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Revision: 1.4
Committed: Thu Jan 27 06:16:16 2005 UTC (19 years, 3 months ago) by pcg
Branch: MAIN
CVS Tags: rel-1_7
Changes since 1.3: +5 -5 lines
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# User Rev Content
1 pcg 1.1 =head1 NAME
2    
3     gvpe.conf - configuration file for the GNU VPE daemon
4    
5     =head1 SYNOPSIS
6    
7     enable-udp = yes
8     udp-port = 407
9     mtu = 1492
10     ifname = vpn0
11    
12     node = branch1
13     hostname = 1.2.3.4
14    
15     node = branch2
16     hostname = www.example.net
17     udp-port = 500 # this host uses a different udp-port
18    
19     node = branch3
20     connect = ondemand
21    
22     =head1 DESCRIPTION
23    
24     The gvpe config file consists of a series of lines that contain C<variable
25     = value> pairs. Empty lines are ignored. Comments start with a C<#> and
26     extend to the end of the line. They can be used on their own lines, or
27     after any directives. Spaces are allowed before or after the C<=> sign or
28     after values, but not within the variable names or values themselves.
29    
30     The only exception to the above is the "on" directive that can prefix any
31     C<name = value> setting and will only "execute" it on the named node, or
32     (if the nodename starts with "!") on all nodes except the named one.
33    
34     name = value
35     on branch1 loglevel = noise
36     on !branch2 connect = ondemand
37    
38     All settings are executed "in order", that is, later settings of the same
39     variable overwrite earlier ones.
40    
41     =head1 ANATOMY OF A CONFIG FILE
42    
43     Usually, a config file starts with global settings (like the udp port to
44     listen on), followed by node-specific sections that begin with a C<node =
45     nickname> line.
46    
47     Every node that is part of the network must have a section that starts
48     with C<node = nickname>. The number and order of the nodes is important
49     and must be the same on all hosts. It is not uncommon for node sections to
50     be completely empty - if the default values are right.
51    
52     Node-specific settings can be used at any time. If used before the first
53     node section they will set the default values for all following nodes.
54    
55     =head1 CONFIG VARIABLES
56    
57     =head2 GLOBAL SETTINGS
58    
59     Global settings will affect the behaviour of the running gvpe daemon, that
60     is, they are in some sense node-specific (config files can set different
61     values on different nodes using C<on>), but will affect the behaviour of
62     the gvpe daemon and all connections it creates.
63    
64     =over 4
65    
66     =item loglevel = noise|trace|debug|info|notice|warn|error|critical
67    
68     Set the logging level. Connection established messages are logged at level
69     C<info>, notable errors are logged with C<error>. Default is C<info>.
70    
71     =item node = nickname
72    
73     Not really a config setting but introduces a node section. The nickname is
74     used to select the right configuration section and must be passed as an
75     argument to the gvpe daemon.
76    
77     =item private-key = relative-path-to-key
78    
79     Sets the path (relative to the config directory) to the private key
80     (default: C<hostkey>). This is a printf format string so every C<%> must
81     be doubled. A single C<%s> is replaced by the hostname, so you could
82     use paths like C<hostkeys/%s> to fetch the files at the location where
83     C<gvpectrl> puts them.
84    
85     Since only the private key file of the current node is used and the
86     private key file should be kept secret per-host to avoid spoofings, it is
87     not recommended to use this feature.
88    
89     =item ifpersist = yes|true|on | no|false|off
90    
91     Should the tun/tap device be made persistent, that is, should the device
92     stay up even when gvpe exits? Some versions of the tunnel device have
93     problems sending packets when gvpe is restarted in persistent mode, so
94     if the connections can be established but you cannot send packets from
95     the local node, try to set this to C<off> and do an ifconfig down on the
96     device.
97    
98     =item ifname = devname
99    
100     Sets the tun interface name to the given name. The default is OS-specific
101     and most probably something like C<tun0>.
