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Revision 1.64 by root, Fri Jun 6 11:01:17 2008 UTC vs.
Revision 1.149 by root, Thu Jul 16 03:48:33 2009 UTC

1	package AnyEvent::Handle;	1	package AnyEvent::Handle;
2		2
3	no warnings;	3	no warnings;
4	use strict;	4	use strict qw(subs vars);
5		5
6	use AnyEvent ();	6	use AnyEvent ();
7	use AnyEvent::Util qw(WSAEWOULDBLOCK);	7	use AnyEvent::Util qw(WSAEWOULDBLOCK);
8	use Scalar::Util ();	8	use Scalar::Util ();
9	use Carp ();	9	use Carp ();
…		…
14		14
15	AnyEvent::Handle - non-blocking I/O on file handles via AnyEvent	15	AnyEvent::Handle - non-blocking I/O on file handles via AnyEvent
16		16
17	=cut	17	=cut
18		18
19	our $VERSION = 4.15;	19	our $VERSION = 4.82;
20		20
21	=head1 SYNOPSIS	21	=head1 SYNOPSIS
22		22
23	use AnyEvent;	23	use AnyEvent;
24	use AnyEvent::Handle;	24	use AnyEvent::Handle;
25		25
26	my $cv = AnyEvent->condvar;	26	my $cv = AnyEvent->condvar;
27		27
28	my $handle =	28	my $hdl; $hdl = new AnyEvent::Handle
29	AnyEvent::Handle->new (
30	fh => \*STDIN,	29	fh => \*STDIN,
31	on_eof => sub {	30	on_error => sub {
32	$cv->broadcast;	31	warn "got error $_[2]\n";
33	},	32	$cv->send;
34	);	33	);
35		34
36	# send some request line	35	# send some request line
37	$handle->push_write ("getinfo\015\012");	36	$hdl->push_write ("getinfo\015\012");
38		37
39	# read the response line	38	# read the response line
40	$handle->push_read (line => sub {	39	$hdl->push_read (line => sub {
41	my ($handle, $line) = @_;	40	my ($hdl, $line) = @_;
42	warn "read line <$line>\n";	41	warn "got line <$line>\n";
43	$cv->send;	42	$cv->send;
44	});	43	});
45		44
46	$cv->recv;	45	$cv->recv;
47		46
…		…
49		48
50	This module is a helper module to make it easier to do event-based I/O on	49	This module is a helper module to make it easier to do event-based I/O on
51	filehandles. For utility functions for doing non-blocking connects and accepts	50	filehandles. For utility functions for doing non-blocking connects and accepts
52	on sockets see L<AnyEvent::Util>.	51	on sockets see L<AnyEvent::Util>.
53		52
		53	The L<AnyEvent::Intro> tutorial contains some well-documented
		54	AnyEvent::Handle examples.
		55
54	In the following, when the documentation refers to of "bytes" then this	56	In the following, when the documentation refers to of "bytes" then this
55	means characters. As sysread and syswrite are used for all I/O, their	57	means characters. As sysread and syswrite are used for all I/O, their
56	treatment of characters applies to this module as well.	58	treatment of characters applies to this module as well.
57		59
58	All callbacks will be invoked with the handle object as their first	60	All callbacks will be invoked with the handle object as their first
…		…
60		62
61	=head1 METHODS	63	=head1 METHODS
62		64
63	=over 4	65	=over 4
64		66
65	=item B<new (%args)>	67	=item $handle = B<new> AnyEvent::TLS fh => $filehandle, key => value...
66		68
67	The constructor supports these arguments (all as key => value pairs).	69	The constructor supports these arguments (all as C<< key => value >> pairs).
68		70
69	=over 4	71	=over 4
70		72
71	=item fh => $filehandle [MANDATORY]	73	=item fh => $filehandle [MANDATORY]
72		74
73	The filehandle this L<AnyEvent::Handle> object will operate on.	75	The filehandle this L<AnyEvent::Handle> object will operate on.
74		76
75	NOTE: The filehandle will be set to non-blocking (using	77	NOTE: The filehandle will be set to non-blocking mode (using
76	AnyEvent::Util::fh_nonblocking).	78	C<AnyEvent::Util::fh_nonblocking>) by the constructor and needs to stay in
		79	that mode.
77		80
78	=item on_eof => $cb->($handle)	81	=item on_eof => $cb->($handle)
79		82
80	Set the callback to be called when an end-of-file condition is detcted,	83	Set the callback to be called when an end-of-file condition is detected,
81	i.e. in the case of a socket, when the other side has closed the	84	i.e. in the case of a socket, when the other side has closed the
82	connection cleanly.	85	connection cleanly.
83		86
		87	For sockets, this just means that the other side has stopped sending data,
		88	you can still try to write data, and, in fact, one can return from the EOF
		89	callback and continue writing data, as only the read part has been shut
		90	down.
		91
84	While not mandatory, it is highly recommended to set an eof callback,	92	While not mandatory, it is I<highly> recommended to set an EOF callback,
85	otherwise you might end up with a closed socket while you are still	93	otherwise you might end up with a closed socket while you are still
86	waiting for data.	94	waiting for data.
87		95
		96	If an EOF condition has been detected but no C<on_eof> callback has been
		97	set, then a fatal error will be raised with C<$!> set to <0>.
		98
88	=item on_error => $cb->($handle, $fatal)	99	=item on_error => $cb->($handle, $fatal, $message)
89		100
90	This is the error callback, which is called when, well, some error	101	This is the error callback, which is called when, well, some error
91	occured, such as not being able to resolve the hostname, failure to	102	occured, such as not being able to resolve the hostname, failure to
92	connect or a read error.	103	connect or a read error.
93		104
94	Some errors are fatal (which is indicated by C<$fatal> being true). On	105	Some errors are fatal (which is indicated by C<$fatal> being true). On
95	fatal errors the handle object will be shut down and will not be	106	fatal errors the handle object will be destroyed (by a call to C<< ->
		107	destroy >>) after invoking the error callback (which means you are free to
		108	examine the handle object). Examples of fatal errors are an EOF condition
		109	with active (but unsatisifable) read watchers (C<EPIPE>) or I/O errors.
		110
		111	AnyEvent::Handle tries to find an appropriate error code for you to check
		112	against, but in some cases (TLS errors), this does not work well. It is
		113	recommended to always output the C<$message> argument in human-readable
		114	error messages (it's usually the same as C<"$!">).
		115
96	usable. Non-fatal errors can be retried by simply returning, but it is	116	Non-fatal errors can be retried by simply returning, but it is recommended
97	recommended to simply ignore this parameter and instead abondon the handle	117	to simply ignore this parameter and instead abondon the handle object
98	object when this callback is invoked.	118	when this callback is invoked. Examples of non-fatal errors are timeouts
		119	C<ETIMEDOUT>) or badly-formatted data (C<EBADMSG>).
99		120
100	On callback entrance, the value of C<$!> contains the operating system	121	On callback entrance, the value of C<$!> contains the operating system
101	error (or C<ENOSPC>, C<EPIPE>, C<ETIMEDOUT> or C<EBADMSG>).	122	error code (or C<ENOSPC>, C<EPIPE>, C<ETIMEDOUT>, C<EBADMSG> or
		123	C<EPROTO>).
102		124
103	While not mandatory, it is I<highly> recommended to set this callback, as	125	While not mandatory, it is I<highly> recommended to set this callback, as
104	you will not be notified of errors otherwise. The default simply calls	126	you will not be notified of errors otherwise. The default simply calls
105	C<croak>.	127	C<croak>.
106		128
…		…
110	and no read request is in the queue (unlike read queue callbacks, this	132	and no read request is in the queue (unlike read queue callbacks, this
111	callback will only be called when at least one octet of data is in the	133	callback will only be called when at least one octet of data is in the
112	read buffer).	134	read buffer).
113		135
114	To access (and remove data from) the read buffer, use the C<< ->rbuf >>	136	To access (and remove data from) the read buffer, use the C<< ->rbuf >>
115	method or access the C<$handle->{rbuf}> member directly.	137	method or access the C<< $handle->{rbuf} >> member directly. Note that you
		138	must not enlarge or modify the read buffer, you can only remove data at
		139	the beginning from it.
116		140
117	When an EOF condition is detected then AnyEvent::Handle will first try to	141	When an EOF condition is detected then AnyEvent::Handle will first try to
118	feed all the remaining data to the queued callbacks and C<on_read> before	142	feed all the remaining data to the queued callbacks and C<on_read> before
119	calling the C<on_eof> callback. If no progress can be made, then a fatal	143	calling the C<on_eof> callback. If no progress can be made, then a fatal
120	error will be raised (with C<$!> set to C<EPIPE>).	144	error will be raised (with C<$!> set to C<EPIPE>).
…		…
124	This sets the callback that is called when the write buffer becomes empty	148	This sets the callback that is called when the write buffer becomes empty
125	(or when the callback is set and the buffer is empty already).	149	(or when the callback is set and the buffer is empty already).
126		150
127	To append to the write buffer, use the C<< ->push_write >> method.	151	To append to the write buffer, use the C<< ->push_write >> method.
128		152
		153	This callback is useful when you don't want to put all of your write data
		154	into the queue at once, for example, when you want to write the contents
		155	of some file to the socket you might not want to read the whole file into
		156	memory and push it into the queue, but instead only read more data from
		157	the file when the write queue becomes empty.
