Compress-LZF/perlmulticore.h

/*
 * Author: Marc A. Lehmann <xsthreadpool@schmorp.de>
 * License: public domain, or where this is not possible/at your option,
 *          CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/)
 */

#ifndef PERL_MULTICORE_H
#define PERL_MULTICORE_H

/*

=head1 NAME

perlmulticore.h - the Perl Multicore Specification and Implementation

=head1 SYNOPSIS

  #include "perlmultiore.h"

  // in your XS function:

  perlinterp_release ();
  do_the_C_thing ();
  perlinterp_acquire ();

=head1 DESCRIPTION

This header file implements a simple mechanism for XS modules to allow
re-use of the perl interpreter for other threads while doing some lengthy
operation, such as cryptography, SQL queries, disk I/O and so on.

The design goals for this mechanism were to be simple to use, very
efficient when not needed, low code and data size overhead and broad
applicability.

The newest version of this document can be found at
L<http://pod.tst.eu/http://cvs.schmorp.de/Coro-Multicore/perlmulticore.h>.

The nwest version of the header fgile itself, which
includes this documentation, can be downloaded from
L<http://cvs.schmorp.de/Coro-Multicore/perlmulticore.h>.

=head1 HOW DO I USE THIS IN MY MODULES?

The usage is very simple - you include this header file in your XS module. Then, before you
do your lengthy operation, you release the perl interpreter:

   perlinterp_release ();

And when you are done with your computation, you acquire it again:

   perlinterp_acquire ();

And that's it. This doesn't load any modules and consists of only a few
machine instructions when no module to take advantage of it is loaded.

Here is a simple example, an C<flock> wrapper implemented in XS. Unlike
perl's built-in C<flock>, it allows other threads (for example, those
provided by L<Coro>) to execute, instead of blocking the whole perl
interpreter. For the sake of this example, it requires a file descriptor
instead of a handle.

   #include "perlmulticore.h" // this header file

   // and in the XS portion
   int flock (int fd, int operation)
           CODE:
           perlinterp_release ();
           RETVAL = flock (fd, operation);
           perlinterp_acquire ();
           OUTPUT:
           RETVAL

Another example would be to modify L<DBD::mysql> to allow other
threads to execute while executing SQL queries. One way to do this
is find all C<mysql_st_internal_execute> and similar calls (such as
C<mysql_st_internal_execute41>), and adorn them with release/acquire
calls:

   {
     perlinterp_release ();
     imp_sth->row_num= mysql_st_internal_execute(sth, ...);
     perlinterp_acquire ();
   }

=head2 HOW ABOUT NOT-SO LONG WORK?

Sometimes you don't know how long your code will take - in a compression
library for example, compressing a few hundred Kilobyte of data can take
a while, while 50 Bytes will compress so fast that even attempting to do
something else could be more costly than just doing it.

This is a very hard problem to solve. The best you can do at the moment is
to release the perl interpreter only when you think the work to be done
justifies the expense.

As a rule of thumb, if you expect to need more than a few thousand cycles,
you should release the interpreter, else you shouldn't. When in doubt,
release.

For example, in a compression library, you might want to do this:

   if (bytes_to_be_compressed > 2000) perlinterp_release ();
   do_compress (...);
   if (bytes_to_be_compressed > 2000) perlinterp_acquire ();

Make sure the if conditions are exactly the same and don't change, so you
always call acquire when you release, and vice versa.

When you don't have a handy indicator, you might still do something
useful. For example, if you do some file locking with C<fcntl> and you
expect the lock to be available immediately in most cases, you could try
with C<F_SETLK> (which doesn't wait), and only release/wait/acquire when
the lock couldn't be set:

   int res = fcntl (fd, F_SETLK, &flock);

   if (res)
     {
       // error, assume lock is held by another process and do it the slow way
       perlinterp_release ();
       res = fcntl (fd, F_SETLKW, &flock);
       perlinterp_release ();
     }

=head1 THE HARD AND FAST RULES

As with everything, there are a number of rules to follow.

=over 4

=item I<Never> touch any perl data structures after calling C<perlinterp_release>.

Possibly the most important rule of them all, anything perl is
completely off-limits after C<perlinterp_release>, until you call
C<perlinterp_acquire>, after which you can access perl stuff again.

