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Revision 1.182 by root, Thu Sep 3 12:35:01 2009 UTC

1	package AnyEvent::Handle;
2
3	no warnings;
4	use strict;
5
6	use AnyEvent ();
7	use AnyEvent::Util qw(WSAWOULDBLOCK);
8	use Scalar::Util ();
9	use Carp ();
10	use Fcntl ();
11	use Errno qw/EAGAIN EINTR/;
12
13	=head1 NAME	1	=head1 NAME
14		2
15	AnyEvent::Handle - non-blocking I/O on file handles via AnyEvent	3	AnyEvent::Handle - non-blocking I/O on file handles via AnyEvent
16
17	=cut
18
19	our $VERSION = '0.04';
20		4
21	=head1 SYNOPSIS	5	=head1 SYNOPSIS
22		6
23	use AnyEvent;	7	use AnyEvent;
24	use AnyEvent::Handle;	8	use AnyEvent::Handle;
25		9
26	my $cv = AnyEvent->condvar;	10	my $cv = AnyEvent->condvar;
27		11
28	my $handle =	12	my $hdl; $hdl = new AnyEvent::Handle
29	AnyEvent::Handle->new (
30	fh => \*STDIN,	13	fh => \*STDIN,
31	on_eof => sub {	14	on_error => sub {
32	$cv->broadcast;	15	my ($hdl, $fatal, $msg) = @_;
33	},	16	warn "got error $msg\n";
		17	$hdl->destroy;
		18	$cv->send;
34	);	19	);
35		20
36	# send some request line	21	# send some request line
37	$handle->push_write ("getinfo\015\012");	22	$hdl->push_write ("getinfo\015\012");
38		23
39	# read the response line	24	# read the response line
40	$handle->push_read (line => sub {	25	$hdl->push_read (line => sub {
41	my ($handle, $line) = @_;	26	my ($hdl, $line) = @_;
42	warn "read line <$line>\n";	27	warn "got line <$line>\n";
43	$cv->send;	28	$cv->send;
44	});	29	});
45		30
46	$cv->recv;	31	$cv->recv;
47		32
48	=head1 DESCRIPTION	33	=head1 DESCRIPTION
49		34
50	This module is a helper module to make it easier to do event-based I/O on	35	This module is a helper module to make it easier to do event-based I/O on
51	filehandles. For utility functions for doing non-blocking connects and accepts	36	filehandles.
52	on sockets see L<AnyEvent::Util>.	37
		38	The L<AnyEvent::Intro> tutorial contains some well-documented
		39	AnyEvent::Handle examples.
53		40
54	In the following, when the documentation refers to of "bytes" then this	41	In the following, when the documentation refers to of "bytes" then this
55	means characters. As sysread and syswrite are used for all I/O, their	42	means characters. As sysread and syswrite are used for all I/O, their
56	treatment of characters applies to this module as well.	43	treatment of characters applies to this module as well.
57		44
		45	At the very minimum, you should specify C<fh> or C<connect>, and the
		46	C<on_error> callback.
		47
58	All callbacks will be invoked with the handle object as their first	48	All callbacks will be invoked with the handle object as their first
59	argument.	49	argument.
60		50
		51	=cut
		52
		53	package AnyEvent::Handle;
		54
		55	use Scalar::Util ();
		56	use List::Util ();
		57	use Carp ();
		58	use Errno qw(EAGAIN EINTR);
		59
		60	use AnyEvent (); BEGIN { AnyEvent::common_sense }
		61	use AnyEvent::Util qw(WSAEWOULDBLOCK);
		62
		63	our $VERSION = $AnyEvent::VERSION;
		64
61	=head1 METHODS	65	=head1 METHODS
62		66
63	=over 4	67	=over 4
64		68
65	=item B<new (%args)>	69	=item $handle = B<new> AnyEvent::TLS fh => $filehandle, key => value...
66		70
67	The constructor supports these arguments (all as key => value pairs).	71	The constructor supports these arguments (all as C<< key => value >> pairs).
68		72
69	=over 4	73	=over 4
70		74
71	=item fh => $filehandle [MANDATORY]	75	=item fh => $filehandle [C<fh> or C<connect> MANDATORY]
72		76
73	The filehandle this L<AnyEvent::Handle> object will operate on.	77	The filehandle this L<AnyEvent::Handle> object will operate on.
74
75	NOTE: The filehandle will be set to non-blocking (using	78	NOTE: The filehandle will be set to non-blocking mode (using
76	AnyEvent::Util::fh_nonblocking).	79	C<AnyEvent::Util::fh_nonblocking>) by the constructor and needs to stay in
		80	that mode.
77		81
78	=item on_eof => $cb->($self)	82	=item connect => [$host, $service] [C<fh> or C<connect> MANDATORY]
79		83
80	Set the callback to be called on EOF.	84	Try to connect to the specified host and service (port), using
		85	C<AnyEvent::Socket::tcp_connect>. The C<$host> additionally becomes the
		86	default C<peername>.
81		87
82	While not mandatory, it is highly recommended to set an eof callback,	88	You have to specify either this parameter, or C<fh>, above.
83	otherwise you might end up with a closed socket while you are still
84	waiting for data.
85		89
		90	It is possible to push requests on the read and write queues, and modify
		91	properties of the stream, even while AnyEvent::Handle is connecting.
		92
		93	When this parameter is specified, then the C<on_prepare>,
		94	C<on_connect_error> and C<on_connect> callbacks will be called under the
		95	appropriate circumstances:
		96
		97	=over 4
		98
86	=item on_error => $cb->($self)	99	=item on_prepare => $cb->($handle)
87		100
		101	This (rarely used) callback is called before a new connection is
		102	attempted, but after the file handle has been created. It could be used to
		103	prepare the file handle with parameters required for the actual connect
		104	(as opposed to settings that can be changed when the connection is already
		105	established).
		106
		107	The return value of this callback should be the connect timeout value in
		108	seconds (or C<0>, or C<undef>, or the empty list, to indicate the default
		109	timeout is to be used).
		110
		111	=item on_connect => $cb->($handle, $host, $port, $retry->())
		112
		113	This callback is called when a connection has been successfully established.
		114
		115	The actual numeric host and port (the socket peername) are passed as
		116	parameters, together with a retry callback.
		117
		118	When, for some reason, the handle is not acceptable, then calling
		119	C<$retry> will continue with the next conenction target (in case of
		120	multi-homed hosts or SRV records there can be multiple connection
		121	endpoints). When it is called then the read and write queues, eof status,
		122	tls status and similar properties of the handle are being reset.
		123
		124	In most cases, ignoring the C<$retry> parameter is the way to go.
		125
		126	=item on_connect_error => $cb->($handle, $message)
		127
		128	This callback is called when the conenction could not be
		129	established. C<$!> will contain the relevant error code, and C<$message> a
		130	message describing it (usually the same as C<"$!">).
		131
		132	If this callback isn't specified, then C<on_error> will be called with a
		133	fatal error instead.
		134
		135	=back
		136
		137	=item on_error => $cb->($handle, $fatal, $message)
		138
88	This is the fatal error callback, that is called when, well, a fatal error	139	This is the error callback, which is called when, well, some error
89	occurs, such as not being able to resolve the hostname, failure to connect	140	occured, such as not being able to resolve the hostname, failure to
90	or a read error.	141	connect or a read error.
91		142
92	The object will not be in a usable state when this callback has been	143	Some errors are fatal (which is indicated by C<$fatal> being true). On
93	called.	144	fatal errors the handle object will be destroyed (by a call to C<< ->
		145	destroy >>) after invoking the error callback (which means you are free to
		146	examine the handle object). Examples of fatal errors are an EOF condition
		147	with active (but unsatisifable) read watchers (C<EPIPE>) or I/O errors. In
		148	cases where the other side can close the connection at their will it is
		149	often easiest to not report C<EPIPE> errors in this callback.
		150
		151	AnyEvent::Handle tries to find an appropriate error code for you to check
		152	against, but in some cases (TLS errors), this does not work well. It is
		153	recommended to always output the C<$message> argument in human-readable
		154	error messages (it's usually the same as C<"$!">).
		155
		156	Non-fatal errors can be retried by simply returning, but it is recommended
		157	to simply ignore this parameter and instead abondon the handle object
		158	when this callback is invoked. Examples of non-fatal errors are timeouts
		159	C<ETIMEDOUT>) or badly-formatted data (C<EBADMSG>).
94		160
95	On callback entrance, the value of C<$!> contains the operating system	161	On callback entrance, the value of C<$!> contains the operating system
96	error (or C<ENOSPC>, C<EPIPE> or C<EBADMSG>).	162	error code (or C<ENOSPC>, C<EPIPE>, C<ETIMEDOUT>, C<EBADMSG> or
97		163	C<EPROTO>).
98	The callback should throw an exception. If it returns, then
99	AnyEvent::Handle will C<croak> for you.
100		164
101	While not mandatory, it is I<highly> recommended to set this callback, as	165	While not mandatory, it is I<highly> recommended to set this callback, as
102	you will not be notified of errors otherwise. The default simply calls	166	you will not be notified of errors otherwise. The default simply calls
103	die.	167	C<croak>.
104		168
105	=item on_read => $cb->($self)	169	=item on_read => $cb->($handle)
106		170
107	This sets the default read callback, which is called when data arrives	171	This sets the default read callback, which is called when data arrives
108	and no read request is in the queue.	172	and no read request is in the queue (unlike read queue callbacks, this
		173	callback will only be called when at least one octet of data is in the
		174	read buffer).
109		175
110	To access (and remove data from) the read buffer, use the C<< ->rbuf >>	176	To access (and remove data from) the read buffer, use the C<< ->rbuf >>
111	method or access the C<$self->{rbuf}> member directly.	177	method or access the C<< $handle->{rbuf} >> member directly. Note that you
		178	must not enlarge or modify the read buffer, you can only remove data at
		179	the beginning from it.
112		180
113	When an EOF condition is detected then AnyEvent::Handle will first try to	181	When an EOF condition is detected then AnyEvent::Handle will first try to
114	feed all the remaining data to the queued callbacks and C<on_read> before	182	feed all the remaining data to the queued callbacks and C<on_read> before
115	calling the C<on_eof> callback. If no progress can be made, then a fatal	183	calling the C<on_eof> callback. If no progress can be made, then a fatal
116	error will be raised (with C<$!> set to C<EPIPE>).	184	error will be raised (with C<$!> set to C<EPIPE>).
117		185
		186	Note that, unlike requests in the read queue, an C<on_read> callback
		187	doesn't mean you I<require> some data: if there is an EOF and there
		188	are outstanding read requests then an error will be flagged. With an
		189	C<on_read> callback, the C<on_eof> callback will be invoked.
		190
		191	=item on_eof => $cb->($handle)
		192
		193	Set the callback to be called when an end-of-file condition is detected,
		194	i.e. in the case of a socket, when the other side has closed the
		195	connection cleanly, and there are no outstanding read requests in the
		196	queue (if there are read requests, then an EOF counts as an unexpected
		197	connection close and will be flagged as an error).
		198
		199	For sockets, this just means that the other side has stopped sending data,
		200	you can still try to write data, and, in fact, one can return from the EOF
		201	callback and continue writing data, as only the read part has been shut
		202	down.
		203
		204	If an EOF condition has been detected but no C<on_eof> callback has been
		205	set, then a fatal error will be raised with C<$!> set to <0>.
		206
118	=item on_drain => $cb->()	207	=item on_drain => $cb->($handle)
119		208
120	This sets the callback that is called when the write buffer becomes empty	209	This sets the callback that is called when the write buffer becomes empty
121	(or when the callback is set and the buffer is empty already).	210	(or when the callback is set and the buffer is empty already).
122		211
123	To append to the write buffer, use the C<< ->push_write >> method.	212	To append to the write buffer, use the C<< ->push_write >> method.
124		213
		214	This callback is useful when you don't want to put all of your write data
		215	into the queue at once, for example, when you want to write the contents
		216	of some file to the socket you might not want to read the whole file into
		217	memory and push it into the queue, but instead only read more data from
		218	the file when the write queue becomes empty.
