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Revision: 1.6
Committed: Thu Mar 3 07:24:57 2005 UTC (19 years, 2 months ago) by pcg
Branch: MAIN
Changes since 1.5: +10 -9 lines
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131     .IX Title "GVPE.CONF 5"
132 pcg 1.6 .TH GVPE.CONF 5 "2005-03-01" "1.7" "GNU Virtual Private Ethernet"
133 pcg 1.1 .SH "NAME"
134     gvpe.conf \- configuration file for the GNU VPE daemon
135     .SH "SYNOPSIS"
136     .IX Header "SYNOPSIS"
137 pcg 1.6 .Vb 3
138 pcg 1.1 \& udp-port = 407
139     \& mtu = 1492
140     \& ifname = vpn0
141     .Ve
142     .PP
143     .Vb 2
144     \& node = branch1
145     \& hostname = 1.2.3.4
146     .Ve
147     .PP
148     .Vb 3
149     \& node = branch2
150     \& hostname = www.example.net
151     \& udp-port = 500 # this host uses a different udp-port
152     .Ve
153     .PP
154     .Vb 2
155     \& node = branch3
156     \& connect = ondemand
157     .Ve
158     .SH "DESCRIPTION"
159     .IX Header "DESCRIPTION"
160     The gvpe config file consists of a series of lines that contain \f(CW\*(C`variable
161     = value\*(C'\fR pairs. Empty lines are ignored. Comments start with a \f(CW\*(C`#\*(C'\fR and
162     extend to the end of the line. They can be used on their own lines, or
163     after any directives. Spaces are allowed before or after the \f(CW\*(C`=\*(C'\fR sign or
164     after values, but not within the variable names or values themselves.
165     .PP
166     The only exception to the above is the \*(L"on\*(R" directive that can prefix any
167     \&\f(CW\*(C`name = value\*(C'\fR setting and will only \*(L"execute\*(R" it on the named node, or
168     (if the nodename starts with \*(L"!\*(R") on all nodes except the named one.
169     .PP
170     .Vb 3
171     \& name = value
172     \& on branch1 loglevel = noise
173     \& on !branch2 connect = ondemand
174     .Ve
175     .PP
176     All settings are executed \*(L"in order\*(R", that is, later settings of the same
177     variable overwrite earlier ones.
178     .SH "ANATOMY OF A CONFIG FILE"
179     .IX Header "ANATOMY OF A CONFIG FILE"
180     Usually, a config file starts with global settings (like the udp port to
181     listen on), followed by node-specific sections that begin with a \f(CW\*(C`node =
182     nickname\*(C'\fR line.
183     .PP
184     Every node that is part of the network must have a section that starts
185     with \f(CW\*(C`node = nickname\*(C'\fR. The number and order of the nodes is important
186     and must be the same on all hosts. It is not uncommon for node sections to
187     be completely empty \- if the default values are right.
188     .PP
189     Node-specific settings can be used at any time. If used before the first
190     node section they will set the default values for all following nodes.
191     .SH "CONFIG VARIABLES"
192     .IX Header "CONFIG VARIABLES"
193     .Sh "\s-1GLOBAL\s0 \s-1SETTINGS\s0"
194     .IX Subsection "GLOBAL SETTINGS"
195     Global settings will affect the behaviour of the running gvpe daemon, that
196     is, they are in some sense node-specific (config files can set different
197     values on different nodes using \f(CW\*(C`on\*(C'\fR), but will affect the behaviour of
198     the gvpe daemon and all connections it creates.
199     .IP "loglevel = noise|trace|debug|info|notice|warn|error|critical" 4
200     .IX Item "loglevel = noise|trace|debug|info|notice|warn|error|critical"
201     Set the logging level. Connection established messages are logged at level
202     \&\f(CW\*(C`info\*(C'\fR, notable errors are logged with \f(CW\*(C`error\*(C'\fR. Default is \f(CW\*(C`info\*(C'\fR.
203     .IP "node = nickname" 4
204     .IX Item "node = nickname"
205     Not really a config setting but introduces a node section. The nickname is
206     used to select the right configuration section and must be passed as an
207     argument to the gvpe daemon.
208     .IP "private-key = relative-path-to-key" 4
209     .IX Item "private-key = relative-path-to-key"
210     Sets the path (relative to the config directory) to the private key
211     (default: \f(CW\*(C`hostkey\*(C'\fR). This is a printf format string so every \f(CW\*(C`%\*(C'\fR must
212     be doubled. A single \f(CW%s\fR is replaced by the hostname, so you could
213     use paths like \f(CW\*(C`hostkeys/%s\*(C'\fR to fetch the files at the location where
214     \&\f(CW\*(C`gvpectrl\*(C'\fR puts them.