		158
129	=item timeout => $fractional_seconds	159	=item timeout => $fractional_seconds
130		160
131	If non-zero, then this enables an "inactivity" timeout: whenever this many	161	If non-zero, then this enables an "inactivity" timeout: whenever this many
132	seconds pass without a successful read or write on the underlying file	162	seconds pass without a successful read or write on the underlying file
133	handle, the C<on_timeout> callback will be invoked (and if that one is	163	handle, the C<on_timeout> callback will be invoked (and if that one is
134	missing, an C<ETIMEDOUT> error will be raised).	164	missing, a non-fatal C<ETIMEDOUT> error will be raised).
135		165
136	Note that timeout processing is also active when you currently do not have	166	Note that timeout processing is also active when you currently do not have
137	any outstanding read or write requests: If you plan to keep the connection	167	any outstanding read or write requests: If you plan to keep the connection
138	idle then you should disable the timout temporarily or ignore the timeout	168	idle then you should disable the timout temporarily or ignore the timeout
139	in the C<on_timeout> callback.	169	in the C<on_timeout> callback, in which case AnyEvent::Handle will simply
		170	restart the timeout.
140		171
141	Zero (the default) disables this timeout.	172	Zero (the default) disables this timeout.
142		173
143	=item on_timeout => $cb->($handle)	174	=item on_timeout => $cb->($handle)
144		175
…		…
148		179
149	=item rbuf_max => <bytes>	180	=item rbuf_max => <bytes>
150		181
151	If defined, then a fatal error will be raised (with C<$!> set to C<ENOSPC>)	182	If defined, then a fatal error will be raised (with C<$!> set to C<ENOSPC>)
152	when the read buffer ever (strictly) exceeds this size. This is useful to	183	when the read buffer ever (strictly) exceeds this size. This is useful to
153	avoid denial-of-service attacks.	184	avoid some forms of denial-of-service attacks.
154		185
155	For example, a server accepting connections from untrusted sources should	186	For example, a server accepting connections from untrusted sources should
156	be configured to accept only so-and-so much data that it cannot act on	187	be configured to accept only so-and-so much data that it cannot act on
157	(for example, when expecting a line, an attacker could send an unlimited	188	(for example, when expecting a line, an attacker could send an unlimited
158	amount of data without a callback ever being called as long as the line	189	amount of data without a callback ever being called as long as the line
159	isn't finished).	190	isn't finished).
160		191
		192	=item autocork => <boolean>
		193
		194	When disabled (the default), then C<push_write> will try to immediately
		195	write the data to the handle, if possible. This avoids having to register
		196	a write watcher and wait for the next event loop iteration, but can
		197	be inefficient if you write multiple small chunks (on the wire, this
		198	disadvantage is usually avoided by your kernel's nagle algorithm, see
		199	C<no_delay>, but this option can save costly syscalls).
		200
		201	When enabled, then writes will always be queued till the next event loop
		202	iteration. This is efficient when you do many small writes per iteration,
		203	but less efficient when you do a single write only per iteration (or when
		204	the write buffer often is full). It also increases write latency.
		205
		206	=item no_delay => <boolean>
		207
		208	When doing small writes on sockets, your operating system kernel might
		209	wait a bit for more data before actually sending it out. This is called
		210	the Nagle algorithm, and usually it is beneficial.
		211
		212	In some situations you want as low a delay as possible, which can be
		213	accomplishd by setting this option to a true value.
		214
		215	The default is your opertaing system's default behaviour (most likely
		216	enabled), this option explicitly enables or disables it, if possible.
		217
161	=item read_size => <bytes>	218	=item read_size => <bytes>
162		219
163	The default read block size (the amount of bytes this module will try to read	220	The default read block size (the amount of bytes this module will
164	during each (loop iteration). Default: C<8192>.	221	try to read during each loop iteration, which affects memory
		222	requirements). Default: C<8192>.
165		223
166	=item low_water_mark => <bytes>	224	=item low_water_mark => <bytes>
167		225
168	Sets the amount of bytes (default: C<0>) that make up an "empty" write	226	Sets the amount of bytes (default: C<0>) that make up an "empty" write
169	buffer: If the write reaches this size or gets even samller it is	227	buffer: If the write reaches this size or gets even samller it is
170	considered empty.	228	considered empty.
171		229
		230	Sometimes it can be beneficial (for performance reasons) to add data to
		231	the write buffer before it is fully drained, but this is a rare case, as
		232	the operating system kernel usually buffers data as well, so the default
		233	is good in almost all cases.
		234
172	=item linger => <seconds>	235	=item linger => <seconds>
173		236
174	If non-zero (default: C<3600>), then the destructor of the	237	If non-zero (default: C<3600>), then the destructor of the
175	AnyEvent::Handle object will check wether there is still outstanding write	238	AnyEvent::Handle object will check whether there is still outstanding
176	data and will install a watcher that will write out this data. No errors	239	write data and will install a watcher that will write this data to the
177	will be reported (this mostly matches how the operating system treats	240	socket. No errors will be reported (this mostly matches how the operating
178	outstanding data at socket close time).	241	system treats outstanding data at socket close time).
179		242
180	This will not work for partial TLS data that could not yet been	243	This will not work for partial TLS data that could not be encoded
181	encoded. This data will be lost.	244	yet. This data will be lost. Calling the C<stoptls> method in time might
		245	help.
		246
		247	=item peername => $string
		248
		249	A string used to identify the remote site - usually the DNS hostname
		250	(I<not> IDN!) used to create the connection, rarely the IP address.
		251
		252	Apart from being useful in error messages, this string is also used in TLS
		253	peername verification (see C<verify_peername> in L<AnyEvent::TLS>). This
		254	verification will be skipped when C<peername> is not specified or
		255	C<undef>.
182		256
183	=item tls => "accept" | "connect" | Net::SSLeay::SSL object	257	=item tls => "accept" | "connect" | Net::SSLeay::SSL object
184		258
185	When this parameter is given, it enables TLS (SSL) mode, that means it	259	When this parameter is given, it enables TLS (SSL) mode, that means
186	will start making tls handshake and will transparently encrypt/decrypt	260	AnyEvent will start a TLS handshake as soon as the conenction has been
187	data.	261	established and will transparently encrypt/decrypt data afterwards.
		262
		263	All TLS protocol errors will be signalled as C<EPROTO>, with an
		264	appropriate error message.
188		265
189	TLS mode requires Net::SSLeay to be installed (it will be loaded	266	TLS mode requires Net::SSLeay to be installed (it will be loaded
190	automatically when you try to create a TLS handle).	267	automatically when you try to create a TLS handle): this module doesn't
		268	have a dependency on that module, so if your module requires it, you have
		269	to add the dependency yourself.
191		270
192	For the TLS server side, use C<accept>, and for the TLS client side of a	271	Unlike TCP, TLS has a server and client side: for the TLS server side, use
193	connection, use C<connect> mode.	272	C<accept>, and for the TLS client side of a connection, use C<connect>
		273	mode.
194		274
195	You can also provide your own TLS connection object, but you have	275	You can also provide your own TLS connection object, but you have
196	to make sure that you call either C<Net::SSLeay::set_connect_state>	276	to make sure that you call either C<Net::SSLeay::set_connect_state>
197	or C<Net::SSLeay::set_accept_state> on it before you pass it to	277	or C<Net::SSLeay::set_accept_state> on it before you pass it to
198	AnyEvent::Handle.	278	AnyEvent::Handle. Also, this module will take ownership of this connection
		279	object.
199		280
		281	At some future point, AnyEvent::Handle might switch to another TLS
		282	implementation, then the option to use your own session object will go
		283	away.
		284
		285	B<IMPORTANT:> since Net::SSLeay "objects" are really only integers,
		286	passing in the wrong integer will lead to certain crash. This most often
		287	happens when one uses a stylish C<< tls => 1 >> and is surprised about the
		288	segmentation fault.
		289
200	See the C<starttls> method if you need to start TLs negotiation later.	290	See the C<< ->starttls >> method for when need to start TLS negotiation later.
201		291
202	=item tls_ctx => $ssl_ctx	292	=item tls_ctx => $anyevent_tls
203		293
204	Use the given Net::SSLeay::CTX object to create the new TLS connection	294	Use the given C<AnyEvent::TLS> object to create the new TLS connection
205	(unless a connection object was specified directly). If this parameter is	295	(unless a connection object was specified directly). If this parameter is
206	missing, then AnyEvent::Handle will use C<AnyEvent::Handle::TLS_CTX>.	296	missing, then AnyEvent::Handle will use C<AnyEvent::Handle::TLS_CTX>.
207		297
		298	Instead of an object, you can also specify a hash reference with C<< key
		299	=> value >> pairs. Those will be passed to L<AnyEvent::TLS> to create a
		300	new TLS context object.
		301
		302	=item on_starttls => $cb->($handle, $success[, $error_message])
		303
		304	This callback will be invoked when the TLS/SSL handshake has finished. If
		305	C<$success> is true, then the TLS handshake succeeded, otherwise it failed
		306	(C<on_stoptls> will not be called in this case).
		307
		308	The session in C<< $handle->{tls} >> can still be examined in this
		309	callback, even when the handshake was not successful.
		310
		311	TLS handshake failures will not cause C<on_error> to be invoked when this
		312	callback is in effect, instead, the error message will be passed to C<on_starttls>.
		313
		314	Without this callback, handshake failures lead to C<on_error> being
		315	called, as normal.
		316
		317	Note that you cannot call C<starttls> right again in this callback. If you
		318	need to do that, start an zero-second timer instead whose callback can
		319	then call C<< ->starttls >> again.