102    
103     =item rekey = seconds
104    
105     Sets the rekeying interval in seconds (default: C<3600>). Connections are
106     reestablished every C<rekey> seconds.
107    
108     =item keepalive = seconds
109    
110     Sets the keepalive probe interval in seconds (default: C<60>). After this
111     many seconds of inactivity the daemon will start to send keepalive probe
112     every 5 seconds until it receives a reply from the other end. If no reply
113     is received within 30 seconds, the peer is considered unreachable and the
114     connection is closed.
115    
116     =item mtu = bytes
117    
118     Sets the maximum MTU that should be used on outgoing packets (basically
119     the MTU of the outgoing interface) The daemon will automatically calculate
120     maximum overhead (e.g. udp header size, encryption blocksize...) and pass
121     this information to the C<if-up> script.
122    
123     Recommended values are 1500 (ethernet), 1492 (pppoe), 1472 (pptp).
124    
125     This value must be the minimum of the mtu values of all hosts.
126    
127     =item ip-proto = numerical-ip-protocol
128    
129     Sets the protocol number to be used for the rawip protocol. This is a
130     global option because all hosts must use the same protocol, and since
131     there are no port numbers, you cannot easily run more than one gvpe
132     instance using the same protocol, nor can you share the protocol with
133     other programs.
134    
135     The default is 47 (GRE), which has a good chance of tunneling through
136     firewalls (but note that the rawip protocol is not GRE compatible). Other
137     common choices are 50 (IPSEC, ESP), 51 (IPSEC, AH), 4 (IPIP tunnels) or 98
138     (ENCAP, rfc1241)
139    
140     =item if-up = relative-or-absolute-path
141    
142     Sets the path of a script that should be called immediately after the
143     network interface is initialized (but not neccessarily up). The following
144     environment variables are passed to it (the values are just examples):
145    
146     =over 4
147    
148     =item CONFBASE=/etc/gvpe
149    
150     The configuration base directory.
151    
152     =item IFNAME=vpn0
153    
154     The interface to initialize.
155    
156     =item MTU=1436
157    
158     The MTU to set the interface to. You can use lower values (if done
159     consistently on all hosts), but this is usually ineffective.
160    
161     =item MAC=fe:fd:80:00:00:01
162    
163     The MAC address to set the interface to. The script *must* set the
164     interface MAC to this value. You will most likely use one of these:
165    
166     ip link set $IFNAME address $MAC mtu $MTU up # GNU/Linux
167     ifconfig $IFNAME ether $MAC mtu $MTU up # FreeBSD
168    
169     Please see the C<gvpe.osdep(5)> manpage for platform-specific information.
170    
171     =item IFTYPE=native # or tincd
172    
173     =item IFSUBTYPE=linux # or freebsd, darwin etc..
174    
175     The interface type (C<native> or C<tincd>) and the subtype (usually the os
176     name in lowercase) that this gvpe was configured for. Can be used to select
177     the correct syntax to use for network-related commands.
178    
179     =item NODENAME=branch1
180    
181     The nickname of the current node, as passed to the gvpe daemon.
182    
183     =item NODEID=1
184    
185     The numerical node id of the current node. The first node mentioned in the
186     config file gets ID 1, the second ID 2 and so on.
187    
188     =back
189    
190     Here is a simple if-up script:
191    
192     #!/bin/sh
193     ip link set $IFNAME address $MAC mtu $MTU up
194     [ $NODENAME = branch1 ] && ip addr add 10.0.0.1 dev $IFNAME
195     [ $NODENAME = branch2 ] && ip addr add 10.1.0.1 dev $IFNAME
196     ip route add 10.0.0.0/8 dev $IFNAME
197    
198     More complicated examples (using routing to reduce arp traffic) can be
199     found in the etc/ subdirectory of the distribution.