That includes anything in the perl interpreter that you didn't prove to be
safe, and didn't prove to be safe in older and future versions of perl:
global variables, local perl scalars, even if you are sure nobody accesses
them and you only try to "read" their value, and so on.

If you need to access perl things, do it before releasing the
interpreter with C<perlinterp_release>, or after acquiring it again with
C<perlinterp_acquire>.

=item I<Always> call C<perlinterp_release> and C<perlinterp_acquire> in pairs.

For each C<perlinterp_release> call there must be a C<perlinterp_acquire>
call. They don't have to be in the same function, and you can have
multiple calls to them, as long as every C<perlinterp_release> call is
followed by exactly one C<perlinterp_acquire> call.

For example., this would be fine:

   perlinterp_release ();

   if (!function_that_fails_with_0_return_value ())
     {
       perlinterp_acquire ();
       croak ("error");
       // croak doesn't return
     }

   perlinterp_acquire ();
   // do other stuff

=item I<Never> nest calls to C<perlinterp_release> and C<perlinterp_acquire>.

That simply means that after calling C<perlinterp_release>, you must
call C<perlinterp_acquire> before calling C<perlinterp_release>
again. Likewise, after C<perlinterp_acquire>, you can call
C<perlinterp_release> but not another C<perlinterp_acquire>.

=item I<Always> call C<perlinterp_release> first.

Also simple: you I<must not> call C<perlinterp_acquire> without having
called C<perlinterp_release> before.

=item I<Never> underestimate threads.

While it's easy to add parallel execution ability to your XS module, it
doesn't mean it is safe. After you release the perl interpreter, it's
perfectly possible that it will call your XS function in another thread,
even while your original function still executes. In other words: your C
code must be thread safe, and if you use any library, that library must be
thread-safe, too.

Always assume that the code between C<perlinterp_release> and
C<perlinterp_acquire> is executed in parallel on multiple CPUs at the same
time. If your code can't cope with that, you could consider using a mutex
to only allow one such execution, which is still better than blocking
everybody else from doing anything:

   static pthread_mutex_t my_mutex = PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER;

   perlinterp_release ();
   pthread_mutex_lock (&my_mutex);
   do_your_non_thread_safe_thing ();
   pthread_mutex_unlock (&my_mutex);
   perlinterp_acquire ();

This isn't as trivial as it looks though, as you need to find out which
threading system is in use (with L<Coro::Multicore>, it currently is
always pthreads).

=item I<Don't> get confused by having to release first.

In many real world scenarios, you acquire a resource, do something, then
release it again. Don't let this confuse you, with this, you already own
the resource (the perl interpreter) so you have to I<release> first, and
I<acquire> it again later, not the other way around.

=back


=head1 DESIGN PRINCIPLES

This section discusses how the design goals were reached (you be the
judge), how it is implemented, and what overheads this implies.

=over 4

=item Simple to Use

All you have to do is identify the place in your existing code where you
stop touching perl stuff, do your actual work, and start touching perl
stuff again.

Then slap C<perlinterp_release ()> and C<perlinterp_acquire ()> around the
actual work code.

You have to include F<perlmulticore.h> and distribute it with your XS
code, but all these things border on the trivial.

=item Very Efficient

The definition for C<perlinterp_release> and C<perlinterp_release> is very
short:

   #define perlinterp_release() perl_multicore_api->pmapi_release ()
   #define perlinterp_acquire() perl_multicore_api->pmapi_acquire ()

Both are macros that read a pointer from memory (perl_multicore_api),
dereference a function pointer stored at that place, and call the
function, which takes no arguments and returns nothing.

The first call to C<perlinterp_release> will check for the presence
of any supporting module, and if none is loaded, will create a dummy
implementation where both C<pmapi_release> and C<pmapi_acquire> execute
this function:

  static void perl_multicore_nop (void) { }

So in the case of no magical module being loaded, all calls except the
first are two memory accesses and a predictable function call of an empty
function.

Of course, the overhead is much higher when these functions actually
implement anything useful, but you always get what you pay for.

With L<Coro::Multicore>, every release/acquire involves two pthread
switches, two coro thread switches, a bunch of syscalls, and sometimes
interacting with the event loop.

