fcrackzip/fcrackzip.1

.TH FCRACKZIP 1 "Free/Fast Zip Password Cracker"
.SH NAME
.I fcrackzip
\- a Free/Fast Zip Password Cracker
.SH SYNOPSIS
.B fcrackzip
[-bDBchVvplum2] [--brute-force] [--dictionary] [--benchmark] [--charset characterset]
[--help] [--validate] [--verbose] [--init-password string/path] [--length min-max]
[--use-unzip] [--method name] [--modulo r/m] file...
.SH DESCRIPTION
.I fcrackzip
searches each zipfile given for encrypted files and tries to guess the
password. All files must be encrypted with the same password, the more
files you provide, the better.
.SS OPTIONS
.TP
.B \-h, \--help
Prints the version number and (hopefully) some helpful insights.
.TP
.B \-v, \--verbose
Each -v makes the program more verbose.
.TP
.B \-b, \--brute-force
Select brute force mode. This tries all possible combinations
of the letters you specify.
.TP
.B \-D, \--dictionary
Select dictionary mode. In this mode, fcrackzip will read passwords
from a file, which must contain one password per line and should be
alphabetically sorted (e.g. using \fBsort(1)\fR).
.TP
.B \-c, \--charset characterset-specification
Select the characters to use in brute-force cracking. Must be one
of

.nf
  a   include all lowercase characters [a-z]
  A   include all uppercase characters [A-Z]
  1   include the digits [0-9]
  !   include [!:$%&/()=?{[]}+*~#]
  :   the following characters upto the end of the spe-
      cification string are included in the character set.
      This way you can include any character except binary
      null (at least under unix).
.fi

For example, a1:$% selects lowercase characters, digits and the dollar and
percent signs.
.TP
.B \-p, \--init-password string
Set initial (starting) password for brute-force searching to \fIstring\fR,
or use the file with the name \fIstring\fR to supply passwords for dictionary
searching.
.TP
.B \-l, \--length min[-max]
Use an initial password of length min, and check all passwords
upto passwords of length max (including). You can omit the max
parameter.
.TP
.B \-u, \--use-unzip
Try to decompress the first file by calling unzip with the guessed
password. This weeds out false positives when not enough files have
been given.
.TP
.B \-m, \--method name
Use method number "name" instead of the default cracking method. The
switch \fB--help\fR will print a list of available methods. Use
\fB--benchmark\fR to see which method does perform best on your
machine. The \fBname\fR can also be the number of the method to use.
.TP
.B \-2, \--modulo r/m
Calculate only r/m of the password. Not yet supported.
.TP
.B \-B, \--benchmark
Make a small benchmark, the output is nearly meaningless.
.TP
.B -V, \--validate
Make some basic checks wether the cracker works.
.SH ZIP PASSWORD BASICS
Have you ever mis-typed a password for unzip? Unzip reacted pretty fast with
\'incorrect password\', \fIwithout\fR decrypting the whole file. While the
encryption algorithm used by zip is relatively secure, PK made cracking easy
by providing hooks for very fast password-checking, directly in the zip
file. Understanding these is crucial to zip password cracking:

For each password that is tried, the first twelve bytes of the file are
decrypted. Depending on the version of zip used to encrypt the file (more on
that later), the first ten or eleven bytes are random, followed by one or
two bytes whose values are stored elsewhere in the zip file, i.e. are known
beforehand. If these last bytes don't have the correct (known) value, the
password is definitely wrong. If the bytes are correct, the password
\fImight\fR be correct, but the only method to find out is to unzip the file
and compare the uncompressed length and crc\'s.

Earlier versions of pkzip (1.xx) (and, incidentally, many zip clones for
other operating systems!) stored two known bytes. Thus the error rate was
roughly 1/2^16 = 0.01%. PKWARE \'improved\' (interesting what industry calls
improved) the security of their format by only including one byte, so the
possibility of false passwords is now raised to 0.4%. Unfortunately, there
is no real way to distinguish one byte from two byte formats, so we have to
be conservative.
.SH BRUTE FORCE MODE
By default, brute force starts at the given starting password, and
successively tries all combinations until they are exhausted, printing all
passwords that it detects, together with a rough correctness indicator.