200    
201     =item node-up = relative-or-absolute-path
202    
203     Sets a command (default: no script) that should be called whenever a
204     connection is established (even on rekeying operations). In addition
205     to the variables passed to C<if-up> scripts, the following environment
206     variables will be set:
207    
208     =over 4
209    
210     =item DESTNODE=branch2
211    
212     The name of the remote node.
213    
214     =item DESTID=2
215    
216     The node id of the remote node.
217    
218     =item DESTIP=188.13.66.8
219    
220     The numerical IP address of the remote host (gvpe accepts connections from
221     everywhere, as long as the other host can authenticate itself).
222    
223     =item DESTPORT=655 # deprecated
224    
225     The UDP port used by the other side.
226    
227     =item STATE=UP
228    
229     Node-up scripts get called with STATE=UP, node-down scripts get called
230     with STATE=DOWN.
231    
232     =back
233    
234     Here is a nontrivial example that uses nsupdate to update the name => ip
235     mapping in some dns zone:
236    
237     #!/bin/sh
238     {
239     echo update delete $DESTNODE.lowttl.example.net. a
240     echo update add $DESTNODE.lowttl.example.net. 1 in a $DESTIP
241     echo
242     } | nsupdate -d -k $CONFBASE:key.example.net.
243    
244     =item node-down = relative-or-absolute-path
245    
246     Same as C<node-up>, but gets called whenever a connection is lost.
247    
248     =item http-proxy-host = hostname/ip
249    
250     The C<http-proxy-*> family of options are only available if gvpe was
251     compiled with the C<--enable-http-proxy> option and enable tunneling of
252     tcp connections through a http proxy server.
253    
254     C<http-proxy-host> and C<http-proxy-port> should specify the hostname and
255     port number of the proxy server. See C<http-proxy-loginpw> if your proxy
256     requires authentication.
257    
258     Please note that gvpe will still try to resolve all hostnames in the
259     configuration file, so if you are behind a proxy without access to a dns
260     server better use numerical IP addresses.
261    
262     To make best use of this option disable all protocols except tcp in your
263     config file and make sure your routers (or all other hosts) are listening
264     on a port that the proxy allows (443, https, is a common choice).
265    
266     If you have a router, connecting to it will suffice. Otherwise tcp must be
267     enabled on all hosts.
268    
269     Example:
270    
271     http-proxy-host = proxy.example.com
272     http-proxy-port = 3128 # 8080 is another common choice
273     http-proxy-auth = schmorp:grumbeere
274    
275     =item http-proxy-port = proxy-tcp-port
276    
277     The port where your proxy server listens.
278    
279     =item http-proxy-auth = login:password
280    
281     The optional login and password used to authenticate to the proxy server,
282     seperated by a literal colon (C<:>). Only basic authentication is
283     currently supported.
284    
285     =item pid-file = path
286    
287     The path to the pid file to check and create (Default:
288    
289     =back
290    
291     =head2 NODE SPECIFIC SETTINGS
292    
293     The following settings are node-specific, that is, every node can have
294     different settings, even within the same gvpe instance. Settings that are
295     executed before the first node section set the defaults, settings that are
296     executed within a node section only apply to the given node.
297    
298     =over 4
299    
300     =item udp-port = port-number
301    
302     Sets the port number used by the UDP protocol (default: C<655>, not
303     officially assigned by IANA!).
304    
305     =item tcp-port = port-number
306    
307     Similar to C<udp-port> (default: C<655>), but sets the TCP port number.
308    
309     =item enable-rawip = yes|true|on | no|false|off
310    
311     Enable the RAW IPv4 transport using the C<ip-proto> protocol
312     (default: C<no>). This is the best choice, since the overhead per packet
313     is only 38 bytes, as opposed to UDP's 58 (or TCP's 60+).
314    
315     =item enable-udp = yes|true|on | no|false|off
316    
317     Enable the UDPv4 transport using the C<udp-port> port (default: C<yes>,
318     but this will change!). This is a good general choice since UDP tunnels
319     well through many firewalls.
