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Revision 1.192 by root, Fri Mar 12 23:22:14 2010 UTC

1	package AnyEvent::Handle;
2
3	no warnings;
4	use strict qw(subs vars);
5
6	use AnyEvent ();
7	use AnyEvent::Util qw(WSAEWOULDBLOCK);
8	use Scalar::Util ();
9	use Carp ();
10	use Fcntl ();
11	use Errno qw(EAGAIN EINTR);
12
13	=head1 NAME	1	=head1 NAME
14		2
15	AnyEvent::Handle - non-blocking I/O on file handles via AnyEvent	3	AnyEvent::Handle - non-blocking I/O on file handles via AnyEvent
16
17	=cut
18
19	our $VERSION = 4.45;
20		4
21	=head1 SYNOPSIS	5	=head1 SYNOPSIS
22		6
23	use AnyEvent;	7	use AnyEvent;
24	use AnyEvent::Handle;	8	use AnyEvent::Handle;
25		9
26	my $cv = AnyEvent->condvar;	10	my $cv = AnyEvent->condvar;
27		11
28	my $handle =	12	my $hdl; $hdl = new AnyEvent::Handle
29	AnyEvent::Handle->new (
30	fh => \*STDIN,	13	fh => \*STDIN,
31	on_eof => sub {	14	on_error => sub {
		15	my ($hdl, $fatal, $msg) = @_;
		16	warn "got error $msg\n";
		17	$hdl->destroy;
32	$cv->send;	18	$cv->send;
33	},
34	);	19	};
35		20
36	# send some request line	21	# send some request line
37	$handle->push_write ("getinfo\015\012");	22	$hdl->push_write ("getinfo\015\012");
38		23
39	# read the response line	24	# read the response line
40	$handle->push_read (line => sub {	25	$hdl->push_read (line => sub {
41	my ($handle, $line) = @_;	26	my ($hdl, $line) = @_;
42	warn "read line <$line>\n";	27	warn "got line <$line>\n";
43	$cv->send;	28	$cv->send;
44	});	29	});
45		30
46	$cv->recv;	31	$cv->recv;
47		32
48	=head1 DESCRIPTION	33	=head1 DESCRIPTION
49		34
50	This module is a helper module to make it easier to do event-based I/O on	35	This module is a helper module to make it easier to do event-based I/O on
51	filehandles. For utility functions for doing non-blocking connects and accepts	36	filehandles.
52	on sockets see L<AnyEvent::Util>.
53		37
54	The L<AnyEvent::Intro> tutorial contains some well-documented	38	The L<AnyEvent::Intro> tutorial contains some well-documented
55	AnyEvent::Handle examples.	39	AnyEvent::Handle examples.
56		40
57	In the following, when the documentation refers to of "bytes" then this	41	In the following, when the documentation refers to of "bytes" then this
58	means characters. As sysread and syswrite are used for all I/O, their	42	means characters. As sysread and syswrite are used for all I/O, their
59	treatment of characters applies to this module as well.	43	treatment of characters applies to this module as well.
60		44
		45	At the very minimum, you should specify C<fh> or C<connect>, and the
		46	C<on_error> callback.
		47
61	All callbacks will be invoked with the handle object as their first	48	All callbacks will be invoked with the handle object as their first
62	argument.	49	argument.
63		50
		51	=cut
		52
		53	package AnyEvent::Handle;
		54
		55	use Scalar::Util ();
		56	use List::Util ();
		57	use Carp ();
		58	use Errno qw(EAGAIN EINTR);
		59
		60	use AnyEvent (); BEGIN { AnyEvent::common_sense }
		61	use AnyEvent::Util qw(WSAEWOULDBLOCK);
		62
		63	our $VERSION = $AnyEvent::VERSION;
		64
		65	sub _load_func($) {
		66	my $func = $_[0];
		67
		68	unless (defined &$func) {
		69	my $pkg = $func;
		70	do {
		71	$pkg =~ s/::[^:]+$//
		72	or return;
		73	eval "require $pkg";
		74	} until defined &$func;
		75	}
		76
		77	\&$func
		78	}
		79
64	=head1 METHODS	80	=head1 METHODS
65		81
66	=over 4	82	=over 4
67		83
68	=item $handle = B<new> AnyEvent::TLS fh => $filehandle, key => value...	84	=item $handle = B<new> AnyEvent::Handle fh => $filehandle, key => value...
69		85
70	The constructor supports these arguments (all as C<< key => value >> pairs).	86	The constructor supports these arguments (all as C<< key => value >> pairs).
71		87
72	=over 4	88	=over 4
73		89
74	=item fh => $filehandle [MANDATORY]	90	=item fh => $filehandle [C<fh> or C<connect> MANDATORY]
75		91
76	The filehandle this L<AnyEvent::Handle> object will operate on.	92	The filehandle this L<AnyEvent::Handle> object will operate on.
77
78	NOTE: The filehandle will be set to non-blocking mode (using	93	NOTE: The filehandle will be set to non-blocking mode (using
79	C<AnyEvent::Util::fh_nonblocking>) by the constructor and needs to stay in	94	C<AnyEvent::Util::fh_nonblocking>) by the constructor and needs to stay in
80	that mode.	95	that mode.
81		96
		97	=item connect => [$host, $service] [C<fh> or C<connect> MANDATORY]
		98
		99	Try to connect to the specified host and service (port), using
		100	C<AnyEvent::Socket::tcp_connect>. The C<$host> additionally becomes the
		101	default C<peername>.
		102
		103	You have to specify either this parameter, or C<fh>, above.
		104
		105	It is possible to push requests on the read and write queues, and modify
		106	properties of the stream, even while AnyEvent::Handle is connecting.
		107
		108	When this parameter is specified, then the C<on_prepare>,
		109	C<on_connect_error> and C<on_connect> callbacks will be called under the
		110	appropriate circumstances:
		111
		112	=over 4
		113
		114	=item on_prepare => $cb->($handle)
		115
		116	This (rarely used) callback is called before a new connection is
		117	attempted, but after the file handle has been created. It could be used to
		118	prepare the file handle with parameters required for the actual connect
		119	(as opposed to settings that can be changed when the connection is already
		120	established).
		121
		122	The return value of this callback should be the connect timeout value in
		123	seconds (or C<0>, or C<undef>, or the empty list, to indicate the default
		124	timeout is to be used).
		125
		126	=item on_connect => $cb->($handle, $host, $port, $retry->())
		127
		128	This callback is called when a connection has been successfully established.
		129
		130	The actual numeric host and port (the socket peername) are passed as
		131	parameters, together with a retry callback.
		132
		133	When, for some reason, the handle is not acceptable, then calling
		134	C<$retry> will continue with the next connection target (in case of
		135	multi-homed hosts or SRV records there can be multiple connection
		136	endpoints). At the time it is called the read and write queues, eof
		137	status, tls status and similar properties of the handle will have been
		138	reset.
		139
		140	In most cases, ignoring the C<$retry> parameter is the way to go.
		141
		142	=item on_connect_error => $cb->($handle, $message)
		143
		144	This callback is called when the connection could not be
		145	established. C<$!> will contain the relevant error code, and C<$message> a
		146	message describing it (usually the same as C<"$!">).
		147
		148	If this callback isn't specified, then C<on_error> will be called with a
		149	fatal error instead.
		150
		151	=back
		152
		153	=item on_error => $cb->($handle, $fatal, $message)
		154
		155	This is the error callback, which is called when, well, some error
		156	occured, such as not being able to resolve the hostname, failure to
		157	connect or a read error.
		158
		159	Some errors are fatal (which is indicated by C<$fatal> being true). On
		160	fatal errors the handle object will be destroyed (by a call to C<< ->
		161	destroy >>) after invoking the error callback (which means you are free to
		162	examine the handle object). Examples of fatal errors are an EOF condition
		163	with active (but unsatisifable) read watchers (C<EPIPE>) or I/O errors. In
		164	cases where the other side can close the connection at their will it is
		165	often easiest to not report C<EPIPE> errors in this callback.
		166
		167	AnyEvent::Handle tries to find an appropriate error code for you to check
		168	against, but in some cases (TLS errors), this does not work well. It is
		169	recommended to always output the C<$message> argument in human-readable
		170	error messages (it's usually the same as C<"$!">).
		171
		172	Non-fatal errors can be retried by simply returning, but it is recommended
		173	to simply ignore this parameter and instead abondon the handle object
		174	when this callback is invoked. Examples of non-fatal errors are timeouts
		175	C<ETIMEDOUT>) or badly-formatted data (C<EBADMSG>).
		176
		177	On callback entrance, the value of C<$!> contains the operating system
		178	error code (or C<ENOSPC>, C<EPIPE>, C<ETIMEDOUT>, C<EBADMSG> or
		179	C<EPROTO>).
		180
		181	While not mandatory, it is I<highly> recommended to set this callback, as
		182	you will not be notified of errors otherwise. The default simply calls
		183	C<croak>.
		184
		185	=item on_read => $cb->($handle)
		186
		187	This sets the default read callback, which is called when data arrives
		188	and no read request is in the queue (unlike read queue callbacks, this
		189	callback will only be called when at least one octet of data is in the
		190	read buffer).
		191
		192	To access (and remove data from) the read buffer, use the C<< ->rbuf >>
		193	method or access the C<< $handle->{rbuf} >> member directly. Note that you
		194	must not enlarge or modify the read buffer, you can only remove data at
		195	the beginning from it.
		196
		197	When an EOF condition is detected then AnyEvent::Handle will first try to
		198	feed all the remaining data to the queued callbacks and C<on_read> before
		199	calling the C<on_eof> callback. If no progress can be made, then a fatal
		200	error will be raised (with C<$!> set to C<EPIPE>).
		201
		202	Note that, unlike requests in the read queue, an C<on_read> callback
		203	doesn't mean you I<require> some data: if there is an EOF and there
		204	are outstanding read requests then an error will be flagged. With an
		205	C<on_read> callback, the C<on_eof> callback will be invoked.
		206
82	=item on_eof => $cb->($handle)	207	=item on_eof => $cb->($handle)
83		208
84	Set the callback to be called when an end-of-file condition is detected,	209	Set the callback to be called when an end-of-file condition is detected,
85	i.e. in the case of a socket, when the other side has closed the	210	i.e. in the case of a socket, when the other side has closed the
86	connection cleanly.	211	connection cleanly, and there are no outstanding read requests in the
		212	queue (if there are read requests, then an EOF counts as an unexpected
		213	connection close and will be flagged as an error).
