Coro/Coro/AnyEvent.pm

=head1 NAME

Coro::AnyEvent - integrate coroutines into AnyEvent

=head1 SYNOPSIS

 use Coro;
 use Coro::AnyEvent;

 # use coro within an AnyEvent environment

=head1 INTRODUCTION

When one naively starts to use coroutines in Perl, one will quickly run
into the problem that coroutines that block on a syscall (sleeping,
reading from a socket etc.) will block all coroutines.

If one then uses an event loop, the problem is that the event loop has
no knowledge of coroutines and will not run them before it polls for new
events, again blocking the whole process.

This module integrates coroutines into any event loop supported by
AnyEvent, combining event-based programming with coroutine-based
programming in a natural way.

All you have to do is C<use Coro::AnyEvent> and then you can run a
coroutines freely.

=head1 DESCRIPTION

This module autodetects the event loop used (by relying on L<AnyEvent>)
and will either automatically defer to the high-performance L<Coro::EV> or
L<Coro::Event> modules, or will use a generic integration into any event
loop supported by L<AnyEvent>.

Unfortunately, few event loops (basically only L<EV> and L<Event>) support
this kind of integration well, and therefore AnyEvent cannot offer the
required functionality.

Here is what this module does when it has to work with other event loops:

=over 4

=item * run ready coroutines before blocking the process

Each time a coroutine is put into the ready queue (and there are no other
coroutines in the ready queue), a timer with an C<after> value of C<0> is
registered with AnyEvent.

This creates something similar to an I<idle> watcher, i.e. a watcher
that keeps the event loop from blocking but still polls for new
events. (Unfortunately, some badly designed event loops (e.g. Event::Lib)
don't support a timeout of C<0> and will always block for a bit).

The callback for that timer will C<cede> to other coroutines of the same
or higher priority for as long as such coroutines exists. This has the
effect of running all coroutines that have work to do will all coroutines
block to wait for external events.

If no coroutines of equal or higher priority are ready, it will cede
to any coroutine, but only once. This has the effect of running
lower-priority coroutines as well, but it will not keep higher priority
coroutines from receiving new events.

The priority used is simply the priority of the coroutine that runs the
event loop, usually the main program, and the priority is usually C<0>.

=item * provide a suitable idle callback.

In addition to hooking into C<ready>, this module will also provide a
C<$Coro::idle> handler that runs the event loop. It is best not to rely on
this, as this is rather inefficient.

=item * provide overrides for AnyEvent's condvars

This module installs overrides for AnyEvent's condvars. That is, when
the module is loaded it will provide its own condition variables. This
makes the coroutine-safe, i.e. you can safely block on them from within a
coroutine.

=item * lead to data corruption or worse

As C<unblock_sub> cannot be by this module (as it is the module that
implements it, basically), you must not call into the event loop
recursively from any coroutine. This is not usually a difficult
restriction to live with, just use condvars, C<unblock_sub> or other means
of inter-coroutine-communications.

If you use a module that supports AnyEvent (or uses the same event loop
as AnyEvent, making the compatible), and it offers callbacks of any kind,
then you must not block in them, either (or use e.g. C<unblock_sub>), see
the description of C<unblock_sub> in the L<Coro> module.

This also means that you should load the module as early as possible,
as only condvars created after this module has been loaded will work
correctly.

=cut

package Coro::AnyEvent;

no warnings;
use strict;

use Coro;
use AnyEvent ();

our $VERSION = '2.2';

#############################################################################
# idle handler

our $IDLE = new Coro sub {
   while () {
      AnyEvent->one_event;
      &Coro::schedule;
   }
};
$IDLE->{desc} = "[AnyEvent idle process]";