320    
321     NOTE: Please specify C<enable-udp = yes> even though it is the default, as
322     some future version will have all protocols disabled by default.
323    
324     =item enable-tcp = yes|true|on | no|false|off
325    
326     Enable the TCPv4 transport using the C<tcp-port> port
327     (default: C<no>). Support for this horribly unsuitable protocol is only
328     available when gvpe was compiled using the C<--enable-tcp> option. Never
329     use this transport unless you really must, it is horribly ineffiecent and
330     resource-intensive compared to the other transports.
331    
332 pcg 1.2 =item router-priority = 0 | 1 | positive-number>2
333 pcg 1.1
334     Sets the router priority of the given host (default: C<0>, disabled). If
335     some host tries to connect to another host without a hostname, it asks
336     the router host for it's IP address. The router host is the one with the
337 pcg 1.2 highest priority larger than C<1> that is currently reachable.
338 pcg 1.1
339 pcg 1.2 Make sure all hosts always connect (C<connect = always>) to the router
340     hosts, otherwise connecting to them might be impossible.
341    
342     The special value C<1> allows other hosts to route through the router
343     host, but they will never route through it by default. The value C<0>
344     disables routing. The idea behind this is that some hosts can, if
345     required, bump the C<router-priority> setting to higher than C<1> in their
346     local config to route through specific hosts. If C<router-priority> is
347     C<0>, then routing will be refused, so C<1> serves as a "enable, but do
348     not use by default" switch.
349    
350     =item connect = ondemand | never | always | disabled
351 pcg 1.1
352     Sets the connect mode (default: C<always>). It can be C<always> (always
353 pcg 1.2 try to establish and keep a connection to the given host), C<never>
354 pcg 1.3 (never initiate a connection to the given host, but accept connections),
355 pcg 1.1 C<ondemand> (try to establish a connection on the first packet sent, and
356     take it down after the keepalive interval) or C<disabled> (node is bad,
357     don't talk to it).
358    
359     =item inherit-tos = yes|true|on | no|false|off
360    
361     Wether to inherit the TOS settings of packets sent to the tunnel when
362     sending packets to this node (default: C<yes>). If set to C<yes> then
363     outgoing tunnel packets will have the same TOS setting as the packets sent
364     to the tunnel device, which is usually what you want.
365    
366     =item compress = yes|true|on | no|false|off
367    
368     Wether to compress data packets sent to this host (default: C<yes>).
369     Compression is really cheap even on slow computers and has no size
370     overhead at all, so enabling this is a good idea.
371    
372     =item max-retry = positive-number
373    
374     The maximum interval in seconds (default: C<28800>, 8 hours) between
375     retries to establish a connection to this node. When a connection cannot
376     be established, gvpe uses exponential backoff capped at this value. It's
377     sometimes useful to set this to a much lower value (e.g. C<120>) on
378     connections to routers that usually are stable but sometimes are down, to
379     assure quick reconnections.
380    
381     =back
382    
383     =head1 CONFIG DIRECTORY LAYOUT
384    
385     The default (or recommended) directory layout for the config directory is:
386    
387     =over 4
388    
389 pcg 1.4 =item X<gvpe.conf>
390 pcg 1.1
391     The config file.
392    
393 pcg 1.4 =item X<if-up>
394 pcg 1.1
395     The if-up script
396    
397 pcg 1.4 =item X<node-up>, X<node-down>
398 pcg 1.1
399     If used the node up or node-down scripts.
400    
401 pcg 1.4 =item X<hostkey>
402 pcg 1.1
403     The private key (taken from C<hostkeys/nodename>) of the current host.
404    
405 pcg 1.4 =item X<pubkey/nodename>
406 pcg 1.1
407     The public keys of the other nodes, one file per node.
408    
409     =back
410    
411     =head1 SEE ALSO
412    
413     gvpe(5), gvpe(8), gvpectrl(8).
414    
415     =head1 AUTHOR
416    
417     Marc Lehmann <gvpe@plan9.de>
418