		219
		220	=item timeout => $fractional_seconds
		221
		222	=item rtimeout => $fractional_seconds
		223
		224	=item wtimeout => $fractional_seconds
		225
		226	If non-zero, then these enables an "inactivity" timeout: whenever this
		227	many seconds pass without a successful read or write on the underlying
		228	file handle (or a call to C<timeout_reset>), the C<on_timeout> callback
		229	will be invoked (and if that one is missing, a non-fatal C<ETIMEDOUT>
		230	error will be raised).
		231
		232	There are three variants of the timeouts that work fully independent
		233	of each other, for both read and write, just read, and just write:
		234	C<timeout>, C<rtimeout> and C<wtimeout>, with corresponding callbacks
		235	C<on_timeout>, C<on_rtimeout> and C<on_wtimeout>, and reset functions
		236	C<timeout_reset>, C<rtimeout_reset>, and C<wtimeout_reset>.
		237
		238	Note that timeout processing is also active when you currently do not have
		239	any outstanding read or write requests: If you plan to keep the connection
		240	idle then you should disable the timout temporarily or ignore the timeout
		241	in the C<on_timeout> callback, in which case AnyEvent::Handle will simply
		242	restart the timeout.
		243
		244	Zero (the default) disables this timeout.
		245
		246	=item on_timeout => $cb->($handle)
		247
		248	Called whenever the inactivity timeout passes. If you return from this
		249	callback, then the timeout will be reset as if some activity had happened,
		250	so this condition is not fatal in any way.
		251
125	=item rbuf_max => <bytes>	252	=item rbuf_max => <bytes>
126		253
127	If defined, then a fatal error will be raised (with C<$!> set to C<ENOSPC>)	254	If defined, then a fatal error will be raised (with C<$!> set to C<ENOSPC>)
128	when the read buffer ever (strictly) exceeds this size. This is useful to	255	when the read buffer ever (strictly) exceeds this size. This is useful to
129	avoid denial-of-service attacks.	256	avoid some forms of denial-of-service attacks.
130		257
131	For example, a server accepting connections from untrusted sources should	258	For example, a server accepting connections from untrusted sources should
132	be configured to accept only so-and-so much data that it cannot act on	259	be configured to accept only so-and-so much data that it cannot act on
133	(for example, when expecting a line, an attacker could send an unlimited	260	(for example, when expecting a line, an attacker could send an unlimited
134	amount of data without a callback ever being called as long as the line	261	amount of data without a callback ever being called as long as the line
135	isn't finished).	262	isn't finished).
136		263
		264	=item autocork => <boolean>
		265
		266	When disabled (the default), then C<push_write> will try to immediately
		267	write the data to the handle, if possible. This avoids having to register
		268	a write watcher and wait for the next event loop iteration, but can
		269	be inefficient if you write multiple small chunks (on the wire, this
		270	disadvantage is usually avoided by your kernel's nagle algorithm, see
		271	C<no_delay>, but this option can save costly syscalls).
		272
		273	When enabled, then writes will always be queued till the next event loop
		274	iteration. This is efficient when you do many small writes per iteration,
		275	but less efficient when you do a single write only per iteration (or when
		276	the write buffer often is full). It also increases write latency.
		277
		278	=item no_delay => <boolean>
		279
		280	When doing small writes on sockets, your operating system kernel might
		281	wait a bit for more data before actually sending it out. This is called
		282	the Nagle algorithm, and usually it is beneficial.
		283
		284	In some situations you want as low a delay as possible, which can be
		285	accomplishd by setting this option to a true value.
		286
		287	The default is your opertaing system's default behaviour (most likely
		288	enabled), this option explicitly enables or disables it, if possible.
		289
		290	=item keepalive => <boolean>
		291
		292	Enables (default disable) the SO_KEEPALIVE option on the stream socket:
		293	normally, TCP connections have no time-out once established, so TCP
		294	conenctions, once established, can stay alive forever even when the other
		295	side has long gone. TCP keepalives are a cheap way to take down long-lived
		296	TCP connections whent he other side becomes unreachable. While the default
		297	is OS-dependent, TCP keepalives usually kick in after around two hours,
		298	and, if the other side doesn't reply, take down the TCP connection some 10
		299	to 15 minutes later.
		300
		301	It is harmless to specify this option for file handles that do not support
		302	keepalives, and enabling it on connections that are potentially long-lived
		303	is usually a good idea.
		304
		305	=item oobinline => <boolean>
		306
		307	BSD majorly fucked up the implementation of TCP urgent data. The result
		308	is that almost no OS implements TCP according to the specs, and every OS
		309	implements it slightly differently.
		310
		311	If you want to handle TCP urgent data, then setting this flag gives you
		312	the most portable way of getting urgent data, by putting it into the
		313	stream.
		314
137	=item read_size => <bytes>	315	=item read_size => <bytes>
138		316
139	The default read block size (the amount of bytes this module will try to read	317	The default read block size (the amount of bytes this module will
140	on each [loop iteration). Default: C<4096>.	318	try to read during each loop iteration, which affects memory
		319	requirements). Default: C<8192>.
141		320
142	=item low_water_mark => <bytes>	321	=item low_water_mark => <bytes>
143		322
144	Sets the amount of bytes (default: C<0>) that make up an "empty" write	323	Sets the amount of bytes (default: C<0>) that make up an "empty" write
145	buffer: If the write reaches this size or gets even samller it is	324	buffer: If the write reaches this size or gets even samller it is
146	considered empty.	325	considered empty.
147		326
		327	Sometimes it can be beneficial (for performance reasons) to add data to
		328	the write buffer before it is fully drained, but this is a rare case, as
		329	the operating system kernel usually buffers data as well, so the default
		330	is good in almost all cases.
		331
		332	=item linger => <seconds>
		333
		334	If non-zero (default: C<3600>), then the destructor of the
		335	AnyEvent::Handle object will check whether there is still outstanding
		336	write data and will install a watcher that will write this data to the
		337	socket. No errors will be reported (this mostly matches how the operating
		338	system treats outstanding data at socket close time).
		339
		340	This will not work for partial TLS data that could not be encoded
		341	yet. This data will be lost. Calling the C<stoptls> method in time might
		342	help.
		343
		344	=item peername => $string
		345
		346	A string used to identify the remote site - usually the DNS hostname
		347	(I<not> IDN!) used to create the connection, rarely the IP address.
		348
		349	Apart from being useful in error messages, this string is also used in TLS
		350	peername verification (see C<verify_peername> in L<AnyEvent::TLS>). This
		351	verification will be skipped when C<peername> is not specified or
		352	C<undef>.
		353
148	=item tls => "accept" | "connect" | Net::SSLeay::SSL object	354	=item tls => "accept" | "connect" | Net::SSLeay::SSL object
149		355
150	When this parameter is given, it enables TLS (SSL) mode, that means it	356	When this parameter is given, it enables TLS (SSL) mode, that means
151	will start making tls handshake and will transparently encrypt/decrypt	357	AnyEvent will start a TLS handshake as soon as the conenction has been
152	data.	358	established and will transparently encrypt/decrypt data afterwards.
		359
		360	All TLS protocol errors will be signalled as C<EPROTO>, with an
		361	appropriate error message.
153		362
154	TLS mode requires Net::SSLeay to be installed (it will be loaded	363	TLS mode requires Net::SSLeay to be installed (it will be loaded
155	automatically when you try to create a TLS handle).	364	automatically when you try to create a TLS handle): this module doesn't
		365	have a dependency on that module, so if your module requires it, you have
		366	to add the dependency yourself.
156		367
157	For the TLS server side, use C<accept>, and for the TLS client side of a	368	Unlike TCP, TLS has a server and client side: for the TLS server side, use
158	connection, use C<connect> mode.	369	C<accept>, and for the TLS client side of a connection, use C<connect>
		370	mode.
159		371
160	You can also provide your own TLS connection object, but you have	372	You can also provide your own TLS connection object, but you have
161	to make sure that you call either C<Net::SSLeay::set_connect_state>	373	to make sure that you call either C<Net::SSLeay::set_connect_state>
162	or C<Net::SSLeay::set_accept_state> on it before you pass it to	374	or C<Net::SSLeay::set_accept_state> on it before you pass it to
163	AnyEvent::Handle.	375	AnyEvent::Handle. Also, this module will take ownership of this connection
		376	object.
164		377
		378	At some future point, AnyEvent::Handle might switch to another TLS
		379	implementation, then the option to use your own session object will go
		380	away.
		381
		382	B<IMPORTANT:> since Net::SSLeay "objects" are really only integers,
		383	passing in the wrong integer will lead to certain crash. This most often
		384	happens when one uses a stylish C<< tls => 1 >> and is surprised about the
		385	segmentation fault.
		386
165	See the C<starttls> method if you need to start TLs negotiation later.	387	See the C<< ->starttls >> method for when need to start TLS negotiation later.
166		388
167	=item tls_ctx => $ssl_ctx	389	=item tls_ctx => $anyevent_tls
168		390
169	Use the given Net::SSLeay::CTX object to create the new TLS connection	391	Use the given C<AnyEvent::TLS> object to create the new TLS connection
170	(unless a connection object was specified directly). If this parameter is	392	(unless a connection object was specified directly). If this parameter is
171	missing, then AnyEvent::Handle will use C<AnyEvent::Handle::TLS_CTX>.	393	missing, then AnyEvent::Handle will use C<AnyEvent::Handle::TLS_CTX>.
172		394
173	=item filter_r => $cb	395	Instead of an object, you can also specify a hash reference with C<< key
		396	=> value >> pairs. Those will be passed to L<AnyEvent::TLS> to create a
		397	new TLS context object.
174		398
175	=item filter_w => $cb	399	=item on_starttls => $cb->($handle, $success[, $error_message])
176		400
177	These exist, but are undocumented at this time.	401	This callback will be invoked when the TLS/SSL handshake has finished. If
		402	C<$success> is true, then the TLS handshake succeeded, otherwise it failed
		403	(C<on_stoptls> will not be called in this case).
		404
		405	The session in C<< $handle->{tls} >> can still be examined in this
		406	callback, even when the handshake was not successful.
		407
		408	TLS handshake failures will not cause C<on_error> to be invoked when this
		409	callback is in effect, instead, the error message will be passed to C<on_starttls>.
		410
		411	Without this callback, handshake failures lead to C<on_error> being
		412	called, as normal.
		413
		414	Note that you cannot call C<starttls> right again in this callback. If you
		415	need to do that, start an zero-second timer instead whose callback can
		416	then call C<< ->starttls >> again.
		417
		418	=item on_stoptls => $cb->($handle)
		419
		420	When a SSLv3/TLS shutdown/close notify/EOF is detected and this callback is
		421	set, then it will be invoked after freeing the TLS session. If it is not,
		422	then a TLS shutdown condition will be treated like a normal EOF condition
		423	on the handle.
		424
		425	The session in C<< $handle->{tls} >> can still be examined in this
		426	callback.
		427
		428	This callback will only be called on TLS shutdowns, not when the
		429	underlying handle signals EOF.
		430
		431	=item json => JSON or JSON::XS object
		432
		433	This is the json coder object used by the C<json> read and write types.
		434
		435	If you don't supply it, then AnyEvent::Handle will create and use a
		436	suitable one (on demand), which will write and expect UTF-8 encoded JSON
		437	texts.
		438
		439	Note that you are responsible to depend on the JSON module if you want to
		440	use this functionality, as AnyEvent does not have a dependency itself.