The starting password given by the \fI-p\fR switch determines the length.
fcrackzip will not currently increase the password length automatically, unless
the \fI-l\fR switch is used.
.SH DICTIONARY MODE
This mode is similar to brute force mode, but instead of generating passwords
using a given set of characters and a length, the passwords will be read from
a file that you have to specify using the \fI-p\fR switch.
.SH CP MASK
A CP mask is a method to obscure images or parts of images using a
password.  These obscured images can be restored even when saved as JPEG
files. In most of these files the password is actually hidden and can
be decoded easily (using one of the many available viewer and masking
programs, e.g. xv). If you convert the image the password, however, is
lost. The \fBcpmask\fR crack method can be used to brute-force these
images. Instead of a zip file you supply the obscured part (and nothing
else) of the image in the \fBPPM\fR-Image Format (\fBxv\fR and other
viewers can easily do this).

The \fBcpmask\fR method can only cope with password composed of uppercase
letters, so be sure to supply the \fB--charset A\fR or equivalent option,
together with a suitable initialization password.
.SH EXAMPLES
.TP
.B fcrackzip -c a -p aaaaaa sample.zip
checks the encrypted files in sample.zip for all lowercase 6 character
passwords (aaaaaa ... abaaba ... ghfgrg ... zzzzzz).
.TP
.B fcrackzip --method cpmask --charset A --init AAAA test.ppm
checks the obscured image \fBtest.ppm\fR for all four character passwords.
-TP
.B fcrackzip -D -p passwords.txt sample.zip
check for every password listed in the file \fBpasswords.txt\fR.
.SH PERFORMANCE
\fIfzc\fR, which seems to be widely used as a fast password cracker,
claims to make 204570 checks per second on my machine (measured under plain
dos w/o memory manager).

\fIfcrackzip\fR, being written in C and not in assembler, naturally
is slower. Measured on a slightly loaded unix (same machine), it\'s 12
percent slower (the compiler used was \fIpgcc\fR, from
\fBhttp://www.gcc.ml.org/\fR).

To remedy this a bit, I converted small parts of the encryption core to x86
assembler (it will still compile on non x86 machines), and now it\'s about
4-12 percent faster than \fIfzc\fR (again, the \fIfcrackzip\fR performance
was measured under a multitasking os, so there are inevitably some
meaurement errors), so there shouldn't be a tempting reason to switch to
other programs.

Further improvements are definitely possible: \fIfzc\fR took 4 years to get
into shape, while fcrackzip was hacked together in under 10 hours. And not to
forget you have the source, while other programs (like \fIfzc\fR), even come
as an \fIencrypted .exe\fR file (maybe because their programmers are afraid
of other people could having a look at their lack of programming skills?
nobody knows...)
.SH RATIONALE
The reason I wrote \fIfcrackzip\fR was \fBNOT\fR to have the fastest zip
cracker available, but to provide a \fIportable\fR, \fIfree\fR (thus
\fIextensible\fR), but still \fIfast\fR zip password cracker. I was really
pissed of with that dumb, nonextendable zipcrackers that were either slow,
were too limited, or wouldn't run in the background (say, under unix). (And
you can't run them on your superfast 600Mhz Alpha).
.SH BUGS
No automatic unzip checking.
.PP
Stop/resume facility is missing.
.PP
Should be able to distinguish between files with 16 bit stored CRC\'s and 8
bit stored CRC\'s.
.PP
\The benchmark does not work on all systems.
.PP
It's still early alpha.
.PP
Method "cpmask" only accepts ppms.
.PP
Could be faster.
.SH AUTHOR
\fIfcrackzip\fR was written by Marc Lehmann <pcg@goof.com>. The main
\fIfcrackzip\fR page is at \fBhttp://www.goof.com/pcg/marc/fcrackzip.html\fR)