215     .Sp
216     Since only the private key file of the current node is used and the
217     private key file should be kept secret per-host to avoid spoofings, it is
218     not recommended to use this feature.
219     .IP "ifpersist = yes|true|on | no|false|off" 4
220     .IX Item "ifpersist = yes|true|on | no|false|off"
221     Should the tun/tap device be made persistent, that is, should the device
222     stay up even when gvpe exits? Some versions of the tunnel device have
223     problems sending packets when gvpe is restarted in persistent mode, so
224     if the connections can be established but you cannot send packets from
225     the local node, try to set this to \f(CW\*(C`off\*(C'\fR and do an ifconfig down on the
226     device.
227     .IP "ifname = devname" 4
228     .IX Item "ifname = devname"
229     Sets the tun interface name to the given name. The default is OS-specific
230     and most probably something like \f(CW\*(C`tun0\*(C'\fR.
231     .IP "rekey = seconds" 4
232     .IX Item "rekey = seconds"
233     Sets the rekeying interval in seconds (default: \f(CW3600\fR). Connections are
234     reestablished every \f(CW\*(C`rekey\*(C'\fR seconds.
235     .IP "keepalive = seconds" 4
236     .IX Item "keepalive = seconds"
237     Sets the keepalive probe interval in seconds (default: \f(CW60\fR). After this
238     many seconds of inactivity the daemon will start to send keepalive probe
239     every 5 seconds until it receives a reply from the other end. If no reply
240     is received within 30 seconds, the peer is considered unreachable and the
241     connection is closed.
242     .IP "mtu = bytes" 4
243     .IX Item "mtu = bytes"
244     Sets the maximum \s-1MTU\s0 that should be used on outgoing packets (basically
245     the \s-1MTU\s0 of the outgoing interface) The daemon will automatically calculate
246     maximum overhead (e.g. udp header size, encryption blocksize...) and pass
247     this information to the \f(CW\*(C`if\-up\*(C'\fR script.
248     .Sp
249     Recommended values are 1500 (ethernet), 1492 (pppoe), 1472 (pptp).
250     .Sp
251     This value must be the minimum of the mtu values of all hosts.
252     .IP "ip-proto = numerical-ip-protocol" 4
253     .IX Item "ip-proto = numerical-ip-protocol"
254     Sets the protocol number to be used for the rawip protocol. This is a
255     global option because all hosts must use the same protocol, and since
256     there are no port numbers, you cannot easily run more than one gvpe
257     instance using the same protocol, nor can you share the protocol with
258     other programs.
259     .Sp
260     The default is 47 (\s-1GRE\s0), which has a good chance of tunneling through
261     firewalls (but note that the rawip protocol is not \s-1GRE\s0 compatible). Other
262     common choices are 50 (\s-1IPSEC\s0, \s-1ESP\s0), 51 (\s-1IPSEC\s0, \s-1AH\s0), 4 (\s-1IPIP\s0 tunnels) or 98
263     (\s-1ENCAP\s0, rfc1241)
264     .IP "if-up = relative-or-absolute-path" 4
265     .IX Item "if-up = relative-or-absolute-path"
266     Sets the path of a script that should be called immediately after the
267     network interface is initialized (but not neccessarily up). The following
268     environment variables are passed to it (the values are just examples):
269     .RS 4
270     .IP "CONFBASE=/etc/gvpe" 4
271     .IX Item "CONFBASE=/etc/gvpe"
272     The configuration base directory.
273     .IP "IFNAME=vpn0" 4
274     .IX Item "IFNAME=vpn0"
275     The interface to initialize.
276     .IP "MTU=1436" 4
277     .IX Item "MTU=1436"
278     The \s-1MTU\s0 to set the interface to. You can use lower values (if done
279     consistently on all hosts), but this is usually ineffective.