178		441
179	=back	442	=back
180		443
181	=cut	444	=cut
182		445
183	sub new {	446	sub new {
184	my $class = shift;	447	my $class = shift;
185
186	my $self = bless { @_ }, $class;	448	my $self = bless { @_ }, $class;
187		449
188	$self->{fh} or Carp::croak "mandatory argument fh is missing";	450	if ($self->{fh}) {
		451	$self->_start;
		452	return unless $self->{fh}; # could be gone by now
		453
		454	} elsif ($self->{connect}) {
		455	require AnyEvent::Socket;
		456
		457	$self->{peername} = $self->{connect}[0]
		458	unless exists $self->{peername};
		459
		460	$self->{_skip_drain_rbuf} = 1;
		461
		462	{
		463	Scalar::Util::weaken (my $self = $self);
		464
		465	$self->{_connect} =
		466	AnyEvent::Socket::tcp_connect (
		467	$self->{connect}[0],
		468	$self->{connect}[1],
		469	sub {
		470	my ($fh, $host, $port, $retry) = @_;
		471
		472	if ($fh) {
		473	$self->{fh} = $fh;
		474
		475	delete $self->{_skip_drain_rbuf};
		476	$self->_start;
		477
		478	$self->{on_connect}
		479	and $self->{on_connect}($self, $host, $port, sub {
		480	delete @$self{qw(fh _tw _rtw _wtw _ww _rw _eof _queue rbuf _wbuf tls _tls_rbuf _tls_wbuf)};
		481	$self->{_skip_drain_rbuf} = 1;
		482	&$retry;
		483	});
		484
		485	} else {
		486	if ($self->{on_connect_error}) {
		487	$self->{on_connect_error}($self, "$!");
		488	$self->destroy;
		489	} else {
		490	$self->_error ($!, 1);
		491	}
		492	}
		493	},
		494	sub {
		495	local $self->{fh} = $_[0];
		496
		497	$self->{on_prepare}
		498	? $self->{on_prepare}->($self)
		499	: ()
		500	}
		501	);
		502	}
		503
		504	} else {
		505	Carp::croak "AnyEvent::Handle: either an existing fh or the connect parameter must be specified";
		506	}
		507
		508	$self
		509	}
		510
		511	sub _start {
		512	my ($self) = @_;
189		513
190	AnyEvent::Util::fh_nonblocking $self->{fh}, 1;	514	AnyEvent::Util::fh_nonblocking $self->{fh}, 1;
191		515
192	if ($self->{tls}) {	516	$self->{_activity} =
193	require Net::SSLeay;	517	$self->{_ractivity} =
		518	$self->{_wactivity} = AE::now;
		519
		520	$self->timeout (delete $self->{timeout} ) if $self->{timeout};
		521	$self->rtimeout (delete $self->{rtimeout} ) if $self->{rtimeout};
		522	$self->wtimeout (delete $self->{wtimeout} ) if $self->{wtimeout};
		523
		524	$self->no_delay (delete $self->{no_delay} ) if exists $self->{no_delay};
		525	$self->keepalive (delete $self->{keepalive}) if exists $self->{keepalive};
		526	$self->oobinline (delete $self->{oobinline}) if exists $self->{oobinline};
		527
194	$self->starttls (delete $self->{tls}, delete $self->{tls_ctx});	528	$self->starttls (delete $self->{tls}, delete $self->{tls_ctx})
195	}	529	if $self->{tls};
196		530
197	$self->on_eof (delete $self->{on_eof} ) if $self->{on_eof};
198	$self->on_error (delete $self->{on_error}) if $self->{on_error};
199	$self->on_drain (delete $self->{on_drain}) if $self->{on_drain};	531	$self->on_drain (delete $self->{on_drain}) if $self->{on_drain};
200	$self->on_read (delete $self->{on_read} ) if $self->{on_read};
201		532
202	$self->start_read;	533	$self->start_read
		534	if $self->{on_read} || @{ $self->{_queue} };
203		535
204	$self	536	$self->_drain_wbuf;
205	}	537	}
206		538
207	sub _shutdown {
208	my ($self) = @_;
209
210	delete $self->{_rw};
211	delete $self->{_ww};
212	delete $self->{fh};
213	}
214
215	sub error {	539	sub _error {
216	my ($self) = @_;	540	my ($self, $errno, $fatal, $message) = @_;
217		541
218	{	542	$! = $errno;
219	local $!;	543	$message ||= "$!";
220	$self->_shutdown;
221	}
222		544
223	$self->{on_error}($self)
224	if $self->{on_error};	545	if ($self->{on_error}) {
225		546	$self->{on_error}($self, $fatal, $message);
		547	$self->destroy if $fatal;
		548	} elsif ($self->{fh}) {
		549	$self->destroy;
226	Carp::croak "AnyEvent::Handle uncaught fatal error: $!";	550	Carp::croak "AnyEvent::Handle uncaught error: $message";
		551	}
227	}	552	}
228		553
229	=item $fh = $handle->fh	554	=item $fh = $handle->fh
230		555
231	This method returns the file handle of the L<AnyEvent::Handle> object.	556	This method returns the file handle used to create the L<AnyEvent::Handle> object.
232		557
233	=cut	558	=cut
234		559
235	sub fh { $_[0]{fh} }	560	sub fh { $_[0]{fh} }
236		561
…		…
252		577
253	sub on_eof {	578	sub on_eof {
254	$_[0]{on_eof} = $_[1];	579	$_[0]{on_eof} = $_[1];
255	}	580	}
256		581
		582	=item $handle->on_timeout ($cb)
		583
		584	=item $handle->on_rtimeout ($cb)
		585
		586	=item $handle->on_wtimeout ($cb)
		587
		588	Replace the current C<on_timeout>, C<on_rtimeout> or C<on_wtimeout>
		589	callback, or disables the callback (but not the timeout) if C<$cb> =
		590	C<undef>. See the C<timeout> constructor argument and method.
		591
		592	=cut
		593
		594	# see below
		595
		596	=item $handle->autocork ($boolean)
		597
		598	Enables or disables the current autocork behaviour (see C<autocork>
		599	constructor argument). Changes will only take effect on the next write.
		600
		601	=cut
		602
		603	sub autocork {
		604	$_[0]{autocork} = $_[1];
		605	}
		606
		607	=item $handle->no_delay ($boolean)
		608
		609	Enables or disables the C<no_delay> setting (see constructor argument of
		610	the same name for details).
		611
		612	=cut
		613
		614	sub no_delay {
		615	$_[0]{no_delay} = $_[1];
		616
		617	eval {
		618	local $SIG{__DIE__};
		619	setsockopt $_[0]{fh}, Socket::IPPROTO_TCP (), Socket::TCP_NODELAY (), int $_[1]
		620	if $_[0]{fh};
		621	};
		622	}
		623
		624	=item $handle->keepalive ($boolean)
		625
		626	Enables or disables the C<keepalive> setting (see constructor argument of
		627	the same name for details).
		628
		629	=cut
		630
		631	sub keepalive {
		632	$_[0]{keepalive} = $_[1];
		633
		634	eval {
		635	local $SIG{__DIE__};
		636	setsockopt $_[0]{fh}, Socket::SOL_SOCKET (), Socket::SO_KEEPALIVE (), int $_[1]
		637	if $_[0]{fh};
		638	};
		639	}
		640
		641	=item $handle->oobinline ($boolean)
		642
		643	Enables or disables the C<oobinline> setting (see constructor argument of
		644	the same name for details).
		645
		646	=cut
		647
		648	sub oobinline {
		649	$_[0]{oobinline} = $_[1];
		650
		651	eval {
		652	local $SIG{__DIE__};
		653	setsockopt $_[0]{fh}, Socket::SOL_SOCKET (), Socket::SO_OOBINLINE (), int $_[1]
		654	if $_[0]{fh};
		655	};
		656	}
		657
		658	=item $handle->keepalive ($boolean)
		659
		660	Enables or disables the C<keepalive> setting (see constructor argument of
		661	the same name for details).
		662
		663	=cut
		664
		665	sub keepalive {
		666	$_[0]{keepalive} = $_[1];
		667
		668	eval {
		669	local $SIG{__DIE__};
		670	setsockopt $_[0]{fh}, Socket::SOL_SOCKET (), Socket::SO_KEEPALIVE (), int $_[1]
		671	if $_[0]{fh};
		672	};
		673	}
		674
		675	=item $handle->on_starttls ($cb)
		676
		677	Replace the current C<on_starttls> callback (see the C<on_starttls> constructor argument).
		678
		679	=cut
		680
		681	sub on_starttls {
		682	$_[0]{on_starttls} = $_[1];
		683	}
		684
		685	=item $handle->on_stoptls ($cb)
		686
		687	Replace the current C<on_stoptls> callback (see the C<on_stoptls> constructor argument).
		688
		689	=cut
		690
		691	sub on_starttls {
		692	$_[0]{on_stoptls} = $_[1];
		693	}
		694
		695	=item $handle->rbuf_max ($max_octets)
		696
		697	Configures the C<rbuf_max> setting (C<undef> disables it).
		698
		699	=cut
		700
		701	sub rbuf_max {
		702	$_[0]{rbuf_max} = $_[1];
		703	}
		704
		705	#############################################################################
		706
		707	=item $handle->timeout ($seconds)
		708
		709	=item $handle->rtimeout ($seconds)
		710
		711	=item $handle->wtimeout ($seconds)
		712
		713	Configures (or disables) the inactivity timeout.
		714
		715	=item $handle->timeout_reset
		716
		717	=item $handle->rtimeout_reset
		718
		719	=item $handle->wtimeout_reset
		720
		721	Reset the activity timeout, as if data was received or sent.
		722
		723	These methods are cheap to call.
		724
		725	=cut
		726
		727	for my $dir ("", "r", "w") {
		728	my $timeout = "${dir}timeout";
		729	my $tw = "_${dir}tw";
		730	my $on_timeout = "on_${dir}timeout";
		731	my $activity = "_${dir}activity";
		732	my $cb;
		733
		734	*$on_timeout = sub {
		735	$_[0]{$on_timeout} = $_[1];
		736	};
		737
		738	*$timeout = sub {
		739	my ($self, $new_value) = @_;
		740
		741	$self->{$timeout} = $new_value;
		742	delete $self->{$tw}; &$cb;
		743	};
		744
		745	*{"${dir}timeout_reset"} = sub {
		746	$_[0]{$activity} = AE::now;
		747	};
		748
		749	# main workhorse:
		750	# reset the timeout watcher, as neccessary
		751	# also check for time-outs
		752	$cb = sub {
		753	my ($self) = @_;
		754
		755	if ($self->{$timeout} && $self->{fh}) {
		756	my $NOW = AE::now;
		757
		758	# when would the timeout trigger?
		759	my $after = $self->{$activity} + $self->{$timeout} - $NOW;
		760
		761	# now or in the past already?