A dedicated thread pool such as the one L<IO::AIO> uses could reduce
these overheads, and would also reduce the dependencies (L<AnyEvent> is a
smaller and more portable dependency than L<Coro>), but it would require a
lot more work on the side of the module author wanting to support it than
this solution.

=item Low Code and Data Size Overhead

On a 64 bit system, F<perlmulticore.h> uses exactly C<8> octets (one
pointer) of your data segment, to store the C<perl_multicore_api>
pointer. In addition it creates a C<16> octet perl string to store the
function pointers in, and stores it in a hash provided by perl for this
purpose.

This is pretty much the equivalent of executing this code:

   $existing_hash{perl_multicore_api} = "123456781234567812345678";

And that's it, which is, as I think, indeed very little.

As for code size, on my amd64 system, every call to C<perlinterp_release>
or C<perlinterp_acquire> results in a variation of the following 9-10
octet sequence:

   150>   mov    0x200f23(%rip),%rax  # <perl_multicore_api>
   157>   callq  *0x8(%rax)

The biggest part if the initialisation code, which consists of 11 lines of
typical XS code. On my system, all the code in F<perlmulticore.h> compiles
to less than 160 octets of read-only data.

=item Broad Applicability

While there are alternative ways to achieve the goal of parallel execution
with threads that might be more efficient, this mechanism was chosen
because it is very simple to retrofit existing modules with it, and it

The design goals for this mechanism were to be simple to use, very
efficient when not needed, low code and data size overhead and broad
applicability.

=back

=head1 AUTHOR

   Marc A. Lehmann <perlmulticore@schmorp.de>

=head1 LICENSE

The F<perlmulticore.h> is put into the public domain. Where this is legally
not possible, or at your option, it can be licensed under creativecommons
CC0 license: L<https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/>.

=cut
*/

struct perl_multicore_api
{
  void (*pmapi_release)(void);
  void (*pmapi_acquire)(void);
};

static void perl_multicore_init (void);

const struct perl_multicore_api perl_multicore_api_init = { perl_multicore_init, abort };

static struct perl_multicore_api *perl_multicore_api
   = (struct perl_multicore_api *)&perl_multicore_api_init;

#define perlinterp_release() perl_multicore_api->pmapi_release ()
#define perlinterp_acquire() perl_multicore_api->pmapi_acquire ()

static void
perl_multicore_nop (void)
{
}

static void
perl_multicore_init (void)
{
  dTHX;

  /* check for existing API struct in PL_modglobal */
  SV **api_svp = hv_fetch (PL_modglobal, "perl_multicore_api", sizeof ("perl_multicore_api") - 1, 1);

  if (SvPOKp (*api_svp))
    perl_multicore_api = (struct perl_multicore_api *)SvPVX (*api_svp); /* we have one, use the existing one */
  else
    {
      /* create a new one with a dummy nop implementation */
      SV *api_sv = NEWSV (0, sizeof (*perl_multicore_api));
      SvCUR_set (api_sv, sizeof (*perl_multicore_api));
      SvPOK_only (api_sv);
      perl_multicore_api = (struct perl_multicore_api *)SvPVX (api_sv);
      perl_multicore_api->pmapi_release =
      perl_multicore_api->pmapi_acquire = perl_multicore_nop;
      *api_svp = api_sv;
    }