87		214
88	For sockets, this just means that the other side has stopped sending data,	215	For sockets, this just means that the other side has stopped sending data,
89	you can still try to write data, and, in fact, one can return from the EOF	216	you can still try to write data, and, in fact, one can return from the EOF
90	callback and continue writing data, as only the read part has been shut	217	callback and continue writing data, as only the read part has been shut
91	down.	218	down.
92		219
93	While not mandatory, it is I<highly> recommended to set an EOF callback,
94	otherwise you might end up with a closed socket while you are still
95	waiting for data.
96
97	If an EOF condition has been detected but no C<on_eof> callback has been	220	If an EOF condition has been detected but no C<on_eof> callback has been
98	set, then a fatal error will be raised with C<$!> set to <0>.	221	set, then a fatal error will be raised with C<$!> set to <0>.
99
100	=item on_error => $cb->($handle, $fatal)
101
102	This is the error callback, which is called when, well, some error
103	occured, such as not being able to resolve the hostname, failure to
104	connect or a read error.
105
106	Some errors are fatal (which is indicated by C<$fatal> being true). On
107	fatal errors the handle object will be shut down and will not be usable
108	(but you are free to look at the current C<< ->rbuf >>). Examples of fatal
109	errors are an EOF condition with active (but unsatisifable) read watchers
110	(C<EPIPE>) or I/O errors.
111
112	Non-fatal errors can be retried by simply returning, but it is recommended
113	to simply ignore this parameter and instead abondon the handle object
114	when this callback is invoked. Examples of non-fatal errors are timeouts
115	C<ETIMEDOUT>) or badly-formatted data (C<EBADMSG>).
116
117	On callback entrance, the value of C<$!> contains the operating system
118	error (or C<ENOSPC>, C<EPIPE>, C<ETIMEDOUT> or C<EBADMSG>).
119
120	While not mandatory, it is I<highly> recommended to set this callback, as
121	you will not be notified of errors otherwise. The default simply calls
122	C<croak>.
123
124	=item on_read => $cb->($handle)
125
126	This sets the default read callback, which is called when data arrives
127	and no read request is in the queue (unlike read queue callbacks, this
128	callback will only be called when at least one octet of data is in the
129	read buffer).
130
131	To access (and remove data from) the read buffer, use the C<< ->rbuf >>
132	method or access the C<$handle->{rbuf}> member directly. Note that you
133	must not enlarge or modify the read buffer, you can only remove data at
134	the beginning from it.
135
136	When an EOF condition is detected then AnyEvent::Handle will first try to
137	feed all the remaining data to the queued callbacks and C<on_read> before
138	calling the C<on_eof> callback. If no progress can be made, then a fatal
139	error will be raised (with C<$!> set to C<EPIPE>).
140		222
141	=item on_drain => $cb->($handle)	223	=item on_drain => $cb->($handle)
142		224
143	This sets the callback that is called when the write buffer becomes empty	225	This sets the callback that is called when the write buffer becomes empty
144	(or when the callback is set and the buffer is empty already).	226	(or when the callback is set and the buffer is empty already).
…		…
151	memory and push it into the queue, but instead only read more data from	233	memory and push it into the queue, but instead only read more data from
152	the file when the write queue becomes empty.	234	the file when the write queue becomes empty.
153		235
154	=item timeout => $fractional_seconds	236	=item timeout => $fractional_seconds
155		237
		238	=item rtimeout => $fractional_seconds
		239
		240	=item wtimeout => $fractional_seconds
		241
156	If non-zero, then this enables an "inactivity" timeout: whenever this many	242	If non-zero, then these enables an "inactivity" timeout: whenever this
157	seconds pass without a successful read or write on the underlying file	243	many seconds pass without a successful read or write on the underlying
158	handle, the C<on_timeout> callback will be invoked (and if that one is	244	file handle (or a call to C<timeout_reset>), the C<on_timeout> callback
159	missing, a non-fatal C<ETIMEDOUT> error will be raised).	245	will be invoked (and if that one is missing, a non-fatal C<ETIMEDOUT>
		246	error will be raised).
		247
		248	There are three variants of the timeouts that work fully independent
		249	of each other, for both read and write, just read, and just write:
		250	C<timeout>, C<rtimeout> and C<wtimeout>, with corresponding callbacks
		251	C<on_timeout>, C<on_rtimeout> and C<on_wtimeout>, and reset functions
		252	C<timeout_reset>, C<rtimeout_reset>, and C<wtimeout_reset>.
160		253
161	Note that timeout processing is also active when you currently do not have	254	Note that timeout processing is also active when you currently do not have
162	any outstanding read or write requests: If you plan to keep the connection	255	any outstanding read or write requests: If you plan to keep the connection
163	idle then you should disable the timout temporarily or ignore the timeout	256	idle then you should disable the timout temporarily or ignore the timeout
164	in the C<on_timeout> callback, in which case AnyEvent::Handle will simply	257	in the C<on_timeout> callback, in which case AnyEvent::Handle will simply
…		…
208	accomplishd by setting this option to a true value.	301	accomplishd by setting this option to a true value.
209		302
210	The default is your opertaing system's default behaviour (most likely	303	The default is your opertaing system's default behaviour (most likely
211	enabled), this option explicitly enables or disables it, if possible.	304	enabled), this option explicitly enables or disables it, if possible.
212		305
		306	=item keepalive => <boolean>
		307
		308	Enables (default disable) the SO_KEEPALIVE option on the stream socket:
		309	normally, TCP connections have no time-out once established, so TCP
		310	connections, once established, can stay alive forever even when the other
		311	side has long gone. TCP keepalives are a cheap way to take down long-lived
		312	TCP connections whent he other side becomes unreachable. While the default
		313	is OS-dependent, TCP keepalives usually kick in after around two hours,
		314	and, if the other side doesn't reply, take down the TCP connection some 10
		315	to 15 minutes later.
		316
		317	It is harmless to specify this option for file handles that do not support
		318	keepalives, and enabling it on connections that are potentially long-lived
		319	is usually a good idea.
		320
		321	=item oobinline => <boolean>
		322
		323	BSD majorly fucked up the implementation of TCP urgent data. The result
		324	is that almost no OS implements TCP according to the specs, and every OS
		325	implements it slightly differently.
		326
		327	If you want to handle TCP urgent data, then setting this flag (the default
		328	is enabled) gives you the most portable way of getting urgent data, by
		329	putting it into the stream.
		330
		331	Since BSD emulation of OOB data on top of TCP's urgent data can have
		332	security implications, AnyEvent::Handle sets this flag automatically
		333	unless explicitly specified. Note that setting this flag after
		334	establishing a connection I<may> be a bit too late (data loss could
		335	already have occured on BSD systems), but at least it will protect you
		336	from most attacks.
		337
213	=item read_size => <bytes>	338	=item read_size => <bytes>
214		339
215	The default read block size (the amount of bytes this module will	340	The default read block size (the amount of bytes this module will
216	try to read during each loop iteration, which affects memory	341	try to read during each loop iteration, which affects memory
217	requirements). Default: C<8192>.	342	requirements). Default: C<8192>.
…		…
237		362
238	This will not work for partial TLS data that could not be encoded	363	This will not work for partial TLS data that could not be encoded
239	yet. This data will be lost. Calling the C<stoptls> method in time might	364	yet. This data will be lost. Calling the C<stoptls> method in time might
240	help.	365	help.
241		366
242	=item common_name => $string	367	=item peername => $string
243		368
244	The common name used by some verification methods (most notably SSL/TLS)	369	A string used to identify the remote site - usually the DNS hostname
245	associated with this connection. Usually this is the remote hostname used	370	(I<not> IDN!) used to create the connection, rarely the IP address.
246	to connect, but can be almost anything.	371
		372	Apart from being useful in error messages, this string is also used in TLS
		373	peername verification (see C<verify_peername> in L<AnyEvent::TLS>). This
		374	verification will be skipped when C<peername> is not specified or
		375	C<undef>.
247		376
248	=item tls => "accept" | "connect" | Net::SSLeay::SSL object	377	=item tls => "accept" | "connect" | Net::SSLeay::SSL object
249		378
250	When this parameter is given, it enables TLS (SSL) mode, that means	379	When this parameter is given, it enables TLS (SSL) mode, that means
251	AnyEvent will start a TLS handshake as soon as the conenction has been	380	AnyEvent will start a TLS handshake as soon as the connection has been
252	established and will transparently encrypt/decrypt data afterwards.	381	established and will transparently encrypt/decrypt data afterwards.
		382
		383	All TLS protocol errors will be signalled as C<EPROTO>, with an
		384	appropriate error message.
253		385
254	TLS mode requires Net::SSLeay to be installed (it will be loaded	386	TLS mode requires Net::SSLeay to be installed (it will be loaded
255	automatically when you try to create a TLS handle): this module doesn't	387	automatically when you try to create a TLS handle): this module doesn't
256	have a dependency on that module, so if your module requires it, you have	388	have a dependency on that module, so if your module requires it, you have
257	to add the dependency yourself.	389	to add the dependency yourself.
…		…
285		417
286	Instead of an object, you can also specify a hash reference with C<< key	418	Instead of an object, you can also specify a hash reference with C<< key
287	=> value >> pairs. Those will be passed to L<AnyEvent::TLS> to create a	419	=> value >> pairs. Those will be passed to L<AnyEvent::TLS> to create a
288	new TLS context object.	420	new TLS context object.
289		421
		422	=item on_starttls => $cb->($handle, $success[, $error_message])
		423
		424	This callback will be invoked when the TLS/SSL handshake has finished. If
		425	C<$success> is true, then the TLS handshake succeeded, otherwise it failed
		426	(C<on_stoptls> will not be called in this case).
		427
		428	The session in C<< $handle->{tls} >> can still be examined in this
		429	callback, even when the handshake was not successful.
		430
		431	TLS handshake failures will not cause C<on_error> to be invoked when this
		432	callback is in effect, instead, the error message will be passed to C<on_starttls>.
		433
		434	Without this callback, handshake failures lead to C<on_error> being
		435	called, as normal.