		762	if ($after <= 0) {
		763	$self->{$activity} = $NOW;
		764
		765	if ($self->{$on_timeout}) {
		766	$self->{$on_timeout}($self);
		767	} else {
		768	$self->_error (Errno::ETIMEDOUT);
		769	}
		770
		771	# callback could have changed timeout value, optimise
		772	return unless $self->{$timeout};
		773
		774	# calculate new after
		775	$after = $self->{$timeout};
		776	}
		777
		778	Scalar::Util::weaken $self;
		779	return unless $self; # ->error could have destroyed $self
		780
		781	$self->{$tw} ||= AE::timer $after, 0, sub {
		782	delete $self->{$tw};
		783	$cb->($self);
		784	};
		785	} else {
		786	delete $self->{$tw};
		787	}
		788	}
		789	}
		790
257	#############################################################################	791	#############################################################################
258		792
259	=back	793	=back
260		794
261	=head2 WRITE QUEUE	795	=head2 WRITE QUEUE
…		…
282	my ($self, $cb) = @_;	816	my ($self, $cb) = @_;
283		817
284	$self->{on_drain} = $cb;	818	$self->{on_drain} = $cb;
285		819
286	$cb->($self)	820	$cb->($self)
287	if $cb && $self->{low_water_mark} >= length $self->{wbuf};	821	if $cb && $self->{low_water_mark} >= (length $self->{wbuf}) + (length $self->{_tls_wbuf});
288	}	822	}
289		823
290	=item $handle->push_write ($data)	824	=item $handle->push_write ($data)
291		825
292	Queues the given scalar to be written. You can push as much data as you	826	Queues the given scalar to be written. You can push as much data as you
…		…
303	Scalar::Util::weaken $self;	837	Scalar::Util::weaken $self;
304		838
305	my $cb = sub {	839	my $cb = sub {
306	my $len = syswrite $self->{fh}, $self->{wbuf};	840	my $len = syswrite $self->{fh}, $self->{wbuf};
307		841
308	if ($len >= 0) {	842	if (defined $len) {
309	substr $self->{wbuf}, 0, $len, "";	843	substr $self->{wbuf}, 0, $len, "";
310		844
		845	$self->{_activity} = $self->{_wactivity} = AE::now;
		846
311	$self->{on_drain}($self)	847	$self->{on_drain}($self)
312	if $self->{low_water_mark} >= length $self->{wbuf}	848	if $self->{low_water_mark} >= (length $self->{wbuf}) + (length $self->{_tls_wbuf})
313	&& $self->{on_drain};	849	&& $self->{on_drain};
314		850
315	delete $self->{_ww} unless length $self->{wbuf};	851	delete $self->{_ww} unless length $self->{wbuf};
316	} elsif ($! != EAGAIN && $! != EINTR && $! != WSAWOULDBLOCK) {	852	} elsif ($! != EAGAIN && $! != EINTR && $! != WSAEWOULDBLOCK) {
317	$self->error;	853	$self->_error ($!, 1);
318	}	854	}
319	};	855	};
320		856
321	# try to write data immediately	857	# try to write data immediately
322	$cb->();	858	$cb->() unless $self->{autocork};
323		859
324	# if still data left in wbuf, we need to poll	860	# if still data left in wbuf, we need to poll
325	$self->{_ww} = AnyEvent->io (fh => $self->{fh}, poll => "w", cb => $cb)	861	$self->{_ww} = AE::io $self->{fh}, 1, $cb
326	if length $self->{wbuf};	862	if length $self->{wbuf};
327	};	863	};
328	}	864	}
329		865
330	our %WH;	866	our %WH;
…		…
341		877
342	@_ = ($WH{$type} or Carp::croak "unsupported type passed to AnyEvent::Handle::push_write")	878	@_ = ($WH{$type} or Carp::croak "unsupported type passed to AnyEvent::Handle::push_write")
343	->($self, @_);	879	->($self, @_);
344	}	880	}
345		881
346	if ($self->{filter_w}) {	882	if ($self->{tls}) {
347	$self->{filter_w}->($self, \$_[0]);	883	$self->{_tls_wbuf} .= $_[0];
		884	&_dotls ($self) if $self->{fh};
348	} else {	885	} else {
349	$self->{wbuf} .= $_[0];	886	$self->{wbuf} .= $_[0];
350	$self->_drain_wbuf;	887	$self->_drain_wbuf if $self->{fh};
351	}	888	}
352	}	889	}
353		890
354	=item $handle->push_write (type => @args)	891	=item $handle->push_write (type => @args)
355
356	=item $handle->unshift_write (type => @args)
357		892
358	Instead of formatting your data yourself, you can also let this module do	893	Instead of formatting your data yourself, you can also let this module do
359	the job by specifying a type and type-specific arguments.	894	the job by specifying a type and type-specific arguments.
360		895
361	Predefined types are (if you have ideas for additional types, feel free to	896	Predefined types are (if you have ideas for additional types, feel free to
…		…
366	=item netstring => $string	901	=item netstring => $string
367		902
368	Formats the given value as netstring	903	Formats the given value as netstring
369	(http://cr.yp.to/proto/netstrings.txt, this is not a recommendation to use them).	904	(http://cr.yp.to/proto/netstrings.txt, this is not a recommendation to use them).
370		905
371	=back
372
373	=cut	906	=cut
374		907
375	register_write_type netstring => sub {	908	register_write_type netstring => sub {
376	my ($self, $string) = @_;	909	my ($self, $string) = @_;
377		910
378	sprintf "%d:%s,", (length $string), $string	911	(length $string) . ":$string,"
379	};	912	};
380		913
		914	=item packstring => $format, $data
		915
		916	An octet string prefixed with an encoded length. The encoding C<$format>
		917	uses the same format as a Perl C<pack> format, but must specify a single
		918	integer only (only one of C<cCsSlLqQiInNvVjJw> is allowed, plus an
		919	optional C<!>, C<< < >> or C<< > >> modifier).
		920
		921	=cut
		922
		923	register_write_type packstring => sub {
		924	my ($self, $format, $string) = @_;
		925
		926	pack "$format/a*", $string
		927	};
		928
		929	=item json => $array_or_hashref
		930
		931	Encodes the given hash or array reference into a JSON object. Unless you
		932	provide your own JSON object, this means it will be encoded to JSON text
		933	in UTF-8.
		934
		935	JSON objects (and arrays) are self-delimiting, so you can write JSON at
		936	one end of a handle and read them at the other end without using any
		937	additional framing.
		938
		939	The generated JSON text is guaranteed not to contain any newlines: While
		940	this module doesn't need delimiters after or between JSON texts to be
		941	able to read them, many other languages depend on that.
		942
		943	A simple RPC protocol that interoperates easily with others is to send
		944	JSON arrays (or objects, although arrays are usually the better choice as
		945	they mimic how function argument passing works) and a newline after each
		946	JSON text:
		947
		948	$handle->push_write (json => ["method", "arg1", "arg2"]); # whatever
		949	$handle->push_write ("\012");
		950
		951	An AnyEvent::Handle receiver would simply use the C<json> read type and
		952	rely on the fact that the newline will be skipped as leading whitespace:
		953
		954	$handle->push_read (json => sub { my $array = $_[1]; ... });
		955
		956	Other languages could read single lines terminated by a newline and pass
		957	this line into their JSON decoder of choice.
		958
		959	=cut
		960
		961	sub json_coder() {
		962	eval { require JSON::XS; JSON::XS->new->utf8 }
		963	|| do { require JSON; JSON->new->utf8 }
		964	}
		965
		966	register_write_type json => sub {
		967	my ($self, $ref) = @_;
		968
		969	my $json = $self->{json} ||= json_coder;
		970
		971	$json->encode ($ref)
		972	};
		973
		974	=item storable => $reference
		975
		976	Freezes the given reference using L<Storable> and writes it to the
		977	handle. Uses the C<nfreeze> format.
		978
		979	=cut
		980
		981	register_write_type storable => sub {
		982	my ($self, $ref) = @_;
		983
		984	require Storable;
		985
		986	pack "w/a*", Storable::nfreeze ($ref)
		987	};
		988
		989	=back
		990
		991	=item $handle->push_shutdown
		992
		993	Sometimes you know you want to close the socket after writing your data
		994	before it was actually written. One way to do that is to replace your
		995	C<on_drain> handler by a callback that shuts down the socket (and set
		996	C<low_water_mark> to C<0>). This method is a shorthand for just that, and
		997	replaces the C<on_drain> callback with:
		998
		999	sub { shutdown $_[0]{fh}, 1 } # for push_shutdown
		1000
		1001	This simply shuts down the write side and signals an EOF condition to the
		1002	the peer.
		1003
		1004	You can rely on the normal read queue and C<on_eof> handling
		1005	afterwards. This is the cleanest way to close a connection.
		1006
		1007	=cut
		1008
		1009	sub push_shutdown {
		1010	my ($self) = @_;
		1011
		1012	delete $self->{low_water_mark};
		1013	$self->on_drain (sub { shutdown $_[0]{fh}, 1 });
		1014	}
		1015
381	=item AnyEvent::Handle::register_write_type type => $coderef->($self, @args)	1016	=item AnyEvent::Handle::register_write_type type => $coderef->($handle, @args)
382		1017
383	This function (not method) lets you add your own types to C<push_write>.	1018	This function (not method) lets you add your own types to C<push_write>.
384	Whenever the given C<type> is used, C<push_write> will invoke the code	1019	Whenever the given C<type> is used, C<push_write> will invoke the code
385	reference with the handle object and the remaining arguments.	1020	reference with the handle object and the remaining arguments.
386		1021
…		…
405	ways, the "simple" way, using only C<on_read> and the "complex" way, using	1040	ways, the "simple" way, using only C<on_read> and the "complex" way, using
406	a queue.	1041	a queue.
407		1042
408	In the simple case, you just install an C<on_read> callback and whenever	1043	In the simple case, you just install an C<on_read> callback and whenever
409	new data arrives, it will be called. You can then remove some data (if	1044	new data arrives, it will be called. You can then remove some data (if
410	enough is there) from the read buffer (C<< $handle->rbuf >>) if you want	1045	enough is there) from the read buffer (C<< $handle->rbuf >>). Or you cna
411	or not.	1046	leave the data there if you want to accumulate more (e.g. when only a
		1047	partial message has been received so far).
412		1048
413	In the more complex case, you want to queue multiple callbacks. In this	1049	In the more complex case, you want to queue multiple callbacks. In this
414	case, AnyEvent::Handle will call the first queued callback each time new	1050	case, AnyEvent::Handle will call the first queued callback each time new
415	data arrives and removes it when it has done its job (see C<push_read>,	1051	data arrives (also the first time it is queued) and removes it when it has
416	below).	1052	done its job (see C<push_read>, below).
417		1053
418	This way you can, for example, push three line-reads, followed by reading	1054	This way you can, for example, push three line-reads, followed by reading
419	a chunk of data, and AnyEvent::Handle will execute them in order.	1055	a chunk of data, and AnyEvent::Handle will execute them in order.
420		1056
421	Example 1: EPP protocol parser. EPP sends 4 byte length info, followed by	1057	Example 1: EPP protocol parser. EPP sends 4 byte length info, followed by
422	the specified number of bytes which give an XML datagram.	1058	the specified number of bytes which give an XML datagram.
423		1059
424	# in the default state, expect some header bytes	1060	# in the default state, expect some header bytes
425	$handle->on_read (sub {	1061	$handle->on_read (sub {
426	# some data is here, now queue the length-header-read (4 octets)	1062	# some data is here, now queue the length-header-read (4 octets)
427	shift->unshift_read_chunk (4, sub {	1063	shift->unshift_read (chunk => 4, sub {
428	# header arrived, decode	1064	# header arrived, decode
429	my $len = unpack "N", $_[1];	1065	my $len = unpack "N", $_[1];
430		1066
431	# now read the payload	1067	# now read the payload
432	shift->unshift_read_chunk ($len, sub {	1068	shift->unshift_read (chunk => $len, sub {
433	my $xml = $_[1];	1069	my $xml = $_[1];
434	# handle xml	1070	# handle xml
435	});	1071	});
436	});	1072	});
437	});	1073	});
438		1074
439	Example 2: Implement a client for a protocol that replies either with	1075	Example 2: Implement a client for a protocol that replies either with "OK"
440	"OK" and another line or "ERROR" for one request, and 64 bytes for the	1076	and another line or "ERROR" for the first request that is sent, and 64
441	second request. Due tot he availability of a full queue, we can just	1077	bytes for the second request. Due to the availability of a queue, we can
442	pipeline sending both requests and manipulate the queue as necessary in	1078	just pipeline sending both requests and manipulate the queue as necessary
443	the callbacks:	1079	in the callbacks.
444		1080
445	# request one	1081	When the first callback is called and sees an "OK" response, it will
		1082	C<unshift> another line-read. This line-read will be queued I<before> the
		1083	64-byte chunk callback.
		1084
		1085	# request one, returns either "OK + extra line" or "ERROR"
446	$handle->push_write ("request 1\015\012");	1086	$handle->push_write ("request 1\015\012");
447		1087
448	# we expect "ERROR" or "OK" as response, so push a line read	1088	# we expect "ERROR" or "OK" as response, so push a line read
449	$handle->push_read_line (sub {	1089	$handle->push_read (line => sub {
450	# if we got an "OK", we have to _prepend_ another line,	1090	# if we got an "OK", we have to _prepend_ another line,
451	# so it will be read before the second request reads its 64 bytes	1091	# so it will be read before the second request reads its 64 bytes
452	# which are already in the queue when this callback is called	1092	# which are already in the queue when this callback is called
453	# we don't do this in case we got an error	1093	# we don't do this in case we got an error
454	if ($_[1] eq "OK") {	1094	if ($_[1] eq "OK") {
455	$_[0]->unshift_read_line (sub {	1095	$_[0]->unshift_read (line => sub {
456	my $response = $_[1];	1096	my $response = $_[1];
457	...	1097	...