  /* call the real (or dummy) implementation now */
  perlinterp_release ();
}

#endif
Revision:	1.2
Committed:	Sun Jun 28 17:40:38 2015 UTC (8 years, 10 months ago) by root
Content type:	text/plain
Branch:	MAIN
Changes since 1.1:	+2 -1 lines
Log Message:	* empty log message *
#	User	Rev	Content
1	root	1.1	/*
2			* Author: Marc A. Lehmann <xsthreadpool@schmorp.de>
3			* License: public domain, or where this is not possible/at your option,
4			* CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/)
5			*/
6
7			#ifndef PERL_MULTICORE_H
8			#define PERL_MULTICORE_H
9
10			/*
11	root	1.2
12	root	1.1	=head1 NAME
13
14	root	1.2	perlmulticore.h - the Perl Multicore Specification and Implementation
15	root	1.1
16			=head1 SYNOPSIS
17
18			#include "perlmultiore.h"
19
20			// in your XS function:
21
22			perlinterp_release ();
23			do_the_C_thing ();
24			perlinterp_acquire ();
25
26			=head1 DESCRIPTION
27
28			This header file implements a simple mechanism for XS modules to allow
29			re-use of the perl interpreter for other threads while doing some lengthy
30			operation, such as cryptography, SQL queries, disk I/O and so on.
31
32			The design goals for this mechanism were to be simple to use, very
33			efficient when not needed, low code and data size overhead and broad
34			applicability.
35
36			The newest version of this document can be found at
37			L<http://pod.tst.eu/http://cvs.schmorp.de/Coro-Multicore/perlmulticore.h>.
38
39			The nwest version of the header fgile itself, which
40			includes this documentation, can be downloaded from
41			L<http://cvs.schmorp.de/Coro-Multicore/perlmulticore.h>.
42
43			=head1 HOW DO I USE THIS IN MY MODULES?
44
45			The usage is very simple - you include this header file in your XS module. Then, before you
46			do your lengthy operation, you release the perl interpreter:
47
48			perlinterp_release ();
49
50			And when you are done with your computation, you acquire it again:
51
52			perlinterp_acquire ();
53
54			And that's it. This doesn't load any modules and consists of only a few
55			machine instructions when no module to take advantage of it is loaded.
56
57			Here is a simple example, an C<flock> wrapper implemented in XS. Unlike
58			perl's built-in C<flock>, it allows other threads (for example, those
59			provided by L<Coro>) to execute, instead of blocking the whole perl
60			interpreter. For the sake of this example, it requires a file descriptor
61			instead of a handle.
62
63			#include "perlmulticore.h" // this header file
64
65			// and in the XS portion
66			int flock (int fd, int operation)
67			CODE:
68			perlinterp_release ();
69			RETVAL = flock (fd, operation);
70			perlinterp_acquire ();
71			OUTPUT:
72			RETVAL
73
74			Another example would be to modify L<DBD::mysql> to allow other
75			threads to execute while executing SQL queries. One way to do this
76			is find all C<mysql_st_internal_execute> and similar calls (such as
77			C<mysql_st_internal_execute41>), and adorn them with release/acquire
78			calls:
79
80			{
81			perlinterp_release ();
82			imp_sth->row_num= mysql_st_internal_execute(sth, ...);
83			perlinterp_acquire ();
84			}
85
86			=head2 HOW ABOUT NOT-SO LONG WORK?
87
88			Sometimes you don't know how long your code will take - in a compression
89			library for example, compressing a few hundred Kilobyte of data can take
90			a while, while 50 Bytes will compress so fast that even attempting to do
91			something else could be more costly than just doing it.
92
93			This is a very hard problem to solve. The best you can do at the moment is
94			to release the perl interpreter only when you think the work to be done
95			justifies the expense.
96
97			As a rule of thumb, if you expect to need more than a few thousand cycles,
98			you should release the interpreter, else you shouldn't. When in doubt,
99			release.
100
101			For example, in a compression library, you might want to do this:
102
103			if (bytes_to_be_compressed > 2000) perlinterp_release ();
104			do_compress (...);
105			if (bytes_to_be_compressed > 2000) perlinterp_acquire ();
106
107			Make sure the if conditions are exactly the same and don't change, so you
108			always call acquire when you release, and vice versa.
109
110			When you don't have a handy indicator, you might still do something
111			useful. For example, if you do some file locking with C<fcntl> and you
112			expect the lock to be available immediately in most cases, you could try
113			with C<F_SETLK> (which doesn't wait), and only release/wait/acquire when
114			the lock couldn't be set:
115
116			int res = fcntl (fd, F_SETLK, &flock);
117
118			if (res)
119			{
120			// error, assume lock is held by another process and do it the slow way
121			perlinterp_release ();
122			res = fcntl (fd, F_SETLKW, &flock);