		436
		437	Note that you cannot call C<starttls> right again in this callback. If you
		438	need to do that, start an zero-second timer instead whose callback can
		439	then call C<< ->starttls >> again.
		440
		441	=item on_stoptls => $cb->($handle)
		442
		443	When a SSLv3/TLS shutdown/close notify/EOF is detected and this callback is
		444	set, then it will be invoked after freeing the TLS session. If it is not,
		445	then a TLS shutdown condition will be treated like a normal EOF condition
		446	on the handle.
		447
		448	The session in C<< $handle->{tls} >> can still be examined in this
		449	callback.
		450
		451	This callback will only be called on TLS shutdowns, not when the
		452	underlying handle signals EOF.
		453
290	=item json => JSON or JSON::XS object	454	=item json => JSON or JSON::XS object
291		455
292	This is the json coder object used by the C<json> read and write types.	456	This is the json coder object used by the C<json> read and write types.
293		457
294	If you don't supply it, then AnyEvent::Handle will create and use a	458	If you don't supply it, then AnyEvent::Handle will create and use a
…		…
304		468
305	sub new {	469	sub new {
306	my $class = shift;	470	my $class = shift;
307	my $self = bless { @_ }, $class;	471	my $self = bless { @_ }, $class;
308		472
309	$self->{fh} or Carp::croak "mandatory argument fh is missing";	473	if ($self->{fh}) {
		474	$self->_start;
		475	return unless $self->{fh}; # could be gone by now
		476
		477	} elsif ($self->{connect}) {
		478	require AnyEvent::Socket;
		479
		480	$self->{peername} = $self->{connect}[0]
		481	unless exists $self->{peername};
		482
		483	$self->{_skip_drain_rbuf} = 1;
		484
		485	{
		486	Scalar::Util::weaken (my $self = $self);
		487
		488	$self->{_connect} =
		489	AnyEvent::Socket::tcp_connect (
		490	$self->{connect}[0],
		491	$self->{connect}[1],
		492	sub {
		493	my ($fh, $host, $port, $retry) = @_;
		494
		495	if ($fh) {
		496	$self->{fh} = $fh;
		497
		498	delete $self->{_skip_drain_rbuf};
		499	$self->_start;
		500
		501	$self->{on_connect}
		502	and $self->{on_connect}($self, $host, $port, sub {
		503	delete @$self{qw(fh _tw _rtw _wtw _ww _rw _eof _queue rbuf _wbuf tls _tls_rbuf _tls_wbuf)};
		504	$self->{_skip_drain_rbuf} = 1;
		505	&$retry;
		506	});
		507
		508	} else {
		509	if ($self->{on_connect_error}) {
		510	$self->{on_connect_error}($self, "$!");
		511	$self->destroy;
		512	} else {
		513	$self->_error ($!, 1);
		514	}
		515	}
		516	},
		517	sub {
		518	local $self->{fh} = $_[0];
		519
		520	$self->{on_prepare}
		521	? $self->{on_prepare}->($self)
		522	: ()
		523	}
		524	);
		525	}
		526
		527	} else {
		528	Carp::croak "AnyEvent::Handle: either an existing fh or the connect parameter must be specified";
		529	}
		530
		531	$self
		532	}
		533
		534	sub _start {
		535	my ($self) = @_;
310		536
311	AnyEvent::Util::fh_nonblocking $self->{fh}, 1;	537	AnyEvent::Util::fh_nonblocking $self->{fh}, 1;
312		538
		539	$self->{_activity} =
		540	$self->{_ractivity} =
313	$self->{_activity} = AnyEvent->now;	541	$self->{_wactivity} = AE::now;
314	$self->_timeout;
315		542
		543	$self->timeout (delete $self->{timeout} ) if $self->{timeout};
		544	$self->rtimeout (delete $self->{rtimeout} ) if $self->{rtimeout};
		545	$self->wtimeout (delete $self->{wtimeout} ) if $self->{wtimeout};
		546
316	$self->no_delay (delete $self->{no_delay}) if exists $self->{no_delay};	547	$self->no_delay (delete $self->{no_delay} ) if exists $self->{no_delay} && $self->{no_delay};
		548	$self->keepalive (delete $self->{keepalive}) if exists $self->{keepalive} && $self->{keepalive};
317		549
		550	$self->oobinline (exists $self->{oobinline} ? delete $self->{oobinline} : 1);
		551
318	$self->starttls (delete $self->{tls}, delete $self->{tls_ctx})	552	$self->starttls (delete $self->{tls}, delete $self->{tls_ctx})
319	if $self->{tls};	553	if $self->{tls};
320		554
321	$self->on_drain (delete $self->{on_drain}) if exists $self->{on_drain};	555	$self->on_drain (delete $self->{on_drain}) if $self->{on_drain};
322		556
323	$self->start_read	557	$self->start_read
324	if $self->{on_read};	558	if $self->{on_read} || @{ $self->{_queue} };
325		559
326	$self->{fh} && $self	560	$self->_drain_wbuf;
327	}
328
329	sub _shutdown {
330	my ($self) = @_;
331
332	delete @$self{qw(_tw _rw _ww fh rbuf wbuf on_read _queue)};
333	$self->{_eof} = 1; # tell starttls et. al to stop trying
334
335	&_freetls;
336	}	561	}
337		562
338	sub _error {	563	sub _error {
339	my ($self, $errno, $fatal) = @_;	564	my ($self, $errno, $fatal, $message) = @_;
340
341	$self->_shutdown
342	if $fatal;
343		565
344	$! = $errno;	566	$! = $errno;
		567	$message ||= "$!";
345		568
346	if ($self->{on_error}) {	569	if ($self->{on_error}) {
347	$self->{on_error}($self, $fatal);	570	$self->{on_error}($self, $fatal, $message);
348	} elsif ($self->{fh}) {	571	$self->destroy if $fatal;
		572	} elsif ($self->{fh} || $self->{connect}) {
		573	$self->destroy;
349	Carp::croak "AnyEvent::Handle uncaught error: $!";	574	Carp::croak "AnyEvent::Handle uncaught error: $message";
350	}	575	}
351	}	576	}
352		577
353	=item $fh = $handle->fh	578	=item $fh = $handle->fh
354		579
…		…
378	$_[0]{on_eof} = $_[1];	603	$_[0]{on_eof} = $_[1];
379	}	604	}
380		605
381	=item $handle->on_timeout ($cb)	606	=item $handle->on_timeout ($cb)
382		607
383	Replace the current C<on_timeout> callback, or disables the callback (but	608	=item $handle->on_rtimeout ($cb)
384	not the timeout) if C<$cb> = C<undef>. See the C<timeout> constructor
385	argument and method.
386		609
387	=cut	610	=item $handle->on_wtimeout ($cb)
388		611
389	sub on_timeout {	612	Replace the current C<on_timeout>, C<on_rtimeout> or C<on_wtimeout>
390	$_[0]{on_timeout} = $_[1];	613	callback, or disables the callback (but not the timeout) if C<$cb> =
391	}	614	C<undef>. See the C<timeout> constructor argument and method.
		615
		616	=cut
		617
		618	# see below
392		619
393	=item $handle->autocork ($boolean)	620	=item $handle->autocork ($boolean)
394		621
395	Enables or disables the current autocork behaviour (see C<autocork>	622	Enables or disables the current autocork behaviour (see C<autocork>
396	constructor argument). Changes will only take effect on the next write.	623	constructor argument). Changes will only take effect on the next write.
…		…
411	sub no_delay {	638	sub no_delay {
412	$_[0]{no_delay} = $_[1];	639	$_[0]{no_delay} = $_[1];
413		640
414	eval {	641	eval {
415	local $SIG{__DIE__};	642	local $SIG{__DIE__};
416	setsockopt $_[0]{fh}, &Socket::IPPROTO_TCP, &Socket::TCP_NODELAY, int $_[1];	643	setsockopt $_[0]{fh}, Socket::IPPROTO_TCP (), Socket::TCP_NODELAY (), int $_[1]
		644	if $_[0]{fh};
417	};	645	};
418	}	646	}
419		647
		648	=item $handle->keepalive ($boolean)
		649
		650	Enables or disables the C<keepalive> setting (see constructor argument of
		651	the same name for details).
		652
		653	=cut
		654
		655	sub keepalive {
		656	$_[0]{keepalive} = $_[1];
		657
		658	eval {
		659	local $SIG{__DIE__};
		660	setsockopt $_[0]{fh}, Socket::SOL_SOCKET (), Socket::SO_KEEPALIVE (), int $_[1]
		661	if $_[0]{fh};
		662	};
		663	}
		664
		665	=item $handle->oobinline ($boolean)
		666
		667	Enables or disables the C<oobinline> setting (see constructor argument of
		668	the same name for details).
		669
		670	=cut
		671
		672	sub oobinline {
		673	$_[0]{oobinline} = $_[1];
		674
		675	eval {
		676	local $SIG{__DIE__};
		677	setsockopt $_[0]{fh}, Socket::SOL_SOCKET (), Socket::SO_OOBINLINE (), int $_[1]
		678	if $_[0]{fh};
		679	};
		680	}
		681
		682	=item $handle->keepalive ($boolean)
		683
		684	Enables or disables the C<keepalive> setting (see constructor argument of
		685	the same name for details).