458	});	1098	});
459	}	1099	}
460	});	1100	});
461		1101
462	# request two	1102	# request two, simply returns 64 octets
463	$handle->push_write ("request 2\015\012");	1103	$handle->push_write ("request 2\015\012");
464		1104
465	# simply read 64 bytes, always	1105	# simply read 64 bytes, always
466	$handle->push_read_chunk (64, sub {	1106	$handle->push_read (chunk => 64, sub {
467	my $response = $_[1];	1107	my $response = $_[1];
468	...	1108	...
469	});	1109	});
470		1110
471	=over 4	1111	=over 4
472		1112
473	=cut	1113	=cut
474		1114
475	sub _drain_rbuf {	1115	sub _drain_rbuf {
476	my ($self) = @_;	1116	my ($self) = @_;
		1117
		1118	# avoid recursion
		1119	return if $self->{_skip_drain_rbuf};
		1120	local $self->{_skip_drain_rbuf} = 1;
		1121
		1122	while () {
		1123	# we need to use a separate tls read buffer, as we must not receive data while
		1124	# we are draining the buffer, and this can only happen with TLS.
		1125	$self->{rbuf} .= delete $self->{_tls_rbuf}
		1126	if exists $self->{_tls_rbuf};
		1127
		1128	my $len = length $self->{rbuf};
		1129
		1130	if (my $cb = shift @{ $self->{_queue} }) {
		1131	unless ($cb->($self)) {
		1132	# no progress can be made
		1133	# (not enough data and no data forthcoming)
		1134	$self->_error (Errno::EPIPE, 1), return
		1135	if $self->{_eof};
		1136
		1137	unshift @{ $self->{_queue} }, $cb;
		1138	last;
		1139	}
		1140	} elsif ($self->{on_read}) {
		1141	last unless $len;
		1142
		1143	$self->{on_read}($self);
		1144
		1145	if (
		1146	$len == length $self->{rbuf} # if no data has been consumed
		1147	&& !@{ $self->{_queue} } # and the queue is still empty
		1148	&& $self->{on_read} # but we still have on_read
		1149	) {
		1150	# no further data will arrive
		1151	# so no progress can be made
		1152	$self->_error (Errno::EPIPE, 1), return
		1153	if $self->{_eof};
		1154
		1155	last; # more data might arrive
		1156	}
		1157	} else {
		1158	# read side becomes idle
		1159	delete $self->{_rw} unless $self->{tls};
		1160	last;
		1161	}
		1162	}
		1163
		1164	if ($self->{_eof}) {
		1165	$self->{on_eof}
		1166	? $self->{on_eof}($self)
		1167	: $self->_error (0, 1, "Unexpected end-of-file");
		1168
		1169	return;
		1170	}
477		1171
478	if (	1172	if (
479	defined $self->{rbuf_max}	1173	defined $self->{rbuf_max}
480	&& $self->{rbuf_max} < length $self->{rbuf}	1174	&& $self->{rbuf_max} < length $self->{rbuf}
481	) {	1175	) {
482	$! = &Errno::ENOSPC;	1176	$self->_error (Errno::ENOSPC, 1), return;
483	$self->error;
484	}	1177	}
485		1178
486	return if $self->{in_drain};	1179	# may need to restart read watcher
487	local $self->{in_drain} = 1;	1180	unless ($self->{_rw}) {
488		1181	$self->start_read
489	while (my $len = length $self->{rbuf}) {	1182	if $self->{on_read} || @{ $self->{_queue} };
490	no strict 'refs';
491	if (my $cb = shift @{ $self->{_queue} }) {
492	unless ($cb->($self)) {
493	if ($self->{_eof}) {
494	# no progress can be made (not enough data and no data forthcoming)
495	$! = &Errno::EPIPE;
496	$self->error;
497	}
498
499	unshift @{ $self->{_queue} }, $cb;
500	return;
501	}
502	} elsif ($self->{on_read}) {
503	$self->{on_read}($self);
504
505	if (
506	$self->{_eof} # if no further data will arrive
507	&& $len == length $self->{rbuf} # and no data has been consumed
508	&& !@{ $self->{_queue} } # and the queue is still empty
509	&& $self->{on_read} # and we still want to read data
510	) {
511	# then no progress can be made
512	$! = &Errno::EPIPE;
513	$self->error;
514	}
515	} else {
516	# read side becomes idle
517	delete $self->{_rw};
518	return;
519	}
520	}
521
522	if ($self->{_eof}) {
523	$self->_shutdown;
524	$self->{on_eof}($self)
525	if $self->{on_eof};
526	}	1183	}
527	}	1184	}
528		1185
529	=item $handle->on_read ($cb)	1186	=item $handle->on_read ($cb)
530		1187
…		…
536		1193
537	sub on_read {	1194	sub on_read {
538	my ($self, $cb) = @_;	1195	my ($self, $cb) = @_;
539		1196
540	$self->{on_read} = $cb;	1197	$self->{on_read} = $cb;
		1198	$self->_drain_rbuf if $cb;
541	}	1199	}
542		1200
543	=item $handle->rbuf	1201	=item $handle->rbuf
544		1202
545	Returns the read buffer (as a modifiable lvalue).	1203	Returns the read buffer (as a modifiable lvalue).
546		1204
547	You can access the read buffer directly as the C<< ->{rbuf} >> member, if	1205	You can access the read buffer directly as the C<< ->{rbuf} >>
548	you want.	1206	member, if you want. However, the only operation allowed on the
		1207	read buffer (apart from looking at it) is removing data from its
		1208	beginning. Otherwise modifying or appending to it is not allowed and will
		1209	lead to hard-to-track-down bugs.
549		1210
550	NOTE: The read buffer should only be used or modified if the C<on_read>,	1211	NOTE: The read buffer should only be used or modified if the C<on_read>,
551	C<push_read> or C<unshift_read> methods are used. The other read methods	1212	C<push_read> or C<unshift_read> methods are used. The other read methods
552	automatically manage the read buffer.	1213	automatically manage the read buffer.
553		1214
…		…
608		1269
609	$cb = ($RH{$type} or Carp::croak "unsupported type passed to AnyEvent::Handle::unshift_read")	1270	$cb = ($RH{$type} or Carp::croak "unsupported type passed to AnyEvent::Handle::unshift_read")
610	->($self, $cb, @_);	1271	->($self, $cb, @_);
611	}	1272	}
612		1273
613
614	unshift @{ $self->{_queue} }, $cb;	1274	unshift @{ $self->{_queue} }, $cb;
615	$self->_drain_rbuf;	1275	$self->_drain_rbuf;
616	}	1276	}
617		1277
618	=item $handle->push_read (type => @args, $cb)	1278	=item $handle->push_read (type => @args, $cb)
…		…
626	Predefined types are (if you have ideas for additional types, feel free to	1286	Predefined types are (if you have ideas for additional types, feel free to
627	drop by and tell us):	1287	drop by and tell us):
628		1288
629	=over 4	1289	=over 4
630		1290
631	=item chunk => $octets, $cb->($self, $data)	1291	=item chunk => $octets, $cb->($handle, $data)
632		1292
633	Invoke the callback only once C<$octets> bytes have been read. Pass the	1293	Invoke the callback only once C<$octets> bytes have been read. Pass the
634	data read to the callback. The callback will never be called with less	1294	data read to the callback. The callback will never be called with less
635	data.	1295	data.
636		1296
…		…
650	$cb->($_[0], substr $_[0]{rbuf}, 0, $len, "");	1310	$cb->($_[0], substr $_[0]{rbuf}, 0, $len, "");
651	1	1311	1
652	}	1312	}
653	};	1313	};
654		1314
655	# compatibility with older API
656	sub push_read_chunk {
657	$_[0]->push_read (chunk => $_[1], $_[2]);
658	}
659
660	sub unshift_read_chunk {
661	$_[0]->unshift_read (chunk => $_[1], $_[2]);
662	}
663
664	=item line => [$eol, ]$cb->($self, $line, $eol)	1315	=item line => [$eol, ]$cb->($handle, $line, $eol)
665		1316
666	The callback will be called only once a full line (including the end of	1317	The callback will be called only once a full line (including the end of
667	line marker, C<$eol>) has been read. This line (excluding the end of line	1318	line marker, C<$eol>) has been read. This line (excluding the end of line
668	marker) will be passed to the callback as second argument (C<$line>), and	1319	marker) will be passed to the callback as second argument (C<$line>), and
669	the end of line marker as the third argument (C<$eol>).	1320	the end of line marker as the third argument (C<$eol>).
…		…
683	=cut	1334	=cut
684		1335
685	register_read_type line => sub {	1336	register_read_type line => sub {
686	my ($self, $cb, $eol) = @_;	1337	my ($self, $cb, $eol) = @_;
687		1338
688	$eol = qr|(\015?\012)| if @_ < 3;	1339	if (@_ < 3) {
		1340	# this is more than twice as fast as the generic code below
		1341	sub {
		1342	$_[0]{rbuf} =~ s/^([^\015\012]*)(\015?\012)// or return;
		1343
		1344	$cb->($_[0], $1, $2);
		1345	1
		1346	}
		1347	} else {
689	$eol = quotemeta $eol unless ref $eol;	1348	$eol = quotemeta $eol unless ref $eol;
690	$eol = qr|^(.*?)($eol)|s;	1349	$eol = qr|^(.*?)($eol)|s;
691		1350
692	sub {	1351	sub {
693	$_[0]{rbuf} =~ s/$eol// or return;	1352	$_[0]{rbuf} =~ s/$eol// or return;
694		1353
695	$cb->($_[0], $1, $2);	1354	$cb->($_[0], $1, $2);
		1355	1
696	1	1356	}
697	}	1357	}
698	};	1358	};
699		1359
700	# compatibility with older API
701	sub push_read_line {
702	my $self = shift;
703	$self->push_read (line => @_);
704	}
705
706	sub unshift_read_line {
707	my $self = shift;
708	$self->unshift_read (line => @_);
709	}
710
711	=item netstring => $cb->($string)
712
713	A netstring (http://cr.yp.to/proto/netstrings.txt, this is not an endorsement).
714
715	Throws an error with C<$!> set to EBADMSG on format violations.
716
717	=cut
718
719	register_read_type netstring => sub {
720	my ($self, $cb) = @_;
721
722	sub {
723	unless ($_[0]{rbuf} =~ s/^(0|[1-9][0-9]*)://) {
724	if ($_[0]{rbuf} =~ /[^0-9]/) {
725	$! = &Errno::EBADMSG;
726	$self->error;
727	}
728	return;
729	}
730
731	my $len = $1;
732
733	$self->unshift_read (chunk => $len, sub {
734	my $string = $_[1];
735	$_[0]->unshift_read (chunk => 1, sub {
736	if ($_[1] eq ",") {
737	$cb->($_[0], $string);
738	} else {
739	$! = &Errno::EBADMSG;
740	$self->error;
741	}
742	});
743	});
744
745	1
746	}
747	};
748
749	=item regex => $accept[, $reject[, $skip], $cb->($data)	1360	=item regex => $accept[, $reject[, $skip], $cb->($handle, $data)
750		1361
751	Makes a regex match against the regex object C<$accept> and returns	1362	Makes a regex match against the regex object C<$accept> and returns
752	everything up to and including the match.	1363	everything up to and including the match.