Revision:	1.1
Committed:	Mon Aug 4 07:09:50 2008 UTC (15 years, 9 months ago) by root
Branch:	MAIN
CVS Tags:	HEAD
Log Message:	initial check-in, also 1.0 check-in
#	User	Rev	Content
1	root	1.1	.TH FCRACKZIP 1 "Free/Fast Zip Password Cracker"
2			.SH NAME
3			.I fcrackzip
4			\- a Free/Fast Zip Password Cracker
5			.SH SYNOPSIS
6			.B fcrackzip
7			[-bDBchVvplum2] [--brute-force] [--dictionary] [--benchmark] [--charset characterset]
8			[--help] [--validate] [--verbose] [--init-password string/path] [--length min-max]
9			[--use-unzip] [--method name] [--modulo r/m] file...
10			.SH DESCRIPTION
11			.I fcrackzip
12			searches each zipfile given for encrypted files and tries to guess the
13			password. All files must be encrypted with the same password, the more
14			files you provide, the better.
15			.SS OPTIONS
16			.TP
17			.B \-h, \--help
18			Prints the version number and (hopefully) some helpful insights.
19			.TP
20			.B \-v, \--verbose
21			Each -v makes the program more verbose.
22			.TP
23			.B \-b, \--brute-force
24			Select brute force mode. This tries all possible combinations
25			of the letters you specify.
26			.TP
27			.B \-D, \--dictionary
28			Select dictionary mode. In this mode, fcrackzip will read passwords
29			from a file, which must contain one password per line and should be
30			alphabetically sorted (e.g. using \fBsort(1)\fR).
31			.TP
32			.B \-c, \--charset characterset-specification
33			Select the characters to use in brute-force cracking. Must be one
34			of
35
36			.nf
37			a include all lowercase characters [a-z]
38			A include all uppercase characters [A-Z]
39			1 include the digits [0-9]
40			! include [!:$%&/()=?{[]}+*~#]
41			: the following characters upto the end of the spe-
42			cification string are included in the character set.
43			This way you can include any character except binary
44			null (at least under unix).
45			.fi
46
47			For example, a1:$% selects lowercase characters, digits and the dollar and
48			percent signs.
49			.TP
50			.B \-p, \--init-password string
51			Set initial (starting) password for brute-force searching to \fIstring\fR,
52			or use the file with the name \fIstring\fR to supply passwords for dictionary
53			searching.
54			.TP
55			.B \-l, \--length min[-max]
56			Use an initial password of length min, and check all passwords
57			upto passwords of length max (including). You can omit the max
58			parameter.
59			.TP
60			.B \-u, \--use-unzip
61			Try to decompress the first file by calling unzip with the guessed
62			password. This weeds out false positives when not enough files have
63			been given.
64			.TP
65			.B \-m, \--method name
66			Use method number "name" instead of the default cracking method. The
67			switch \fB--help\fR will print a list of available methods. Use
68			\fB--benchmark\fR to see which method does perform best on your
69			machine. The \fBname\fR can also be the number of the method to use.
70			.TP
71			.B \-2, \--modulo r/m
72			Calculate only r/m of the password. Not yet supported.
73			.TP
74			.B \-B, \--benchmark
75			Make a small benchmark, the output is nearly meaningless.
76			.TP
77			.B -V, \--validate
78			Make some basic checks wether the cracker works.
79			.SH ZIP PASSWORD BASICS
80			Have you ever mis-typed a password for unzip? Unzip reacted pretty fast with
81			\'incorrect password\', \fIwithout\fR decrypting the whole file. While the
82			encryption algorithm used by zip is relatively secure, PK made cracking easy
83			by providing hooks for very fast password-checking, directly in the zip
84			file. Understanding these is crucial to zip password cracking:
85
86			For each password that is tried, the first twelve bytes of the file are
87			decrypted. Depending on the version of zip used to encrypt the file (more on
88			that later), the first ten or eleven bytes are random, followed by one or
89			two bytes whose values are stored elsewhere in the zip file, i.e. are known
90			beforehand. If these last bytes don't have the correct (known) value, the
91			password is definitely wrong. If the bytes are correct, the password
92			\fImight\fR be correct, but the only method to find out is to unzip the file
93			and compare the uncompressed length and crc\'s.
94
95			Earlier versions of pkzip (1.xx) (and, incidentally, many zip clones for
96			other operating systems!) stored two known bytes. Thus the error rate was
97			roughly 1/2^16 = 0.01%. PKWARE \'improved\' (interesting what industry calls
98			improved) the security of their format by only including one byte, so the
99			possibility of false passwords is now raised to 0.4%. Unfortunately, there