		686
		687	=cut
		688
		689	sub keepalive {
		690	$_[0]{keepalive} = $_[1];
		691
		692	eval {
		693	local $SIG{__DIE__};
		694	setsockopt $_[0]{fh}, Socket::SOL_SOCKET (), Socket::SO_KEEPALIVE (), int $_[1]
		695	if $_[0]{fh};
		696	};
		697	}
		698
		699	=item $handle->on_starttls ($cb)
		700
		701	Replace the current C<on_starttls> callback (see the C<on_starttls> constructor argument).
		702
		703	=cut
		704
		705	sub on_starttls {
		706	$_[0]{on_starttls} = $_[1];
		707	}
		708
		709	=item $handle->on_stoptls ($cb)
		710
		711	Replace the current C<on_stoptls> callback (see the C<on_stoptls> constructor argument).
		712
		713	=cut
		714
		715	sub on_stoptls {
		716	$_[0]{on_stoptls} = $_[1];
		717	}
		718
		719	=item $handle->rbuf_max ($max_octets)
		720
		721	Configures the C<rbuf_max> setting (C<undef> disables it).
		722
		723	=cut
		724
		725	sub rbuf_max {
		726	$_[0]{rbuf_max} = $_[1];
		727	}
		728
420	#############################################################################	729	#############################################################################
421		730
422	=item $handle->timeout ($seconds)	731	=item $handle->timeout ($seconds)
423		732
		733	=item $handle->rtimeout ($seconds)
		734
		735	=item $handle->wtimeout ($seconds)
		736
424	Configures (or disables) the inactivity timeout.	737	Configures (or disables) the inactivity timeout.
425		738
426	=cut	739	=item $handle->timeout_reset
427		740
428	sub timeout {	741	=item $handle->rtimeout_reset
		742
		743	=item $handle->wtimeout_reset
		744
		745	Reset the activity timeout, as if data was received or sent.
		746
		747	These methods are cheap to call.
		748
		749	=cut
		750
		751	for my $dir ("", "r", "w") {
		752	my $timeout = "${dir}timeout";
		753	my $tw = "_${dir}tw";
		754	my $on_timeout = "on_${dir}timeout";
		755	my $activity = "_${dir}activity";
		756	my $cb;
		757
		758	*$on_timeout = sub {
		759	$_[0]{$on_timeout} = $_[1];
		760	};
		761
		762	*$timeout = sub {
429	my ($self, $timeout) = @_;	763	my ($self, $new_value) = @_;
430		764
431	$self->{timeout} = $timeout;	765	$self->{$timeout} = $new_value;
432	$self->_timeout;	766	delete $self->{$tw}; &$cb;
433	}	767	};
434		768
		769	*{"${dir}timeout_reset"} = sub {
		770	$_[0]{$activity} = AE::now;
		771	};
		772
		773	# main workhorse:
435	# reset the timeout watcher, as neccessary	774	# reset the timeout watcher, as neccessary
436	# also check for time-outs	775	# also check for time-outs
437	sub _timeout {	776	$cb = sub {
438	my ($self) = @_;	777	my ($self) = @_;
439		778
440	if ($self->{timeout}) {	779	if ($self->{$timeout} && $self->{fh}) {
441	my $NOW = AnyEvent->now;	780	my $NOW = AE::now;
442		781
443	# when would the timeout trigger?	782	# when would the timeout trigger?
444	my $after = $self->{_activity} + $self->{timeout} - $NOW;	783	my $after = $self->{$activity} + $self->{$timeout} - $NOW;
445		784
446	# now or in the past already?	785	# now or in the past already?
447	if ($after <= 0) {	786	if ($after <= 0) {
448	$self->{_activity} = $NOW;	787	$self->{$activity} = $NOW;
449		788
450	if ($self->{on_timeout}) {	789	if ($self->{$on_timeout}) {
451	$self->{on_timeout}($self);	790	$self->{$on_timeout}($self);
452	} else {	791	} else {
453	$self->_error (&Errno::ETIMEDOUT);	792	$self->_error (Errno::ETIMEDOUT);
		793	}
		794
		795	# callback could have changed timeout value, optimise
		796	return unless $self->{$timeout};
		797
		798	# calculate new after
		799	$after = $self->{$timeout};
454	}	800	}
455		801
456	# callback could have changed timeout value, optimise	802	Scalar::Util::weaken $self;
457	return unless $self->{timeout};	803	return unless $self; # ->error could have destroyed $self
458		804
459	# calculate new after	805	$self->{$tw} ||= AE::timer $after, 0, sub {
460	$after = $self->{timeout};	806	delete $self->{$tw};
		807	$cb->($self);
		808	};
		809	} else {
		810	delete $self->{$tw};
461	}	811	}
462
463	Scalar::Util::weaken $self;
464	return unless $self; # ->error could have destroyed $self
465
466	$self->{_tw} ||= AnyEvent->timer (after => $after, cb => sub {
467	delete $self->{_tw};
468	$self->_timeout;
469	});
470	} else {
471	delete $self->{_tw};
472	}	812	}
473	}	813	}
474		814
475	#############################################################################	815	#############################################################################
476		816
…		…
521	Scalar::Util::weaken $self;	861	Scalar::Util::weaken $self;
522		862
523	my $cb = sub {	863	my $cb = sub {
524	my $len = syswrite $self->{fh}, $self->{wbuf};	864	my $len = syswrite $self->{fh}, $self->{wbuf};
525		865
526	if ($len >= 0) {	866	if (defined $len) {
527	substr $self->{wbuf}, 0, $len, "";	867	substr $self->{wbuf}, 0, $len, "";
528		868
529	$self->{_activity} = AnyEvent->now;	869	$self->{_activity} = $self->{_wactivity} = AE::now;
530		870
531	$self->{on_drain}($self)	871	$self->{on_drain}($self)
532	if $self->{low_water_mark} >= (length $self->{wbuf}) + (length $self->{_tls_wbuf})	872	if $self->{low_water_mark} >= (length $self->{wbuf}) + (length $self->{_tls_wbuf})
533	&& $self->{on_drain};	873	&& $self->{on_drain};
534		874
…		…
540		880
541	# try to write data immediately	881	# try to write data immediately
542	$cb->() unless $self->{autocork};	882	$cb->() unless $self->{autocork};
543		883
544	# if still data left in wbuf, we need to poll	884	# if still data left in wbuf, we need to poll
545	$self->{_ww} = AnyEvent->io (fh => $self->{fh}, poll => "w", cb => $cb)	885	$self->{_ww} = AE::io $self->{fh}, 1, $cb
546	if length $self->{wbuf};	886	if length $self->{wbuf};
547	};	887	};
548	}	888	}
549		889
550	our %WH;	890	our %WH;
551		891
		892	# deprecated
552	sub register_write_type($$) {	893	sub register_write_type($$) {
553	$WH{$_[0]} = $_[1];	894	$WH{$_[0]} = $_[1];
554	}	895	}
555		896
556	sub push_write {	897	sub push_write {
557	my $self = shift;	898	my $self = shift;
558		899
559	if (@_ > 1) {	900	if (@_ > 1) {
560	my $type = shift;	901	my $type = shift;
561		902
		903	@_ = ($WH{$type} ||= _load_func "$type\::anyevent_write_type"
562	@_ = ($WH{$type} or Carp::croak "unsupported type passed to AnyEvent::Handle::push_write")	904	or Carp::croak "unsupported/unloadable type '$type' passed to AnyEvent::Handle::push_write")
563	->($self, @_);	905	->($self, @_);
564	}	906	}
565		907
		908	# we downgrade here to avoid hard-to-track-down bugs,
		909	# and diagnose the problem earlier and better.
		910
566	if ($self->{tls}) {	911	if ($self->{tls}) {
567	$self->{_tls_wbuf} .= $_[0];	912	utf8::downgrade $self->{_tls_wbuf} .= $_[0];
568		913	&_dotls ($self) if $self->{fh};
569	&_dotls ($self);
570	} else {	914	} else {
571	$self->{wbuf} .= $_[0];	915	utf8::downgrade $self->{wbuf} .= $_[0];
572	$self->_drain_wbuf;	916	$self->_drain_wbuf if $self->{fh};
573	}	917	}
574	}	918	}
575		919
576	=item $handle->push_write (type => @args)	920	=item $handle->push_write (type => @args)
577		921
578	Instead of formatting your data yourself, you can also let this module do	922	Instead of formatting your data yourself, you can also let this module
579	the job by specifying a type and type-specific arguments.	923	do the job by specifying a type and type-specific arguments. You
		924	can also specify the (fully qualified) name of a package, in which
		925	case AnyEvent tries to load the package and then expects to find the
		926	C<anyevent_read_type> function inside (see "custom write types", below).
580		927
581	Predefined types are (if you have ideas for additional types, feel free to	928	Predefined types are (if you have ideas for additional types, feel free to
582	drop by and tell us):	929	drop by and tell us):
583		930
584	=over 4	931	=over 4
…		…
641	Other languages could read single lines terminated by a newline and pass	988	Other languages could read single lines terminated by a newline and pass
642	this line into their JSON decoder of choice.	989	this line into their JSON decoder of choice.
643		990
644	=cut	991	=cut
645		992
		993	sub json_coder() {
		994	eval { require JSON::XS; JSON::XS->new->utf8 }
		995	|| do { require JSON; JSON->new->utf8 }
		996	}
		997
646	register_write_type json => sub {	998	register_write_type json => sub {
647	my ($self, $ref) = @_;	999	my ($self, $ref) = @_;
648		1000
649	require JSON;	1001	my $json = $self->{json} ||= json_coder;
650		1002
651	$self->{json} ? $self->{json}->encode ($ref)	1003	$json->encode ($ref)
652	: JSON::encode_json ($ref)
653	};	1004	};
654		1005
655	=item storable => $reference	1006	=item storable => $reference
656		1007
657	Freezes the given reference using L<Storable> and writes it to the	1008	Freezes the given reference using L<Storable> and writes it to the
…		…
667	pack "w/a*", Storable::nfreeze ($ref)	1018	pack "w/a*", Storable::nfreeze ($ref)
668	};	1019	};
669		1020
670	=back	1021	=back
671		1022
672	=item AnyEvent::Handle::register_write_type type => $coderef->($handle, @args)	1023	=item $handle->push_shutdown
673		1024
674	This function (not method) lets you add your own types to C<push_write>.	1025	Sometimes you know you want to close the socket after writing your data
		1026	before it was actually written. One way to do that is to replace your
		1027	C<on_drain> handler by a callback that shuts down the socket (and set
		1028	C<low_water_mark> to C<0>). This method is a shorthand for just that, and
		1029	replaces the C<on_drain> callback with:
		1030
		1031	sub { shutdown $_[0]{fh}, 1 } # for push_shutdown
		1032
		1033	This simply shuts down the write side and signals an EOF condition to the
		1034	the peer.
		1035
		1036	You can rely on the normal read queue and C<on_eof> handling
		1037	afterwards. This is the cleanest way to close a connection.
		1038
		1039	=cut
		1040
		1041	sub push_shutdown {
		1042	my ($self) = @_;
		1043
		1044	delete $self->{low_water_mark};
		1045	$self->on_drain (sub { shutdown $_[0]{fh}, 1 });
		1046	}
		1047
		1048	=item custom write types - Package::anyevent_write_type $handle, @args
		1049
		1050	Instead of one of the predefined types, you can also specify the name of
		1051	a package. AnyEvent will try to load the package and then expects to find
		1052	a function named C<anyevent_write_type> inside. If it isn't found, it
		1053	progressively tries to load the parent package until it either finds the
		1054	function (good) or runs out of packages (bad).