753		1364
754	Example: read a single line terminated by '\n'.	1365	Example: read a single line terminated by '\n'.
…		…
802	return 1;	1413	return 1;
803	}	1414	}
804		1415
805	# reject	1416	# reject
806	if ($reject && $$rbuf =~ $reject) {	1417	if ($reject && $$rbuf =~ $reject) {
807	$! = &Errno::EBADMSG;	1418	$self->_error (Errno::EBADMSG);
808	$self->error;
809	}	1419	}
810		1420
811	# skip	1421	# skip
812	if ($skip && $$rbuf =~ $skip) {	1422	if ($skip && $$rbuf =~ $skip) {
813	$data .= substr $$rbuf, 0, $+[0], "";	1423	$data .= substr $$rbuf, 0, $+[0], "";
…		…
815		1425
816	()	1426	()
817	}	1427	}
818	};	1428	};
819		1429
		1430	=item netstring => $cb->($handle, $string)
		1431
		1432	A netstring (http://cr.yp.to/proto/netstrings.txt, this is not an endorsement).
		1433
		1434	Throws an error with C<$!> set to EBADMSG on format violations.
		1435
		1436	=cut
		1437
		1438	register_read_type netstring => sub {
		1439	my ($self, $cb) = @_;
		1440
		1441	sub {
		1442	unless ($_[0]{rbuf} =~ s/^(0|[1-9][0-9]*)://) {
		1443	if ($_[0]{rbuf} =~ /[^0-9]/) {
		1444	$self->_error (Errno::EBADMSG);
		1445	}
		1446	return;
		1447	}
		1448
		1449	my $len = $1;
		1450
		1451	$self->unshift_read (chunk => $len, sub {
		1452	my $string = $_[1];
		1453	$_[0]->unshift_read (chunk => 1, sub {
		1454	if ($_[1] eq ",") {
		1455	$cb->($_[0], $string);
		1456	} else {
		1457	$self->_error (Errno::EBADMSG);
		1458	}
		1459	});
		1460	});
		1461
		1462	1
		1463	}
		1464	};
		1465
		1466	=item packstring => $format, $cb->($handle, $string)
		1467
		1468	An octet string prefixed with an encoded length. The encoding C<$format>
		1469	uses the same format as a Perl C<pack> format, but must specify a single
		1470	integer only (only one of C<cCsSlLqQiInNvVjJw> is allowed, plus an
		1471	optional C<!>, C<< < >> or C<< > >> modifier).
		1472
		1473	For example, DNS over TCP uses a prefix of C<n> (2 octet network order),
		1474	EPP uses a prefix of C<N> (4 octtes).
		1475
		1476	Example: read a block of data prefixed by its length in BER-encoded
		1477	format (very efficient).
		1478
		1479	$handle->push_read (packstring => "w", sub {
		1480	my ($handle, $data) = @_;
		1481	});
		1482
		1483	=cut
		1484
		1485	register_read_type packstring => sub {
		1486	my ($self, $cb, $format) = @_;
		1487
		1488	sub {
		1489	# when we can use 5.10 we can use ".", but for 5.8 we use the re-pack method
		1490	defined (my $len = eval { unpack $format, $_[0]{rbuf} })
		1491	or return;
		1492
		1493	$format = length pack $format, $len;
		1494
		1495	# bypass unshift if we already have the remaining chunk
		1496	if ($format + $len <= length $_[0]{rbuf}) {
		1497	my $data = substr $_[0]{rbuf}, $format, $len;
		1498	substr $_[0]{rbuf}, 0, $format + $len, "";
		1499	$cb->($_[0], $data);
		1500	} else {
		1501	# remove prefix
		1502	substr $_[0]{rbuf}, 0, $format, "";
		1503
		1504	# read remaining chunk
		1505	$_[0]->unshift_read (chunk => $len, $cb);
		1506	}
		1507
		1508	1
		1509	}
		1510	};
		1511
		1512	=item json => $cb->($handle, $hash_or_arrayref)
		1513
		1514	Reads a JSON object or array, decodes it and passes it to the
		1515	callback. When a parse error occurs, an C<EBADMSG> error will be raised.
		1516
		1517	If a C<json> object was passed to the constructor, then that will be used
		1518	for the final decode, otherwise it will create a JSON coder expecting UTF-8.
		1519
		1520	This read type uses the incremental parser available with JSON version
		1521	2.09 (and JSON::XS version 2.2) and above. You have to provide a
		1522	dependency on your own: this module will load the JSON module, but
		1523	AnyEvent does not depend on it itself.
		1524
		1525	Since JSON texts are fully self-delimiting, the C<json> read and write
		1526	types are an ideal simple RPC protocol: just exchange JSON datagrams. See
		1527	the C<json> write type description, above, for an actual example.
		1528
		1529	=cut
		1530
		1531	register_read_type json => sub {
		1532	my ($self, $cb) = @_;
		1533
		1534	my $json = $self->{json} ||= json_coder;
		1535
		1536	my $data;
		1537	my $rbuf = \$self->{rbuf};
		1538
		1539	sub {
		1540	my $ref = eval { $json->incr_parse ($self->{rbuf}) };
		1541
		1542	if ($ref) {
		1543	$self->{rbuf} = $json->incr_text;
		1544	$json->incr_text = "";
		1545	$cb->($self, $ref);
		1546
		1547	1
		1548	} elsif ($@) {
		1549	# error case
		1550	$json->incr_skip;
		1551
		1552	$self->{rbuf} = $json->incr_text;
		1553	$json->incr_text = "";
		1554
		1555	$self->_error (Errno::EBADMSG);
		1556
		1557	()
		1558	} else {
		1559	$self->{rbuf} = "";
		1560
		1561	()
		1562	}
		1563	}
		1564	};
		1565
		1566	=item storable => $cb->($handle, $ref)
		1567
		1568	Deserialises a L<Storable> frozen representation as written by the
		1569	C<storable> write type (BER-encoded length prefix followed by nfreeze'd
		1570	data).
		1571
		1572	Raises C<EBADMSG> error if the data could not be decoded.
		1573
		1574	=cut
		1575
		1576	register_read_type storable => sub {
		1577	my ($self, $cb) = @_;
		1578
		1579	require Storable;
		1580
		1581	sub {
		1582	# when we can use 5.10 we can use ".", but for 5.8 we use the re-pack method
		1583	defined (my $len = eval { unpack "w", $_[0]{rbuf} })
		1584	or return;
		1585
		1586	my $format = length pack "w", $len;
		1587
		1588	# bypass unshift if we already have the remaining chunk
		1589	if ($format + $len <= length $_[0]{rbuf}) {
		1590	my $data = substr $_[0]{rbuf}, $format, $len;
		1591	substr $_[0]{rbuf}, 0, $format + $len, "";
		1592	$cb->($_[0], Storable::thaw ($data));
		1593	} else {
		1594	# remove prefix
		1595	substr $_[0]{rbuf}, 0, $format, "";
		1596
		1597	# read remaining chunk
		1598	$_[0]->unshift_read (chunk => $len, sub {
		1599	if (my $ref = eval { Storable::thaw ($_[1]) }) {
		1600	$cb->($_[0], $ref);
		1601	} else {
		1602	$self->_error (Errno::EBADMSG);
		1603	}
		1604	});
		1605	}
		1606
		1607	1
		1608	}
		1609	};
		1610
820	=back	1611	=back
821		1612
822	=item AnyEvent::Handle::register_read_type type => $coderef->($self, $cb, @args)	1613	=item AnyEvent::Handle::register_read_type type => $coderef->($handle, $cb, @args)
823		1614
824	This function (not method) lets you add your own types to C<push_read>.	1615	This function (not method) lets you add your own types to C<push_read>.
825		1616
826	Whenever the given C<type> is used, C<push_read> will invoke the code	1617	Whenever the given C<type> is used, C<push_read> will invoke the code
827	reference with the handle object, the callback and the remaining	1618	reference with the handle object, the callback and the remaining
…		…
829		1620
830	The code reference is supposed to return a callback (usually a closure)	1621	The code reference is supposed to return a callback (usually a closure)
831	that works as a plain read callback (see C<< ->push_read ($cb) >>).	1622	that works as a plain read callback (see C<< ->push_read ($cb) >>).
832		1623
833	It should invoke the passed callback when it is done reading (remember to	1624	It should invoke the passed callback when it is done reading (remember to
834	pass C<$self> as first argument as all other callbacks do that).	1625	pass C<$handle> as first argument as all other callbacks do that).
835		1626
836	Note that this is a function, and all types registered this way will be	1627	Note that this is a function, and all types registered this way will be
837	global, so try to use unique names.	1628	global, so try to use unique names.
838		1629
839	For examples, see the source of this module (F<perldoc -m AnyEvent::Handle>,	1630	For examples, see the source of this module (F<perldoc -m AnyEvent::Handle>,
…		…
842	=item $handle->stop_read	1633	=item $handle->stop_read
843		1634
844	=item $handle->start_read	1635	=item $handle->start_read
845		1636
846	In rare cases you actually do not want to read anything from the	1637	In rare cases you actually do not want to read anything from the
847	socket. In this case you can call C<stop_read>. Neither C<on_read> no	1638	socket. In this case you can call C<stop_read>. Neither C<on_read> nor
848	any queued callbacks will be executed then. To start reading again, call	1639	any queued callbacks will be executed then. To start reading again, call
849	C<start_read>.	1640	C<start_read>.
850		1641
		1642	Note that AnyEvent::Handle will automatically C<start_read> for you when
		1643	you change the C<on_read> callback or push/unshift a read callback, and it
		1644	will automatically C<stop_read> for you when neither C<on_read> is set nor
		1645	there are any read requests in the queue.
		1646
		1647	These methods will have no effect when in TLS mode (as TLS doesn't support
		1648	half-duplex connections).
		1649
851	=cut	1650	=cut
852		1651
853	sub stop_read {	1652	sub stop_read {
854	my ($self) = @_;	1653	my ($self) = @_;
855		1654
856	delete $self->{_rw};	1655	delete $self->{_rw} unless $self->{tls};
857	}	1656	}
858		1657
859	sub start_read {	1658	sub start_read {
860	my ($self) = @_;	1659	my ($self) = @_;
861		1660
862	unless ($self->{_rw} || $self->{_eof}) {	1661	unless ($self->{_rw} || $self->{_eof}) {
863	Scalar::Util::weaken $self;	1662	Scalar::Util::weaken $self;
864		1663
865	$self->{_rw} = AnyEvent->io (fh => $self->{fh}, poll => "r", cb => sub {	1664	$self->{_rw} = AE::io $self->{fh}, 0, sub {
866	my $rbuf = $self->{filter_r} ? \my $buf : \$self->{rbuf};	1665	my $rbuf = \($self->{tls} ? my $buf : $self->{rbuf});
867	my $len = sysread $self->{fh}, $$rbuf, $self->{read_size} || 8192, length $$rbuf;	1666	my $len = sysread $self->{fh}, $$rbuf, $self->{read_size} || 8192, length $$rbuf;
868		1667
869	if ($len > 0) {	1668	if ($len > 0) {
870	$self->{filter_r}	1669	$self->{_activity} = $self->{_ractivity} = AE::now;
871	? $self->{filter_r}->($self, $rbuf)	1670
		1671	if ($self->{tls}) {
		1672	Net::SSLeay::BIO_write ($self->{_rbio}, $$rbuf);
		1673
		1674	&_dotls ($self);
		1675	} else {
872	: $self->_drain_rbuf;	1676	$self->_drain_rbuf;
		1677	}
873		1678
874	} elsif (defined $len) {	1679	} elsif (defined $len) {
875	delete $self->{_rw};	1680	delete $self->{_rw};
876	$self->{_eof} = 1;	1681	$self->{_eof} = 1;
877	$self->_drain_rbuf;	1682	$self->_drain_rbuf;
878		1683
879	} elsif ($! != EAGAIN && $! != EINTR && $! != &AnyEvent::Util::WSAWOULDBLOCK) {	1684	} elsif ($! != EAGAIN && $! != EINTR && $! != WSAEWOULDBLOCK) {
880	return $self->error;	1685	return $self->_error ($!, 1);
881	}	1686	}
882	});	1687	};
883	}	1688	}
884	}	1689	}
885		1690
		1691	our $ERROR_SYSCALL;
		1692	our $ERROR_WANT_READ;
		1693
		1694	sub _tls_error {
		1695	my ($self, $err) = @_;
		1696
		1697	return $self->_error ($!, 1)
		1698	if $err == Net::SSLeay::ERROR_SYSCALL ();
		1699
		1700	my $err =Net::SSLeay::ERR_error_string (Net::SSLeay::ERR_get_error ());
		1701
		1702	# reduce error string to look less scary
		1703	$err =~ s/^error:[0-9a-fA-F]{8}:[^:]+:([^:]+):/\L$1: /;
		1704
		1705	if ($self->{_on_starttls}) {
		1706	(delete $self->{_on_starttls})->($self, undef, $err);
		1707	&_freetls;
		1708	} else {
		1709	&_freetls;
		1710	$self->_error (Errno::EPROTO, 1, $err);
		1711	}
		1712	}
		1713
		1714	# poll the write BIO and send the data if applicable
		1715	# also decode read data if possible
		1716	# this is basiclaly our TLS state machine
		1717	# more efficient implementations are possible with openssl,
		1718	# but not with the buggy and incomplete Net::SSLeay.