		320
		321	=item on_stoptls => $cb->($handle)
		322
		323	When a SSLv3/TLS shutdown/close notify/EOF is detected and this callback is
		324	set, then it will be invoked after freeing the TLS session. If it is not,
		325	then a TLS shutdown condition will be treated like a normal EOF condition
		326	on the handle.
		327
		328	The session in C<< $handle->{tls} >> can still be examined in this
		329	callback.
		330
		331	This callback will only be called on TLS shutdowns, not when the
		332	underlying handle signals EOF.
		333
208	=item json => JSON or JSON::XS object	334	=item json => JSON or JSON::XS object
209		335
210	This is the json coder object used by the C<json> read and write types.	336	This is the json coder object used by the C<json> read and write types.
211		337
212	If you don't supply it, then AnyEvent::Handle will create and use a	338	If you don't supply it, then AnyEvent::Handle will create and use a
213	suitable one, which will write and expect UTF-8 encoded JSON texts.	339	suitable one (on demand), which will write and expect UTF-8 encoded JSON
		340	texts.
214		341
215	Note that you are responsible to depend on the JSON module if you want to	342	Note that you are responsible to depend on the JSON module if you want to
216	use this functionality, as AnyEvent does not have a dependency itself.	343	use this functionality, as AnyEvent does not have a dependency itself.
217		344
218	=item filter_r => $cb
219
220	=item filter_w => $cb
221
222	These exist, but are undocumented at this time.
223
224	=back	345	=back
225		346
226	=cut	347	=cut
227		348
228	sub new {	349	sub new {
229	my $class = shift;	350	my $class = shift;
230
231	my $self = bless { @_ }, $class;	351	my $self = bless { @_ }, $class;
232		352
233	$self->{fh} or Carp::croak "mandatory argument fh is missing";	353	$self->{fh} or Carp::croak "mandatory argument fh is missing";
234		354
235	AnyEvent::Util::fh_nonblocking $self->{fh}, 1;	355	AnyEvent::Util::fh_nonblocking $self->{fh}, 1;
236
237	if ($self->{tls}) {
238	require Net::SSLeay;
239	$self->starttls (delete $self->{tls}, delete $self->{tls_ctx});
240	}
241		356
242	$self->{_activity} = AnyEvent->now;	357	$self->{_activity} = AnyEvent->now;
243	$self->_timeout;	358	$self->_timeout;
244		359
		360	$self->no_delay (delete $self->{no_delay}) if exists $self->{no_delay};
		361
		362	$self->starttls (delete $self->{tls}, delete $self->{tls_ctx})
		363	if $self->{tls};
		364
245	$self->on_drain (delete $self->{on_drain}) if $self->{on_drain};	365	$self->on_drain (delete $self->{on_drain}) if $self->{on_drain};
246		366
247	$self	367	$self->start_read
248	}	368	if $self->{on_read};
249		369
		370	$self->{fh} && $self
		371	}
		372
250	sub _shutdown {	373	#sub _shutdown {
251	my ($self) = @_;	374	# my ($self) = @_;
252		375	#
253	delete $self->{_tw};	376	# delete @$self{qw(_tw _rw _ww fh wbuf on_read _queue)};
254	delete $self->{_rw};	377	# $self->{_eof} = 1; # tell starttls et. al to stop trying
255	delete $self->{_ww};	378	#
256	delete $self->{fh};	379	# &_freetls;
257		380	#}
258	$self->stoptls;
259	}
260		381
261	sub _error {	382	sub _error {
262	my ($self, $errno, $fatal) = @_;	383	my ($self, $errno, $fatal, $message) = @_;
263
264	$self->_shutdown
265	if $fatal;
266		384
267	$! = $errno;	385	$! = $errno;
		386	$message ||= "$!";
268		387
269	if ($self->{on_error}) {	388	if ($self->{on_error}) {
270	$self->{on_error}($self, $fatal);	389	$self->{on_error}($self, $fatal, $message);
271	} else {	390	$self->destroy;
		391	} elsif ($self->{fh}) {
		392	$self->destroy;
272	Carp::croak "AnyEvent::Handle uncaught error: $!";	393	Carp::croak "AnyEvent::Handle uncaught error: $message";
273	}	394	}
274	}	395	}
275		396
276	=item $fh = $handle->fh	397	=item $fh = $handle->fh
277		398
278	This method returns the file handle of the L<AnyEvent::Handle> object.	399	This method returns the file handle used to create the L<AnyEvent::Handle> object.
279		400
280	=cut	401	=cut
281		402
282	sub fh { $_[0]{fh} }	403	sub fh { $_[0]{fh} }
283		404
…		…
301	$_[0]{on_eof} = $_[1];	422	$_[0]{on_eof} = $_[1];
302	}	423	}
303		424
304	=item $handle->on_timeout ($cb)	425	=item $handle->on_timeout ($cb)
305		426
306	Replace the current C<on_timeout> callback, or disables the callback	427	Replace the current C<on_timeout> callback, or disables the callback (but
307	(but not the timeout) if C<$cb> = C<undef>. See C<timeout> constructor	428	not the timeout) if C<$cb> = C<undef>. See the C<timeout> constructor
308	argument.	429	argument and method.
309		430
310	=cut	431	=cut
311		432
312	sub on_timeout {	433	sub on_timeout {
313	$_[0]{on_timeout} = $_[1];	434	$_[0]{on_timeout} = $_[1];
		435	}
		436
		437	=item $handle->autocork ($boolean)
		438
		439	Enables or disables the current autocork behaviour (see C<autocork>
		440	constructor argument). Changes will only take effect on the next write.
		441
		442	=cut
		443
		444	sub autocork {
		445	$_[0]{autocork} = $_[1];
		446	}
		447
		448	=item $handle->no_delay ($boolean)
		449
		450	Enables or disables the C<no_delay> setting (see constructor argument of
		451	the same name for details).
		452
		453	=cut
		454
		455	sub no_delay {
		456	$_[0]{no_delay} = $_[1];
		457
		458	eval {
		459	local $SIG{__DIE__};
		460	setsockopt $_[0]{fh}, &Socket::IPPROTO_TCP, &Socket::TCP_NODELAY, int $_[1];
		461	};
		462	}
		463
		464	=item $handle->on_starttls ($cb)
		465
		466	Replace the current C<on_starttls> callback (see the C<on_starttls> constructor argument).
		467
		468	=cut
		469
		470	sub on_starttls {
		471	$_[0]{on_starttls} = $_[1];
		472	}
		473
		474	=item $handle->on_stoptls ($cb)
		475
		476	Replace the current C<on_stoptls> callback (see the C<on_stoptls> constructor argument).
		477
		478	=cut
		479
		480	sub on_starttls {
		481	$_[0]{on_stoptls} = $_[1];
314	}	482	}
315		483
316	#############################################################################	484	#############################################################################
317		485
318	=item $handle->timeout ($seconds)	486	=item $handle->timeout ($seconds)
…		…
396	my ($self, $cb) = @_;	564	my ($self, $cb) = @_;
397		565
398	$self->{on_drain} = $cb;	566	$self->{on_drain} = $cb;
399		567
400	$cb->($self)	568	$cb->($self)
401	if $cb && $self->{low_water_mark} >= length $self->{wbuf};	569	if $cb && $self->{low_water_mark} >= (length $self->{wbuf}) + (length $self->{_tls_wbuf});
402	}	570	}
403		571
404	=item $handle->push_write ($data)	572	=item $handle->push_write ($data)
405		573
406	Queues the given scalar to be written. You can push as much data as you	574	Queues the given scalar to be written. You can push as much data as you
…		…
417	Scalar::Util::weaken $self;	585	Scalar::Util::weaken $self;
418		586
419	my $cb = sub {	587	my $cb = sub {
420	my $len = syswrite $self->{fh}, $self->{wbuf};	588	my $len = syswrite $self->{fh}, $self->{wbuf};
421		589
422	if ($len >= 0) {	590	if (defined $len) {
423	substr $self->{wbuf}, 0, $len, "";	591	substr $self->{wbuf}, 0, $len, "";
424		592
425	$self->{_activity} = AnyEvent->now;	593	$self->{_activity} = AnyEvent->now;
426		594
427	$self->{on_drain}($self)	595	$self->{on_drain}($self)
428	if $self->{low_water_mark} >= length $self->{wbuf}	596	if $self->{low_water_mark} >= (length $self->{wbuf}) + (length $self->{_tls_wbuf})
429	&& $self->{on_drain};	597	&& $self->{on_drain};
430		598
431	delete $self->{_ww} unless length $self->{wbuf};	599	delete $self->{_ww} unless length $self->{wbuf};
432	} elsif ($! != EAGAIN && $! != EINTR && $! != WSAEWOULDBLOCK) {	600	} elsif ($! != EAGAIN && $! != EINTR && $! != WSAEWOULDBLOCK) {
433	$self->_error ($!, 1);	601	$self->_error ($!, 1);
434	}	602	}
435	};	603	};
436		604
437	# try to write data immediately	605	# try to write data immediately
438	$cb->();	606	$cb->() unless $self->{autocork};
439		607
440	# if still data left in wbuf, we need to poll	608	# if still data left in wbuf, we need to poll
441	$self->{_ww} = AnyEvent->io (fh => $self->{fh}, poll => "w", cb => $cb)	609	$self->{_ww} = AnyEvent->io (fh => $self->{fh}, poll => "w", cb => $cb)
442	if length $self->{wbuf};	610	if length $self->{wbuf};
443	};	611	};
…		…
457		625
458	@_ = ($WH{$type} or Carp::croak "unsupported type passed to AnyEvent::Handle::push_write")	626	@_ = ($WH{$type} or Carp::croak "unsupported type passed to AnyEvent::Handle::push_write")
459	->($self, @_);	627	->($self, @_);
460	}	628	}
461		629
462	if ($self->{filter_w}) {	630	if ($self->{tls}) {
463	$self->{filter_w}($self, \$_[0]);	631	$self->{_tls_wbuf} .= $_[0];
		632
		633	&_dotls ($self);
464	} else {	634	} else {
465	$self->{wbuf} .= $_[0];	635	$self->{wbuf} .= $_[0];
466	$self->_drain_wbuf;	636	$self->_drain_wbuf;
467	}	637	}
468	}	638	}
…		…
485	=cut	655	=cut
486		656
487	register_write_type netstring => sub {	657	register_write_type netstring => sub {
488	my ($self, $string) = @_;	658	my ($self, $string) = @_;
489		659
490	sprintf "%d:%s,", (length $string), $string	660	(length $string) . ":$string,"
491	};	661	};
492		662
493	=item packstring => $format, $data	663	=item packstring => $format, $data
494		664
495	An octet string prefixed with an encoded length. The encoding C<$format>	665	An octet string prefixed with an encoded length. The encoding C<$format>
…		…
500	=cut	670	=cut
501		671
502	register_write_type packstring => sub {	672	register_write_type packstring => sub {
503	my ($self, $format, $string) = @_;	673	my ($self, $format, $string) = @_;
504		674
505	pack "$format/a", $string	675	pack "$format/a*", $string
506	};	676	};
507		677
508	=item json => $array_or_hashref	678	=item json => $array_or_hashref
509		679
510	Encodes the given hash or array reference into a JSON object. Unless you	680	Encodes the given hash or array reference into a JSON object. Unless you
…		…
556	register_write_type storable => sub {	726	register_write_type storable => sub {
557	my ($self, $ref) = @_;	727	my ($self, $ref) = @_;
558		728
559	require Storable;	729	require Storable;
560		730
561	pack "w/a", Storable::nfreeze ($ref)	731	pack "w/a*", Storable::nfreeze ($ref)
562	};	732	};
563		733
564	=back	734	=back
		735
		736	=item $handle->push_shutdown
		737
		738	Sometimes you know you want to close the socket after writing your data
		739	before it was actually written. One way to do that is to replace your
		740	C<on_drain> handler by a callback that shuts down the socket (and set
		741	C<low_water_mark> to C<0>). This method is a shorthand for just that, and
		742	replaces the C<on_drain> callback with:
		743
		744	sub { shutdown $_[0]{fh}, 1 } # for push_shutdown
		745
		746	This simply shuts down the write side and signals an EOF condition to the
		747	the peer.