		1055
675	Whenever the given C<type> is used, C<push_write> will invoke the code	1056	Whenever the given C<type> is used, C<push_write> will the function with
676	reference with the handle object and the remaining arguments.	1057	the handle object and the remaining arguments.
677		1058
678	The code reference is supposed to return a single octet string that will	1059	The function is supposed to return a single octet string that will be
679	be appended to the write buffer.	1060	appended to the write buffer, so you cna mentally treat this function as a
		1061	"arguments to on-the-wire-format" converter.
680		1062
681	Note that this is a function, and all types registered this way will be	1063	Example: implement a custom write type C<join> that joins the remaining
682	global, so try to use unique names.	1064	arguments using the first one.
		1065
		1066	$handle->push_write (My::Type => " ", 1,2,3);
		1067
		1068	# uses the following package, which can be defined in the "My::Type" or in
		1069	# the "My" modules to be auto-loaded, or just about anywhere when the
		1070	# My::Type::anyevent_write_type is defined before invoking it.
		1071
		1072	package My::Type;
		1073
		1074	sub anyevent_write_type {
		1075	my ($handle, $delim, @args) = @_;
		1076
		1077	join $delim, @args
		1078	}
683		1079
684	=cut	1080	=cut
685		1081
686	#############################################################################	1082	#############################################################################
687		1083
…		…
769	=cut	1165	=cut
770		1166
771	sub _drain_rbuf {	1167	sub _drain_rbuf {
772	my ($self) = @_;	1168	my ($self) = @_;
773		1169
		1170	# avoid recursion
		1171	return if $self->{_skip_drain_rbuf};
774	local $self->{_in_drain} = 1;	1172	local $self->{_skip_drain_rbuf} = 1;
775
776	if (
777	defined $self->{rbuf_max}
778	&& $self->{rbuf_max} < length $self->{rbuf}
779	) {
780	$self->_error (&Errno::ENOSPC, 1), return;
781	}
782		1173
783	while () {	1174	while () {
784	# we need to use a separate tls read buffer, as we must not receive data while	1175	# we need to use a separate tls read buffer, as we must not receive data while
785	# we are draining the buffer, and this can only happen with TLS.	1176	# we are draining the buffer, and this can only happen with TLS.
786	$self->{rbuf} .= delete $self->{_tls_rbuf} if exists $self->{_tls_rbuf};	1177	$self->{rbuf} .= delete $self->{_tls_rbuf}
		1178	if exists $self->{_tls_rbuf};
787		1179
788	my $len = length $self->{rbuf};	1180	my $len = length $self->{rbuf};
789		1181
790	if (my $cb = shift @{ $self->{_queue} }) {	1182	if (my $cb = shift @{ $self->{_queue} }) {
791	unless ($cb->($self)) {	1183	unless ($cb->($self)) {
792	if ($self->{_eof}) {	1184	# no progress can be made
793	# no progress can be made (not enough data and no data forthcoming)	1185	# (not enough data and no data forthcoming)
794	$self->_error (&Errno::EPIPE, 1), return;	1186	$self->_error (Errno::EPIPE, 1), return
795	}	1187	if $self->{_eof};
796		1188
797	unshift @{ $self->{_queue} }, $cb;	1189	unshift @{ $self->{_queue} }, $cb;
798	last;	1190	last;
799	}	1191	}
800	} elsif ($self->{on_read}) {	1192	} elsif ($self->{on_read}) {
…		…
807	&& !@{ $self->{_queue} } # and the queue is still empty	1199	&& !@{ $self->{_queue} } # and the queue is still empty
808	&& $self->{on_read} # but we still have on_read	1200	&& $self->{on_read} # but we still have on_read
809	) {	1201	) {
810	# no further data will arrive	1202	# no further data will arrive
811	# so no progress can be made	1203	# so no progress can be made
812	$self->_error (&Errno::EPIPE, 1), return	1204	$self->_error (Errno::EPIPE, 1), return
813	if $self->{_eof};	1205	if $self->{_eof};
814		1206
815	last; # more data might arrive	1207	last; # more data might arrive
816	}	1208	}
817	} else {	1209	} else {
…		…
820	last;	1212	last;
821	}	1213	}
822	}	1214	}
823		1215
824	if ($self->{_eof}) {	1216	if ($self->{_eof}) {
825	if ($self->{on_eof}) {	1217	$self->{on_eof}
826	$self->{on_eof}($self)	1218	? $self->{on_eof}($self)
827	} else {	1219	: $self->_error (0, 1, "Unexpected end-of-file");
828	$self->_error (0, 1);	1220
829	}	1221	return;
		1222	}
		1223
		1224	if (
		1225	defined $self->{rbuf_max}
		1226	&& $self->{rbuf_max} < length $self->{rbuf}
		1227	) {
		1228	$self->_error (Errno::ENOSPC, 1), return;
830	}	1229	}
831		1230
832	# may need to restart read watcher	1231	# may need to restart read watcher
833	unless ($self->{_rw}) {	1232	unless ($self->{_rw}) {
834	$self->start_read	1233	$self->start_read
…		…
846		1245
847	sub on_read {	1246	sub on_read {
848	my ($self, $cb) = @_;	1247	my ($self, $cb) = @_;
849		1248
850	$self->{on_read} = $cb;	1249	$self->{on_read} = $cb;
851	$self->_drain_rbuf if $cb && !$self->{_in_drain};	1250	$self->_drain_rbuf if $cb;
852	}	1251	}
853		1252
854	=item $handle->rbuf	1253	=item $handle->rbuf
855		1254
856	Returns the read buffer (as a modifiable lvalue).	1255	Returns the read buffer (as a modifiable lvalue).
…		…
903	my $cb = pop;	1302	my $cb = pop;
904		1303
905	if (@_) {	1304	if (@_) {
906	my $type = shift;	1305	my $type = shift;
907		1306
		1307	$cb = ($RH{$type} ||= _load_func "$type\::anyevent_read_type"
908	$cb = ($RH{$type} or Carp::croak "unsupported type passed to AnyEvent::Handle::push_read")	1308	or Carp::croak "unsupported/unloadable type '$type' passed to AnyEvent::Handle::push_read")
909	->($self, $cb, @_);	1309	->($self, $cb, @_);
910	}	1310	}
911		1311
912	push @{ $self->{_queue} }, $cb;	1312	push @{ $self->{_queue} }, $cb;
913	$self->_drain_rbuf unless $self->{_in_drain};	1313	$self->_drain_rbuf;
914	}	1314	}
915		1315
916	sub unshift_read {	1316	sub unshift_read {
917	my $self = shift;	1317	my $self = shift;
918	my $cb = pop;	1318	my $cb = pop;
…		…
922		1322
923	$cb = ($RH{$type} or Carp::croak "unsupported type passed to AnyEvent::Handle::unshift_read")	1323	$cb = ($RH{$type} or Carp::croak "unsupported type passed to AnyEvent::Handle::unshift_read")
924	->($self, $cb, @_);	1324	->($self, $cb, @_);
925	}	1325	}
926		1326
927
928	unshift @{ $self->{_queue} }, $cb;	1327	unshift @{ $self->{_queue} }, $cb;
929	$self->_drain_rbuf unless $self->{_in_drain};	1328	$self->_drain_rbuf;
930	}	1329	}
931		1330
932	=item $handle->push_read (type => @args, $cb)	1331	=item $handle->push_read (type => @args, $cb)
933		1332
934	=item $handle->unshift_read (type => @args, $cb)	1333	=item $handle->unshift_read (type => @args, $cb)
935		1334
936	Instead of providing a callback that parses the data itself you can chose	1335	Instead of providing a callback that parses the data itself you can chose
937	between a number of predefined parsing formats, for chunks of data, lines	1336	between a number of predefined parsing formats, for chunks of data, lines
938	etc.	1337	etc. You can also specify the (fully qualified) name of a package, in