280     .IP "MAC=fe:fd:80:00:00:01" 4
281     .IX Item "MAC=fe:fd:80:00:00:01"
282     The \s-1MAC\s0 address to set the interface to. The script *must* set the
283     interface \s-1MAC\s0 to this value. You will most likely use one of these:
284     .Sp
285     .Vb 2
286     \& ip link set $IFNAME address $MAC mtu $MTU up # GNU/Linux
287     \& ifconfig $IFNAME ether $MAC mtu $MTU up # FreeBSD
288     .Ve
289     .Sp
290     Please see the \f(CW\*(C`gvpe.osdep(5)\*(C'\fR manpage for platform-specific information.
291     .IP "IFTYPE=native # or tincd" 4
292     .IX Item "IFTYPE=native # or tincd"
293     .PD 0
294     .IP "IFSUBTYPE=linux # or freebsd, darwin etc.." 4
295     .IX Item "IFSUBTYPE=linux # or freebsd, darwin etc.."
296     .PD
297     The interface type (\f(CW\*(C`native\*(C'\fR or \f(CW\*(C`tincd\*(C'\fR) and the subtype (usually the os
298     name in lowercase) that this gvpe was configured for. Can be used to select
299     the correct syntax to use for network-related commands.
300     .IP "NODENAME=branch1" 4
301     .IX Item "NODENAME=branch1"
302     The nickname of the current node, as passed to the gvpe daemon.
303     .IP "NODEID=1" 4
304     .IX Item "NODEID=1"
305     The numerical node id of the current node. The first node mentioned in the
306     config file gets \s-1ID\s0 1, the second \s-1ID\s0 2 and so on.
307     .RE
308     .RS 4
309     .Sp
310     Here is a simple if-up script:
311     .Sp
312     .Vb 5
313     \& #!/bin/sh
314     \& ip link set $IFNAME address $MAC mtu $MTU up
315     \& [ $NODENAME = branch1 ] && ip addr add 10.0.0.1 dev $IFNAME
316     \& [ $NODENAME = branch2 ] && ip addr add 10.1.0.1 dev $IFNAME
317     \& ip route add 10.0.0.0/8 dev $IFNAME
318     .Ve
319     .Sp
320     More complicated examples (using routing to reduce arp traffic) can be
321     found in the etc/ subdirectory of the distribution.
322     .RE
323     .IP "node-up = relative-or-absolute-path" 4
324     .IX Item "node-up = relative-or-absolute-path"
325     Sets a command (default: no script) that should be called whenever a
326     connection is established (even on rekeying operations). In addition
327     to the variables passed to \f(CW\*(C`if\-up\*(C'\fR scripts, the following environment
328     variables will be set:
329     .RS 4
330     .IP "DESTNODE=branch2" 4
331     .IX Item "DESTNODE=branch2"
332     The name of the remote node.
333     .IP "DESTID=2" 4
334     .IX Item "DESTID=2"
335     The node id of the remote node.
336     .IP "DESTIP=188.13.66.8" 4
337     .IX Item "DESTIP=188.13.66.8"
338     The numerical \s-1IP\s0 address of the remote host (gvpe accepts connections from
339     everywhere, as long as the other host can authenticate itself).
340     .IP "DESTPORT=655 # deprecated" 4
341     .IX Item "DESTPORT=655 # deprecated"
342     The \s-1UDP\s0 port used by the other side.
343     .IP "STATE=UP" 4
344     .IX Item "STATE=UP"
345     Node-up scripts get called with STATE=UP, node-down scripts get called
346     with STATE=DOWN.
347     .RE
348     .RS 4
349     .Sp
350     Here is a nontrivial example that uses nsupdate to update the name => ip
351     mapping in some dns zone:
352     .Sp
353     .Vb 6
354     \& #!/bin/sh
355     \& {
356     \& echo update delete $DESTNODE.lowttl.example.net. a
357     \& echo update add $DESTNODE.lowttl.example.net. 1 in a $DESTIP
358     \& echo
359     \& } | nsupdate -d -k $CONFBASE:key.example.net.
360     .Ve
361     .RE
362     .IP "node-down = relative-or-absolute-path" 4
363     .IX Item "node-down = relative-or-absolute-path"
364     Same as \f(CW\*(C`node\-up\*(C'\fR, but gets called whenever a connection is lost.
365     .IP "http-proxy-host = hostname/ip" 4
366     .IX Item "http-proxy-host = hostname/ip"
367     The \f(CW\*(C`http\-proxy\-*\*(C'\fR family of options are only available if gvpe was
368     compiled with the \f(CW\*(C`\-\-enable\-http\-proxy\*(C'\fR option and enable tunneling of
369     tcp connections through a http proxy server.
370     .Sp
371     \&\f(CW\*(C`http\-proxy\-host\*(C'\fR and \f(CW\*(C`http\-proxy\-port\*(C'\fR should specify the hostname and
372     port number of the proxy server. See \f(CW\*(C`http\-proxy\-loginpw\*(C'\fR if your proxy
373     requires authentication.