		748
		749	You can rely on the normal read queue and C<on_eof> handling
		750	afterwards. This is the cleanest way to close a connection.
		751
		752	=cut
		753
		754	sub push_shutdown {
		755	my ($self) = @_;
		756
		757	delete $self->{low_water_mark};
		758	$self->on_drain (sub { shutdown $_[0]{fh}, 1 });
		759	}
565		760
566	=item AnyEvent::Handle::register_write_type type => $coderef->($handle, @args)	761	=item AnyEvent::Handle::register_write_type type => $coderef->($handle, @args)
567		762
568	This function (not method) lets you add your own types to C<push_write>.	763	This function (not method) lets you add your own types to C<push_write>.
569	Whenever the given C<type> is used, C<push_write> will invoke the code	764	Whenever the given C<type> is used, C<push_write> will invoke the code
…		…
590	ways, the "simple" way, using only C<on_read> and the "complex" way, using	785	ways, the "simple" way, using only C<on_read> and the "complex" way, using
591	a queue.	786	a queue.
592		787
593	In the simple case, you just install an C<on_read> callback and whenever	788	In the simple case, you just install an C<on_read> callback and whenever
594	new data arrives, it will be called. You can then remove some data (if	789	new data arrives, it will be called. You can then remove some data (if
595	enough is there) from the read buffer (C<< $handle->rbuf >>) if you want	790	enough is there) from the read buffer (C<< $handle->rbuf >>). Or you cna
596	or not.	791	leave the data there if you want to accumulate more (e.g. when only a
		792	partial message has been received so far).
597		793
598	In the more complex case, you want to queue multiple callbacks. In this	794	In the more complex case, you want to queue multiple callbacks. In this
599	case, AnyEvent::Handle will call the first queued callback each time new	795	case, AnyEvent::Handle will call the first queued callback each time new
600	data arrives (also the first time it is queued) and removes it when it has	796	data arrives (also the first time it is queued) and removes it when it has
601	done its job (see C<push_read>, below).	797	done its job (see C<push_read>, below).
…		…
619	# handle xml	815	# handle xml
620	});	816	});
621	});	817	});
622	});	818	});
623		819
624	Example 2: Implement a client for a protocol that replies either with	820	Example 2: Implement a client for a protocol that replies either with "OK"
625	"OK" and another line or "ERROR" for one request, and 64 bytes for the	821	and another line or "ERROR" for the first request that is sent, and 64
626	second request. Due tot he availability of a full queue, we can just	822	bytes for the second request. Due to the availability of a queue, we can
627	pipeline sending both requests and manipulate the queue as necessary in	823	just pipeline sending both requests and manipulate the queue as necessary
628	the callbacks:	824	in the callbacks.
629		825
630	# request one	826	When the first callback is called and sees an "OK" response, it will
		827	C<unshift> another line-read. This line-read will be queued I<before> the
		828	64-byte chunk callback.
		829
		830	# request one, returns either "OK + extra line" or "ERROR"
631	$handle->push_write ("request 1\015\012");	831	$handle->push_write ("request 1\015\012");
632		832
633	# we expect "ERROR" or "OK" as response, so push a line read	833	# we expect "ERROR" or "OK" as response, so push a line read
634	$handle->push_read (line => sub {	834	$handle->push_read (line => sub {
635	# if we got an "OK", we have to _prepend_ another line,	835	# if we got an "OK", we have to _prepend_ another line,
…		…
642	...	842	...
643	});	843	});
644	}	844	}
645	});	845	});
646		846
647	# request two	847	# request two, simply returns 64 octets
648	$handle->push_write ("request 2\015\012");	848	$handle->push_write ("request 2\015\012");
649		849
650	# simply read 64 bytes, always	850	# simply read 64 bytes, always
651	$handle->push_read (chunk => 64, sub {	851	$handle->push_read (chunk => 64, sub {
652	my $response = $_[1];	852	my $response = $_[1];
…		…
664		864
665	if (	865	if (
666	defined $self->{rbuf_max}	866	defined $self->{rbuf_max}
667	&& $self->{rbuf_max} < length $self->{rbuf}	867	&& $self->{rbuf_max} < length $self->{rbuf}
668	) {	868	) {
669	return $self->_error (&Errno::ENOSPC, 1);	869	$self->_error (&Errno::ENOSPC, 1), return;
670	}	870	}
671		871
672	while () {	872	while () {
673	no strict 'refs';	873	# we need to use a separate tls read buffer, as we must not receive data while
		874	# we are draining the buffer, and this can only happen with TLS.
		875	$self->{rbuf} .= delete $self->{_tls_rbuf} if exists $self->{_tls_rbuf};
674		876
675	my $len = length $self->{rbuf};	877	my $len = length $self->{rbuf};
676		878
677	if (my $cb = shift @{ $self->{_queue} }) {	879	if (my $cb = shift @{ $self->{_queue} }) {
678	unless ($cb->($self)) {	880	unless ($cb->($self)) {
679	if ($self->{_eof}) {	881	if ($self->{_eof}) {
680	# no progress can be made (not enough data and no data forthcoming)	882	# no progress can be made (not enough data and no data forthcoming)
681	$self->_error (&Errno::EPIPE, 1), last;	883	$self->_error (&Errno::EPIPE, 1), return;
682	}	884	}
683		885
684	unshift @{ $self->{_queue} }, $cb;	886	unshift @{ $self->{_queue} }, $cb;
685	last;	887	last;
686	}	888	}
…		…
694	&& !@{ $self->{_queue} } # and the queue is still empty	896	&& !@{ $self->{_queue} } # and the queue is still empty
695	&& $self->{on_read} # but we still have on_read	897	&& $self->{on_read} # but we still have on_read
696	) {	898	) {
697	# no further data will arrive	899	# no further data will arrive
698	# so no progress can be made	900	# so no progress can be made
699	$self->_error (&Errno::EPIPE, 1), last	901	$self->_error (&Errno::EPIPE, 1), return
700	if $self->{_eof};	902	if $self->{_eof};
701		903
702	last; # more data might arrive	904	last; # more data might arrive
703	}	905	}
704	} else {	906	} else {
705	# read side becomes idle	907	# read side becomes idle
706	delete $self->{_rw};	908	delete $self->{_rw} unless $self->{tls};
707	last;	909	last;
708	}	910	}
709	}	911	}
710		912
		913	if ($self->{_eof}) {
		914	if ($self->{on_eof}) {
711	$self->{on_eof}($self)	915	$self->{on_eof}($self)
712	if $self->{_eof} && $self->{on_eof};	916	} else {
		917	$self->_error (0, 1, "Unexpected end-of-file");
		918	}
		919	}
713		920
714	# may need to restart read watcher	921	# may need to restart read watcher
715	unless ($self->{_rw}) {	922	unless ($self->{_rw}) {
716	$self->start_read	923	$self->start_read
717	if $self->{on_read} || @{ $self->{_queue} };	924	if $self->{on_read} || @{ $self->{_queue} };
…		…
735		942
736	=item $handle->rbuf	943	=item $handle->rbuf
737		944
738	Returns the read buffer (as a modifiable lvalue).	945	Returns the read buffer (as a modifiable lvalue).
739		946
740	You can access the read buffer directly as the C<< ->{rbuf} >> member, if	947	You can access the read buffer directly as the C<< ->{rbuf} >>
741	you want.	948	member, if you want. However, the only operation allowed on the
		949	read buffer (apart from looking at it) is removing data from its
		950	beginning. Otherwise modifying or appending to it is not allowed and will
		951	lead to hard-to-track-down bugs.