		1338	which case AnyEvent tries to load the package and then expects to find the
		1339	C<anyevent_read_type> function inside (see "custom read types", below).
939		1340
940	Predefined types are (if you have ideas for additional types, feel free to	1341	Predefined types are (if you have ideas for additional types, feel free to
941	drop by and tell us):	1342	drop by and tell us):
942		1343
943	=over 4	1344	=over 4
…		…
1067	return 1;	1468	return 1;
1068	}	1469	}
1069		1470
1070	# reject	1471	# reject
1071	if ($reject && $$rbuf =~ $reject) {	1472	if ($reject && $$rbuf =~ $reject) {
1072	$self->_error (&Errno::EBADMSG);	1473	$self->_error (Errno::EBADMSG);
1073	}	1474	}
1074		1475
1075	# skip	1476	# skip
1076	if ($skip && $$rbuf =~ $skip) {	1477	if ($skip && $$rbuf =~ $skip) {
1077	$data .= substr $$rbuf, 0, $+[0], "";	1478	$data .= substr $$rbuf, 0, $+[0], "";
…		…
1093	my ($self, $cb) = @_;	1494	my ($self, $cb) = @_;
1094		1495
1095	sub {	1496	sub {
1096	unless ($_[0]{rbuf} =~ s/^(0|[1-9][0-9]*)://) {	1497	unless ($_[0]{rbuf} =~ s/^(0|[1-9][0-9]*)://) {
1097	if ($_[0]{rbuf} =~ /[^0-9]/) {	1498	if ($_[0]{rbuf} =~ /[^0-9]/) {
1098	$self->_error (&Errno::EBADMSG);	1499	$self->_error (Errno::EBADMSG);
1099	}	1500	}
1100	return;	1501	return;
1101	}	1502	}
1102		1503
1103	my $len = $1;	1504	my $len = $1;
…		…
1106	my $string = $_[1];	1507	my $string = $_[1];
1107	$_[0]->unshift_read (chunk => 1, sub {	1508	$_[0]->unshift_read (chunk => 1, sub {
1108	if ($_[1] eq ",") {	1509	if ($_[1] eq ",") {
1109	$cb->($_[0], $string);	1510	$cb->($_[0], $string);
1110	} else {	1511	} else {
1111	$self->_error (&Errno::EBADMSG);	1512	$self->_error (Errno::EBADMSG);
1112	}	1513	}
1113	});	1514	});
1114	});	1515	});
1115		1516
1116	1	1517	1
…		…
1183	=cut	1584	=cut
1184		1585
1185	register_read_type json => sub {	1586	register_read_type json => sub {
1186	my ($self, $cb) = @_;	1587	my ($self, $cb) = @_;
1187		1588
1188	require JSON;	1589	my $json = $self->{json} ||= json_coder;
1189		1590
1190	my $data;	1591	my $data;
1191	my $rbuf = \$self->{rbuf};	1592	my $rbuf = \$self->{rbuf};
1192
1193	my $json = $self->{json} ||= JSON->new->utf8;
1194		1593
1195	sub {	1594	sub {
1196	my $ref = eval { $json->incr_parse ($self->{rbuf}) };	1595	my $ref = eval { $json->incr_parse ($self->{rbuf}) };
1197		1596
1198	if ($ref) {	1597	if ($ref) {
…		…
1206	$json->incr_skip;	1605	$json->incr_skip;
1207		1606
1208	$self->{rbuf} = $json->incr_text;	1607	$self->{rbuf} = $json->incr_text;
1209	$json->incr_text = "";	1608	$json->incr_text = "";
1210		1609
1211	$self->_error (&Errno::EBADMSG);	1610	$self->_error (Errno::EBADMSG);
1212		1611
1213	()	1612	()
1214	} else {	1613	} else {
1215	$self->{rbuf} = "";	1614	$self->{rbuf} = "";
1216		1615
…		…
1253	# read remaining chunk	1652	# read remaining chunk
1254	$_[0]->unshift_read (chunk => $len, sub {	1653	$_[0]->unshift_read (chunk => $len, sub {
1255	if (my $ref = eval { Storable::thaw ($_[1]) }) {	1654	if (my $ref = eval { Storable::thaw ($_[1]) }) {
1256	$cb->($_[0], $ref);	1655	$cb->($_[0], $ref);
1257	} else {	1656	} else {
1258	$self->_error (&Errno::EBADMSG);	1657	$self->_error (Errno::EBADMSG);
1259	}	1658	}
1260	});	1659	});
1261	}	1660	}
1262		1661
1263	1	1662	1
1264	}	1663	}
1265	};	1664	};
1266		1665
1267	=back	1666	=back
1268		1667
1269	=item AnyEvent::Handle::register_read_type type => $coderef->($handle, $cb, @args)	1668	=item custom read types - Package::anyevent_read_type $handle, $cb, @args
1270		1669
1271	This function (not method) lets you add your own types to C<push_read>.	1670	Instead of one of the predefined types, you can also specify the name
		1671	of a package. AnyEvent will try to load the package and then expects to
		1672	find a function named C<anyevent_read_type> inside. If it isn't found, it
		1673	progressively tries to load the parent package until it either finds the
		1674	function (good) or runs out of packages (bad).
1272		1675
1273	Whenever the given C<type> is used, C<push_read> will invoke the code	1676	Whenever this type is used, C<push_read> will invoke the function with the
1274	reference with the handle object, the callback and the remaining	1677	handle object, the original callback and the remaining arguments.
1275	arguments.
1276		1678
1277	The code reference is supposed to return a callback (usually a closure)	1679	The function is supposed to return a callback (usually a closure) that
1278	that works as a plain read callback (see C<< ->push_read ($cb) >>).	1680	works as a plain read callback (see C<< ->push_read ($cb) >>), so you can
		1681	mentally treat the function as a "configurable read type to read callback"
		1682	converter.
1279		1683
1280	It should invoke the passed callback when it is done reading (remember to	1684	It should invoke the original callback when it is done reading (remember
1281	pass C<$handle> as first argument as all other callbacks do that).	1685	to pass C<$handle> as first argument as all other callbacks do that,
		1686	although there is no strict requirement on this).
1282		1687
1283	Note that this is a function, and all types registered this way will be
1284	global, so try to use unique names.
1285
1286	For examples, see the source of this module (F<perldoc -m AnyEvent::Handle>,	1688	For examples, see the source of this module (F<perldoc -m
1287	search for C<register_read_type>)).	1689	AnyEvent::Handle>, search for C<register_read_type>)).
1288		1690
1289	=item $handle->stop_read	1691	=item $handle->stop_read
1290		1692
1291	=item $handle->start_read	1693	=item $handle->start_read
1292		1694
…		…
1312	}	1714	}
1313		1715
1314	sub start_read {	1716	sub start_read {
1315	my ($self) = @_;	1717	my ($self) = @_;
1316		1718
1317	unless ($self->{_rw} || $self->{_eof}) {	1719	unless ($self->{_rw} || $self->{_eof} || !$self->{fh}) {
1318	Scalar::Util::weaken $self;	1720	Scalar::Util::weaken $self;
1319		1721
1320	$self->{_rw} = AnyEvent->io (fh => $self->{fh}, poll => "r", cb => sub {	1722	$self->{_rw} = AE::io $self->{fh}, 0, sub {
1321	my $rbuf = \($self->{tls} ? my $buf : $self->{rbuf});	1723	my $rbuf = \($self->{tls} ? my $buf : $self->{rbuf});
1322	my $len = sysread $self->{fh}, $$rbuf, $self->{read_size} || 8192, length $$rbuf;	1724	my $len = sysread $self->{fh}, $$rbuf, $self->{read_size} || 8192, length $$rbuf;
1323		1725
1324	if ($len > 0) {	1726	if ($len > 0) {
1325	$self->{_activity} = AnyEvent->now;	1727	$self->{_activity} = $self->{_ractivity} = AE::now;
1326		1728
1327	if ($self->{tls}) {	1729	if ($self->{tls}) {
1328	Net::SSLeay::BIO_write ($self->{_rbio}, $$rbuf);	1730	Net::SSLeay::BIO_write ($self->{_rbio}, $$rbuf);
1329		1731
1330	&_dotls ($self);	1732	&_dotls ($self);
1331	} else {	1733	} else {
1332	$self->_drain_rbuf unless $self->{_in_drain};	1734	$self->_drain_rbuf;
1333	}	1735	}
1334		1736
1335	} elsif (defined $len) {	1737	} elsif (defined $len) {
1336	delete $self->{_rw};	1738	delete $self->{_rw};
1337	$self->{_eof} = 1;	1739	$self->{_eof} = 1;
1338	$self->_drain_rbuf unless $self->{_in_drain};	1740	$self->_drain_rbuf;
1339		1741
1340	} elsif ($! != EAGAIN && $! != EINTR && $! != WSAEWOULDBLOCK) {	1742	} elsif ($! != EAGAIN && $! != EINTR && $! != WSAEWOULDBLOCK) {
1341	return $self->_error ($!, 1);	1743	return $self->_error ($!, 1);
1342	}	1744	}
1343	});	1745	};
		1746	}
		1747	}
		1748
		1749	our $ERROR_SYSCALL;
		1750	our $ERROR_WANT_READ;
		1751
		1752	sub _tls_error {
		1753	my ($self, $err) = @_;
		1754
		1755	return $self->_error ($!, 1)
		1756	if $err == Net::SSLeay::ERROR_SYSCALL ();
		1757
		1758	my $err =Net::SSLeay::ERR_error_string (Net::SSLeay::ERR_get_error ());
		1759
		1760	# reduce error string to look less scary
		1761	$err =~ s/^error:[0-9a-fA-F]{8}:[^:]+:([^:]+):/\L$1: /;
		1762
		1763	if ($self->{_on_starttls}) {
		1764	(delete $self->{_on_starttls})->($self, undef, $err);
		1765	&_freetls;
		1766	} else {
		1767	&_freetls;
		1768	$self->_error (Errno::EPROTO, 1, $err);
1344	}	1769	}
1345	}	1770	}
1346		1771
1347	# poll the write BIO and send the data if applicable	1772	# poll the write BIO and send the data if applicable
		1773	# also decode read data if possible
		1774	# this is basiclaly our TLS state machine
		1775	# more efficient implementations are possible with openssl,
		1776	# but not with the buggy and incomplete Net::SSLeay.
1348	sub _dotls {	1777	sub _dotls {
1349	my ($self) = @_;	1778	my ($self) = @_;
1350		1779
1351	my $tmp;	1780	my $tmp;
1352		1781
1353	if (length $self->{_tls_wbuf}) {	1782	if (length $self->{_tls_wbuf}) {
1354	while (($tmp = Net::SSLeay::write ($self->{tls}, $self->{_tls_wbuf})) > 0) {	1783	while (($tmp = Net::SSLeay::write ($self->{tls}, $self->{_tls_wbuf})) > 0) {
1355	substr $self->{_tls_wbuf}, 0, $tmp, "";	1784	substr $self->{_tls_wbuf}, 0, $tmp, "";
1356	}	1785	}
		1786
		1787	$tmp = Net::SSLeay::get_error ($self->{tls}, $tmp);
		1788	return $self->_tls_error ($tmp)
		1789	if $tmp != $ERROR_WANT_READ
		1790	&& ($tmp != $ERROR_SYSCALL || $!);
1357	}	1791	}
1358		1792
1359	while (defined ($tmp = Net::SSLeay::read ($self->{tls}))) {	1793	while (defined ($tmp = Net::SSLeay::read ($self->{tls}))) {
1360	unless (length $tmp) {	1794	unless (length $tmp) {
1361	# let's treat SSL-eof as we treat normal EOF	1795	$self->{_on_starttls}
1362	delete $self->{_rw};	1796	and (delete $self->{_on_starttls})->($self, undef, "EOF during handshake"); # ???