#############################################################################
# 0-timeout idle emulation watcher

our $ACTIVITY;

sub _activity {
   $ACTIVITY ||= AnyEvent->timer (after => 0, cb => \&_schedule);
}

sub _detect {
   unshift @AnyEvent::ISA, "Coro::AnyEvent::Condvar";

   my $model = AnyEvent::detect;

   if ($model eq "AnyEvent::Impl::EV" || $model eq "AnyEvent::Impl::CoroEV") {
      require Coro::EV;
      Coro::_set_readyhook undef;
   } elsif ($model eq "AnyEvent::Impl::Event" || $model eq "AnyEvent::Impl::CoroEvent") {
      require Coro::Event;
      Coro::_set_readyhook undef;
   } else {
      Coro::_set_readyhook \&_activity;
      $Coro::idle = sub {
         local $ACTIVITY = 1; # hack to keep it from being set by the ready call
         $IDLE->ready;
      };
   }
}

if ($AnyEvent::MODEL) {
   _detect;
} else {
   push @AnyEvent::detect, \&_detect;
   Coro::_set_readyhook \&AnyEvent::detect;
}

#############################################################################
# override condvars

package Coro::AnyEvent::Condvar;

use Coro::Signal ();

sub condvar {
   bless [], __PACKAGE__
}

sub broadcast {
   $_[0][0] = 1;
   $_[0][1]->ready if $_[0][1];
}

sub wait {
   while (!$_[0][0]) {
      local $_[0][1] = $Coro::current;
      Coro::schedule;
   }
}

1;

=head1 SEE ALSO

L<AnyEvent>, to see which event loops are supported, L<Coro::EV> and
L<Coro::Event> for more efficient and more correct solutions (they will be
used automatically if applicable).