886	sub _dotls {	1719	sub _dotls {
887	my ($self) = @_;	1720	my ($self) = @_;
888		1721
		1722	my $tmp;
		1723
889	if (length $self->{_tls_wbuf}) {	1724	if (length $self->{_tls_wbuf}) {
890	while ((my $len = Net::SSLeay::write ($self->{tls}, $self->{_tls_wbuf})) > 0) {	1725	while (($tmp = Net::SSLeay::write ($self->{tls}, $self->{_tls_wbuf})) > 0) {
891	substr $self->{_tls_wbuf}, 0, $len, "";	1726	substr $self->{_tls_wbuf}, 0, $tmp, "";
892	}	1727	}
893	}
894		1728
		1729	$tmp = Net::SSLeay::get_error ($self->{tls}, $tmp);
		1730	return $self->_tls_error ($tmp)
		1731	if $tmp != $ERROR_WANT_READ
		1732	&& ($tmp != $ERROR_SYSCALL || $!);
		1733	}
		1734
		1735	while (defined ($tmp = Net::SSLeay::read ($self->{tls}))) {
		1736	unless (length $tmp) {
		1737	$self->{_on_starttls}
		1738	and (delete $self->{_on_starttls})->($self, undef, "EOF during handshake"); # ???
		1739	&_freetls;
		1740
		1741	if ($self->{on_stoptls}) {
		1742	$self->{on_stoptls}($self);
		1743	return;
		1744	} else {
		1745	# let's treat SSL-eof as we treat normal EOF
		1746	delete $self->{_rw};
		1747	$self->{_eof} = 1;
		1748	}
		1749	}
		1750
		1751	$self->{_tls_rbuf} .= $tmp;
		1752	$self->_drain_rbuf;
		1753	$self->{tls} or return; # tls session might have gone away in callback
		1754	}
		1755
		1756	$tmp = Net::SSLeay::get_error ($self->{tls}, -1);
		1757	return $self->_tls_error ($tmp)
		1758	if $tmp != $ERROR_WANT_READ
		1759	&& ($tmp != $ERROR_SYSCALL || $!);
		1760
895	if (defined (my $buf = Net::SSLeay::BIO_read ($self->{_wbio}))) {	1761	while (length ($tmp = Net::SSLeay::BIO_read ($self->{_wbio}))) {
896	$self->{wbuf} .= $buf;	1762	$self->{wbuf} .= $tmp;
897	$self->_drain_wbuf;	1763	$self->_drain_wbuf;
898	}	1764	}
899		1765
900	while (defined (my $buf = Net::SSLeay::read ($self->{tls}))) {	1766	$self->{_on_starttls}
901	$self->{rbuf} .= $buf;	1767	and Net::SSLeay::state ($self->{tls}) == Net::SSLeay::ST_OK ()
902	$self->_drain_rbuf;	1768	and (delete $self->{_on_starttls})->($self, 1, "TLS/SSL connection established");
903	}
904
905	my $err = Net::SSLeay::get_error ($self->{tls}, -1);
906
907	if ($err!= Net::SSLeay::ERROR_WANT_READ ()) {
908	if ($err == Net::SSLeay::ERROR_SYSCALL ()) {
909	$self->error;
910	} elsif ($err == Net::SSLeay::ERROR_SSL ()) {
911	$! = &Errno::EIO;
912	$self->error;
913	}
914
915	# all others are fine for our purposes
916	}
917	}	1769	}
918		1770
919	=item $handle->starttls ($tls[, $tls_ctx])	1771	=item $handle->starttls ($tls[, $tls_ctx])
920		1772
921	Instead of starting TLS negotiation immediately when the AnyEvent::Handle	1773	Instead of starting TLS negotiation immediately when the AnyEvent::Handle
922	object is created, you can also do that at a later time by calling	1774	object is created, you can also do that at a later time by calling
923	C<starttls>.	1775	C<starttls>.
924		1776
		1777	Starting TLS is currently an asynchronous operation - when you push some
		1778	write data and then call C<< ->starttls >> then TLS negotiation will start
		1779	immediately, after which the queued write data is then sent.
		1780
925	The first argument is the same as the C<tls> constructor argument (either	1781	The first argument is the same as the C<tls> constructor argument (either
926	C<"connect">, C<"accept"> or an existing Net::SSLeay object).	1782	C<"connect">, C<"accept"> or an existing Net::SSLeay object).
927		1783
928	The second argument is the optional C<Net::SSLeay::CTX> object that is	1784	The second argument is the optional C<AnyEvent::TLS> object that is used
929	used when AnyEvent::Handle has to create its own TLS connection object.	1785	when AnyEvent::Handle has to create its own TLS connection object, or
		1786	a hash reference with C<< key => value >> pairs that will be used to
		1787	construct a new context.
930		1788
931	The TLS connection object will end up in C<< $handle->{tls} >> after this	1789	The TLS connection object will end up in C<< $handle->{tls} >>, the TLS
932	call and can be used or changed to your liking. Note that the handshake	1790	context in C<< $handle->{tls_ctx} >> after this call and can be used or
933	might have already started when this function returns.	1791	changed to your liking. Note that the handshake might have already started
		1792	when this function returns.
934		1793
935	=cut	1794	Due to bugs in OpenSSL, it might or might not be possible to do multiple
		1795	handshakes on the same stream. Best do not attempt to use the stream after
		1796	stopping TLS.
936		1797
937	# TODO: maybe document...	1798	=cut
		1799
		1800	our %TLS_CACHE; #TODO not yet documented, should we?
		1801
938	sub starttls {	1802	sub starttls {
939	my ($self, $ssl, $ctx) = @_;	1803	my ($self, $tls, $ctx) = @_;
940		1804
941	$self->stoptls;	1805	Carp::croak "It is an error to call starttls on an AnyEvent::Handle object while TLS is already active, caught"
		1806	if $self->{tls};
942		1807
943	if ($ssl eq "accept") {	1808	$self->{tls} = $tls;
944	$ssl = Net::SSLeay::new ($ctx || TLS_CTX ());	1809	$self->{tls_ctx} = $ctx if @_ > 2;
945	Net::SSLeay::set_accept_state ($ssl);	1810
946	} elsif ($ssl eq "connect") {	1811	return unless $self->{fh};
947	$ssl = Net::SSLeay::new ($ctx || TLS_CTX ());	1812
948	Net::SSLeay::set_connect_state ($ssl);	1813	require Net::SSLeay;
		1814
		1815	$ERROR_SYSCALL = Net::SSLeay::ERROR_SYSCALL ();
		1816	$ERROR_WANT_READ = Net::SSLeay::ERROR_WANT_READ ();
		1817
		1818	$tls = delete $self->{tls};
		1819	$ctx = $self->{tls_ctx};
		1820
		1821	local $Carp::CarpLevel = 1; # skip ourselves when creating a new context or session
		1822
		1823	if ("HASH" eq ref $ctx) {
		1824	require AnyEvent::TLS;
		1825
		1826	if ($ctx->{cache}) {
		1827	my $key = $ctx+0;
		1828	$ctx = $TLS_CACHE{$key} ||= new AnyEvent::TLS %$ctx;
		1829	} else {
		1830	$ctx = new AnyEvent::TLS %$ctx;
		1831	}
		1832	}
949	}	1833
950		1834	$self->{tls_ctx} = $ctx || TLS_CTX ();
951	$self->{tls} = $ssl;	1835	$self->{tls} = $tls = $self->{tls_ctx}->_get_session ($tls, $self, $self->{peername});
952		1836
953	# basically, this is deep magic (because SSL_read should have the same issues)	1837	# basically, this is deep magic (because SSL_read should have the same issues)
954	# but the openssl maintainers basically said: "trust us, it just works".	1838	# but the openssl maintainers basically said: "trust us, it just works".
955	# (unfortunately, we have to hardcode constants because the abysmally misdesigned	1839	# (unfortunately, we have to hardcode constants because the abysmally misdesigned
956	# and mismaintained ssleay-module doesn't even offer them).	1840	# and mismaintained ssleay-module doesn't even offer them).
957	# http://www.mail-archive.com/openssl-dev@openssl.org/msg22420.html	1841	# http://www.mail-archive.com/openssl-dev@openssl.org/msg22420.html
		1842	#
		1843	# in short: this is a mess.
		1844	#
		1845	# note that we do not try to keep the length constant between writes as we are required to do.
		1846	# we assume that most (but not all) of this insanity only applies to non-blocking cases,
		1847	# and we drive openssl fully in blocking mode here. Or maybe we don't - openssl seems to
		1848	# have identity issues in that area.
958	Net::SSLeay::CTX_set_mode ($self->{tls},	1849	# Net::SSLeay::CTX_set_mode ($ssl,
959	(eval { local $SIG{__DIE__}; Net::SSLeay::MODE_ENABLE_PARTIAL_WRITE () } || 1)	1850	# (eval { local $SIG{__DIE__}; Net::SSLeay::MODE_ENABLE_PARTIAL_WRITE () } || 1)
960	| (eval { local $SIG{__DIE__}; Net::SSLeay::MODE_ACCEPT_MOVING_WRITE_BUFFER () } || 2));	1851	# | (eval { local $SIG{__DIE__}; Net::SSLeay::MODE_ACCEPT_MOVING_WRITE_BUFFER () } || 2));
		1852	Net::SSLeay::CTX_set_mode ($tls, 1|2);
961		1853
962	$self->{_rbio} = Net::SSLeay::BIO_new (Net::SSLeay::BIO_s_mem ());	1854	$self->{_rbio} = Net::SSLeay::BIO_new (Net::SSLeay::BIO_s_mem ());
963	$self->{_wbio} = Net::SSLeay::BIO_new (Net::SSLeay::BIO_s_mem ());	1855	$self->{_wbio} = Net::SSLeay::BIO_new (Net::SSLeay::BIO_s_mem ());
964		1856
		1857	Net::SSLeay::BIO_write ($self->{_rbio}, delete $self->{rbuf});
		1858
965	Net::SSLeay::set_bio ($ssl, $self->{_rbio}, $self->{_wbio});	1859	Net::SSLeay::set_bio ($tls, $self->{_rbio}, $self->{_wbio});
966		1860
967	$self->{filter_w} = sub {	1861	$self->{_on_starttls} = sub { $_[0]{on_starttls}(@_) }
968	$_[0]{_tls_wbuf} .= ${$_[1]};	1862	if $self->{on_starttls};
969	&_dotls;	1863
970	};	1864	&_dotls; # need to trigger the initial handshake
971	$self->{filter_r} = sub {	1865	$self->start_read; # make sure we actually do read
972	Net::SSLeay::BIO_write ($_[0]{_rbio}, ${$_[1]});
973	&_dotls;
974	};
975	}	1866	}
976		1867
977	=item $handle->stoptls	1868	=item $handle->stoptls
978		1869
979	Destroys the SSL connection, if any. Partial read or write data will be	1870	Shuts down the SSL connection - this makes a proper EOF handshake by
980	lost.	1871	sending a close notify to the other side, but since OpenSSL doesn't
		1872	support non-blocking shut downs, it is not guarenteed that you can re-use
		1873	the stream afterwards.