100			is no real way to distinguish one byte from two byte formats, so we have to
101			be conservative.
102			.SH BRUTE FORCE MODE
103			By default, brute force starts at the given starting password, and
104			successively tries all combinations until they are exhausted, printing all
105			passwords that it detects, together with a rough correctness indicator.
106
107			The starting password given by the \fI-p\fR switch determines the length.
108			fcrackzip will not currently increase the password length automatically, unless
109			the \fI-l\fR switch is used.
110			.SH DICTIONARY MODE
111			This mode is similar to brute force mode, but instead of generating passwords
112			using a given set of characters and a length, the passwords will be read from
113			a file that you have to specify using the \fI-p\fR switch.
114			.SH CP MASK
115			A CP mask is a method to obscure images or parts of images using a
116			password. These obscured images can be restored even when saved as JPEG
117			files. In most of these files the password is actually hidden and can
118			be decoded easily (using one of the many available viewer and masking
119			programs, e.g. xv). If you convert the image the password, however, is
120			lost. The \fBcpmask\fR crack method can be used to brute-force these
121			images. Instead of a zip file you supply the obscured part (and nothing
122			else) of the image in the \fBPPM\fR-Image Format (\fBxv\fR and other
123			viewers can easily do this).
124
125			The \fBcpmask\fR method can only cope with password composed of uppercase
126			letters, so be sure to supply the \fB--charset A\fR or equivalent option,
127			together with a suitable initialization password.
128			.SH EXAMPLES
129			.TP
130			.B fcrackzip -c a -p aaaaaa sample.zip
131			checks the encrypted files in sample.zip for all lowercase 6 character
132			passwords (aaaaaa ... abaaba ... ghfgrg ... zzzzzz).
133			.TP
134			.B fcrackzip --method cpmask --charset A --init AAAA test.ppm
135			checks the obscured image \fBtest.ppm\fR for all four character passwords.
136			-TP
137			.B fcrackzip -D -p passwords.txt sample.zip
138			check for every password listed in the file \fBpasswords.txt\fR.
139			.SH PERFORMANCE
140			\fIfzc\fR, which seems to be widely used as a fast password cracker,
141			claims to make 204570 checks per second on my machine (measured under plain
142			dos w/o memory manager).
143
144			\fIfcrackzip\fR, being written in C and not in assembler, naturally
145			is slower. Measured on a slightly loaded unix (same machine), it\'s 12
146			percent slower (the compiler used was \fIpgcc\fR, from
147			\fBhttp://www.gcc.ml.org/\fR).
148
149			To remedy this a bit, I converted small parts of the encryption core to x86
150			assembler (it will still compile on non x86 machines), and now it\'s about
151			4-12 percent faster than \fIfzc\fR (again, the \fIfcrackzip\fR performance
152			was measured under a multitasking os, so there are inevitably some
153			meaurement errors), so there shouldn't be a tempting reason to switch to
154			other programs.
155
156			Further improvements are definitely possible: \fIfzc\fR took 4 years to get
157			into shape, while fcrackzip was hacked together in under 10 hours. And not to
158			forget you have the source, while other programs (like \fIfzc\fR), even come
159			as an \fIencrypted .exe\fR file (maybe because their programmers are afraid
160			of other people could having a look at their lack of programming skills?
161			nobody knows...)
162			.SH RATIONALE
163			The reason I wrote \fIfcrackzip\fR was \fBNOT\fR to have the fastest zip
164			cracker available, but to provide a \fIportable\fR, \fIfree\fR (thus
165			\fIextensible\fR), but still \fIfast\fR zip password cracker. I was really
166			pissed of with that dumb, nonextendable zipcrackers that were either slow,
167			were too limited, or wouldn't run in the background (say, under unix). (And
168			you can't run them on your superfast 600Mhz Alpha).
169			.SH BUGS
170			No automatic unzip checking.
171			.PP
172			Stop/resume facility is missing.
173			.PP
174			Should be able to distinguish between files with 16 bit stored CRC\'s and 8
175			bit stored CRC\'s.
176			.PP
177			\The benchmark does not work on all systems.
178			.PP
179			It's still early alpha.
180			.PP
181			Method "cpmask" only accepts ppms.
182			.PP
183			Could be faster.
184			.SH AUTHOR
185			\fIfcrackzip\fR was written by Marc Lehmann <pcg@goof.com>. The main
186			\fIfcrackzip\fR page is at \fBhttp://www.goof.com/pcg/marc/fcrackzip.html\fR)
187