=head1 AUTHOR

 Marc Lehmann <schmorp@schmorp.de>
 http://home.schmorp.de/

=cut

Revision:	1.6
Committed:	Sat May 10 00:14:20 2008 UTC (16 years, 1 month ago) by root
Branch:	MAIN
Changes since 1.5:	+1 -2 lines
Log Message:	* empty log message *
#	User	Rev	Content
1	root	1.1	=head1 NAME
2
3	root	1.3	Coro::AnyEvent - integrate coroutines into AnyEvent
4	root	1.1
5			=head1 SYNOPSIS
6
7			use Coro;
8			use Coro::AnyEvent;
9
10	root	1.2	# use coro within an AnyEvent environment
11
12			=head1 INTRODUCTION
13
14			When one naively starts to use coroutines in Perl, one will quickly run
15			into the problem that coroutines that block on a syscall (sleeping,
16			reading from a socket etc.) will block all coroutines.
17
18			If one then uses an event loop, the problem is that the event loop has
19			no knowledge of coroutines and will not run them before it polls for new
20			events, again blocking the whole process.
21
22			This module integrates coroutines into any event loop supported by
23			AnyEvent, combining event-based programming with coroutine-based
24			programming in a natural way.
25
26			All you have to do is C<use Coro::AnyEvent> and then you can run a
27			coroutines freely.
28	root	1.1
29			=head1 DESCRIPTION
30
31	root	1.2	This module autodetects the event loop used (by relying on L<AnyEvent>)
32			and will either automatically defer to the high-performance L<Coro::EV> or
33			L<Coro::Event> modules, or will use a generic integration into any event
34			loop supported by L<AnyEvent>.
35
36			Unfortunately, few event loops (basically only L<EV> and L<Event>) support
37			this kind of integration well, and therefore AnyEvent cannot offer the
38			required functionality.
39
40			Here is what this module does when it has to work with other event loops:
41
42	root	1.4	=over 4
43
44			=item * run ready coroutines before blocking the process
45
46	root	1.2	Each time a coroutine is put into the ready queue (and there are no other
47			coroutines in the ready queue), a timer with an C<after> value of C<0> is
48			registered with AnyEvent.
49
50			This creates something similar to an I<idle> watcher, i.e. a watcher
51			that keeps the event loop from blocking but still polls for new
52			events. (Unfortunately, some badly designed event loops (e.g. Event::Lib)
53			don't support a timeout of C<0> and will always block for a bit).
54
55			The callback for that timer will C<cede> to other coroutines of the same
56			or higher priority for as long as such coroutines exists. This has the
57			effect of running all coroutines that have work to do will all coroutines
58			block to wait for external events.
59
60			If no coroutines of equal or higher priority are ready, it will cede
61			to any coroutine, but only once. This has the effect of running
62			lower-priority coroutines as well, but it will not keep higher priority
63			coroutines from receiving new events.
64
65			The priority used is simply the priority of the coroutine that runs the
66			event loop, usually the main program, and the priority is usually C<0>.
67
68	root	1.4	=item * provide a suitable idle callback.
69	root	1.2
70			In addition to hooking into C<ready>, this module will also provide a
71			C<$Coro::idle> handler that runs the event loop. It is best not to rely on
72	root	1.4	this, as this is rather inefficient.
73
74			=item * provide overrides for AnyEvent's condvars
75
76			This module installs overrides for AnyEvent's condvars. That is, when
77			the module is loaded it will provide its own condition variables. This
78			makes the coroutine-safe, i.e. you can safely block on them from within a
79			coroutine.
80
81			=item * lead to data corruption or worse
82
83			As C<unblock_sub> cannot be by this module (as it is the module that
84			implements it, basically), you must not call into the event loop
85			recursively from any coroutine. This is not usually a difficult
86			restriction to live with, just use condvars, C<unblock_sub> or other means
87			of inter-coroutine-communications.
88
89			If you use a module that supports AnyEvent (or uses the same event loop
90			as AnyEvent, making the compatible), and it offers callbacks of any kind,
91			then you must not block in them, either (or use e.g. C<unblock_sub>), see
92			the description of C<unblock_sub> in the L<Coro> module.
93
94			This also means that you should load the module as early as possible,
95			as only condvars created after this module has been loaded will work
96			correctly.
97	root	1.1
98			=cut
99
100			package Coro::AnyEvent;
101
102			no warnings;
103			use strict;
104
105			use Coro;
106			use AnyEvent ();
107
108			our $VERSION = '2.2';
109
110	root	1.5	#############################################################################
111			# idle handler
112
113	root	1.1	our $IDLE = new Coro sub {
114			while () {
115			AnyEvent->one_event;
116			&Coro::schedule;
117			}
118			};
119			$IDLE->{desc} = "[AnyEvent idle process]";
120
121	root	1.5	#############################################################################
122			# 0-timeout idle emulation watcher
123
124	root	1.1	our $ACTIVITY;
125
126			sub _activity {
127			$ACTIVITY \|\|= AnyEvent->timer (after => 0, cb => \&_schedule);
128			}
129
130			sub _detect {
131	root	1.5	unshift @AnyEvent::ISA, "Coro::AnyEvent::Condvar";
132
133	root	1.1	my $model = AnyEvent::detect;
134
135			if ($model eq "AnyEvent::Impl::EV" \|\| $model eq "AnyEvent::Impl::CoroEV") {
136			require Coro::EV;
137			Coro::_set_readyhook undef;
138			} elsif ($model eq "AnyEvent::Impl::Event" \|\| $model eq "AnyEvent::Impl::CoroEvent") {
139			require Coro::Event;
140			Coro::_set_readyhook undef;
141			} else {
142			Coro::_set_readyhook \&_activity;
143			$Coro::idle = sub {
144	root	1.6	local $ACTIVITY = 1; # hack to keep it from being set by the ready call
145	root	1.1	$IDLE->ready;
146			};
147			}
148			}
149
150	root	1.5	if ($AnyEvent::MODEL) {
151			_detect;
152			} else {
153			push @AnyEvent::detect, \&_detect;
154			Coro::_set_readyhook \&AnyEvent::detect;
155			}
156
157			#############################################################################
158			# override condvars
159
160			package Coro::AnyEvent::Condvar;
161
162			use Coro::Signal ();
163
164			sub condvar {
165			bless [], __PACKAGE__
166			}
167
168			sub broadcast {
169			$_[0][0] = 1;
170			$_[0][1]->ready if $_[0][1];
171			}
172
173			sub wait {
174			while (!$_[0][0]) {
175			local $_[0][1] = $Coro::current;
176			Coro::schedule;
177			}
178			}
179	root	1.1
180			1;
181
182	root	1.3	=head1 SEE ALSO
183
184			L<AnyEvent>, to see which event loops are supported, L<Coro::EV> and
185			L<Coro::Event> for more efficient and more correct solutions (they will be
186			used automatically if applicable).
187
188	root	1.1	=head1 AUTHOR
189
190			Marc Lehmann <schmorp@schmorp.de>
191			http://home.schmorp.de/
192
193			=cut
194