981		1874
982	=cut	1875	=cut
983		1876
984	sub stoptls {	1877	sub stoptls {
985	my ($self) = @_;	1878	my ($self) = @_;
986		1879
987	Net::SSLeay::free (delete $self->{tls}) if $self->{tls};	1880	if ($self->{tls}) {
		1881	Net::SSLeay::shutdown ($self->{tls});
988		1882
989	delete $self->{_rbio};	1883	&_dotls;
990	delete $self->{_wbio};	1884
991	delete $self->{_tls_wbuf};	1885	# # we don't give a shit. no, we do, but we can't. no...#d#
992	delete $self->{filter_r};	1886	# # we, we... have to use openssl :/#d#
993	delete $self->{filter_w};	1887	# &_freetls;#d#
		1888	}
		1889	}
		1890
		1891	sub _freetls {
		1892	my ($self) = @_;
		1893
		1894	return unless $self->{tls};
		1895
		1896	$self->{tls_ctx}->_put_session (delete $self->{tls})
		1897	if $self->{tls} > 0;
		1898
		1899	delete @$self{qw(_rbio _wbio _tls_wbuf _on_starttls)};
994	}	1900	}
995		1901
996	sub DESTROY {	1902	sub DESTROY {
997	my $self = shift;	1903	my ($self) = @_;
998		1904
999	$self->stoptls;	1905	&_freetls;
		1906
		1907	my $linger = exists $self->{linger} ? $self->{linger} : 3600;
		1908
		1909	if ($linger && length $self->{wbuf} && $self->{fh}) {
		1910	my $fh = delete $self->{fh};
		1911	my $wbuf = delete $self->{wbuf};
		1912
		1913	my @linger;
		1914
		1915	push @linger, AE::io $fh, 1, sub {
		1916	my $len = syswrite $fh, $wbuf, length $wbuf;
		1917
		1918	if ($len > 0) {
		1919	substr $wbuf, 0, $len, "";
		1920	} else {
		1921	@linger = (); # end
		1922	}
		1923	};
		1924	push @linger, AE::timer $linger, 0, sub {
		1925	@linger = ();
		1926	};
		1927	}
		1928	}
		1929
		1930	=item $handle->destroy
		1931
		1932	Shuts down the handle object as much as possible - this call ensures that
		1933	no further callbacks will be invoked and as many resources as possible
		1934	will be freed. Any method you will call on the handle object after
		1935	destroying it in this way will be silently ignored (and it will return the
		1936	empty list).
		1937
		1938	Normally, you can just "forget" any references to an AnyEvent::Handle
		1939	object and it will simply shut down. This works in fatal error and EOF
		1940	callbacks, as well as code outside. It does I<NOT> work in a read or write
		1941	callback, so when you want to destroy the AnyEvent::Handle object from
		1942	within such an callback. You I<MUST> call C<< ->destroy >> explicitly in
		1943	that case.
		1944
		1945	Destroying the handle object in this way has the advantage that callbacks
		1946	will be removed as well, so if those are the only reference holders (as
		1947	is common), then one doesn't need to do anything special to break any
		1948	reference cycles.
		1949
		1950	The handle might still linger in the background and write out remaining
		1951	data, as specified by the C<linger> option, however.
		1952
		1953	=cut
		1954
		1955	sub destroy {
		1956	my ($self) = @_;
		1957
		1958	$self->DESTROY;
		1959	%$self = ();
		1960	bless $self, "AnyEvent::Handle::destroyed";
		1961	}
		1962
		1963	sub AnyEvent::Handle::destroyed::AUTOLOAD {
		1964	#nop
1000	}	1965	}
1001		1966
1002	=item AnyEvent::Handle::TLS_CTX	1967	=item AnyEvent::Handle::TLS_CTX
1003		1968
1004	This function creates and returns the Net::SSLeay::CTX object used by	1969	This function creates and returns the AnyEvent::TLS object used by default
1005	default for TLS mode.	1970	for TLS mode.
1006		1971
1007	The context is created like this:	1972	The context is created by calling L<AnyEvent::TLS> without any arguments.
1008
1009	Net::SSLeay::load_error_strings;
1010	Net::SSLeay::SSLeay_add_ssl_algorithms;
1011	Net::SSLeay::randomize;
1012
1013	my $CTX = Net::SSLeay::CTX_new;
1014
1015	Net::SSLeay::CTX_set_options $CTX, Net::SSLeay::OP_ALL
1016		1973
1017	=cut	1974	=cut
1018		1975
1019	our $TLS_CTX;	1976	our $TLS_CTX;
1020		1977
1021	sub TLS_CTX() {	1978	sub TLS_CTX() {
1022	$TLS_CTX || do {	1979	$TLS_CTX ||= do {
1023	require Net::SSLeay;	1980	require AnyEvent::TLS;
1024		1981
1025	Net::SSLeay::load_error_strings ();	1982	new AnyEvent::TLS
1026	Net::SSLeay::SSLeay_add_ssl_algorithms ();
1027	Net::SSLeay::randomize ();
1028
1029	$TLS_CTX = Net::SSLeay::CTX_new ();
1030
1031	Net::SSLeay::CTX_set_options ($TLS_CTX, Net::SSLeay::OP_ALL ());
1032
1033	$TLS_CTX
1034	}	1983	}
1035	}	1984	}
1036		1985
1037	=back	1986	=back
		1987
		1988
		1989	=head1 NONFREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS
		1990
		1991	=over 4
		1992
		1993	=item I C<undef> the AnyEvent::Handle reference inside my callback and
		1994	still get further invocations!
		1995
		1996	That's because AnyEvent::Handle keeps a reference to itself when handling
		1997	read or write callbacks.
		1998
		1999	It is only safe to "forget" the reference inside EOF or error callbacks,
		2000	from within all other callbacks, you need to explicitly call the C<<
		2001	->destroy >> method.
		2002
		2003	=item I get different callback invocations in TLS mode/Why can't I pause
		2004	reading?
		2005
		2006	Unlike, say, TCP, TLS connections do not consist of two independent
		2007	communication channels, one for each direction. Or put differently. The
		2008	read and write directions are not independent of each other: you cannot
		2009	write data unless you are also prepared to read, and vice versa.
		2010
		2011	This can mean than, in TLS mode, you might get C<on_error> or C<on_eof>
		2012	callback invocations when you are not expecting any read data - the reason
		2013	is that AnyEvent::Handle always reads in TLS mode.
		2014
		2015	During the connection, you have to make sure that you always have a
		2016	non-empty read-queue, or an C<on_read> watcher. At the end of the
		2017	connection (or when you no longer want to use it) you can call the
		2018	C<destroy> method.
		2019
		2020	=item How do I read data until the other side closes the connection?
		2021
		2022	If you just want to read your data into a perl scalar, the easiest way
		2023	to achieve this is by setting an C<on_read> callback that does nothing,
		2024	clearing the C<on_eof> callback and in the C<on_error> callback, the data
		2025	will be in C<$_[0]{rbuf}>:
		2026
		2027	$handle->on_read (sub { });
		2028	$handle->on_eof (undef);
		2029	$handle->on_error (sub {
		2030	my $data = delete $_[0]{rbuf};
		2031	});
		2032
		2033	The reason to use C<on_error> is that TCP connections, due to latencies
		2034	and packets loss, might get closed quite violently with an error, when in
		2035	fact, all data has been received.
		2036
		2037	It is usually better to use acknowledgements when transferring data,
		2038	to make sure the other side hasn't just died and you got the data
		2039	intact. This is also one reason why so many internet protocols have an
		2040	explicit QUIT command.
		2041
		2042	=item I don't want to destroy the handle too early - how do I wait until
		2043	all data has been written?
		2044
		2045	After writing your last bits of data, set the C<on_drain> callback
		2046	and destroy the handle in there - with the default setting of
		2047	C<low_water_mark> this will be called precisely when all data has been
		2048	written to the socket:
		2049
		2050	$handle->push_write (...);
		2051	$handle->on_drain (sub {
		2052	warn "all data submitted to the kernel\n";
		2053	undef $handle;
		2054	});
		2055
		2056	If you just want to queue some data and then signal EOF to the other side,
		2057	consider using C<< ->push_shutdown >> instead.
		2058
		2059	=item I want to contact a TLS/SSL server, I don't care about security.
		2060
		2061	If your TLS server is a pure TLS server (e.g. HTTPS) that only speaks TLS,
		2062	simply connect to it and then create the AnyEvent::Handle with the C<tls>
		2063	parameter:
		2064
		2065	tcp_connect $host, $port, sub {
		2066	my ($fh) = @_;
		2067
		2068	my $handle = new AnyEvent::Handle
		2069	fh => $fh,
		2070	tls => "connect",
		2071	on_error => sub { ... };
		2072
		2073	$handle->push_write (...);
		2074	};
		2075
		2076	=item I want to contact a TLS/SSL server, I do care about security.
		2077
		2078	Then you should additionally enable certificate verification, including
		2079	peername verification, if the protocol you use supports it (see
		2080	L<AnyEvent::TLS>, C<verify_peername>).
		2081
		2082	E.g. for HTTPS:
		2083
		2084	tcp_connect $host, $port, sub {
		2085	my ($fh) = @_;
		2086
		2087	my $handle = new AnyEvent::Handle
		2088	fh => $fh,
		2089	peername => $host,
		2090	tls => "connect",
		2091	tls_ctx => { verify => 1, verify_peername => "https" },
		2092	...
		2093
		2094	Note that you must specify the hostname you connected to (or whatever
		2095	"peername" the protocol needs) as the C<peername> argument, otherwise no
		2096	peername verification will be done.
		2097
		2098	The above will use the system-dependent default set of trusted CA
		2099	certificates. If you want to check against a specific CA, add the
		2100	C<ca_file> (or C<ca_cert>) arguments to C<tls_ctx>:
		2101
		2102	tls_ctx => {
		2103	verify => 1,
		2104	verify_peername => "https",
		2105	ca_file => "my-ca-cert.pem",
		2106	},
		2107
		2108	=item I want to create a TLS/SSL server, how do I do that?
		2109
		2110	Well, you first need to get a server certificate and key. You have
		2111	three options: a) ask a CA (buy one, use cacert.org etc.) b) create a
		2112	self-signed certificate (cheap. check the search engine of your choice,
		2113	there are many tutorials on the net) or c) make your own CA (tinyca2 is a
		2114	nice program for that purpose).
		2115
		2116	Then create a file with your private key (in PEM format, see
		2117	L<AnyEvent::TLS>), followed by the certificate (also in PEM format). The
		2118	file should then look like this:
		2119
		2120	-----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----
		2121	...header data
		2122	... lots of base64'y-stuff
		2123	-----END RSA PRIVATE KEY-----
		2124
		2125	-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
		2126	... lots of base64'y-stuff
		2127	-----END CERTIFICATE-----
		2128
		2129	The important bits are the "PRIVATE KEY" and "CERTIFICATE" parts. Then
		2130	specify this file as C<cert_file>:
		2131
		2132	tcp_server undef, $port, sub {
		2133	my ($fh) = @_;
		2134
		2135	my $handle = new AnyEvent::Handle
		2136	fh => $fh,
		2137	tls => "accept",
		2138	tls_ctx => { cert_file => "my-server-keycert.pem" },
		2139	...
		2140
		2141	When you have intermediate CA certificates that your clients might not
		2142	know about, just append them to the C<cert_file>.
		2143
		2144	=back
		2145
1038		2146
1039	=head1 SUBCLASSING AnyEvent::Handle	2147	=head1 SUBCLASSING AnyEvent::Handle
1040		2148
1041	In many cases, you might want to subclass AnyEvent::Handle.	2149	In many cases, you might want to subclass AnyEvent::Handle.
1042		2150
…		…
1046	=over 4	2154	=over 4
1047		2155
1048	=item * all constructor arguments become object members.	2156	=item * all constructor arguments become object members.
1049		2157
1050	At least initially, when you pass a C<tls>-argument to the constructor it	2158	At least initially, when you pass a C<tls>-argument to the constructor it
1051	will end up in C<< $handle->{tls} >>. Those members might be changes or	2159	will end up in C<< $handle->{tls} >>. Those members might be changed or
1052	mutated later on (for example C<tls> will hold the TLS connection object).	2160	mutated later on (for example C<tls> will hold the TLS connection object).
1053		2161
1054	=item * other object member names are prefixed with an C<_>.	2162	=item * other object member names are prefixed with an C<_>.
1055		2163
1056	All object members not explicitly documented (internal use) are prefixed	2164	All object members not explicitly documented (internal use) are prefixed

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