1363	$self->{_eof} = 1;
1364	&_freetls;	1797	&_freetls;
		1798
		1799	if ($self->{on_stoptls}) {
		1800	$self->{on_stoptls}($self);
		1801	return;
		1802	} else {
		1803	# let's treat SSL-eof as we treat normal EOF
		1804	delete $self->{_rw};
		1805	$self->{_eof} = 1;
		1806	}
1365	}	1807	}
1366		1808
1367	$self->{_tls_rbuf} .= $tmp;	1809	$self->{_tls_rbuf} .= $tmp;
1368	$self->_drain_rbuf unless $self->{_in_drain};	1810	$self->_drain_rbuf;
1369	$self->{tls} or return; # tls session might have gone away in callback	1811	$self->{tls} or return; # tls session might have gone away in callback
1370	}	1812	}
1371		1813
1372	$tmp = Net::SSLeay::get_error ($self->{tls}, -1);	1814	$tmp = Net::SSLeay::get_error ($self->{tls}, -1);
1373
1374	if ($tmp != Net::SSLeay::ERROR_WANT_READ ()) {
1375	if ($tmp == Net::SSLeay::ERROR_SYSCALL ()) {
1376	return $self->_error ($!, 1);	1815	return $self->_tls_error ($tmp)
1377	} elsif ($tmp == Net::SSLeay::ERROR_SSL ()) {	1816	if $tmp != $ERROR_WANT_READ
1378	return $self->_error (&Errno::EIO, 1);	1817	&& ($tmp != $ERROR_SYSCALL || $!);
1379	}
1380
1381	# all other errors are fine for our purposes
1382	}
1383		1818
1384	while (length ($tmp = Net::SSLeay::BIO_read ($self->{_wbio}))) {	1819	while (length ($tmp = Net::SSLeay::BIO_read ($self->{_wbio}))) {
1385	$self->{wbuf} .= $tmp;	1820	$self->{wbuf} .= $tmp;
1386	$self->_drain_wbuf;	1821	$self->_drain_wbuf;
		1822	$self->{tls} or return; # tls session might have gone away in callback
1387	}	1823	}
		1824
		1825	$self->{_on_starttls}
		1826	and Net::SSLeay::state ($self->{tls}) == Net::SSLeay::ST_OK ()
		1827	and (delete $self->{_on_starttls})->($self, 1, "TLS/SSL connection established");
1388	}	1828	}
1389		1829
1390	=item $handle->starttls ($tls[, $tls_ctx])	1830	=item $handle->starttls ($tls[, $tls_ctx])
1391		1831
1392	Instead of starting TLS negotiation immediately when the AnyEvent::Handle	1832	Instead of starting TLS negotiation immediately when the AnyEvent::Handle
1393	object is created, you can also do that at a later time by calling	1833	object is created, you can also do that at a later time by calling
1394	C<starttls>.	1834	C<starttls>.
		1835
		1836	Starting TLS is currently an asynchronous operation - when you push some
		1837	write data and then call C<< ->starttls >> then TLS negotiation will start
		1838	immediately, after which the queued write data is then sent.
1395		1839
1396	The first argument is the same as the C<tls> constructor argument (either	1840	The first argument is the same as the C<tls> constructor argument (either
1397	C<"connect">, C<"accept"> or an existing Net::SSLeay object).	1841	C<"connect">, C<"accept"> or an existing Net::SSLeay object).
1398		1842
1399	The second argument is the optional C<AnyEvent::TLS> object that is used	1843	The second argument is the optional C<AnyEvent::TLS> object that is used
…		…
1404	The TLS connection object will end up in C<< $handle->{tls} >>, the TLS	1848	The TLS connection object will end up in C<< $handle->{tls} >>, the TLS
1405	context in C<< $handle->{tls_ctx} >> after this call and can be used or	1849	context in C<< $handle->{tls_ctx} >> after this call and can be used or
1406	changed to your liking. Note that the handshake might have already started	1850	changed to your liking. Note that the handshake might have already started
1407	when this function returns.	1851	when this function returns.
1408		1852
1409	If it an error to start a TLS handshake more than once per	1853	Due to bugs in OpenSSL, it might or might not be possible to do multiple
1410	AnyEvent::Handle object (this is due to bugs in OpenSSL).	1854	handshakes on the same stream. Best do not attempt to use the stream after
		1855	stopping TLS.
1411		1856
1412	=cut	1857	=cut
		1858
		1859	our %TLS_CACHE; #TODO not yet documented, should we?
1413		1860
1414	sub starttls {	1861	sub starttls {
1415	my ($self, $ssl, $ctx) = @_;	1862	my ($self, $tls, $ctx) = @_;
		1863
		1864	Carp::croak "It is an error to call starttls on an AnyEvent::Handle object while TLS is already active, caught"
		1865	if $self->{tls};
		1866
		1867	$self->{tls} = $tls;
		1868	$self->{tls_ctx} = $ctx if @_ > 2;
		1869
		1870	return unless $self->{fh};
1416		1871
1417	require Net::SSLeay;	1872	require Net::SSLeay;
1418		1873
1419	Carp::croak "it is an error to call starttls more than once on an AnyEvent::Handle object"	1874	$ERROR_SYSCALL = Net::SSLeay::ERROR_SYSCALL ();
1420	if $self->{tls};	1875	$ERROR_WANT_READ = Net::SSLeay::ERROR_WANT_READ ();
1421		1876
		1877	$tls = delete $self->{tls};
1422	$ctx ||= $self->{tls_ctx};	1878	$ctx = $self->{tls_ctx};
		1879
		1880	local $Carp::CarpLevel = 1; # skip ourselves when creating a new context or session
1423		1881
1424	if ("HASH" eq ref $ctx) {	1882	if ("HASH" eq ref $ctx) {
1425	require AnyEvent::TLS;	1883	require AnyEvent::TLS;
1426		1884
1427	local $Carp::CarpLevel = 1; # skip ourselves when creating a new context	1885	if ($ctx->{cache}) {
		1886	my $key = $ctx+0;
		1887	$ctx = $TLS_CACHE{$key} ||= new AnyEvent::TLS %$ctx;
		1888	} else {
1428	$ctx = new AnyEvent::TLS %$ctx;	1889	$ctx = new AnyEvent::TLS %$ctx;
		1890	}
1429	}	1891	}
1430		1892
1431	$self->{tls_ctx} = $ctx || TLS_CTX ();	1893	$self->{tls_ctx} = $ctx || TLS_CTX ();
1432	$self->{tls} = $ssl = $self->{tls_ctx}->_get_session ($ssl, $self);	1894	$self->{tls} = $tls = $self->{tls_ctx}->_get_session ($tls, $self, $self->{peername});
1433		1895
1434	# basically, this is deep magic (because SSL_read should have the same issues)	1896	# basically, this is deep magic (because SSL_read should have the same issues)
1435	# but the openssl maintainers basically said: "trust us, it just works".	1897	# but the openssl maintainers basically said: "trust us, it just works".
1436	# (unfortunately, we have to hardcode constants because the abysmally misdesigned	1898	# (unfortunately, we have to hardcode constants because the abysmally misdesigned
1437	# and mismaintained ssleay-module doesn't even offer them).	1899	# and mismaintained ssleay-module doesn't even offer them).
…		…
1444	# and we drive openssl fully in blocking mode here. Or maybe we don't - openssl seems to	1906	# and we drive openssl fully in blocking mode here. Or maybe we don't - openssl seems to
1445	# have identity issues in that area.	1907	# have identity issues in that area.
1446	# Net::SSLeay::CTX_set_mode ($ssl,	1908	# Net::SSLeay::CTX_set_mode ($ssl,
1447	# (eval { local $SIG{__DIE__}; Net::SSLeay::MODE_ENABLE_PARTIAL_WRITE () } || 1)	1909	# (eval { local $SIG{__DIE__}; Net::SSLeay::MODE_ENABLE_PARTIAL_WRITE () } || 1)
1448	# | (eval { local $SIG{__DIE__}; Net::SSLeay::MODE_ACCEPT_MOVING_WRITE_BUFFER () } || 2));	1910	# | (eval { local $SIG{__DIE__}; Net::SSLeay::MODE_ACCEPT_MOVING_WRITE_BUFFER () } || 2));
1449	Net::SSLeay::CTX_set_mode ($ssl, 1|2);	1911	Net::SSLeay::CTX_set_mode ($tls, 1|2);
1450		1912
1451	$self->{_rbio} = Net::SSLeay::BIO_new (Net::SSLeay::BIO_s_mem ());	1913	$self->{_rbio} = Net::SSLeay::BIO_new (Net::SSLeay::BIO_s_mem ());
1452	$self->{_wbio} = Net::SSLeay::BIO_new (Net::SSLeay::BIO_s_mem ());	1914	$self->{_wbio} = Net::SSLeay::BIO_new (Net::SSLeay::BIO_s_mem ());
1453		1915
		1916	Net::SSLeay::BIO_write ($self->{_rbio}, delete $self->{rbuf});
		1917
1454	Net::SSLeay::set_bio ($ssl, $self->{_rbio}, $self->{_wbio});	1918	Net::SSLeay::set_bio ($tls, $self->{_rbio}, $self->{_wbio});
		1919
		1920	$self->{_on_starttls} = sub { $_[0]{on_starttls}(@_) }
		1921	if $self->{on_starttls};
1455		1922
1456	&_dotls; # need to trigger the initial handshake	1923	&_dotls; # need to trigger the initial handshake
1457	$self->start_read; # make sure we actually do read	1924	$self->start_read; # make sure we actually do read
1458	}	1925	}
1459		1926
1460	=item $handle->stoptls	1927	=item $handle->stoptls
1461		1928
1462	Shuts down the SSL connection - this makes a proper EOF handshake by	1929	Shuts down the SSL connection - this makes a proper EOF handshake by
1463	sending a close notify to the other side, but since OpenSSL doesn't	1930	sending a close notify to the other side, but since OpenSSL doesn't
1464	support non-blocking shut downs, it is not possible to re-use the stream	1931	support non-blocking shut downs, it is not guaranteed that you can re-use
1465	afterwards.	1932	the stream afterwards.