374     .Sp
375     Please note that gvpe will still try to resolve all hostnames in the
376     configuration file, so if you are behind a proxy without access to a dns
377     server better use numerical \s-1IP\s0 addresses.
378     .Sp
379     To make best use of this option disable all protocols except tcp in your
380     config file and make sure your routers (or all other hosts) are listening
381     on a port that the proxy allows (443, https, is a common choice).
382     .Sp
383     If you have a router, connecting to it will suffice. Otherwise tcp must be
384     enabled on all hosts.
385     .Sp
386     Example:
387     .Sp
388     .Vb 3
389     \& http-proxy-host = proxy.example.com
390     \& http-proxy-port = 3128 # 8080 is another common choice
391     \& http-proxy-auth = schmorp:grumbeere
392     .Ve
393     .IP "http-proxy-port = proxy-tcp-port" 4
394     .IX Item "http-proxy-port = proxy-tcp-port"
395     The port where your proxy server listens.
396     .IP "http-proxy-auth = login:password" 4
397     .IX Item "http-proxy-auth = login:password"
398     The optional login and password used to authenticate to the proxy server,
399     seperated by a literal colon (\f(CW\*(C`:\*(C'\fR). Only basic authentication is
400     currently supported.
401     .IP "pid-file = path" 4
402     .IX Item "pid-file = path"
403     The path to the pid file to check and create (Default:
404     .Sh "\s-1NODE\s0 \s-1SPECIFIC\s0 \s-1SETTINGS\s0"
405     .IX Subsection "NODE SPECIFIC SETTINGS"
406     The following settings are node\-specific, that is, every node can have
407     different settings, even within the same gvpe instance. Settings that are
408     executed before the first node section set the defaults, settings that are
409     executed within a node section only apply to the given node.
410     .IP "udp-port = port-number" 4
411     .IX Item "udp-port = port-number"
412     Sets the port number used by the \s-1UDP\s0 protocol (default: \f(CW655\fR, not
413     officially assigned by \s-1IANA\s0!).
414     .IP "tcp-port = port-number" 4
415     .IX Item "tcp-port = port-number"
416     Similar to \f(CW\*(C`udp\-port\*(C'\fR (default: \f(CW655\fR), but sets the \s-1TCP\s0 port number.
417     .IP "enable-rawip = yes|true|on | no|false|off" 4
418     .IX Item "enable-rawip = yes|true|on | no|false|off"
419     Enable the \s-1RAW\s0 IPv4 transport using the \f(CW\*(C`ip\-proto\*(C'\fR protocol
420     (default: \f(CW\*(C`no\*(C'\fR). This is the best choice, since the overhead per packet
421     is only 38 bytes, as opposed to \s-1UDP\s0's 58 (or \s-1TCP\s0's 60+).
422     .IP "enable-udp = yes|true|on | no|false|off" 4
423     .IX Item "enable-udp = yes|true|on | no|false|off"
424 pcg 1.6 Enable the UDPv4 transport using the \f(CW\*(C`udp\-port\*(C'\fR port (default: \f(CW\*(C`no\*(C'\fR,
425     unless no other protocol is enabled for a node, in which case this
426     protocol is enabled automatically). This is a good general choice since
427     \&\s-1UDP\s0 tunnels well through many firewalls.
428     .Sp
429     \&\s-1NOTE:\s0 Please specify \f(CW\*(C`enable\-udp = yes\*(C'\fR if you want t use it even though
430     it might get switched on automatically, as some future version might
431     default to another default protocol.
432 pcg 1.1 .IP "enable-tcp = yes|true|on | no|false|off" 4
433     .IX Item "enable-tcp = yes|true|on | no|false|off"
434     Enable the TCPv4 transport using the \f(CW\*(C`tcp\-port\*(C'\fR port
435     (default: \f(CW\*(C`no\*(C'\fR). Support for this horribly unsuitable protocol is only
436     available when gvpe was compiled using the \f(CW\*(C`\-\-enable\-tcp\*(C'\fR option. Never
437     use this transport unless you really must, it is horribly ineffiecent and
438     resource-intensive compared to the other transports.