742		952
743	NOTE: The read buffer should only be used or modified if the C<on_read>,	953	NOTE: The read buffer should only be used or modified if the C<on_read>,
744	C<push_read> or C<unshift_read> methods are used. The other read methods	954	C<push_read> or C<unshift_read> methods are used. The other read methods
745	automatically manage the read buffer.	955	automatically manage the read buffer.
746		956
…		…
843	$cb->($_[0], substr $_[0]{rbuf}, 0, $len, "");	1053	$cb->($_[0], substr $_[0]{rbuf}, 0, $len, "");
844	1	1054	1
845	}	1055	}
846	};	1056	};
847		1057
848	# compatibility with older API
849	sub push_read_chunk {
850	$_[0]->push_read (chunk => $_[1], $_[2]);
851	}
852
853	sub unshift_read_chunk {
854	$_[0]->unshift_read (chunk => $_[1], $_[2]);
855	}
856
857	=item line => [$eol, ]$cb->($handle, $line, $eol)	1058	=item line => [$eol, ]$cb->($handle, $line, $eol)
858		1059
859	The callback will be called only once a full line (including the end of	1060	The callback will be called only once a full line (including the end of
860	line marker, C<$eol>) has been read. This line (excluding the end of line	1061	line marker, C<$eol>) has been read. This line (excluding the end of line
861	marker) will be passed to the callback as second argument (C<$line>), and	1062	marker) will be passed to the callback as second argument (C<$line>), and
…		…
876	=cut	1077	=cut
877		1078
878	register_read_type line => sub {	1079	register_read_type line => sub {
879	my ($self, $cb, $eol) = @_;	1080	my ($self, $cb, $eol) = @_;
880		1081
881	$eol = qr|(\015?\012)| if @_ < 3;	1082	if (@_ < 3) {
		1083	# this is more than twice as fast as the generic code below
		1084	sub {
		1085	$_[0]{rbuf} =~ s/^([^\015\012]*)(\015?\012)// or return;
		1086
		1087	$cb->($_[0], $1, $2);
		1088	1
		1089	}
		1090	} else {
882	$eol = quotemeta $eol unless ref $eol;	1091	$eol = quotemeta $eol unless ref $eol;
883	$eol = qr|^(.*?)($eol)|s;	1092	$eol = qr|^(.*?)($eol)|s;
884		1093
885	sub {	1094	sub {
886	$_[0]{rbuf} =~ s/$eol// or return;	1095	$_[0]{rbuf} =~ s/$eol// or return;
887		1096
888	$cb->($_[0], $1, $2);	1097	$cb->($_[0], $1, $2);
		1098	1
889	1	1099	}
890	}	1100	}
891	};	1101	};
892
893	# compatibility with older API
894	sub push_read_line {
895	my $self = shift;
896	$self->push_read (line => @_);
897	}
898
899	sub unshift_read_line {
900	my $self = shift;
901	$self->unshift_read (line => @_);
902	}
903		1102
904	=item regex => $accept[, $reject[, $skip], $cb->($handle, $data)	1103	=item regex => $accept[, $reject[, $skip], $cb->($handle, $data)
905		1104
906	Makes a regex match against the regex object C<$accept> and returns	1105	Makes a regex match against the regex object C<$accept> and returns
907	everything up to and including the match.	1106	everything up to and including the match.
…		…
1012	An octet string prefixed with an encoded length. The encoding C<$format>	1211	An octet string prefixed with an encoded length. The encoding C<$format>
1013	uses the same format as a Perl C<pack> format, but must specify a single	1212	uses the same format as a Perl C<pack> format, but must specify a single
1014	integer only (only one of C<cCsSlLqQiInNvVjJw> is allowed, plus an	1213	integer only (only one of C<cCsSlLqQiInNvVjJw> is allowed, plus an
1015	optional C<!>, C<< < >> or C<< > >> modifier).	1214	optional C<!>, C<< < >> or C<< > >> modifier).
1016		1215
1017	DNS over TCP uses a prefix of C<n>, EPP uses a prefix of C<N>.	1216	For example, DNS over TCP uses a prefix of C<n> (2 octet network order),
		1217	EPP uses a prefix of C<N> (4 octtes).
1018		1218
1019	Example: read a block of data prefixed by its length in BER-encoded	1219	Example: read a block of data prefixed by its length in BER-encoded
1020	format (very efficient).	1220	format (very efficient).
1021		1221
1022	$handle->push_read (packstring => "w", sub {	1222	$handle->push_read (packstring => "w", sub {
…		…
1028	register_read_type packstring => sub {	1228	register_read_type packstring => sub {
1029	my ($self, $cb, $format) = @_;	1229	my ($self, $cb, $format) = @_;
1030		1230
1031	sub {	1231	sub {
1032	# when we can use 5.10 we can use ".", but for 5.8 we use the re-pack method	1232	# when we can use 5.10 we can use ".", but for 5.8 we use the re-pack method
1033	defined (my $len = eval { unpack $format, $_[0]->{rbuf} })	1233	defined (my $len = eval { unpack $format, $_[0]{rbuf} })
1034	or return;	1234	or return;
1035		1235
		1236	$format = length pack $format, $len;
		1237
		1238	# bypass unshift if we already have the remaining chunk
		1239	if ($format + $len <= length $_[0]{rbuf}) {
		1240	my $data = substr $_[0]{rbuf}, $format, $len;
		1241	substr $_[0]{rbuf}, 0, $format + $len, "";
		1242	$cb->($_[0], $data);
		1243	} else {
1036	# remove prefix	1244	# remove prefix
1037	substr $_[0]->{rbuf}, 0, (length pack $format, $len), "";	1245	substr $_[0]{rbuf}, 0, $format, "";
1038		1246
1039	# read rest	1247	# read remaining chunk
1040	$_[0]->unshift_read (chunk => $len, $cb);	1248	$_[0]->unshift_read (chunk => $len, $cb);
		1249	}
1041		1250
1042	1	1251	1
1043	}	1252	}
1044	};	1253	};
1045		1254
1046	=item json => $cb->($handle, $hash_or_arrayref)	1255	=item json => $cb->($handle, $hash_or_arrayref)
1047		1256
1048	Reads a JSON object or array, decodes it and passes it to the callback.	1257	Reads a JSON object or array, decodes it and passes it to the
		1258	callback. When a parse error occurs, an C<EBADMSG> error will be raised.
1049		1259
1050	If a C<json> object was passed to the constructor, then that will be used	1260	If a C<json> object was passed to the constructor, then that will be used
1051	for the final decode, otherwise it will create a JSON coder expecting UTF-8.	1261	for the final decode, otherwise it will create a JSON coder expecting UTF-8.
1052		1262
1053	This read type uses the incremental parser available with JSON version	1263	This read type uses the incremental parser available with JSON version
…		…
1062	=cut	1272	=cut
1063		1273
1064	register_read_type json => sub {	1274	register_read_type json => sub {
1065	my ($self, $cb) = @_;	1275	my ($self, $cb) = @_;
1066		1276
1067	require JSON;	1277	my $json = $self->{json} ||=
		1278	eval { require JSON::XS; JSON::XS->new->utf8 }
		1279	|| do { require JSON; JSON->new->utf8 };
1068		1280
1069	my $data;	1281	my $data;
1070	my $rbuf = \$self->{rbuf};	1282	my $rbuf = \$self->{rbuf};
1071		1283
1072	my $json = $self->{json} ||= JSON->new->utf8;
1073
1074	sub {	1284	sub {
1075	my $ref = $json->incr_parse ($self->{rbuf});	1285	my $ref = eval { $json->incr_parse ($self->{rbuf}) };
1076		1286
1077	if ($ref) {	1287	if ($ref) {
1078	$self->{rbuf} = $json->incr_text;	1288	$self->{rbuf} = $json->incr_text;
1079	$json->incr_text = "";	1289	$json->incr_text = "";
1080	$cb->($self, $ref);	1290	$cb->($self, $ref);
1081		1291
1082	1	1292	1
		1293	} elsif ($@) {
		1294	# error case
		1295	$json->incr_skip;
		1296
		1297	$self->{rbuf} = $json->incr_text;
		1298	$json->incr_text = "";
		1299
		1300	$self->_error (&Errno::EBADMSG);
		1301
		1302	()
1083	} else {	1303	} else {
1084	$self->{rbuf} = "";	1304	$self->{rbuf} = "";
		1305
1085	()	1306	()
1086	}	1307	}
1087	}	1308	}
1088	};	1309	};
1089		1310
…		…
1102		1323
1103	require Storable;	1324	require Storable;
1104		1325
1105	sub {	1326	sub {
1106	# when we can use 5.10 we can use ".", but for 5.8 we use the re-pack method	1327	# when we can use 5.10 we can use ".", but for 5.8 we use the re-pack method
1107	defined (my $len = eval { unpack "w", $_[0]->{rbuf} })	1328	defined (my $len = eval { unpack "w", $_[0]{rbuf} })
1108	or return;	1329	or return;
1109		1330
		1331	my $format = length pack "w", $len;
		1332
		1333	# bypass unshift if we already have the remaining chunk
		1334	if ($format + $len <= length $_[0]{rbuf}) {
		1335	my $data = substr $_[0]{rbuf}, $format, $len;
		1336	substr $_[0]{rbuf}, 0, $format + $len, "";
		1337	$cb->($_[0], Storable::thaw ($data));
		1338	} else {
1110	# remove prefix	1339	# remove prefix
1111	substr $_[0]->{rbuf}, 0, (length pack "w", $len), "";	1340	substr $_[0]{rbuf}, 0, $format, "";
1112		1341
1113	# read rest	1342	# read remaining chunk
1114	$_[0]->unshift_read (chunk => $len, sub {	1343	$_[0]->unshift_read (chunk => $len, sub {
1115	if (my $ref = eval { Storable::thaw ($_[1]) }) {	1344	if (my $ref = eval { Storable::thaw ($_[1]) }) {
1116	$cb->($_[0], $ref);	1345	$cb->($_[0], $ref);
1117	} else {	1346	} else {
1118	$self->_error (&Errno::EBADMSG);	1347	$self->_error (&Errno::EBADMSG);
		1348	}
1119	}	1349	});
1120	});	1350	}
		1351
		1352	1
1121	}	1353	}
1122	};	1354	};
1123		1355
1124	=back	1356	=back
1125		1357
…		…
1155	Note that AnyEvent::Handle will automatically C<start_read> for you when	1387	Note that AnyEvent::Handle will automatically C<start_read> for you when
1156	you change the C<on_read> callback or push/unshift a read callback, and it	1388	you change the C<on_read> callback or push/unshift a read callback, and it
1157	will automatically C<stop_read> for you when neither C<on_read> is set nor	1389	will automatically C<stop_read> for you when neither C<on_read> is set nor
1158	there are any read requests in the queue.	1390	there are any read requests in the queue.