1466		1933
1467	=cut	1934	=cut
1468		1935
1469	sub stoptls {	1936	sub stoptls {
1470	my ($self) = @_;	1937	my ($self) = @_;
1471		1938
1472	if ($self->{tls}) {	1939	if ($self->{tls} && $self->{fh}) {
1473	Net::SSLeay::shutdown ($self->{tls});	1940	Net::SSLeay::shutdown ($self->{tls});
1474		1941
1475	&_dotls;	1942	&_dotls;
1476		1943
1477	# we don't give a shit. no, we do, but we can't. no...	1944	# # we don't give a shit. no, we do, but we can't. no...#d#
1478	# we, we... have to use openssl :/	1945	# # we, we... have to use openssl :/#d#
1479	&_freetls;	1946	# &_freetls;#d#
1480	}	1947	}
1481	}	1948	}
1482		1949
1483	sub _freetls {	1950	sub _freetls {
1484	my ($self) = @_;	1951	my ($self) = @_;
1485		1952
1486	return unless $self->{tls};	1953	return unless $self->{tls};
1487		1954
1488	$self->{tls_ctx}->_put_session (delete $self->{tls});	1955	$self->{tls_ctx}->_put_session (delete $self->{tls})
		1956	if $self->{tls} > 0;
1489		1957
1490	delete @$self{qw(_rbio _wbio _tls_wbuf)};	1958	delete @$self{qw(_rbio _wbio _tls_wbuf _on_starttls)};
1491	}	1959	}
1492		1960
1493	sub DESTROY {	1961	sub DESTROY {
1494	my ($self) = @_;	1962	my ($self) = @_;
1495		1963
1496	&_freetls;	1964	&_freetls;
1497		1965
1498	my $linger = exists $self->{linger} ? $self->{linger} : 3600;	1966	my $linger = exists $self->{linger} ? $self->{linger} : 3600;
1499		1967
1500	if ($linger && length $self->{wbuf}) {	1968	if ($linger && length $self->{wbuf} && $self->{fh}) {
1501	my $fh = delete $self->{fh};	1969	my $fh = delete $self->{fh};
1502	my $wbuf = delete $self->{wbuf};	1970	my $wbuf = delete $self->{wbuf};
1503		1971
1504	my @linger;	1972	my @linger;
1505		1973
1506	push @linger, AnyEvent->io (fh => $fh, poll => "w", cb => sub {	1974	push @linger, AE::io $fh, 1, sub {
1507	my $len = syswrite $fh, $wbuf, length $wbuf;	1975	my $len = syswrite $fh, $wbuf, length $wbuf;
1508		1976
1509	if ($len > 0) {	1977	if ($len > 0) {
1510	substr $wbuf, 0, $len, "";	1978	substr $wbuf, 0, $len, "";
1511	} else {	1979	} else {
1512	@linger = (); # end	1980	@linger = (); # end
1513	}	1981	}
1514	});	1982	};
1515	push @linger, AnyEvent->timer (after => $linger, cb => sub {	1983	push @linger, AE::timer $linger, 0, sub {
1516	@linger = ();	1984	@linger = ();
1517	});	1985	};
1518	}	1986	}
1519	}	1987	}
1520		1988
1521	=item $handle->destroy	1989	=item $handle->destroy
1522		1990
1523	Shuts down the handle object as much as possible - this call ensures that	1991	Shuts down the handle object as much as possible - this call ensures that
1524	no further callbacks will be invoked and resources will be freed as much	1992	no further callbacks will be invoked and as many resources as possible
1525	as possible. You must not call any methods on the object afterwards.	1993	will be freed. Any method you will call on the handle object after
		1994	destroying it in this way will be silently ignored (and it will return the
		1995	empty list).
1526		1996
1527	Normally, you can just "forget" any references to an AnyEvent::Handle	1997	Normally, you can just "forget" any references to an AnyEvent::Handle
1528	object and it will simply shut down. This works in fatal error and EOF	1998	object and it will simply shut down. This works in fatal error and EOF
1529	callbacks, as well as code outside. It does I<NOT> work in a read or write	1999	callbacks, as well as code outside. It does I<NOT> work in a read or write
1530	callback, so when you want to destroy the AnyEvent::Handle object from	2000	callback, so when you want to destroy the AnyEvent::Handle object from
1531	within such an callback. You I<MUST> call C<< ->destroy >> explicitly in	2001	within such an callback. You I<MUST> call C<< ->destroy >> explicitly in
1532	that case.	2002	that case.
1533		2003
		2004	Destroying the handle object in this way has the advantage that callbacks
		2005	will be removed as well, so if those are the only reference holders (as
		2006	is common), then one doesn't need to do anything special to break any
		2007	reference cycles.
		2008
1534	The handle might still linger in the background and write out remaining	2009	The handle might still linger in the background and write out remaining
1535	data, as specified by the C<linger> option, however.	2010	data, as specified by the C<linger> option, however.
1536		2011
1537	=cut	2012	=cut
1538		2013
1539	sub destroy {	2014	sub destroy {
1540	my ($self) = @_;	2015	my ($self) = @_;
1541		2016
1542	$self->DESTROY;	2017	$self->DESTROY;
1543	%$self = ();	2018	%$self = ();
		2019	bless $self, "AnyEvent::Handle::destroyed";
1544	}	2020	}
		2021
		2022	sub AnyEvent::Handle::destroyed::AUTOLOAD {
		2023	#nop
		2024	}
		2025
		2026	=item $handle->destroyed
		2027
		2028	Returns false as long as the handle hasn't been destroyed by a call to C<<
		2029	->destroy >>, true otherwise.
		2030
		2031	Can be useful to decide whether the handle is still valid after some
		2032	callback possibly destroyed the handle. For example, C<< ->push_write >>,
		2033	C<< ->starttls >> and other methods can call user callbacks, which in turn
		2034	can destroy the handle, so work can be avoided by checking sometimes:
		2035
		2036	$hdl->starttls ("accept");
		2037	return if $hdl->destroyed;
		2038	$hdl->push_write (...
		2039
		2040	Note that the call to C<push_write> will silently be ignored if the handle
		2041	has been destroyed, so often you can just ignore the possibility of the
		2042	handle being destroyed.
		2043
		2044	=cut
		2045
		2046	sub destroyed { 0 }
		2047	sub AnyEvent::Handle::destroyed::destroyed { 1 }
1545		2048
1546	=item AnyEvent::Handle::TLS_CTX	2049	=item AnyEvent::Handle::TLS_CTX
1547		2050
1548	This function creates and returns the AnyEvent::TLS object used by default	2051	This function creates and returns the AnyEvent::TLS object used by default
1549	for TLS mode.	2052	for TLS mode.
…		…
1605		2108
1606	$handle->on_read (sub { });	2109	$handle->on_read (sub { });
1607	$handle->on_eof (undef);	2110	$handle->on_eof (undef);
1608	$handle->on_error (sub {	2111	$handle->on_error (sub {
1609	my $data = delete $_[0]{rbuf};	2112	my $data = delete $_[0]{rbuf};
1610	undef $handle;
1611	});	2113	});
1612		2114
1613	The reason to use C<on_error> is that TCP connections, due to latencies	2115	The reason to use C<on_error> is that TCP connections, due to latencies
1614	and packets loss, might get closed quite violently with an error, when in	2116	and packets loss, might get closed quite violently with an error, when in
1615	fact, all data has been received.	2117	fact, all data has been received.
…		…
1631	$handle->on_drain (sub {	2133	$handle->on_drain (sub {
1632	warn "all data submitted to the kernel\n";	2134	warn "all data submitted to the kernel\n";
1633	undef $handle;	2135	undef $handle;
1634	});	2136	});
1635		2137
		2138	If you just want to queue some data and then signal EOF to the other side,
		2139	consider using C<< ->push_shutdown >> instead.
		2140
		2141	=item I want to contact a TLS/SSL server, I don't care about security.
		2142
		2143	If your TLS server is a pure TLS server (e.g. HTTPS) that only speaks TLS,
		2144	simply connect to it and then create the AnyEvent::Handle with the C<tls>
		2145	parameter:
		2146
		2147	tcp_connect $host, $port, sub {
		2148	my ($fh) = @_;
		2149
		2150	my $handle = new AnyEvent::Handle
		2151	fh => $fh,
		2152	tls => "connect",
		2153	on_error => sub { ... };
		2154
		2155	$handle->push_write (...);
		2156	};
		2157
		2158	=item I want to contact a TLS/SSL server, I do care about security.
		2159
		2160	Then you should additionally enable certificate verification, including
		2161	peername verification, if the protocol you use supports it (see
		2162	L<AnyEvent::TLS>, C<verify_peername>).
		2163
		2164	E.g. for HTTPS:
		2165
		2166	tcp_connect $host, $port, sub {
		2167	my ($fh) = @_;
		2168
		2169	my $handle = new AnyEvent::Handle
		2170	fh => $fh,
		2171	peername => $host,
		2172	tls => "connect",
		2173	tls_ctx => { verify => 1, verify_peername => "https" },
		2174	...
		2175
		2176	Note that you must specify the hostname you connected to (or whatever
		2177	"peername" the protocol needs) as the C<peername> argument, otherwise no
		2178	peername verification will be done.
		2179
		2180	The above will use the system-dependent default set of trusted CA
		2181	certificates. If you want to check against a specific CA, add the
		2182	C<ca_file> (or C<ca_cert>) arguments to C<tls_ctx>:
		2183
		2184	tls_ctx => {
		2185	verify => 1,
		2186	verify_peername => "https",
		2187	ca_file => "my-ca-cert.pem",
		2188	},
		2189
		2190	=item I want to create a TLS/SSL server, how do I do that?
		2191
		2192	Well, you first need to get a server certificate and key. You have
		2193	three options: a) ask a CA (buy one, use cacert.org etc.) b) create a
		2194	self-signed certificate (cheap. check the search engine of your choice,
		2195	there are many tutorials on the net) or c) make your own CA (tinyca2 is a
		2196	nice program for that purpose).
		2197
		2198	Then create a file with your private key (in PEM format, see
		2199	L<AnyEvent::TLS>), followed by the certificate (also in PEM format). The
		2200	file should then look like this:
		2201
		2202	-----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----
		2203	...header data
		2204	... lots of base64'y-stuff
		2205	-----END RSA PRIVATE KEY-----
		2206
		2207	-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
		2208	... lots of base64'y-stuff
		2209	-----END CERTIFICATE-----
		2210
		2211	The important bits are the "PRIVATE KEY" and "CERTIFICATE" parts. Then
		2212	specify this file as C<cert_file>:
		2213
		2214	tcp_server undef, $port, sub {
		2215	my ($fh) = @_;
		2216
		2217	my $handle = new AnyEvent::Handle
		2218	fh => $fh,
		2219	tls => "accept",
		2220	tls_ctx => { cert_file => "my-server-keycert.pem" },
		2221	...
		2222
		2223	When you have intermediate CA certificates that your clients might not
		2224	know about, just append them to the C<cert_file>.
		2225
1636	=back	2226	=back
1637		2227
1638		2228
1639	=head1 SUBCLASSING AnyEvent::Handle	2229	=head1 SUBCLASSING AnyEvent::Handle
1640		2230

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