439 pcg 1.2 .IP "router-priority = 0 | 1 | positive\-number>2" 4
440     .IX Item "router-priority = 0 | 1 | positive-number>2"
441 pcg 1.1 Sets the router priority of the given host (default: \f(CW0\fR, disabled). If
442     some host tries to connect to another host without a hostname, it asks
443     the router host for it's \s-1IP\s0 address. The router host is the one with the
444 pcg 1.2 highest priority larger than \f(CW1\fR that is currently reachable.
445     .Sp
446     Make sure all hosts always connect (\f(CW\*(C`connect = always\*(C'\fR) to the router
447     hosts, otherwise connecting to them might be impossible.
448     .Sp
449     The special value \f(CW1\fR allows other hosts to route through the router
450     host, but they will never route through it by default. The value \f(CW0\fR
451     disables routing. The idea behind this is that some hosts can, if
452     required, bump the \f(CW\*(C`router\-priority\*(C'\fR setting to higher than \f(CW1\fR in their
453     local config to route through specific hosts. If \f(CW\*(C`router\-priority\*(C'\fR is
454     \&\f(CW0\fR, then routing will be refused, so \f(CW1\fR serves as a \*(L"enable, but do
455     not use by default\*(R" switch.
456     .IP "connect = ondemand | never | always | disabled" 4
457     .IX Item "connect = ondemand | never | always | disabled"
458 pcg 1.1 Sets the connect mode (default: \f(CW\*(C`always\*(C'\fR). It can be \f(CW\*(C`always\*(C'\fR (always
459 pcg 1.2 try to establish and keep a connection to the given host), \f(CW\*(C`never\*(C'\fR
460 pcg 1.3 (never initiate a connection to the given host, but accept connections),
461 pcg 1.1 \&\f(CW\*(C`ondemand\*(C'\fR (try to establish a connection on the first packet sent, and
462     take it down after the keepalive interval) or \f(CW\*(C`disabled\*(C'\fR (node is bad,
463     don't talk to it).
464     .IP "inherit-tos = yes|true|on | no|false|off" 4
465     .IX Item "inherit-tos = yes|true|on | no|false|off"
466     Wether to inherit the \s-1TOS\s0 settings of packets sent to the tunnel when
467     sending packets to this node (default: \f(CW\*(C`yes\*(C'\fR). If set to \f(CW\*(C`yes\*(C'\fR then
468     outgoing tunnel packets will have the same \s-1TOS\s0 setting as the packets sent
469     to the tunnel device, which is usually what you want.
470     .IP "compress = yes|true|on | no|false|off" 4
471     .IX Item "compress = yes|true|on | no|false|off"
472     Wether to compress data packets sent to this host (default: \f(CW\*(C`yes\*(C'\fR).
473     Compression is really cheap even on slow computers and has no size
474     overhead at all, so enabling this is a good idea.
475     .IP "max-retry = positive-number" 4
476     .IX Item "max-retry = positive-number"
477     The maximum interval in seconds (default: \f(CW28800\fR, 8 hours) between
478     retries to establish a connection to this node. When a connection cannot
479     be established, gvpe uses exponential backoff capped at this value. It's
480     sometimes useful to set this to a much lower value (e.g. \f(CW120\fR) on
481     connections to routers that usually are stable but sometimes are down, to
482     assure quick reconnections.
483     .SH "CONFIG DIRECTORY LAYOUT"
484     .IX Header "CONFIG DIRECTORY LAYOUT"
485     The default (or recommended) directory layout for the config directory is:
486 pcg 1.4 .IP "\(bu" 4
487     .IX Xref "gvpe.conf"
488 pcg 1.1 The config file.
489 pcg 1.4 .IP "\(bu" 4
490     .IX Xref "if-up"
491 pcg 1.1 The if-up script
492 pcg 1.4 .IP "," 4
493     .IX Xref "node-up node-down"
494 pcg 1.1 If used the node up or node-down scripts.
495 pcg 1.4 .IP "\(bu" 4
496     .IX Xref "hostkey"
497 pcg 1.1 The private key (taken from \f(CW\*(C`hostkeys/nodename\*(C'\fR) of the current host.
498 pcg 1.4 .IP "\(bu" 4
499     .IX Xref "pubkey nodename"
500 pcg 1.1 The public keys of the other nodes, one file per node.
501     .SH "SEE ALSO"
502     .IX Header "SEE ALSO"
503     \&\fIgvpe\fR\|(5), \fIgvpe\fR\|(8), \fIgvpectrl\fR\|(8).
504     .SH "AUTHOR"
505     .IX Header "AUTHOR"
506     Marc Lehmann <gvpe@plan9.de>