123			perlinterp_release ();
124			}
125
126			=head1 THE HARD AND FAST RULES
127
128			As with everything, there are a number of rules to follow.
129
130			=over 4
131
132			=item I<Never> touch any perl data structures after calling C<perlinterp_release>.
133
134			Possibly the most important rule of them all, anything perl is
135			completely off-limits after C<perlinterp_release>, until you call
136			C<perlinterp_acquire>, after which you can access perl stuff again.
137
138			That includes anything in the perl interpreter that you didn't prove to be
139			safe, and didn't prove to be safe in older and future versions of perl:
140			global variables, local perl scalars, even if you are sure nobody accesses
141			them and you only try to "read" their value, and so on.
142
143			If you need to access perl things, do it before releasing the
144			interpreter with C<perlinterp_release>, or after acquiring it again with
145			C<perlinterp_acquire>.
146
147			=item I<Always> call C<perlinterp_release> and C<perlinterp_acquire> in pairs.
148
149			For each C<perlinterp_release> call there must be a C<perlinterp_acquire>
150			call. They don't have to be in the same function, and you can have
151			multiple calls to them, as long as every C<perlinterp_release> call is
152			followed by exactly one C<perlinterp_acquire> call.
153
154			For example., this would be fine:
155
156			perlinterp_release ();
157
158			if (!function_that_fails_with_0_return_value ())
159			{
160			perlinterp_acquire ();
161			croak ("error");
162			// croak doesn't return
163			}
164
165			perlinterp_acquire ();
166			// do other stuff
167
168			=item I<Never> nest calls to C<perlinterp_release> and C<perlinterp_acquire>.
169
170			That simply means that after calling C<perlinterp_release>, you must
171			call C<perlinterp_acquire> before calling C<perlinterp_release>
172			again. Likewise, after C<perlinterp_acquire>, you can call
173			C<perlinterp_release> but not another C<perlinterp_acquire>.
174
175			=item I<Always> call C<perlinterp_release> first.
176
177			Also simple: you I<must not> call C<perlinterp_acquire> without having
178			called C<perlinterp_release> before.
179
180			=item I<Never> underestimate threads.
181
182			While it's easy to add parallel execution ability to your XS module, it
183			doesn't mean it is safe. After you release the perl interpreter, it's
184			perfectly possible that it will call your XS function in another thread,
185			even while your original function still executes. In other words: your C
186			code must be thread safe, and if you use any library, that library must be
187			thread-safe, too.
188
189			Always assume that the code between C<perlinterp_release> and
190			C<perlinterp_acquire> is executed in parallel on multiple CPUs at the same
191			time. If your code can't cope with that, you could consider using a mutex
192			to only allow one such execution, which is still better than blocking
193			everybody else from doing anything:
194
195			static pthread_mutex_t my_mutex = PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER;
196
197			perlinterp_release ();
198			pthread_mutex_lock (&my_mutex);
199			do_your_non_thread_safe_thing ();
200			pthread_mutex_unlock (&my_mutex);
201			perlinterp_acquire ();
202
203			This isn't as trivial as it looks though, as you need to find out which
204			threading system is in use (with L<Coro::Multicore>, it currently is
205			always pthreads).
206
207			=item I<Don't> get confused by having to release first.
208
209			In many real world scenarios, you acquire a resource, do something, then
210			release it again. Don't let this confuse you, with this, you already own
211			the resource (the perl interpreter) so you have to I<release> first, and
212			I<acquire> it again later, not the other way around.
213
214			=back
215
216
217			=head1 DESIGN PRINCIPLES
218
219			This section discusses how the design goals were reached (you be the
220			judge), how it is implemented, and what overheads this implies.
221
222			=over 4
223
224			=item Simple to Use
225
226			All you have to do is identify the place in your existing code where you
227			stop touching perl stuff, do your actual work, and start touching perl
228			stuff again.
229
230			Then slap C<perlinterp_release ()> and C<perlinterp_acquire ()> around the
231			actual work code.
232
233			You have to include F<perlmulticore.h> and distribute it with your XS
234			code, but all these things border on the trivial.
235
236			=item Very Efficient
237
238			The definition for C<perlinterp_release> and C<perlinterp_release> is very
239			short:
240
241			#define perlinterp_release() perl_multicore_api->pmapi_release ()
242			#define perlinterp_acquire() perl_multicore_api->pmapi_acquire ()
243