1159		1391
		1392	These methods will have no effect when in TLS mode (as TLS doesn't support
		1393	half-duplex connections).
		1394
1160	=cut	1395	=cut
1161		1396
1162	sub stop_read {	1397	sub stop_read {
1163	my ($self) = @_;	1398	my ($self) = @_;
1164		1399
1165	delete $self->{_rw};	1400	delete $self->{_rw} unless $self->{tls};
1166	}	1401	}
1167		1402
1168	sub start_read {	1403	sub start_read {
1169	my ($self) = @_;	1404	my ($self) = @_;
1170		1405
1171	unless ($self->{_rw} || $self->{_eof}) {	1406	unless ($self->{_rw} || $self->{_eof}) {
1172	Scalar::Util::weaken $self;	1407	Scalar::Util::weaken $self;
1173		1408
1174	$self->{_rw} = AnyEvent->io (fh => $self->{fh}, poll => "r", cb => sub {	1409	$self->{_rw} = AnyEvent->io (fh => $self->{fh}, poll => "r", cb => sub {
1175	my $rbuf = $self->{filter_r} ? \my $buf : \$self->{rbuf};	1410	my $rbuf = \($self->{tls} ? my $buf : $self->{rbuf});
1176	my $len = sysread $self->{fh}, $$rbuf, $self->{read_size} || 8192, length $$rbuf;	1411	my $len = sysread $self->{fh}, $$rbuf, $self->{read_size} || 8192, length $$rbuf;
1177		1412
1178	if ($len > 0) {	1413	if ($len > 0) {
1179	$self->{_activity} = AnyEvent->now;	1414	$self->{_activity} = AnyEvent->now;
1180		1415
1181	$self->{filter_r}	1416	if ($self->{tls}) {
1182	? $self->{filter_r}($self, $rbuf)	1417	Net::SSLeay::BIO_write ($self->{_rbio}, $$rbuf);
1183	: $self->{_in_drain} || $self->_drain_rbuf;	1418
		1419	&_dotls ($self);
		1420	} else {
		1421	$self->_drain_rbuf unless $self->{_in_drain};
		1422	}
1184		1423
1185	} elsif (defined $len) {	1424	} elsif (defined $len) {
1186	delete $self->{_rw};	1425	delete $self->{_rw};
1187	$self->{_eof} = 1;	1426	$self->{_eof} = 1;
1188	$self->_drain_rbuf unless $self->{_in_drain};	1427	$self->_drain_rbuf unless $self->{_in_drain};
…		…
1192	}	1431	}
1193	});	1432	});
1194	}	1433	}
1195	}	1434	}
1196		1435
		1436	our $ERROR_SYSCALL;
		1437	our $ERROR_WANT_READ;
		1438
		1439	sub _tls_error {
		1440	my ($self, $err) = @_;
		1441
		1442	return $self->_error ($!, 1)
		1443	if $err == Net::SSLeay::ERROR_SYSCALL ();
		1444
		1445	my $err =Net::SSLeay::ERR_error_string (Net::SSLeay::ERR_get_error ());
		1446
		1447	# reduce error string to look less scary
		1448	$err =~ s/^error:[0-9a-fA-F]{8}:[^:]+:([^:]+):/\L$1: /;
		1449
		1450	if ($self->{_on_starttls}) {
		1451	(delete $self->{_on_starttls})->($self, undef, $err);
		1452	&_freetls;
		1453	} else {
		1454	&_freetls;
		1455	$self->_error (&Errno::EPROTO, 1, $err);
		1456	}
		1457	}
		1458
		1459	# poll the write BIO and send the data if applicable
		1460	# also decode read data if possible
		1461	# this is basiclaly our TLS state machine
		1462	# more efficient implementations are possible with openssl,
		1463	# but not with the buggy and incomplete Net::SSLeay.
1197	sub _dotls {	1464	sub _dotls {
1198	my ($self) = @_;	1465	my ($self) = @_;
1199		1466
1200	my $buf;	1467	my $tmp;
1201		1468
1202	if (length $self->{_tls_wbuf}) {	1469	if (length $self->{_tls_wbuf}) {
1203	while ((my $len = Net::SSLeay::write ($self->{tls}, $self->{_tls_wbuf})) > 0) {	1470	while (($tmp = Net::SSLeay::write ($self->{tls}, $self->{_tls_wbuf})) > 0) {
1204	substr $self->{_tls_wbuf}, 0, $len, "";	1471	substr $self->{_tls_wbuf}, 0, $tmp, "";
1205	}	1472	}
1206	}
1207		1473
		1474	$tmp = Net::SSLeay::get_error ($self->{tls}, $tmp);
		1475	return $self->_tls_error ($tmp)
		1476	if $tmp != $ERROR_WANT_READ
		1477	&& ($tmp != $ERROR_SYSCALL || $!);
		1478	}
		1479
		1480	while (defined ($tmp = Net::SSLeay::read ($self->{tls}))) {
		1481	unless (length $tmp) {
		1482	$self->{_on_starttls}
		1483	and (delete $self->{_on_starttls})->($self, undef, "EOF during handshake"); # ???
		1484	&_freetls;
		1485
		1486	if ($self->{on_stoptls}) {
		1487	$self->{on_stoptls}($self);
		1488	return;
		1489	} else {
		1490	# let's treat SSL-eof as we treat normal EOF
		1491	delete $self->{_rw};
		1492	$self->{_eof} = 1;
		1493	}
		1494	}
		1495
		1496	$self->{_tls_rbuf} .= $tmp;
		1497	$self->_drain_rbuf unless $self->{_in_drain};
		1498	$self->{tls} or return; # tls session might have gone away in callback
		1499	}
		1500
		1501	$tmp = Net::SSLeay::get_error ($self->{tls}, -1);
		1502	return $self->_tls_error ($tmp)
		1503	if $tmp != $ERROR_WANT_READ
		1504	&& ($tmp != $ERROR_SYSCALL || $!);
		1505
1208	if (length ($buf = Net::SSLeay::BIO_read ($self->{_wbio}))) {	1506	while (length ($tmp = Net::SSLeay::BIO_read ($self->{_wbio}))) {
1209	$self->{wbuf} .= $buf;	1507	$self->{wbuf} .= $tmp;
1210	$self->_drain_wbuf;	1508	$self->_drain_wbuf;
1211	}	1509	}
1212		1510
1213	while (defined ($buf = Net::SSLeay::read ($self->{tls}))) {	1511	$self->{_on_starttls}
1214	if (length $buf) {	1512	and Net::SSLeay::state ($self->{tls}) == Net::SSLeay::ST_OK ()
1215	$self->{rbuf} .= $buf;	1513	and (delete $self->{_on_starttls})->($self, 1, "TLS/SSL connection established");
1216	$self->_drain_rbuf unless $self->{_in_drain};
1217	} else {
1218	# let's treat SSL-eof as we treat normal EOF
1219	$self->{_eof} = 1;
1220	$self->_shutdown;
1221	return;
1222	}
1223	}
1224
1225	my $err = Net::SSLeay::get_error ($self->{tls}, -1);
1226
1227	if ($err!= Net::SSLeay::ERROR_WANT_READ ()) {
1228	if ($err == Net::SSLeay::ERROR_SYSCALL ()) {
1229	return $self->_error ($!, 1);
1230	} elsif ($err == Net::SSLeay::ERROR_SSL ()) {
1231	return $self->_error (&Errno::EIO, 1);
1232	}
1233
1234	# all others are fine for our purposes
1235	}
1236	}	1514	}
1237		1515
1238	=item $handle->starttls ($tls[, $tls_ctx])	1516	=item $handle->starttls ($tls[, $tls_ctx])
1239		1517
1240	Instead of starting TLS negotiation immediately when the AnyEvent::Handle	1518	Instead of starting TLS negotiation immediately when the AnyEvent::Handle
…		…
1242	C<starttls>.	1520	C<starttls>.
1243		1521
1244	The first argument is the same as the C<tls> constructor argument (either	1522	The first argument is the same as the C<tls> constructor argument (either
1245	C<"connect">, C<"accept"> or an existing Net::SSLeay object).	1523	C<"connect">, C<"accept"> or an existing Net::SSLeay object).
