTX
1488	}	1988	}
1489	}	1989	}
1490		1990
1491	=back	1991	=back
		1992
		1993
		1994	=head1 NONFREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS
		1995
		1996	=over 4
		1997
		1998	=item I C<undef> the AnyEvent::Handle reference inside my callback and
		1999	still get further invocations!
		2000
		2001	That's because AnyEvent::Handle keeps a reference to itself when handling
		2002	read or write callbacks.
		2003
		2004	It is only safe to "forget" the reference inside EOF or error callbacks,
		2005	from within all other callbacks, you need to explicitly call the C<<
		2006	->destroy >> method.
		2007
		2008	=item I get different callback invocations in TLS mode/Why can't I pause
		2009	reading?
		2010
		2011	Unlike, say, TCP, TLS connections do not consist of two independent
		2012	communication channels, one for each direction. Or put differently. The
		2013	read and write directions are not independent of each other: you cannot
		2014	write data unless you are also prepared to read, and vice versa.
		2015
		2016	This can mean than, in TLS mode, you might get C<on_error> or C<on_eof>
		2017	callback invocations when you are not expecting any read data - the reason
		2018	is that AnyEvent::Handle always reads in TLS mode.
		2019
		2020	During the connection, you have to make sure that you always have a
		2021	non-empty read-queue, or an C<on_read> watcher. At the end of the
		2022	connection (or when you no longer want to use it) you can call the
		2023	C<destroy> method.
		2024
		2025	=item How do I read data until the other side closes the connection?
		2026
		2027	If you just want to read your data into a perl scalar, the easiest way
		2028	to achieve this is by setting an C<on_read> callback that does nothing,
		2029	clearing the C<on_eof> callback and in the C<on_error> callback, the data
		2030	will be in C<$_[0]{rbuf}>:
		2031
		2032	$handle->on_read (sub { });
		2033	$handle->on_eof (undef);
		2034	$handle->on_error (sub {
		2035	my $data = delete $_[0]{rbuf};
		2036	});
		2037
		2038	The reason to use C<on_error> is that TCP connections, due to latencies
		2039	and packets loss, might get closed quite violently with an error, when in
		2040	fact, all data has been received.
		2041
		2042	It is usually better to use acknowledgements when transferring data,
		2043	to make sure the other side hasn't just died and you got the data
		2044	intact. This is also one reason why so many internet protocols have an
		2045	explicit QUIT command.
		2046
		2047	=item I don't want to destroy the handle too early - how do I wait until
		2048	all data has been written?
		2049
		2050	After writing your last bits of data, set the C<on_drain> callback
		2051	and destroy the handle in there - with the default setting of
		2052	C<low_water_mark> this will be called precisely when all data has been
		2053	written to the socket:
		2054
		2055	$handle->push_write (...);
		2056	$handle->on_drain (sub {
		2057	warn "all data submitted to the kernel\n";
		2058	undef $handle;
		2059	});
		2060
		2061	If you just want to queue some data and then signal EOF to the other side,
		2062	consider using C<< ->push_shutdown >> instead.
		2063
		2064	=item I want to contact a TLS/SSL server, I don't care about security.
		2065
		2066	If your TLS server is a pure TLS server (e.g. HTTPS) that only speaks TLS,
		2067	simply connect to it and then create the AnyEvent::Handle with the C<tls>
		2068	parameter:
		2069
		2070	tcp_connect $host, $port, sub {
		2071	my ($fh) = @_;
		2072
		2073	my $handle = new AnyEvent::Handle
		2074	fh => $fh,
		2075	tls => "connect",
		2076	on_error => sub { ... };
		2077
		2078	$handle->push_write (...);
		2079	};
		2080
		2081	=item I want to contact a TLS/SSL server, I do care about security.
		2082
		2083	Then you should additionally enable certificate verification, including
		2084	peername verification, if the protocol you use supports it (see
		2085	L<AnyEvent::TLS>, C<verify_peername>).
		2086
		2087	E.g. for HTTPS:
		2088
		2089	tcp_connect $host, $port, sub {
		2090	my ($fh) = @_;
		2091
		2092	my $handle = new AnyEvent::Handle
		2093	fh => $fh,
		2094	peername => $host,
		2095	tls => "connect",
		2096	tls_ctx => { verify => 1, verify_peername => "https" },
		2097	...
		2098
		2099	Note that you must specify the hostname you connected to (or whatever
		2100	"peername" the protocol needs) as the C<peername> argument, otherwise no
		2101	peername verification will be done.
		2102
		2103	The above will use the system-dependent default set of trusted CA
		2104	certificates. If you want to check against a specific CA, add the
		2105	C<ca_file> (or C<ca_cert>) arguments to C<tls_ctx>:
		2106
		2107	tls_ctx => {
		2108	verify => 1,
		2109	verify_peername => "https",
		2110	ca_file => "my-ca-cert.pem",
		2111	},
		2112
		2113	=item I want to create a TLS/SSL server, how do I do that?
		2114
		2115	Well, you first need to get a server certificate and key. You have
		2116	three options: a) ask a CA (buy one, use cacert.org etc.) b) create a
		2117	self-signed certificate (cheap. check the search engine of your choice,
		2118	there are many tutorials on the net) or c) make your own CA (tinyca2 is a
		2119	nice program for that purpose).
		2120
		2121	Then create a file with your private key (in PEM format, see
		2122	L<AnyEvent::TLS>), followed by the certificate (also in PEM format). The
		2123	file should then look like this:
		2124
		2125	-----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----
		2126	...header data
		2127	... lots of base64'y-stuff
		2128	-----END RSA PRIVATE KEY-----
		2129
		2130	-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
		2131	... lots of base64'y-stuff
		2132	-----END CERTIFICATE-----
		2133
		2134	The important bits are the "PRIVATE KEY" and "CERTIFICATE" parts. Then
		2135	specify this file as C<cert_file>:
		2136
		2137	tcp_server undef, $port, sub {
		2138	my ($fh) = @_;
		2139
		2140	my $handle = new AnyEvent::Handle
		2141	fh => $fh,
		2142	tls => "accept",
		2143	tls_ctx => { cert_file => "my-server-keycert.pem" },
		2144	...
		2145
		2146	When you have intermediate CA certificates that your clients might not
		2147	know about, just append them to the C<cert_file>.
		2148
		2149	=back
		2150
1492		2151
1493	=head1 SUBCLASSING AnyEvent::Handle	2152	=head1 SUBCLASSING AnyEvent::Handle
1494		2153
1495	In many cases, you might want to subclass AnyEvent::Handle.	2154	In many cases, you might want to subclass AnyEvent::Handle.
1496		2155

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