244			Both are macros that read a pointer from memory (perl_multicore_api),
245			dereference a function pointer stored at that place, and call the
246			function, which takes no arguments and returns nothing.
247
248			The first call to C<perlinterp_release> will check for the presence
249			of any supporting module, and if none is loaded, will create a dummy
250			implementation where both C<pmapi_release> and C<pmapi_acquire> execute
251			this function:
252
253			static void perl_multicore_nop (void) { }
254
255			So in the case of no magical module being loaded, all calls except the
256			first are two memory accesses and a predictable function call of an empty
257			function.
258
259			Of course, the overhead is much higher when these functions actually
260			implement anything useful, but you always get what you pay for.
261
262			With L<Coro::Multicore>, every release/acquire involves two pthread
263			switches, two coro thread switches, a bunch of syscalls, and sometimes
264			interacting with the event loop.
265
266			A dedicated thread pool such as the one L<IO::AIO> uses could reduce
267			these overheads, and would also reduce the dependencies (L<AnyEvent> is a
268			smaller and more portable dependency than L<Coro>), but it would require a
269			lot more work on the side of the module author wanting to support it than
270			this solution.
271
272			=item Low Code and Data Size Overhead
273
274			On a 64 bit system, F<perlmulticore.h> uses exactly C<8> octets (one
275			pointer) of your data segment, to store the C<perl_multicore_api>
276			pointer. In addition it creates a C<16> octet perl string to store the
277			function pointers in, and stores it in a hash provided by perl for this
278			purpose.
279
280			This is pretty much the equivalent of executing this code:
281
282			$existing_hash{perl_multicore_api} = "123456781234567812345678";
283
284			And that's it, which is, as I think, indeed very little.
285
286			As for code size, on my amd64 system, every call to C<perlinterp_release>
287			or C<perlinterp_acquire> results in a variation of the following 9-10
288			octet sequence:
289
290			150> mov 0x200f23(%rip),%rax # <perl_multicore_api>
291			157> callq *0x8(%rax)
292
293			The biggest part if the initialisation code, which consists of 11 lines of
294			typical XS code. On my system, all the code in F<perlmulticore.h> compiles
295			to less than 160 octets of read-only data.
296
297			=item Broad Applicability
298
299			While there are alternative ways to achieve the goal of parallel execution
300			with threads that might be more efficient, this mechanism was chosen
301			because it is very simple to retrofit existing modules with it, and it
302
303			The design goals for this mechanism were to be simple to use, very
304			efficient when not needed, low code and data size overhead and broad
305			applicability.
306
307			=back
308
309			=head1 AUTHOR
310
311			Marc A. Lehmann <perlmulticore@schmorp.de>
312
313			=head1 LICENSE
314
315			The F<perlmulticore.h> is put into the public domain. Where this is legally
316			not possible, or at your option, it can be licensed under creativecommons
317			CC0 license: L<https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/>.
318
319			=cut
320			*/
321
322			struct perl_multicore_api
323			{
324			void (*pmapi_release)(void);
325			void (*pmapi_acquire)(void);
326			};
327
328			static void perl_multicore_init (void);
329
330			const struct perl_multicore_api perl_multicore_api_init = { perl_multicore_init, abort };
331
332			static struct perl_multicore_api *perl_multicore_api
333			= (struct perl_multicore_api *)&perl_multicore_api_init;
334
335			#define perlinterp_release() perl_multicore_api->pmapi_release ()
336			#define perlinterp_acquire() perl_multicore_api->pmapi_acquire ()
337
338			static void
339			perl_multicore_nop (void)
340			{
341			}
342
343			static void
344			perl_multicore_init (void)
345			{
346			dTHX;
347
348			/* check for existing API struct in PL_modglobal */
349			SV **api_svp = hv_fetch (PL_modglobal, "perl_multicore_api", sizeof ("perl_multicore_api") - 1, 1);
350
351			if (SvPOKp (*api_svp))
352			perl_multicore_api = (struct perl_multicore_api )SvPVX (api_svp); /* we have one, use the existing one */
353			else
354			{
355			/* create a new one with a dummy nop implementation */
356			SV api_sv = NEWSV (0, sizeof (perl_multicore_api));
357			SvCUR_set (api_sv, sizeof (*perl_multicore_api));
358			SvPOK_only (api_sv);
359			perl_multicore_api = (struct perl_multicore_api *)SvPVX (api_sv);
360			perl_multicore_api->pmapi_release =
361			perl_multicore_api->pmapi_acquire = perl_multicore_nop;
362			*api_svp = api_sv;
363			}
364
365			/* call the real (or dummy) implementation now */
366			perlinterp_release ();
367			}
368
369			#endif