1246		1524
1247	The second argument is the optional C<Net::SSLeay::CTX> object that is	1525	The second argument is the optional C<AnyEvent::TLS> object that is used
1248	used when AnyEvent::Handle has to create its own TLS connection object.	1526	when AnyEvent::Handle has to create its own TLS connection object, or
		1527	a hash reference with C<< key => value >> pairs that will be used to
		1528	construct a new context.
1249		1529
1250	The TLS connection object will end up in C<< $handle->{tls} >> after this	1530	The TLS connection object will end up in C<< $handle->{tls} >>, the TLS
1251	call and can be used or changed to your liking. Note that the handshake	1531	context in C<< $handle->{tls_ctx} >> after this call and can be used or
1252	might have already started when this function returns.	1532	changed to your liking. Note that the handshake might have already started
		1533	when this function returns.
1253		1534
		1535	If it an error to start a TLS handshake more than once per
		1536	AnyEvent::Handle object (this is due to bugs in OpenSSL).
		1537
1254	=cut	1538	=cut
		1539
		1540	our %TLS_CACHE; #TODO not yet documented, should we?
1255		1541
1256	sub starttls {	1542	sub starttls {
1257	my ($self, $ssl, $ctx) = @_;	1543	my ($self, $ssl, $ctx) = @_;
1258		1544
1259	$self->stoptls;	1545	require Net::SSLeay;
1260		1546
1261	if ($ssl eq "accept") {	1547	Carp::croak "it is an error to call starttls more than once on an AnyEvent::Handle object"
1262	$ssl = Net::SSLeay::new ($ctx || TLS_CTX ());	1548	if $self->{tls};
1263	Net::SSLeay::set_accept_state ($ssl);	1549
1264	} elsif ($ssl eq "connect") {	1550	$ERROR_SYSCALL = Net::SSLeay::ERROR_SYSCALL ();
1265	$ssl = Net::SSLeay::new ($ctx || TLS_CTX ());	1551	$ERROR_WANT_READ = Net::SSLeay::ERROR_WANT_READ ();
1266	Net::SSLeay::set_connect_state ($ssl);	1552
		1553	$ctx ||= $self->{tls_ctx};
		1554
		1555	if ("HASH" eq ref $ctx) {
		1556	require AnyEvent::TLS;
		1557
		1558	local $Carp::CarpLevel = 1; # skip ourselves when creating a new context
		1559
		1560	if ($ctx->{cache}) {
		1561	my $key = $ctx+0;
		1562	$ctx = $TLS_CACHE{$key} ||= new AnyEvent::TLS %$ctx;
		1563	} else {
		1564	$ctx = new AnyEvent::TLS %$ctx;
		1565	}
		1566	}
1267	}	1567
1268		1568	$self->{tls_ctx} = $ctx || TLS_CTX ();
1269	$self->{tls} = $ssl;	1569	$self->{tls} = $ssl = $self->{tls_ctx}->_get_session ($ssl, $self, $self->{peername});
1270		1570
1271	# basically, this is deep magic (because SSL_read should have the same issues)	1571	# basically, this is deep magic (because SSL_read should have the same issues)
1272	# but the openssl maintainers basically said: "trust us, it just works".	1572	# but the openssl maintainers basically said: "trust us, it just works".
1273	# (unfortunately, we have to hardcode constants because the abysmally misdesigned	1573	# (unfortunately, we have to hardcode constants because the abysmally misdesigned
1274	# and mismaintained ssleay-module doesn't even offer them).	1574	# and mismaintained ssleay-module doesn't even offer them).
1275	# http://www.mail-archive.com/openssl-dev@openssl.org/msg22420.html	1575	# http://www.mail-archive.com/openssl-dev@openssl.org/msg22420.html
		1576	#
		1577	# in short: this is a mess.
		1578	#
		1579	# note that we do not try to keep the length constant between writes as we are required to do.
		1580	# we assume that most (but not all) of this insanity only applies to non-blocking cases,
		1581	# and we drive openssl fully in blocking mode here. Or maybe we don't - openssl seems to
		1582	# have identity issues in that area.
1276	Net::SSLeay::CTX_set_mode ($self->{tls},	1583	# Net::SSLeay::CTX_set_mode ($ssl,
1277	(eval { local $SIG{__DIE__}; Net::SSLeay::MODE_ENABLE_PARTIAL_WRITE () } || 1)	1584	# (eval { local $SIG{__DIE__}; Net::SSLeay::MODE_ENABLE_PARTIAL_WRITE () } || 1)
1278	| (eval { local $SIG{__DIE__}; Net::SSLeay::MODE_ACCEPT_MOVING_WRITE_BUFFER () } || 2));	1585	# | (eval { local $SIG{__DIE__}; Net::SSLeay::MODE_ACCEPT_MOVING_WRITE_BUFFER () } || 2));
		1586	Net::SSLeay::CTX_set_mode ($ssl, 1|2);
1279		1587
1280	$self->{_rbio} = Net::SSLeay::BIO_new (Net::SSLeay::BIO_s_mem ());	1588	$self->{_rbio} = Net::SSLeay::BIO_new (Net::SSLeay::BIO_s_mem ());
1281	$self->{_wbio} = Net::SSLeay::BIO_new (Net::SSLeay::BIO_s_mem ());	1589	$self->{_wbio} = Net::SSLeay::BIO_new (Net::SSLeay::BIO_s_mem ());
1282		1590
1283	Net::SSLeay::set_bio ($ssl, $self->{_rbio}, $self->{_wbio});	1591	Net::SSLeay::set_bio ($ssl, $self->{_rbio}, $self->{_wbio});
1284		1592
1285	$self->{filter_w} = sub {	1593	$self->{_on_starttls} = sub { $_[0]{on_starttls}(@_) }
1286	$_[0]{_tls_wbuf} .= ${$_[1]};	1594	if $self->{on_starttls};
1287	&_dotls;	1595
1288	};	1596	&_dotls; # need to trigger the initial handshake
1289	$self->{filter_r} = sub {	1597	$self->start_read; # make sure we actually do read
1290	Net::SSLeay::BIO_write ($_[0]{_rbio}, ${$_[1]});
1291	&_dotls;
1292	};
1293	}	1598	}
1294		1599
1295	=item $handle->stoptls	1600	=item $handle->stoptls
1296		1601
1297	Destroys the SSL connection, if any. Partial read or write data will be	1602	Shuts down the SSL connection - this makes a proper EOF handshake by
1298	lost.	1603	sending a close notify to the other side, but since OpenSSL doesn't
		1604	support non-blocking shut downs, it is not possible to re-use the stream
		1605	afterwards.
1299		1606
1300	=cut	1607	=cut
1301		1608
1302	sub stoptls {	1609	sub stoptls {
1303	my ($self) = @_;	1610	my ($self) = @_;
1304		1611
1305	Net::SSLeay::free (delete $self->{tls}) if $self->{tls};	1612	if ($self->{tls}) {
		1613	Net::SSLeay::shutdown ($self->{tls});
1306		1614
1307	delete $self->{_rbio};	1615	&_dotls;
1308	delete $self->{_wbio};	1616
1309	delete $self->{_tls_wbuf};	1617	# # we don't give a shit. no, we do, but we can't. no...#d#
1310	delete $self->{filter_r};	1618	# # we, we... have to use openssl :/#d#
1311	delete $self->{filter_w};	1619	# &_freetls;#d#
		1620	}
		1621	}
		1622
		1623	sub _freetls {
		1624	my ($self) = @_;
		1625
		1626	return unless $self->{tls};
		1627
		1628	$self->{tls_ctx}->_put_session (delete $self->{tls});
		1629
		1630	delete @$self{qw(_rbio _wbio _tls_wbuf _on_starttls)};
1312	}	1631	}
1313		1632
1314	sub DESTROY {	1633	sub DESTROY {
1315	my $self = shift;	1634	my ($self) = @_;
1316		1635
1317	$self->stoptls;	1636	&_freetls;
1318		1637
1319	my $linger = exists $self->{linger} ? $self->{linger} : 3600;	1638	my $linger = exists $self->{linger} ? $self->{linger} : 3600;
1320		1639
1321	if ($linger && length $self->{wbuf}) {	1640	if ($linger && length $self->{wbuf}) {
1322	my $fh = delete $self->{fh};	1641	my $fh = delete $self->{fh};
…		…
1337	@linger = ();	1656	@linger = ();
1338	});	1657	});
1339	}	1658	}
1340	}	1659	}
1341		1660
		1661	=item $handle->destroy
		1662
		1663	Shuts down the handle object as much as possible - this call ensures that
		1664	no further callbacks will be invoked and as many resources as possible
		1665	will be freed. You must not call any methods on the object afterwards.
		1666
		1667	Normally, you can just "forget" any references to an AnyEvent::Handle
		1668	object and it will simply shut down. This works in fatal error and EOF
		1669	callbacks, as well as code outside. It does I<NOT> work in a read or write
		1670	callback, so when you want to destroy the AnyEvent::Handle object from
		1671	within such an callback. You I<MUST> call C<< ->destroy >> explicitly in
		1672	that case.
		1673
		1674	Destroying the handle object in this way has the advantage that callbacks
		1675	will be removed as well, so if those are the only reference holders (as
		1676	is common), then one doesn't need to do anything special to break any
		1677	reference cycles.
		1678
		1679	The handle might still linger in the background and write out remaining
		1680	data, as specified by the C<linger> option, however.
		1681
		1682	=cut
		1683
		1684	sub destroy {
		1685	my ($self) = @_;
		1686
		1687	$self->DESTROY;
		1688	%$self = ();
		1689	}
		1690
1342	=item AnyEvent::Handle::TLS_CTX	1691	=item AnyEvent::Handle::TLS_CTX
1343		1692
1344	This function creates and returns the Net::SSLeay::CTX object used by	1693	This function creates and returns the AnyEvent::TLS object used by default
1345	default for TLS mode.	1694	for TLS mode.
1346		1695
1347	The context is created like this:	1696	The context is created by calling L<AnyEvent::TLS> without any arguments.
1348
1349	Net::SSLeay::load_error_strings;
1350	Net::SSLeay::SSLeay_add_ssl_algorithms;
1351	Net::SSLeay::randomize;
1352
1353	my $CTX = Net::SSLeay::CTX_new;
1354
1355	Net::SSLeay::CTX_set_options $CTX, Net::SSLeay::OP_ALL
1356		1697
1357	=cut	1698	=cut
1358		1699
1359	our $TLS_CTX;	1700	our $TLS_CTX;
1360		1701
1361	sub TLS_CTX() {	1702	sub TLS_CTX() {
1362	$TLS_CTX || do {	1703	$TLS_CTX ||= do {
1363	require Net::SSLeay;	1704	require AnyEvent::TLS;
1364		1705
1365	Net::SSLeay::load_error_strings ();	1706	new AnyEvent::TLS
1366	Net::SSLeay::SSLeay_add_ssl_algorithms ();
1367	Net::SSLeay::randomize ();
1368
1369	$TLS_CTX = Net::SSLeay::CTX_new ();
1370
1371	Net::SSLeay::CTX_set_options ($TLS_CTX, Net::SSLeay::OP_ALL ());
1372
1373	$TLS_CTX
1374	}	1707	}
1375	}	1708	}
1376		1709
1377	=back	1710	=back
		1711
		1712
		1713	=head1 NONFREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS
		1714
		1715	=over 4
		1716
		1717	=item I C<undef> the AnyEvent::Handle reference inside my callback and
		1718	still get further invocations!
		1719
		1720	That's because AnyEvent::Handle keeps a reference to itself when handling
		1721	read or write callbacks.
		1722
		1723	It is only safe to "forget" the reference inside EOF or error callbacks,
		1724	from within all other callbacks, you need to explicitly call the C<<
		1725	->destroy >> method.
		1726
		1727	=item I get different callback invocations in TLS mode/Why can't I pause
		1728	reading?
		1729
		1730	Unlike, say, TCP, TLS connections do not consist of two independent
		1731	communication channels, one for each direction. Or put differently. The
		1732	read and write directions are not independent of each other: you cannot
		1733	write data unless you are also prepared to read, and vice versa.
		1734
		1735	This can mean than, in TLS mode, you might get C<on_error> or C<on_eof>
		1736	callback invocations when you are not expecting any read data - the reason
		1737	is that AnyEvent::Handle always reads in TLS mode.
		1738
		1739	During the connection, you have to make sure that you always have a
		1740	non-empty read-queue, or an C<on_read> watcher. At the end of the
		1741	connection (or when you no longer want to use it) you can call the
		1742	C<destroy> method.
		1743
		1744	=item How do I read data until the other side closes the connection?
		1745
		1746	If you just want to read your data into a perl scalar, the easiest way
		1747	to achieve this is by setting an C<on_read> callback that does nothing,
		1748	clearing the C<on_eof> callback and in the C<on_error> callback, the data
		1749	will be in C<$_[0]{rbuf}>:
		1750
		1751	$handle->on_read (sub { });
		1752	$handle->on_eof (undef);
		1753	$handle->on_error (sub {
		1754	my $data = delete $_[0]{rbuf};
		1755	});
		1756
		1757	The reason to use C<on_error> is that TCP connections, due to latencies
		1758	and packets loss, might get closed quite violently with an error, when in
		1759	fact, all data has been received.
		1760
		1761	It is usually better to use acknowledgements when transferring data,
		1762	to make sure the other side hasn't just died and you got the data
		1763	intact. This is also one reason why so many internet protocols have an
		1764	explicit QUIT command.
		1765
		1766	=item I don't want to destroy the handle too early - how do I wait until
		1767	all data has been written?
		1768
		1769	After writing your last bits of data, set the C<on_drain> callback
		1770	and destroy the handle in there - with the default setting of
		1771	C<low_water_mark> this will be called precisely when all data has been
		1772	written to the socket:
		1773
		1774	$handle->push_write (...);
		1775	$handle->on_drain (sub {
		1776	warn "all data submitted to the kernel\n";
		1777	undef $handle;
		1778	});
		1779
		1780	If you just want to queue some data and then signal EOF to the other side,
		1781	consider using C<< ->push_shutdown >> instead.
		1782
		1783	=item I want to contact a TLS/SSL server, I don't care about security.
		1784
		1785	If your TLS server is a pure TLS server (e.g. HTTPS) that only speaks TLS,
		1786	simply connect to it and then create the AnyEvent::Handle with the C<tls>
		1787	parameter:
		1788
		1789	tcp_connect $host, $port, sub {
		1790	my ($fh) = @_;
		1791
		1792	my $handle = new AnyEvent::Handle
		1793	fh => $fh,
		1794	tls => "connect",
		1795	on_error => sub { ... };
		1796
		1797	$handle->push_write (...);
		1798	};
		1799
		1800	=item I want to contact a TLS/SSL server, I do care about security.
		1801
		1802	Then you should additionally enable certificate verification, including
		1803	peername verification, if the protocol you use supports it (see
		1804	L<AnyEvent::TLS>, C<verify_peername>).
		1805
		1806	E.g. for HTTPS:
		1807
		1808	tcp_connect $host, $port, sub {
		1809	my ($fh) = @_;
		1810
		1811	my $handle = new AnyEvent::Handle
		1812	fh => $fh,
		1813	peername => $host,
		1814	tls => "connect",
		1815	tls_ctx => { verify => 1, verify_peername => "https" },
		1816	...
		1817
		1818	Note that you must specify the hostname you connected to (or whatever
		1819	"peername" the protocol needs) as the C<peername> argument, otherwise no
		1820	peername verification will be done.
		1821
		1822	The above will use the system-dependent default set of trusted CA
		1823	certificates. If you want to check against a specific CA, add the
		1824	C<ca_file> (or C<ca_cert>) arguments to C<tls_ctx>:
		1825
		1826	tls_ctx => {
		1827	verify => 1,
		1828	verify_peername => "https",
		1829	ca_file => "my-ca-cert.pem",
		1830	},
		1831
		1832	=item I want to create a TLS/SSL server, how do I do that?
		1833
		1834	Well, you first need to get a server certificate and key. You have
		1835	three options: a) ask a CA (buy one, use cacert.org etc.) b) create a
		1836	self-signed certificate (cheap. check the search engine of your choice,
		1837	there are many tutorials on the net) or c) make your own CA (tinyca2 is a
		1838	nice program for that purpose).
		1839
		1840	Then create a file with your private key (in PEM format, see
		1841	L<AnyEvent::TLS>), followed by the certificate (also in PEM format). The
		1842	file should then look like this:
		1843
		1844	-----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----
		1845	...header data
		1846	... lots of base64'y-stuff
		1847	-----END RSA PRIVATE KEY-----
		1848
		1849	-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
		1850	... lots of base64'y-stuff
		1851	-----END CERTIFICATE-----
		1852
		1853	The important bits are the "PRIVATE KEY" and "CERTIFICATE" parts. Then
		1854	specify this file as C<cert_file>:
		1855
		1856	tcp_server undef, $port, sub {
		1857	my ($fh) = @_;
		1858
		1859	my $handle = new AnyEvent::Handle
		1860	fh => $fh,
		1861	tls => "accept",
		1862	tls_ctx => { cert_file => "my-server-keycert.pem" },
		1863	...
		1864
		1865	When you have intermediate CA certificates that your clients might not
		1866	know about, just append them to the C<cert_file>.
		1867
		1868	=back
		1869
1378		1870
1379	=head1 SUBCLASSING AnyEvent::Handle	1871	=head1 SUBCLASSING AnyEvent::Handle
1380		1872
1381	In many cases, you might want to subclass AnyEvent::Handle.	1873	In many cases, you might want to subclass AnyEvent::Handle.
1382		1874
…		…
1386	=over 4	1878	=over 4
1387		1879
1388	=item * all constructor arguments become object members.	1880	=item * all constructor arguments become object members.
1389		1881
1390	At least initially, when you pass a C<tls>-argument to the constructor it	1882	At least initially, when you pass a C<tls>-argument to the constructor it
1391	will end up in C<< $handle->{tls} >>. Those members might be changes or	1883	will end up in C<< $handle->{tls} >>. Those members might be changed or
1392	mutated later on (for example C<tls> will hold the TLS connection object).	1884	mutated later on (for example C<tls> will hold the TLS connection object).
1393		1885
1394	=item * other object member names are prefixed with an C<_>.	1886	=item * other object member names are prefixed with an C<_>.
1395		1887
1396	All object members not explicitly documented (internal use) are prefixed	1888	All object members not explicitly documented (internal use) are prefixed

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